汉语时兴新词的英译

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汉语特色新词及其英译

改革开放３年来，国政治、济、１我经文释，以说明源语文化或源语的一些特性。ｙｕｐｏｌｔａｂｇｏｒａｇｈａｏ化、社会生活等方面均已发生天翻地覆的翁（ｏｎｅｐｅｗｉｉｌｎｆｍ实际上就是将原文中的“ 隐含成分” ａｋ，ｏｙｎｅｐｅｏｓｅｄ增词，变化，科学的发展，生产力的提高，社会的ｂｎ）月光族（ｕｇｐｏｌｗｈｐｎ（ｉｅａｉ）ｈｄｎｍｅｎｎ表达出来，ｄｇ增词不但不违ｕ１蚁ａ）ａｔｔｉ）８ｂ８Ｓ变革，明的进步，际关系的调整，代ｏｔｌ，族（ｎｒｅ，０后（Ｏ’ 文人时信” 而ｇｎｒｔｎ，ｅｅａｉ）房奴（ｏｓｌｅ）走过场背“ 的翻译原则，且可以使译文更确ｏｈｕｅｓａｓ，ｖ脉搏的跳动，都在汉语言尤其是汉语新语切，达意更清楚，理更通顺，文使译文受众ｇｈｏｇｉｓ，ｈｍｏｏｓｏｆ、汇新词义（ｅｌｉ中得到了反映，ｎｏｏｓｇｍ）并使（ｏｔｒｕｈｔｅｔｎ）恶搞（ｐｏ）春更准确、顺利地了解原文作者的本意。更ｐｓｅｒｒｎｐｔｒｎｔｅＳｒｎｇｏｄｇｇ得我国的汉语言文化宝库不断得以丰富。运（ａｓｎｅｓｔａｓｒｕｉｈｐｉ美国作家、诗人泰勒（ａａｄＴｙｏ１２Ｂｙｒａｌｒ，８５ｅｔ１黄ｖｓａｐｒ，ｂ这些新语词是我国当代社会特有事物、特Ｆｓｉａ）牛党（ｃｌｅ）被统计（ｅ１７）曾有一句名言：Ｔｈｒｓｎ８８ “ ｅｅｉｏｃｕｔｄ、ｏｎｅ）被就业（ｅｅｌｙｄ等。网络ｂｍｐｅ）ｏ有现象的折射，蕴涵着鲜明的中国元素。ｍａｈｍａｉｓｗｉｈｕｌｓｏｎｓｗｈｃｔｅｔｃｔｏｔｐｕｒｍｉｕ。ｉｈｓｌｉｏｉｌ）型ｆｃｎａ随着改革开放领域的日渐扩大，中外新词汇如晒客族（ｅ－ｄｓｌｓｇｃｎ，ａａｏ男（ｔ０ｅｕｌｎ，偶稀饭粗稀饭” ｈｌｓｇｏｏｒｎｌｉｎ ” 没有加减就ｍｅｒ一ｓｘａｍｅ）“ ｏｄｏｄｆｒｔｓｔ．（交流与合作的机会日益增多，中国参与国没有算术，对翻译来说，也是如此。比如大）Ｉｕｔｌｅｉ，偶ｋｔ偶素恐龙 ” 际事务日趋深入，来越多的海外人士希（ｊｓｉ） “ ８素米女，越家都非常熟悉的 “ 三包 ” “ 无企业” 、三和Ｉｍｏａｔｕｂｔｌ） “ ｂｆｕ望更全面、更正确、更详尽地了解中国。与（’ ｎｔｅｕｉｌｕｇｙ，介素虾米东 “胡子工程 ” ，如直译成 “Ｔｒｅｈｅ ” Ｗｈｔｓｈｓ）此同时，为了走向世界，中国迫切需要通过东？（ａ’ ｔｉ ……这些都是所谓新新ｇａａｔｅ ” “ ｒｅ— ｎｕｒｎｅｓ、Ｔｈｅｏ— ｅｔｒｒｓ ”和ｎｅｐｉｅ人类热衷的网络语言。有效的对外展示和宣传来提高国际传播效 “ ｅｍｒｊｔ，ｂａｐｏｃ” 恐怕外国人不知你在讲什ｅ那么如何将这些特色新词译成准确、益，树立良好的国际形象，以期提高自己的么，以必须加上必要的解释和说明，三所 “ 使国际地位。而翻译具有自身的特殊性，具地道的英语，国际社会对中国的国情和包 ” 译为 “ ｈｅｕｒｎｅｓ（ｒｒｐｉ，可Ｔｒｅｇａａｔｅｆｅａｏｒ及时、客观的了解呢？笔者觉有“ 创造性，实效性，不易求证性” 等特点，发展有正确、

chinadaily时事新词英译

Push poll指以民调之名行影响民意之实的民意调查，目的不是收集人们的意见，而是影响人们的看法，即“推手民调”。

非屏幕时间（non-screen time）指家庭成员在每天的某些特定时段不使用手机等任何形式的屏幕设备。

Dating tours，以结识恋爱对象为目的的出游，即“相亲游”或“旅游相亲”，在中国众多未婚且过劳的白领当中日益受到欢迎。

与传统相亲方式不同的是，旅游相亲让参与的单身人士都处于一个放松、自然的状态，而且还让大家有更多的时间了解彼此经过前几年的普及，大家都知道草根的英文是grassroot。

那么，草根们的领袖用英语怎么说呢？Grasstop指某个社区或组织的领袖，即“草根领袖”。

Grasstop这个词是在grassroots（草根十一假期，有人可能出去旅游，有人回家探亲，有人则可能宅在屋里“狂看片”。

Binge viewing 就是英语里“狂看片”的说法，英国是从binge drinking（狂饮）这个表达演化而来的。

在家“狂看片”的人就是binge viewer。

Gangnam Style（江南风格，更广为人知的说法为“江南style”）是一个韩语新词，多用来形容首尔江南区走在时尚前沿、过着奢华生活的“弄潮儿”们。

江南区被认为是首尔市内最有钱的区域。

Gangnam Style相当于英语口语中的swag（拽）或yolo（you only live once，意为“人生只有一次”）。

在社会心理学中，群体极化（group polarization）指群体所作的决定一般都比其成员最初的意向更加极端。

如果个人最初的意向是要冒险的话，那么群体的决定会更加冒险；而如果个人最初的想法趋于谨慎的话，那么群体的决策会更加谨慎。

这种现象也说明群体态度的变化趋势是个人最初态度经过集体讨论后被强化的表现。

我们管“上有老，下有小”的中年一代叫做“三明治一代（sandwich generation）”，生动地描述了他们被夹在中间的困境。

汉语新词新译系列-F

汉语新词新译系列-F富二代(fu er dai)The second rich generationThe term refers to children of rich families in China who are usually born with a silver spoon. Unlike their parents making fortunes from scratch, they are entitled to inherit huge assets at birth. With strong financial backgrounds, this second generation features in media headlines for their extravagant spending on luxury cars and arrogant attitudes that annoy the public.飞毛腿(fei mao tui)bargain hunterSome young people are enthusiastic bargain hunters at all kinds of sales or service promotions. The expression originally refers to someone who is a fast runner.副卡(fu ka)Party partnerHe or she accompanies the opposite sex to a party as a lover, sometimes in the sense of an extramarital one which is clear to the other partygoers, though the relationship is not public or acknowledged.返聘(fan pin)returnmentThe term means inviting retired employees to return to the workforce, a phenomenon of an ageing society where fewer people are contributing to an occupational pension.发泄餐厅(fā xiè cān tīng)anger-venting restaurantThis refers to a special restaurant in Nanjing, which is perfect for anyone wanting to let off steam. It allows diners to smash anything in the restaurant, ranging from dishes and bowls to acoustic equipment, as long as they are willing to pay for the damages.复原乳(fuyuanru)reconstituted milkThe state standards administrative authority has recently told all dairy producers they must tell customers clearly whether the milk they sell is "reconstituted milk" or "pure fresh milk." Earlier, press reports disclosed that many dairy producers sold the formerunder the name of the latter in order to cut costs.房虫(fangchong)house bugPeople who buy apartments as an investment rather than accommodation are referred to as house bugs, or house investors. They are blamed on China's mainland for helping drive up the prices of newly developed houses beyond the means of urbanites with average incomes. The central government's policy to control the property market deals a heavy blow to the house bugs.福娃(fuwa)friendliesFriendlies is the official English name for the five mascots picked for the 2008 Olympics Games in Beijing, though each of the doll-like mascots has its own name, such as Beibei, Jingjing and Yingying. The selection marks the first time that more than three images will share Summer Olympic mascot duty.非法集资(feifa jizi)ponzi schemePonzi scheme, named after its early 20th century inventor Carlo Ponzi, is a form of fraudulent investment scam. In a recent case, a local woman allegedly defrauded more than 50 people, many of them friends and co-workers, out of 7.69 million yuan(US$949,400) involving the sale of pre-paid mobile cards.放鸽子(fanggezi)stand up, no-showThis Chinese term, flying a pigeon, derives from an old lottery scheme in Shanghai and the fact that the owner who sets free a trained homing pigeon would lose nothing since the bird always knows the way back home. Now, it is frequently used to describe the behavior of standing somebody up, playing no-show or offering empty promises.夫妻相(fuqixiang)husband-wife looksIn the west, people say if a couple live together long enough, the husband and wife tend to resemble each other and even become look-alike. In China, many believe that the marriage will last longer between a man and a woman who share some matching or similar facial features. So, the husband-wife looks are deemed as one of the criteria for looking for one's other half.伏都娃娃(fudu wawa)voodoo dollVoodoo dolls have hit the market in Shanghai as boys and girls buy them in the belief that the dolls can bring good luck to them and bad luck to their enemies. But don't bet all your luck on a small needle that pierces a voodoo doll. Better treat such a doll as fun, not your savior.反式脂肪(fanshi zhifang)trans fatTrans fat, also known as trans fatty acid, is made through the chemical process of hydrogenation of oils. It has been making headlines as consumers become aware that the artery-clogging fat is lurking in many food products, including fried fast food.负心汉(fuxinhan)love rat, love cheatA Website run by a young woman that exposes the private details of men who cheat their girlfriends of not only love, but also property has spawned many follow-up articles. But it has raised concerns about privacy rights and doubt about the credibility of the "sad stories."发烧友(fashaoyou)aficionado, buffThe Chinese term translates literally a "feverish friend." Next weekend the city will make another spectacular pirouette on the international stage as the world's greatest rock band, the Rolling Stones, plays their first Chinese mainland concert here. Naturally, the event is expected to attract hundreds of "feverish" rock fans.飞行特技(feixingteji)aerobaticsRussian air forces recently staged an airplane acrobatics show in the zhangjiajie tourist area in central China's Hunan Province. Daredevil though they may be, the air acrobatic team dropped a plan to fly through a hole on the peak of a local mountain because of the dangers and ensuing environment damage.发福(fafu)grow stoutChinese believe that middle-aged people putting on some weight is a sign ofwell-being. The Chinese character "fu"means felicity, and the term "fafu" is a propitious saying of gaining weight.饭搭子(fandazi)meal palThis term refers to office workers who lunch together. Many white-collar workers are seeking lunch pals via the Internet to share high prices as well as the delicious dishes in nearby restaurants.放倒钩(fangdaogou)booby trapA "reverse hook", as the Chinese term means, is dangerous for unsuspicious prey, because it's easy to swallow, but hard to spit out. In a recent case in the city, an official pretended to be a hitchhiker and offered driver a 10-yuan bill as a thank-you token at the end of the ride. But when the driver took the money, the official flashed his ID and pressed charges against the driver for "illegal carpooling".封口费(fengkoufei)gag feeThis is the price you pay to stop people with inside knowledge from talking about what they know. It can be paid in money, dinners or presents.飞特族(feitezu)freetersIt is a combination of English word "free" and the German word "arbeiter", which means worker. It refers to those who work only when they feel they need some money. They have a working time more flexible than freelancers. Usually freeters workpart-time in IT, advertising or other media outlets and most of them are well-known in their field of career.发嗲(fadia)act endearinglyIn Shanghai dialect, not only a young woman but also a man can employ endearment to attract attention or invite sympathy.福袋(fudai)lucky bagLucky bag is a promotion method used by shopping malls. The malls sell severalproducts in a bag, with different combinations, to shoppers at fixed price. The price is lower than the combined retail price of the products in the bag.粉飞客(fenfeike)fanficAn abbreviation for "fan fiction," the term refers to fans who are interested in writing sequels or changing plots of TV series to express their ideas, passions or dissatisfactions.反水(fanshui)rebel, betrayIt refers to anyone who rebels against the authority or turns his or her back on a friend in an unexpected manner.放水(fangshui)throw a game, lose on purposeIt usually happens in competitive games. One side loses the game on purpose after reaching a deal with the other side.翻台面(fantaimian)clear the tableMany restaurants limit dining hours on the New Year's Eve or busy holiday seasons so that each table can be used to serve more than one group of diners at a meal time. After a table of customers finishes dining, waiters or waitresses will clear the table to attend to the next batch of customers.放水(fangshui)act lenientlyIt refers to when an authority or superior intentionally bends the rules to let someone off the hook.放单飞(fangdanfei)fly soloThis term is often used to describe the situation where a team or band is dissolved and each member begins to work individually. It may also be used to mean giving a unique treatment to a single group of people out of a specific social sector.负人(furen)spend-more-than-earnThe colloquial expression means those who spend far beyond their means and are in debt each month.反星族(fanxingzu)anti-fanEvery coin has two sides. When there are fans, there are anti-fans. The term anti-fan refers to anyone who passionately dislikes a celebrity or other well-known person or entity.飞线(feixian)jumper wireSome IT manufacturers prefer to make a shortcut on their circuit boards as a remedy to fix bugs caused by wrong designs. Producers often claim that it is a component. However, users often reject products with jumper wire and consider them as substandard.非茂型(feimaoxing)non-mall shopping centerOpen-air shopping centers become more popular among customers because of the spacious environment and fresh air. Not like traditional indoor shopping malls, the open-air ones can be surrounded by trees, flowers, even bridges and creeks. Among the 11 shopping centers opened last year in Shanghai, four are non-mall centers.腐败掮客(fubai qianke)corruption brokerThis phrase mainly refers to lawyers who bribe judges on behalf of their clients. Wu Zhenhan, former president of the Hunan Provincial Higher People's Court, was sentenced to death with a two-year grace period, for taking six million yuan in bribes.发小(faxiao)friend since childhoodIn the Beijing dialect, this term refers to a friend since one's childhood.饭泡粥(fanpaozhou)chatterbox, gasbagThis is the name of a favorite breakfast food for Shanghainese, made of rice cooked inwater. If you prefer it softer, you cook the rice in the water for a longer time, creating a lot of bubbles. Now, it's used as a nickname for anyone who's excessively talkative.孵空调(fukongtiao)stay in an air-con placeWith the land scorching under the sizzling sun outside, many love to stay inside all day long with air-conditioning on. However, health experts warn that this could be bad for one's health. From time to time, one should sweat it a little and get some fresh air outside. The first character in this Chinese term means"hatching" or "incubating" and the other two mean "air-conditioning." But the first character may also imply "staying put" in a place.凤凰男(fenghuangnan)phoenix manThis term refers to men who grew up in remote rural areas but have moved to big cities thanks to their efforts and their family's support. They hope to marry city girls but often encounter problems resulting from their different living habits and family backgrounds.富裕病(fuyubing)affluenzaThis is a portmanteau word by combining the two words "affluence" and "influenza." It refers to a special form of materialism in which people suffer from an epidemic of stress, overwork, waste and indebtedness as they pursue more goods.飞鱼族(feiyuzu)flying-fish clanThis term, deriving from the title of a novel "Poissons Volants sur Paris," refers to those Chinese who give up their well-established careers in their home country and go overseas to study in elite foreign universities.封杀(fengsha)blockade, strike downIt originally referred to the situation where a showbiz artist is blacklisted and boycotted after doing something seriously unacceptable. Now it is used more generally to mean to blockade access to the market or publicity or prevent something from happening.沸腾可乐(feitengkele)Mentos eruption, soda geyserThe phrase refers to a game popular among youngsters as they put some Mentos candies into a bottle of cola or soda, resulting in an eruption occurring because of rapidly expanding carbon dioxide bubbles on the surface of the Mentos. Some even eat Mentos and drink cola to create such a chemical reaction in one's stomach. They call it a "brave man's game." However, doctors say this could be lethal.法商(fashang)legal quotientPeople have paid much attention on intelligence quotient (IQ) or emotion quotient (EQ), which are thought to have great effects on people's success, but legal quotient now has become increasingly important for people and should fulfill most of their daily issues under the frame of law.反骨(fangu)rebellious/mutinousThe expression is used colloquially to describe a person who is disobedient and tends to do things in an unconventional way. It originally referred to the occipital bone ancient Chinese superstitiously believed was a sign of mutiny.反厌食条约(fanyanshitiaoyue)anti-anorexia charterFrench fashion industry representatives recently signed a government-backed charter pledging not to encourage eating disorders and to promote healthy body images.腐女族(funuzu)fujoshiThis term, which is literally "rotten girl," is a Japanese word referring to girls and young women who are Yaoi (boy love) fans and devoted to comics and pornography which focus on love, sex and romance between men. They often fantasize about relations between two boys. However, these women are not lesbians.封口费(fēng kǒu fèi)hush moneyThe term can be used formally or informally. People sometimes jokingly demand hush money from their friends for keeping a secret between them. But this word attracted nationwide attention recently as dozens of journalists from various Chinese media organizations were found to take hush money for not reporting a fatal coal mine accident.返券黄牛(fan quan huang niu)shopping coupon scalperSome shopping malls give coupons to customers as discounts during promotions. If customers don't want to use the coupons, scalpers profit by selling or buying them.福利腐败(fulifubai)welfare corruptionIt refers to special welfare enjoyed by those work in a certain sector (usually a public sector) but denied to others. For example, employees of an electrical power company can enjoy free electricity, while those of a bus company are entitled to take free bus rides.放卫星(fangweixing)stand up, no-showThis Chinese term, which literally means "launching a satellite," evolved from the phrase "flying a pigeon." It used to describe making big news during the "cultural revolution" (1966-1976). But now it is used to describe the behavior of standing somebody up, not showing up or offering an empty promise.俯卧撑(fuwocheng)unfeeling apathy, flimsy excuseThe term literally means "push-up," a form of physical exercise. Now it is used to describe an apathetic attitude or a flimsy excuse. The phrase derives from a news story about a boy who was at the spot of a girl's death. The boy told police when the girl jumped into the river from a bridge, he was doing push-ups a dozen or so meters away, so he saw nothing.范跑跑(fanpaopao)Run Run FanChinese online users have nicknamed teacher Fan Meizhong as Run Run Fan after he fled his classroom, leaving behind all his students, when an 8.0-magnitude earthquake hit Sichuan Province on May 12. He has been widely criticized as being selfish and unethical. In comparison, some other teachers sacrificed their own lives in protecting and saving their students during the devastating earthquake.放心债(fang xin zhai)safe bondsIt refers to US treasury bonds which China holds. Some US officials have been trying to convince the Chinese government that these bonds will not depreciate despite the current economic downturn and a decline in dollar value.反庐舍联盟(fan lu she lian meng)Anti-loser UnionA group of Chinese companies, mostly in the Internet industry, formed an "Anti-loser Union" to educate office workers or students who are over-indulged in online chatting or social networking sites and lose their focus on work or study. Members of this union promise to punish their employees who dare to abuse computers to surfnon-essential Websites and waste company time.分居恋人族(fen ju lian ren zu)LATersThe term, an abbreviation of "live apart together," refers to married couples who live apart but stay united and emotionally committed. This latest style of couple relationship has evolved from "independent lovers" who don't think it necessary to stick to each other all the time. It is a relationship in which the two parties regard themselves as a couple - indeed, most of them are married to each other - but don't live in the same house. They find that the practicalities of sharing the same space may be harder to cope with than first anticipated.绯闻股(fei wen gu)star-studded shareIt refers to the Huayi Bros Media Group that was recently listed on the ChiNext, or the Chinese version of Nasdaq. The shareholders of the company are pop stars that are never short of gossip news, hence the term.范儿(fan er)styleThe Chinese term, popular mainly in northern China, refers to one's style --from dressing to general behavior.防弹主机(fang dan zhu ji)bulletproof hostA bulletproof host allows people to bypass the laws or contractual terms of service applying to Internet content and service in its country of operation because many of these "bulletproof hosts" are based overseas. This leniency has been taken advantage of by spammers and providers of online gambling or pornography.粉红力(fen hong li)pink generationThe post-1990s kids in China have called themselves "the pink generation." In a heated online debate, the post-'90s hit back at critics from post-'70s-and-'80s, also called "the red generation," saying that although the newest group of teenagers is still young and naive, they will certainly grow into the backbone of China.。

汉语新词英语翻译

空军(kong1jun1)believer in housing price dropThis term, meaning literally “airforce,” is now used to describe people who insist that housing prices will drop. They have waited for years but finding prices keep rising to new highs. The word “air” in Chine se may also mean “empty” or “nothingness.”城市依赖症(cheng3shi4 yi1lai4zheng4)city addictionThis term refers to people who refuse to live outside cities because they are used to the colorful and convenient life. They would rather live in cities with no jobs than live in suburban areas with good opportunities.后群体(hou4qun2ti3)post-x generationNow many people like to label “post-80” to those born in the 1980s and accuse them of being too indulgent in material pleasures. “Post-70” and “post-60” and post-whatever are also popular in daily conversation and media reports. But it’s hard to say that all people in onegeneration have the same characteristics.文化低保(wen2hua4 di1bao3)cultural access initiativeThis Chinese term combines the word “culture” a nd “minimum assurance” as from the minimum social security system to mean providing disadvantaged groups of people with the basic access to cultural activities. For instance, a county government promises each year to bring at least one art performance, six movies and one new book per person to villagers living in remote mountainous areas.洋腐败(yang2 fu3bai4)foreign corruptionThis term refers to the practice of taking all kinds of bribes from foreign companies. With more and more overseas companies moving into this country, the crime continues to rise. Now, the state legislature has been urged to introduce laws to fight this fraud.孔雀女(kong3que4nv3)peacock womanThis term refers to women who grow up in a wealthy family in big cities and never worry about money. Their family takes good care of them and never lets them do any housework. However, when they fall in love with a “phoenix men,”which refers to a hard-working man from rural areas, they will have many conflicts because of their different habits and attitudes towards money.秒杀(miao3sha1)speed killThe word is always used i n online games when the “boss” or opponent is so strong that he or she kills the player within seconds.免费素食主义者(mian3fei4 su4shi2zhu3yi4zhe3) FreeganThis term, a portmanteau of “free” and “vegan,” refers to people who employ alternative strategies for living based on limited participation in the conventional economy and minimal consumption of resources.October 22Date:2007-10-22疲劳驾驶(pi2lao2 jia4shi3)drowsy drivingThe National Highway Traffic Safety Administration of the United States found that 37 percent of drivers admitted to falling asleep at the wheel at least once in their life.赶场子(gan3chang3zi)function venue hopping, whirlwind partyingAs a spinoff of modern urban life, many people have to go to frequent parties and functions during their spare time and while officially on holiday.婚庆公司(hun1qing4 gong1si1)wedding services companyIn recent years, businesses offering wedding services have cashed in on young couples pursuing an expensive marriage ceremony, but many of them are accused of lacking original ideas.套牌车(tao4pai2che1)fake plate vehiclesIt has been a big headache for police to track down drivers who flee after a road accident or a crime as their plate is a duplicate of another legitimate car's.雅贼(ya3zei2)art thief, book thiefThis term refers to thieves who only steal things with artistic values, such as books, pictures and other cultural relics.亚偷情(ya4tou1qing2)semi-affairThis term refers to married people who have a close opposite-sex friend and their relationship is a kind of "affair without intimacy." They enjoy the subtle feelings, but avoid betraying their families.指付通(zhi3fu4tong1)fingerprint payment terminalThis is a newly developed payment method in Shanghaiwhich allows shoppers to pay for their purchases by pressing fingerprints on a terminal. More than 1,000 retailers have adopted the terminals, which are attached to a bank's network.食膏族(shi2gao1zu2)tonic loversAs the colder autumn months proceed, many Shanghai people like to take various herbal tonics, especially those made according to traditional Chinese medicine.维他命电影(wei2ta1ming4dian4ying3)vitamin movieAudience will have some fun from such movies, which may even teach them some simple but useful tips or principles of life. But don’t expect these movies to shock audiences’ nerves by staging grand scenes. instead they leave audiences feeling relaxed and happy.凑份子(cou4fen4zi0)whip-roundChinese people have the tradition of pooling funds orcollecting money from a group of people to pay for a public project or buy a joint present for someone.弃车族(qi4che1zu2)car-sparing clanIt is reported that many private car owners living near subway lines in Beijing have opted to use public transport for daily commutes, so saving their cars for longer trips.金九银十(jin1jiu3yin2shi2)peak sales seasonThe Chinese term literally means “Golden September” and “Silver October,” the two months that usually see brisk sales of cars, houses or other major consumer products in China.打新族(da3xin1zu2)new-stock investorsDue to the hefty profit potential, newly listed securities have become a hit choice for Chinese investors over the past few months.巴嫂(ba1sao3)re-employed woman bus conductorAuthorities in Guangdong Province have initiated a re-employment program to recruit women in their 50s who were earlier laid off by their employers to work as bus conductors. The Chinese word 巴(ba) means bus while 嫂(sao) is a term of endearment for a married woman.凤凰男(feng4huang2nan2)phoenix manThis term refers to men who grew up in remote rural areas but have moved to big cities thanks to their efforts and their family’s support. They hope to marry city girls but often encounter problems resulting from their different living habits and family backgrounds.试离婚(shi4li2hun1)trial divorceSome young couples live separately to calm down when their marriage hits a rough patch. It is called “trialdivorce” which offers couples time to reconsider their marriage and avoid divorcing under impulse.October 8Date:2007-10-08裸体PC (luo3ti3 PC)naked PCEuropean think-tank the Globalization Institute has made a submission to the European Commission proposing that all PCs and laptops should be sold without an operating system to foster competition and bring down prices, saying the current practice "imposes an extra cost on virtually every EU business."零电邮日(ling2dian4you2ri4)zero e-mail FridaysSome professionals are fighting back against overwhelming e-mails by declaring e-mail-free Fridays - or by deleting their entire in-box. About 150 engineers at chip maker Intel will kick off the campaign. E-mail isn't forbidden, but everyone is encouraged to phone or meet face-to-face. The goal is to foster more direct,free-flowing communication and better exchange of ideas, Intel principal engineer Nathan Zeldes says in a company blog post.鲶鱼效应(nian3yu2 xiao4ying4)catfish effectThis term derives from the practice of a Norwegian fisherman who put catfish into his catch of sardine to keep the latter living longer for a better price. Now, the term means to introduce new competitors to stimulate the whole group. It complies with the modern operational mechanism of HR management.刺青后悔症(ci4qing1 hou4hui3zheng4)tattoo regretThis term refers to a feeling of remorse for having tattoos. According to a study in the United States, about 50 percent of respondents who have tattoos said they suffered from "tattoo regret." In other words, they wish they had opted against getting a tattoo.网络达人(wang3luo4 da2ren2)Net advisorThe term refers to warm-hearted people who give advice to others on the Internet. They cover all kinds of topics, ranging from marriage to home decoration. They are not necessarily professional consultants, but their personal experiences do help others.社交网络服务(she4jiao1 wang3luo4 fu2wu4)social networking service (SNS)This is a kind of social software designed to set up online social networks connecting people of all different types of interests. For instance, Facebook is a popular social networking service.富裕病(fu4yu4bing4)affluenzaThis is a portmanteau word by combining the two words "affluence" and "influenza." It refers to a special form of materialism in which people suffer from an epidemic of stress, overwork, waste and indebtedness as they pursue more goods.搏上位(bo2shang4wei4)strive for bigger successIt refers to an attempt to gain a higher position, bigger fame or success by resorting sometimes to unconventional or indecent means.喝油车(he1you2che1）Chelsea tractorThose gas-guzzling sports utility vehicles are referred to in the United Kingdom as a Chelsea tractor. These urban behemoths have become a status symbol for the middle class in the Western world. The term is a rendering from the English buzzword.穷人跑(qiong2ren2pao3)cheap roadsterSome auto makers in China produce low-priced sportscars for middle-income people. The price for such cars ranges from 100,000 yuan to 300,000 yuan, compared to those exceeding one million yuan targeting high-end income earners.喝油车(he1you2che1）Chelsea tractorThose gas-guzzling sports utility vehicles are referred to in the United Kingdom as a Chelsea tractor. These urban behemoths have become a status symbol for the middle class in the Western world. The term is a rendering from the English buzzword.穷人跑(qiong2ren2pao3)cheap roadsterSome auto makers in China produce low-priced sports cars for middle-income people. The price for such carsranges from 100,000 yuan to 300,000 yuan, compared to those exceeding one million yuan targeting high-end income earners.试药族(shi4yao4zu2)drug-test subjectIt is reported that a growing number of college students in the country have participated in the clinical trial of new medications to earn more money, some of whom do it to support their living.陪拼族(pei2pin1zu2)shopping companionThe flip side of love is that the boyfriend or husband of young women who are in the mood to shop has to keep her company all the way round, and might well drop before her shopping drags to a lengthy end.高疯贝(gao1feng1bei4)crazy gamesThe Chinese term sounds like 高分贝, which means "high decibel." It actually refers to highly exciting rides like roller coasters.一口价(yi1kou3jia4)no-bargain priceA seller who is sure of a deal whatsoever the price, or is unwilling to accept a bargain because the marked price is the seller's bottom line, will call it yikoujia in colloquial Chinese. Yikou indicates no room for bargaining.知音体(zhi1yin1ti3)“zhiyin” style“zhiyin”(Confidant) refers to a well-known Chinesetabloid magazine which always publishes sensational, agitating and moving love stories. Since many people are addicted to reading them, some authors or editors use a "zhiyin"style headline on some stories to attract more readers.贵族乞丐(gui4zu2qi3gai4)rich beggarIt refers to those professional beggars who reportedly are rich enough to own a car and keep a mistress.痛快吧(tong4kuai4ba1)pressure-venting shopThis term refers to shops where a customer pays for venting his or her tension, anger or frustration by violently punching or smashing goods.。

汉语新词英译

• 6） Many large companies in Shanghai have geared themselves to the international conventions and set up after-sales services accepting repairs and dealing with customers’ complaints. • 上海的许多大公司都专门设有售后服务中心,接受维修业务和处理客户投诉，目的在于与国际接轨。
• （中央政府号召各地利用本地优势和特点开发当地的出口型拳头产品。）
• 2） In order to fully tap the human resources，the rational flow of trained personnel should not only be allowed but also be encouraged．
• 中国国情
• 廉洁奉公
• 廉政建设 • 以权谋私 • 举报中心 • 自负盈亏 • 哄抬物价 • 大龄青年 • 创业园
• 现代英语中表达新事物、新概念的新词新义大多是率先出现在英语报刊中，然后再流行于世的。这是因为一件新事物的出现，首先需要通过媒体来向大众宣传，这样，新事物的名称也就通过新闻先被人们所认识了。如 euthanasia（安乐死）， AIDS, elevated highways （高架道路）， information superhighway，cell phone，value-added tax （增值税），hula hoop（呼拉圈）， surfing （冲浪运动），talk show（访谈节目；谈话类节目) 等新词，无一不是通过英语报刊等媒介传播后而为人们所熟知的。
• 现代汉语中新词语的出现与这些领域里产生的新事物、新问题、新现象等无不一一有着千丝万缕的关系，如“物质文明”（material progress ）、“精神文明”（intellectual and ideological development）、 “宰客” （rip off）、“打白条”（issue IOUs）、 “关系网”（network of personal connections ）、“下海”（risk one’s fortune in business）、“跳槽”（job-hop）等等。因此，这类新词的出现是伴随着特定的政治、社会等环境而产生的，因此他们具有明显的社会性，易于被接受。

汉语特色新词及其英译

ｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ）９９ｉｖｅ
ｏ“胡子工程”译为ｌｏｎｇ— ｙｏｕｎｇ
ｗｏｒｋｅｒｓｂｅｃｏｍｅ
读音的直译，第二，是基于词义的直译。前
者适用于那些在目标语中确实找不到对应的词汇，它不但保留了源语的形式，还保留了源语的发音。如：气功Ｑｉｇｏｎｇ，功夫Ｋｏｎｇｆｕ，太极拳Ｔａｉｊｉｑｕａｎ，ｆｅｎｇｓｈｕｉ福娃Ｆｕｗａ，馒头Ｍａｎｔｏｗ，苦力Ｃｏｏｌｉｅ，包二奶
（ｈｉｄｄｅｎｍｅａｎｉｎｇ）表达出来，增词不但不违
ａｎｄｇｒｏｗｌｉｋｅｗｉｌｄｇｒａｓｓ）等；科技领域的
有火炬计划（ｔｈｅｔｏｒｃｈｐｒｏｇｒａｍ），神舟飞船
（Ｓｈｅｎｚｈｏｕｓｐａｃｅｓｈｉｐ），中国硅谷（Ｃｈｉｎａ’Ｓｓｉｌｉｃｏｎａｌｌｅｙ）等；文化领域的有韩流（Ｓｏｕｔｈ
ｂｅａｕｔｉｆｕｌｂｕｔｕｇｌｙ），“介素虾米东
东？”（Ｗｈａｔ’Ｓｔｈｉｓ）……这些都是所谓新新人类热衷的网络语言。那么如何将这些特色新词译成准确、地道的英语，使国际社会对中国的国情和发展有正确、及时、客观的了解呢？笔者觉得可行的方法有：一、直译直译法是汉语词语翻译中使用最为普遍的方法。它可以分为两类：其一，是基于
ｔｒｉａｎｇｌｅｄｅｂｔｓ无疑更准确，更到位。在中
音，其后的解释性翻译简明清晰，既准确传本公司情况并与报名者晤谈），没有比英语
达了汉语中的意思，又在语音上或在形象上尽可能地保留了中国文化色彩。需要说明的是，这种加注释增译的翻
译，这样才能有效地服务于对外宣传、对外
交往，让更多的国外读者了解中国文化与中国现状。
都可以表示红颜色。如ｒｅｄｃａｒｄ红牌；ｒｅｄ
ｃａｒｐｅｔ红地毯；ｒｅｄｃｅｄａｒ红杉树；ｒｅｄｃｅｌｌ红细胞；ＲｅｄＣｒｏｓｓ红十字会；ｒｅｄｆｌａｇ红旗；红领巾ｒｅｄｓｃａｒｆ；红通通ｂｒｉｇｈｔｒｅｄ；红土ｒｅｄｃｌａｙ；红细胞ｒｅｄｂｌｏｏｄｃｅｌｌ；红线ｒｅｄｔｈｒｅａｄ；红叶ｔｈｅｒｅｄｍａｐｌｅＩｅａｖｅｓ红旗ｒｅｄｆｌａｇ等。

时事新词翻译

新词翻译欣赏
• • • • • • • • • • • • 闪婚 flash marriage 闪电约会 speed dating 闪电恋爱 whirlwind romance 刻不容缓, 紧要关头 crunch time 偶像派 idol type 脑残体 leetspeak
新词翻译欣赏
• • • • • • • • • • • • 挑食者 picky-eater 伪球迷 fake fans 防暑降温补贴 high temperature subsidy 开博 to open a blog 房奴车奴 mortgage slave 上课开小差 zone out
新词翻译欣赏
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • 高考 the National College Entrance Examines 录取分数线 admission scores 保障性住房 indemnificatory housing 一决高下 Duke it out 灰色市场 Grey market 反倾销 anti-dumping 吃白食的人 freeloader
新词翻译欣赏
• • • • • • • • • • • • 裸妆 nude look 黄牛票 scalped ticket 扫货 shopping spree 烟熏妆 smoky-eye make-up 水货 smuggled goods 纳米技术 nanotechnology
新词翻译欣赏
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • 草莓族 Strawberry generation 草根总统 grassroots president 笨手笨脚 have two left feet 拼车 car-pooling 暴走 go ballistic 海外代购 overseas purchasing 跳槽 jump ship

中国新词翻译10

有氧搏击操 (you2 yang3 bo2 ji1 cao1)kickboxingIt is a type of fitness exercise popular in urban areas that combines boxing, karate, tae-kwondo and dance with strong, upbeat music.隐性失业 (yin3 xing4 shi1 ye4)recessive unemployment, sub-unemploymentIt is the phenomenon when workers are underpaid, given unpaid vacation and welfare packages are trimmed because of the economic downturn. It also refers to showbiz artists whose income suffers when their appearances in well-paying commercials are cut due to the crisis.银色浪潮 (yin2 se4 lang4 chao2)silver tideThe term is a metaphor of a social phenomenon as the aging population is expanding rapidly in Shanghai and other big cities around China.有毒资产 (you3 du2 zi1 chan3)toxic assetsIt refers to various asset categories hard hit by the financial crisis, such as subprime mortgages. Use of "toxic" became widespread as any person, bank or organization holding subprime mortgages or related assets became financially debilitated.衣架子 (yi1 jia4 zi)clothes horseThe expression literally means mannequins or clothes racks. Now, it is often used to describe a man or woman who has a model-like figure that fits perfectly into fashionable clothes available on the market.E点通 (E dian3 tong1)electronic information guideIt refers to electronic machines now being installed in major hotels in Shanghai. Touch their screens and you will find out all kinds of cultural and tourism information to help you discover the city's commercial attributes.狱霸 (yu4 ba4)prison bullyThe phrase has appeared frequently in Chinese press headlines following the mysterious death of a 24-year-old man in police custody in Yunnan Province. Investigations show he was beaten to death by inmates who claimed he died in an accident while playing blindman's bluff.音频毒品 (yin1 pin2 du2 pin3)I-DoserThe term refers to audio clips spreading over the Internet that are said to arouse a sense of illusion as if taking drugs. Some people find it enjoyable while others consider it noisy and nerve-racking. Experts say that feelings vary with listeners' own experiences.语音钓鱼 (yv3 yin1 dia4o yu2)vishingThis is a portmanteau by blending "voice" and "phishing" and means an attempt to fool a person into submitting personal, financial or password data either by sending an email that includes a scammer-controlled phone number, or by spoofing an automated phone call from a financial institution using VoIP.月光门牌 (yue4 guang1 men2 pai2)moonlight doorplateShanghai has recently installed some new doorplates for local houses. These new plates absorb light during the day and become illuminated at night for about 12 hours.云娱乐 (yun2 yu2 le4)cloud entertainmentBased on the idea of "cloud computing," an Internet-based use of computer technology, the term refers to home entertainment such as Web-infused television environments in which customized services and programs are prepared on Web servers and delivered to consumer electronic devices, saving users a lot of money on in-home entertainment systems. Cloud here means the Internet.易服 (yi4 fu2)cross-dressThis term is used to describe people who dress like a member of the opposite sex. Actually, transvestism is not new to the Chinese. Back in the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 386-534) a young woman named Hua Mulan disguised herself as a man to join the army to spare her elderly father of military service.悠客 (you1 ke4)no-hurry touristThose who take their time and don't mind how long they linger at each tourist site or destination.影子艺人 (ying3 zi yi4 ren2)showbiz doppelgangerThis refers to an ordinary person whose facial features resemble a famous artist, allowing him to earn an income from masquerading as the star at low-end parties and gatherings to entertain the audience or guests.阴阳公告(yīn yáng gōng gào)yin-yang bulletinsIn Chinese, yin and yang are used to describe the negative and positive energy in nature. The term may also mean opposing qualities of a phenomenon. So, yin-yang bulletins refer to contradictory statements made by persons or organizations.亚熟男 (ya4 shu2 nan2)semi-mature manMen who look mature but are actually a few steps away from being psychologically grown-up.郁闷(yu4men4)angry and frustratedThis term is a favorite among young people these days and they frequently use it whenever they feel "pissed off."医托 (yi1tuo1)hospital scalper, hospital stoolieThe city police crack down on scalpers selling registration numbers at major hospitals as well as touts who lure people from major hospitals to small, lesser-known and even unlicensed facilities.亚健康 (ya4jian4kang1)semi-healthSemi-health conditions are half way between good health and ill health. Such conditions, including headache, insomnia, stiff shoulders and chronic constipation, are often diagnosed as symptoms of illness, but they are deemed by TCM doctors as warning signs of health deterioration or harbingers of ill health.月光族 (yue4guang1zu2)moonliteThis concocted Chinese term is the moniker for people who always spend all their salaries or earnings before the end of the month. The first Chinese character in the term means "month" or "moon," and the second "leaving nothing behind" or "light."有价无市 (you3jia4wu2shi4)having a price but no salesThis Chinese term actually describes a situation where a product has a fictitious or prohibitively high price but no sales. For instance, many apartments and houses in the city's property market today are so expensive that few could afford or intend to buy them. The term is a little bit satirical.饮水机(yin3shui3ji1)water dispenserLocal authorities are conducting inspections of water dispensers used in offices and other public places in response to media reports that many such machines have serious quality problems that could create health risks.压岁钱 (ya1sui4qian2)red packet, lucky moneyIn ancient china, people tended to put some copper coins wrapped in red paper beside the pillows of their children on the Lunar New Year's Eve to drive away a devil called "sui." It has evolved into today's red packet or lucky money that parents and older relatives give to children during the Lunar New Year to wish them good luck.晕 (yun1)faintOriginally, the Chinese word means faint or dizzy. But now people tend to utter the word whenever they hear or see something unordinary, confusing, funny or just meaningless.油价联动机制 (you2jia4 lian2dong4 ji1zhi4)fuel-related fare adjustmentAt a public hearing held last week on the effects of rising gasoline prices on the city's taxi fleet, it became clear some adjustment was needed to take the burden off cabbies suffering from an earnings squeeze. Taxi fares may also change according to the oil prices in the market.迎峰度夏(ying2feng1du4xia4)gear up for summer power consumption peakShanghai will launch a campaign to fight against power shortage in summer, because the city's demands for power will reach 20.5 million kilowatts this summer, growing 10.2 percent from a year earlier.硬伤(ying4shang1)inherent problem, glaring mistakeIt means an unsolved inherent drawback that undermines an organization, a system, a relationship or a person's integrity. It also refers to those glaring blunders that should be avoided in an artwork, such as misquoted words in a film.养眼(yang3yan3)eye-candyThis term is an expression used to describe something or someone that is very pleasant to the eyes, including a movie or computer game with incredible graphics and visual effects or a young woman with a very pretty face and attractive figure.哑巴亏(ya3ba1kui1)take it on the chinThe Chinese term, "a dumb man's loss," refers to someone who suffers losses or grievances but is forced to keep it quiet, or stay "speechless," because of existing circumstances.医闹(yi1nao4)medical dispute profiteerSome people nose around for medical disputes and encourage the patient to file a lawsuit against the hospital. They hire more people to pretend to be the relatives of the patient during the legal procedure and claim part of the damage awarded.原生态艺术家(yuan2sheng1tai4 yi4shu4jia1)indigenous artisteThis term refers to those rural artists or rather farmers whose performances are rooted in their daily life, without any artificial polish or professional background. Through generations, they have retained the most indigenous elements.晕菜(yun1cai4)stupefiedThe colloquial word is used when someone feels at a total loss in an unexpected situation which is beyond his or her comprehension.一肩挑(yi1jian1tiao1)multi-taskerThe term in Chinese is often used to describe a person who, just like a multi-function device, plays at least two different roles in his or her daily work and life. For example, an able mother can work both as a housekeeper and an office lady, so that her children can live happily. It also refers to some Chinese officials, who act as both the administrative head and the Party chief of a unit.一刀切 (yi1dao1qie1)across-the-board rulingIt refers to a rule or decision made by a government or a company that allows no exception when being enforced in order to achieve good effectiveness or to avoid unfairness.夜店(ye4dian4)nightclubThe Chinese term derived from Taiwanese parlance. The term literally means"night shop."月抛型 (yue4pao1xing2)monthly dumperThis refers to people who change their dating partners frequently. It borrows its meaning from contact lenses that are tossed after one month's use.玉米虫 (yu4mi3chong2)cybersquatterThe term, which means "corn worm" in Chinese, refers to cybersquatters who register, traffick in or use a domain name that's the same as or similar to a famous trademark, company or individuals' names. They then offer to sell the domain names at an inflated price.硬骨头 (ying4gu3tou2)tough job, tough guyThis term "hard bone" refers to a tough job that is hard to complete. It can also be used to describe people who are tough, hard to beat and unwilling to surrender.一条龙服务(yi1tiao2long2 fu2wu4)all-in-one service package, turnkey serviceThe expression refers to the services a business offers a client or customer, featuring "start-to-finish" arrangements.一招鲜 (yi4zhao1xian1)trump cardThis Chinese term refers to any unique skills, products or ways of doing thing that can bring you success wherever you go.摇新族 (yao2xin1zu2)IPO chaserProfit-minded stock investors who chase only lucrative initial public offering while shunning listed shares offerings. This is a special condition in China because share prices always rise on the debut trading day.印客(yin4ke4)inkerIt is a form of business which can make anyone an "author." People can gather their personal articles and consign the "inker"company to turn them into a book, with pictures they select and pages they design. Such books are not for sale, but to keep as a memento.月嫂(yue4sao3)maternity matronChinese women traditionally are confined indoors for a month after delivering a baby on the grounds that they are particularly susceptible to various gynecological diseases in this period. During the maternity month, maids, usually married women already having their own kids, are hired to take care of the newborn and the mother.饮酒代驾 (yin3jiu3 dai4jia4)drivers for drunksDuring the weeklong holiday, some companies have begun to offer the "You Drink, We Drive" service to help revelers avoid driving while drunk. However, China still lacks relevant rules to regulate such services.阴影 (yin1ying3)shadowIt is used these days when someone says he or she is still reeling from the negative influence from a certain event that made him unhappy or unsuccessful.一把手 (yi1ba3shou3)chief leader, first chairThe Chinese term means the first in a pecking order. Due to the stunning pension fund scandal that hit the city last year, the Shanghai municipal government has urged closer supervision of all chief leaders in government departments, institutions and state-run enterprises.银发产业 (yin2fa1 chan3ye4)silver industryWith a quickly ageing population in big cities like Shanghai, the business that focuses on products and services for seniors is becoming a booming economic sector.一哥/一姐 (yi1ge1/yi1jie3)top gunTop gun is the most famous and influential person in a sector, especially in the entertainment industry, such as movies, music or variety shows. The Chinese means the first brother or the first sister.玉米虫(yu4mi3chong2)domain investorThis term, literally "corn worm," refers to people who earn money by registering valuable Internet domains. A netizen reportedly sold to the search engine giant for more than US$1 million. The pronunciation of "corn" is similar to "domain" in Chinese.夜店(ye4dian4)night entertainment venueIt refers to the discotheques, karaoke bars, cafes and video arcades that operate from evening to early the next morning. In some special contexts, it can also refer to illegal sex service shops.毅行(yi4xing2)stamina walkThe Chinese term "yixing" refers to a popular outdoor sport in Shanghai, in which people walk a long distance non-stop to exercise and make friends at the same time. The Chinese term derives from the saying of Confucius that a noble man has to cultivate a strong mind.乙醚 (yi3mi2)Yi's fanThe Chinese term literally means "ether," but here it refers to the fans of a Chinese literature professor Yi Zhongtian, whose modern interpretation of a classical novel, The Three Kingdoms, is quite popular among many readers. The Chinese term sounds like "Yi's fan."银保 (yin2bao3)BancassuranceBancassurance is the term used to describe the sale of insurance productsin a bank. The word is a combination of "banque or bank" and "assurance" signifying that both banking and insurance is provided by the same corporate entity. In China, more and more banks begin to sell policies on behalf of insurers, and in return give banks certain fees for the service.一枪头 (yi4qiang1tou2)one-shot kill, do it in one goIt is a Shanghai dialect that means you succeed at one try, just like a one-shot kill.养眼(yang3yan3)visually attractive, eye candyThe colloquial expression means anything or any person that is visually attractive or pleasing to look at.游学生(you2xue2sheng1)audit studentThe term refers to those students who want to update skills and stay current in their field without seeking academic credit for courses. It may also refer to unregistered students who want to take courses for free. Some of the latter are from poor families who cannot afford the tuition; others are high school graduates who have failed college entrance examinations.丫客(ya1ke4)grassroots artistIt refers to people or "grassroots artists" who have a special interest in art, especially music. They usually have their own Web pages or blogs on to show off their talent and communicate with their peers.孕味摄影(yun4wei4she4ying3)pregnancy photographyThis term refers to stylish photos of pregnant women. It's a play on the words in Chinese as the first two characters of this term sound similar to a common Chinese phrase meaning "lasting appeal," but the first character now means "pregnancy."运动电玩 (yun4dong4dian4wan2)exergamingThis term refers to an activity that blends video games with workouts. Some researchers have found that exergaming more than doubled players' energy expenditure compared with sedentary gaming, and suggested that it "might be considered for obesity prevention and treatment."亚腐败(ya4fu3bai4)sub-corruption, gray-area corruptionIt refers to the kind of corruption, especially some hidden forms of bribery, that is not specified in criminal law but is still punishable. Typical examples are government officials taking expensive artworks as gifts or using and actually possessing cars "lent" to them by their "personal friends." 御宅族 (yu4zhai2zu2)otakuOtaku is a Japanese term used to refer to a variety of geek, fanboy or fangirl, particularly one obsessed with such hobbies as manga. When applied to a person, it can have either positive or negative connotations depending on the situation and the person using the term.鸭子舰队 (ya1zi jian4dui4)drifting rubber ducksThis term refers to hundreds of thousands of Chinese-made rubber ducks which dropped into the water after a sea accident in 1992. After 15 years of floating on the sea, many of these rubber bath toys have washed up on the shores of North America and Europe. One division is expected to invade Britain's shores next year. Their prices have skyrocketed.引爆点 (yin3bao4dian3)tipping pointIn sociology, the tipping point is the moment when something rare in society becomes commonplace. The term was introduced into daily life by Malcolm Gladwell's 2000 bestselling book "The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference." It now also refers to a certain point in any process beyond which the momentum picks up dramatically.御姐(yu4 jie3)mature and domineering womanIt refers to women 22 to 35 years old who look mature and act domineering.The expression is believed to have been coined from the Japanese game Chanbara Beauty.幽客 (you1ke4)UFO fansThis term refers to people who believe in the existence of UFO and are addicted to studying this phenomenon.雅贼 (ya3zei2)art thief, book thiefThis term refers to thieves who only steal things with artistic values, such as books, pictures and other cultural relics.亚偷情 (ya4tou1qing2)semi-affairThis term refers to married people who have a close opposite-sex friend and their relationship is a kind of "affair without intimacy." They enjoy the subtle feelings, but avoid betraying their families.一口价 (yi1kou3jia4)no-bargain priceA seller who is sure of a deal whatsoever the price, or is unwilling to accept a bargain because the marked price is the seller's bottom line, will call it yikoujia in colloquial Chinese. Yikou indicates no room for bargaining.月老 (yue4lao3)moonlite-NEETThe expression is coined by mixing moonlite, or yueguangzu, meaning youngsters who always spend all their earnings by payday, and NEET, or kenlaozu, meaning youths who live off their parents. This clan will turn to their parents after spending all of their earnings. In Chinese, the expression originally means the god who helps bring a couple to wedlock.亚婚姻(ya4hun1yin1)sub-marriageThis term refers to couples who have lost their passion and interest incommunicating with each other due to various reasons but still maintain their marriage status.有型(you3xing2)in styleThe expression is often used these days to refer to any action or lifestyle that is admired by trendy young people as cool. But sometimes this can go too far, as in the recent shopping mall massacre in the United States where the gunman had left a note saying he wanted to "move out in style."烟熏妆(yan1xun1zhuang1)smokey-eye make-upThis term refers to a make-up style featuring dark eye-shadow seems to have spilled over from showbiz to everyday life, from mature women to young girls, and from women to some men.一根筋 (yi4gen1jin1)one-track mindThis term describes people who talk and think about one subject all the time. They can hardly listen to others' opinion and tend to be stubborn and inflexible.月球探测器(yue4qiu2tan4ce4qi4)moon probeAll the cameras on China's first lunar probe that was recently launched will be activated later this month and are expected to photograph every inch of the moon surface by mid-January next year.洋腐败 (yang2 fu3bai4)foreign corruptionThis term refers to the practice of taking all kinds of bribes from foreign companies. With more and more overseas companies moving into this country, the crime continues to rise. Now, the state legislature has been urged to introduce laws to fight this fraud.艳照门 (yan4zhao4men2)racy-photogate, nude photo scandalThe scandal broke out after a series of sex photographs of several HongKong stars were released online. The pictures, purportedly showed Edison Chen partially nude with several Hong Kong starlets in bed, have so far sparked arrests and a media frenzy in the country.油菜 (you2cai4)talentedThe term, widely used among Internet users, is similar in pronunciation to "have talents," or 有才 in Chinese. Internet users use this term to express their surprise when someone does, or says, something very smart.堰塞湖 (yan1sai4hu2)quake lakeA lake formed when a river is blocked by rocks from landslides following an earthquake.YAWN族 (yawn zu2)YAWN clanThe initials stand for young and wealthy but normal, a label given to sensible young people who refrain from overspending or driving a car for environmental reasons.野猫罢工 (ye3mao1ba4gong1)wildcat strikeJargon in the human resources sector that refers to an unauthorized work stoppage while a labor contract is still in effect.御姐(yu4jie3)tough womanOriginated from Japanese cartoons to describe dominant females of strong character.牙膏贴(ya2gao1tie1)toothpaste postingsRefers to online postings which have an attractive start to a story but are updated at an extremely slow speed, just like squeezing toothpaste out of a tube.永久性脑残(yong3jiu3xing4nao3can4)PhD (permanent head damage)Widely used in Chinese online BBS communities to tease someone who has done something considered out of line and crazy.雅阁女(ya3ge4nu3)Accord ladyA woman who drives a Honda Accord and looks down upon anyone who drives a cheaper car. It first appeared on the Internet to describe someone who worships wealth.易登机(yi4deng1ji1)easy boarding serviceEasy boarding is a service for passengers who pay for the privilege of speedier security checks and priority boarding. China's top aviation administration recently banned this service for security reasons.眼吧 (yan3 ba1)eye-health barThis is a kind of optometry clinic where a computer-manipulated environment claimed to be beneficial for eye health is created to help ease eye stress and disorders.婴儿舱 (ying1 er2 cang1)baby hatchIt is a kind of incubator-like hatch into which mothers drop the babies they can't take care of. The facility, in use in Germany, Italy and mostly recently in Japan, is designed to protect abandoned babies.以房养老 (yi3 fang2 yang3 lao3)house-for-pension schemeThis term refers to a new scheme to increase the income of senior citizens in the city. People who are 65 or older are qualified to sell their home to the city's Housing Fund, but they can continue to live in it by paying a market-level rent to the fund. Although different from the reverse mortgage scheme, it also allows seniors to access the equity in their home.语言暴力 (yu3 yan2 bao4 li4)verbal violenceAmong all types of violence, verbal violence is the most common. Now the term is used to mean slogans, remarks and language used in online discussions that are full of violent and abusive words or expletives.云计算 (yun2 ji4 suan4)cloud computingIt is a distributed computing technology, an improvement on Distributed Computing, Parallel Computing and Grid Computing as well as commercial realization of scientific computing concepts. Many famous IT companies such as IBM, Yahoo and Google promote services and products through this technology.油老虎 (you2lao3hu3)gas guzzler"Oil tiger," as this term translates literally, refers to cars that get very poor gas mileage. Many Chinese nouveau riche favor "oil tigers" to show off their wealth.颜文字(yan2wen2zi4)smiley character, emoticonIn online communication, more and more Chinese tend to use characters resembling facial or emotional expressions. Many have already been created in writing and in the so-called "textspeak."鸭子(ya1zi1)light travelerThe word "duck" is used here for those tourists who travel light and tend to join a tour group organized by travel agencies. They are like ducks herded around by the guide.硬柿子(ying4shi4zi)tough guyMost people like to eat "soft persimmons" and few fancy "hard persimmons," as this Chinese phrase means literally. But according to a recent popular drama called "I Want to Become a Hard Persimmon," the soft persimmon is the name of any pushover and the hard persimmon refers to a tough guy.压洲(ya1zhou1)pressure continentThis phrase's pronunciation is similar to "Asia " in Chinese, but it means a continent of pressure. It is now used as a nickname for modern Asia as it has undergone great pressures from the faster pace of life, deeper shortage of raw materials and higher risk of pollution.隐婚族 (yin3hun1zu2)fake singlesUnder the pressure of work, some people, especially women between 25 and 35, choose to hide from fellow workers or deny the fact that they are already married as they fear that their married status may bring inconvenience at work and hamper their promotion.养牛族 (yang3niu2zu2)jeans loverIn Chinese, jeans can be translated literally as cattle boy's pants. So, jeans collectors are now called yangniuzu or cattle breeders. To get a unique color and style, they seldom wash their jeans and try to wear their pants as long as possible. In their words, they use their body to raise a special pair of jeans.野鹅族 (ye3'e2zu2)wild goose clanTo ensure their children learn "real" English, many parents in South Korea bring their children to English-speaking countries to study. Usually, the mother lives with and takes care of the child during the overseas study trip, the father stays behind earning money to support the family. They get together only during vacations.以房养房 (yi3fang2 yang3fang2)rent-for-mortgage schemeSome people lease out their spare apartment and use the revenue to defray their monthly mortgage for another property.油条 (you2tiao2)flirtatious boyThe phrase, which means fried bread stick in Chinese, is popular among young people, especially those born after 1990, to refer to men who are always flirting with different women.洋漂族 (yang2piao1zu2)foreign drifterAs China keeps opening its doors wider to the outside world, more foreigners come to invest, work, study or travel in China. But some wander from one city to another for different jobs and to experience different cultures, and they are called "foreign drifters."硬盘人 (ying4 pan2 ren2)out-of-townerThe Chinese expression used in online chat rooms refers to those who come from outside a certain city. It literally means a "hard disc person," as the initials for the pinyin of 外地, meaning out-of-town in English, is WD, the same as the initials for Western Digital, a brand of hard disc.樱花泡菜粉 (ying1 hua1 pao4 cai4 fen2)Japan-Korea fanCherry blossoms represent the culture of Japan and pickles for Korea. The Chinese word combining these two is not a cuisine but refers to teenagers who are fans of Japanese and Korean dramas, music and pop idols.眼缘 (yan3 yuan2)first-sight attractionIf an object or person, usually of the opposite sex, attracts you at first sight, then you and the focus of attention are believed to have 眼缘.野鸡大学 (ye3 ji1 da4 xue2)diploma millDiploma mill, or bogus university, refers to colleges which issue diplomas to every student regardless of their study track record or exam scores. Their diplomas are not recognized by some employers or formal universities.养狼计划 (yang3 lang2 ji4 hua4)rival-fostering projectA project, literally meaning "wolf raising," proposed by China's table tennis authorities was meant to cultivate more competitive players in foreign countries to challenge China's long-held monopoly over the sport. The project includes policies to encourage more talented Chinese to play on behalf of foreign countries while inviting more overseas players to。

中国一些流行词语的英文译法

中国一些流行词语的英文译法1. 素质教育：Quality Education2. EQ：分两种，一种为教育商数Educational quotient，另一种情感商数Emotional quotient3. 保险业：the insurance industry4. 保证重点指出：ensure funding for priority areas5. 补发拖欠的养老金：clear up pension payments in arrears6. 不良贷款：non-perFORMing loan7. 层层转包和违法分包：mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting8. 城乡信用社：credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas9. 城镇居民最低生活保障：a minimum standard of living for city residents10. 城镇职工医疗保障制度：the system of medical insurance for urban workers11. 出口信贷：export credit12. 贷款质量：loan quality13. 贷款质量五级分类办法：the five-category assets classification for bank loans14. 防范和化解金融风险：take precautions against and reduce financial risks15. 防洪工程：flood-prevention project16. 非法外汇交易：illegal foreign exchange transaction17. 非贸易收汇：foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels18. 非银行金融机构：non-bank financial institutions19. 费改税：transFORM administrative fees into taxes20. 跟踪审计：foolow-up auditing21. 工程监理制度：the monitoring system for projects22. 国有资产安全：the safety of state-owned assets23. 过度开垦：excess reclamation24. 合同管理制度：the contract system for governing projects25. 积极的财政政策：pro-active fiscal policy26. 基本生活费：basic allowance27. 解除劳动关系：sever labor relation28. 金融监管责任制：the responsibility system for financial supervision29. 经济安全：economic security30. 靠扩大财政赤字搞建设：to increase the deficit to spend more on development31. 扩大国内需求：the expansion of domestic demand32. 拉动经济增长：fuel economic growth33. 粮食仓库：grain depot34. 粮食收购企业：grain collection and storage enterprise35. 粮食收购资金实行封闭运行：closed operation of grain purchase funds36. 粮食销售市场：grain sales market37. 劣质工程：shoddy engineering38. 乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款：arbitrary charges, fund-raising, quotas and fines39. 骗汇、逃汇、套汇：obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage40. 融资渠道：financing channels41. 商业信贷原则：the principles for commercial credit42. 社会保险机构：social security institution43. 失业保险金：unemployment insurance benefits44. 偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税：tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes45. 外汇收支：foreign exchange revenue and spending46. 安居工程：housing project for low-income urban residents47. 信息化：inFORMation-based; inFORMationization48. 智力密集型：concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive49. 外资企业：overseas-funded enterprises50. 下岗职工：laid-off workers51. 分流：reposition of redundant personnel52. 素质教育：education for all-round development53. 豆腐渣工程：jerry-built projects54. 社会治安情况：law-and-order situation55. 民族国家：nation state56. “**”："independence of Taiwan"57. 台湾当局：Taiwan authorities58. 台湾同胞：Taiwan compatriots59. 台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分：Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.60. 西部大开发：Development of the West Regions61. 可持续性发展：sustainable development英文写作必背句型一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名词+ (that) + 主词+ have ever + seen( known/heard/had/read, etc)~~~ the most + 形容词+ 名词+ (that) + 主词+ have ever + seen( known/heard/had/read, etc)例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。

汉英翻译中的新词新语讲解

汉英翻译中的新词新语讲解改革开放以来，我国社会生活发生了急剧变化，大批新词新语应运而生。

由于社会变革的迅猛，新词的生成速度惊人地快。

比如，人们正大谈“厄尔尼诺”之际，“拉尼娜”已经产生；刚出现“智商” 却又进出个“情商”；才在谈“第三产业”，“第四产业”已悄然而至：“军嫂”的事迹还在传诵“空嫂、呼嫂、礁嫂、纱嫂、报嫂、红嫂、接送嫂、抗洪大嫂”业已闪亮登场……凡此等等，不一而足，简直让人应接不暇。

语言是社会政治、经济、思想、文化的象征，一定时期的新词新语是一定时期人们思维方式和生活方式的反映。

面对新词新语，外语工作者有责任及时将它们译成准确、地道的外语，以便让国外读者了解今日中国的国情及发展。

怎样才能做好汉语新词新语的英译工作呢？下面，笔者拟结合实例谈几点粗浅看法。

就汉语新词的产生看，其源语有二：一是自他语中引入，二是自本族语中新生。

显而易见，对引进的新词应取回译法，即还“舶来品”以本来面目。

例如，峰会：summi t；克隆：clone；冰毒：iee；摇头丸：dancing outreach；传销：m ulti-level marketing；2000年问题：Y2K problem；等等。

值得注意的是，汉语中某些新词看似“国产”实乃“进口” ，翻译时也需“转内销”。

例如，白皮书：white paper；国际大都市：cosmopolis。

其次，汉语中某些旧词新义词其实也是来自他语，译时也只能“回娘家”。

例如，咖啡伴侣之“伴侣”：mate；X门电话之“门”：Line。

至于自本民族语中新生的词语，特别是那些具有中国特色，反映本国新事物，新概念的新词新语，则应？quot；信“和” 顺“为标准，或移译，或义译，或直译加注。

移译指借用目的语中相对应或基本对应的词语传译。

例如，傻瓜相机：Inst amatic；白条：IOU note；巡回招聘：milk round。

义译和直译之所指，大家早已熟知，此各举二例，以资佐证。

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第22卷　第4期太原教育学院学报Vo1.22No.4　2004年12月J OURNAL OF TAIYUAN INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION Dec.2004收稿日期:2004-03-16作者简介:吴永红(1972-),女,四川乐至人,山西大学商务学院讲师。

汉语时兴新词的英译吴永红(山西大学商务学院,山西太原030031)摘　要:语言是社会政治、经济、思想、文化的载体,一定时期的新词新语是一定时期人们思维方式和生活方式的反映。

面对新词新语,外语工作者有责任将其译成准确、地道的外语,以便让国外读者及时了解中国的国情及发展。

关键词:汉英翻译;时兴新词;译文质量;信,达,雅中图分类号:H315.9　文献标识码:A 文章编号:1008-8601(2004)04-0048-03改革开放以来,我国社会生活发生了急剧变化,大批新词新语应运而生。

由于社会变革迅猛,新词生成速度惊人地快。

比如,人们正大谈“厄尔尼诺”(El Nino )之际,“拉尼娜”(La Nina )已经产生;刚出现“智商”(IQ )却又迸出个“情商”(EQ );才在谈“第三产业”(thir d industry,service sector),第四产业(quaternary/information industry)已悄然而至;“军嫂”(militar y spouse)的事迹还在传诵,“空嫂、呼嫂、抱嫂、红嫂”已闪亮登场,凡此等等,不一而足,简直让人应接不暇。

语言是社会政治、经济、思想、文化的载体,一定时期的新词新语是一定时期人们思维方式和生活方式的反映。

面对新词新语,外语工作者有责任将其译成准确、地道的外语,以便让国外读者及时了解中国的国情及发展。

怎样才能做好汉语新词的英译呢?严复的“信、达、雅”三个字精辟的概括了翻译的标准,这个标准要求译文既能准确地表达意思,又能通顺流畅,文辞优美,可读性强。

但在翻译中达到这个标准,却不是一件容易的事。

新词新语的汉英翻译有两种倾向:一种是一味追求译文文辞优美,忽略乃至偏离了原意;另一种是拘泥于原文的字句,机械的从字面上“对号入座”,不顺而且难懂。

这都是不符合“信、达、雅”的标准。

就汉语新词的产生看,其源语有二:一是自他语中引入。

显而易见,对引进的新词应取回议法,还以本来面目。

例如,峰会(summit )、克隆(clone )、摇头丸(dancing outreach )、传销(multi-level mar keting)等等。

值得注意的是,汉语中某些新词看似“国产”实乃“进口”,翻译时也需“转内销”。

例如,白皮书white paper (white cover book )、国际大都市cosmpolish (不是internationalcity )。

其次,汉语中某些旧词新义其实也是来自他语,例如,咖啡伴侣之“伴侣”mate 、X 门电话之“门”line 。

二是自本族语中新生的词语,特别是那些具有中国特色,反映本国特色、本国新事物、新概念的新词语,则应以“信”和“顺”为标准,或移译,或意译,或直译加注。

例如,傻瓜相机Instamatic 商标名<INST A —48—太原教育学院学报2004年第4期(总第70期)(NT)+(AUT O)MAT IC>,焦距、镜头均固定,被称为foolproof相机或user-friendly camera (用户容易使用的相机);白条IOU:债款、债务,由I owe you的读音缩略转义而来;milk round(一种招聘毕业生的方式,大公司走访各大学及学院,向求职者介绍本公司情况并与报名者晤谈)。

一、汉语新词新语的译法1.直译。

对于表达中西共有的社会现象的词汇以及通过字面直译外国人能读懂的新词,可以直译。

例如,地方保护主义(r egional protectionism)、反不正当竞争(campaign against competition by inappropriate means)、电视直销(T V home shopping)、售后服务(after-sale service)、婚外恋(extr amarital love)等等。

2.意译。

对于那些直译后,容易误导或不能充分表达含义的汉语词汇,采用意译的方法。

比如,“街道妇女”不能译成(street women),可译成(housewives of the neighborhood)。

又如,“投资方向”译成(Investment Orientation)是不明确的,似可译为(Pr iority Ar eas for Investment)。

其他的还有打白条(issue IOU)、摆谱儿(put on airs)、扣帽子(put a label on)、安居工程(housing project for low-income families)等。

3.套用习语、成语。

虽然崭新的社会生活在不断丰富着汉语词汇,但有许多汉语新词句仍可套用内容相当的英语习语、成语。

例如,拆东墙补西墙(rob Peter to pay Paul)、低调(A new broom sweeps clean)、不打不成交(no discord,no concord)等等,这也是翻译界讨论中的“异化”处理法。

二、汉语新词的翻译是一件浩繁艰巨的、富有创新意义的工作1.遣词造句,字斟句酌。

想当然和对号入座是翻译新手的常见病,在汉语新词的英译中也屡有表现。

例如,一见“投资热点”(a region attractive to investors,a much-sought piece of hand,popular investment spot)便不假思索地译作(investment hot spot),甚至译作(investment heat spot)。

须知,hot spot指的是“(可能)发生动乱的地方”,而heat spot则是医学上的“热觉点”。

又如,“X门电话”中的“门”本是一条中继线(line)可不少人硬以door、gate、set等相译,以为这样才叫“对等”。

2.形神兼备,尽传原文情貌。

翻译既是科学又是艺术。

因此,凡原文具有或音或形或义等突出特征,译文宜尽量传达,即便原文平平,译文生动活泼一些也未尝不可。

比如,译文chain debts或debt chains就活脱脱地表达了企业之间“你欠我,我欠你”的“三角债”内涵,较之译文triangle debt无疑更准确。

又如,“投诉”的译文lodge a complaint或register a beef虽不褒不贬,但“投诉热线”的译文dial-a-cheat confidential hotline(打电话告诉一件欺诈事件)却是非分明,给人以于幽默中见智的良好印象。

3.以“信”和“顺”的标准修正或取舍译文。

新词的翻译应遵循既“信”且“顺”的原则。

实践中常有这样的情形,或因为理解有误,或因为表达欠佳,或因为原词的内涵发生了变化,到一定时候,人们不得不对某些译文进行——49吴永红:汉语时兴新词的英译修正甚至另觅新译。

例如,“外资”早期的译文(for eign investment),因名不副实而被改译为(oversea investment)。

所谓另觅新译,主要指抛弃欠地道的译文,代之以读者知之好之的,比如“联防”系指一种由警察和辖区居民的治安管理,其现有译文(joint command of defense force),但怎么也不及英文现成表达法(commutual policing)地道。

又如,“三陪服务”指的是为赚钱而在酒吧、宾馆、舞厅、卡拉OK,陪客人喝酒、唱歌、跳舞。

此语现译作(three company services),似乎欠妥,因为(service)易滋歧义,以为有关人员每次必须三种服务,而且以(company)译“陪”难以译出潜在的色彩。

其实“三陪”之类的事西方人们谓之(escort ser vice)“陪伴服务”。

4.尊重惯译,保持既定译名的规范。

一些汉语新词,特别是一些政策性的词,当其译文经过实践及时间的检验证明,以被人接受并广为使用时,不宜再“推陈出新”,以免产生混乱甚至造成误解。

例如,“五讲四美”已译为(five stresses and four points of beauty),就无须再译为(five advocatings and four of beauty);又如“一国两制”已定为(one country two system),绝不应再改为(one country with two system)。

5.兼收并蓄,积累充分的素材。

一语多译是翻译中的最普遍现象,汉语的翻译也不例外。

因此,只要符合标准,同时有多种译文,特别是同一词语在不同语境下的表达法,均宜收集在案,以备来时之需。

例如“一次性”一词因搭配对象不同至少有以下不同的表达方法:一次处理(single/primary treat:pollution)、一次空气(fr esh air)、一次付清(pay in full)、一次性雨伞(throwaway umbrella)。

再如,“快餐”大致已有snack(food)、quick meal、takeaway food、fast food or meal、carr yout等译文,然而英文新词却也让人耳目一新。

汉译英难,而没有先例可援的汉语新词新语则更难。

对有志翻译工作的青年永远是一项有趣且体现才智的工作。

参考文献:[1]陈新.英汉文体翻译教程[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1999.[2]单其昌.汉英翻译教材[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2001.English Tr anslation of the New Chinese Expressions Emerged in Social LifeWU Yong-hong(Commer cial College of Shanxi University,T aiyuan030031,China)Abstr act:T he author analyses the or igin of the new expr essions in Chinese language and discusses its structur es a nd some pr oblems in translation.A brief summar y is given to help master the corr ect expr ession and impr ove the quality of t ranslat ion.Key Wor ds:new words;t he quality;Chinese-English t ransla tion as a whole——50。