中石化英语职称考试历年真题版

2012年中国石油职称英语考试题及相应参考答案

类型 08

试卷一

I. Vocabulary

Directions: There are some incomplete sentences in this part. Beneath each sentence you will see four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer

that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

1. German, spoken by just over 100 million people, is one of the world's ten-largest languages __ population.

A. in place of

B. by means of

C. in terms of

D. by way of

2. Four score and seven years ago our fathers __ on this continent a new nation.

A. brought out

B. brought forth

C. brought about

D. brought up

3. The taxi had to because the traffic light had turned red.

A. set up

B. catch up

C. shut up

D. pull up

4. There are no extremes of temperature on South Island. Summers are warm, not

hot, and winters are brisk __ freezing.

A. in spite of

B. other than

C. rather than

D. regardless of

5. After we had been in the village for a few months, we so liked it that we decided

to settle there

A. in turn

B. for good

C. as usual

D. at most

6. Generous public funding of basic science would __ considerable benefits for

the country's health, wealth and security.

A. result from

B. lie in

C. lead to

D. figure out

7. Although I spoke to him many times, he never took any __ of what I said.

A. notice

B. warning

C. observation

D. attention

8. Our company decided to __ the contract because a number of the conditions

in it had not been met.

A. destroy

B. forbidden

C. assume

D. cancel

9. We'll visit Australia next year __ we have enough money.

A. provided

B. unless

C. until

D. lest

10. Scientists are about the formation of coal.

A. confidential

B. confer

C. confident

D. conform

11. William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, defended the right of every

citizen to freedom of choice in religion.

A. peculiarly

B. indifferently

C. vigorously

D. inevitably

12. The Great Wall is a famous tourist , drawing millions of visitors every year.

A. attention

B. attraction

C. appointment

D. arrangement

13. Purchasing the new production line will be a __ deal for the corporation.

A. profitable

B. tremendous

C. forceful

D. favorite

14. He felt a bit because her life seemed completely out of balance.

A. depressed

B. suppress

C. thoughtful

D. weakness

15. Some people wait for__ to come knocking. Some people sought it out.

A. necessity

B. opportunity

C. reality

D. probability

16. Some younger workers assume older workers can't keep __ with

fast-changing technology and business pressures.

A. pace

B. step

C. progress

D. touch

17. If things are going badly, the optimist acts quickly, looking for __ and

forming a new plan of action.

A. result

B. solutions

C. response

D. settlement

18. The lead pencil is the simplest, most and least expensive of all writing

instruments.

A. adaptable

B. comfortable

C. convenient

D. standard

19. Now insurance companies are near the top of the __ of the biggest business in

the United States.

A. chart

B. form

C. list

D. table

20. Sales-promotion methods, to be effective, should be with local preference.

A. consistent

B. continuous

C. considerate

D. continual II. Grammatical Structure

Directions: There are some incomplete sentences in this part. Beneath each sentence you will see Jbur choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer

that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

21. The old man soaked his hands in the cold water and __ to keep his head clear.

A. tried

B. trying

C. being tried

D. was tried

22. Smith was very busy last week. Otherwise he to see you.

A. came

B. would come

C. had come

D. would have come

23. With all the things she needed ~ she would leave the market for the streets

of the town to spend another hour.

A. buy

B. bought

C. buying

D. to have bought

24. I appreciated __ the opportunity to work abroad three years ago.

A. having been given

B. having given

C. to have been given

D. to have given

25. He has won the first place, __ is clear from the expressions on his face.

A. that

B. as

C. what

D. when

26. Only later what a terrible thing had happened.

A. they have realized

B. did they realize

C. they realized

D. they realize

27. __ planes in flight between airports, air traffic controllers rely on radar.

A. Tracked

B. To track

C. Being tracked

D. The tracking of

28. I wish Bob would drive us to the airport but he has __ to take us all.

A. very small a car

B. too small a car

C. a too small car

D. such a small car

29. He is taller than

A. any other boy in the class

B. any boy in the class

C. all boys in the class

D. you and me as well as the class

30. Physics as well as other subjects __ a science.

A. was

B. is

C. are

D. belong to

31. "I always get confused about tipping in this country."

"Usually you __ to leave 15 percent for a waiter or waitress. Taxi drivers

expect 10 or 15 percent, too."

A. ought

B. should

C. might

D. can

32. millions of galaxies exist in the vast space outside the Milky Way.

A. It is estimated that

B. An estimate that

C. That is estimated

D. That the estimate

33. As resident of Texas, Dennis __ to the House of Representatives in 1930 and

to the Senate in 1938.

A. when elected

B. elected

C. who was elected

D. was elected

34. The instructions are too clear on the bottle: These tablets __ they are able to

make about twenty different sounds.

A. will be kept

B. are to be kept

C. shall keep

D. shall have kept

35. Green have the power to make food from substances found in the air and

soil.

A. only plants

B. plants alone

C. the only plants

D. plants are alone

36. China and America are separated by __

A. Pacific Ocean

B. a Pacific Ocean

C. the Pacific Ocean

D. Pacific Oceans

37. "I don't like your attitude." "I don't care __

A. if or not you like it

B. whether you like it or not

C. do you like it or not

D. you like it or not

38. __ I go on holiday, I always seem to be unlucky with the weather.

A. Where

B. How

C. Whenever

D. While

39. Many live in Hawaii, more than __ of whose people boast on Asian or Polynesian heritage.

A. two-thirds

B. two-third

C. second-third

D. two-three

40. It is the earth's 40 mile deep crust with __ we are concerned when we seek

the cause of earthquake.

A. that

B. what

C. which

D. whom

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: There are 5passages in this section. Each passage is followed by 4

questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked

A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the

Answer Sheet.

Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage:

Scientists now believe that many, if not all, living things are born with some

type of hidden clock. These clocks are sometimes set by the number of hours of light

or darkness in a day, by the rhythm of the tides or by the seasons. One of the most remarkable of nature's living clocks belongs to the fiddler crab,

that familiar beach-dweller with the overgrown claw. Biologists have long known

that the crab's shell is darkest during the day, grows pale in late afternoon, then

begins to darken again at daybreak. This daytime darkening is valuable for

protection against enemies and sunlight, and for many years it was thought to be a

simple response by the crab to the sun--just as if we were to get a tan during the day

and lose it at night.

But when an enterprising scientist placed a fiddler crab in darkness, he was

amazed to find that the color of the crab's shell kept ticking off the time with the

same accuracy.

Yet another startling fact was revealed: the crab's shell reached the darkest color

about 50 minutes later each day. There was a second clock inside the crab, for the

tides also occur 50 minutes later from day to day. Moreover, even when the crabs

were taken from the beach and put back in the dark, they continued their tidal

rhythm. More research disclosed that a crab from Cape Cod, Massachusetts, reached

its darkest color four hours earlier than the one taken from a beach on a neighboring

island. The tides on the nearby island were found to be exactly four hours later than

the Cape Cod tides.

Birds also have built-in timepieces which send them off on fall and spring

migrations. What the birds really have is a clock-like mechanism which allows them

to time hours of darkness or light in each day.

But what sends birds northward again in the spring? New research by Dr. Albert

Wolfson of Northwestern University seems to indicate that the timing of return flight

is extraordinarily complex. In the fall of the year the short days and long nights

cause the "clocks" in migratory birds to undergo a kind of "winding" in preparation

for their spring return and breeding. Then during the late fall and winter as the clock

"ticks", certain physiological changes occur in the bird. The length of each day

during the winter determines how fast the clock will run, and hence when the

"alarm" will ring for the spring migration. The clock continues to run through

breeding time, then stops--to be re-wound again the next fall.

Scientists are now learning that many of the clocks of nature can be reset,

speeded up or slowed down--all for our benefit. Pioneering experiments at the U. S.

Department of Agriculture's research center in Beltsville, Maryland, have shown

that plants can be helped to develop faster in less time. By increasing or lessening

the hours of darkness in each day, the scientists have been able to mm plant growth

off and on like an electric switch.

New knowledge about nature's living clocks has practical applications. For man,

too, seems to follow daily rhythms. The amount of sugar in our blood stream varies

with the time of day, as does our temperature. More of the cells in our skin and

muscles divide during the night hours than during the day. By tinkering with the

clocks of plants and animals, scientists may learn more about the fascinating way

our bodies work.

41. Although scientists know that the number of hours of daylight controls the

actions of some living things, they know that this is not the only factor because

A. the fiddler crab's shell reached the darkest color at the same time in Cape

Cod, Massachusetts and its neighboring island

B. the fiddler crab continued to change color in the dark

C. plants will not grow without sunlight

D. all of the above

42. From this article we conclude that these rhythms in nature occur most spectacularly __

A. in the higher orders of living things

B. in the lower orders of living things

C. in birds and animals

D. in man

43. Scientists have learned to control to some extent the naturally rhythmical

activities of

A. migrating birds

B. growing plants

C. body cells

D. fiddler crabs

44. This article is basically __

A. informational

B. entertaining

C. inspirational

D. controversial

Questions 45 to 48 are based on the following passage:

There are several ways of listening that net us nothing but trouble, according to

Dr. Ralph Nichols of the University of Minnesota. If we recognize and try to

conquer them, we can step up our listening ability by about twenty-five percent and

thereby greatly increase our chances for success in our daily lives. Unless you are very unusual indeed, says Dr. Nichols, you must plead guilty to

several of the following bad listening habits:

Shut-Ear Listening: Maybe you feel you already know what the speaker is

going to say. Or his subject couldn't interest you less. You mm off your ears--and

who knows what you may be missing or when a little knowledge on that subject may come in mighty handy? Anyway, why take the risk?

Over-My-Head Listening: You are convinced that the subject is beyond you,

so you depart, at least in spirit. You may be right. And then again you may be wrong.

If you let the words enter your mind, you may be surprised to discover that they

make sense. But even if they are as strange as Greek to you, you should try to listen

and understand. Otherwise you may find some day that you must attempt to grasp an

over-your-head idea and be totally unable even to try.

Memory Test Listening: Some people think that trying to memorize a series of

facts is good listening. They are wrong. For instance, you are getting a story for your

school paper on an assembly speaker. He makes a series of points. You try to

memorize them. But while you are busy planting facts A, B, and C in your mind,

repeating them over and over, you are losing out on facts D and E. Better to look for

main ideas. You will find them more useful and easier to recall later. Take-It-All-Down Listening: When you try to get too many of the speaker's

words on paper, part of your mind must be concerned with your note-taking. You are

unable to concentrate fully on what he is saying. You risk losing valuable points.

Where note-taking is necessary--and you may be surprised to find out how often it

isn't if you concentrate fully on listening--try to jot down only a memory-jogging

word or two. Or put the main ideas on paper after the speaker has finished. The more

complete attention you give the speaker, the easier it will be to recall his ideas later.

Personality Listening: You become so concerned with the way the speaker

looks or how he talks that what he says fails to penetrate. Perhaps unconsciously you

decide that a person who dresses or speaks like that can't have much to say. That

could be a very false conclusion. Who knows what you may be missing? It's the old

story: you can't judge a gift by the package. Better to judge him after you have heard

him out.

So there are the forces--some within ourselves, some outside--that work

against us in our efforts to listen. But once we learn what they are and how to fight

them, we are well on our way to getting rid of wasteful listening habits.

45. The author suggests that it is a serious mistake

A. to ignore a speaker whose subject seems to be beyond you

B. to stop listening when the speaker's voice is not clear

C. to look away from the speaker

D. to do anything physical while listening

46. The author advises against

A. taking notes

B. trying to remember details rather than main ideas

C. listening too intently

D. reviewing the material after the speech is finished

47. Although this article is directed to the listener a speaker could conclude from it

that

A. he should never choose a controversial topic

B. he should speak as quickly as possible

C. humor is a necessary part of a good speech

D. his manner, actions, voice, and appearance should not attract unfavorable

attention

48. A person with several bad listening habits would be considered by Dr.

Nichols

A. hopeless

B. normal

C. a difficult case

D. lazy

Questions 49 to 52 are based on the following passage:

An important new industry, oil refining, grew after the Civil War. Crude oil, or

petroleum--a dark, thick ooze from the earth--had been known for hundreds of

years. But little use had ever been made of it. In the 1850's Samuel M. Kier, a

manufacturer in western Pennsylvania, began collecting the oil from local seepage

and refining it into kerosene. Refining, like smelting, is a process of removing

impurities from a raw material.

Kerosene was used to light lamps. It was a cheap substitute for whale oil, which

was becoming harder to get. Soon there was a large demand for kerosene. People

began to search for new supplies of petroleum.

The first oil well was drilled by E.L. Drake, a retired railroad conductor. In 1859

he began drilling in Titusville, Pennsylvania. The whole venture seemed so

impractical and foolish that onlookers called it "Drake's Folly." But when he had

drilled down about 70 feet (21 meters), Drake struck oil. His well began to yield 20

barrels of crude oil a day.

News of Drake's success brought oil prospectors to the scene. By the early

1860's these wildcatters were drilling for "black gold" all over western Pennsylvania.

The boom rivaled the California gold rush of 1848 in its excitement and Wild West

atmosphere. And it brought far more wealth to the prospectors than any gold rush.

Crude oil could be refined into many products. For some years kerosene continued to be the principal one. It was sold in grocery stores and door-to-door. In

the 1880's and 1890's refiners learned how to make other products such as waxes

and lubricating oils. Petroleum was not then used to make gasoline or heating oil.

49. What is the best title for the passage?

A. Oil Refining: A Historical Perspective

B. The California Gold Rush: Get Rich Quickly

C. Private Property: Trespassers Will Be Prosecuted

D. Kerosene Lamps: A Light in the Tunnel

50. According to the passage, many people initially thought that E. L. Drake had

made a mistake by

A. going on a whaling expedition

B. moving to Pennsylvania

C. searching for oil

D. retiring from his job

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51. Why does the author mention the California gold rush?

A. To explain the need for an increased supply of gold

B. To indicate the extent of United States mineral wealth

C. To describe the mood when oil was first discovered

D. To argue that gold was more valuable than oil

52. The author mentions all of the following as possible products of crude oil

EXCEPT.

A. gasoline

B. kerosene

C. wax

D. plastic

Questions 53 to 56 are based on the following passage:

Supervisors Quarterly Meeting

October 25

8:32 -- VP Hamilton begins the meeting and notes that six people are present.

8:35 -- Hamilton gives quarterly performance briefing by department. Human Resources: The number of employee complaints this quarter was

very low. Employee satisfaction events have been very successful.