翻译试卷2008年10月
2008年10月广东省高等教育自学考试 翻译 问卷 （课程代码 8266） 考生注意：1.答案必须写在答卷上，写在问卷上无效。 2. 考试时间150分钟。
Ⅰ.Translate the following sentences into Chinese. You are required to use the translation techiques (for the part in bold) indicatied in the brackets。（20%）
1. A causeless event or thing, we cannot think of any more than we can of a atick with only one end.(增词法) 2. He had left a note of welcome for me, as sunny as his face.（选词法） 3. I am afraid I can’t teach you swimming. I think my little brother is a better teacher than I am.(转换法) 4. It won’t be long before we’ll be making such planes ourselves.(正反翻译法) 5. She opened the door and her heart to the homeless boy.(引申法) 6. Some take no thought of money until they come to an end of it, and many do the same with their time.（重复法） 7. The gospel of making a fortune is no more true than what I tell you.(比较结构)
Ⅱ.Translate the following sentences into English. You are required to use the translation techniques indicated in the brackets.(20%) 8. 不错，有了自己的孩子使他们的造反冲动收敛了许多。（主语的确定） 9. 这些原则一直是我们民族的精神支柱。（选词法） 10. 人民犯了法，也要受到惩罚。（被动语态的翻译） 11. 他在言行中一丝不苟。（正反翻译法） 12. 总统明天准备乘坐专机前往上海参观访问。（转换法） 13. 医生愁容满面，事情可能很严重。（调整结构） 14. 农业的根本出路在于机械化。（转换法）
Ⅲ. Translate the following English passage into Chinese.(30%) 15. In spite of the title, this article will really be on how not to grow old, which, at my time of life, is a much more imoortant subject. My first advice would be to choose your ancestors carefully. Although both my parents died young, I have done well in this respect as regards my other ancestors. My maternal grandfather, it is true, was cut off in the flower of his youth at the age of sixty-seven, but my other three grandparents all lived to be over eighty. Of remoter ancestors I can only discover one who did not live to a great age, and he died of a disease which is how rare, namely, having his head cut off. A great-grandmother of mine, who was a friend of Gibbon, lived to the age of ninety-two, and to her last day remained a terror to all her descendants.
Ⅳ.Translate the Chinese passage into English.(30%) 16. 据报道，上海已正式提出申办2010年世界博览会，世博会不同于一般意义的贸易性博览会。主要参展者为各政府和国际组织。它是展示世界各国社会、经济、文化、科技成就和发展前景的舞台，是各国人民交流经验、相互学习、开展合作的盛会有“经济、科技、文化领域内的奥林匹克盛会”之称的世博会，每5年举办一次。自1851年再英国伦敦第一次举办以来，一直在发达国家举行。如果此次上海申办成功，中国将成为第一个举办世界博览会的发展中国家。举办世博会对中国的影响将是十分积极的。 2008年10月广东省高等教育自学考试 翻译试题答案及评分参考
Ⅰ.Translate the following sentences into Chinese. You are required to use the translation techiques (for the part in bold) indicatied in the brackets。（20%） 1. 我们不可能设想有哪件事情是无缘无故产生的，就像我们不可能设想有哪根棍子会只有一头一样。 2. 他留下一封短信，对我表示欢迎；那信得字里行间热情洋溢，一如其人。 3. 我未必会教你游泳。我想我的小弟弟比我教得好。 4. 不久我们自己就要生产这种飞机了。 5. 她为这个无家可归的男孩打开了自家的房门，同时也向可怜的孩子敞开了爱心。 6. 少数人要等到钱用完了才考虑到钱的问题；而大多数人则要等到时间用完了才考虑到时间的宝贵。 7. 你们所说的致富之道跟我讲的一样是靠不住的。
Ⅱ.Translate the following sentences into English. You are required to use the translation techniques indicated in the brackets.(20%) 8. Ture, parenthood has tamed their rebellious impuleses. 9. These princioles hace nourished the soul of our nation. 10. When anyone among the people breaks the law, he too should be punishen. 11. He is very scrupilous about every detail in what he says or does. 12. The president prepares to go to Shanhai by his special plane for a visit tomorrow. 13. The doctor’s worried face was a straw in the wind. 14. The key to agriculture is mechanization.
Ⅲ. Translate the following English passage into Chinese.(30%) 15. 题目虽然这样写，实际上本文所要谈的却是人怎样才可以不老。对于像我这样年纪的人来说，这个问题就更是重要得多了。我的头一条忠告是，你可得挑选好你的先人啊。我的父母年纪轻轻就去世了，可是说到祖辈，我还是选得不错的，我外祖父固然是在风华正茂之年就弃世了，当时他只有六十七岁，但是我的祖父、祖母和外祖母却都活到了八十以上。再往远一点说，在我的先人之中，我发现只有一位活得不长，他得了一种现在已不多见的病，那就是头让人砍掉了。我的一位曾祖母，和吉本是朋友，活到了九十二岁，她直到临终都使儿孙望而生畏。
Ⅳ.Translate the Chinese passage into English.(30%) 16. It is reported that Shanhai has officially bid for the 2010 World Exposition. Unlike a trade fair in the usual sense, participants in the World Exposition are mainly governments of warious countries and international organizations. The World Exposition is an arena for the participating countries to display the achievements and prospects in their social, economic, cultural and technological sectors and achievements and prospects in their social, economic, cultural and technological sectors and a grand event where people from warious countries gather together to exchange experiences, learn from one another and erter into cooperation. Known as the “ econmic, technological and cultural Olympic Games”, the World Exposition is held every five years. Since its inception in London in 1851, the World Exposition has been invariably held in developde countries. If Shanhai wins the bid this time, China will be the first deceloping country to host the World Exposition. Hosting the Exposition will have a positive impact on China.
10月翻译资格二级英语口译实务试卷及答案
10月翻译资格二级英语口译实务试卷及答案The Certificate of English Interpretation: Level ⅡNow please listen to the instructions for this exam. I'll give you a brief introduction before each part of the exam begins and leave you enough time to do the interpreting.Each part is divided into a number of segments and at the start of each segment you will hear this tone. At each pause where you are expected to start interpreting, you'll also hear this tone .You'll hear each segment only once.Let's start with Part 1.Part 1 Consecutive Interpretation: English to ChineseIn this part you will hear a speech delivered in English by an American official at the Seminal" onInternational Trade Conflict and Public Relations. Please interpret this speech into Chinese.Let's begin.Ladies and Gentlemen,Recent polls show that the majority of Americans actually do believe that Sino-American relationship, bothpolitically and economically, is vitally important. Please allow me to offer some suggestions on what we can dotogether to cultivate our relationship, and to continue the progress of the last years so that we can work towardseducating our policymakers and citizens about the benefits of free trade to our economies.First, we must seek out opportunities to continue the exchange of views between our two countries.We must encourage students to study abroad--here I must admit we have a much harder time to getAmericans to travel than our friends in China. We should also urge the exchanges of academics,scientists and artists.Second, we need more exchange of business leaders. I recall the Fortune Global Forum that was held inShanghai in 1999, where more than 800 representatives, including 300 Chairmen, presidents and CEOs fromthe world's leading multinationals came to China to meet with over 200 Chinese entrepreneurs to exchangeopinions and share the experiences that affect their businesses.Third, I would urge you to come to the United States to learn about the factors thatshape Americanthinking and the formulation of its policies. Ask your friends and contacts to make introductions for you tomeet with business leaders and policymakers.Fourth, explore opportunities to invest in the United States. American legislators respond to nothingmore than to their constituents. Many of you already have subsidiaries in the US Here, the Haier Groupcomes to mind. Haier has invested over $15 million in a building in New York and over $40 million inCamden, South Carolina, employing significant numbers of Americans. We need to work together tomake sure that policymakers understand that our bilateral trade relationship is beneficial to both of oureconomies. This is a pattern that the Japanese used in the 1970s and 1980s to develop markets as well asto exert influence.Finally, we should work together to make the APEC viable again. We defined in 1994 that we would reach free trade among many APEC nations by the year 2005. We have lost momentum. China and the USshould work together to reinvigorate the APEC process.Let me conclude by saying that Sino-American relations are the best they have ever been. We have beenable to collaborate on important political and security matters that are vital to the well-being of our peoples.Our economic interests are closely linked as well. China and the US both seek economic growth and stability.Although we may choose to pursue our interests through different policies, we strive to liberalize our marketsand provide businesses with transparent and predictable access for goods and services.The stability of our relations is much like the stability of a three-legged stool. The legs consist ofstrategic, political, and economic relations. If anyone of the legs is either missing or weak, the stool isunstable and is in danger of collapsing. It is our responsibility to maintain the strength of these legs.That's the end of Part 1. Now we move on to Part 2.Part 2 Consecutive Interpretation: Chinese to EnglishIn this part you will hear a speech delivered in Chinese by a Chinese official at the 2005 Fortune GlobalForum. Please interpret this speech into English.Let's begin.尊敬的来宾，女士们，先生们：早上好! 我很高兴来参加《财富》全球论坛，也很荣幸在此与大家交流一下我的看法。
南京大学在职硕士联考2008年10月
2008年10月在职硕士联考英语真题B卷Part I Dialogue Communication (15 minutes, 15 points)Section A Dialogue Completion1. Speaker A: Here’s a gift for you. I bought it in China.Speaker B:___________A How much did it cost?B Wow, it is great! Thank you.C It must be very expensive.D Sorry to have bothered you.2. Speaker A: Can you tell me something about your company?Speaker B:________. Our company was established in 1953. We produce a wide variety of electronic equipment,A I am glad.B Good idea.C You are welcome.D My pleasure.3. Speaker A: Aren’t you excited about your new job?Speaker B: ____, but it’s too demanding.A It’s OK.B I am fine.C Sure I am.D I think so.4. Woman: I’ve just been reading through your last project report.Man: I hope you did n’t find much wrong in it.5. Speaker A: Could you pass me the jobs page?Speaker B:_______A What’s the matter with you?B Why should I ?C You don’t have to ask.D Sure, here you are.Section B Dialogue Comprehension6. Man: Jennifer is really pretty, isn’t she? Her skin looks so baby smooth!Woman: Well, it’s just that she puts lots of make-up on her face. Actually natural beauty comes from within.Man: Ah, I can smell jealousy in the air!Question: What does the man imply?A The woman looks ugly.B The woman had a bitter feeling.C The woman should apologize.D The woman was upset.7. Man: My father can do cooling carpentry, and a bit of gardening.Woman: He’s a Jack of all trades, really.Question: What does the woman mean?A The man’s fathe r has talent in trade.B The man’s father works for Jack.C The man’s father has many different skills.D The man’s father does many jobs at the same time.8. Woman: I want to try something new in the project. What’s your opinion?Man: Well, I prefer to go by the book. At least it is safer, isn’t it?Question: What does the man suggest?A Strictly obeying the established rules.B Trying something new from the book.C Testing a new but safer method.D Learning a new method through practice.9. Man: The competition is increasingly fierce. What shall we do next?Woman: If other companies lower their prices, we’ll have to follow suit.Question: What does the woman suggest?A Doing the same as other companies have doneB Producing the same suits as other companies.C Fighting against other by cutting down the cost.D Working out other policies to compensate foe the loss.10. Woman: I am upset. You told my boss I had a part-time job?Man: I am sorry. I couldn’t help it.Question: What does the man mean?A He couldn’t help the woman at all.B He couldn’t hold back the secret.C He couldn’t possibly tell the boss.D He couldn’t decide who told the boss.P art II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)11. According to the Constitution, any national agreement has to be ____ by a two-thirds majority in parliament.A approachedB appointedC approvedD appreciated12. The issue of e-commerce did not ____ any detailed discussions at the conference.A take delight inB give rise toC give way toD take advantage of13. Can you ____ an insect having eight eyes and still having poor eyesight?A imagineB supposeC thinkD expect14. Fingerprints from an unchangeable ____ despite changes in the individual’s appearance or age.A markB signC remarkD signature15. I think their plan will work, but they themselves are very ____ about it.A certainB suspiciousC confidentD doubtful16. His failure to pay his debts ____ their opinion that he was not to be trusted.A confirmedB checkedC convincedD tested17. Our government strongly holds the principle that we will _____ be the first to use nuclear weapons.A by my meansB by all meansC by no meansD by every means18. The two soldiers spent many years together, fighting ____ and sharing their victories and disappointments.A face to faceB side by sideC back to backD step by step19. Being aware of the potential objections, they launched a ____ reform at the beginning stage.A humbleB modestC timidD middle20. The union threatened a strike but called it ____ at the last minute.A offB outC backD up21. A new material ____, we have good reason to be optimistic.A developedB being developedC was being developedD was developed22. It is illegal in some countries that children ____ unattended at home.A be leftB leftC are leavingD being left23. On the large board in the main hall of the airport, you can easily find the different destinations ____ which airlines can take you.A inB ofC toD by24. No unfit actually faced with water scarcity ____ appreciate the value of water to a region.A one canB one cannotC can oneD cannot one25. Most people don’t think of a stamp as a receipt, but that is ____ it really is – a proof of just bow much money you have paid in advance for mail delivery.A whatB whyC howD who26. Without water from the Nile River, Egypt ____ a farming country and become a desert.A will cease to beB would cease to beC will cease beingD would cease being27. Although he refused to act on my suggestion, he had to admit that ____ what I said.A it was something inB there was something asC it was something asD there was something in28. There is little, ___ farming in that area and all you can see is miles of wild countryside.A if soB if suchC if notD if any29. In his lecture, the education expert emphasized the fact that nowadays, children are exposed to many influences ____ that of their families.A rather thanB other thanC except forD but for30. The singer on the stage has a young ____ face and a voice of an ____.A boy……angelB boy’s……angelC boy……angel’sD boy’s……angel’sPart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Passage OneWhen I saw the notice‖ Women film extras wanted‖ in a local newspaper, I jumped at the chance. Since childhood, I had dreamt of being a film star.The casting interview went well, and two days later I was told that I had been chosen. I was to lose some of my enthusiasm for the idea, however. Extras are often left in the dark for some time as to which role they will play. Finally, the nature of my role was revealed; I was asked to play a mental hospital patient.Despite my disappointment, I agreed to participate. Then, barely a week later, the day of filming dawned. All 13 of us extras, mainly housewives, were driven to an old hospital. The coffee and tea they served us looked and tasted like cement. Then we were rushed off to make-up. My hair was pinned back and make-up was applied that gave me a pale appearance. Then we just sat in a minibus for a few hours, as the cameras rolled elsewhere.After the second hour had passed I was becoming bored. I bet stars are never treated like this, I thought. I had expected to be so busy that I hadn’t come prepared for a long wait. Many of the others had brought a book or knitting.Three hours had now passed. Then at last we were called to do our scenes. When the director came in, we were instructed where to stand and what to do. Along with a few other, I was told to sit at a table and weave baskets. This was not an easy task. The cane(藤条)we had to use was verylong. On several occasions my basket fell apart in front of my very eyes. On others I only succeeded in hitting a cameraman in the eye.Life for the other extras was far from easy. Jean, who was barefoot, had to circle the floor. Poor Alice was asked to pretend to bang her head against the wall. Meanwhile, Veronica swept the floor.Thankfully, after just a few attempts, the scenes were done. And so my first taste of this ―glorious‖ career was over. Although I found the experience quite interesting, my first screen role will almost certainly be my last.31. The word ―extras‖ used in this story mean, people who____.A have little experience of actingB play unimportant parts in a filmC pretend to be film starsD need a part-time job32. According to the story, which of the following statements is true about the author?A She didn’t refuse the role assigned to her although she didn’t like it.B She understood clearly that most film stars used to be extras.C Unlike other women who were reading or knitting, she was busy with her scene.D The only thing she did well was to use the cane as a weapon.33. Alice, one of the 13 women extras, was probably playing the role of____.A a doctor working in the mental hospitalB a nurse who was helping her patientsC another housewife busy with her workD another patient with mental problem34. The best title for this story could be ____.A On CameraB In FashionC A Fancy DreamD A Great CareerPassage TwoSome of the most popular attractions across America are the many free concerts offered to the public throughout the year. These involve not only amateur performers, but professional artists as well. The public parks of many cities across the country usually have bandstands and large lawns. As a service to citizens, they rent out space to performers free of charge. Amateur groups, with nothing more than a desire to perform. Offer their talents freely to the public. Semi-professional artists are pleased to get the chance to perform before the public to perfect their craft and nurture the hope of being discovered before beginning a professional career. Famous professionals also give free concerts to make contact with their admiring fans. Often such concertsare sponsored by a large corporate organization, and offered to the public free of charge as a cultural service and support for the arts.The free concerts feature all kinds of music from rock and roll, jazz, country-western to the classics. In addition, free performances may include the plays of Shakespeare or experimental theater of modern dramatists. In New York’s Central Park there has long been a summer Shakespeare festival which draws huge crowds to the free performances.Of these concerts the ones held on a summer evening in the park are the most popular. They take on a festive air. Friends and groups gather together after work and spread out a blanket on the lawn facing the performers’ stage. The early comers get the best locations and enjoy a picnic supper while it is still daylight. The free seating is on a first come basis. Therefore, by the time the concert begins, as many as five thousand or more people may be in attendance. The concerts usually begin at 8 p.m. and are performed under the stars. The sound is made sufficiently loud so that no matter where one chooses to sit, he can heat very well. The only disturbance may be the sound of an overhead airplane on its final approach to an airport or the far-off siren(警笛声) of and ambulance on its way to the hospital. This matters little! What counts is to soak up the atmosphere created by the music and to be with friends in the fresh open air. The best part of it all is that it’s free!36. Many American parks give free concerts on their lawns because they ____.A have the necessary facilitiesB can attract more visitorsC want to serve the publicD are in a position to invite musicians37. The concerts in parks are often financially supported by ____.A the parks themselvesB big organizationC professional musiciansD music fans38. For semi-professional artists, performing before the public is a good chance ____.A to improve themselves in their careerB to help train amateur performersC to make friends with superstarsD to get involved in profitable business39. The concerts can attract so many people mainly because_____.A the attendants don’t have to payB the seating is on a first basisC they provide free picnic supperD they are held in the open air40. The phrase ―soak up‖ in the last Para. probably means____.A absorbB warm upC enjoyD use upPassage ThreeLibraries form a vital part of the world’s systems of communication and education. They make available knowledge accumulated through the ages. People in all walks of life use library resources in their work. People also turn to libraries to satisfy a desire for knowledge or to obtain material for leisure time activity. In addition, many people enjoy book discussion, concerts, film programs, lectures, story hours, and a variety of other activities provided by libraries. Libraries also play an important role in preserving a society’s cultural heritage(遗产)。
08年英语翻译
西南政法大学2008年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题学科专业：外国语言学及应用语言学考试科目：809 翻译（150分）考生注意：请在答题纸上答题，在试卷上答题不给分。
试卷和答题纸同时交回，否则成绩无效。
Translate the following three passages in Chinese. (75%)Passage IIn the distance we could see half a dozen cars filled with other visitors. They had gathered in the circle at the bottom of a stream. We bumped over the rocks toward them. There in the long grass about twelve feet away two other lionesses and eight cubs were playing. This is the kind of scene that has made Nairobi Park famous. It is hard to believe that one can get so close.Both mothers were lying on their backs with their paws in the air. The cubs were pretending to fight them. The younger ones were not very clever at this game. They came stalking through the long grass with great interest. Then, just as they were about to pounce(猛扑), something would catch their attention. It might be another cub stealing up behind, or just a butterfly passing by on the breeze. They would prance on their hind legs, making wild swipes (猛击) in the air or tumbling over each other. Their heads seemed at times just a bit too heavy for them to handle. Often their weak legs got hopelessly out of control.Passage IIBritain is also a member of the European Union and therefore subject to European Community law which is having and increasing impact on the British legal system. In the early days of the European Union, which it was known as the European Economic matters. European law was mainly concerned with economic matters. Many laws were aimed at breaking down the trade barriers between countries and ensuring fair competition. Nowadays the European Union is also increasingly involved in legislating on the rights of citizens. Some European laws are now directly effective which means they can be involved by citizens directly in British courts without Parliament needing to pass new legislation.In addition, Britain is in the process of incorporating the European Convention of Human Rights into domestic law which will enable people to take human rights cases through the courts in Britain, rather than through the much longer process of theEuropean Court of Human Rights.Passage IIIGreat nations of the world are moving toward democracy through the door to freedom. Men and women of the world move toward free markets through the door to prosperity. The people of the world agitate for free expression and free thought through the door to the moral and intellectual satisfaction that only liberty allows.We know what works: Freedom works. We know what's right: Freedom is right. We know how to secure a more just and prosperous life for man on Earth: through free market, free speech, free elections, and exercise of free will unhampered by the state.For the first time in this century, for the first time in perhaps all history, man does not have to invent a system by which to live. We don't have to talk late into the night about which form of government is better. We don't have to wrest justice from the kings. We only have to summon it from within ourselves.Chinese to English (共75分)Part I Sentence TranslationPut the following into English (各3分，共15分)1．战争是民族与民族、国家和国家、阶级和阶级、政治集团和政治集团之间相互斗争的最高形式。
2008湖北翻译大赛决赛试题（非英15）
2008湖北翻译大赛决赛试题（非英15）湖北省第十五届外语翻译大赛英语非专业组决赛试题评分姓名：学校（院、系）电话、手机Part I Translate the following sentences into Chinese (50%)1.I began life as the son the Italian immigrants, and I worked my way up to the presidencyof the Ford Motor Company. When I finally got there, I was on top of the world.2.It is very easy to bring some books from the bookstores and libraries, but to learn theknowledge in the books and put the knowledge into practice is by no means an easy job.3.Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they woulddevour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals.4.I am willing to take work home with me when I have the time. But when he asked me towork late at the office every night of last week, that really was the limit.5.On the marble fireplace in the mathematics building at Princeton University is carved, inthe original German, wha t one might call his (Ei nstein’s) scientific credo: “God is subtle, but he is not malicious.”6.Long, anxious days passed, during which I hoped that Dave would see that white was notalways white nor black always totally black. Time was running out: his decision could not be indefinitely postponed.7.When Stephen was introduced to the old couple, they said simply, “We’re read yourarticle. We expected to meet an older man.”8.Aristotle could have avoided the mistake of thinking that women have fewer teeth thanmen, by the simple device of asking Mrs. Aristotle to keep her mouth open while he counted.9. One of my best speeches was delivered in Hyde Park in torrents of rain to six policemensent to watch me, plus only the secretary of the society that had asked me to speak, who held an umbrella over me.10.Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; fortheyteach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation.Part II Translate the following passage into English (50%)我们的一生中，交换无时无刻无处不在。
北京新东方唐静：08考研英语翻译题答案及分析
试题来源和参考答案 该试题来源于Mayo W. Hazeltine写的⼀篇关于达尔⽂“在现代科学中的地位”的学术评论。
原⽂长达8686个英语词。
经过命题专家的改编之后，成为了⼀篇经典的考研翻译⽂章。
以下是英语原⽂和今年翻译试题原⽂的简单⽐对，以及我给的⼀个⽐较合理的译⽂。
⼤概⽤了10分钟翻译完，⽐较马虎，没有详细斟酌，或许还有⼀点点瑕疵，请⼤家参考。
in his autobiography. He points out that he always experienced much difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely， but he opines （命题专家改写为believes）that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence， and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations. 他相信，正是这种困难或许能够扬长避短，以使他能长时间专注的思考每⼀个句⼦；因此，使他能在推理中和⾃⼰的观察中发现⾃⼰的缺点。
or in those of others. He disclaimed the possession of any great quickness of apprehension or wit， such as distinguished Huxley. He protested（命题专家改写为asserts）， also， that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited， for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with metaphysicsor（命题专家把这两个单词给删除了，使试题不超出⼤纲） mathematics. 他还断⾔，在深⼊理解冗长且完全抽象的观点上，他的能⼒受到了局限。
2008年10月高自考英语写作试题--及答案
（课程代码： 0603 ）I. Supply the missing paragraph (20 points)The following passage is incomplete with one body paragraph missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words. Make sure that your tone and diction are in unity with the passageprovided.Different Types of ParentsIt is universally true that all parents in the world love their children.However, as parents' views of life vary, they love their children indifferent ways. Generally speaking, in terms of how they treat their children, parents fall into three basic types: autocratic, democratic, andpermissive.The autocratic parent's word is the law. He always sets rules, expecting complete obedience from his children. He assumes that he knows what is best for his children and that they will learn discipline and respect for authority from his orders. He does not realize that he may not know best and that rules without mercy may breed contempt for authority. If the child came home late from a party because a major accident on the highway tied up traffic for miles, this parent would not allow the child to explain his reasons for being late. The child would be immediately punished. This kind of parent probably has good intentions, wanting his child to grow up “right,” but his approach to the task may lead toconflicts.The democratic parent is not so strict. He is willing to discuss rules with his children and listen to their side of an argument. If his child came home an hour late from a party, he would listen to the explanation instead of punishing the child immediately. In general, the democratic parent lays down fewer rules than his autocratic counterpart because he realizes children must learn certain things in life on their own. He prefers to play the role of an advisor and is always available when his children needhelp.____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________Too few people with children are democratic parents, which is the best of the three types. Too much or too little authority often breedsdisrespect and resentment. A good parent should offer guidance and advice; he should not try to rule his children or disregard his childrencompletely.Ⅱ. Write an outline (20 points)Read the following passage carefully and compose a “topic outline”for it.The Human BrainFor centuries, people wondered about how the human brain works. Researchers were particularly concerned about its structure and functions. It was not long ago that scientists made the remarkable discovery that our brains are divided into two halves—left brain and right brain, and thateach half has separate features and roles.The left brain is said to be the logical brain. It is the left brain that we use to solve mathematical problems and to think logically. For example, if you are asked how to make coffee, this is what happens. Your left brain begins to work; it searches its files for information on coffee making. If it finds the files, it begins relating what to do step by step. If it does not findany record, it says it does not know.The right brain is often called the creative brain. It has the function of thinking creatively. This contains all the artistic functions, including art and music appreciation. When you want to draw a picture or compose apiece of music or write poetry, it is the right brain that is in operation. When you come across a new situation in your life, your right brain givesideas on how to tackle it.To some people, the left brain is dominant and to others, the right brain is. Of people who are good in mathematics and language expression—that is, putting into practice what they have learnt, we say that they are more left-brained. They are not very sensitive and believe in doing everything only after reasoning. They are very sharp at arguments.They are the type who will not believe in anything until they see it. Right-brained people are more artistic and have a good sense of music appreciation. They are also more sensitive and tend to be emotional. They are more open to new ideas and are willing to accept radical positions.Is the left brain better or the right brain? Both sides of the brain are equally important. In an ideal situation, a person should be exactly equal in both sides of the brain. However, as in most things, the ideal never happens. People are dominated by one or the other side of their brains. In order to function effectively in the world, we must learn to use both sides of the brain. In many situations that we meet in the world, there will be requirements for both sides of the brain to work together as partners. For example, when you want to write a story, which brain do you use? The answer is both brains. You need the right brain to think of the ideasand you need the left side to arrange everything in a logical sequence.You cannot go through life with only one side functioning.It's fundamentally important for people to know these interesting facts about the human brains. However, many aspects concerning our brains still remain unknown. With scientists' persistent efforts, more secrets ofthe human brain will be revealed.____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ⅲ. Compose an essay (60 points)Nowadays, some traditional beliefs and customs tend to be less valued. Choose one such belief or custom and explain why you think it should be continued or maintained. Write a 300-word argumentativeessay defending your views._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________2008年10月高等教育自学考试英语写作试题答案及评分标准（课程代码： 0603 ）I: Supply the missing paragraph.（20分）The permissive parent has no rules for his children and offers little guidance. Frequently, this parent is too busy to take time with his children and leaves them to T V、school and chance. He allows his children to come and go as they please .He doesn’t care what they do or he thinks they must learn to set their own rules. This parent doesn’t understand that allyoung people need guidance because when they grow up, they will have to abide by rules of society. Not learning to respect order early may cause the children to resent the rules everyone must obey.【评分参考】1.第一部分满分20分，按四个档次给分。
2008年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
2008年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(二) 试卷(课程代码0015)本试卷满分l00分，考试时间l50分钟。
Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(1 0 points，I point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。
1.He was specifically asked to write a play that would be ____ to the local community.A.flexibleB.accessibleC.responsibleD.capable2.It is strongly held that new ____ must be introduced to protect the rightof the immigrants.A.statisticsB.constructionsC.measuresD.concessions3.Country life is better than city life ____ it otters fresh al r and noiselessenvironment.A.in thatB.as thatC.as forD.in which4.Opposition leaders will be watching carefully to see how the Prime Minister____ the crisis.A.handlesB.conductsC.observesD.directs5.It took a few seconds for her eyes to ____ to the darkness.A.allocateB.adoptC.applyD.adjust6.To write up his novel，John is looking for an environment free ____ outside distraction.A.onB.withC.fromD.in7. Johnson was ____ unknown before running for the presidency.A.visiblyB.visuallyC.verticallyD.virtually8.The volunteers would rather go by train than ____.A.to driveB.driveC.drivenD.to be driven9.Never before ____ so rapidly developing as it is today.A.has our country beenB.has been our countryC. our country has beenD.our country been has10.Police are ____ the disappearance of two children.A.looking upB.1ooking throughC.looking intoD.1ooking onⅡ.Cloze Test(10 points，1 point for each item)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。
全国2008年10月高等教育自学考试基础英语试题
全国2008年10⽉⾼等教育⾃学考试基础英语试题课程代码：00088请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上⼀、词汇应⽤和语法结构（本⼤题共30⼩题，每⼩题1分，共30分）（⼀）词汇应⽤（15分）选择答案完成句⼦，错选、多选或未选均⽆分。
1. He collected plenty of ______ for his new theory.A. thoughtsB. realitiesC. factsD. truth2. The young man was walking in the cold wind in his______ clothes.A. repairedB. wornC. woundedD. broken3. Bob lost his ______ and fell down from the ladder.A. temperB. balanceC. senseD. way4. You shouldn’t ______ your opinions on others.A. makeB. strikeC. forceD. impress5. Never ______a conclusion before you really know the truth.A. bringB. drawC. getD. take6. Silk ______ soft and smooth.A. showsB. patsC. feelsD. touches7. It’s getting warmer. It’s time to ______ your fur coat.A. put acrossB. put upC. put awayD. put down8. It is a beautiful car, but it is not ______ the price that I paid for it.A. valuableB. worthC. worthyD. fit9. I have been ______ with that company for several years.A. supplyingB. treatingC. concerningD. dealing10. It is not easy for one to get ______of a bad habit.A. clearB. freeC. releaseD. rid11. The good service at the hotel ______ the poor food to some extent.A. made up forB. made upC. made forD. made out12. The lift is out of ______ so we’ll have to walk.A. functionB. runningC. workD. order13. You can ______ my surprise when I heard the news.A. believeB. imagineC. thinkD. suppose14. He broke the world ______ for the 1000 meters.A. markB. levelC. standardD. record15. I’m sorry I didn’t______ catch you. Would you please say it once again?A. fairlyB. quiteC. muchD. very（⼆）语法结构（15分）选择答案完成句⼦，错选、多选或未选均⽆分。
讲解2008翻译题
本文由ｋｅｖｉｎ５１６０２２贡献 ｄｏｃ１。
考研翻译题 点评 ２００８ 考研翻译题 西安新东方 Ａｐｒｉｌ 贺莺 一，难度系数保持稳定： 难度系数保持稳定： 保持稳定 ２００８ 年翻译题，没有出现学生不熟悉的句式结构，没有过于复杂的句式结构，考到的 句法有：定语从句 ２ 次，宾语从句 ５ 次，倒装句式 １ 次．没有出现超纲词，高频靠点词反复 出现，如 ｄｅｔｅｃｔ， ｒｅａｓｏｎｉｎｇ， ａｓｓｅｒｔ， ｉｎｔｅｌｌｅｃｔ， ｍｏｒａｌ， ｂｅ ｃｏｎｖｉｎｃｅｄ．可见抓住以往真题复习的思 路是没有问题的．由于理解起来难度不大，只要把握好切句技巧，实现表达的通畅，应该是 可以拿到大部分的分数的． 难点依然在于部分多义词词义的确定， 但只要根据划线部分给出 的搭配，略微参照一下前一句话的表述，大部分词义均可迎刃而解． 总体来说， 句式复杂程度和根据语篇选取多义词词义方面来看， 难度系数与去年考题相 当． 二，逐题点评： 逐题点评： Ｉｎ ｈｉｓ ａｕｔｏｂｉｏｇｒａｐｈｙ， Ｄａｒｗｉｎ ｈｉｍｓｅｌｆ ｓｐｅａｋｓ ｏｆ ｈｉｓ ｉｎｔｅｌｌｅｃｔｕａｌ ｐｏｗｅｒｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｅｘｔｒａｏｒｄｉｎａｒｙ ｍｏｄｅｓｔｙ． Ｈｅ ｐｏｉｎｔｓ ｏｕｔ ｔｈａｔ ｈｅ ａｌｗａｙｓ ｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅｄ ｍｕｃｈ ｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔｙ ｉｎ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｎｇ ｈｉｍｓｅｌｆ ｃｌｅａｒｌｙ ａｎｄ ｃｏｎｃｉｓｅｌｙ， ｂｕｔ （４６） ｈｅ ｂｅｌｉｅｖｅｓ／／ ｔｈａｔ ｔｈｉｓ ｖｅｒｙ ｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔｙ ｍａｙ ｈａｖｅ ｈａｄ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｍｐｅｎｓａｔｉｎｇ ａｄｖａｎｔａｇｅ ｏｆ ｆｏｒｃｉｎｇ ｈｉｍ ｔｏ ｔｈｉｎｋ ｌｏｎｇ ａｎｄ ｉｎｔｅｎｔｌｙ ａｂｏｕｔ ｅｖｅｒｙ ｓｅｎｔｅｎｃｅ， ａｎｄ ｔｈｕｓ ｅｎａｂｌｉｎｇ ｈｉｍ ｔｏ ｄｅｔｅｃｔ ｅｒｒｏｒｓ ｉｎ ｒｅａｓｏｎｉｎｇ ａｎｄ ｉｎ ｈｉｓ ｏｗｎ ｏｂｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎｓ． ［词汇 其中 ｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔｙ 一词的理解可参考前一句话中的 ｍｕｃｈ ｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔｙ ｉｎ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｎｇ ｈｉｍｓｅｌｆ 词汇］ 词汇 ｃｌｅａｒｌｙ ａｎｄ ｃｏｎｃｉｓｅｌｙ， 也就是说这个 ｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔｙ 实际上指表达的障碍，即无法清楚准确地表述 自己的思想． ［句式结构 这句话考察的难点在于分词的理解， 后一个分词 ｅｎａｂｌｉｎｇ 表示结果． 句式结构］ 句式结构 ［翻译策略 翻译策略］ｃｏｍｐｅｎｓａｔｉｎｇ ａｄｖａｎｔａｇｅ 是其中比较难表达的词汇． 语言障碍是一种先天不足， 但 翻译策略 祸福相依，不足往往也会带来意外的收获，即对句子长时间专注地思考，这种收获是一种优 势，是对不足的一种弥补．翻译时不一定要直译． ［译文］但是达尔文认为这种障碍可能反过来也有益处，可能正是这种不足促使他深入认真地 思考每个句子，从而能够在推理和自己的观察中发现问题． （４７）Ｈｅ ａｓｓｅｒｔｅｄ， ａｌｓｏ，／／ ｔｈａｔ ｈｉｓ ｐｏｗｅｒ ｔｏ ｆｏｌｌｏｗ ａ ｌｏｎｇ ａｎｄ ｐｕｒｅｌｙ ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ ｔｒａｉｎ ｏｆ ｔｈｏｕｇｈｔ ｗａｓ ｖｅｒｙ ｌｉｍｉｔｅｄ， ／／ｆｏｒ ｗｈｉｃｈ ｒｅａｓｏｎ ｈｅ ｆｅｌｔ ｃｅｒｔａｉｎ ／／ｔｈａｔ ｈｅ ｎｅｖｅｒ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｈａｖｅ ｓｕｃｃｅｅｄｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｍａｔｈｅｍａｔｉｃｓ． ［词汇 ａｓｓｅｒｔ 词汇］ ＂断言， 声称＂Ｔｒａｉｎ ｏｆ ｔｈｏｕｇｈｔ，比喻的说法，一连串的思想＂Ｆｏｌｌｏｗ ｏｎｅ＇ｓ ｔｈｏｕｇｈｔ ． ＂ ． 词汇 或 ｆｏｌｌｏｗ ｏｎｅ＇ｓ ａｒｇｕｍｅｎｔ 指跟得上某人的思路， 能理解能明白． ［句式结构］ 这个句子是典型的考研句型，宾语从句套定语从句，套宾语从句．但是不难理 解． ［翻译策略 切句是关键．Ｈｉｓ ｐｏｗｅｒ ｔｏ ｆｏｌｌｏｗ ａ ｌｏｎｇ ａｎｄ ｐｕｒｅｌｙ ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ ｔｒａｉｎ ｏｆ ｔｈｏｕｇｈｔ 由于后 翻译策略］ 翻译策略 置定语过长，可考虑拆开，独立成句． ［译文 同时，他声称，对于冗长的纯抽象思维，自己的理解力十分有限，因此，他断言自 译文］ 译文 己绝不会在数学方面有所建树． （４８）Ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ｏｔｈｅｒ ｈａｎｄ， ｈｅ ｄｉｄ ｎｏｔ ａｃｃｅｐｔ ａｓ ｗｅｌｌ－ｆｏｕｎｄｅｄ ［ｔｈｅ ｃｈａｒｇｅ ｍａｄｅ ｂｙ ｓｏｍｅ ｏｆ ｈｉｓ ｃｒｉｔｉｃｓ ／／ ｔｈａｔ， ｗｈｉｌｅ ｈｅ ｗａｓ ａ ｇｏｏｄ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｒ， ／／ ｈｅ ｈａｄ ｎｏ ｐｏｗｅｒ ｏｆ ｒｅａｓｏｎｉｎｇ］． ［译文 另一方面，一些批评家指责他观察敏锐但无推理能力，他对此拒不接受，认为毫无 译文］ 译文 根据． ［词汇分析 词汇分析］其中 ｗｈｉｌｅ 这个词是近年的热门考点，我们在冲刺班反复强调的词汇考点，即考 词汇分析 研中只要出现 ｗｈｉｌｅ，十有八九表示让步关系翻译为＂虽然＂ ．而 ｒｅａｓｏｎｉｎｇ 系列词汇，ｒｅａｓｏｎ， ｒｅａｓｏｎｅｄ 也考过多次，只要认真听过课的同学应该能够翻译出来，翻译为＂推理＂ ． Ｗｅｌｌ－ｆｏｕｎｄｅｄ 这个词意为＂有根据的，言之有据的＂ ［句式分析］这句话是比较难翻的一句，难点在于倒装句式与同位语从句的套用．做题时一定 句式分析 句式分析 要注意先找准动词，完成切句，然后才能得出准确的分析（切句方法如上） ． 按正常的语序排列， 这句话应写为： ｄｉｄ ｎｏｔ ａｃｃｅｐｔ ｔｈｅ ｃｈａｒｇｅ ａｓ ｗｅｌｌ－ｆｏｕｎｄｅｄ． 其中 ｍａｄｅ ｂｙ ｈｅ ｓｏｍｅ ｏｆ ｈｉｓ ｃｒｉｔｉｃｓ 是过去分词作后置定语表示被动概念，这是我们考前反复强调的一个考研 翻译多年的考点． ｔｈａｔ ｗｈｉｌｅ ｈｅ ｗａｓ ａ ｇｏｏｄ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｒ， ｈｅ ｈａｄ ｎｏ ｐｏｗｅｒ ｏｆ ｒｅａｓｏｎｉｎｇ 这句是由 ｔｈａｔ 引导的同位语从 句，依然没有离开考研翻译的核心考点，即要求考生学会区分定语从句和同位语从句，从而 准确理解句意．这句话切分完毕后成为三段 Ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ｏｔｈｅｒ ｈａｎｄ， ｈｅ ｄｉｄ ｎｏｔ ａｃｃｅｐｔ ｔｈｅ ｃｈａｒｇｅ ａｓ ｗｅｌｌ－ｆｏｕｎｄｅｄ Ｔｈｅ ｃｈａｒｇｅ ｗａｓ ｍａｄｅ ｂｙ ｓｏｍｅ ｏｆ ｈｉｓ ｃｒｉｔｉｃｓ Ｔｈｅ ｃｈａｒｇｅ ｉｓ ｗｈｉｌｅ ｈｅ ｗａｓ ａ ｇｏｏｄ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｒ ｈｅ ｈａｄ ｎｏ ｐｏｗｅｒ ｏｆ ｒｅａｓｏｎｉｎｇ ［翻译策略 ｍａｄｅ ｂｙ ｓｏｍｅ ｏｆ ｈｉｓ ｃｒｉｔｉｃｓ 是过去分词作后置定语，因为不长所以可以考虑前置 翻译策略］ 翻译策略 到 ｃｈａｒｇｅ 前，这句话翻译为＂一些批评家对他的指责＂ ． 而 Ｈｅ ｗａｓ ａ ｇｏｏｄ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｒ 不一定要翻译为＂他是个好观察家＂ ，事实上，英文由于偏好静态 表述，这种句子通常表述的意思是 ｈｅ ｗａｓ ｇｏｏｄ ａｔ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｉｎｇ．再如：Ａｐｒｉｌ ｉｓ ａ ｇｏｏｄ ｄａｎｃｅｒ．这句 话应该翻译为＂Ａｐｒｉｌ 老师舞跳得好＂ ．而不应译为＂Ａｐｒｉｌ 老师是舞蹈家＂ 切句后直接得出的译文为＂他不接受／同意一些批评家对他的指责，认为（这些指责）毫无 根据，这些指责认为虽然他善于观察，但没有推理能力． ＂根据中文先因后果的表达顺序， 这句话语序可以进一步调整，先说指责是什么，然后给出达尔文的态度． （４９）Ｈｅ ａｄｄｓ ｈｕｍｂｌｙ ／／ｔｈａｔ ｐｅｒｈａｐｓ ｈｅ ｗａｓ ＂ｓｕｐｅｒｉｏｒ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｍｍｏｎ ｒｕｎ ｏｆ ｍｅｎ ｉｎ ｎｏｔｉｃｉｎｇ ｔｈｉｎｇｓ ／／ｗｈｉｃｈ ｅａｓｉｌｙ ｅｓｃａｐｅ ａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎ， ａｎｄ ｉｎ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｉｎｇ ｔｈｅｍ ｃａｒｅｆｕｌｌｙ．＂ ［词汇 ａｄｄ＂补充说＂ 词汇］ ，不能翻译为＂增加＂ ，ｔｈｅ ｃｏｍｍｏｎ ｒｕｎ ｏｆ ｍｅｎ 根据上下文，与伟人对 词汇 应的当然是普通人 ［译文一 他谦卑地补充道，或许自己＂和普通人比起来，更能够注意到那些别人不容易注 译文一］ 译文一 意到的东西，并且更能够对此加以详细地观察＂＂ ． ［译文二 他很谦虚地补充说，也许自己的＂过人之处仅仅在于能够注意到别人容易忽略的 译文二］ 译文二 事，并且能够对此认真观察． （５０）Ｄａｒｗｉｎ ｗａｓ ｃｏｎｖｉｎｃｅｄ ／／ ｔｈａｔ ｔｈｅ ｌｏｓｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅｓｅ ｔａｓｔｅｓ ｗａｓ ｎｏｔ ｏｎｌｙ ａ ｌｏｓｓ ｏｆ ｈａｐｐｉｎｅｓｓ， ｂｕｔ ｍｉｇｈｔ ｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｙ ｂｅ ｉｎｊｕｒｉｏｕｓ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｅｌｌｅｃｔ， ａｎｄ ｍｏｒｅ ｐｒｏｂａｂｌｙ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｍｏｒａｌ ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒ． ［选词 选词］这句话中的 ｂｅ ｃｏｎｖｉｎｃｅｄ 不是被动语态，而是形容词，相当于＂对…深信不疑＂ ．ｔａｓｔｅ 选词 这个词，是个一词多义，在这个上下文中指什么呢？这就要到前一句话中看看，结果发现前 一句中说 ｌｏｓｔ ｍｙ ｔａｓｔｅ ｆｏｒ ｐｉｃｔｕｒｅｓ ｏｒ ｍｕｓｉｃ， 原来这个 ｔａｓｔｅ 是 ＂品味， 鉴赏力＂ 的意思． Ｉｎｔｅｌｌｅｃｔ 考过多次，意为＂智力＂ ．Ｍｏｒａｌ ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒ 道德品质． ［翻译策略 Ｌｏｓｓ ｏｆ … 为 Ａ ｏｆ Ｂ 句型，可以考虑把 ｌｏｓｓ 译为动词． 翻译策略］ 翻译策略 整句话句式结构简单，难度系数较小．翻译时主要注意选词和表达． ［译文 译文］达尔文深信，丧失这些鉴赏力不仅会使人丧失快乐，而且可能损害智力，更有可能让 译文 人品德堕落． ［附原文］ Ｉｎ ｈｉｓ ａｕｔｏｂｉｏｇｒａｐｈｙ，Ｄａｒｗｉｎ ｈｉｍｓｅｌｆ ｓｐｅａｋｓ ｏｆ ｈｉｓ ｉｎｔｅｌｌｅｃｔｕａｌ ｐｏｗｅｒｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｅｘｔｒａｏｒｄｉｎａｒｙ ｍｏｄｅｓｔｙ． Ｈｅ ｐｏｉｎｔｓ ｏｕｔ ｔｈａｔ ｈｅ ａｌｗａｙｓ ｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅｄ ｍｕｃｈ ｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔｙ ｉｎ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｎｇ ｈｉｍｓｅｌｆ ｃｌｅａｒｌｙ ａｎｄ ｃｏｎｃｉｓｅｌｙ， ｂｕｔ （４６） ｈｅ ｂｅｌｉｅｖｅｓ ｔｈａｔ ｔｈｉｓ ｖｅｒｙ ｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔｙ ｍａｙ ｈａｖｅ ｈａｄ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｍｐｅｎｓａｔｉｎｇ ａｄｖａｎｔａｇｅ ｏｆ ｆｏｒｃｉｎｇ ｈｉｍ ｔｏ ｔｈｉｎｋ ｌｏｎｇ ａｎｄ ｉｎｔｅｎｔｌｙ ａｂｏｕｔ ｅｖｅｒｙ ｓｅｎｔｅｎｃｅ， ａｎｄ ｔｈｕｓ ｅｎａｂｌｉｎｇ ｈｉｍ ｔｏ ｄｅｔｅｃｔ ｅｒｒｏｒｓ ｉｎ ｒｅａｓｏｎｉｎｇ ａｎｄ ｉｎ ｈｉｓ ｏｗｎ ｏｂｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎｓ． Ｈｅ ｄｉｓｃｌａｉｍｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｐｏｓｓｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｏｆ ａｎｙ ｇｒｅａｔ ｑｕｉｃｋｎｅｓｓ ｏｆ ａｐｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｏｎ ｏｒ ｗｉｔ ｓｕｃｈ ａｓ ｄｉｓｔｉｎｇｕｉｓｈｅｄ Ｈｕｘｌｅｙ． （４７）Ｈｅ ａｓｓｅｒｔｅｄ， ａｌｓｏ， ｔｈａｔ ｈｉｓ ｐｏｗｅｒ ｔｏ ｆｏｌｌｏｗ ａ ｌｏｎｇ ａｎｄ ｐｕｒｅｌｙ ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ ｔｒａｉｎ ｏｆ ｔｈｏｕｇｈｔ ｗａｓ ｖｅｒｙ ｌｉｍｉｔｅｄ， ｆｏｒ ｗｈｉｃｈ ｒｅａｓｏｎ ｈｅ ｆｅｌｔ ｃｅｒｔａｉｎ ｔｈａｔ ｈｅ ｎｅｖｅｒ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｈａｖｅ ｓｕｃｃｅｅｄｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｍａｔｈｅｍａｔｉｃｓ． Ｈｉｓ ｍｅｍｏｒｙ， ｔｏｏ， ｈｅ ｄｅｓｃｒｉｂｅｄ ａｓ ｅｘｔｅｎｓｉｖｅ， ｂｕｔ ｈａｚｙ． Ｓｏ ｐｏｏｒ ｉｎ ｏｎｅ ｓｅｎｓｅ ｗａｓ ｉｔ ｔｈａｔ ｈｅ ｎｅｖｅｒ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｒｅｍｅｍｂｅｒ ｆｏｒ ｍｏｒｅ ｔｈａｎ ａ ｆｅｗ ｄａｙｓ ａ ｓｉｎｇｌｅ ｄａｔｅ ｏｒ ａ ｌｉｎｅ ｏｆ ｐｏｅｔｒｙ． （４８）Ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ｏｔｈｅｒ ｈａｎｄ， ｈｅ ｄｉｄ ｎｏｔ ａｃｃｅｐｔ ａｓ ｗｅｌｌ ｆｏｕｎｄｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｃｈａｒｇｅ ｍａｄｅ ｂｙ ｓｏｍｅ ｏｆ ｈｉｓ ｃｒｉｔｉｃｓ ｔｈａｔ， ｗｈｉｌｅ ｈｅ ｗａｓ ａ ｇｏｏｄ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｒ， ｈｅ ｈａｄ ｎｏ ｐｏｗｅｒ ｏｆ ｒｅａｓｏｎｉｎｇ． Ｔｈｉｓ， ｈｅ ｔｈｏｕｇｈｔ， ｃｏｕｌｄ ｎｏｔ ｂｅ ｔｒｕｅ， ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ ｔｈｅ ＂Ｏｒｉｇｉｎ ｏｆ Ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ＂ ｉｓ ｏｎｅ ｌｏｎｇ ａｒｇｕｍｅｎｔ ｆｒｏｍ ｔｈｅ ｂｅｇｉｎｎｉｎｇ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｅｎｄ， ａｎｄ ｈａｓ ｃｏｎｖｉｎｃｅｄ ｍａｎｙ ａｂｌｅ ｍｅｎ． Ｎｏ ｏｎｅ， ｈｅ ｓｕｂｍｉｔｓ， ｃｏｕｌｄ ｈａｖｅ ｗｒｉｔｔｅｎ ｉｔ ｗｉｔｈｏｕｔ ｐｏｓｓｅｓｓｉｎｇ ｓｏｍｅ ｐｏｗｅｒ ｏｆ ｒｅａｓｏｎｉｎｇ． Ｈｅ ｗａｓ ｗｉｌｌｉｎｇ ｔｏ ａｓｓｅｒｔ ｔｈａｔ ＂Ｉ ｈａｖｅ ａ ｆａｉｒ ｓｈａｒｅ ｏｆ ｉｎｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ， ａｎｄ ｏｆ ｃｏｍｍｏｎ ｓｅｎｓｅ ｏｒ ｊｕｄｇｍｅｎｔ， ｓｕｃｈ ａｓ ｅｖｅｒｙ ｆａｉｒｌｙ ｓｕｃｃｅｓｓｆｕｌ ｌａｗｙｅｒ ｏｒ ｄｏｃｔｏｒ ｍｕｓｔ ｈａｖｅ， ｂｕｔ ｎｏｔ， Ｉ ｂｅｌｉｅｖｅ， ｉｎ ａｎｙ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｄｅｇｒｅｅ．＂ （４９）Ｈｅ ａｄｄｓ ｈｕｍｂｌｙ ｔｈａｔ ｐｅｒｈａｐｓ ｈｅ ｗａｓ ＂ｓｕｐｅｒｉｏｒ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｍｍｏｎ ｒｕｎ ｏｆ ｍｅｎ ｉｎ ｎｏｔｉｃｉｎｇ ｔｈｉｎｇｓ ｗｈｉｃｈ ｅａｓｉｌｙ ｅｓｃａｐｅ ａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎ， ａｎｄ ｉｎ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｉｎｇ ｔｈｅｍ ｃａｒｅｆｕｌｌｙ．＂ Ｗｒｉｔｉｎｇ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｌａｓｔ ｙｅａｒ ｏｆ ｈｉｓ ｌｉｆｅ， ｈｅ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｏｐｉｎｉｏｎ ｔｈａｔ ｉｎ ｔｗｏ ｏｒ ｔｈｒｅｅ ｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｓ ｈｉｓ ｍｉｎｄ ｈａｄ ｃｈａｎｇｅｄ ｄｕｒｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｐｒｅｃｅｄｉｎｇ ｔｗｅｎｔｙ ｏｒ ｔｈｉｒｔｙ ｙｅａｒｓ． Ｕｐ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ａｇｅ ｏｆ ｔｈｉｒｔｙ ｏｒ ｂｅｙｏｎｄ ｉｔ ｐｏｅｔｒｙ ｏｆ ｍａｎｙ ｋｉｎｄｓ ｇａｖｅ ｈｉｍ ｇｒｅａｔ ｐｌｅａｓｕｒｅ． Ｆｏｒｍｅｒｌｙ， ｔｏｏ， ｐｉｃｔｕｒｅｓ ｈａｄ ｇｉｖｅｎ ｈｉｍ ｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒａｂｌｅ， ａｎｄ ｍｕｓｉｃ ｖｅｒｙ ｇｒｅａｔ， ｄｅｌｉｇｈｔ． Ｉｎ １８８１， ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ， ｈｅ ｓａｉｄ： ＂Ｎｏｗ ｆｏｒ ｍａｎｙ ｙｅａｒｓ Ｉ ｃａｎｎｏｔ ｅｎｄｕｒｅ ｔｏ ｒｅａｄ ａ ｌｉｎｅ ｏｆ ｐｏｅｔｒｙ． Ｉ ｈａｖｅ ａｌｓｏ ａｌｍｏｓｔ ｌｏｓｔ ｍｙ ｔａｓｔｅ ｆｏｒ ｐｉｃｔｕｒｅｓ ｏｒ ｍｕｓｉｃ．＂ （５０）Ｄａｒｗｉｎ ｗａｓ ｃｏｎｖｉｎｃｅｄ ｔｈａｔ ｔｈｅ ｌｏｓｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅｓｅ ｔａｓｔｅｓ ｗａｓ ｎｏｔ ｏｎｌｙ ａ ｌｏｓｓ ｏｆ ｈａｐｐｉｎｅｓｓ， ｂｕｔ ｍｉｇｈｔ ｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｙ ｂｅ ｉｎｊｕｒｉｏｕｓ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｅｌｌｅｃｔ， ａｎｄ ｍｏｒｅ ｐｒｏｂａｂｌｙ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｍｏｒａｌ ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒ。
翻译与写作2008
专业名称:英语语言文学、外国诰言学及应用语言学 考试科日:翻译与写作 (A)卷
苏 州 大 学二00八年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
I。Translatc the foIIowing passage into EngⅡsh。(40pts)
接读朋友的来信,尤其是远自海外犹带着异国'1云的航空信,的确是人生一
大快事,如果无须回信的话。回信是读信之乐的一大代价。久不回信
,屡
不回
信,接信之乐就会相对减少,以至于无,此时友情暂告中断,直到有一天在赎罪的心情下,你毅然回起信来。蹉跎了这么久,接信之乐早变成欠信之苦。我
便是这么一位累犯的罪人,交游千百,几乎每一位朋友都数得出我的前科来。英国诗人奥登曾说,他常常搁下重要的信件不回,躲在家里看他的侦探小说。王尔德有一次对朋友说:“我认得不少人,满怀光明的远景来到伦敦,但几个
月之后就整个崩溃了,因为他们有回信的习惯。”显然王尔德认为,要过好冂
子,就得戒除回信的恶习。可见怕回信的人,远不止我一个。
II。Tramslate the foⅡowing passage into ChiⅡese。(40pts)
Ho、v strange is thc Iot of us mortals! EaGh of us is hcre for a brief s°Journ;1or、vhat purpose
he kno、vs not, though he sometimes thinks he senses it, But 、vithout deeper renecti。n 。ne
kno、vs from da"yl"o that one exists for other peopleˉˉ6rst of all for those upon、vhoso sΠ1iles
and、veⅡˉbeing our o、vn happiness is、vhoⅡy depcndent,and then forthe many,unkno、vn to us,