宾语补足语与主谓一致
牛津译林版 Module3Unit3语法梳理-宾语补足语,主谓一致
宾语补足语考情分析宾语补足语在高考中所占比重较大。
几乎在所有的高考语篇中都会有宾语补足语出现，阅读理解、完形填空中还会出现针对宾语补足语的考查点，在语法填空和短文改错中一般也会出现一个有关宾语补足语的考点。
另外，在书面表达中恰当地使用宾语补足语，能使作文增分不少。
在英语中，有些动词后除了有一个宾语外，还需要一个成分来补充说明宾语的情况，这样，句子意思才能完整，这种成分在英语中被称为宾语补足语。
一、可以接宾语补足语的动词1.感官动词feel,hear,listen to,see,watch,notice,observe,look at(一感二听五看)及find 等既可以接现在分词又可以接过去分词充当宾语补足语。
2.表示“使，让”的动词get，have等既可以接现在分词又可以接过去分词充当宾语补足语。
3.表示“意愿”的动词如：like，want，wish，expect等可接过去分词充当宾语补足语。
温馨提示1.set,start,catch常跟现在分词作宾语补足语。
2.下列动词后的不定式作宾补时省略to：一感(feel)二听(listen to,hear)三让(let，make，have)四看(see，watch,observe，notice)。
I can't have you say so.我不能让你这么说。
You should try your best to make him understand that.你应该尽最大的努力让他明白那件事。
We observed the students do the physical experiment.我们观察了学生做物理实验。
二、宾语补足语的几种类型1.名词(包括名词性物主代词）作宾语补足语I can't understand why people elected her monitor.我不明白人们为什么选她当班长。
2.形容词(短语）作宾语补足语Please keep the windows open.We need more fresh air.请让窗户开着。
中的主谓一致和主谓宾宾补关系
中的主谓一致和主谓宾宾补关系主谓一致和主谓宾宾宾补关系是语法中的重要知识点。
在句子中，主语与谓语之间的关系需要保持一致，即主语为单数时，谓语也要用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语也要用复数形式。
另外，主语与宾语、宾补之间也存在特定的关系，需要使用正确的词语进行连接。
本文将针对主谓一致和主谓宾宾宾补关系进行详细讨论。
主谓一致是指主语与谓语在数和人称上保持一致。
例如，在句子"The cat eats fish"（这只猫吃鱼）中，主语"cat"（猫）是单数形式，而谓语"eats"（吃）也采用了单数形式，保持了主谓一致。
再比如，在句子"They eat apples"（他们吃苹果）中，主语"They"（他们）是复数形式，而谓语"eat"（吃）也采用了复数形式，保持了主谓一致。
主谓宾宾补关系是指主语与宾语之间存在一种宾语补语，用来进一步说明宾语的特性或状态。
常见的宾语补语有形容词、名词和不定式等。
在这种关系中，谓语同时和宾语和宾语补语保持一致。
例如，在句子"I find the movie interesting"（我觉得这部电影有趣）中，主语"I"（我）的谓语"find"（觉得）同时与宾语"the movie"（这部电影）和宾语补语"interesting"（有趣）保持一致。
除了宾语补语，还有宾补在主谓宾句型中起着类似的作用。
宾补也是指用来补充说明宾语的内容，常见的有形容词、副词和名词等。
在主谓宾句型中，宾补与宾语之间需要保持一致。
例如，在句子"He made me happy"（他让我开心）中，宾语"me"（我）的宾补"happy"（开心）与宾语保持一致。
专题11 宾语补足语、主谓一致及仿写
天舟大课堂
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全效优方案·英语
12 ．在主语从句中，整个句子作主语，一般被视 为单数形式，谓语动词也一般用第三人称单数形式。 但有时由what 引起的主语从句，谓语动词用第三人 称单数还是非第三人称单数形式，随意思而定。 What he said is correct. What she left me are a few books. 13 ．非谓语动词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单 数形式。 Seeing is believing.
天舟大课堂
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全效优方案·英语
8．在百分数、分数等后面，如果跟可数名词，动 词用非第三人称单数；如果跟不可数名词，动词用 第三人称单数形式。 55 percent of the students are girls in our school. 80 percent of the work has been done. 注意：词组one and a half后面虽跟可数名词，谓语 动词还是要用第三人称单数形式。
天舟大课堂
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全效优方案·英语
10．如果一个句子由there或here引起，而主语又不 只有一个，那么谓语动词的数由第一个主语的单、 复数形式决定。 There is a supermarket and many other shops here. 11. none作为主语，谓语动词既可以用第三人称单 数形式也可以用非第三人称单数形式。 None has/have seen the effect of such a sunset.
Not only you but also he has been to Cairo.
天舟大课堂
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全效优方案·英语
6．其他一些用法：neither of, either of及each of 连 接的词组作主语时，句子的谓语动词应是第三人称 单数形式，但前两个短语连接的词组作主语，在口 语中也可用非第三人称单数形式。 Either of us has learned the new textbook. Neither of you know(s) the answer. 7．“more than one ＋名词”作主语，谓语动词多 用第三人称单数形式，但也有非第三人称单数表达 的。 More than one team enter(s) for the relay race.
原原高英语语法口诀
原原高英语语法口诀
以下是一些常见的高中英语语法口诀：
1. 主谓一致：动词与主语数保持一致，单数主语用单数动词，复数主语用复数动词。
2. 宾语补足语：及物动词后面接宾语，某些动词需要宾语补足语来补充说明宾语。
3. 名词所有格：名词加's表示所属关系，如Tom's book （汤姆的书）。
4. 不定代词：有人称、数和格的变化，如I, me, my; he, him, his等。
5. 时态：一般现在时表示经常性的动作或事实，一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或状态，现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。
6. 被动语态：由be+过去分词构成，表示句子的主语是动作的承受者而不是执行者。
这些口诀可以帮助你记忆和理解英语语法规则，但请注意口诀只作为辅助工具，实际学习还需结合具体语法规则和例句来深入理解。
如果你有具体的语法问题，欢迎向我提问，我将尽力帮助你。
M3U3宾语补足语与主谓一致精讲精练
M3U3宾语补足语与主谓一致精讲精练M3U3 Back to the past Grammar and Usage语法精析一、宾语补足语的概念在英语中有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要有一个其它的成分，来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，这个补充成分称为宾语补足语，简称宾补。
二、宾语补足语的形式：常见的宾语补足语有以下形式：名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，现在分词，过去分词动词不定式。
例如：1. She found him a very clever boy .2. He had a strange way of making his class lively and interesting .3. Last Sun day I saw you out with your sister .4. To her surprise，she found herself in a different world.5.1 saw him doing his homework whe n I passed his win dow.6. When he woke up，he found himself covered with a coat.7. The villagers did not allow them to build a factory there.三、常见的几种宾语补足语：1. 名词作宾补时He makes it a rule to exercise every day.People call the place the Golde nTria ngle.We elected himpresident of the country.注意：当名词表示独一无二的职务、头衔时，作宾补的名词前通常不用冠词。
2. 不定式作宾补时1) 常接带to 的不定式作宾补的动词：ask/ advise / allow / permit/ forbid/ force / expect /want / wish / cause / warn / tell / order / would like / remindsb( not )to do 等。
宾语补足语及主谓一致
宾语补足语及主谓一致Ⅰ. 宾语补足语宾语补足语是对宾语作进一步的补充说明。
某些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成符合宾语。
复合宾语的第一部分通常由名词或代词充当，第二部分表示第一部分的特征，称为宾语补足语。
宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词及动词的不定式来充当：1. 名词：eg. They named their daughter Jenny。
他们给女儿取名叫珍妮。
They thought this good advice. 他们认为这是好的建议。
【注意】(1) 常用名词充当宾补的动词有：call, name, elect, choose, make, think, find, consider, keep等(2) 充当宾补的名词若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔、职位时，前面一般不用冠词。
eg. They elected John chairman of the committee. 他们选举约翰为委员会主席。
2. 形容词：eg. You should keep your room clean and tidy.你应该保持房间干净整洁。
We’d better leave the door open. 我们最好把门敞开。
3. 副词和介词短语：eg. Why didn’t you invite them in? 为什么不邀请他们进来？The teacher came in, with a book in his hand.4. 现在分词：eg. I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face.我可以感觉到凉风吹在我脸上。
5. 过去分词：eg. Last year they had their house rebuilt. 去年他们重建了房子。
江苏省盐城中学高中英语 宾语补足语 主谓一致学案 牛津译林版必修2
Module3 Unit3 GrammarI．宾语补足语（Object Complement）一、宾语补足语的定义宾语补足语是用于补充说明宾语的成分，常常放在宾语之后，和宾语一起构成复合宾语。
常用的动词有：make, consider, see, find, have, let, leave等等。
二、宾语补足语的表现形式有宾语补足语的一般句型为：及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语。
宾语补足语在句中有以下几种表达方式：1. 用名词表示： We consider him an excellent teacher.2. 用形容词及其短语表示： They painted their boat white.I saw him young and strong, and now he’s old a nd worn.3. 用不定式表示： You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.Nobody noticed him enter the room.4. 用现在分词表示： We saw her entering the room.5. 用过去分词表示： They found the city greatly changed.6. 用介词短语表示： We found everything in the lab in good order.7. 用副词表示： Let the fresh air in.8. 用从句表示： We will soon make our city what your cit y is now.注意：能在复合宾语中用形式宾语it 的动词常见的有：think, find, consider, feel, make等。
三、宾语补足语的用法归纳一）使役动词后宾语补足语的用法：1. make + n. + O.C.(adj. / n. / do / done)We made him captain of our football team.The film made him famous.He couldn’t make himself heard above the noise of the traffic.What makes the grass grow?注意：当不定式作make 的宾语补足语时，变为被动语态时一定要加 to.The boy was made to work twelve hours a day.2. have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事The teacher had her recite the text again.have sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事He had the boy standing the whole morning.have sth. done 使某事被做；遭遇某种不幸He had his house painted this morning.Be careful, or you’ll have your hands hurt.3. leave + n. + O.C. (adj. / n. / prep.phrase / doing / done)He left the door open when he went out.His parents both died last year, leaving him an orphan.The headmaster left him in charge of the school.They walked off and left me sitting there alone.Did you leave the doors and windows properly locked?二）感官动词后宾语补足语的用法表示感觉和心理状态的动词（hear / listen to / look at / watch / see / notice/ observe/ feel 等）的宾语补足语可以用省略to 的动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词表示。
宾语补足语和主谓一致精讲
宾语补足语和主谓一致1.观察思考：一．说出下列句子中斜体部分的成分1．We all made Li Hua our monitor.2．The teacher asked us to leave the door open3．We find this advertisement very interesting.4．Please keep the cat out.5. I am often kept at home all day long on Sunday二．比较两句句意1.You can write the speech either in English or in Chinese.2.It is neither your fault nor mine. It’s your friend Jack’s fault.归纳总结：I.宾语补足语就是用，，，，等对宾语进行补充或说明。
巩固练习:1.They all call the machine________(机器人).2.Why did you have lights ______all night(亮着)?3.We consider him_________________ (是位诚实的孩子).4. you must improve your work I shall dismiss you.(either…or / neither…nor)2.观察思考：Fill in the blanks with the right verb forms:1.Th e people’s republic of China _____(be) founded in 1949.2.The food they offered on the plane ____(be) delicious.3. No one except two teachers________( know) the secret.4. All my family _____ (get) up early in the morning.归纳总结：定义：英语中，谓语动词必须和主语在和上保持一致，即主谓一致。
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宾语补足语与主谓一致教学目标：1.掌握宾语补足语和在语境中运用宾语补足语2. 掌握主谓一致。
宾语补足语一．英语的五个基本句型结构：S 十V 主谓结构He runs quickly．他跑得快。
S 十V 十P 主系表结构The story sounds interesting．这个故事听起来有趣。
S 十V 十O 主谓宾结构They built a house last year．他们去年建了一所房子。
1 2 ．他把座位让给我。
They found her happy that day．他们发现那天她很高兴。
I found him out．我发现他出去了。
They named the boy Charlie．他们给这个男孩起名为查理。
I saw him come in and go out．我见他进来又出去。
They felt the car moving fast．他们感到汽车行驶得很快。
He found the door of study closed to him．他发现研究所的大门对他关闭了。
说明：S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语；O＝宾语；O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语；C＝宾语补足语二．宾语补足语：1．定义：The object complement gives more information about the object.顾名思义，宾补是补充说明宾语，使句子意义完整的句子成分。
2．使用场合：Verb + object + object complement3,可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：(1)、：We made him our monitor.They thought this good advice.They named their daughter Jenny.注：充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔、职位时，前面一般不用冠词。
They elected John chairman of the committee.(2)、：You should keep your room clean and tidy.We’d better leave the door open.We found the ruins most interesting.(3).He left his bag in the office.We found ourselves in the middle of a desert.(4).He opened the window to let the fresh air in.I saw him out with his father the day before yesterday.(5)、：I’m sorry to have you waiting for so long.I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face.At this moment she noticed the teacher coming in.(6). ：When he wake up, he found himself tied to a tree.He raised his voice to make himself heard.I had my watch repaired yesterday.(7).My mother allowed me to play games for a while.Can you make your car park over there?注：(1)..使用不定式作宾语补足语时，五看（）三使（）两听（）一感觉（）后接省略to 的不定式(2).help 一词后的不定式，可带to，也可以不带to。
4、在复合宾语中，宾语通常为名词或代词，但有时也可以用不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或that从句来充当。
一般情况下，宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后。
值得注意的是：think, find, consider, feel, make, take等动词应使用先行it代替宾语，it后面应接宾补，而将真正的宾语移到句子的后部I felt it necessary to speak about our shortcomings.I think it very important to attend this meeting.We all thought it a pity t hat you couldn’t join us.注意：在这种结构中，宾语补足语通常为名词或形容词；常用于这种结构的动词有：等。
【小结】1. 宾语补足语是补充宾语的成分,通常置于宾语之后。
宾语+宾语补足语=>复合宾语。
2. 可以用作宾补的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词。
3. 能带宾补的动词一定是及物动词。
4. 主动语态句子中的宾语在被动语态句子中是主语，相应的宾补就成为主补。
常跟宾语补足语的动词：第一类感官动词, 所接的宾补可以是不带to的动词不定式，也可以是现在分词或过去分词。
feel, hear, listen to, notice, observe, see, watch, look atI saw him cross/crossing the road. => He was seen___________/ ____________ the road.但变为被动语态时,不定式的to要还原。
第二类, 使役动词,所接的宾补多为动词不定式或过去分词。
如：let, have, get, make, would like, want等。
This makes people know the importance of protecting the environment.If you are back, will you please make yourself known to me?The machine doesn’t work. I must have it repaired right now.第三类, 含命名意义的动词, 所接的宾补一般是名词。
如：call, name, appoint, elect, make, consider等。
Call me Joe, please. She was elected president of the company.第四类, v + sb. + to do sth. 结构中的动词, 所接的宾补一般是不定式。
advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, expect, force, get, help, inspire, invite, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, teach, tell, train, urge, want, warn, wish, report等第五类, find, keep, leave 等几个词的用法非常灵活, 后面所接的宾补可以是形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词等。
We found it very difficult to solve the problem.How can you keep them waiting for so long?Keep the door closed.宾语补足语的主要考查方向：Ⅰ､make用作使役动词表示“使；使成为”时，可跟复合结构，即“make+宾语+宾语补足语”，其中的宾语补足语可以是形容词或名词､不带to的不定式､过去分词。
1. 我们推选他为我们足球队队长。
We made him captain of our football team.2. 我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。
The news that our team had won made us very happy.3. 大雨使得我们无法出去。
The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.4. 奇怪的声音使我们感到恐惧。
The strange noise made us frightened.5. 在交通嘈杂声中他无法使自己的声音提高到让别人听到。
He couldn’t make himself heard above the noise of the traffic.6. 什么东西使得草生长?What makes the grass grow?注意：过去分词作make的宾语补足语时，变为被动语态不用加to；但当不定式作其宾补时，变为被动语态一定要加to。
这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。
The boy was made to work twelve hours a day.【你来试试】1. Paul doesn’t have to be made ____. He always works hard.A. learnB. to learnC. learnedD. learning2. The result of the entrance exams was not made ____ to the public until last Thursday.A. knowingB. knownC. to knowD. to be knownⅡ､have 表示“使得……”，其后接宾语补足语，常用以下句型：have sb. do sth. 要求某人做某事have sb. doing sth. 使得某人一直做某事have sth. done 使得某事被做(含有请某人去做的含义或遭遇到某事）【你来试试】1. The teacher had her _____________ (recite) the text again.2. He wants to have his eyes _________________ (examine) tomorrow.3. Be careful，or you’ll have your hands _________________(hurt).4. He had the girl ________________ (stand) in the classroom the whole morning.5. He had the walls ________________ (paint) this morning.6. We will have you ___ (know) that the machine has been made ____ (work) at full speed.7. I’ve had my radio ____________ so soon because my father had me __________ it.A. repair；doneB. repaired；doC. repairing；doD. repaired；done8. You can’t have the horse ____ all the way. It’s too hot.A. runB. to runC. runningD. to be running9. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ____ went wrong again.A. itB. it repairedC. repairedD. to be repairedⅢ､leave作使役动词，表示“使/让……保持某种状态”。