增词法练习
增词法
一、为了语法上的需要而增词
1、时态要求 I didn’t know it. 我以前不知道。 He went home. 他回家了。 She’s been living in Beijing since 1990. 她从1990年以来一直住在北京。 They are looking at a picture. 他们正在看一幅画。 Will you stay? 你会留下来吗？
Businessmen went flying off to Adelaide for fortune
In the evening, after the banquets , the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions , he would work on the drafting of the final communiqué. The mountains began to throw their long blue shadows over the valley..
Is this your book? Yes ,it is. 是我的 He believes it. So do I. 他相信，我也相信 Two suggests harmony, and six smooth progress. 二象征和谐，六象征顺利。 Your packing is not as good as your competitor’s. 贵方的包装不如贵方竞争者的包装好。
增词法
一、为了语法上的需要而增词
二、为了表达清晰和自然而增词
一、为了语法上的需要而增词
I didn’t know it. 我以前不知道。 He went home. 他回家了。 She’s been living in Beijing since 1990. 她从1990年以来一直住在北京。 They are looking at a picture. 他们正在看一幅画。 Will you stay? 你会留下来吗？
翻译复习
一、增词法1..After the banquets ,the concerts and the table tennis exhibitor ,he went home tiredly .在参加宴会、出席音乐会、观看乒乓球表演之后，他疲倦地回到了家里。
（增加动词）2..He sank down with his face in his hands .他两手蒙着脸，一屁股坐了下去。
（增加副词）3. The article summed up the new achievements made in electronic computers ,artificial satellites and rockets .本文总结了电子计算机、人造卫星和火箭这三方面的新成就。
（增加概括词）4. A small price difference can kill a product.价格上的细微差异（就）（足以）能将产品置于死地5. Theory is something but practice is everything.理论固然重要，但实践尤其重要。
（增补逻辑连贯的词）6.。
The strongest spring leads to fatigue failure caused by excessively high stress.即使是强度最大的弹簧，也会因应力过大而导致疲劳损坏[力] 。
二、分句法(副词/形容词/名词）翻译成句子1.They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives..他们正在为实现一个理想而努力，这个理想是每个中国人所珍爱的，在过去，许多中国人为了这个理想而牺牲了自己的生命。
增词法翻译练习题
增词法翻译练习题㈠一. 试翻译下列各句, 注意在斜体名词前增加动词.1. They talked for almost eight hours, through dinner and well into the night.2. He favored the efforts to improve relations with all peace-loving countries.3. “Nobody could count on his restraint or rationality,” he said.4. My work, my family, my friends were more than enough to filmy time.二. 试翻译下列各句, 注意在斜体名词前增加形容词.1. “This is grasping at straws, I know,” said the hopeless man.2. With the meeting to begin in just a couple of hours, I had not the time to worry about such trifles.3. “It will make a man of him,” said Jack. “College is the place.”4. He regard the National Day edition of that paper as a collector`s item. 三．试翻译下列各句, 注意增加副词.1. Now and then his boots shone.2. A seagull saw the light from my window and darted up to it.3. They lingered long over his letter.4. He turned a chair around and straddled it, resting his chin on the back.四. 试翻译下列各句, 注意在斜体不及物动词后增加名词.1. He began to see things and to understand.2. He ate and drank, for he was exhausted.3. Stephen came out of the mill into the damp wind and cold wet street, haggard and worn.六. 试翻译下列各句, 注意在斜体名词前家表复数的词.1. Very acute problems exits among them.2. The U.S. had a brief period of regional feudalism during the period of slavery in the southern states.3. They drove in a black limousine, past groves of biech trees and endless rows of identical new buildings.七. 试翻译下列各句, 注意在斜体动词需要增加表时间的词.1. I knew it quite well as I know it now.2. Mother insisted to this day that she thought I was just joking.3. They has always been able to control things. Now control was getting away from all of them.八. 试翻译下列各句, 注意增加助词.1.” All that made this Christmas Day was my knowing it was,”.2. The little kid had brought with him his knife, scissors and so on.3. It was mostly small talk, but I would have very little of that Family news. Messages from sisters, nephews, nieces.㈡一. 试翻译下列各句, 注意增加适当的词.1. “How shall I do?”–“Just as you wish.”2. Sometimes their faces froze, sometimes their feet and their hands.3. Either you do it, or we will get somebody who will.4. Mr. Morrison took over as Director, Mr. White as Vice Director.二. 试翻译下列各句, 通过增词来表达原文中的含蓄条件句.1. Any leak, even at this late date, could have tremendous international repercussions.2. They would not have done such a thing without government approval.3. The bridge was painted a dull green color. Under any other circumstancesI probably would have found it ugly.三. 试翻译下列各句, 通过增词来表达斜体do/does/did 所代替的意义.1. He did not really represent their opinions to higher-ups, although he claimed he did.2. The guard inside the prison had no guns. But those in the towers did.3. I tired not to draw too much hope from the incident, but despite my resolve, I did.四. 试翻译下列各句, 通过增词使斜体的抽象名词具体化.1. His arrogance made everyone dislike him.2. Now birth control became a possibility.3. The vague restlessness since boyhood remained.4. There had been an ease of international tension.5. Preparations for the conference had been plagued by many problems.五. 试翻译下列各句, 注意在必要增加处增加概括词.1. They talked about inflation, unemployment and environmental pollution.2. Thus he grew in body and soul.3. All the facts concerning Mr. Powers family background, his upbringing, his personal experience, his social connections and his occupation have subjected to intensive study.六. 试翻译下列各句, 注意在必要增加承上启下的词.1. He stepped to the platform and paused: a little dingy station, a small crowd of travelers.2. Border formalities, the French offcials were polite and efficient, the Nazi authorities aloof and superior.重复法翻译练习题㈠一、选择下列个句,重复斜体的名词1.We would learn how to analyze and solve problems.2.It is our duty to rebuild and defend our home_land.3.asa good play serves to educate and inspire the people.4.It was he who first repudiated and breached the understanding.5.They would be very reluctant to postpone or cancel the meeting.二、选择下列句子,重复斜体介词前的名词.1.We caught a glimpse of the leading horses and of a horseman vanishingthrough the rain2.The prisoners often got into argument with each other or with the guard.3.Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration.4.The use of poison gas is a clear violation of international law inparticular of the Geneva Convention.5. He broke all connections with his past, and with the old society inevery way三、试翻译下列个句子重复斜体的动词1.People forget your face ,then your name.2.This requires care and , for difficult problems , great experience.3. I owned a town house , a car and a driver’s license to take myself about.4. They were starting from scratch and needed men, guns , training.5. He wore zippered for this campaign as they had for larger ones .四. 试翻译下列个句子,重复斜体介词前的动词.1. Then he spoke of the rise of charity and popular education , and particularly of the spread of wealth and work.2. Grammar deals with the structure of language , English grammar with the structure of English , French grammar with the structure of French, etc.3. They talked of things they longed for _of hot soup and of the richness of butter.4. They had prepared for this campaign as they had for larger ones .五. 试翻译下列个句子.重复斜体代词所代表的名词1. Ignoring a problem does not solve it .2. Smith seemed ill at ease with power, Ball sought it.3. But there are clues, and they seem to bear out my earlier suspicion.4. When her eyes looked up, they were very large, odd, and attractive.六.试翻译下列个句子,注意对斜体的代词运用重复手段.1. Big families had their own difficulties.2. Each had his own business to handle.3. Some were playing football, others were playing volleyball.4. Whoever works hard will be respected.练习题㈡一.试翻译下个句子,注意保持原文的重复手段1. It is impossible to live in society and be independent of society.2. This town is small town, looking much like other towns of its size, but few towns enjoy so many natural advantages.3. Dead is the monarch, dead the servant who cringed before him, dead the city in which they dwelt.4. If once virtue is lost, all is lost.5. Year after year and century after century the moon goes through its cycles.二.试翻译下列各句子,注意用同义词表达原文中重复的词1. Easy come, easy go.2. No pains, no gains.3. During their stay in Peking, they visited some old friends of theirs, visited Peking University and visited the Great Wall.4. She loved giving orders to the servents and they loved obeying her.三.试翻译下列各句子, 用两个在意义上相互补充的四字词组表达原文汇总斜体词.1. He showed himself calm in an emergency situation.2. The questions were evidently unexpected to the slow-witted spokesman, who instantly found himself tongue-tied.3. Instead we continued to embellish the cover story, walking blindly into his trap.4. With what seemed my last hope frustrated, I slipped into a deep lethargy.四.试翻译下列各句, 用四字重叠词表达原文中的斜体词.1. The toasts were flat.2. I was not evasive in my reply.3. A slanting sunlight dappled the grass.4. The farm buildings and the wheel-house were all dim and bluish.五.试翻译下列各句,用四字对偶词组表达原文中的斜体词.1. The trial, in his opinion, was absolutely fair.2. She is an awful fool of a woman.3. She told him of Johnsy’ s fancy.4. But at that time, she was the only woman here.六. 试翻译下列各句, 用同义词重复原文中斜体词1. Sam in the parlour, his boss was at lunch on chop and wine.2. His folks ate up everything he had.3. They might very well be preparing an attack against the country, hence their sizable build-up not only of troops, but of missiles, planes, and tanks along the border of the country.。
翻译技巧练习及答案：增译法及反正法
一、增词法
1. "Nobody could count on his restraint or rationality, " he said.
谁也不能指望他会采取克制或讲道理的的态度
2.My work, my family, my friends were more than enough to fill my time.
我干工作，我做家务，我有朋友来往，这些占用了我的全部时间
3.He regarded the National Day edition of that paper as
a collector's item.
他把国庆节那份报纸视为收藏的珍品
4.They lingered long over his letter.
他们反复看了他的来信
5.Stephen came out of the hot mill into the damp wind and cold wet streets, haggard and worn.
史蒂芬面容憔悴，精疲力竭，从闷热的工厂走出，到了凄风苦雨的街上。
6.There had been an ease of international tension.
国际紧张局势过去有所缓解。
二、反正法
7.If he had kept his temper, the negotiation would probably have been a success.
如果他没发脾气，这次谈判可能就成功了。
8. The two teams tied.两队不分胜负
9. His answer is beside the mark.他的回答文不对题。
小学语文扩写句子的三种方法
小学语文扩写句子的三种方法扩写句子是指通过增加、删减或修改原句的结构、成分或语气等手段，使其表达更加丰富、精确或生动的方法。
小学语文中，扩写句子有三种常见的方法，分别是增词法、删词法和改词法。
下面将对这三种方法进行详细的介绍。
一、增词法增词法是指通过在原句中增加一些词语或短语，使句子的信息更加详细、准确或生动的方法。
1.增加描绘性词语或短语例：原句“花开得很美。
”扩写句：“五彩斑斓的花开得很美。
”2.增加时间、地点或方式等例：原句“他唱歌。
”扩写句：“他在户外唱歌。
”“他欢快地在户外唱歌。
”3.增加感叹语气词例：原句“太棒了。
”扩写句：“太、太、太棒了！”1.删去重复或无关紧要的词语例：原句“他吃了一个苹果。
”扩写句：“他吃了苹果。
”2.删去冗长的修饰或描绘性语句例：原句“她穿着一件红色的连衣裙。
”扩写句：“她穿着连衣裙。
”3.删去无意义的句子成分例：原句“我喜欢去公园玩。
”扩写句：“我喜欢去公园。
”1.改变动词的时态、语气或语境例：原句“他打篮球。
”扩写句：“他经常打篮球。
”2.改变形容词或副词的级别例：原句“她跑得很快。
”扩写句：“她跑得飞快。
”3.改变名词的数量、性质或类别例：原句“我有一本书。
”扩写句：“我有很多好看的书。
”需要注意的是，在扩写句子时，要根据上下文和意思进行合理的选择和调整。
句子的扩写不是越复杂越好，而是要根据具体情况进行适当的改变和补充，以达到丰富表达和增强语言的功能的目的。
增词法练习
Exercise 6 (Addition)1. As to direct and indirect exporting , which approach is best depends on such factors as the company’s size, its export volume, the number of foreign countries involved, the investment required to support the operation, the profit potential, the risk present, and the desires of the overseas buyers.2. She was an attractive girl before she married, but then her husband gilded the lily by making her wear expensive clothes and she now looks just like all the other rich wives around her.3. She became a poor third in the English-speech contest.她在英语演讲赛中获得了第三名，可成绩比起前两名要差上一大截。
4. You are not Robinson Crusoe. You are not alone, so do not be so damned selfish.5. Mother insisted to this day that she thought I was joking.6. Joint ventures, in a number of cases, don’t work out because the “people” relationships become unglued and / orthe business can’t be made profitable.7. It is an uphill work.8. Although credit cards are becoming a more acceptable part of the financial scene, they are still regarded with suspicion by many as being a major part of the “live now, pay later” syndrome. Along with hire purchase, rental and leasing schemes, they provide encouragement to spend more money. 9. Time was a swiftly flowing river that had no shores, no boundaries. Its seasons were not spring, summer,autumn or winter, but birthdays and joys and troubles and pain.10. We see folks who have hit bottom. They are losing everything, jobs, families, homes. In emotional and physical reactions, they experience mood swings, nausea, muscular aches.11. What is our aim? I can answer in one word: It is victory, victory at all costs, victory in spite of all terror, victory, however long and hard the road may be; for without victory, there is nosurvival. (W. Churchill: Blood, Toil, Tears and Sweat, 1940.)12. It is a far, far better thing that I do than I have ever done; it is a far, far better rest that I go to than I have ever known. (Charles Dickens: A Tale of Two Cities)13. 有工作经验者优先录取。
增词法例句
增词法例句
增词法是一种汉语造词方法，即在一个词的前面、后面或中间加上一个字或几个字，使原来的词产生新的意义。
增词法可以丰富汉语词汇，增加表达的灵活性，让语言更加生动、形象。
下面我们通过一些例句来了解增词法的运用。
1.他们在展览会上展示了许多新颖的创意产品。
这里的“新颖”用增词法变成了“新颖的”，更加强调了产品的创新性。
2.这个小镇的景色美不胜收。
这里的“美”加上了“不胜收”，更加突出了美丽的程度，使整个句子更加生动。
3.他的笑容灿烂无比。
这里的“灿烂”加上了“无比”，更加夸张了笑容的美丽程度。
4.这本书内容丰富多彩，读起来很有意思。
这里的“丰富”加上了“多彩”，更加突出了书中内容的多样性。
5.那些孩子们天真无邪，让人不禁喜欢。
这里的“天真”加上了“无邪”，更加强调了孩子们的纯真和可爱。
增词法的运用丰富了汉语的表达方式，使语言更加生动、灵活。
通过在词语前后增加一个字或几个字，使原来的词产生新的意义，增加了语言的表达力。
在写作或口语表达中，我们可以适当运用增词法，让语言更加丰富多彩。
三、增词法与减词法
An Eagle and a Fox had long lived together as good neighbors; the eagle at the summit of a high tree, the Fox in a hole at the foot of it. 一只鹰和一只狐狸长期友好地住在一起，鹰住在一棵 高高地树顶上，狐狸住在树下的一个洞里。
没有人能指望他会采取克制或讲道理的态度。
4. My work, my family, my friends were more than enough to fill my time. 我干工作，做家务，和朋友交往，这些占用了我的全 部时间。 5. This is grasping at straws, I know. 我知道，这是在抓救命稻草。 6. With the meeting to begin in just a couple of hours, I hadn’t the time to worry about such trifles. 不出两三个小时会议就要开始，我没有闲工夫为这些 琐事操心了。
16. He squeezed his sister too and gave her a gentle push.
他也挤了他妹妹一下，并且把她轻轻推了一下。 17. You might just take a look at my coat before this afternoon.
你最好在下午前看一眼我的上衣。 18. He stepped to the platform and paused: a little dingy station, a small crowd of travelers. 他跨到月台上，停了停，只看见：一个阴沉沉的小车 站和一小群旅客。
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Do Exercises：
一.翻译下列句子，增补动词、名词、形容词、副词、量词
1. They talked for almost eight hours,through dinner and well into the night.
他们谈了大概八个小时，从吃晚饭开始一直谈到深夜。
2. With the meeting to begin in just a couple of hours, I hadn’t
the timeto worry about such trifles.
离会议开始只有几个小时了，我没有什么美国时间去操心
这些琐事。
3. Now and then his bootsshone.
他的靴子时时闪闪发光。
4. He squeezed his sister too andgave her a gentle push.他捏了捏他的妹妹然后轻轻地推了推她。
二.翻译下列句子，增补原句中的省略部分。
1. Everything was on a larger scale for him, the highs were
higher, the lows lower.
他喜欢夸大其词，好的说得更好，坏的说得更坏。
2. Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own.被别人打败比被自己打败更明智。
3. He became one of the prominent men of the House,
speaking clearly, sensibly, and modestly and never too long.他成为众议院的一名杰出的议员之后，讲话清晰明了，措辞敏感，态度谨慎而且从不说太久。
三.翻译下列句子，在抽象名词前、后增加名词，增补语气词。
1. His diligence, earnestness, carefulness and brilliance,
made him praised by all.
他的勤奋，认真，细心而且才华横溢，所有人都称赞他。
2. They remained in restlessness.
他们仍然处于忐忑不安的状态。
3. Don’t take it seriously, I am just making fun of you.不要太认真，我只是在跟你开玩笑呢。
四．试译下列句子，必要处增加概括词和承上启下的词。
1. They talked about inflation, unemployment and
environmental pollution.
他们谈到了三点：
通货膨胀，失业和环境污染。
2. Thus he grew in body and soul.
因此，他不仅生理上成长了而且心理上也得到了发展。
3.Border formalities,the French officials were polite and efficient, the Nazi authorities aloof and superior.
在办理边境手续时，法国官员态度亲切而且办事效率高，但纳粹当局的态度就显得十分的冷淡和高傲。