各种数学名词的英语翻译(可编辑修改word版)

各种数学名词的英语翻译(可编辑修改word版)
各种数学名词的英语翻译(可编辑修改word版)

各种数学名词的英语翻译

数学 mathematics,

maths(BrE), math(AmE)

公理 axiom

定理 theorem

计算 calculation

运算 operation

证明 prove

假设 hypothesis,

hypotheses(pl.)

命题 proposition

算术 arithmetic

加 plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)

被加数 augend, summand

加数 addend

和 sum

减 minus(prep.),

subtract(v.),

subtraction(n.)

被减数 minuend

减数 subtrahend

差 remainder

乘 times(prep.),

multiply(v.),

multiplication(n.)

被乘数 multiplicand, faciend 乘数 multiplicator

积 product

除 divided by(prep.),

divide(v.), division(n.)

被除数 dividend

除数 divisor

商 quotient

等于 equals, is equal to, is equivalent to

大于 is greater than

小于 is lesser than

大于等于 is equal or greater than

小于等于 is equal or lesser than

运算符 operator 平均数 mean

算术平均数 arithmatic mean

几何平均数 geometric mean n

个数之积的 n 次方根

倒数(reciprocal) x 的倒数为

1/x

有理数 rational number

无理数 irrational number

实数 real number

虚数 imaginary number

数字 digit

数 number

自然数 natural number

整数 integer

小数 decimal

小数点 decimal point

分数 fraction

分子 numerator

分母 denominator

比 ratio

正 positive

负 negative

零 null, zero, nought, nil

十进制 decimal system

二进制 binary system

十六进制 hexadecimal system

权 weight, significance

进位 carry

截尾 truncation

四舍五入 round

下舍入 round down

上舍入 round up

有效数字 significant digit

无效数字 insignificant digit

代数 algebra

公式 formula, formulae(pl.)

单项式 monomial

多项式 polynomial,

multinomial

系数 coefficient

未知数 unknown, x-factor, y-

factor, z-factor

等式,方程式 equation

一次方程 simple equation

二次方程 quadratic equation

三次方程 cubic equation

四次方程 quartic equation

不等式 inequation

阶乘 factorial

对数 logarithm

指数,幂 exponent

乘方 power

二次方,平方 square

三次方,立方 cube

四次方 the power of four, the

fourth power

n 次方 the power of n, the nth

power

开方 evolution, extraction

二次方根,平方根 square root

三次方根,立方根 cube root

四次方根 the root of four, the

fourth root

n 次方根 the root of n, the nth

root

sqrt(2)=1.414

sqrt(3)=1.732

sqrt(5)=2.236

常量 constant

变量 variable

坐标系 coordinates

坐标轴 x-axis, y-axis, z-axis

横坐标 x-coordinate

纵坐标 y-coordinate

原点 origin

象限 quadrant

截距(有正负之分)intercede

(方程的)解 solution

几何 geometry

点 point

线 line

面 plane

体 solid

线段 segment

射线 radial

平行 parallel

相交 intersect

角 angle

角度 degree

弧度 radian

锐角 acute angle

直角 right angle

钝角 obtuse angle

平角 straight angle

周角 perigon

底 base

边 side

高 height

三角形 triangle

锐角三角形 acute triangle

直角三角形 right triangle

直角边 leg

斜边 hypotenuse

勾股定理 Pythagorean theorem 钝角三角形 obtuse triangle 不等边三角形 scalene triangle

等腰三角形 isosceles

triangle

等边三角形 equilateral triangle

四边形 quadrilateral

平行四边形 parallelogram

矩形 rectangle

长 length

宽 width

周长 perimeter

面积 area

相似 similar

全等 congruent

三角 trigonometry

正弦 sine

余弦 cosine

正切 tangent

余切 cotangent

正割 secant

余割 cosecant

反正弦 arc sine

反余弦 arc cosine

反正切 arc tangent

反余切 arc cotangent

反正割 arc secant 反余割 arc cosecant

补充:

集合 aggregate

元素 element

空集 void

子集 subset

交集 intersection

并集 union

补集 complement

映射 mapping

函数 function

定义域 domain, field of

definition

值域 range

单调性 monotonicity

奇偶性 parity

周期性 periodicity

图象 image

数列,级数 series

微积分 calculus

微分 differential

导数 derivative

极限 limit

无穷大 infinite(a.)

infinity(n.)

无穷小 infinitesimal

积分 integral

定积分 definite integral

不定积分 indefinite integral

复数 complex number

矩阵 matrix

行列式 determinant

圆 circle

圆心 centre(BrE),

center(AmE)

半径 radius

直径 diameter

圆周率 pi

弧 arc

半圆 semicircle

扇形 sector

环 ring

椭圆 ellipse

圆周 circumference

轨迹 locus, loca(pl.)

平行六面体 parallelepiped

立方体 cube

七面体 heptahedron

八面体 octahedron

九面体 enneahedron

十面体 decahedron

十一面体 hendecahedron

十二面体 dodecahedron

二十面体 icosahedron

多面体 polyhedron

旋转 rotation

轴 axis

球 sphere

半球 hemisphere

底面 undersurface

表面积 surface area

体积 volume

空间 space

双曲线 hyperbola

抛物线 parabola

四面体 tetrahedron

五面体 pentahedron

六面体 hexahedron 菱形 rhomb,

rhombus, rhombi(pl.),

diamond

正方形 square

梯形 trapezoid

直角梯形 right trapezoid

等腰梯形 isosceles trapezoid

五边形 pentagon

六边形 hexagon

七边形 heptagon

八边形 octagon

九边形 enneagon

十边形 decagon

十一边形 hendecagon

十二边形 dodecagon

多边形 polygon

正多边形 equilateral polygon

相位 phase

周期 period

振幅 amplitude

内心 incentre(BrE),

incenter(AmE)

外心 excentre(BrE),

excenter(AmE)

旁心 escentre(BrE),

escenter(AmE)

垂心 orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE)

重心 barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE)

内切圆 inscribed circle

外切圆 circumcircle

统计 statistics

平均数 average

加权平均数 weighted average 方差 variance

标准差 root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation

比例 propotion

百分比 percent

百分点 percentage

百分位数 percentile

排列 permutation

组合 combination

概率,或然率 probability

分布 distribution

正态分布 normal distribution 非正态分布 abnormal distribution

图表 graph

条形统计图 bar graph

柱形统计图 histogram

折线统计图 broken line graph 曲线统计图 curve diagram

扇形统计图 pie diagram

--------------

数学中常用单词术语

abscissa 横坐标

absolute value 绝对

acute angle 锐角

adjacent angle 邻角

addition 加

algebra 代数

altitude 高

angle bisector 角平

分线

arc 弧

area 面积

arithmetic mean 算术

平均值(总和除以总数)

arithmetic progression

等差数列(等差级数)

arm 直角三角

形的股

at 总计(乘法)

average 平均值

base 底

be contained in 位

于...上

bisect 平分

center 圆心

chord 弦

circle 圆形

circumference 圆周

circumscribe 外切,

外接

clockwise 顺时针

方向

closest approximation 最

相近似的

combination 组合

common divisor 公约

数,公因子

common factor 公因

complementary angles 余

角(二角和为 90 度)

composite number 合数

(可被除1 及本身以外其它的数

整除)

concentric circle 同心

cone 圆锥(体积

=1/3*pi*r*r*h)

congruent 全等的

consecutive integer 连

续的整数

coordinate 坐标的

cost 成本

counterclockwise 逆

时针方向

cube 1.立方数

2.立方体(体

积=a*a*a 表面积=6*a*a)

cylinder 圆柱体

decagon 十边形

decimal 小数

decimal point 小数点

decreased 减少

decrease to 减少到

decrease by 减少了

degree 角度

define 1.定义

2.化简

denominator 分母

denote 代表,表

depreciation 折旧

distance 距离

distinct 不同的

dividend 1. 被除

数 2.红利

divided evenly 被除

divisible 可整除

division 1. 除 2.

部分

divisor 除数

down payment 预付

款,定金

equation 方程

equilateral triangle 等

边三角形

even number 偶数expression 表达exterior angle 外角face (立体图形的)某一面

factor 因子fraction 1.分数2.比例

geometric mean 几何平均值(N 个数的乘积再开 N 次方)

geometric progression 等比数列(等比级数)

mark down 降价

maximum 最大值

median, medium 中数

(把数字按大小排列,若为奇数

项,则中间那项就为中数,若为

偶数项,则中间两项的算术平均

值为中数。例:(1,3,8)其中

数为 3;(1,3,8,9)其中数为

(3+8)/2=5)

median of a triangle 三角

形的中线

mid point 中点

minimum 最小值

power 次方(2

的5 次方=the fifth power of

2)

prime factor 质因子

prime number 质数

product 乘积

profit 利润

proper fraction 真分

proportion 比例

purchasing price 买价

quadrant 象限

quadrihedrogon 四角

have left 剩余minus 减锥

height 高multiplication 乘法quadrilateral 四边

hexagon 六边形hypotenuse 斜边improper fraction 假分数

increase 增加increase by 增加了increase to 增加到inscribe 内切,内接

intercept 截距integer 整数interest rate 利率in terms of... 用...表达

interior angle 内角intersect 相交irrational 无理数isosceles triangle 等腰三角形

least common multiple 最小公倍数

least possible value 最小可能的值

leg 直角三角形的股

length 长

multiple 倍数

multiply 乘

natural number 自然

negative number 负数

nonzero 非零

number lines 数线

numerator 分子

obtuse angle 钝角

octagon 八边形

odd number 奇数

ordinate 纵坐标

overlap 重叠

parallel lines 平行

线

parallelogram 平行

四边形

pentagon 五边形

per capita 每人

perimeter 周长

permutation 排列

perpendicular lines 垂

直线

pyramid 三角锥

plane 平面

plus 加

quotient 商

ratio 比例

rational 有理数

radius 半径(复

数为 radii)

radian 弧度

real number 实数

reciprocal 倒数

rectangle 长方形

rectangular prism 长

方体

reduced 减少

regular polygon 正多

边形

remainder 余数

retail value 零售价

rhombus 菱形

right angle 直角

right triangle 直角

三角形

round 四舍五入

sale price 卖价

segment 线段

set 集合

sequence 数列

list price 标价polygon 多边形scalene triangle 不等margin 利润positive number 正数边三角形

mark up 涨价side 边长

simple interest 单利slope 斜率solution (方程的)解

speed 过度sphere 球体(表面积=4*pi*r*r, 体积=4/3*pi*r*r*r)

square 1.平方数,平方 2.正方形

square root 平方根straight angle 平角subtract 减subtraction 减法sum 和

surface area 表面积supplementary angles

补角

tangent 相切tenths' digit 十分位

tenth 十分位

tie 并列,打平

times 倍

total 1.总数(用于加法中,相当于+)

2.总计(用于减法中,相当于-)

to the nearest 最接近的

trapezoid 梯形triangle 三角形two digits 2 位units' digit 个位veiocity 速度vertex angle 顶角vertical angle 对顶角

volume 体积whole number 整数width 宽

3-digit number 三位数

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