2021届高考二轮复习英语语法专题：虚拟语气 学案
高考英语二轮专项复习：虚拟语气.ppt
表示与事实情况相反 条件从句的谓语形式
表示现在情况 过去式(did)
(be常用 were)
表示过去情况 过去完成式(had +done
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
表示将来情况
①过去式 (did) ②should + do ③were to do
主句的谓语形式
Would / could / might / should (用于第1人称) +动 词原形(do) 上面4个情态动词+have done
虚拟语气
虚拟语气的概念
❖ 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来 表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一 种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步 状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、 命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位 语从句)。
虚拟语气
虚拟语气在 在条件从句中
一、在条件从句中 (叫虚拟条件句)，表示与事实相反 的条件。分三种情况(以 do 为例)：
3、 wish接宾语从句有三种情况： 1) 现在：用过去式 2) 过去：用过去完成式 (had done) 3) 将来：用情态动词(would / could) + do
虚拟语气
虚拟语气在：在宾语从句中
[例句]
1. I wish she would be on my side. 我希望她能站在我一边。
blackboard after class. 老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。 2) He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means. 他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。
3) He insisted that he was right.
2021年高考英语语法复习 情态动词和虚拟语气考点总结及配套练习
2021年高考英语语法复习情态动词和虚拟语气一、情态动词考点一情态动词的基本用法1.can和could的用法(1)表示“能力”。
The man can∕could speak two foreign languages.那个人能说两门外语。
(2)表示推测,一般用于疑问句和否定句。
—Can the news be true?——这个消息可能是真实的吗?—It can’t be true.——它不可能是真实的。
(3)表示可能性。
用于肯定句,常译为“往往会,常常会,有时候可能会”。
The weather in Ningbo can be very cold in winter.宁波的冬天会很冷。
(4)表示请示、允许。
口语中常用could代替can。
could用以委婉地提出请求等,但回答时必须用can。
Can I have a rest?我能休息一下吗?Could you please help fill this form?你能帮助我填下这个表格吗?(5)cannot...too∕enough表示“无论……也不过分”“越……越好”。
You can’t be too careful while driving.开车时越小心越好。
You cannot remember enough English words.你记的英语单词越多越好。
2.may和might的用法(1)表示许可。
might比may的语气更委婉。
You may use my bike.你可以用我的自行车。
(2)表示推测,意为“可能”。
may not表示一种不太确定的语气,意为“可能不”。
Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy; they may just be quiet people.言语不多的人未必就是害羞;他们或许就是安静的人。
(3)may表示请求时,其否定式常用mustn’t表示“禁止”。
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解10---虚拟语气(解析版)
引导的让步和方式状语从 as if/though
He looks as if he were an artist.
句
He talked about the accident as if he had seen it.
in order that, so that, in case, for fear that
提前，即 故填 were/should/had
Were/Should/Had I..., Were
4. have fallen 解析：句意：要是没有政府和科学家的合作，与艾滋病相关的死亡人数就不会从 2005 年的 最高值降下来。从句“Had...not worked together”是对过去情况的假设，所以主句谓语要用 wouldn't have done.
necessary, natural, strange, important,
等 用 于 句 型 surprising, vital
“It
中， 引导的主语从 is+adj.+that...” that
句中谓语动词常用“（should)do”形式
It is necessary that he(should)sort out the information for my reference.
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解 专题十 虚拟语气
一．虚拟语气在 if 非真实条件句中的应用
虚拟条件从句(if)
主句
与现在事实相反的 主语+did/were
假设
与过去事实相反的 主语+had done
假设
与将来事实相反的 主语+ 1.did/were
假设
2.should do
高考英语语法二轮复习——虚拟语气
虚拟语气在简单句中的用法
虚拟语气用于简单句时，一般表示祝愿，命 令等。谓语动词要用动词原形。 1. 表示祝愿： eg. Long live the People’s Republic of China!
May you be happy all your life! 2. 表示命令： eg. Everybody leave the room!
虚拟语气
虚拟语气，用来表达说话人的愿望、请求、 意图建议、惊奇、设想等。而不表示客观存 在的事实。 I wish I were a bird. Look at those doves flying across the sky in the strong sunlight. I wish I were a white cloud giving them cool shade. If I were you, I shouldn’t do it.
4. 在It is (high, about) time that+宾语从句中， 从句的谓语动词用过去式，表示该做某事了 的意思，这也是一种虚拟语气。 It is time we got up. (should get up)
It is high time our athletes showed (should show) their best.
Let one of you go and tell her to come.
虚拟语气在主从复合句中的用法
1. 在条件状语从句中的用法：
A. 表示与现在事实相反的情况
条件从句的动词形式 主句的动词形式
If I (we, you, he, she, I (we, you, he, she, it,
it, they)+行为动词的 过去式（be的过去式 一般用were。在he,
高考英语二轮专题语法系列--虚拟语气讲义
虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜测、建议或与事实不符的假设等，也可以表示可能性较小的情况或不可能发生的情况，而不是客观存在的事实(表示客观事实要用陈述语气)。
虚拟语气是由句中谓语动词的特殊形式表现出来的。
虚拟语气常用于复合句中，也可用于简单句。
比较：If she asks me tomorrow,I shall do it.如果她明天请求我，我会做的。
(陈述语气，说话人认为请求的可能性大)If she asked me tomorrow, I should do it. 假如她明天请求我，我会做的。
(虚拟语气，说话人认为请求的可能性小或不可能请求)1 虚拟语气的用法1-1 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1)表示与现在事实相反的情况If I were/was not busy today, I should go with you.如果我今天有空，我会同你一起去的。
If he were/was here,he might talk with you.如果他在这里，他可能会同你谈谈。
If I were you,I wouldn't accept her suggestion.如果我是你，我不会接受她的建议。
If I knew the answer to the question,I should/ would tell you.如果我知道问题的答案，我当然会告诉你。
If we left now, we should/would arrive there in time.如果我们现在就动身，我们会准时到达那里。
If he didn't do exercise every day,he wouldn't be so strong.如果他不每天锻炼，他不会那样强壮的。
If it weren't raining, we would go fishing.要是现在不下雨，我们就去钓鱼了。
2021年高考英语虚拟语气所有用法-5068儿童网
2021年高考英语虚拟语气所有用法 - 5068儿童网要大量看英文杂志、听英语广播和看原版电影，但切记咬文嚼字，重点是内容主题，让自己能看、听和读进去。
下面是小偏整理的2021年高考英语虚拟语气所有用法，感谢您的每一次阅读。
2021年高考英语虚拟语气所有用法1.对现在假设的情况从句:If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do:IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。
(事实:我不可能是你)IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldtellyou.如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。
(事实:不知道)Iftherewerenoairorwater,therewouldbenolivingthingsonthee arth.如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。
(事实:地球上既有空气也有水)IfIhadanymoneywithme,Icouldlendyousome.如果我带钱了,我就会借给你些。
(事实:没有带钱)Ifhestudiedharder,hemightpasstheexam.如果他再努力些,就能通过考试了。
(事实:没有努力)IfIwereyou,I'dwearashirtandtie.如果我是你,我就会穿衬衫和领带。
(事实:我并不是你)2.对过去没做的事情的假设-实际还是没做从句:If+主语+had+done主句:主语+should/would/might/could+havedoneIfIhadgotthereearlier,Ishould/wouldhavemether.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。
(事实:去晚了)Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldnothavemadesuchamistake.如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。
2021年高考英语二轮专题提升训练 虚拟语气与情态动词
2021年高考英语二轮专题提升训练虚拟语气与情态动词1．（xx届福建省龙岩市高三毕业班教学质量检查英语试卷）一Mary, do remember to bring your e-dictionary tomorrow．一Sure. 1wouldn’t if you me.A. don’t remindB. didn’t remind C．haven’t reminded D. hadn’t reminded2．（xx届辽宁省大连市第三中学高三上学期期末考试英语试卷）----Did you make it at last?----Yes. But for your help, it _____ a serious loss.A. would causeB. must have causedC. might causeD. would have caused3．（xx届广西桂林中学高三2月月考英语试卷）— Thank God! The accident was avoided after all.—That was lucky, but ten inches nearer the two cars _________?A. was destroyedB. would be destroyedC. would have been destroyedD. had been destroyed4．（xx届浙江省六校（省一级重点校）高三3月联考英语试卷）—How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?— It ______ be, but it is now heavily polluted.A. willB. wouldC. shouldD. must5．（xx届江苏省苏州市高三1月调研测试英语试卷）We got in my father's car and headed straight home and__________,I surely would have beenstuck in the station for several days.A. had I notB. did I notC. if I didn'tD. if I had6．（xx届江苏省苏州市高三1月调研测试英语试卷）China Hengda＿well have won the football match, but I don't know because I wasn't there.A. couldB. mayC. should ．D. must7．（xx届湖南省怀化市高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷）You get two tickets of Despicable Me Ⅱ, as I have promised .A. mayB. canC. needD. shall8．（xx届福建省福州八中高三第六次质检考试英语试卷）—Do you think George has passed the driving test?—No. If so, he ______ his car to our college yesterday.A. would driveB. droveC. would have drivenD. had driven9．（xx届浙江省杭州二中高三第五次（3月）月考英语试卷）He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball; otherwise, he ___________ a goal.A. would scoreB. scoredC. would have scoredD. had scored10．（xx届福建省泉州市泉港区惠华中学高三上学期期中考试英语试卷）So far it has been suggested that special stress _____ on pre-school education.A. is laidB. be laidC. has been laidD. have been laid11．（xx届四川省成都七中高三二诊模拟英语试卷）I’m very hungry. Get me something to eat; anything ________ do.A. willB. shouldC. mustD. can12．（xx届陕西省长安一中高新一中交大附中师大附中西安中学高三一模英语卷）But for those interruptions, the meeting _____ half an hour ago.A. was finishedB. would have finishedC. would finishD. had been finished13．（xx届江西省红色六校高三第二次联考英语试卷）We would have to put off the visit to the Water Cube________ it rain tomorrow.A. WouldB. WereC. ShouldD. Could14．（xx届陕西省西安市第一中学高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试卷）The examination results suggested that I in poor health,so the doctor suggested that I more exercises to improve it.A.was;tookB.was;takeC.be;tookD.be;take15．（xx届四川省苍溪中学高三下学期月考英语试卷）---Dad, I am too tired and feel too much pressure on my mind---e on! That’s the life of Senior Three, b ut if you are admitted to a key University, you ____get an Iphone 5s as a gift.A. mustB. shallC. willD. might16．（xx届安徽省桐城市第十中学高三上学期第一次月考英语试卷）Attention, please. All of you students _______ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.A. canB. willC. mayD. shall17．（xx届安徽省桐城市第十中学高三上学期第一次月考英语试卷）____ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.A. WereB. ShouldC. WouldD. Will18．（xx届福建省泉州五中莆田一中漳州一中高三上学期期末联考英语试卷）In order to do something meaningful, it’s necessary that you _______ determine what is really important.A. mustB. willC. needD. should19．（xx届福建省泉州市高三1月质量检查英语试卷）It’s so cold today．If it should get warmer this afternoon，I＿my car．A．would have washed B．would wash C．must have washed D．must wash20．（xx届宁夏银川九中高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷）___ he _____ me the news yesterday, I would be at the party now.A. Should, tellB. Did, tellC. Had, toldD. Were, to tell21．（xx届湖南省衡阳市八中高三第六次月考试卷）The politician has been warned that he would be getting into great trouble ____ stick to his standpoint.A. were he toB. he willC. he was toD. would he22．（xx届福建省漳州市芗城中学高三12月第四次月考英语试卷）The petrol tank is empty. I _________it up before we left home.A.had to fillB.would have filledC.should have filledD.could have filled23．（xx届四川省绵阳市高中高三第二次诊断性考试英语试卷）Our teachers often suggest we ______ take it easy when facing any difficulty.A. hadB. couldC. wouldD. should24．（xx届江西省赣州市六校高三上学期期末联考英语试卷）We used to work in the same office and we ________ have coffee together.A. shouldB. wouldC. couldD. might25．（xx届河南省郑州市第四中学高三上学期第六次调考英语试卷）Tony ________ full marks, but he was so careless as to make a spelling mistake.A. could have gainedB. can have gainedC. must have gainedD. must gain26．（xx届河北省唐山一中高三下学期开学调研考试英语试卷）Tom _____ full marks, but he was too careless and made a spelling mistake.A. could gainB. could have gainedC. must have gainedD. must gain27．（xx届浙江省绍兴市第一中学高三下学期回头考英语试卷）–___ the new secretary e to see you, manager?–Sure. And I’d rather she ____ me the truth.A．Will; tell B．Shall; toldC．Should; will tell D．Shall; tells28．（xx届福建省福州市八县高三上学期期末考试英语试卷）一What if you_____ to send an essay with your application?一I would have been rejected．A．forgot B．would forget C．had forgotten D．should forget29．（xx届安徽省泗县双语中学高三12月月考英语试卷）It is strange that such a thing ______ in your school．A．will happen B．happens C．should happen D．happened30．（xx届福建省五校高中毕业班期末摸底统一考试英语试卷）It was lucky that little Jack was not at home when the fire broke out; otherwise, he____his life. A.had lost B.would lose C.would have lost D.might lose【答案及其解析】1．D3．C【解析】5．A【解析】句意：--我们做进爸爸的车，径直开车回家，如果我没有这样的话，当然会被困在车站几天。
备战高考英语考点一遍过专题20虚拟语气(含解析)(2021年整理)
考点20 虚拟语气高考频度:★★★★☆【命题解读】对虚拟语气的考查重点在于根据句子的语境灵活多样地运用虚拟语气，宾语从句中虚拟语气的应用，交际用语中为表示委婉而使用的虚拟语气，含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气,以及特殊句型中的虚拟语气等.【命题预测】在特定语境下,情态动词和虚拟语气与动词的时态和语态相结合的考查是近年来高考的趋势.【复习建议】1。
掌握虚拟语气的基本用法;2. 掌握含蓄虚拟条件句的用法；3. 掌握主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句的用法；4. 掌握名词性从句中的虚拟语气的用法；5。
掌握wish/if only/would rather从句中的虚拟语气的用法。
考向一if条件句中的虚拟语气☞如果我是你,我会带把伞。
☞We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold hadn’t offered us a ride home。
如果昨天哈罗德没送我们回家，我们会打出租车回家的。
【巧学妙记】1。
（2017·北京卷·单项填空) If the new safety system ________ to use, the accident would never have happened。
A. had been putB. were putC. should be putD. would be put【参考答案】A2。
（2016·天津卷·单项填空)I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn't been wearing one， I __________。
A。
were injured B. would be injuredC。
had been injured D. would have been injured【参考答案】D【答案解析】句意:我当时系着安全带。
如果我没有系安全带,我就会受伤了.使用虚拟语气，根据if条件句用的had done，可知，主句用would havedone表示对过去情况的虚拟，而且I和injure是被动关系。
高考英语二轮总复习 第一部分 语篇型语法填空和短文改错 专题七 情态动词和虚拟语气
译文 一家慈善机构正在为一所小学募捐,小学里的孩子们的生活条件不好。 就在几天前,一场关于关心孩子的演讲在中心公园里举行。来自该慈善机 构的演讲者呼吁政府官员在改变孩子的生活环境方面做出挑战。同时,他 们还建议市民们创造更多机会来培养孩子的良好性格。每个人都应该为 给孩子提供一个美好的童年做出贡献。孩子们同我们的未来息息相关,他 们肯定会为我们对他们的关心而做出善举的。
情态动词 意义及用法
例句
must have to
(1)必须,应该(表示主观要求); (2)肯定,想必(肯定句中表示主观推 测); ★(3)非要,偏偏(用于疑问句或条件 状语从句中) 注意:(1)mustn’t表示禁止,意为“不 准;不许”; (2)当must用于疑问句中时,其否定回 答是:No,...needn’t/don’t have to.
3.(2019·天津卷改编)The professor warned the students that on no account ___s_h_o_u_ld______they use mobile phones in his class. 解析:句意:教授警告学生们在任何情况下都不能在他的课上使用手机。on no account“在任何情况下都不……”。否定短语置于句首引起部分倒 装;warn后面的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气:should+动词原形。
2.(2020·天津卷改编)Jim says we ____c_a_n_______stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy. 解析:句意:考查情态动词。句意:吉姆说只要能够让房子保持干净、整洁, 我们就可以住在他的房子里。can表示许可,意为“可以”。
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英语虚拟语气 1 英语虚拟语气 语气 (mood)是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。英语中的语气有三种：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。 直陈语气(indicative mood),表示所说的话是事实。 祈使语气 (imperative mood),表示所说的话是请求或命令。 虚拟语气(subjunctive mood),表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。 学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。真实条件句所表示的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。如： If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。 Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。 虚拟条件句所表示的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。
状语从句中的虚拟语气 虚拟语气在if引导的非真实条件句中的用法三点： 从句（条件） 主句（目的）
表示与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句 If+主语+动词的过去式（be用were） 主语+would(should could might)+动词原型 If I were you, I should study English.
表示与过去事实相反 If+主语+had+动词的过去分词 主语+would（should could might）+have+动词的过去分词 If you had come here yesterday, you would have met him. 表示与将来事实相反 If+主语+should（were to）+动词原型/动词的过去式 主语+would（could should might）+动词原型 If it were to / should rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. Iy you camr tomorrow, we would have the meeting. 混合条件句——主从句时间不一致的情况下的虚拟语气 有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。(详解在第四页)
含蓄条件句 有时虚拟条件句并没用if从句表示出来，而是用介词短语（otherwise，or，without，but for）上下文或其他方式来表示。 I would have failed but for your help. Without air, there would be no living things. Born in better times, he would have been a scholar.
条件从句中省略if采用倒装语序的情况 在if引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中，有时可以把虚拟条件中的连词if省去，而将had，should，were等助动词提到主语之前。 例：Were she younger, she would do it. Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home. Had you come here yesterday, you would have had seen him. 虚拟语气在as if/as though引导的方式状语从句或表从中 1. 表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑，谓语动词用过去式。 He looks as if he were rich.
2. 表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时。 He speaks English so fluently as if he had lived in English for long. 3．表示与将来事实相反 It looks as if it might rain. 注意：1.在as if/as though 句中，如果有可能成为事实，用陈述语气。例：He looks as if he is going to be ill. 虚拟语气用在for fear that，引导的目的状语从句中表示“以防，以免”等意思 谓语动词多用should/could/might+动词原型构成
由“providing（that）/provided（that）/on condition that/suppose（that）/supposing（that）”引导的条件从句(=if) 根据情况，1.可以用虚拟语气。 例：Suppose / Supposing that it rained, we shouldn’t go out. 2.也可以用陈述语气。 例：They are willing to surrender provided they are given free pardon.
“In case”引导的从句中即可用陈述句，也可以用虚拟语气 （should）+动词原型 例：1. The game will be put off in case it (should) snow. 2. The game will be put off in case it snows.
名词性从句中的虚拟语气 一：宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1.在动词wish/hope后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 对现在情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用过去式。 I wish I were rich. I wish I had lots of money. 对过去情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用过去完成时，或would，could，might+现在完成时。 I wish I could fly. 对将来情况的虚拟：从句谓语“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。
在表示建议，命令，要求，忠告，等动词的后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 均以“should+动词原型”表示这种语气，“should”常被省略。 常用的此类动词有： 表示“提议，劝告，建议”的：propose, suggest, recommend, advise. 表示“要求”的：ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg Our teacher demanded all the doors should be closed before leaving. 表示“同意，坚持”的：insist 表示“决定，命令”的：decide, order 英语虚拟语气 2
注意：suggest, insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示，表明，坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。 His pale face suggested he was ill.(表明) He insisted that he was innocent.(坚持认为) 在expect，believe，think，suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 经常用“should+动词原型（或完成形式），表示惊奇，怀疑，不满等情绪。 I don’t believe they should have left without any words. Would rather，had rather，后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 谓语动词用过去式表示与现在或将来相反，用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反。表示“宁愿做什么”或“对过去做的事的懊悔”。 I’d rather you went there/ had gone there with me yesterday. 注意：1.若某人愿自己做某事，would rather后用动词原型 2.would rather…..than……中用动词原型 I’d rather stay at home than go shopping. 主语从句中的虚拟语气 “It is(was)+形容词（或过去分词）+that….”结构中的虚拟语气 表达形式为should+动词原形或省略should 常用的形容词：natural，appropriate，advisable，necessary，important，urgent，probable，possible，desirable，strange。 注意：在上述所列形容词后面用that引出的宾语从句中，谓语动词也要用虚拟语气。 例：I don’t think it advisable that tom should be assigned to the job since he has no experience.(汤姆缺乏经验，指派他做这项工作我认为是不恰当的) 在“It is (was)+名词+that…..”结构句中的虚拟语气 表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。 这类名词有：advice，decision，desire，demand，idea，order，pity，proposal，recommendation，suggestion，surprise，wish，wonder等。 It’s a pity that you should have cheated in the exam. 表语从句或同位语从句中的虚拟语气 某些表示建议，请求，命令等主观意向的名词做主语时，其后的表语从句或同位语从句需用虚拟语气 表达形式为should+动词原型或直接用动词原型。 这类名词常见的有：demand，desire，requirement，advice，recommendation，suggestion，order，necessity，proposal，plan，idea。 The doctor’s advice is that he (should) be seat to the hospital. His proposal that we should go on a picnic is reasonable. 在It is (about/high) time + that 定语从句中的虚拟语气 表示“该做……..的时候了” 其动词形式用一般过去时或should+动词原型 It’s time you should go to bed/ went to bed. 区别：在This is the first time/ second time that….句型中，从句中谓语动词用陈述语气完成时态。 If only 引起的感叹句中的虚拟语气 If only引出感叹句，意思是“要是…..多好”，表示说话人的一种愿望。 例：If only he didn’t drive so fast!(现在) If only the rain would stop.(将来) Look at the terrible situation I am in !if only I had followed your advice(过去) 区别： only if“只有” Only if you study hard can you pass the exam.