大连市2012高三二模历史答案

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2012届高三下学期全国各地高考仿真模拟考试(二)历史试题(含详解)

2012届高三下学期全国各地高考仿真模拟考试(二)历史试题(含详解)

2012届高三下学期全国各地高考仿真模拟考试(二)历史试题一、选择题(每小题2分,共50分)1.下图为闽南地区王氏宗祠“世飨堂”的两块牌匾。

以下说法不正确的是()A.体现聚族而居的宗法观念B.具有激励族人的教化功能C.强调尊宗敬祖的文化认同D.反映重利轻义的价值取向解析:本题考查的是对中国古代宗法制的理解。

根据所学A、B、C三项都跟宗法制有关,而D项反映了明清时期商品经济的发展促使人们思想发生变化,故D项不正确。

答案: D2.1975年12月,在湖北云梦县睡虎地山土的竹简《语书》中,凡是“正”字都写成“端”字(如以矫端民心;毋公端之心),这一现象与我国封建社会的避讳制度有关。

据此判断,这批竹简应属于下列哪一朝代()A. 西周B. 明朝C. 西汉D. 秦朝解析:本题考查秦朝政治制度。

秦始皇,嬴姓,赵氏,名政(正),出于对秦始皇的避讳,故将“正”字都写成“端”字。

答案: D3.徐天鳞在《西汉会要》中说:”汉祖龙兴,取周秦之制而兼用之,其亦有意于矫前世之弊矣。

”以下印证了这一观点的是()A.颁布”推恩令”B.实行察举制C.重用侍从、秘书等,以削弱相权D.实行郡国并行制解析:抓住材料关键信息:“取周秦之制而兼用之”。

西周实行分封制,而秦实行郡县制。

再结合西汉初年地方行政制度可知是郡国并行制,故D项正确。

答案: D4.国学大师钱穆认为,中国古代史“前一段落为秦以前的封建政治,后一段落为秦以后之郡县政治”。

以下对这两大“政治”的理解正确的是()A.都是地方制度,加强了中央集权B.前者是贵族政治,后者是官僚政治C.都以血缘为纽带,实现了权力的高度集中D.都顺应了历史潮流,维护了封建统治解析:材料所说的“封建政治”为分封制,“郡县政治”为中央集权制,分封制不利于加强中央集权,A项错误;中央集权制不是以血缘为纽带,C项错误;分封制维护的是奴隶制度,D项错误。

答案: B 学科网ZXXK]5.“大凡受过教育的中国人尽管可能听不懂彼此的方言。

辽宁省大连市2012届高三第二次模拟考试文科综合试题

辽宁省大连市2012届高三第二次模拟考试文科综合试题

辽宁省大连市2012年高三第二次模拟考试文综试题说明:本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。

1至40题为必考题,41至47题为选考题。

考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I卷选择题(140分)卷共35个小题,每小题4分,共140分。

在每个小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

图1是某城市部分地区经过数字化处理的地图,且该城市工业区布局较合理,读图回答1~3题。

1.该城市可能位于A.西欧B.南亚C.东亚 D.北美西部2.该市的主干道呈①东北—西南走向②东南—西北走向③东—西走向④南—北走向A.①②B.③④ C.①③ D.②④3.地价图层中,X地最有可能工业企业是A.石化工业B.服装制造C.电子工业D.造船工业图2是40°N亚欧大陆的1月和7月气温变化曲线图及各地年降水量分布图,读图回答4~6题。

4.下列各地叙述正确的是A.A地冬季降水较夏季偏多B.B地内河航运发达C.C地植被为亚热带常绿阔叶林D.D地植被为温带落叶阔叶林5.有关D地叙述正确的是A.是我国首都所在地B.位于黄河流域C.春旱、土地次生盐渍化问题比较突出D.水稻是该地主要的粮食作物6.图中D地年较差大于E地的原因是A.山地地形的影响 B.沿岸寒流的影响C.大气环流的影响 D.西太平洋副热带高压的影响PM2.5是指大气中直径小于或等于2.5微米的颗粒物,也称为可入肺颗粒物。

科学家用PM2.5.表示每立方米空气中这种颗粒的含量,这个值越高,就代表空气污染越严重。

图3为我国某特大城市某日PM2.5浓度随时间变化曲线图,横坐标表示时间,纵坐标表示浓度,单位是微克/立方米。

读图判断7~8题.7.这种污染状况最有可能出现在A.教师节B.圣诞节C.春节D.劳动节8.有关图中污染浓度叙述正确的是A.最高点时污染物的排放量最大B.零点前后污染物的排放量最小C.主要污染物来自汽车尾气的排放D.最高点时污染物的累计浓度达最高读我国藏南某大河流域局部地区示意图(图4),回答9~1 1题。

2012年大连市高三双基考试历史答案

2012年大连市高三双基考试历史答案

2012年大连市高三双基考试参考答案及评分标准历史一、选择题(每题1.5分,共45分)二、材料解析题31.(19分)(1)人民主权,(1分)直接民主(1分)。

代议制政府(君主立宪制和民主共和制)。

(2分。

回答出括号内一方面的给1分)客观原因:国土面积的增加,(1分)人口的增多(1分)。

(2)背景:欧美主要国家和日本宪政体制的成功;(1分)清政府统治危机加深;(1分)清政府认为“立宪”可以维护统治。

(1分)积极意义:顺应了历史发展潮流,(2分)一定程度上推动了近代中国民主政治的发展。

(2分)(言之有理,可酌情给分)(3)没有。

(1分)理由:总统制和内阁制在本质上都属于代议制民主。

(2分)推动:颁布宪法,确立了民主政体;(1分)保障人权;(1分)变革社会习俗。

(1分)(言之有理,可酌情给分。

)32.(14分)(1)本质:国家干预经济。

(3分)现象:“滞涨”。

(2分)(2)阶段:建立现代企业制度(公司制或股份制)。

(3分。

回答出括号内一方面的亦可得满分)说明:建立现代企业制度适应了市场经济发展的需要。

(2分)(3)共同特点:既尊重市场规律,(2分)又发挥政府的干预作用。

(2分)(言之有理,可酌情给分)33.(12分)(1)宗教方面,保证人的信仰自由。

(2分)政治方面:保证人民当家作主。

(2分)(2)目的:反对旧道德、旧礼教,(2分)促进人的思想解放。

(2分)(3)本质:人的发展。

实现:(2分)全面落实科学发展观。

(2分)34.(10分)(1)依据:田亩、(1分)人丁。

(1分)作用:鱼鳞图册解决土地纠纷;(1分)黄册保证赋役制度的执行。

(1分)(2)变化:按照田地多少征收赋役。

(2分)评价:积极,简化了征税手续;(1分)减轻了农民的负担;(1分)有利于稳定农业生产。

(1分)消极:封建官吏的搜刮,最终导致一条鞭法无法继续实施。

(1分)35.(10分)(1)背景:《女权宣言》,启蒙运动的传播;(1分)法国大革命爆发;(1分)《人权宣言》忽视妇女权利。

2012大连市二模英语答案

2012大连市二模英语答案

2012年大连市高三第二次模拟考试英语参考答案听力部分(1.5×20=30)1~5 CABAC 6~10 CBACA11~15 ABCBC 16~20 BCABC单项填空(1×15=15)21~25 ACBCD 26~30 DCABB 31~35 ACCBD完形填空(1.5×20=30)36~40 BACCA41~45 DDABB 46~50 BCDCA51~55 DBCDA 阅读理解(2×20=40)56~59 BDAD 60~62 CAD 63~66 BCDB67~70 ACAD71~75 CFGBD短文改错(1×10=10)As we know, when senior students finish their school, most of theirreference books are thrown away, which are still in good conditions. What aconditiongreat waste it is!I suggested that we should recycle all this books. On the one hand,suggest theserecycling them can save a lot of natural resources, which are used to maketextbooks. On the other hand, the notes on the books are helpful to whoeverinneed them.needsIn fact, recycling textbooks has been increasing popular in such countriesincreasinglyas America and Australia. We should learn from them, but make every effortandto build∧energy-saving society. In my opinion, it is of many benefit both to an muchour present and to our future.书面表达(25分)One possible version:One day, Lily and Lina were going to school happily when a speeding car ran into them. One of them was seriously injured and lay on the street, unconscious. Seeing the terrible scene, the driver drove his car away as fast as he could without stopping. At the very moment, some passersby rushed over. One man called 120 to get help. Minutes later, an ambulance came with a siren wailing. The injured girl was carried into the ambulance by a passerby and sent quickly to hospital.From the story we can see such people as the guilty driver should be punished by law. We do believe more people with a sense of justice can be found in our society.(119 words)二模听力录音稿第一节T ext 1M: Does Amy dance?W: Well, that’s her on stage now. She performs expertly.T ext 2W: Listen! What’s that noise?M: Look out of the window and you’ll see. The cat is out in the backyard playing with a piece of the vase I broke yesterday.T ext 3W: How was the food at the New Mexican restaurant?M: I haven’t eaten there yet. I drove there last night but fround that it was not open on Wednesdays, so I tried the French place next door. It was very good.T ext 4W: The American custom of using first names is so difficult for me.M: I don’t usually call my professors by their first names.T ext 5W: Dear son, have you given the goldfish fresh water today?M: No need. They haven’t finished what I gave them yesterday.第二节T ext 6M: How is the weather today?W: It’s very cold and wet.M: Are winters like this every year in this place?W: Almost so. But it was a little colder last year.M: Now I know why people here have thick clothes on.W: What is the weather like in winter in your country?M: It’s quite different from yours. It’s warm and hot in my hometown all the year round.W: Y ou are very lucky then.M: Well, some people in my country want to have your weather.T ext 7W: Michael, do you go out to work?M: Not regularly. I used to have a job in a publishing company, but now I do the things I want to do. Some of them get paid like lecturing and teaching, while others don’t.W: What are the advantages of not having to go to work from nine to five? M: Ah…there’re two advantages really. One is that if you feel tired, you don’t have to get up, and the other is that you can spend your time doing things you want to do rather than being forced to do the same thing all the time. W: Do you really enjoy working at home?M: Y es, I do.T ext 8W: Julia and I are driving downtown this afternoon. Want to come, Tom?M: Thanks, Cathy. But I’ve got to study. I’m behind in chemistry.W: Well, in that case, is there anything we can get for you?M: Gee, I left my watch to be fixed at Gilson’s the other day. It should be ready by now.W: If you’ve got the claim check, I’d be glad to pick it up.M: Well, Cathy, now that I think about it, I’ve got something else to do downtown. I have to buy something at the supermarket. Maybe I’d better go with you.W: W e’ll be leaving from the parking lot. I’m behind with my work so we’ll only be there a couple of hours.M: Oh. If it’s only a couple of hours, I can certainly go.W: Great! See you in a few minutes.T ext 9W: Can I help you?M: Y es. I wonder if you could look at Harry’s leg.W: What’s the matter with it?M: He was bitten by a dog yesterday evening. It was bleeding quite badly.W: Let’s have a look at it then. I see. What did you do before bringing him here?M: I washed the wound under running water for a few minutes. Then I dried it with a clean cloth and tied another piece of clean, cloth around it.W: Have you had any pain? Does it hurt?M: Y es, it does hurt a bit.W: Was it your dog?M: No. It belongs to a neighbor.W: This is very important. The dog must be examined immediately.M: Why is that? The dog is usually very friendly.W: If the dog has a disease that makes it bite people, your son could die.T ext 10Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. I want to take a little of your time to let you know about a short training program the company is now planning. The program is called “Learning From Adventure”. It is designed to develop leadership skills. There will be lectures on public relations and management as well as outdoor activities, such as climbing mountains, long distance running, and camping. Y ou don’t need any past experience.There will be no end-of-program test. However, the company will receive a full report on your performance. Y ou are sure to improve your ability to help others to realize their goals and to deal with difficult tasks under difficult conditions.The twelve-day program will be in July. If you like, you can use part of your twenty-day paid holidays. There’s no charge for this program. If you’re interested, please write your name on the piece of paper after the meeting. Thank you.。

【恒心】【好卷速递】2012年大连市高三第二次模拟考试文科综合标准答案【教师专版】

【恒心】【好卷速递】2012年大连市高三第二次模拟考试文科综合标准答案【教师专版】

2012年大连市高三第二次模拟考试文科综合地理参考答案一、选择题1C 2B 3B 4D 5C 6C 7C 8D 9D 10D 11C二、综合题36.(24分)(1)该海域为内海,海域较封闭,与外海水体交换少,自净能力差;溢油时间较长,溢油量大;该季节东南风盛行,海域位于盛行风下风向,油污聚集不易扩散污染严重(每点2分,共6分)(2)甲区:草场破坏(荒漠化);水资源减少,生物多样性减少(1点即可)乙区:土地荒漠化丙区:水土流失(每点2分,共6分)(3)问题1:本区水资源匮乏措施:跨流域调水,或海水淡化;节约用水,科学用水(灌溉方式的改变)。

问题2:能源不足措施:西电东送;西煤东运或北油、北煤南运,建核电站等;节约能源;提高能源利用效率。

问题3:土地资源减少措施:合理规划城市用地及工程建设用地;节约用地;提升采矿区土地复垦利用率。

问题4:生物资源锐减措施:保护生物资源的多样性;植树造林;生态脆弱区,实行退耕还林工程。

(2点问题、各2分,对应措施4分,共12分,答案合理可酌情赋分)37.(22分)(1)丰富的资源(能源资源丰富,水资源丰富);便利的水陆交通;工业基础好;广阔的消费市场;先进科技。

(每点2分,3点即可,共6分)(2)伏尔加河下游:商品谷物农业纬度高,气温偏低降水较少,农业生产不稳定、(每点2分,共4分)莱茵河下游:乳畜业或混合农业气候冷湿,光热不足(每点2分,共4分)(3)流域内降水量更丰富,水量大;无结冰期;植被覆盖率更高,河流含沙量小;流域水位季节变化更小;流经西欧主要工业区,沿岸航运需求量更大。

(每点2分,4点即可,共8分)41.(10分)【地理—旅游地理】大连金石滩、千山;蓬莱、泰山、曲阜孔庙(辽宁、山东各1点即可,每点2分共4分)旅游资源互补,旅游资源的集群状况更好;景观的地域组合状况更好;旅游线路优化。

(每点2分,共6分)42.(10分)【自然灾害与防治】距冬季风的源地近;中部平原地势平坦(每点2分,共4分)沙尘覆盖植物叶片,影响植物光合作用,降低农作物产量;影响交通安全,造成飞机不能正常起降,使汽车、火车车辆玻璃破损或脱轨;生态环境恶化,空气混浊;沙尘、病菌侵入人体,导致大量呼吸道或其他疾病发生。

2012年大连市二模英语试题答案

2012年大连市二模英语试题答案

2012年大连市高三第二次模拟考试英语参考答案听力部分(1.5×20=30)1~5 CABAC 6~10 CBACA 11~15 ABCBC 16~20 BCABC单项填空(1×15=15)21~25 ACBCD 26~30 DCABB 31~35 ACCBD完形填空(1.5×20=30)36~40 BACCA 41~45 DDABB 46~50 BCDCA 51~55 DBCDA阅读理解(2×20=40)56~59 BDAD 60~62 CAD 63~66 BCDB 67~70 ACAD71~75 CFGBD短文改错(1×10=10)As we know, when senior students finish their school, most of theirreference books are thrown away, which arestill in good conditions. What aconditiongreat waste it is!I suggested that we should recycle all thisbooks. On the one hand, suggest theserecycling them can save a lot of natural resources, which are used to maketextbooks. On the other hand, the notes onthe books are helpful to whoeverinneed them.needsIn fact, recycling textbooks has been increasing popular in such countriesincreasinglyas America and Australia. We should learn from them, but make every effortandto build∧energy-saving society. In my opinion, it is of many benefit both toan muchour present and to our future.书面表达(25分)One possible version:One day, Lily and Lina were going to school happily when a speeding car ran into them. Oneof them was seriously injured and lay on the street, unconscious. Seeing the terrible scene, the driver drove his car away as fast as he could without stopping. At the very moment, some passersby rushed over. One man called 120 to get help. Minutes later, an ambulance came with a siren wailing. The injured girl was carried into the ambulance by a passerby and sent quickly to hospital.From the story we can see such people as the guilty driver should be punished by law. We do believe more people with a sense of justice can be found in our society.(119 words)二模听力录音稿第一节Text 1M: Does Amy dance?W: Well, that’s her on stage now. She performs expertly.Text 2W: Listen! What’s that noise?M: Look out of the window and you’ll see. The cat is out in the backyard playing with a piece of the vase I broke yesterday. Text 3W: How was the food at the New Mexican restaurant?M: I haven’t eaten there yet. I drove there last night but fround that it was not open on Wednesdays, so I tried the French place next door. It was very good.Text 4W: The American custom of using first names is so difficult for me.M: I don’t usually call my professors by their first names.Text 5W: Dear son, have you given the goldfish fresh water today?M: No need. They haven’t finished what I gave them yesterday.第二节Text 6M: How is the weather today?W: It’s very cold and wet.M: Are winters like this every year in this place?W: Almost so. But it was a little colder last year.M: Now I know why people here have thick clothes on.W: What is the weather like in winter in yourcountry?M: It’s quite different from yours. It’s warm and hot in my hometown all the year round. W: You are very lucky then.M: Well, some people in my country want to have your weather.Text 7W: Michael, do you go out to work?M: Not regularly. I used to have a job in a publishing company, but now I do the things I want to do. Some of them get paid like lecturing and teaching, while others don’t.W: What are the advantages of not having to go to work from nine to five?M: Ah…there’re two advantages really. One is that if you feel tired, you don’t have to get up, and the other is that you canspend your time doing things you want to do rather than being forced to do the same thing all the time.W: Do you really enjoy working at home? M: Yes, I do.Text 8W: Julia and I are driving downtown this afternoon. Want to come, Tom?M: Thanks, Cathy. But I’ve got to study. I’m behind in chemistry.W: Well, in that case, is there anything we can get for you?M: Gee, I left my watch to be fixed at Gilson’s the other day. It should be ready by now. W: If you’ve got the claim check, I’d be glad to pick it up.M: Well, Cathy, now that I think about it, I’ve got something else to do downtown. Ihave to buy something at the supermarket.Maybe I’d better go with you.W: We’ll be leaving from the parking lot. I’m behind with my work so we’ll only be there a couple of hours.M: Oh. If it’s only a couple of hours, I can certainly go.W: Great! See you in a few minutes.Text 9W: Can I help you?M: Yes. I wonder if you could look at Harry’s leg.W: What’s the matter with it?M: He was bitten by a dog yesterday evening.It was bleeding quite badly.W: Let’s have a look at it then. I see. What did you do before bringing him here? M: I washed the wound under running water fora few minutes. Then I dried it with a cleancloth and tied another piece of clean, cloth around it.W: Have you had any pain? Does it hurt? M: Yes, it does hurt a bit.W: Was it your dog?M: No. It belongs to a neighbor.W: This is very important. The dog must be examined immediately.M: Why is that? The dog is usually very friendly.W: If the dog has a disease that makes it bite people, your son could die.Text 10Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. I want to take a little of your time to let you know about a short training program the company is now planning. The program is called“Learning From Adventure”. It is designed to develop leadership skills. There will be lectures on public relations and management as well as outdoor activities, such as climbing mountains, long distance running, and camping. You don’t need any past experience.There will be no end-of-program test.However, the company will receive a full report on your performance. You are sure to improve your ability to help others to realize their goals and to deal with difficult tasks under difficult conditions. The twelve-day program will be in July. If you like, you can use part of your twenty-day paid holidays. There’s no charge for this program. If you’re interested, please write your name on the piece of paper after themeeting. Thank you.。

辽宁大连市、沈阳市2012届高三第二次联合考试

辽宁大连市、沈阳市2012届高三第二次联合考试

辽宁大连市、沈阳市2012届高三第二次联合考试理科综合能力测试本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。

试卷满分300分。

考试时间150分钟。

考生注意:1.答题前,考生务必将自己的准考证号、姓名填写在答题卡上。

考生要认真核对答题卡上粘贴的条形码中“准考证号、姓名、考试科目”与考生本人准考证号、姓名是否一致。

2.第1卷每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

第Ⅱ卷用黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写作答,在试题卷上作答,答案无效。

3.考试结束,监考员将试题卷、答题卡一并收回。

第I卷(选择题共126分)本卷共21小题,每小题6分,共126分。

以下数据可供解题时参考:可能用到的相对的原子质量:H1 Li 7 C12 N14 O 16 Na 23 Al 27 Fe 56 Cu 64 一、选择题:本大题共13小题,每小题6分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1.下列有关酶的叙述正确的是A.都能被蛋白酶水解而失去其活性B.都只能催化一种物质的化学反应C.高温和低温对酶空间结构的影响相同D.都能降低反应的活化能且具有高效性2.下列关于细胞结构和生物体内化合物的叙述正确的是A.抗体、激素、tRNA发挥一次作用后都将失去生物活性B.ATP脱去两个磷酸基团后成为RNA的基本组成单位之一C.蓝藻和绿藻都能进行光合作用,故二者含有的光合色素相同D.细菌代谢速率极快,细胞膜和细胞器膜为其提供了结构基础34A.该图表示的细胞为已分化的动物细胞B.该图表示了中心法则中的全部内容C.与图示过程相关的RNA种类有三种D.图示过程中核糖体移动的方向是从a到b5.下列关于植物激素的叙述错误的是A.生长素既能促进发芽也能抑制发芽B.细胞分裂素主要由顶芽产生C.脱落酸可促进叶片衰老和脱落D.植物激素自身的合成受基因组控制6.蛙受精卵的下部含有一些特殊的蛋白质和mRNA,称为生殖质。

辽宁省大连市、沈阳市2012届高三第二次联合考试历史

辽宁省大连市、沈阳市2012届高三第二次联合考试历史

大连市、沈阳市2012届高三第二次联合考试文科综合能力测试本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。

01至41题为必考题,42至48题为选考题。

试卷满分300分。

考试时间150分钟。

考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I卷本卷共35个小题,每小题4分,共140分。

在每个小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

24.古人云:“天子之耳不能自聪,天子之目不能自明”。

因此,中国古代建立了A.监察制度B.三公制度C.谏议制度D.选官制度25.阅读下表此表能够反映出明朝时朝A.政府在货币比价上体现了统一守恒的观念B.在货币比价上政府被迫服从商品经济客观规律C.货币形态单一,政府严格控制货币的发行D.货币比价上的变化使国家受损、官员获利26.《春秋繁露》记载:“古之造文者,三画连其中,谓之王,三画者,天地人,而连其中,通其道也,谓之王。

”材料体现了A.天人感应思想B.制天命而用之C.阴阳五行学说D.封建等级思想27.以普罗塔哥拉为代表的古希腊智者学派与以孔子为代表的儒家学派的不同之处是A.具有人文意识B.提倡独立思考C.关注现实社会D.评判事物标准28.根据1871年开始生效的德意志帝国宪法文本,这个新的民族国家称为“德意志联邦”,其最高首脑为“联邦主席”。

直到威廉一世加冕时,人们才从发布的皇帝宣言中得知,“联邦主席”改成了“德意志皇帝”。

原来,威廉一世希望自己被称为“德国皇帝”,这一要求遭到巴伐利亚国王和符滕堡国王的反对,最后威廉一世接受了“德意志皇帝”称号。

上述材料表明:A.德意志帝国不适合建立联邦制B.德意志帝国仍是封建专制政体C.德意志帝国分裂割据局面仍没有消除D.德意志帝国存在集权与分权主义之争29.为了避免各家竞相降价揽载的“自杀性竞争”,1878~1884年,刚刚成立不久的轮船招商局与英国的太古、怡和公司三次达成协议——《齐价合同》,中外公司在各条航线上共同议定统一的价格,确定水脚收入和货源分配方案。

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2012年大连市高三第二次模拟考试
文科综合(历史)参考答案
一、选择题
题号24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 答案 B D D B A C A D C A B C
二、材料解析题
40.(37分)
(1)观点:作者对弋阳腔的发展演变持否定态度;认为昆曲是正音(或标准的戏曲)。

(4分)
评述:弋阳腔只有因地制宜的发展,才能促进戏曲艺术的繁荣;(3分)作者有意抬高昆曲的地位而降低其他剧种的地位,观点有失偏颇,带有明显的主观色彩。

(3分)(言之有理,可酌情给分)
(2)主要原因:社会经济尤其是工商业经济的发展;市民阶层的兴起;文人队伍的扩大;民众的文化娱乐需求增多。

(8分)
(3)原因:昆曲不适应普通百姓的需求;“花部”的内容反映了传统文化的主流思想;“花部”通俗易懂;“花部”音调感人,振奋人心。

(4分)
说明:只有符合普通民众的思想认同和大众的欣赏水平,并给予民众精神鼓励的剧种才会受到广泛认可。

(3分)(言之有理,可酌情给分)
(4)评述:请按照评分标准的要求,言之有理即可得分。

评分标准:
一等(12~10分)
①紧扣评论对象,观点明确;②合理引用史实,进行多角度评论;③论证充分,逻辑严密,表述清楚。

二等(9~5分)
①能够结合评论对象,观点较明确;②引用史实,评论角度单一;③论证较完整,表述清楚。

三等(4~0分)
①偏离评论对象,观点不明确;②未引用史实;③论证欠缺说服力,表述不清楚。

观点:1.判断一种文化的优劣很难找到客观的标准。

2. 一种文化能够形成、存在并且延续或发展,总是有一定的合理或必然性。

依据:1.以材料一、三的相关内容进行评述(人的意识和感情影响着评判优劣的标准)。

2.以材料二、三的相关内容进行评述(昆曲和花部的流行和发展可以证明)
以上仅供参考。

44.(15分)
(1)背景:1928年,国民政府实现了对全国的统治;(2分)国共两党形成对峙局面;(2分)1929~1933年资本主义世界爆发经济危机。

(2分)(2)受国际国内因素的影响,国民政府推行了法币政策。

(2分)法币政策实施之初,有利于经济的稳定和发展(2分),后来为了战争的需要,国民政府采取通货膨胀政策,导致了法币的贬值和崩溃(2分),对社会经济发展不利(2分),广大民众的利益受损(1分)。

(言之有理,可酌情给分)45.(15分)
(1)理由:黑人是劣种人;(1分)制定并通过《独立宣言》的人民中不包括黑人。

(1分)
重大问题:存在种族歧视和黑人遭受不平等政治待遇的现象;(2分)存在黑人奴隶制度。

(2分)
(2)关于黑人奴隶制度问题,无论是法律上还是现实生活中,在以后的美国被彻底废除了。

(4分)关于种族歧视和黑人遭受不平等的政治待遇,在法律上得到了解决,但是在现实生活中,这一问题仍然存在。

(4分)20世纪60年代爆发的黑人民权运动就是有力的证明。

(1分)(言之有理,可酌情给分)
46.(15分)
(1)突出特点:运用高科技;(2分)采取空中打击。

(2分)启示:必须科技强军,加强国防力量。

(3分)
(2)评述:这场战争的爆发是在世界多极化趋势下美国霸权主义政策的体现;(3分)损害了联合国的威信,破坏了世界和平;(2分)战争的爆发表明,两极格局结束后,世界仍然存在着动荡的因素,全世界爱好和平的人们应该共同努力,防止类似战争的爆发。

(3分)(言之有理,可酌情给分)47.(15分)
(1)核心思想:中学为体,西学为用。

(4分)背景:西学东渐。

(3分)(言之有理,可酌情给分)
(2)张之洞提倡学习“西学”,这有利于西方先进文化在中国的传播,进而有利于近代中国社会的转型,推动中国近代化进程;(4分)以“中学为本”,目的是维护封建统治,这违背了历史发展潮流,不利于中国社会的进步。

(4分)。

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