E C Month report FEB.2009
中华人民共和国2009年国民经济和社会发展统计公报(英文)
Statistical Communiqué of the People's Republic of China on the 2009 National Economic and Social DevelopmentNational Bureau of Statistics of ChinaFebruary 25, 2010In 2009, under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the people of all nationalities of China, taking as the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of “Three Represents”, implemented earnestly the scientific approach to the economic and social development, carefully put into effect the proactive fiscal policy and moderately easy monetary policy, carried out the package of plans and policies aiming at dealing with the international financial crisis in an all round way, national economic performance recovered and posed to the good direction and all social undertakings achieved new progress.I. General OutlookIn 2009, the gross domestic product (GDP) of the year was 33,535.3 billion yuan, up by 8.7 percent over the previous year. Analyzed by different industries, the value added of the primary industry was 3,547.7 billion yuan, up by 4.2 percent, that of the secondary industry was 15,695.8 billion yuan, up by 9.5 percent and the tertiary industry was 14,291.8 billion yuan, up by 8.9 percent. The value added of the primary industry accounted for 10.6 percent of the GDP, dropped by 0.1 percentage point over that in the pervious year, that of the secondary industry accounted for 46.8 percent, down by 0.7 percentage point, and that of the tertiary industry accounted for 42.6 percent, up by 0.8 percentage point.The general level of consumer prices in China was down by 0.7 percent over the previous year. Of this total, the prices for food went up by 0.7 percent. The prices for investment in fixed assets were down by 2.4 percent. The producer prices for manufactured goods dropped by 5.4 percent, of which, the prices for means of production down by 6.7 percent, and for means of subsistence decreased by 1.2 percent. The purchasing prices for raw materials, fuels and power went down by 7.9 percent. The producer prices for farm products were down by 2.4 percent. The prices for means of agricultural production were down by 2.5 percent. The sales prices for housing in 70 large andmedium-sized cities were up by 1.5 percent, of which, that for new residential buildings went up by 1.3 percent, for second hand housing grew by 2.4 percent, and the prices for rental and leasing were down by 0.6 percent.Table 1: General Level of Consumer Prices in 2009Unit: % Item NationalAverage Urban Rural General level of consumer prices -0.7 -0.9 -0.3 Food 0.7 1.0 0.1 Of Which: Grain 5.6 5.7 5.5 Meat, poultry and related products -8.7 -8.5 -9.2Oil -18.3 -17.9 -18.8Fresh eggs 1.5 1.3 2.0Fresh vegetables 15.4 15.0 16.7Fresh fruits 9.1 9.0 9.5 Tobaccos and alcohols 1.5 1.7 1.3 Clothing -2.0 -2.2 -1.6 Household appliances and services 0.2 0.3 0.0 Medical, health and personal articles 1.2 1.1 1.5 Transportation and telecommunications -2.4 -2.7 -1.8-0.7 -1.2 0.6 Recreational, educational, cultural articles andservicesHousing -3.6 -4.6 -1.5At the end of 2009, the total of employed people in China numbered 779.95 million, 5.15 million more than that of 2008. Of this total, 311.20 million were employed in urban areas, a net increase of 9.10 million, a newly increase of 11.02 million. The urban unemployment rate through unemployment registration was 4.3 percent at the end of 2009, an increase of 0.1 percentage point over that of 2008.At the end of 2009, China’s foreign exchange reserves reached 2,399.2 billion US dollars, an increase of 453.1 billion US dollars as compared with that at the end of the pervious year. At the end of the year, the exchange rate was 6.8282 RMB to 1 USD, an appreciation by 0.1 percent over that at the end of 2008.In 2009, the total fiscal revenue reached 6,847.7 billion yuan, up by 11.7 percent or an increase of 714.7 billion yuan over that in the previous year. Of this total, the taxes collected in the whole year reached 5,951.5 billion yuan, up by 9.8 percent or an increase of 529.1 billion yuan over 2008.II. AgricultureIn 2009, the sown area of grain was 108.97 million hectares, an increase of 2.17 million hectares as compared with that in the previous year; the sown area of cotton was 4.95 million hectares, a decline of 800 thousand hectares; the sown area of oil-bearing crops was 13.60 million hectares, an increase of 760 thousand hectares; the sown area of sugar crops was 1.88 million hectares, a drop of 110 thousand hectares.The total output of grain in 2009 was 530.82 million tons, an increase of 2.11 million tons or up by 0.4 percent over the previous year. Of this total, the output of summer crops was 123.35 million tons, up by 2.2 percent, and that of theearly rice was 33.27 million tons, up by 5.3 percent over the previous year. The output of autumn grain was 374.20 million tons, a drop of 0.6 percent.In 2009, the output of cotton was 6.40 million tons, a decrease of 14.6 percent over the previous year, that of oil-bearing crops was 31.00 million tons, up by 5.0 percent and that of sugar crops was 122.00 million tons, a drop of 9.1 percent, that of tobacco was 2.80 million tons, up by 6.7 percent, and that of tea was 1.35 million tons, up by 7.1 percent.The total output of meat for the year reached 76.42 million tons, up by 5.0 percent. Of this total, the output of pork was 48.89 million tons, up by 5.8 percent, and that of beef and mutton was 6.36 and 3.89 million tons, up by 3.6 percent and 2.4 percent respectively. At the end of the year, 469.85 million pigs are registered in the total stocks, up by 1.5 percent, and 645.07 million pigs are slaughtered, up by 5.7 percent. The production of milk was 35.18 million tons, down by 1.1 percent; the total output of eggs was 27.41 million tons, up by 1.4 percent.The total output of aquatic products was 51.20 million tons, up by 4.6 percent. Of this total, the output of cultured aquatic products was 36.35 million tons, up by 6.5 percent; and that of fished aquatic products was 14.85 million tons, up by 0.1 percent over the previous year.The total production of timber for the year 2009 reached 69.38 million cubic meters, a drop of 14.4 percent.Over 1.471 million hectares of farmland was increased with effective irrigation systems and another additional 1.826 million hectares of farmland was guaranteed by water-saving irrigation systems.III. Industry and ConstructionIn 2009, the total value added of the industrial sector was 13,462.5 billion yuan, up by 8.3 percent over the previous year. The value added of industrial enterprises above the designated size was up by 11.0 percent. Of this total, thatof the state-owned and state-holding enterprises grew by 6.9 percent, that of the collective enterprises went up by 10.2 percent, that of the share-holding enterprises increased by 13.3 percent, that of the enterprises by foreign investors and investors from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan soared by 6.2 percent and 18.7 percent growth for private enterprises. Analyzed by light and heavy industries, the growth of the light industry was 9.7 percent and that of the heavy industry was 11.5 percent.In 2009, of the industrial enterprises above designated size, the growth of value added for the mining and washing of coal industry was 8.3 percent over the previous year; for the extraction of petroleum and natural gas was 4.8 percent; for processing of food from agricultural product 15.9 percent; for textile industry 8.5 percent; for manufacture of general machinery 11.0 percent; for manufacture of special purpose machinery 13.0 percent; for manufacture of transport equipment 18.4 percent, of which, 20.3 percent for automobile manufacturing, and 20.7 percent for ship manufacturing; for manufacture of communication equipment, computers and other electronic equipment 5.3 percent and for manufacture of electrical machinery and equipment 12.0 percent. The growth of the value added for the major six high energy consuming industries were 10.6 percent, of which, that of the manufacture of non-metallic mineral products was 14.7 percent, manufacture of raw chemical materials and chemical products 14.6 percent, smelting and pressing of ferrous metals 12.8 percent, smelting and pressing of non-ferrous metals 9.9 percent, production and supply of electric power and heat power 6.0 percent and 5.2 percent for processing of petroleum, coking, processing of nuclear fuel. The value added growth for the high-tech industry was 7.7 percent over the previous year.Table 2: Output of Major Industrial Products and the Growth Rates in 2009Product Unit Output Increaseover2008 (%) Yarn10000 tons2393.5 12.7Cloth100 million meters740.0 4.2 Chemical fibers10000 tons2730.0 13.0Sugar (final product)10000 tons1321.2 -8.9 Cigarettes100 million22901.5 3.2Color TV sets100009898.8 9.6 Of which: LCD TV sets100006765.3 85.2 Household refrigerators 10000 5930.5 24.7 Room air conditioners 100008078.2 -1.9Total primary energy production100 million tons of28.0 5.8standard coal equivalentCoal100 million tons30.50 8.8Crude oil100 million tons 1.89 -3.1Natural gas100 million cubic851.7 6.1metersElectricity100 million 37146.5 6.3The profits made by the industrial enterprises above the designated size in the first 11 months of 2009 were 2,589.1 billion yuan, an increase of 7.8 percent over the same period of last year.Table 3: Profits and Growth of Industrial Enterprises above the DesignatedSize in the First Eleven Months of 2009Unit: 100million yuansame periodlast year (%) Industrial enterprises above designated size 25891 7.8Of which: State-owned and state-holding7514 -4.5enterprisesOf which: Collective enterprises 545 10.3 Share-holding enterprises 13890 4.2 Enterprises by foreign investors or7511 16.9 investors from Hong Kong, Macaoand TaiwanOf which: Private enterprises 6849 17.4In 2009, the value added of construction enterprises in China was 2,233.3 billion yuan, up by 18.2 percent over the previous year. The profits made by construction enterprises qualified for general contracts and specialized contracts reached 266.3 billion yuan, up by 21.0 percent, of which the profits made by the state-owned and state-holding enterprises were 69.7 billion yuan, up by 23.9 percent.IV. Investment in Fixed AssetsThe completed investment in fixed assets of the country in 2009 was 22,484.6 billion yuan, up by 30.1 percent over the previous year. Of the total investment, that in urban areas was 19,413.9 billon yuan, up by 30.5 percent; and that in rural areas reached 3,070.7 billion yuan, up by 27.5 percent. An analysis by regions showed that the investment in eastern areas was 9,565.3 billion yuan, up by 23.0 percent over the previous year, in central areas was 4,984.6 billion yuan, a growth of 35.8 percent, in western areas 4,966.2 billion yuan, a growth of 38.1 percent, and in northeastern areas 2,373.3 billion yuan, up by 26.8 percent.In the urban areas, the investment in the primary industry was 337.3 billion yuan, up by 49.9 percent; that in the secondary industry was 8,227.7 billion yuan, up by 26.8 percent; and that in the tertiary industry was 10,848.9 billion yuan, up by 33.0 percent.Table 4: Fixed Assets Investment in Urban Areas and Its Growth by Sector in 2009Unit: 100 million yuanTable 5: Newly Increased Production Capacity through Fixed Assets Investment in2009In 2009, the investment in real estate development was 3,623.2 billion yuan, up by 16.1 percent. Of this total, the investment in commercial residential buildings reached 2,561.9 billion yuan, an increase of 14.2 percent, that in office buildings was 137.8 billion yuan, up by 18.1 percent, and that in buildings for commercial business was 417.2 billion yuan, up by 24.4 percent.Table 6: Main Indicators for Real Estate Development and Sales in 2009V. Domestic TradeIn 2009, the total retail sales of consumer goods reached 12,534.3 billion yuan, up by 15.5 percent over the previous year. An analysis on different areas showed that the retail sales of consumer goods in cities reached 8,513.3 billion yuan, up by 15.5 percent and the retail sales of consumer goods at and below county level was 4,021.0 billion yuan, up by 15.7 percent. Analyzed by different sectors, the sales of the wholesales and retail trade reached 10,541.3 billion yuan, up 15.6 percent; the sales of the lodging and catering industry was 1,799.8 billion yuan, up 16.8 percent, and the sales of the other industries was 193.2 billion yuan, up 2.5 percent.Of the total retail sales by wholesale and retail enterprises above designated size, the year-on-year growth of sales for motor vehicles was 32.3 percent, that for grain and oil was 13.0 percent, for meat and eggs 8.3 percent, for clothing 20.8 percent, for daily necessities 15.6 percent, for cultural and office goods 6.7 percent. The sales of telecommunication equipment dropped by 1.3 percent. Theyear-on-year growth of sales for cosmetics 16.9 percent, for gold, silver and jewelry 15.9 percent, for traditional Chinese drugs and western drugs 21.7 percent, for electric and electronic appliances for household use and audio-video equipment 12.3 percent, for furniture 35.5 percent and building and decoration materials 26.6 percent.VI. Foreign Economic RelationsThe total value of imports and exports in 2009 reached 2,207.2 billion US dollars, down by 13.9 percent over the previous year. Of this total, the value of goods export was 1,201.7 billion US dollars, down by 16.0 percent, and the value of goods import was 1,005.6 billion US dollars, down by 11.2 percent. The balance of imports and exports was (exports minus imports) 196.1 billion US dollars, a decrease of 102.0 billion US dollars over the previous year.Table 7: Total Value of Imports and Exports and the Growth Rates in 2009Unit: 100 million USDTable 8: Main Export Commodities in Volume and Value and the Growth Rates in2009Table 9: Main Import Commodities in Volume and Value and the Growth Rates in2009Table 10: Imports and Exports by Major Countries and Regions and the GrowthRates in 2009Unit: 100 million USDThe year 2009 witnessed the establishment of 23,435 enterprises with foreign direct investment in non-financial sectors, down by 14.8 percent; and the foreign capital actually utilized was 90.0 billion US dollars, down by 2.6 percent. Of the total foreign direct investment actually utilized, the share of investment in manufacturing was 52.0 percent over the pervious year, the real estate 18.7 percent, leasing and business service 6.8 percent, wholesales and retail trade 6.0 percent and transportation, storage and post service 2.8 percent.Table 11: Total Value of Foreign Direct Investment and the Growth Rates in 2009In 2009, the overseas direct investment (non-financial sectors) by Chinese investors was 43.3 billion US dollars, up by 6.5 percent over the previous year. In 2009, the accomplished business revenue through contracted overseas engineering projects was 77.7 billion US dollars, up by 37.3 percent, and the business revenue through overseas labor contracts was 8.9 billion US dollars, up by 10.6 percent over the previous year.VII. Transportation, Post, Telecommunications and TourismThe value added of the transportation, storage, post and telecommunication sectors reached 1,705.8 billion yuan in 2009, up 3.7 percent over the previous year.Table 12: Freight Traffic by All Means of Transportation and the Growth Ratesin 2009Table 13: Passenger Traffic by All Means of Transportation and the GrowthRates in 2009Waterways 100 million persons 2.2 2.9 Civil aviation 100 million persons 2.3 19.7Passenger flows 100 million24773.6 6.8person-kilometersRailways 100 million7878.9 1.3person-kilometersHighways 100 million13450.7 7.8person-kilometersWaterways 100 million69.1 5.8person-kilometersCivil aviation 100 million3374.9 17.1person-kilometersThe volume of freight handled by ports above the designated size throughout the year totaled 6.91 billion tons, up 8.2 percent over the previous year, of which freight for foreign trade was 2.14 billion tons, up 8.6 percent. Container shipping handled 120.82 million standard containers, down by 5.8 percent. The total number of motor vehicles for civilian use reached 76.19 million (including 13.31 million tri-wheel motor vehicles and low-speed trucks) by the end of 2009, up 17.8 percent, of which private-owned vehicles numbered 52.18 million, up 25.0 percent. The total number of cars for civilian use stood at 31.36 million, up by 28.6 percent, of which private-owned cars numbered 26.05 million, up by 33.8 percent.The turnover of post and telecommunication services totaled 2,731.3 billion yuan, up 14.6 percent over the previous year. Of this total, post services accounted for 163.2 billion yuan, up 16.4 percent, and telecommunication services 2,568.1 billion yuan, up 14.4 percent. By the end of 2009, with a decrease of 16.44 million lines of office switchboards, the total capacity stood at 492.19 million lines. The newly increased capacity of mobile phone switchboard was 275.80 million lines with the total capacity reaching 1,421.11 million lines. The year also saw 313.69 million fixed telephone subscribers. This included 211.78 million urban subscribers and 101.91 million rural subscribers. Mobile phone users numbered 747.38 million by the end of 2009, with 106.14 million new subscribers in the year. In total, the number of fixed and mobile phone users reached 1,061.07 million, an increase of 79.47 million as compared with that at the end of 2008. Phone coverage is 79.9 sets per 100 persons. The number of Internet users was 380 million, of which wide-band users were 350 million, and the coverage rate of Internet was 28.9 percent.The year 2009 saw 1.90 billion domestic tourists, up 11.1 percent over the previous year. The revenue from domestic tourism totaled 1,018.4 billion yuan, up 16.4 percent. The number of inbound visitors to China totaled 126.48 million, a year-on-year decline of 2.7 percent. Of this total, 21.94 million were foreigners, down 9.8 percent; and 104.54 million were Chinese compatriotsfrom Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, down 1.1 percent. Of all the inbound tourists, overnight visitors counted 50.88 million, down 4.1 percent. Foreign exchange earnings from international tourism topped 39.7 billion US dollars, down 2.9 percent. The number of China’s outbound visitors totaled 47.66 million, up 4.0 percent. Of this total, 42.21 million were on private visits, a year-on-year rise of 5.2 percent, or 88.6 percent of all outgoing visitors.VIII. Financial IntermediationBy the end of 2009, money supply of broad sense (M2) was 60.6 trillion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 27.7 percent. Money supply of narrow sense (M1) was 22.0 trillion yuan, up 32.4 percent. Cash in circulation (M0) was 3.8 trillion yuan, up 11.8 percent.Savings deposit in Renminbi and foreign currencies in all items of financial institutions totaled 61.2 trillion yuan at the end of 2009, an increase of 13.2 tirllion yuan. Of this total, the savings deposit in Renminbi stood at 59.8 trillion yuan, an increase of 13.1 trillionyuan. Loans in Renminbi and foreign currencies in all items of financial institutions reached 42.6 trillion yuan, an increase of 10.5 trillion yuan. Of this total, that in Renminbi was 40.0 trillion yuan, an increase of 9.6 trillion yuan.Table 14: Savings Deposit and Loans in RMB and Foreign Currencies in All Financial Institutions and the Growth Rates in 2009Unit: 100 million yuanItem Year-end figure Increase over 2008 (%)Savings deposit 612006 27.7Of which: By enterprises 224357 36.5 By urban and rural households 264761 19.5Of which: Deposits in RMB 260772 19.7 Loans 425597 33.0Of which: Short-term 151353 17.7 Medium and long-term 235579 43.5Loans in Renminbi from rural financial cooperation institutions (i.e. rural credit cooperatives, rural cooperation banks, and rural commercial banks) totaled 4.7 trillion yuan by the end of 2009, an increase of 972.7 billion yuan as compared with the beginning of 2009. The loans in Renminbi for consumption use from all financial institutions totaled 5.5 trillion yuan, an increase of 1,797.6 billion yuan. Of all consumption loans, short-term loans for individuals totaled 0.6 trillion yuan,an increase of 246.5 billion yuan, and medium- and long-term loans for individuals reached 4.9 trillion yuan, an increase of 1,551.1 billion yuan.Funds raised in 2009 by enterprises through issuing stocks and share rights on stock market amounted to 365.3 billion yuan, an increase of 125.5 billion yuan over the previous year. Of this total, 99 A-shares were issued, receiving 206.2 billion yuan worth of capital altogether, an increase of 99.5 billion yuan. The refinancing of A-shares (including rationing shares, public newly issued, nonpublic newly issued and warrants) received 159.1 billion yuan worth of capital altogether, an increase of 25.9 billion yuan over 2008. The listed companies financed 81.3 billion yuan through convertible bonds, bonds with attached warrants and corporate bonds, a decrease of 18.5 billion yuan. A total of 36 growth enterprise board stocks were issued for the first time, receiving 20.4 billion yuan.In 2009, corporate funds raised by the non-listed companies reached 425.2 billion yuan, an increase of 188.5 billion yuan over that in the previous year. The short-term financing funds of enterprises were 461.2 billion yuan, an increase of 28.1 billion yuan; and the medium-term notes were 698.7 billion yuan, an increase of 525.0 billion yuan. Funds raised by medium- and small-sized enterprises through collection notes reached 1.27 billion yuan.The premium received by the insurance companies totaled 1,113.7 billion yuan in 2009, up 13.8 percent over the previous year. Of this total, life insurance premium amounted to 745.7 billion yuan, health and casualty insurance premium 80.4 billion yuan, and property insurance premium 287.6 billion yuan. Insurance companies paid an indemnity worth of 312.5 billion yuan, of which, life insurance indemnity was 126.9 billion yuan, health and casualty insurance indemnity 28.1 billion yuan, and property insurance indemnity 157.6 billion yuan.IX. Education, Science and TechnologyIn 2009, the post-graduate education enrollment was 1.405 million students with 511 thousand new students and 371 thousand graduates. The general tertiary education enrollment was 21.447 million students with 6.395 million new students and 5.311 million graduates. Vocational secondary schools of various types had 21.787 million enrolled students, including 8.736 million new entrants, and 6.192 million graduates. Senior secondary schools had 24.343 million enrolled students, including 8.303 million new entrants, and 8.237 million graduates. Students enrolled in junior secondary schools totaled 54.409 million, including 17.885 million new entrants, and 17.977 million graduates. The country had a primary education enrollment of 100.715 million students, including 16.378 million new entrants, and 18.052 million graduates. There were 428 thousand students enrolled in special education schools, with 64 thousand new entrants. Kindergartens accommodated 26.578 million children.The amount of expenditures on research and development activities (R&D) was worth 543.3 billion yuan in 2009, up 17.7 percent over 2008, accounting for 1.62 percent of GDP. Of this total, 27.2 billion yuan was appropriated for fundamental research programs. A total number of 639 projects under the National Key Technology Research and Development Program and 1,328 projects under the Hi-tech Research and Development Program (the 863 Program) were implemented. The year 2009 saw a total of 127 national engineering research centers and 85 national engineering laboratories. The number of state validated enterprise technical centers reached 636 by the end of the year. The technical centers at the provincial level numbered 5,011. Venture capital investment plan had been initiated and implemented to boostnew emerging industries, and 20 venture investment funds were established. Some 977 thousand patent applications were accepted from home and abroad, of which 878 thousand were domestic applications, accounting for 89.9 percent of the total. A total number of 315 thousand patent applications for new inventions were accepted, of which 229 thousand were from domestic applicants or 72.8 percent of the total. A total of 582 thousand patents were authorized in 2009, of which 502 thousand were domestic patents, accounting for 86.2 percent of the total. A total of 128 thousand patents for new inventions were authorized, of which 65 thousand were domestic ones, accounting for 50.9 percent. Till the end of year 2009, the number of patents in force was1.520 million, of which 1.193 million patents were domestic ones, accounting for 78.5 percent; the number of patents in force for inventions was 438 thousand, of which 180 thousand was domestic ones, accounting for 41.1 percent. A total of 214 thousand technology transfer contracts were signed, representing 303.9 billion yuan in value, up 14.0 percent over the previous year. The year 2009 saw 6 times of successful launch of satellites. The first petaflop super computer Galaxy 1 was developed successfully, and ChangEr 1 satellite hit moon successfully.By the end of 2009, there were altogether 25,000 laboratories for product inspection, including 414 national inspection centers. There were 168 organizations for product certification and management system certification, which accumulatively certified products in 41 thousand enterprises. A total of 3,760 authorized measurement institutions enforced compulsory inspection on 45.60 million measurement instruments in the year. A total of 3,158 national standards were developed or revised in the year, including 2,102 new standards. There were 2,737 weather warning signals sent by national and provincial meteorological stations, and 3,950 weather alerts. There were1,457 seismological monitor stations and 32 seismological remote monitor network stations. The numbers of oceanic observation stations were 66. Mapping departments published 2,060 maps and 307 mapping books.X. Culture, Public Health and SportsAt the end of 2009, there were 2,478 art-performing groups, 3,214 culture centers, 2,833 public libraries, 1,996 museums, 251 radio broadcasting stations, 272 television stations, 2,087 radio broadcasting and television stations and 44 educational television stations throughout China. Subscribers to cable television programs numbered 173.98 million. Subscribers to digital cable television programs were 62.00 million. Radio broadcasting and television broadcasting coverage rates were 96.3 percent and 97.2 percent respectively. The country produced 456 feature movies and 102 science, educational, documentary, cartoon and special movies. A total of 43.7 billion copies of newspapers and 3.1 billion copies of magazines were issued, and 7.0 billion copies of books published. By the end of the year, there were 4,035 archives in China and 79.91 million documents were made accessible to the public.By the end of 2009, there were 289 thousand health institutions in China, including 60 thousand general hospitals and health centers, 26 thousand community health service centers, 3,013 maternal and child health-care institutions, 1,315 specialized health institutions, 3,543 epidemic disease prevention centers (stations) and 2,706 health monitoring institutions and 193 thousand clinics. There were 5.22 million health workers in China, including 2.16 million practicing doctors and assistant practicing doctors and 1.74 million registered nurses. General hospitals and health centers in China possessed 3.96 million beds. The number of rural health care centers was 39 thousand, possessing 910 thousand beds and employing 898 thousand health care。
2N7002A N型增强模MOSFET产品说明书
Product SummaryV(BR)DSS R DS(ON) maxI D maxT A = +25°C60V 6Ω @ V GS = 5V 200mA DescriptionThis MOSFET has been designed to minimize the on-state resistance (R DS(ON)) and yet maintain superior switching performance, making it ideal for high efficiency power management applications.Applications∙ MotorControl∙Power Management Functions Features and Benefits∙ N-ChannelMOSFET∙ LowOn-Resistance∙Low Gate Threshold Voltage∙Low Input Capacitance∙Fast Switching Speed∙Small Surface Mount Package∙ESD Protected Gate, 1.2kV HBM∙Totally Lead-Free & Fully RoHS Compliant (Notes 1 & 2)∙Halogen and Antimony Free. “Green” Device (Note 3)∙Qualified to AEC-Q101 Standards for High Reliability Mechanical Data∙ Case:SOT23∙Case Material: Molded Plastic. UL Flammability Classification Rating 94V-0∙Moisture Sensitivity: Level 1 per J-STD-020∙ Terminals:Finish− Matte Tin annealed over Alloy 42leadframe. Solderable per MIL-STD-202, Method 208∙Terminal Connections: See Diagram∙Weight: 0.008 grams (approximate)Ordering Information(Note 4)Part Number Case Packaging2N7002A-7 SOT23 3,000/Tape & Reel2N7002A-13SOT23 10,000/Tape & ReelNotes: 1. No purposely added lead. Fully EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) & 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) compliant2. See /quality/lead_free.html for more information about Diodes Incorporated’s definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free, "Green"and Lead-free.3. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and<1000ppm antimony compounds.4. For packaging details, go to our website at /products/packages.html.SOT23Top View Equivalent CircuitTop ViewPin-Out ESD PROTECTED TO 1.2kVe3Marking InformationDate Code KeyYear 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Code V W X Y Z A B CMonth Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecCode 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 O N DMaximum Ratings (@T A = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.)Characteristic Symbol Value UnitsDrain-Source Voltage V DSS 60 VGate-Source VoltageV GSS ±20 V Continuous Drain Current (Note 5) V GS = 10VSteady State T A = +25°C T A = +85°C T A = +100°C I D180130 115 mAContinuous Drain Current (Note 6) V GS = 10V Steady StateT A = +25°C T A = +85°C T A = +100°CI D 220 160 140mAMaximum Continuous Body Diode Forward Current (Note 6) I S 0.5 A Pulsed Drain Current (10µs pulse, duty cycle = 1%) I DM800 mAThermal Characteristics (@T A = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.)Characteristic Symbol ValueUnitsTotal Power Dissipation (Note 5)P D370 mW (Note 6) 540 Thermal Resistance, Junction to Ambient (Note 5) R θJA348°C/W (Note 6) 241 Thermal Resistance, Junction to Case (Note 6)R θJC 91 Operating and Storage Temperature RangeT J, T STG-55 to +150°CNotes:5. Device mounted on FR-4 PCB, with minimum recommended pad layout6. Device mounted on 1” x 1” FR-4 PCB with high coverage 2oz. Copper, single sided.MN1 = Product Type Marking Code YM = Date Code Marking for SAT (Shanghai Assembly/ Test site) = Date Code Marking for CAT (Chengdu Assembly/ Test site) Y or = Year (ex: A = 2013) M = Month (ex: 9 = September) Shanghai A/T Site Chengdu A/T Site YM Y MN1Y MElectrical Characteristics (@T A = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.)Characteristic SymbolMin Typ Max Unit Test Condition OFF CHARACTERISTICS (Note 7)Drain-Source Breakdown VoltageBV DSS 60 70 − V V GS = 0V, I D= 10µA Zero Gate Voltage Drain Current @ T C = +25°C @ T C = +125°C I DSS − − 1.0 500µAV DS = 60V, V GS = 0VGate-Body LeakageI GSS − − ±10 µA V GS = ±20V, V DS = 0V ON CHARACTERISTICS (Note 7) Gate Threshold VoltageV GS(th)1.2 −2.0 V V DS = V GS , I D= 250µA Static Drain-Source On-Resistance@ T J = +25°C@ T J = +125°CR DS(ON)− 3.53.0 6 5 Ω V GS = 5.0V, I D = 0.115A V GS = 10V, I D =0.115A Forward Transconductanceg FS 80 − − mS V DS = 10V, I D = 0.115ADYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS (Note 8) Input Capacitance C iss − 23 − pF V DS = 25V, V GS = 0V, f = 1.0MHz Output CapacitanceC oss − 3.4 − pF Reverse Transfer Capacitance C rss − 1.4−pFGate ResistanceR G − 260 400 Ω V DS = 0V, V GS = 0V, f = 1.0MHz SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS (Note 8) Turn-On Delay Time t D(ON) − 10 − ns V DD = 30V, I D = 0.115A, R L = 150Ω, V GEN = 10V , R GEN = 25Ω Turn-Off Delay Timet D(OFF)−33−nsNotes: 7. Short duration pulse test used to minimize self-heating effect.8. Guaranteed by design. Not subject to product testing.Fig. 2 Typical Transfer CharacteristicsV , GATE SOURCE VOLTAGE (V)GS I , D R A I N C U R R E N T (A )D 0.11Fig. 3 On-Resistance vs. Drain Current & Gate Voltage I , DRAIN-SOURCE CURRENT (A)D R , S T A T I C D R A I N -S O U R CE O N -R E S I S T A N C E ()D S (O N ) 123456789Fig. 5 Gate Threshold Variation vs. Ambient TemperatureT , AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)A V , G A T E T H R E S H O L D V O L T A G E (V )G S (T H )Fig. 6 Typical T otal CapacitanceV , DRAIN-SOURCE VOLTAGE (V)DS C , C A P A C I T A N C E (p F )T 10100Fig. 7 Reverse Drain Current vs. Source-Drain VoltageV , SOURCE-DRAIN VOLTAGE (V)SD I , S O U R C E C U R R E N T (A )SPackage Outline DimensionsPlease see AP02002 at /datasheets/ap02002.pdf for latest version.Suggested Pad LayoutPlease see AP02001 at /datasheets/ap02001.pdf for the latest version.SOT23Dim Min Max Typ A 0.37 0.51 0.40 B 1.20 1.40 1.30 C 2.30 2.50 2.40 D 0.89 1.03 0.915 F 0.45 0.60 0.535 G 1.78 2.05 1.83 H 2.80 3.00 2.90 J 0.0130.10 0.05 K 0.903 1.10 1.00 K1 - - 0.400 L 0.45 0.61 0.55 M 0.0850.18 0.110° 8°- All Dimensions in mmDimensions Value (in mm) Z2.9X 0.8 Y 0.9 C 2.0 E 1.35 X E YCZIMPORTANT NOTICEDIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION).Diodes Incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes without further notice to this document and any product described herein. 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外贸函电与单证第7章
accordance
The stipulations in your L/C should be in accordance with those in the contract. The quality of the goods shall be in s t r i c t accordance with that of the sample According to usual practice. Please accord this matter your immediate attention.
Some useful sentences
When do I have to open the l e t t e r of credit? 顺便问一句，您几时开立信用证呢？ When can you arrange for a credit under the new import license? 按照新的进口许可证规定，你方什么时候能开出一张信用证？ Please open l e t t e r of credit in good time. 请及时开出信用证。 We"ll open the l e t t e r of credit at s i g h t . 我们会按时开证的。 I agree to use l e t t e r of credit at s i g h t . 我同意用即期信用证付款。 Our l e t t e r of credit w i l l be opened early March. 我们在3月初开出信用证。 We"ll open the credit one month before shipment. 我们在装船前1个月开立信用证。
CCTV_report_2009
CCTV Public Opinion Poll - 20091.0IntroductionThis report summarizes the findings of a public opinion poll of Winnipeg residents and compares responses to those obtained in the 2008 study.The primary research objective was to examine the differences, if any, in response patterns to those provide in 2008. The intent was to:1.Find out the level of awareness of the presence of the cameras2.Gather intelligence on public perceptions of safety in the downtown areasubsequent to the camera installations3.To identify public perceptions, or shifts in perception, of the effectiveness ofCCTV cameras4.To track public acceptability of their use a year after initial deployment2.0Background and Research MethodologyThe questionnaire was developed in 2008 by the Winnipeg Police Service in consultation with the Manager of Research and Internal Services, Corporate Support Services. In 2008, the cameras had not yet been deployed. For the 2009 poll, minor revisions were made to reflect the fact that the cameras were, by this point, operationalRevisions were limited to the following.1. A question asking respondent awareness of the cameras was added at the start ofthe questionnaire.2.Questions about concerns with various types of crime were prefaced with “sincethe cameras were installed”Data collection was contracted to Dataprobe Research, the same local firm that provided the service in 2008 and had been selected in both years by the Manager of Research and Internal Services. Going back to the same vendor resulted in the realization of some savings, given interviewer familiarity with the line of questioning.As in 2008, the sample was 400, which was achieved very quickly. The reasons for this ease of completion included the fact that the questionnaire was quite brief (about 7 minutes). Keeping length under 10 minutes generates a better response rate. The other reason is that public interest is high. This number, randomly selected, is sufficient to generate a 95% confidence interval +/-5%, meaning that if the same survey were administered repeatedly to different groups of 400 the results would be the same 19 times out of 20.The following summary report was prepared using SPSS raw data provided by Dataprobe. The data is owned by the Winnipeg Police Service and is available for additional analysis if required.3.0Summary of Findings✓The majority of respondents (62%) have lived in Winnipeg for25 years or longer.✓About 2/3 of respondents indicated that they were aware of the CCTV cameras before being polled.✓From 2008 to 2009, perceptions of safety in downtownWinnipeg during the day eroded ( down to 40% from about56%). In particular, less than half of downtown residents agredthat the downtown is safe during the day, as compared with2008 when 85% of them felt safe.✓Perception of downtown safety at night remained relatively constant, with only about 20% of residents agreeing with thestatement “at night, downtown Winnipeg is safe”.✓The only type of crime where concern increased from 2008 to 2009 was sexual assault. Aggregate concern with all other typesof crime was down.✓In terms of crime type, gangs remain the biggest concern. This is true of both male and female respondents.✓Fewer respondents felt strongly that CCTV cameras would be effective in preventing crime or improving feelings of safety. Itappears that these respondents shifted from strongly agreeingwith the statements about effectiveness to agreeing.✓Public support for the use of the cameras remains fairly strong.✓The number of respondents who articulated opposition rmains constant, although more of those who said they were opposedcited cost/expense rationales in 2009.✓There remains some concern that CCTV cameras could be used to replace police officers.4.0 Respondent Profile5.0 Quantitative Research FindingsAwareness of CCTVAbout 2/3 of respondents indicated that, prior to the 2009 poll, they had been aware of the cameras. The other 1/3 had not known of the cameras before being invited to participate in the poll.Given that respondents generally indicated support for the cameras when asked an open ended question about further comments they would like to share, this represents an opportunity for enhancing public knowledge about the cameras through a communications strategy.This strategy also could emphasize that the intent of the camera installation is not to decrease the number of police officers. This was the most frequent concern among the respondents who provided comment when asked, that the cameras could be used to replace officers. Educating the public about the growth of the Winnipeg Police Service over some specific period of time, perhaps the past five years, could be helpful in terms of reducing this concern and perhaps increasing support for the cameras.Perceptions about Downtown SafetyIn 2008, well over half of respondents agreed that Winnipeg is safe during the daytime. In 2009, that number dropped to about 40%. The number who disagreed with the statement that Winnipeg is safe during the day, however, remained constant at 38-39%. Most of the shi ft came in the form of a “don’t know” response (7% in 2008, 21% in 2009). Although this is conjecture, it appears that fewer Winnipeggers may be venturing downtown during the day.Looking at perceptions of safety by quadrant of residence, it seems that confidence in daytime safety downtown has eroded across all neighbourhoods. The shift is particularly pronounced among residents of downtown Winnipeg. In 2008, some 85% of them agreed that the downtown is safe during the daytime. In 2009, only 42% of them did.There is no strong pattern of daytime safety perception by age, although those respondents between 65 and 75 years old were slightly more apt to disagree that it is safe.1. Consider the following statement: During the daytime, since the cameras were installed, downtown Winnipeg is safe. Do you (read list)… * Before this survey, were you aware that the Winnipeg Police Service installed CCTV cameras downtown?1. Consider the following statement:During the daytime, downtown Winnipegis safe. Do you (read list)…TotalAgree Disagree (Don't know)In which of the following categories is your age? 18-24 years2 3 0 525-34 years 24 20 13 57 35-44 years 31 33 19 83 45-54 years 49 46 17 112 55-64 years 31 27 14 72 65-74 years 18 22 11 51 75-84 years 5 6 6 17 85+ years 1 0 0 1 (Refused) 0 0 2 2Total 161 157 82 400 While the sample is not of a sufficient size to draw conclusions based on rigorous statistical reliability, it is worth noting that those respondents who were aware that CCTV cameras had been installed were more likely to agree that the downtown is safe during the day (44% vs. 34% for those who had not known about the cameras before being polled).Before this survey, wereyou aware that theWinnipeg Police Serviceinstalled CCTV camerasdowntown? TotalYes No/DK1. Consider the following statement: During the daytime, since the cameras were installed, downtown Winnipeg is safe. Do you (read list)…Agree112 49 161Disagree100 57 157(Don't know)43 39 82Total 255 145 400As for perceptions about downtown safety at night, the shift went in the opposite direction. In 2008, only 17% of respondents agreed that Winnipeg’s downtown was safe at night. In 2009, the number rose to 22%. In 2008, more that ¾ disagreed with the statement but is 2009, only 61% disagreed. The differences are accounted for in the increase in “don’t know” (6% in 2008, 18% in 2009. Again, it appears that fewer people are going downtown at night. Those who do and increasingly agree that the downtown is safe at night may be attending single events where security is visible (eg. MTS Centre).In an analysis by quadrant, it appears that respondents in the Northwest and Northeast quadrants have greater confidence that downtown Winnipeg is safe at night than they did last year. As well, in those quadrants the frequency of “don’t know” answers increased, as they did in Southeast Winnipeg.In central Winnipeg, perceptions about night time safety remained consistent from 2008 to 2009.Among the largest sample by age (those between 45 and 54 years old), only 14% agreed that downtown Winnipeg is safe at night.2. Consider the following statement: At night, since the cameras were installed, downtown Winnipegi s safe. Do you (read list)… *2. Consider the following statement: Atnight, downtown Winnipeg is safe. Doyou (read list)…TotalAgree Disagree (Don't know)In which of the following categories is your age? 18-24 years2 3 0 525-34 years 11 33 13 57 35-44 years 21 49 13 83 45-54 years 16 82 14 112 55-64 years 17 40 15 72 65-74 years 11 29 11 51 75-84 years 7 7 3 17 85+ years 1 0 0 1 (Refused) 1 0 1 2Total 87 243 70 400 Again, the perception of downtown safety as night is higher among those respondents who were arare of the cameras before the survey.Before this survey, were you aware that the Winnipeg Police Service installed CCTV cameras downtown? CrosstabulationBefore this survey, wereyou aware that theWinnipeg Police Serviceinstalled CCTV camerasdowntown? TotalYes No/DK2. Consider the following statement: At night, since the cameras were installed, downtown Winnipeg is safe. Do you (read list)…Agree60 27 87Disagree156 87 243(Don't know)39 31 70Total 255 145 400Level of Concern about CrimesInterestingly, the level of significant concern with all types of crime except for Sexual Assault has decreased. Having said that, more than ½ of respondents in 2009 have significant concern about five different types of crime. Although this is down from seven in 2008, it is worthy of note. In order of level of concern, these are:∙Gangs∙Guns/Weapons∙Sexual Assault∙Drug-related Offences∙Vehicle DamageIn general, females demonstrate higher rates of significant concern with specific crimePerceptions on Effectiveness of Closed Circuit TVRespondents who said they were aware of the cameras before being surveyed were slightly more apt to agree or strongly agree with the statements around perceptions of effectiveness, although distinctions were relatively minor.% of respondents who strongly agreed or agreed Aware ofCCTV prior topollNot aware ofCCTV prior topoll CCTV would be effective to help catch criminals 82% 82%CCTV would be effective to prevent crime 70% 66%CCTV would be effective to improve feelings ofsafety74% 66%CCTV would be effective to reduce serious crimeissues60% 53%CCTV would be effective to hold offendersaccountable76% 79%CCTV would be effective to make public placessafer78% 70%CCTV would be effective to use resourceseffectively71% 69%CCTV would be effective to free up police officersto deal with other crime issues66% 56%Generally, respondents are less likely to strongly agree with statements intended to assess perceptions of effectiveness. Having said that, the number who agree with the statements has increased. Aggregating the strongly agree and agree responses indicates that there still is a belief that the cameras can be effective. As in 2008, the most frequent strongly agree responses were the perceptions of effectiveness in catching criminals and holding offenders accountable.Responses to the perception around the potential for CCTV cameras to reduce serious crime issues indicate that there is doubt. More respondents disagreed than strongly agreed with the statement. Nearly 1/3 disagreed or strongly disagreed.The proportion of respondents who disagreed or strongly disagreed with this statement is consistent with concerns expressed in the open-ended comments. There is some level of suspicion that the cameras could be used to replace officers. This presents an opportunity to educate the public about how the cameras are used (eg. They are not watched 24 hours a day).6.0 Qualitative Research FindingsAs in the 2008 poll, respondents were offered the opportunity to provide comments about the CCTV cameras. Response patterns are very similar and it would appear that public opinion has not shifted appreciably.In 2008, 101 respondents provided comments. In 2009, the number rose slightly to some 120. Typically, only a small proportion of people polled will provide open comments but those few comments can provide additional insight into the issue under consideration. Support for the use of the cameras remains high. The same number of respondents are opposed to the use of the cameras but the rationale has, in some cases, changed. Rather than citing privacy concerns, some respondents mentioned the expense involved ( certainly consistent with the current economic climate).There still seems to be a level of concern that the cameras could be used to replace police officers.“In relation to Closed Circuit Televisions (CCTV) cameras in Winnipeg, do you have any further comments?”。
09年1月中英合作财务管理真题及答案
2009年1月全国高等教育自学考试试题财务管理试卷注意事项1.试题包括必答题与选答题两部分，必答题满分60分，选答题满分40分。
必答题为一、二、三题，每题20分；选答题为四、五、六、七题，每题20分，任选两题回答，不得多选，多选者只按选答的前两题计分。
60分为及格线。
2.用圆珠笔或钢笔把答案按题号写在答题纸上，不必抄写题目。
3.可使用计算器、直尺等文具。
第一部分必答题（满分60分）（本部分包括一、二、三题，共60分）一、本题包括1～20二十个小题，每小题1分，共20分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求，把所选项前的字母填在括号内。
1.董事会对股东所负的最基本责任之一是【】A.创造利润B.维持股价C.支付股利D.公布年度财务报表1.A（第一章，P16）（2009年1月）【解析】董事会是股东大会的业务执行机构，负责公司业务活动的指挥和管理，对公司股东大会负责并报告工作，股东大会所作的决定董事会必须执行。
董事会的最基本目标就是实现股东的目标，股东的目标就是获得最大的投资回报。
所以，董事会对股东所负的最基本责任之一是创造利润。
2.公司的管理者是【】A.股东B.执行董事C.审计师D.非执行董事2.B（第一章，P16）（2009年1月）【解析】所有的股东不可能都是公司的管理者，只有少数股东才能成为公司的管理者，而这个公司的管理者应是执行董事，而不是非执行董事与审计师。
3.根据阿尔特曼财务危机预测发行模型，Z指标值为4说明被预测企业【】A.肯定破产B.可能破产C.可能正常D.肯定正常3.D（第二章，P79）（2009年1月）【解析】Z指标值为4已大于临界值3，表明企业的经营相等成功，不会发生财务危机，说明被预测企业经营肯定正常。
4.比率分析具有局限性，因为【】A.报表一般以历史成本为基础B.报表一般以定性指标为基础C.公司的会计政策都是相同的D.比率仅考虑了绝对规模4.A（第二章，P70）（2009年1月）【解析】比率分析具有局限性，是因为比率分析所使用的财务报表数据是根据历史成本编制的，它不能反映企业的现行价值。
MLA FORMATTING AND STYLE GUIDE
MLA FORMATTING AND STYLE GUIDEThe BasicsMLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. MLA style specifies guidelines for formatting manuscripts and using the English language in writing. MLA style also provides writers with a system for referencing their sources through parenthetical citation in their essays and Works Cited pages.According to MLA style, your paper should be typed and double-spaced; and it should use a legible font like Times New Roman with a standard font size of 12 points. Margins should be set to one inch on all sides, and only one space should be left after periods or other punctuation marks. Other basic aspects of the MLA style are:∙Indent the first line of a paragraph one-half inch from the left margin.∙Create a header that numbers all pages consecutively in the upper right-hand corner, one-half inch from the top and flush with the right margin. When putting the page number(header) in the upper right-hand of each page, it should include author's last namefollowed by page number.∙Use italics throughout your essay for the titles of longer works and, only when absolutely necessary, for providing emphasis.∙Do not make a title page for your paper unless specifically requested.∙In the upper left-hand corner of the first page, list your name, your instructor's name, the course, and the date. Again, be sure to use double-spaced text. (See example below.)**Please note: this guide has been updated to reflect the changes of the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 7th Edition (2009).**Citing the Most Common SourcesAuthors∙An item with more than three authors can be listed by the first author's name, followed by a comma and then the Latin abbreviation et al. (Penner, Jane N., et al.).Titles∙Capitalize all important words – first word of the title, first word of the subtitle (right after the colon), and all major words. Do not capitalize words such as: a, an, the, against, between, in, of, to, and, but, for, and so, unless they are the first word of the title orsubtitle.∙Whole book titles are in italics while article or chapter titles are put in “quotation marks.”∙Leave out initial articles from titles of newspapers, magazines, and journals (Lancet, not The Lancet, New York Times, not The New York Times).∙Titles of books are taken from the title page (first printed page of the book) and not from the cover. If the title on the title page starts wit h any of the initial articles “A,” “An,” or “The,” include it in your citation but be sure to alphabetize by the second word.Dates∙For books, just use the year.∙For newspaper and magazines articles, use Day Month Year format (17 July 2007).Abbreviations∙Abbreviate all months except for May, June, and July.∙University Press in the name of a publisher may be shortened to UP.Page numbers∙Do not put p. or pp. when citing page numbers.∙Show page numbers as completely as you can (you will need to view the PDF version to find complete pagination information for some articles). Some databases will have article citations that only give the first page number, in which case put a “+” after the start page (67+).BooksThere are four parts to each reference: (1) author, (2) title, (3) publication information, and (4) medium of access. Each part is followed by a period and one space.One AuthorLa Naour, Jean-Yves. The Living Unknown Soldier: A Story of Grief and the Great War. New York: Metropolitan, 2004. Print.Two or Three AuthorsMcClendon, Ruth, and Leslie Kadis. Reconciling Relationships and Preserving the Family Business: Tools for Success. New York: Haworth, 2004. Print.Edited BookKinkead, Joyce A., and Jeanette Harris, eds. Writing Centers in Context: Twelve Case Studies.Urbana: NCTE, 1993. Print.Electronic BooksTreat electronic books like a print book for the author, title, publisher, and date information, and add “Web” for web access.One AuthorBaker, Jim. Lawful Order: A Case Study of Correctional Crisis and Reform. New York: Garland, 1998. NetLibrary. Genesee Com. Coll. Lib., NY. Web. 4 Aug. 2004.Edited BookYoungblood-Coleman, Denise and Mary Ann Azevedo, eds. Burundi 2007 Country Review: Political Conditions. Houston, TX: CountryWatch, Inc., 2007. CountryWatch.. Genessee Com. Coll. Lib., NY. Web. 27 July 2007.Periodical Articles in PrintReferences for periodicals, like those for books, have four major parts: (1) author, (2) title, (3) publication information, and (4) medium of access, each followed by a period.Newspaper ArticleJames, Caryn. “Adding the Power of TV to the Power of the Printed Page.” New York Times 21 Nov. 1996, late ed.: C15. Print.Magazine ArticleUpdike, John. “Colonoscopy.” Poetry July/Aug. 2006: 289. Print.Article in a Scholarly Journal That Uses Only Issue NumbersDressler, William W., and James R. Bnidon. “The Health Consequences of Cultural Consonance: Cultural Dimensions of Lifestyle, Social Support, and Arterial Blood Pressure in anAfrican American Community.” American Anthropologist 102 (2000): 244-60. Print.Article in a Scholarly Journal with More Than One SeriesMeuter, Matthew L., et al. “Self-Service Technologies: Understanding Customer Satisfaction with Technology- Based Service Encounters.” Journal of Marketing 64.3 (2000): 50-66.Print.Internet SourcesThe basic format for citing an Internet source is:Author, “Title of Article or Page Within a W ebsite.” Name of Website or Database. Name of Organization Responsible for the Website. Publication date (or last update). Web. Access date.Note 1: Any one website may not provide all of the listed items; you can’t put what you don’t have – use the MLA abbreviations for any missing information [N.p.= No publisher, N.pag.= No page number, and n.d. = no date given].Note 2: Begin a citation with the author's name. If no author is given, begin the citation with the title of the web page or name of the website. (The first example below shows an entry fora page without an author.)Note 3: Leave out the name of the organization responsible for the website if it is the same as the name of the website or database.Note 4: No URL needs to be given, simply “Web” as the medium of access.Citing an Entire WebsiteThe Purdue OWL Family of Sites. The Writing Lab and OWL at Purdue and Purdue U, 2008.Web. 2 Jan. 2013.Maguire, Sharon. “Training Your New Puppy or Dog.” Dog Breed Info Center. 2007. Web. 16 Feb. 2007.Citing a Page on a Website“How to Make Vegetarian Chili.” eHow. Demand Media, n.d. Web. 2 Jan. 2013.Quade, Alex. “Elite Team Rescues Troops behind Enemy Lines.” . Cable News Network, 19 Mar. 2007. Web. 14 May 2008.Article from an Online DatabaseLanghamer, Claire. “Love and Courtship in Mid-Twentieth-Century England.” Historical Journal 50.1 (2007): 173-96. ProQuest. Web. 2 Jan. 2013.Article in an Electronic JournalMorken, Gunnar, and Olav M. Linaker. “Seasonal Variations of Violence in Norway.” American Journal of Psychiatry 157 (2000): 1674-1678. Web. 20 July 2007.Images/Works of Art Accessed OnlineCurrin, John. Blond Angel.2001. Indianapolis Museum of Art. IMA: It’s My Art. Web. 2 Jan.2013.Lange, Dorothea. The Migrant Mother. 1936. Prints and Photographs Div., Lib. of Cong.Dorothea Lange: Photographer of the People. Web. 2 Jan. 2013.Film/Video Recording Accessed OnlineThe Great Train Robbery. Dir. Edward Porter. Thomas Edison, 1903. Internet Archive. Web. 5 June 2008.Parenthetical (In-Text) CitationThe MLA style of parenthetical citation includes the author’s last name and page number(s). Parenthetical citations do not include the word "page" or "pages" or the abbreviations "p." or "pp."— just the page numbers.Direct Quotations and ParaphrasesA page number is always included, whether material is copied word for word (presented in quotation marks) or paraphrased (presented in your own words, without quotation marks) from a source. If an electronic source does not provide page numbers, leave them out. Some electronic sources (e.g., General OneFile) will include a PDF version of the text. If so, use the page number from the PDF version of the document.In in-text citations, give the author's last name and the page number of the source within the sentence (before the period). For in-text citations that occur after long quoted material that is indented, the citation comes after the sentence and after the period.Work with One Authora.) Dust plays a larger role in our lives than we realize (Holmes 5).ORb.) Holmes points out that, “between 1 and 3 billion tons of desert dust fly up into the skyannually” (5).Work with Two or Three Authorsa.) Many changes occurred during the Renaissance (Kerrigan and Smith 57).ORb.) Kerrigan and Smith found that many changes occurred during the Renaissance (57). If a source is not listed here, or if you have questions, you can find more information in the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (7th ed., 2009). One is available at the main desk of the Cannon Memorial library. Help is also available at the SLU’s online library at/citation-help.html, or you can visit the MLA website at .Stephanie LucykProfessor CarterENG 0024 January 2005Plastic GirlsAsk a child who the president of the United States is, and you are bound to get a multitude of replies ranging from the accurate to the hysterical. Ask a child who Barbie is, and you are sure to a get…Works Cited“Babes in Toyland…What’s a Feminist Mom to Do?” Herizons 31 Jan. 1997. Web. 9 Dec.2004.“Barbie in the Nineties.” Barbie: The Image of Us All. Web. 20 Nov. 2004.Borger, Gloria. “B arbie’s Newest Values.” US News and World Report 1 Dec. 1997: 40. Print. Cunningham, Kamy. “Barbie Doll Culture and the American Waistland.” Symbolic Interaction16.1 (1993): 79-83. Print.McQuade, Donald, and Christine McQuade. “Figuring the Body.” Seeing and Writing. Eds.Donald McQuade and Christine McQuade. Boston: Bedford, 2000. 230-321. Print. Norton, Kevin I., et a l. “Ken and Barbie at Life Size.” Sex Roles 34 (1996): 287-94. Print. Rand, Erica. Barbie’s Queer Accessories. Durham: Duke UP, 1995. Print.Rogers, Mary F. Barbie Culture. London: Sage, 1999. Print.Saltzberg, Elayne, and Joan C. Chrisler. “The pursuit of the Perfect Female Body.” Women: A Feminist Perspective. Ed. Jo Freeman. Mountain View: Mayfield, 1993. 301-17. Print. “The Secret Lives of Barbie: Bad Girl.” ABC News. 30 Oct. 2002. Web. 2 Dec. 2004.“The Secret Lives of Barbie: Career Girl.” ABC News. 30 Oct. 2002. Web. 2 Dec. 2004.This guide was modified by the Saint Leo University Instructional Design Department according toThe Academic Writing Guide to Good English, Custom Edition, with the MLA Handbook for Writers of ResearchPapers, Seventh Edition, using examples.。
Safety training Sep 2009-QFS
average hours 13.475 7.83333 Objective 24 24
15.2367 9.83333 11.5417 22.5667 24 24 24 24
Involvement Rate of Employees Contributed to H&S (YTD)
100.00% 90.00% 80.00% 70.00% 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% LP DP WH 45% Svc 58% PA 23% FS 71% QA 90% PD 71% Voith 11% Total 37%
3 0 9 12 1075,294
1
1 3 104,474
EXPOSURE HOURS
LWC FREQUENCY RATE As of last LWC since Aug. 5th 2009 Total No. of days LWC free Total exposure hours without LWC
9.6
3.04
2.78
= [ 26 ] = [87,623]
Total Lost Workday Case Rate Trend Chart Employees (YTD / Rolling 12 Months)
12 11 10 9 11.55 10.74
LWC Rate
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Oct-08 Nov-08 Dec-08 Jan-09 Feb-09 Mar-09 Apr-09 May-09 Jun-09 Jul-09 Aug-09 Sep-09 4 3.85 2.84 2.79 4 4 4 3.73 4 4.56 5.16 4 4.51 4 3.57 4.2 4 3.57 4 3.55 2.67 4 3.04 2.66 4 3.93 3.5 5.25 4.38 4 6.99
家庭财务2009
单位: 元 2月底 3月底
客户: 4月底 5月底 8,500
制表人: 6月底 7月底
□以成本计 8月底 9月底
□以市价计 10月底 11月底 12月底 年度增减
前一年12月
流动 现金
资产
8,500
负 债 投 资 负 债 自 用 负 债 负债 净 值
其他消费贷款 小计 证券融资余额 创业贷款余额 房产投资贷款 其他投资贷款 小计 自用房地贷款 自用汽车贷款 其他自用贷款 小计 合计 消费净值 生息净值 自用净值 小计
习作1 家庭资产负债表表 大类 科目 人民币银行活存 人民币银行定存 生 息 外币银行定存 外币结构性定存 国内债券 国内债券基金 保本结构债券 资 国内股票A 国内股票B 国内股票C 国内股票D 国内股票E 产 国内股要基金A 国内股要基金B 保单现金价值 房产投资A 房产投资B 贵金属投资 艺术品投资 经营资本投入 借给他人债权 预付款 已信托财产 小计 自 用 资 产 资产 消 费 自用房地产 自用汽车 其他自用资产 小计 合计 信用卡余额 分期付款余额 贷记卡余额
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Cadet Monthly Progress Report
For the Month of: February-2009
DEAR SIR:
Thank you for reading my report. This is my second ship- “OOCL XINGAPORE”. My last ship is OOCL KOBE.
During this month, I had undergone training on Incinerator.
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF INCINERATOR
The incinerator is designed according to the basic principles of ensuring a highly efficient combustion and a high degree of safety.
The first principle is relapsed by means of:
-High combustion temperature
-Secondary combustion chamber
-Level of inside insulation (maintenance a constant temperature in the combustion chamber)
-Reduction of pollution from the incinerator
The high degree of safety is relapsed by fully automatic operation and monitoring of the incinerator, complying with the word‟s most restrictive requirements. Furthermore by an air cooling flow surrounding the combustion chamber in the space between this and the external surface of the incinerator.
This degree of safety should eliminate any concern about the incinerator, once it has been installed.
THE INCINERA TOR:
The incinerator is designed with a primary combustion chamber for burning sludge oil and / or solid waste, and a secondary combustion chamber for burning out uncombusted exhaust gas.
The primary combustion chamber is equipped with a diesel oil called primary burner.
PRIMARY COMBUSTION CHAMBER:
The incinerator is designed to combust solid waste and / or oil. The heat from the primary burner will dry out and start burning the solid waste and / or ignite the sludge oil.
The very large heat transmission area in the primary combustion chamber optimizes the drying and burning of the solid waste.
COMBUSTION SECONDRY CHAMBER:
The primary and the secondary combustion chamber are separated by well made of ceramic heavy duty refractory. In the secondary combustion chamber the gases from the primary combustion chamber will burn out.
SWITCH ON SOLID WASTE:
1. Process timer, primary blower, and primary burner start.
2. Stop of combustion stops the supply of diesel oil to primary burner.
Primary blower and primary burner blower are working on cooling program. 3.The cooling programmed stops when the temperature in the incinerator drops
below 10000C.
When the incinerator has stopped, switch off the man switch on the control panel.
4.After start of the incinerator and after 30sec. pre-purging the primary burner in
the primary combustion chamber will start.
5.The primary burner is equipped with a flame control witch is activated during
the first 10 seconds after start, also after. After this period the burner is ignited off according to the temperature in the combustion chamber.
6.When the temperature in the primary combustion chamber reaches 9500C the
ignition of the primary burner will stop and solenoid valve on the diesel oil pipe is closed.
All blowers are operating.
7.When the temperature drops blow 8500C the primary combustion chamber
restarts.
SWITCH ON SLUDGE
1.Process timer, primary blower, and primary burner start.
2.Stop of combustion stops the supply of diesel oil to primary burner, and stop
the sludge oil supply to the sludge burner.
Primary blower and primary burner blower are working on cooling program. 3.The cooling program stops when the temperature in the incinerator drops blow
1000C.
When the incinerator has stopped and after 30 sec. pre-purging time the primary burner in the primary combustion chamber will start, switch off the main switch on the control panel.
4. After start of the incinerator and after 30sec. pre-purging time the primary burner in the primary combustion chamber will start pre-heat.
5. After a period of 13 minutes the sludge burner starts automatically and operates with in the set point. (850~9500C).
When the switch …delay primary burner is switched to automatic …AUT‟, the primary burner operates for only 25 seconds to ignite the sludge burner automatically.
When the switch …delay primary burner is switched to automatic …MAN‟, the primary burner operates all the time together with the sludge burner.
6. The flame control is activated for the 10 seconds after start-up of primary burner as well as after restart.。