英汉翻译教程

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英汉汉英翻译教程参考译文

英汉汉英翻译教程参考译文

第6课The Miao Dragon Boat Festival (II)The Miao Dragon Boat Festival is different from / differs from the Hans’ / that of the Hans / the Han celebration. Apart from / Besides / In addition to a different date of celebration from that of the Hans’ (which takes place / happens / is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month) , it generally does not include a dragon boat race, but (it) chiefly (includes) visits to friends and relatives in other villages instead. The dragon boat begins its voyage along the river early in the morning / in the early morning, and is received by friends and relatives wherever / at any place where it stops / arrives.When it approaches / comes near a village, an iron blaster is set off to announce its arrival / inform friends and relatives (of its arrival). Villagers on the bank respond with firecrackers / set off firecrackers in response and come to meet it. The hosts present two cups of rice wine to each oarsman / present each oarsman with two cups of rice wine and then tie / fasten gifts—ducks, geese, and colored silks—(on) to the head of the dragon. Gifts for close relatives, like / such as sons-in-law or cousins, are pigs or goats.At about 4 p.m. the boat stops alongside the river bank. The people on the boat eat, with their fingers / without using bowls and chopsticks, meat and glutinous rice balls (which are) placed on the sides of the boat. Women and children on the bank come to “beg”the boatmen for food. Legend had it that if one ate food from a dragon boat, he would be free from disaster and have all his wishes fulfilled, / eating food from a dragon boat would protect one from disaster and fulfill all one’s wishes, which / and that later became a tradition / traditional custom.On the banks of the river are also held / there are also the Miaos’traditional horse races, bullfights and drum dances. Girls in holiday clothes / holiday attire / holiday array / their holiday best dance to (the accompaniment of) (log) drums / (log) drum beats. Young men and women sing antiphonally all through the festival nights; they get to know each other / get acquainted with each other thereby, and often get married / become man and wife later.第7课大本钟大本钟是伦敦最有名的地标之一,也是世界上最大的四钟面时钟之一。

英汉翻译教程

英汉翻译教程

英汉翻译教程——上海外语教育出版社1、John can be relied on. He eats no fish and plays the game.约翰为人可靠,他既忠诚又正直。

2、He who would eat the nut must first crack the shell.(前置)要吃核果,必先敲壳。

(要享受果实,必先劳动。

)3、They fought so bravely that the invasion was crushed inseventy-two hours.(后置)他们打得勇敢,七十二小时内就粉碎了敌人的入侵。

(后置)We worked fast and well, so that we overfulfilled our production plan. (后置)我们工作得又快又好,超额完成了生产计划。

(后置)4、He is the last man to come.他是最后来的。

He is the last man to do it.他是绝不会干那件事。

He is the last person for such a job.他最不配干这个工作。

He should be the last (man) to blame.怎么也不该怪他。

He is the last man to consult.根本不宜找他商量。

This is the last place where I expected to meet you.我怎么也没料到会在这个地方见到你。

5、He was a man of integrity, but unfortunately he had a certainreputation. I believe the reputation was not deserved.他是一个正直诚实的人,但不幸有某种坏名声。

我相信他这个坏名声是不该有的。

6、He had lied to me and made me the tool of his wicked deeds.他欺骗了我,使我成了进行罪恶勾当的工具。

4.英汉翻译教程 (1)

4.英汉翻译教程 (1)

第一章翻译的定义和翻译的原则一、翻译的定义1.Translation is the art of recomposing a work in another language without losing its original flavor.( Columbia Encyclopedia )2. Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. ( Eugene A. Nida )3.翻译是把一种语言表达的意义用另一种语言传达出来,以达到沟通思想感情、传播文化知识、促进社会文明,特别是推动译语文化兴旺昌盛的目的。

(孙致礼2003:6 )二、翻译的原则1. Yan Fu (1854-1921)In translation, there are three aspects difficult to bring about: faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance. It is no easy work to realize ―faithfulness‖! If there is only faithfulness without expressiveness , the translation doesn’t amount to translation. From here we can see expressiveness is of great importance.(译事三难,信,达,雅。

求其信已大难矣!顾信矣不达,虽译犹不译也,则达尚焉)①Japanese army killed millions of innocent people during the war.----那场战争中日本军队屠杀了成百上千无辜的平民②Action is equal to reaction, but it acts in a contrary direction.――作用力与反作用力大小相等,方向相反.③We shall all miss him, but we wish him a long and happy retirement.――我们都会想念他的,我们祝愿他退休后快乐、长寿.④For never was a story of more woe Than this of Juliet and her Romeo.古往今来多少离合悲欢, 谁曾见这样的哀怨辛酸!⑤Crafty men contempt studies, simple men admire them, and wise use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them , won by observation.――有一技之长者鄙读书,无知者慕读书,唯明智之士用读书,然书并不以用处告人,用书之智不在书中,而在书外,全凭观察得之.2. Fu Lei (1908-1966)①From there I could see the whole valley below, the field, the river , and the village. It was all beautiful, and the sight of it filled me with longing.――从这里望下去,整个山谷一览无遗,只见那田野、河流、村庄,全都美不胜收,真叫我心驰神往.②He carried on a business , but brought his pigs to the wrong market.――他经营生意,可是几乎血本无归.3.Qian Zhongshu①Capri is a gaunt rock of austere outline, bathed in a deep blue sea; but its vineyards, green and smiling, give ita soft and easy grace. It is friendly, remote, and debonair.卡普里岛是一块外形突兀的荒凉的岩石,沐浴在深蓝色的海洋里,但是它的葱绿的葡萄园仿佛在向人微笑,使这个海岛增添了几分令人舒爽的温柔宁静的姿色,卡普里岛远离尘嚣,但景色宣人,生机盎然。

英译汉教程(第一章)

英译汉教程(第一章)
• Source language, target language/ receptor language; translator, author; original, version/translation
2
Classification of Translation
1) 从译出语和译入语的角度来分类: 本族语译为外语,外语译为本族语;
许渊冲贺杨振宁新婚 双语诗句
• 振宁不老松,扬帆为小翁,岁寒情更热, 花好驻春风。 • The ageless won’t grow old. You sail with your young bride. Love will warm winter cold. Spring will ever abide.
5
不懂外文的翻译家---林纾
• 林纾,字琴南,号畏庐、冷红生。生于1852年,福建闽县人。中国近代 翻译家、文学家。先后翻译英、美、法、俄、德、瑞士、比利时、西班 牙、挪威、希腊和日本小说183种,出版了160余部,其中不少是世界名 著,如《巴黎茶花女遗事》(La Dame aux Camelias)、《黑奴吁天录 》(Uncle Tom’s Cabin)《快肉余生述》(David Copperfield)、 《贼史》(Oliver Twist)、《王子复仇记》(Hamlet)等,在早期翻 译家中影响很大,是大量介绍西方文学的第一人。
第一章 绪论
A General Introduction About Translation
1
Definition of Translation
• “the replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL).” (J.C. Catford ) • Cross-linguistic transformation of meaning

(完整版)英汉翻译教程

(完整版)英汉翻译教程

英汉翻译教程张培基第一讲翻译原则简介一、教学目的:了解基本的翻译原则和翻译研究的问题二、教学过程:1.翻译的定义和内涵:(Definition and Connotation)Translation is an art/ science/craf2.中国几位翻译家的理论(influential translation principles)严复:信达雅-—- faithfulness/expressiveness/elegance。

The “three character guide" is regarded as a plumb—line of long standing to measure the professional level of translating.傅雷:神似--—spiritual conformity。

Emphasizing the reproduction of the spirit of the flavor of the original。

强调原作神韵再现。

钱钟书:化境--—sublimed adaptation. Focus on the translator’s smooth and idiomatic Chinese version for the sake of the Chinese reader.刘重德:信、达、切-——faithfulness/expressiveness/closeness.3.中国翻译史上的论争:鲁迅:宁信而不顺-—-rather to be faithful than smooth。

目的:引入英文句式的表达法梁实秋、赵景深:宁顺而不信--—rather to be smooth than faithful 目的:可读性强,便于交流.4.直译与意译:直译—--literal translation意译:free translation直译的例子:crocodile tears鳄鱼的眼泪; armed to the teeth武装到牙齿; chain reaction连锁反应;gentlemen's agreement君子协定; one country, two systems 一国两制;The three religions and the nine schools of thought 三教九流;paper tiger 纸老虎; Breath one’s last——-断气; go to one’s external rest——-安息; the long sleep——-长眠;see Marx 见马克思; Go west 上西天; go to heaven 上天堂; blow out the candles 吹灯拔蜡kick the bucket 蹬腿:直译不等于死译(dead translation):街道妇女应动员起来打扫卫生:Women in the street should be called on to do some cleaning.“In the street" should be replaced by “in the community”.她一大早起床,进城,见到了她的公爹:She got up early, went to the town and saw her public father。

英汉翻译教程

英汉翻译教程

最后是附录部分,其中包含了英汉对照词汇表和常用翻译术语表。这些内容对 于翻译实践具有重要的参考价值,可以帮助读者更有效地理解和使用翻译工具 和资源。
《英汉翻译教程》这本书的目录结构清晰、内容丰富,既有理论指导,又有实 践应用,是一本极具价值的翻译教程。通过学习和使用这本书,读者可以全面 提升自己的英汉翻译能力,为今后的学习和工作做好准备。
在实践篇中,作者通过大量真实的翻译实例,让读者在实践中学习和应用前面 所学的理论和技巧。这些实例涵盖了各个领域和主题,使读者有机会接触到各 种不同的翻译情况,从而提升他们的翻译能力和适应性。
专题篇则是一些具有特殊性的翻译专题,如文学翻译、科技翻译、商务翻译等。 这部分内容不仅拓宽了读者的视野,也使他们在特定领域的翻译实践中获得更 多的指导。
“翻译中的难点往往在于如何把握原文的意思。”
这句话告诉我们,翻译的难点往往在于如何准确地把握原文的意思。在翻译过 程中,我们需要仔细阅读原文,理解原文的意思和作者的意图,才能更好地进 行翻译。
阅读感受
在我研究这本《英汉翻译教程》的过程中,我深深被其对翻译的全面且深入的 剖析所吸引。从理论到实践,从基础知识到高级技巧,这本书不仅提供了丰富 的知识,也为我提供了许多独特的视角和深入的思考。
这句话告诉我们,翻译的忠实性和通顺性是相互依存的。如果一个翻译没有忠 实于原文的意思,那么这个翻译就失去了它的意义;而如果一个翻译不通顺, 那么它就难以被读者理解和接受。
这句话提醒我们,翻译不仅仅是语言之间的转换,更是一种文化之间的交流。 在翻译过程中,我们需要了解不同文化之间的差异和特点,才能更好地理解和 表达原文的意思。
《英汉翻译教程》这本书为我提供了许多宝贵的启示和指导,让我对翻译有了 更深入的理解。我相信,这本书不仅对我在英语翻译上的提高有着巨大的帮助, 也会对我对翻译这门艺术的热爱产生深远的影响。

英汉翻译基础教程

英汉翻译基础教程

英语翻译基础教程总主编:冯庆华主编:冯庆华陈科芳1 “意思”的译法甲:这是一点小意思,请务必收下。

乙:你这个人真是有意思,怎么也来这一套。

甲:哎,只是意思意思,乙:啊,真是不好意思。

译文:A:This is a little gift as a token of my appreciation .Please do take it . B:Oh, aren't you a bit too polite ? you should not do that .A: Well ,it just conveys my gratitude.B: Ah, thank you then ,though i really do not deserve it . 2 “说”(1)阿Q将衣服摔在地上,吐一口唾沫,说:“这毛虫”!《阿Q正传》译文:Ah Q flung his jacket on the ground ,spat ,and swore ,“hairy worm!”(2) “三个臭皮匠,合成个诸葛亮”,这就是说,群众有伟大的创造力。

《毛泽东选集》文: The old saying ,"three cobblers with their wits combined would equal Zhuge Liang the mastermind ,"simple means the masses have great creative power.(3):也不知安居乐业,最早见于什么典籍,四个字一针见血的点名了生活中的一个因果关系。

译文:I can not say in what canon the words "secure in one's home and happy in one's work" first appeared ,but that expression cuts to the core of a primary determinant in human life.3 你们偶然看见一颗花生瑟缩的长在地上,不能立刻分辨出它有没有果实,非得等到你接触到它时你才能知道。

《英汉翻译教程》

《英汉翻译教程》

傅雷在总结了严复以来我国的翻译经验之后 提出翻译应“重神似而不重形似;得其精而 忘其粗,在其内而忘其外。”
钱钟书则指出:“文学翻译的最高标准是‘化’。 把作品从一国文字转变成另一国文字,既能不因 语文习惯的差异而露出生硬牵强的痕迹,又能完 全保存原有的风味,那就算得入于‘化境''。” 英国翻译家泰特勒于1790年在他的《论翻译的 原理》一书中也提出了著名的翻译三原则: 1.译文应完全复写出原作的思想。 2.译文的风格和笔调应与原文的性质相同。 3.译文与原作同样流畅。
《英汉翻译教程》
第一章介绍 翻译是一门跨学科的专业,翻译教学也不能等 同于外语教学,它应该作为一门独立的学科来 学。既要学习理论知识又要重视实践。没有足 够的翻译实践,学理论如隔靴搔痒,而没有一 定的理论知识指导,翻译实践的水平也难以提 高。翻译课的目的是培养和提高学生的实际翻 译能力,要达到这个目的,光靠课堂传授知识 是不够的,学生应该自主学习,积极参与翻译 实践才行。
例如:The police went out in force to control the crowd. 译文1:警察出动武力去控制人群。 译文2:警察大批出动去控制人群。 译文1对于in force的理解是错误的, in force的意思是in large number。所以译文2 是正确的。
二、关于翻译的标准
不少翻译家对翻译的标准都提出了要求。有了 翻译标准,评判译文的正误优劣才有依据,在 翻译过程中才能目标明确、取舍有据、少走弯 路。那么什么是翻译标准呢,对于这个问题可 以说是百家争鸣,仁者见仁,智者见智。
但是我国清代翻译家严复于1898年提出了著名的翻译标准 “信、达、雅”,历经百余年,至今仍广为引用和研究, 足见其影响深远。严复的“信”,是指“达旨”,主张译 文应忠实于原文,不拘泥于原文形式以求原意明显;严复 的“达”,是要用汉以前的字法句法;而他的“雅”,则 是脱离原文而片面追求译文的古雅。后来的翻译理论家都 各自给严复的三字翻译标准赋予新的内涵。多数人认为 “信”是忠实原意,“达”是通顺流畅,“雅”是保持原 文的风格。这就赋予“信、达、雅”翻译标准新的内容和 要求。
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Questions
• what is the nature of translation? • what are the criteria of translation? • what is a good translation?
Nature and Scope of Translation
Definition定义举例:
Scopes of translation
1. According to languages
1) Intralingual translation (语内翻译): The translation among the language varieties within a language. For example, translation from ancient Chinese prose to modern Chinese.
• 我国最流行的说法:“翻译是运用一种语言把另一 种语言所表达的思想内容准确而完整地重新表达出 来的语言活动”。 • 美国翻译理论家E.A.Nida:“Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. 所谓翻译,是指从语义到语体(风格)在译语中 用最切近而又最自然的对等语再现原语的信息。”
We do chicken right!-----我们是烹鸡家!
• • • •
Questions: What did you do just now? What is translation in your opinion? How do you judge the translaБайду номын сангаасion is good or not?
第一篇 基础理论
WARM UP
• Please translate the following English into Chinese. • Standing by the window lost in thought for a long time, I realized that no scenery in the world remains unchanged. As long as you keep your heart basing in the sun, every dawn will present a fine prospect for you to unfold and the world will always be bringing about new hopes.
英汉翻译教程
翻译课的教学要求和任务
(Requirements & Tasks of Translation Course)
1.翻译课教学要求:
《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》(以下简称《大纲》) 就高校翻译教学规定:‚笔译课的目的在于使学生具备笔头 翻译的基本能力。通过介绍各类文体语言的特点、汉英两种 语言的对比和分析以及各种不同文体的翻译方法,使学生掌 握英汉双语翻译的基本理论,掌握英汉词语、长句及各种文 体的翻译技巧和英汉互译的能力。‛ ‚能运用翻译的理论 和技巧,将英美报刊上的文章以及文学原著译成汉语,或将 我国报刊、杂志上的文章和一般文学作品译成英语,速度为 每小时250—300个英文单词。译文要求忠实原意,语言流 畅。能担任一般外事活动的口译。‛
翻译的标准
• 严复(1853-1921):信、达、雅
• Triple Principle of Translation
⊙信:(faithfulness)忠实于原文/忠实准确 ⊙达:(expressiveness)文笔流畅/通顺流 畅 ⊙雅:(elegance)文风典雅/文字古雅(士 大夫) --保持原文的风格
• These questions are what we will get to know in this class.
• What is the aim of translation? • First of all, a translation should let people know the meaning (or get the information) of the source language. • However, translation is not a pure linguistic activity. It also involves other non-linguistic elements, especially cultural element.
• 奈达有关翻译的定义指明,翻译不仅是词 汇意义上的对等,还包括语义、风格和文 体的对等,翻译传达的信息既有表层词汇 信息,也有深层的文化信息。 • Source language to target language
• 源语言(译出语)
目标语(译入语)
Nature and Scope of Translation
Brief History of Translation in China
中国历史上出现过三次翻译高潮: 第一次:东汉至唐宋的佛经翻译;(佛教三大翻 译家:鸠摩罗什-《金刚经》、《法华经》、真 谛《摄大乘论》、玄奘-梵文译成汉文,汉文译成 梵文_老子) 第二次:明末清初的科技翻译(徐光启、林纾、 严复《天演论》、徐光启和意大利人利玛窦《几 何原本》《测量法义》); 第三次:鸦片战争至‚五四‛的西学翻译(《共 产党宣言》鲁迅、《毁灭》《死魂灵》瞿秋白 《论巴尔扎克》)。
鲁迅:信和顺主张‚宁信而毋顺‛,译作 ‚力求其易解‛并‚保持着原作的丰姿‛ 瞿秋白主张在翻译中大胆地运用新的表现 方式方法,新的字眼,新的句法。 林语堂:忠实、通顺和美 刘重德:信、达、切
• Teacher’s version • 我站在窗前,不禁思绪万千。我意识到, 生命中没有什么恒久不变的风景,只要你 的心永远朝着太阳,那么每一个清晨都会 想你展现一番美景,等你去欣赏——这个 世界总会带给你新的希望。
entertainment
• The slogan in KFC: we do chicken right! • How do you translate the slogan into Chinese? • 一个中学老师把KFC肯德基店里的广 告标语“We do chicken right!”发 给学生练习翻译
2)Interlingual translation (语际翻译) The translation among different languages. For example, translation from English to Chinese.
Scopes of translation
2. according to manners 1) interpretation (口译) It means oral translation. It includes two types: consecutive interpretation (连续传译;交传) & simultaneous interpretation (同声传译) 2) translation (笔译) It means translate languages by pen.
Scopes of translation
4. according to handling methods 1) absolute translation (全译) 2) sectional translation (节译) 3) selected translation (摘译) 4) intercompilation (编译) 5) free translation (译述)

2.翻译课的教学任务
翻译课的教学任务就是向学生传授翻译 基础理论、常用的翻译方法、技巧;并 通过大量翻译练习实践扎实语言基础, 其目的是提高学生运用语言的能力,培 养他们的实际翻译技能,使其能在一定 的时间内译出所规定的文字语码,达到 相应的翻译水平。
• 翻译证书:
• 1. 翻译专业资格(水平)考试 • • 2.上海翻译证书考试
Principles or Criteria of Translation
Principle原则:
• 严复:信,达,雅(faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance) • 鲁迅:易解、保持原作的风姿 • 林语堂:忠实、通顺、美 • 傅雷:神似说(spiritual conformity) • 钱钟书:化境说 (sublimed adaptation) • 许渊冲:三美说(意美、音美、形美) • 泰特勒Tytler :翻译三原则 • 费道罗夫等:等值论 (translation equivalence) • 奈达:读者反应论 (dynamic equivalence)
• 英国翻译教育家Peter Newmark:“It is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text. 翻译是按作者的创造意图把一篇文章的意思 用另一种语言描述出来的过程。” • 英国的J.Catford :“翻译是把一种语言的文字材 料替换为另一种语言的对等的文字材料。” • 《现代汉语词典》:“翻译是把一种语言文字的 意义用另一种语言文字表达出来。”
• 奈达有关翻译的定义指明,翻译不仅是词汇意义上 的对等,还包括语义、风格和文体的对等,翻译传 达的信息既有表层词汇信息,也有深层的文化信息。 “动态对等”中的对等包括四个方面: • 1. 词汇对等;2. 句法对等;3. 篇章对等;4.文体对 等。 • 在这四个方面中,奈达认为,“意义是最重要的, 形式其次”,形式很可能掩藏源语的文化意义,并阻 碍文化交流。因此,在文学翻译中,根据奈达的理 论,译者应以动态对等的四个方面,作为翻译的原 则,准确地在目的语中再现源语的文化内涵。 • 所谓“功能对等”,就是说翻译时不求文字表面的 死板对应,而要在两种语言间达成功能上的对等。
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