《综合英语四》模拟试卷二
大学英语四级模拟试卷二及参考答案
大学英语四级模拟试卷二及参考答案大学英语四级模拟试卷二及参考答案Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Should Smoking Be Completely Banned. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 有人赞同完全禁止吸烟，理由是……2. 有人不赞同完全禁止吸烟，理由是……3. 我的看法。
Should Smoking Be Completely BannedPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quicklyand answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked ［A］,［B］,［C］and ［D］. For questions 8-10,completethe sentences with the information given in the passage.Space Our Future in Space: It Has Already Begun!We are all space travelers. But we’ve stayed close to home until now. One day,we may leave our “mother ship”Earth to make our home among the stars.A giant, spherical “spaceship”,about 8,000 miles in diameter, is speedingthrough the solar system right now. It is cruising at an incredible 66,600 milesper hour.It’s not a giant, Star Wars mother ship. It’s spaceship Earth, the home ofover four billion people. This water coated spaceship has been traveling throughthe universe for about five billionyears. Only within the past 25 years, however,have some of its pa ssengers broken free of Earth’s gra vityBut 25 years from now, many people, including you, might live in an orbitingspace station 200 miles above the Earth.Space CitiesScientists have already designed special space factories. These factories will take advantage of the absence of gravity (zero gravity) to produce everything from life saving drugs to perfect ball bearings.Other scientists have designed space colonies, complete with farms, schools,and artificial day and night. Hundreds, or even thousands, of people will live, work,play—even go toschool, far above the Earth.Our conquest of space, of course, has already begun. We have explored part of the Moon, sent robot spaceships onto the surface of Venus and Mars, and aimed space probes past the planets of Jupiter and Saturn.Last June, one robot ship, Pioneer 10, left our solar system forever. Andastronauts from both the Soviet Union and the United States have lived in spacestations.The conquest of space, without question, is one of the greatest adventures human beings have ever set out on. But it may be more than a great adventure. Some scientists think the conquest of space may be a necessity for survival of the human species.We are tearing up more and more of the Earth to get raw materials for industry.And we are polluting the air and water as we manufacture products that we need or want. Almost everything that seems to make our lives more comfortable, and fromelectricity to pesticides, uses up or alters a piece of ourplanet’s natural environment.Why Go into Space?Yet our solar system is full of resources. The moon is chockfull of valuable metals. So are the asteroids, the small, rocky, planet like bodies orbiting the sun most of them between Mars and Jupiter. These metals, if we can get them, could be used to build factories and space stations.Also, in space, there is no atmosphere to filter out the sun’s energy. Th ere is plenty of solar energy to be turned into electricity for manufacturing, for creating comfortable living conditions.Getting away from Earth has other advantages, too. Modern industry uses manykinds of metal alloys (mixtures of metal that are better for certain purposes thanpure metals). Yet some metal alloys either can’t be made or are very expensive to make on Earth because of gravity. For instance, certa in metals don’t mix well onEarth. But in zero gravity, molten (hot, liquid) metals mix more evenly. This is because there is no gravity to pull the heavier metals down, while the lighter ones float on top.From space, too, we can look down on the Earth and study the atmosphere, its weather, and the effects of air pollution.And because there is no strong gravity to break free from, our future homes away from Earth will be convenient starting points for travel to distant planets.But, while going into space might solve some problems, outer space can also be a dangerous place. For example, in outer space, we have to protect ourselves from the dangers of ultraviolet light and cosmic rays. Ultraviolet light from the sun can give us bad sunburns right here on Earth. Yet, Earth’s atmosphere screens out most of that harmful radiation. Cosmic rays are tiny high energy particles from outer space. Again, theEarth shields us from most of them.At Home in Space?But in space, without special protection, we would be exposed to much stronger radiation from ultraviolet light and cosmic rays. Also, in the zero gravity of outer space, our bones will lose calcium and become weaker. This will be more of a problem the longer people stay out in space. Doctors are looking for a way to keep our bones from losing calcium in outer space. And a small spaceship just might “drive you batty” after a while. But even on a short trip in outer space, you might not feelas well as you’d like to. Space travel could make you seasick!Yet, these risks won’t keep people from going into space. Eventually, an Earth like environment will be built in space. And they will be populated by people with many different interests: medicine, construction, farming, teaching, mining, and so on.The next hundred years will be filled with other worldly adventures, exciting scientific discoveries, and danger, as humans leave Earth—perhaps forever.Aging in SpaceSuppose a space traveler is moving at a velocity of 186,200 miles per second.For every hour that passes for him, 30 hours pass on Earth. If he travels for a year in this fashion (having accelerated instantaneously) and then turns around and comes back at this speed (having turned around instantaneously), he will find that while he has seemed to himself to have traveled two years, the men on Earth would claim he had been absent for 30 years.Suppose the space traveler had left at the age of 30, leaving behind a twin brother also aged 30. When he returned he would be 32, but his stay at home twinbr other would be 60. That is why the “clock paradox”, is sometimes called the “twin paradox”.Of course it takes quite a long while to accelerate to a high speed, and a long while to make a turn and head back again, so conditions aren’t quite as clear cut a s just described.1.The giant, spherical spaceship mentioned in the passage is.［A］the outer space［B］a man made spaceship［C］the planet Earth［D］the Star Wars mothe ship2.Some persons have traveled into outer space after conquering within the past 25years.［A］the universe［B］Earth’s gravity［C］the earth［D］outer space3.We have explored or sent robot spaceships to the following space except.［A］the moon［B］Venus［C］Jupiter［D］Mars4.Why is the conquest of space more than a great adventure?［A］Because it is full of challenges for human beings.［B］Because it may be necessary for human beings to survive.［C］Because it is the greatest adventure in human history.［D］Because it is more exciting than any other adventures.5.The moon and the asteroids are alike with respect to their .［A］size and moving ways［B］comfortable living conditions［C］rich and valuable metals［D］solar energy6.Why can’t ultraviolet light scorch our skin on Earth as seriously as it does in space places?［A］Because the Earth’s atmosphere can make ultraviolet light less harmful.［B］Because ultraviolet can’t reach the Earth at all.［C］Because the Earth is far away from those planets radiating ultraviolet light.［D］Because other space places is near from those planets radiating ultravioletlight.7.In spite of many risks, scientists will finally build in space suitable for humans to live.［A］an environment without ultraviolet light［B］a lot of homes［C］an Earth like environment［D］an environment with atmosphere8.The reason some metal alloys can’t be made on Earth is that the heavier metals together with the lighter ones.9.In space, there is no atmosphere to filter out the sun’s energy. There is plenty of solar energy to be turned into, for creating comfortable living conditions.10.According to the author, will be caused to a man in gravity free space.Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be askedabout what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］, and decide which is the bestanswer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.［A］Tennis equipment.［B］Volleyball equipment.［C］Football equipment.［D］Basketball equipment.12.［A］He must meet his teacher.［B］He must attend a class.［C］He must go out with his girlfriend.［D］He must stay at school to finish his homework.13.［A］It’s not as good as it was.［B］It’s better than it used to be. ［C］It’s better than people say.［D］It’s even worse than people say.14.［A］Because he doesn’t like football.［B］Because Maria fell ill.［C］Because he didn’t have the time.［D］Because Maria can’t stand football.15.［A］A temporary job.［B］A permanent job.［C］Some money for the vacation.［D］Some money for the university fees.16.［A］The woman did most of the talking.［B］The man did most of the talking.［C］The woman was wearing a black sweater.［D］The man and the woman had dark hair.17.［A］A sunny day. ［B］A raincoat.［C］An attractive hut. ［D］A lovely hat.18.［A］Librarian and student. ［B］Operator and caller.［C］Boss and secretary.［D］Customer and repairman.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.［A］The benefits of strong business competition.［B］A proposal to lower the cost of production.［C］Complaints about the expense of modernization.［D］Suggestions concerning new business strategies.20.［A］It costs much more than its worth.［B］It should be brought up to date.［C］It calls for immediate repairs.［D］It can still be used for a long time.21.［A］The personnel manager should be fired for inefficiency.［B］A few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory. ［C］The entire staff should be retrained.［D］Better educated employees should be promoted.22.［A］Their competitors have long been advertising on TV.［B］TV commercials are less expensive.［C］Advertising in newspapers alone is not sufficient.［D］TV commercials attract more investments.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.［A］Searching for reference material.［B］Watching a film of the 1930s’.［C］Writing a course book.［D］Looking for a job in a movie studio.24.［A］It’s too broad to cope with. ［B］It’s a bit outdated.［C］It’s controversial.［D］It’s of little practical value.25.［A］At the end of the online catalogue.［B］At the Reference Desk.［C］In the New York Times.［D］In the Reader’s Guide to Periodical Literature.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.［A］The liberation movement of British women.［B］Rapid economic development in Britain.［C］Changing attitudes to family life.［D］Reasons for changes in family life in Britain.27.［A］Because millions of men died in the war.［B］Because women had proved their worth.［C］Because women were more skillful than men.［D］Because factories preferred to employ women.28.［A］The concept of “the family”as a social unit.［B］The attitudes to birth control.［C］The attitudes to religion.［D］The ideas of authority and tradition.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.［A］Synthetic fuel. ［B］Solar energy.［C］Alcohol.［D］Electricity.30.［A］Air traffic conditions. ［B］Traffic jams on highways.［C］Road conditions.［D］New traffic rules.31.［A］Go through a health check. ［B］Take little luggage with them. ［C］Arrive early for boarding. ［D］Undergo security checks.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.［A］Washing plates. ［B］Clearing tables.［C］Shining shoes. ［D］Sweeping the floor.33.［A］He must work six days a week.［B］He should never be late for work.［C］He must study hard in his spare time.［D］He should not bring his friends to the restaurant.34.［A］To pay him for his work.［B］T o let him have 3 meals a day in the restaurant.［C］To give his friends free drinks.［D］T o allow him to have more free time.35.［A］Because the boy was not a full time worker.［B］Because the boy had made some mistakes.［C］Because he thought the boy had failed to meet his requirements.［D］Because he thought it was his son who should pay him.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. Whenthe passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in you own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you shouldcheck what you have written. Americans are proud of the (36) achievements made in this country. Medical scientists have foundcures and (37) for such diseases as polio and tuberculosis.They have learned a great deal about (38) and heart disease. Many lives have been saved. American hospitals are the most modern and best (39) medical facilities in the world. But this degree of excellence has been expensive.Medical costs in the United States are very high. There is a (40) health plan forAmericans. But there are many programs (41) for this purpose. Many people havehealth plans at the companies where they work. Under these plans, the company paysa fixed (42) of money regularly into a fund. Then when the(43) needs medical help,he can use money from the fund to pay for it.Other people have health insurance. (44) .In some medical plans, the insurancecompany is also the medical institution. (45) .Then when they need medical treatment,they go to the hospital without paying more money.(46) . These programs make medical care available to those without their own healthinsurance.Part ⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark thecorresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.There’s no question that the Earth is getting hotter. The real questions are: How much of the warming is our fault, and are we 47 to slow the devastation by controlling our insatiable 48 for fossil fuels?Global warming can seem too 49 to worry about, or too uncertain something projectedby the same c omputer 50 that often can’t get next week’s weather right. On a raw winter day you might think that a few degrees of warming wouldn’t be such a bad thing anyway. And no doubt about it: Warnings about 51change can sound like an environmentalist scare tactic, meant to force us out of our cars and restrict our lifestyles.Comforting thoughts, perhaps. Unfortunately, however, the Earth has some discomforting news. From Alaska to the snowy peaks of the Andes the world is heatingup right now, and fast. Globally, the 52is up 1°F over the past century, but someof the coldest, most remote spots have warmed much more. The results aren’t pretty.Ice is 53, rivers are running dry, and coasts are 54, threatening communities.The 55are happening largely out of sight. But they shouldn’t be out of mind, becausethey are omens of what’s in store for the 56 of the planet.［A］remote［B］techniques［C］consisting［D］rest［E］willing［F］climate［G］skill［H］appetite［I］melting［J］vanishing［K］eroding［L］temperature［M］curiosity［N］changes ［O］skillfulSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.There are many ways of defining success. It is accurate to say that each of us has our own concept of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining whether we have met these goals satisfactorily. Because each of us possesses unique differences in genetic ability and favorable environments in which to express these abilities, it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly.For some people, simply being able to live their life with a minimum of misery and suffering is considered a success. Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep, enjoys his frugal life with his family in the beauty of nature,and who is respected because he does a good job of achieving the goals expected of and accepted by him and his society. On the other hand, it seems that even though some people appear to be rich in material possessions, many of them seem to be miserable and consider themselves unsuccessful when judged by their own goals osuccess. Because not all ventures can be successful, oneshould not set unrealistic goals for achieving success, but if one has self confidence it would be unfortunateto set one’s goals at too low a level of achievement.A wise counseloronce said to a young man who was experiencing frustration with his own professional success: “You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon inorder to have success in traveling. Sometimes one can be very successful merely by taking a walk in the park, or riding the subway downtown,” The counselor added,“You have not really failed and spoiled your chances for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like, and to which you have given yourbest effort.”57.In the first paragraph, the author implies that are essential in achievingsuccess.［A］ability and goals ［B］goals and determination［C］ability and environment ［D］goals and environment58.The word “frugal”(Line 2, Para. 2) means.［A］wealthy ［B］wasteful［C］thrifty ［D］miserable59.Some rich people consider themselves unsuccessful because.［A］their life is miserable ［B］they do not live in peace［C］their goals are too low ［D］they are not rich enough by their own standards60.The last paragraph implies that.［A］we should have high goals［B］success means achieving great goals［C］success means taking a walk in the park［D］success means trying one’s best at what one reallylikes61.This passage mainly talks about.［A］the definition of success ［B］how to achieve success ［C］how to set goals ［D］the importance of goalsPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Teaching children to read well from the start is the most important task of elementary schools. But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a greatmistake. Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have been proven ineffective. The staying power of the “look say”or “whole word”method ofteaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively.The whole word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaningof letters, thinking over decoding, developing a sight vocabulary of familiar wordsover developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words. It fits in with the self directed, “learning how to learn”activities recommended by advocates (倡导者)of “open”classrooms and with the concept that children have to be developmentally ready to begin reading. Before 1963, no major publisher put out anything but these “Run Spot Run”readers.However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate”in beginning reading. In his best seller Why Johnny Can’t Read, Flesch indicted(控诉)the nation’s public schools for miseducating students by using the look say method. He said—and more scholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed —that another approach to beginning reading, founded on phonics(语音学),isfar superior.Systematic phonics first teaches children to associate letters and letter combinations with sounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds together to make words. Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned. Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step.62.The author feels that counting on educators to teach reading correctly is . ［A］only logical and natural［B］the expected position［C］probably a mistake ［D］merely effective instruction63.The author indicts the look say reading approach because .［A］it overlooks decoding［B］Rudolf Flesch agrees with him［C］he says it is boring ［D］many schools continue to use this method64.One major difference between the look say method of learning reading and the phonics method is .［A］look say is simpler［B］phonics takes longer to learn ［C］look say is easier to teach ［D］phonics gives readers access to far more words65.The phrase “touch off” (Line 1, Para.3) most probably means .［A］talk about shortly ［B］start or cause［C］compare with ［D］oppose66.According to the author, which of the followingstatements is true?［A］Phonics approach regards whole word method as unimportant.［B］The whole word approach emphasizes decoding.［C］In phonics approach, it is necessary and logical to employ decoding.［D］Phonics is superior because it stresses the meaning of words thus the vastmajority of most common words can be learned.Part ⅤCloze(15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Methods of studying vary; what works 67 for some students doesn’t work at all for others. The only thing you can do is experiment 68 you find a system that does work for you. But two things are sure: 69 else can do your studying for you, and unless you do find a system that works, you won’t get through college. Meantime, there are a few rules that 70for everybody. The hint is “don’t get 71 ”.The proble m of studying, 72 enough to start with, becomes almost 73 when you are trying to do three 74 in one weekend. 75 the fastest readers have trouble 76that. And if you are behind in written work that must be 77, the teacher who accepts it 78 late will probably not give you good credit. Perhaps he may not accept it 79. Getting behindin one class because you are spending so much time on another is really no 80. Feeling pretty virtuous about the seven hours you spend on chemistry won’t 81one bit if the history teacher pops a quiz. And manyfreshmen do get into trouble by spending too much time on one class at the 82 of the others, either because they like one class much better or because they find it so much harder that they think, they should83all their time to it. 84 the reason, going the whole work for one class and neglecting the rest of them is a mistake, if you face this 85, begin with the shortest and easiest 86. Get them out of the way and then go to the more difficult, time consuming work.67.［A］good［B］easily［C］sufficiently［D］well68.［A］until［B］after［C］while［D］so69.［A］somebody［B］nobody［C］everybody［D］anybody70.［A］follow［B］go［C］operate［D］work71.［A］behind［B］after［C］slow［D］later72.［A］hardly［B］unpleasant［C］hard［D］heavy73.［A］improbable［B］necessary［C］impossible［D］inevitable74.［A］week’s work［B］weeks’works ［C］weeks’work［D］week’s works 75.［A］Even［B］Almost ［C］If［D］With76.［A］to do［B］doing［C］at doing［D］with doing77.［A］turned in［B］tuned up［C］turned out［D］given in78.［A］very［B］quite［C］such［D］too79.［A］anyway［B］either［C］at all［D］that80.［A］solution［B］method［C］answer［D］excuse81.［A］help［B］encourage［C］assist［D］improve82.［A］expense［B］pay［C］debt［D］charge83.［A］devote［B］put［C］spend［D］take84.［A］Whichever［B］Whatever［C］However［D］Wherever85.［A］attraction［B］decision［C］temptation［D］dilemma86.［A］arrangements［B］way［C］assignments［D］classPart ⅥTranslation(5 minutes)Direction: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87.Not only (他向我收费太高)，but he didn’t do a good repair job either.88.The murderer (混在人群当中)with an attempt to shoot at the Prime Ministerwhenever he seized a chance.89.The emergence of e commerce and the fast growing Internet economy are (为中国的国内外贸易提供了新的增长机遇).90.That Canadian speaks Chinese (和他说英语一样流利).91.Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was (忙着准备) herexamination.Key to Model Test TwoPart I Writing【写作思路】本文要求写一篇针对吸烟问题的议论文。
大学英语综合教程4unit2passageB作文答案（新）
⼤学英语综合教程4unit2passageB作⽂答案（新）Unit1Men Are Different from Women in Many WaysTraditionally, men and women were seen as opposite poles of a magnet. Men were strong, women were weak; men were the breadwinners, women were the homemakers; men were rational, women were emotional. In accordance with these beliefs, the men filled the leadership positions in society, as well as the majority of positions that required courage, clear-thinking and intellect. Women took on the nurturing, caring or supportive jobs such as nurse, teacher, assistant. However, modern society has greatly challenged these perceived differences between men and womenThese days gender roles are becoming less clear. Women are moving into the male-dominated occupations and proving that they can be equally successful in these fields. Moreover, some men are taking on the homemaker role and finding that it suits them. In some cultures, for example the Naxi culture of southwestern China, the women have always been the head of the household and responsible for both work and finance.So, are men and women really all that different? From the changing perspectives towards this question, it would seem that socialization plays a large role in defining masculinity and femininity in any given time period and in any given culture. In other words, perhaps men and women are not that different after all. Unit2Culture plays an important role in business. In different cultures there are different ideas about when meetings should be scheduled, how much notice should be given, Where people should be seated and how the negotiations should be proceed. During the negotiations there are also vast cultural differences in what is considered appropriate language, communication style and body language. For example, some culture value eye contact, others do not. Some cultures use 'yes' as an acknowledgement of what the person has said, other use 'yes' only for agreement.Social conventions of greeting, dressing, eating and entertaining also vary considerably amongst cultures and these are important to learn since a lot of business takes place while having dinner or enjoyingdrinks together.If a businessman attempts a cross-cultural business partnership without an adequate awareness of his associate's culture, he is likely to encounter misunderstanding and may even cause offence. This will damage and may even end the business relationship. Therefore, cultural differences must be carefully handled when doing business with people from different countries.Unit3Fighting Against PiracyNowadays the problem of piracy has become increasingly serious. Not only is there a serious lack of knowledge amongst the general public about piracy issues, but there is also an attitude of indifference.These days piracy is strongly evident in the commercial world in the wide availability of illegal VCDs and DVDs , the inclusion of Copyrighted pictures, web graphics, video clips and magazine portions in business presentations and the photocopying of books and articles for distribution without the author's permission.The negative consequences of piracy are two-fold. Firstly, the Copyright owners are likely to suffer significant financial losses. Secondly, the Copyright owner loses recognition, if the source of the material is unacknowledged.Therefore it is important for all citizens to become educated about piracy issues, to follow copyright laws in their own lives, and to encourage their colleagues and friends to do the same.Unit4The Importance of Learning Spoken EnglishIn today's modern world, learning spoken English has many advantages. English is fast becoming the international language of many fields, including politics, business and education. Not only is English used between native speakers and non-native speakers, but it is also used increasingly as a common language in interactions between non-native speakers.Having a good grasp of spoken English helps you to improve your chances of employment. These days, there are many foreign companies operating from China, and many Chinese-owned companies have trade links withforeign partners. These companies require speakers of English with sufficient language skills to ensure smooth business transactions.Spoken English also provides the chances for you to communicate socially with people from many other countries. It gives you a window into other cultures, and other perspectives of the world. It also gives you access to foreign films, TV programs, music and news.Therefore, spoken English is an important and fundamental tool in today's global village.Unit5Business EthicsCreating and sustaining an ethical corporation isn't as difficult as you might think; it's actually easier than some of the day-to-day business challenges you face. The keys to running an ethical company are accountability, honesty, and information transparency.Corporations aren't ethical or evil in and of themselves--but people can be. So ethics must focus on you and the people you work with. Most people want to do the right thing, but organizational structure doesnot guarantee they will do the right thing, without meaning to or even knowing it. Structuring an ethical corporation makes the goal easier to achieve.The challenge could not be more urgent. A substantial majority of people in China are dissatisfied with the social behavior of our corporations, say several recent news reports. Poor treatment of workers at home and abroad, products that don't perform as advertised, fake commodities, poor customer service, environmental pollution, to mention a few.Responsible behavior is important to your business success, but let's not forget that you're in business--you're not out to solve the world's problems. So how do you balance the two? What does it mean to be ethical in business?It simply requires that you follow your best moral instincts, even in areas that don't appear to involve moral issues, such as cost-benefit analyses. But while good ethics often equates to good business, sometimes it doesn't. Sometimes being truly ethical means giving up something you want in exchange for doing the rightthing. That's why we worry about ethics in the first place--if it didn't cost us anything, everyone would be ethical all the time. Unit6SPORTS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH.Sports do much good to our health. Especially they can be of great value to our psychological health. People who are involved in athletics feel more self-sufficient and confident in their abilities. They feel they are in control of their own actions. Sports offer people an opportunity to experience If each of them learns to work for his team and not for himself on the football field, he will find it natural to work for the good of his country instead of only for his own benefit.Unit7Life after RetirementThe moment of retirement will mean the beginning of a new life for Old Jack. From the age of 16 to 60, he kept working very hard. Work and study, family and society were what he focused on. Now, in retirement, he wants to have a life of his own. The first thing hewants to do is to travel around the world, to visit the African wildlife, to appreciate the glorious Western and Oriental culture and to go to every corner of the world he has ever dreamed of. Then, he will find a beautiful quiet place, and write. He will write about his own world. Maybe, he will not publish it, and he will simply write for fun. Of course, family life will remain important for him. Every week, when his family gathers together, they will share their happiness and solve their problems together. Life after retirement means much more time for him, and he will enjoy every minute of it.Unit8On GlobalizationIn the process of globalization, many foreign things have entered into our lives and have changed our lives. This has made the world become smaller and smaller. For example, we can watch foreign movies, enjoy foreign food, wear fashionable foreign clothes, and even use high-tech products imported from advanced countries. Some people even celebrate the foreign festivals and adopt foreign lifestyle or foreign ideasin order to be a global citizen. Whenever you go, you may find things that are familiar to you in your hometown or homeland. Many parts of the world are watching the same film, and the same song is popular at the same time all over the world. Even the style of architecture has become identical, especially in cosmopolitan cites, you may find some similar features in their city buildings.There are different ideas about globalization. Those who are in favor of globalization take a positive and optimistic attitude towards it. What they value most is the good effects of the globalization and the various benefits it brings about. However, there are also some people who strongly dislike the idea and the practice of globalization. They place more emphasis on the bad or evil effects of globalization.In my opinion, every coin has two sides. We should take a realistic attitude towards globalization. On the one hand, globalization of the economy and to some extent, the globalization of culture may bring some advantages. It may promote the development of less developed areas, improve some people's living standardand enrich their local culture, and also give people more chances to know about others which are quite different from their own. On the other hand, globalization may bring about some disadvantages or negative effects. For example, the world will lose its cultural diversity because of the invasion and prevailing of one culture, and some cultures will lose its cultural identities and peculiar characteristics. Thus, it's appropriate for us to take a balanced attitude towards globalization.。
综合英语4试卷2
综合英语4试卷2综合英语4试卷2I．Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Example: The homeless couple____ at last in finding aflat to rent.A.ManagedB. didC. finishedD. succeeded1.It was difficult to guess what her _____ to the news would be.A.ImpressionB. reactionC. commentD. opinion2.If it____ to be technically sound, the laser might prove to be amajor breakthrough in the telephone communications.A.turns outB. turns forC. turns upD. turns over3.The little boy was____ for getting his shoes and socks wet.A.chargedB. finedC. accusedD. scolded4.I’m sorry, what you ordered is_____ stock now.A.InB. onC. out ofD. from5.Circumstances forced us finally to _____ this policy.A.AdmitB. adoptC. adjustD. adapt6.It’s already 5 o’clock now. Don’t you think it’s about time_____?A.We are going homeB. if she heaves homeC. we went homeD. if she had left home7. He believes that she____ as she wasn’t in the house at thetime.A. couldn’t have stolen itB. must have stolen itC. mustn’t have stolen itD. couldn’t steel it8. She wore clothes_____.A. that was better than the other girlsB. that was better than that of the other girlsC. that were better than that of the other girlsD. that were better than those of the other girls10.______ her age, she really had done a good job in such ashort time.A. GivingB. GivesC. Been givenD. GivenII. Directions: for each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one.Are you aware that you actually possess six senses? The sixth is a muscular sense responsible for __11____your muscles intelligently to the exact extent necessary for each action you perform. For example, when you reach __12___an object, the sensory nerves linking the muscles to the brain stop your hand at the correct______13_. This automatic perception of the position of your muscles in relation to the object is your muscular sense____14_ action.Muscles are bundles of fibers varying from one five-thousandth of an inch to about three inches. They have three 15 characteristics, they can become shorter and thicker; they can stretch; and they can retract to their original positions. 16 a high-powered microscope, muscle tissue is seen as long, slender cells with a grainy texture like wood. More than half of a person's body is17 muscle fibers, most of which are involuntary-in other words, work without 18 1direction. The voluntary muscles, those that we move consciously to perform particular actions, number more than five hundred. Women have 19 60 to 70 percent as much muscle as men for their body mass. That is why an average woman 20 lift as much, throw as far, or hit as hard as an average man.11. A. influencing B. aiming C. directing D. showing12. A. toward B. to C. over D. for13. A. area B. mark C. spot D. dot14. A. on B. for C. at D. in15. A. mere B. only C. unique D. usual16. A. On B.Under C.At D. In17. A. composed of B. included inC. consisted ofD. made us18. A. conscious B. noticeable C. aware D. market19. A. only B. fairly C. barely D. really20. A. shouldn’t B. can’t C. won’t D. mustn’tIII. Directions: each of the passages below id followed by some questions marked A, B,C, and D. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Questions 21-25 are based on the following passage.The large river best known to the ancient Greeks was th e Nile of Egypt.They spoke of the river with admiration and c alled Egypt "the gift of the Nile".The reason for this was,first,t hat the Nile brought water to a rainless desert and,second,tha t once a year,theriver overflowed itsbanksleaving,as the water back,a new layer offertile soil.The flood waters carry in them soil (called silt) from the upper parts of the river valley to shr lower parts, and so to the sea. But as the river meets the sea, the sea acts as a barrier and forces the river to drop the silt it is carrying. There are no tide in the Mediterranean to carry the silt awa y, so year after year it collects at the mouth of the Nile, and the river must find its way around islands of the alwaysmore distant Mediterranean.In this way, a vastArea of fertile soil has been built up at the mouth of the Nil e and out into the sea. The river water splits up to form sm allbranches winding across the area. To the ancient Greeks, t he mouth of the Nile looked like the drawing.Now we something name things after the letters of the alphabet they resemble(想，类似)：a U-turn, an I-beam, a T- square, an S-bead, and so on. The Greeks did the same. The triangular area of land built up at the mouth of the Nile looked like the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet Delta and so this was the name they gave it. The word is now used for all areas of land formed at the mouth of rivers which flow into tideless seas, even when they are not triangular in shape. The Mississippi Delta, for example, is not shaped at all like the Greek delta, as you will see if you look at a map.21. Egypt was called______.A. the gift of the NileB. the gift of the desertC. the gift of the fertile soilD. the gift of the Greeks22.The silt left on the mouth of the sea was carried there from_____.A. the seaB. the barrierC. the upper parts of the riverD. the river23. Which of the following is true?A. The ancient Greek named the land at the mouth of the river after the fourth letter of their alphabet.B. Egyptians made this area rich.C. The Greek made this area rich.D. The Greeks gave this land to the Egyptian as a gift.24. The main idea of this passage is_________.A. why the Greek liked the Nile very muchB. how the Nile Delta formedC. the history of the NileD. the well-known Delta25. The most suitable title for this passage is____.A. “The Gift of the Nile”B. “ The Fertile Soil”C. “ The Nile River”D. “ The Delta”Questions 26-30 are based on the following passage.We buried Donald Brown last May. He was murdered by four men who wanted to rob the supermarket manager he was protecting. Partolman Brown was 61 years old. In just six months he and his wife had planned to retire to Florida. Now there will be no retirement in the sun, and she is alone.Donald Brown was the second police officer to die since I became Police Commissioner of Boston in 1972. The first was Detective John Schroeder, shot in a pawnshop(当铺) robbery in November 1970.John Schroeder was the brother of Walter Schroeder, who was killed in a bank robbery in 1970. Their names are together on the honor roll in Police Headquarters.At least two of these police officers were shot by a handgun, the kind almost anyone can buy nearly everywhere for a few dollars. Ownership of handguns has become so widespread that this weapon is no longer merely the instrument of crime; it is now a cause of violent crime. Of the 11 Boston police officers killed since 1962, seven were killed with handguns; of the 18 wounded by guns since 1962, 17 were shot with handguns.Gun advocates are fond of saying that guns don't kill, peopledo. But guns do kill. Half of the people who commit suicide do so with handguns. Fifty-four percent of the murders committed in 1972 were committed with handguns.No one can convince me, after returning from patrolman Brown's funeral, that we should allow people to own handguns. I know that many Americans feel deeply and honestly that they have a right to own and enjoy guns. I am asking that they give them up. I am not asking for registration or licensing, or the outlawing of cheap guns. I am saying that no private citizen, whatever his claim, should possess a handgun. Only police officers should.26. The suggestion the author presents in the passage is that_____.[A] handguns are the cause of violent crime[B] handguns are a dangerous weapon[C] American people's right to own and enjoy guns should be respected[D] only police offocers should possess guns27. In paragraph 1,the tone of the author is _____.[A] calm[B] bitter[C] exciting[D] regretful28. When did the author become Police Commissioner of Boston?[A] In 1972[B] In November,1970[C] In 1962[D] Before 197029. According to the author,which is true of handguns?[A] They don't kill.[B] We should not allow people to own handguns.[C] Anyone can easily buy a handgun at a very high price.[D] Handguns can't be the cause of violent crime.30. The passage is mainly aimed to _____.[A] persuade the government[B] describe police officers' death[C] tell the robbers' means to kill policeman[D] explain means of people's possession of gunsIV .Direction：put each sentences into English or Chinese, using the word given in the bracket if any.31. Because they seemed less likely to feel personallyresponsible for being late, they also expressed less regret for their own lateness and blamed others less when they were late.32. Yet despite these changes, Graham always remained trueto a basic belief that dance expresses emotion we often try to hide and cannot express in words.33. Painful as it is to think about, murder has become a grimfact of modern society, and solving one involves more than the contributions of the police and witnesses.34. 今天，身受现代科学时代影响的人们算命更多地只是为了娱乐而已，不过过去可不是这样。
12月CET4模拟试卷及答案
12月CET4模拟试卷及答案12月CET4模拟试卷及答案篇1professor kumar bhatt, founder and head of warwick manufacturing group(wmg), and rob meakin, a personnel director at marconi, have developed a partnership to train engineers and managers to becomee-literate. the new knowledge partnership will include a team of 40 marconi managers in what professor bhatt calls electronic engineering management or e2. a wide range of engineering and non-engineering companies has expressed interest in these exciting programs.professor bhatt believes that e-commerce is changing the business environment to a huge extent. many chief executives do not understand the power of the new technologies and, in some cases, are actually resisting change. he says that “as long as enough industry leaders realize its potential benefits, e-businesswill make possible a second productivity revolution in britain. this could take the economy close to eliminating the still substantial competitiveness gap with its main rivals. over the last five years in the us there has been a 30% improvement in manufacturing sector productivity because of information technology. in britain we can achieve more than that and successful e-business will be worth billions to the uk economy.”already britain makes more use of computer-aided design and manufacture (cad/cam) and management information technology systems than other european countries, and has a government that actively promotes e-business. but, observes professor bhatt, britain has never used technology as a growth driver. “the thing about electronic engineering management is that you can keep your legacy systems; you just need tolink those systems with an information engine. at the touch of a buttonit will allow project managers to see the status of a project, identify problems precisely and make virtually immediate decisions based on information that will be much more complete than in the past.”the e2 program is the result of an alliance by the warwick manufacturing group with america’s leading e-commerce studycenter,carnegie mellon. the latter will be responsible for training many of the marconi managers in america, where the group has half its business. in britain, professor bhatt has linked up with sun microsystems, oracle and parametric technology, to set up amulti-million pound e2 design and manufacturing center at theuniversity which will be used for training and research.professor bhatt believes that e-commerce is changing business tosuch an extent that wmg is likely to be renamed warwick electronicmanufacturing group. but, he warns “the move to globalize because ofe-commerce is racing ahead. although the net allows british industryto overtake their european peers, it also offers asian countries toleapfrog(相互超越) the west. for the first time it is not the privilegeof the western world because this technology is universal.”a) they do not understand a possible second productivity revolution in britain.d) they sometimes are against the change resulted from new technologies.23.according to the passage, what do you know about e-business in britain?d) e-business has great potential and will make changes in the country.a) britain can be competitive to us in the area of information technology.b) britain has already taken the advantages of running engineering management.c) as with many other european countries, britain has made use of computer-aided systems.d) e-commerce has offered opportunities to european countries to eliminate the competitiveness gap with all the rivals.a)britain is going to catch up with all other european countries in the field of electronic engineering managementc)the e-commerce has offered asian countries the chance to overtake britain and the rest of europeemotional maturity means knowing that another person cannot fill up the hole in your heart. that is your responsibility. you need to love and affirm yourself day-by-day, moment-by-moment. that is the spiritual challenge of your life and everybody’s life. without your love for yourself, nothing works. no amount of love from your partner is enough. the search for love from other people is like the alcoholic’s search forhappiness in a bottle. the more he drinks, the less satisfied he feels and the more he wants to drink.we are all addicted to falling in love. but after we’ve “fallen” a few times and broken our emotional bones, we hopefully wise up a bit. we know that the high of falling in love is not going to last. we know that sooner or later we will have to get real with each other. that is the difference between romance and partnership. romance is an attempt tokeep the addiction going. it has a very short half-life. partnership is the dance of two ordinary people learning to live together day by day.it is a very challenging school that we enroll in. it is sometimes a lot more work than play. and it certainly requires a lot more psychological adjustment than years of therapy! we don’t just graduate from this school in a year or two. it takes many years, perhaps even a lifetime,for us to master the curriculum. your partners are imperfect human beings, just like you. they were not the “wrong” partners any morethan you were. probably, they reflected your own level of realism and emotional maturity. that’s usually the way it works. so don’t wasteyour time thinking you simply made some bad choices. the only bad choice you made was forgetting who has the full time job loving you. i knowthat you know who this is !we keep remembering that they are not perfect, nor we are. love isnot a game of perfection. it is a game of overwhelming imperfection.the amazing thing is that love survives all of our mistaken attempts to control our partners and our relationships.d) love lies in the maturity of emotion which is essential to a partnership or relationship27.which of the following statements is true according to the passage?b) as long as we are emotionally mature, we can always enjoy the high of falling in love.c) love doesn’t die even if we make wrong attempts to control our partners.a) the more we try to control our partners and relationships, the better we can enjoy loveb) the more frequently we fall in love, the more intelligent we’ll bec) the more emotionally mature a couple are, the more harmonious they will live29.by saying “they were not the ‘wrong’ partners any more than you were.”(para 3), the author means ___.b) in some partnership or relationship, he or she tries to control the other.c) through psychological adjustment and therapy, one will feel satisfied with love.d) partnership is a school from which it is not easy for us to graduate.in a growing number of conflicts around the world, one or both sides attempt to label the other as “terrorist” in an effort to win support for their own causes. yet as the so-called “terrorists group” often proclaim, a clear distinction between a terrorist action and a non-terrorist military operation is frequently difficult to establish. most governments argue that terrorism is defined by violent methods to achieve political ends which are undertaken by organizations not recognized bythe world community as legitimate representatives of a nation; furthermore, random acts of violence, like attacks on school buses or shopping centers, are labeled as “terrorist”. political organization as the ira(irishrepublican army) and the plo (palestine liberation organization) have been dubbed(称为) “terrorists”, by the governments of england and israel because of their tactics and their non-official statuses as representatives of accurately defined nations. in the case of the plo, however, its election to power under yasser arafat has now confused its former recognition as terrorist. even the ira is earning status as an authentic opposition voice to the continued presence of british troops on irish soil.all this simply highlights the problems of separating what is a legitimate political organization with “the right” to employ violence to achieve political ends from so-called terrorist groups. inseparable from this issue is historical precedence(地位先后) and the degree of power and prestige an organization or nation has on the world stage. for example, while most independent observes would agree that the ira setting off a bomb in a london subway station confirms its notoriety, they would be less certain that israel’s recent bombing of a refugee camp is equally “terrorist”, despite the fact that many more innocent people were killed and injured in the latter incident than in the former. this raises the question, though certainly not for the first time, whether legitimate, even democratically elected, governments are also capable of terrorist action. is there always a clear moral distinction between the behavior of normally respected nations and that of “rogue”(流氓) organizations? what does seem clear from these reflections is not that terrorist actions are in any way justified, but that the use of such labels is sometimes based on a political needrather than on superior moral or ethical grounds.a) non-official status of a political organization involves terrorist suspicion.it is curious how much one despises and condemns the vices which one does not happen to possess. i am indeed not a severe man, nor would i permit myself to become intolerant of those failings which i share with others. but, having no particular temptation to be untruthful, i find myself believing that when one comes to think of it, truth is the major virtue and lying the most blameworthy of all the vices.i should like, therefore, to get my mind a little clearer on the truth question. i flatter myself, as i have said, that i am a truthful man: a man who, when he tells a lie, is careful not to forget that he has done so, andwho takes infinite precautions to prevent his being found out. this, in the end, is the only test by which you can distinguish the liar from the man of truth. the latter which is bothered by untruthfulness, is worried and anxious. the real liar, however, is merely amused: he doesn’t mind in the least even if he is subsequently exposed: he regards the truthful man as somewhat of a fool.but this surely is one of the many false statements with which the real liar will try hard to idealize his failing. it may be inevitabe and even just to tell lies, but it cannot seriously be argued that such habits are intelligent. a lie is always an act of mental cowardice, whereas intelligence is brave. and yet there was bismarck, and yet there was napoleon-surely intelligent man, and surely liars. the problem, therefore, is not so simple as it seems. it was simple enough, in those old days, to define with approximate accuracy when a given statement ceased to be the truth and became a lie. the essential test was whether the maker of a false statement knew that he was saying something false, and consciously wished his audience to accept, and to remain under, this false impression. life in civilized communities is a process of adjusting the personal to the social, of conforming the individual impression to the joint impressions of the common people. this process of adjustment leads inevitably and rightly to a certain unconscious deception. absolute truth, whether unconscious or even conscious, is thus impossible. it is to relative truth only that we can hope to aspire.a) a person shows strong disapproval of the vices an individual doesn’t havec) one may be tempted to untruthfulness when one comes to think of itd) untruthfulness is a serious fault of character which he condemns strongly38.the essential distinction between a truthful person and a liar lies in the fact that ___.b) the latter takes great care to hinder his untruths from being exposedc) the former is willing to confess his untruthfulness when he tells a liec) argue that their habits of telling lies are intelligent rather than foolishb) in modern society, nobody can escape the risk of making a false statement, intentionally or unintentionallydirections:there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. for each sentence there are four choices marked a), b), c) and d). choose the one that best completes the sentence. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.41.a great deal of ___ for our success should go to michael lee, head of our team.42.they question whether a fair way can be ___ to tell which employees really perform better than their fellow employees.43.the report indicates that it is financially ___ to build a water power station in the area.44.somehow she felt that she herself had to some extent been the cause of all the trouble,and suffered___.45.the gas company ___ a leak in the main line and evacuated all the tenants of the building.46.at the 27th olympic games she ___ two gold and one silver medals in the track and field events.47.more than 790,000 youths were reported to have____the national master’s entrance examination last year.48.as a general rule, people with a great deal of ___ often have admiring friends and bitter enemies.49.after she gave birth to a child, she was ___ to go back to work in order to make the ends meet.50.that football club tried to ___ the famous player with offers of a tremendous sum of money.51.many animal can ___ with their surroundings because of their protective coloring.52.the strange phenomenon has ___ and puzzled many scientists for more a century.53.as we all know, the same gestures may have different ___ which vary from one culture to another.54.with the advent of pc and home-information systems, we’ll one day be able to ___ most business dealings from home.55.it was an awful accident. i wonder how you managed to ___ without a scratch.56.this difficult problem we face in the project has to be tackled before we can ___ to others.57.while most scientists agree that the greenhouse effect is coming, there are not enough data yet to say with absolute ___ what its consequences will be.58.it is a___that in such a rich and prosperous country there should be so many poverty-stricken people.59.it’s a well-known fact that truth will in the end ___ over falsehood, and right over wrong.60.we can’t choose whether we will pay income tax or not, for payment of income tax is ___.61.it’s generally agreed that fluctuations in birth rate are ___ to a number of economic factors.62.it’s always better to ___ a problem before it arises than to search for a solution to it afterwards.63.it takes tremendous courage to ___ a belief that is not shared by many others.64.as a good employer, he knows how to make full use of the ___ of his employees’ talents and abilities.65.over the years jazz has changed and developed but it has essentially ___ its fundamental characteristics.66.economics is a subject that ___ all people’s lives whether they are conscious of it or not.67.when one gets a good ___ into a problem, he will usually find a way to approach it or solve it.68.she cares much about other people’s opinions about her and is particularly ___ to personal criticisms.69.my secretary has typed out the first___of the report,but i must revise it before i submit to the conference.70.they reported the loss in the financial fraud and gave all the necessary ___ to the police.directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic economic development and moral decline. you should write at least 150 words and you should base your compositiononthe outline (given in chinese) below:这是一篇议论文。
新世纪大学英语综合教程4(第二版)-习题答案-U2
Unit TwoMan and TechnologyEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆ Working with Words and Expressions1.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentenceswith them. Change the form where necessary.▆ Answers:1)productivity2)phenomenon3)isolation4)gradual5)opponent6)advent7)genetic8)universal9)extreme10)nasty11)boom12)formal13)survey14)Similarly15)modify16)rough2. In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand theirmeanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆ Answers:1)at the same time2)are stuck with3)for certain4)make no difference5)on average6)when it comes to7)are better off8)built into9)come to mind10)close to11)i n favor of▆Increasing Your Word Power1.You will read six pairs of words which are similar in meaning but are different in usage. Reflect on thedifferences in usage between the words in each group and fill in each blank with a proper one. Change the form if necessary.▆ Answers:1)exterior2)external3)delightful4)pleasant5)separate6)isolate7)company8)companion9)acquire10)learn11)ripe12)mature2. Fill in each blank with one of the words listed below in the appropriate form, paying special attentionto the meaning and spelling.▆ Answers:1)accept2)oppression3)loss4)excerpts5)depression6)loose7)except8)expectations9)lose10)suppress3.Words that come from the same root may be said to belong to the same family. Getting acquainted witheach member of the family is a sure way to increase your word power. Now complete the following table with words of the same family. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1)technology2)eternity3)miracle4)relevance5)analysis6)luxurious7)leisurely / leisured8)subjective9)prosperous10)i nnovativeGRAMMAR IN CONTEXTTask 1: Complete the following sentences with appropriate connectives listed in the following table.▆ Answers:1)Whatever2)Although / Though3)whereas4)However5)though / although6)Granted / Granting that7)as8)WhileTask 2: Translate the following sentences into English.▆ Answers for reference:1)Though it was raining hard, yet they went on playing football.2)You will have to attend the commencement whether you are free or busy.3)She leaves her bedroom windows open, however cold it is.4)We will make a trip even if / though the weather is bad.5)No matter who / Whoever you are, you must abide by the law.6)Difficult as the job was, they decided to accept it.7)No matter what I say or how I say it, he always thinks I’m wrong.8)She seems to have a ready answer, whenever / no matter when I ask her a question.ClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.▆ Answers:1)emphasize2)opposite3)improved4)luxuries5)benefited6)obviously7)consciously8)fractures9)eternal10)groundbreaking11)entitled12)correlation13)depends14)exclusivelyTranslation1.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.▆ Answers for reference:1)He really knows a lot about theory, but when it comes to actual work, he seems to be quite ignorant.2)The latest survey shows /showed that the majority of the citizens support / supported the government’s planto build a new library.3)The two countries could reach agreement successfully on scientific and technological cooperation becauseseveral factors favorable to their cooperation had been at work.4)I saw the film when I was in the primary school, but the title just won’t come to mind for the moment.5)He has been stuck with heavy debt though he works about twelve hours every day on average.6)Is it necessary to know his height? To me, it is not relevant to whether he can be a good lawyer or not.7)The cupboard is built into the wall so that it both saves space and is convenient to use.8)These workers earn more than we do, but the other side of the coin is that their job is more dangerous.9)Helen majors in economics at the university and at the same time she studies philosophy as her second major.10)What is most important is that you must find out and solve the problems by yourselves. It makes nodifference whether I go there or not.2.Translate the following passage into English.▆ Answers for reference:Nowadays, many people are enjoying the benefits brought about by material and technological advances unimaginable in previous eras. With the development of science and technology, people’s standard of living is getting higher and higher. People’s life expectancy has soared, too.However, oddly enough, many people do not feel happier than they used to be. It can be seen that there is no close correlation between people’s income and their happiness. Happiness cannot, after all, be bought with money.Although the majority of people are not very satisfied with their lives, they are happy to be alive, and the more time they live on earth, the better off they feel they’ll be. What is important is that material wealth is far from enough. People need spiritual happiness, too.Theme-Related WritingWrite an essay of no less than 150 words about a technological invention. Y our writing should cover the following points:1) a brief description of the invention2) the positive impact of the invention on people’s life3) the negative impact of the invention on people’s life4) your opinion▇Sample essay:The Impact of the Mobile Phone on People’s LivesAmong the many technological inventions, the mobile phone impresses me most.The mobile phone brings considerable convenience to our lives. It not only enables us to keep in touch with each other almost anytime and anywhere but also helps us solve problems or do business efficiently. In emergencies, a mobile phone can even be a life-saver. Besides, its multi-functions add ease and color to our lives. With a mobile phone, we can receive mail, read news, listen to music, play games, and take pictures.Yet, the mobile phone has its disadvantages, too. Most of us have experienced the nuisance of unwanted or wrong calls. We are inconvenienced by calls on occasions when we least expect one. Besides, the technology infrastructure to support mobile communication has consumed valuable natural resources and caused significant environmental problems. It is reported that electromagnetic radiation waves from the phone may result in health problems.Despite its negative side, the advantages of the mobile phone outweigh its disadvantages. I believe that with advances in science and technology, improved and safer models of mobile phones will surely serve us still better. (184 words)。
大学英语第四册模拟题及答案
1. Urban crowdedness would be greatly relieved if only the _____ charged on public transport were more reasonable. （1分）A.feesB.paymentsC.faresD.costs ★标准答案：B2. ______ much is known about what occurs during sleep, the precise function of sleep and its different stages remains largely in the realm of assumption. （1分）A.BecauseB.ForC.SinceD.While ★标准答案：D3. The university has launched a research center to develop new ways of _____ bacteria which have become resistant to drug treatments. （1分）A.regulatingB.haltingC.interruptingbating ★标准答案：D4. The music ________ suddenly when she turned off the radio. （1分） A.had ceasedB.was ceasingC.ceasesD.ceased ★标准答案：D5. Her boss __________ her to finish the report by Friday. （1分） A.made B.forcedC.stressedD.pressured ★标准答案：D6. Investigators agreed that passengers on the airliner ______ at the very moment of the crash.A.should have diedB.must be dyingC.must have diedD.ought to die ★标准答案：C7. In the course of a day students do far more than just ____ classes. （1分） A.attendB.attendedC.to attendD.attending ★标准答案：A8. We see each other at regular _________ ---usually once a week. （1分） A.interpreterB.intervalsC.interviewsD.intension ★标准答案：B9. The first artificial intelligence conference in 1956 inspired researchers to undertake projects that ________ human behavior in areas of reasoning, language comprehension, and communications.A.emulatedB.evaluatedC.evacuatedD.effected ★标准答案：A10. They are _____________ to obtain the funds they need to carry out their ambitious plan. （1分）A.hard-earned B.easy-earned C.hard-pressed D.easy-pressed ★标准答案：C二. 阅读理解（共20题,共40分）1. Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Cognitive (认知学派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others.The latter view has gained many supporters, especially among educators. But the careful use of small monetary (金钱的) rewards sparks creativity in grade-school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements (刺激) indeed aid inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.“If kids know they’re working for a reward and can fo cus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity,” says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But it’s easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.”A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore failing grades.In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challengingproblems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims. （10分）(1) Psychologists are divided with regard to their attitudes toward ________. （2分） A.the choice between spiritual encouragement and monetary rewards B.the amount of monetary rewards for student’creativity C.the study of relationship between actions and their consequences D.the effects of external rewards on students’performance ★标准答案：D(2) What is the response of many educators to external rewards for their students? （2分）A.They have no doubts about them.B.They have doubts about them.C.They approve of them.D.They avoid talking about them. ★标准答案：B(3) Which of the following can best raise students’creativity according to Robert Eisenberger? （2分） A.Assigning them tasks they have not dealt with before. B.Assigning them tasks which require inventiveness. C.Giving them rewards they really deserve. D.Giving them rewards they anticipate. ★标准答案：C(4) It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying to tighten their grading standards because they believe ________. （2分）A.rewarding poor performance may kill the creativity of studentsB.punishment is more effective than rewardingC.failing uninspired students helps improve their overall academic standardsD.discouraging the students’ anticipation for easy rewards i s a matter of urgency ★标准答案：A(5) The phrase “token economies”(Line 1, Para. 5) probably refers to ________. （2分）A.ways to develop economyB.systems of rewarding studentsC.approaches to solving problemsD.methods of improving performance★标准答案：B2. Imagine a world 400 years ago where children were used as chimney sweeps. The pay was low, it was a dirty trade and there was little reward for the men who did the job and even less for children.Medway’s annual Sweeps Festival recreates the joy and laughter enjoyed by the chimney sweeps at their traditional holiday: the one time of the year the sweeps could leave the soot（烟灰）behind and have some fun. The sweeps’holiday was traditionally held on 1 May each year. Locally, they used to mark the occasion by staging a procession through the streets of Rochester.Their fun continued with the Jack-in-the-Green ceremony, a seven-foot character that they used to waken at dawn on Blue Bell Hill, Chatham. The Jack-in-the-Green would walk with the chimney sweeps in their parade. When the Climbing Boys’ Act 1868 made it illegal to employ young boys to carry out the trade, the traditional procession gradually began to fade. The final May celebration was held in the early 1900s.The modern day Rochester Sweeps Festival is a colorful mix of music, dancing and entertainment with more than 60 Morris sides and entertainers celebrating throughout the three-day festival. The festival was revived in 1981 by local businessman Gordon Newton, a keen historian. He decided it was time to bring it back and over the years he has helped develop the festival into what it is today — an excellent performance of traditional Britain.Gordon researched the Sweeps’tradition and organized a small parade, involving local Morris teams. In time, Medway Council took over organization of the festival but Gordon remainedactively involved. Today he is festival producer and plays melodeon（簧风琴）for several Morris teams. Doug Hudson is the festival’s music director, a role he has held for many years. Through Gordon’s vision and hard work, Doug’s musical ability and the council’s help, the Rochester Sweeps Festival has become the largest May Day celebration of its kind in the country. （10分）(1) According to the writer, chimney sweeps ____________. （2分） A.were highly respected B.were well rewarded C.led a hard life in the past D.worked in good conditions★标准答案：C(2) Medway’s Sweeps Festival ____________. （2分） A.has been organized by the Jack-in-the-Green B.dated back to the May celebration in the early 1900s C.is held to honor those chimney sweeps every other year D.has become a time for chimney sweeps to enjoy themselves★标准答案：D(3) The underlined word “revive”in the 4th paragraph most probably means ___________. （2分）A.realizeB.reviewC.recreateD.recognize★标准答案：C(4) It can be inferred from the passage that ____________. （2分） A.the festival has never been supported by the local government B.The festival is a good way to see British folk customs in action C.youngsters has been forbidden to be chimney sweeps since 1981 D.the modern festival lasts five days celebrating the coming of spring★标准答案：B(5) What is the passage mainly concerned about? （2分） A.Sweeps Festival historyB.Medway’s traditional holidaysC.Climbing Boys’Act 1868D.a procession in Rochester★标准答案：A3. Have you ever heard the story of the four-minute mile? Many years ago, people believed that it was impossible for a human being to run a mile in less than four minutes until Roger Banister proved it wrong in1954.What happens if you put an animal in a pond? Any animal, big or small, will swim its way through. What happens when someone, who does not know how to swim, falls in deep waters? They drown. If an animal who has not learned swimming could escape by swimming, why not you? Because you believe you will drown while the animal does not.Have you ever wondered why the letters are organized in a particular order on hour keyboard? You might have thought it is to increase the typing speed. Most people never question it. But the fact is that this system was developed to reduce the typing speed at a time when typewriter parts would jam if the operator typed too fast.These three cases show the power of our beliefs. There is no other more powerful directing force in human behavior than belief. Your beliefs have the power to create and to destroy. A belief delivers a direct command to your nervous system.I used a snake in my workshops for children to show them how unrealistic some of their beliefs are. Students of a school in India, said snakes were slippery, slimy (黏糊糊的) and poisonous. After doing an exercise for changing beliefs, they handled my snake and found it to be dry andclean. They also remembered that only three types of poisonous snakes exist in India.Did this story end the way you thought? Review your beliefs now and find out which ones you need to change. （10分）(1) In the author’s opinion, if a person in deep water doesn’t know how to swim he will drown because _________. （2分）A.he is afraid of waterB.he doesn’t want to live in the worldC.he hasn’t learned to swim beforeD.he believes he will drown★标准答案：D(2) The author thinks that the letters are organized in a particular order on your keyboard in order to _________. （2分）A.reduce one’s typing speedB.satisfy the operatorC.save more spaceD.increase one’s typing speed★标准答案：A(3) The author’s experiment shows that __________. （2分） A.snakes in India aren’t poisonous B.snakes can be caught easily C.snakes are slimy and poisonousD.snakes are dry and clean★标准答案：D(4) According to the passage, we know that ________. （2分） A.students from India have unrealistic beliefs on how to live a better life B.an animal who has not learned to swim will drown if you put it in a pond. C.Roger Banister was the first person who ran a mile in less than four minutes. D.most people don’t like the order the letters are arranged on your ke yboard ★标准答案：C(5) The main idea of this passage should be that _______. （2分） A.beliefs make us seem stupid B.beliefs are very powerful C.changing your beliefs now if necessary D.people should always believe in themselves★标准答案：B4. A breakthrough (突破) in the provision of energy from the sun for the European Economic Community (EEC) could be brought forward by up to two decades, if a modest increase could be provided in the EEC’s research effort in this field, according to the senior EEC scientists engaged in experiments in solar energy at EEC’s scientific laboratories at Ispra, near Milan.The senior West German scientist in charge of the Community’s solar energy programme, Mr. Joachim Gretz, told journalists that at present levels of research spending it was most unlikely that solar energy would provide as much as three per cent of the Community’s energy requirements even after the year 2000. But he said that with a modest increase in the present< sums, devoted by the EEC to this work it was possible that the breakthrough could be achieved by the end of the next decade.Mr. Gretz calculates that if solar energy only provided three per cent of the EEC’s needs, this could still produce a saving of about a billion pounds in the present bill for imported energy each year. And he believes that with the possibility of utilizing more advanced technology in this field it might be possible to satisfy a much bigger share of the Community’s future energy needs.At present the EEC spends about $2.6 millions a year on solar research at Ispra, one of the EEC’s official joint research centres, and another $3 millions a year in indirect research with universities and other independent bodies. （10分）(1) The phrase “be brought forward”(Line 2, Para. 1) most probably means ________. （2分）A.be expectedB.be completedC.be advancedD.be introduced★标准答案：C(2) Some scientists believe that a breakthrough in the use of solar energy depends on ________.A.sufficient fundingB.further experimentsC.advanced technologyD.well-equipped laboratories ★标准答案：A(3) According to Mr. Gretz, the present sum of money will enable the scientists to provide ________. （2分）A.more than 3 ~, 6 of the EEC’s needs after the year 2000B.only 3% of the EEC’s needs before the year 2000C.less than 3% of the EEC’s needs before the year 2000D.3% of the EEC’s needs after the year 2000 ★标准答案：C(4) Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? （2分） A.The EEC spends one billion pounds on imported energy each year. B.At the present level of research spending, it is difficult to make any significant progress in the provision of energy from the sun.C.The desired breakthrough could be obtained by the end of the next decade if investment were increased.D.The total yearly spending of the EEC on solar energy research amounted to almost 6 million. ★标准答案：A(5) The application of advanced technology to research in solar energy ________. （2分）A.would lead to a big increase in research fundingB.would make it unnecessary to import oilC.would make it possible to meet the future energy needs of the EECD.would providea much greater proportion of the Community’s future energy needs ★标准答案：D三. 完型填空（共10题,共15分）1. {Today the car is the most popular sort of transportation in all of the United States. It has completely___1___the horse as a means of everyday transportation. Americans use their car for____2____90% of all personal business. Most Americans are able to___3___cars. The average price of regularly made car was, 50 in 1950, 470 in 1960 and up to750 in 1975. during this period American car manufacturer set about ____4___their products and work efficiency. As a result, the yearly income of the___5____family increased from 1950 to 1975 faster than the price of cars. For this reason purchasing a new car takes a smaller___6____of a family’s total earnings today. In 1951 proportionally it took 8.1 months of an average family’s income to buy a new car. In 1962 a new car ___7____8.3 of a family’s annual earnings, by 1975 it only took of 4.75 months’ income. In addition, the 1975 cars were technically superior to models from previous years. The___8__of automobile extends throughout the economy____9___the car is so important to American. Americans spend more money ___10___ keeping their cars running than on any other item.（15分）(1) None （1.5分） A.denied B.reproduced C.replaced D.ridiculed(2) None （1.5分） A.hardly B.nearly C.certainly D.somehow(3) None （1.5分） A.buy B.sell C.race D.see(4) None （1.5分） A.raising B.making C.reducing D.improving(5) None （1.5分） A.unusual B.smallest C.average D.biggest(6) None （1.5分） A.part B.half C.number D.quality(7) None （1.5分） ed B.spent C.cost D.needed(8) None （1.5分） A.running B.notice C.influence D.affect(9) None （1.5分） A.then B.as C.so D.which(10) None （1.5分） A.to B.in C.of D.for四. 汉译英（共5题,共10分）1. （在涉及到他不知如何处理的事情时）(When it comes to things he did not know how to deal with )，he often asked his brother to do them. （2分）2.( Nothing is more irritating than)（最让人恼火的莫过于）to have someone speaking for you when you are quite able to speak for yourself. （2分）3. （尽管我不同意你所说的话）(While I do not agree with what you say)I understand your reasons for saying it. （2分）4. As is known to all, (a balanced diet and exercise keep one fit and healthy.)(平衡膳食和锻炼能够使人们保持身体健康). （2分）5. He like to attend to everything himself __________(而不是让别人来帮他). （2分）★标准答案：instead of getting somebody else to help him1. Gratitude is the art of receiving gracefully, of showing appreciation for every kindness, great and small. Most of us do not fail to show our pleasure when we receive hospitality, gifts and obvious benefits, but even here we can perfect our manner of showing gratitude by making it as personal and sincere as possible. （10分）★标准答案：感激是对每一个无论大小的善行优雅的接受并表示欣赏的艺术。
大学英语四级模拟试题四（2）
大学英语四级模拟试题四（2）Passage 4In only two decades Asian-American have become the fastest-growing US minority. As their children began moving up through the nation's schools, it became clear that a new class of academic achievers was emerging. Their achievements are reflected in the nation's best universities, where mathematics, science and engineering departments have taken on a decidedly Asian character. (This special liking for mathematics and science is partly explained by the fact that Asian-American students who began their education abroad arrived in the U.S. with a solid grounding in mathematics but little or no knowledge of English.) They are also influenced by the promise of a good job after college. Asians feel there will be less unfair treatment in areas like mathematics and science because they will be judged more immediate in something like engineering than with an arts degree.Most Asian-American students owe their success to the influence of parents who are determined that their children take full advantage of what the American educational system has to offer. An effective measure of parental attention is homework. Asian parents spend more time with their children than American parents do, and it helps. Many researchers also believe there is something in Asian culture that breeds success, such as ideals that stress family values and emphasize education.Both explanations for academic success worry Asian-Americans because of fears that they feed a typical racial image. Many can remember when Chinese, Japanese and Filipino immigrants were the victims of social isolation. Indeed, it was notuntil 1952 that laws were laid down giving all Asian immigrants the right to citizenship.16. While making tremendous achievements at college, Asian-American students .A. feel they are mistreated because of limited knowledge of English.B. are afraid that their academic successes bear a strong Asian characterC. still worry about unfair treatment in societyD. generally feel it a shame to have to depend on their parents17. What are the major factors that determine the success of Asian-Americans?A. A solid foundation in basic mathematics and Asian culture.B. Hard work and intelligence.C. Hard help and a limited knowledge of English.D. Asian culture and the American educational system.18. Few Asian-American students major in human sciences mainly because .A. their English is not good enough.B. they are afraid they might meet with unfair judgment in these areasC. there is a wide difference between Asian and Western culturesD. they know little about American culture and society19. Why do the two “explanations" (Para. 3, Line 1) worry Asian-Americans?A. They are afraid that they would again be isolated from American society in general.B. People would think that Asian students rely on theirparents for success.C. Asian-Americans would be a threat to other minorities.D. American academic achievements have taken on too strong at Asian character.20. The author's tone in this passage is .A. sympatheticB. doubtfulC. criticalD. objectivePart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D.. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.21. When he applied for a in the office of the local newspaper, he was told to see the manager.A. locationB. professionC. careerD. position22. The mere fact most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that it will not occur.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. why23. The author of the book that women can live longer than men.A. saidB. is sayingC. saysD. saying24. Because of the strike, British Rail has been forced to all trains to London.A. cancelB. abandonC. postponeD. recall25. It around 9 o'clock when I drove back home because it was already dark.A. had to beB. was to beC. must have beenD. must be26. The survival of some wild animals is not very high as they are ruthlessly hunted for their skins.A. rateB. degreeC. rationD. scale27. Why do you object to the direction?A. followingB. followC. have followedD. having been followed28. to the doctor right away, he might have been alive today.A. If he wentB. Had he goneC. Were he goneD. Should he have gone29. is the richest man in this town?A. Whom do you thinkB. Who do you thinkC. Do you think whoD. Who you think30. A good newspaper publishes both and foreign news.A. diplomaticB. democraticC. domesticD. dramatic31. My brother changed his major at college several times and he never any one very long.A. stuck toB. kept backC. let aloneD. made way32. It isn't cold enough for there a frost tonight, so I can leave my car outside safely.A. would beB. beingC. wasD. to be33. More than one dismissed.A. have beenB. has beenC. areD. has34. The first, second and the third prize went to Kate, Bob and George .A. differentlyB. partiallyC. respectivelyD. equally。
外研社,新编大学英语综合教程4,Unit2 The Power of Words,Quiz答案
外研社，新编大学英语综合教程4Unit2 The Power of WordsQuiz答案1. Choose the most appropriate word or phrase to complete each of the followingsentences.1. Watch-making and tourism are the chief __________ of that country.A. projectsB. campaignsC. enterprisesD. investments2. The newspaper devoted a __________ to the discussion of the development of the suburbs.A. columnB. cornerC. queueD. row3. He wanted her to believe that he was __________ in what he had told her.A. generousB. sincereC. empiricalD. acceptable4. The major read the order and then passed it __________ to the commander.A. awayB. offC. alongD. apart5. I caught my shirt on a nail and nearly had it torn __________.A. offB. upC. awayD. down6. The policeman __________ his shoulders as if to say there was nothing he could do about thematter.A. switchedB. shruggedC. liftedD. folded7. Our club __________ seven new members at the last meeting.A. enrolledB. ensuredC. enrichedD. entitled8. Her humorous remarks seemed __________, but were in fact carefully prepared beforehand.A. preciseB. blankC. spontaneousD. bold9. Jane's __________ for gardening is evident by all of these beautiful flowers.A. acquaintanceB. familiarityC. achievementD. enthusiasm10. My wool sweater __________ when I washed it.A. toleratedB. withdrewC. shrankD. flooded11. I caught a __________ of the bus before it disappeared around the corner.A. visionB. glimpseC. guiseD. view12. He is __________ to getting up early and doing morning exercise in the nearby park every day.A. intendedB. accustomedC. probableD. related13. Robinson's photographs are __________ by the intense contrasts of dark and light areas, and theconsequent loss of detail.A. evokedB. savoredC. dedicatedD. characterized14. This __________ sight attracts the camera enthusiasts to Swanland from where excellentphotographs of the bridge can be taken.A. impressiveB. delightfulC. inspiringD. expressive15. He was rather __________ about the reasons why he never finished school.A. vividB. rudeC. toughD. vague16. It seems I __________ you an apology—I was supposed to phone you on Saturday night.A. oweB. earnC. paidD. deserve2. Complete the following sentences with the appropriate form of the words in the brackets.17.The conversation was limited by myYour answer Correct answerimperfect imperfect18.The couple shared a romanticYour answer Correct answerintimacy intimacy19.Your answer Correct answerlengthy lengthy20.It is wise to usejob. (grammar)Your answer Correct answergrammatical grammatical21.And all this praise just because the poor man has died—(sincere)Your answer Correct answerinsincere insincere22.Your answer Correct answervisual visual23.Your answer Correct answerpoetic poetic24.Your answer Correct answercomplimentary complimentary25.Your answer Correct answerpermission permission26.Psychologists have been studyinghuman mental process connected with sight. (perceive)Your answer Correct answerperception perception27.(assume)Your answer Correct answerassumption assumption28.He believes that a certain amount of(rebel)Your answer Correct answerrebellious rebellious29.Your answer Correct answerreassurances reassurances30.Your answer Correct answerexpectation expectation3. Complete the following sentences with the appropriate phrases from the box.31.My piano playing has improvedYour answer Correct answersignificantly significantly32.Your answer Correct answerobjectively objectively33.Children'sYour answer Correct answeracquisition acquisition34.There is littleYour answer Correct answerindication indication35.All she was interested in was theYour answer Correct answeradvancement advancement36.Considering the problems he's had, there can be little(expect)Your answer Correct answerexpectation expectation。
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《综合英语四》模拟试卷二考试形式：闭卷考试时间：120分钟I.Multiple Choice (20%)Directions: Each problem below consists of a sentence in which one word or phrase is omitted. Four words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), (D), are given beneath the sentence. You are to choose the ONE word or phrase that will best complete the sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the problem and mark your answer.1 Heat often ____ pain.A. gleamsB. blinksC. alleviatesD. quivers2 In California alone there are about half a million ____ laborers from Mexico topick grapes in every fall.A. transientB. transferableC. unworthyD. unacceptable3 The market ____ of the last few weeks have shaken the world.A. situationsB. magnanimitiesC. consanguinitiesD. convulsions4 The _____ Earth, as one might say, beat like the heart of ManA. variableB. antiquatedC. hierarchicalD. laud5 I gave my assent ____ the plan.A. forB. toC. withD. on6 The air is ____ by a smell of smoking.A. pervadedB. exhortedC. gluedD. inversed7 Bill failed to ____ the scene as it was described, even though it was not a hardjob,.A. uprearB. scuffleC. gapeD. visualize8 The dean insisted that this violence be just a family matter beyond theschool's____.A. institutionB. constitution C jurisdiction. D. jurisprudence9 Don't be so ____ ; I'm not telling you what I've promised not to say.A. inquisitiveB. ineligibleC. explicableD. unwieldy10 They want to sit apart and ____ or something, and the plot is concerned at theirlack of public spirit.A. disclaimB. broodC. confessD. illumine11 All of them claim ____ dignity as individuals.A. unintelligibleB. unavailableC. unalienableD. unobservable12 The principal did not understand why they put up ____ resistance to hisproposal.A. lumpyB. lucidC. lubricateD. stout13 Don’t you recognize this is a ____ punishment?A. pretendedB. inestimableC. sufferableD. tyranny14 In our own day, gross ____ upon the liberty of private life were a commonphenomenon.A. appropriationsB. dissolutionsC. desolationsD. usurpations15 Tess felt ____ to object her father’s decision.A. jerkedB. strandedC. containedD. constrained16 In private, I gave them my ____ opinion.A. candidB. openC. kindredD. undistinguished17 Before the other consultants could muster a ____ response, Townsend glancedat his watch and said that he had to get back to the conference room for the evening presentation.A. coherentB. doctorateC. deductibleD. rumple18 Subconsciously perhaps, she rallied by convincing herself that with gentle andpersistent prodding of her students' minds she could extract from them substance for good essays and ____ for her belief in their capacity to think.A. anthropologyB. crotchC. sustenanceD. finale19 The municipal government ____ to improve the quality of life in the inner city.A. petitionedB. dissolvedC. endeavoredD. conjured20 There is not the least ____ of truth in his account of what happened.A. palpitateB. sinister lookC. avalancheD. elementII. Proofreading and error Correction (10%)Directions: In this part, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Copy the mistakes and put the corrections on the answer sheet. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank on the answer sheet. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧)in the right place and write the missing word in the blank on the answer sheet. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank on the answer sheet.1______ 2______ 3______4______ 5______ 6______ 7______8______ 9______ 10_____ The picturesque village of Alkmaar, at the northwest coast of Holland facing the North Sea, is a popular tourist attraction, but there is a quarter in the eastern section that tourists seldom visit. Jeff Stevens vacationed there several times with a stewardess from KLM who had taught him the language. He remembered the area well, a place which the residents minded their own business and were not unduly curious about visitors. It was a perfect place to hide out.Jeff's first impulse had been to rush Tracy to a hospital, but that was more dangerous. It was also risky for her to remain in Amsterdam a minute long. He had wrapped her in blankets and carried her out to the car, there she had remained unconscious during the drive to Alkmaar. Her pulse was erratic and her breathing shallow.In Alkmaar, Jeff checked for a small inn. The innkeeper watched curiously as Jeff carried Tracy upstairs to her room."We're honeymooners," Jeff explained. "My wife became ill -- a slight respiratory disturbance. She needed rest.""Would you like a doctor?"Jeff was not certain the answer himself. "I'll let you know."The first thing he had to do was try to bring down Tracy's fever. Jeff lowered her onto the large double bed in the room and began to strip off with her clothes, sodden with perspiration. He held her up in a sitting position and lifted her dress over her head. Shoes next, then pantyhose. Her body was hot to the touch. Jeff wet a towel with cool water and gently bathed her from head to foot. He covered her with a blanket and sat at the bedside listening to her uneven breathing.III. Paraphrase (10%)Directions: Paraphrase the following sentences or the underlined parts of the sentences and write your restatements next to the number of the problem on your answer sheet.1. Behind the inevitable thick-lensed spectacles glared beady porcine eyes whose sole purpose, it seems, was to seek out ne'er-do-wells and inflict on them stinging lashes of shame and guilt.2.The teaching of writing, of good writing, is the teaching of thinking -- not thinking presented in a general, abstracted, grandiose way, but thinking applied to the individual mind.3 Jukes was as ready a man as any half-dozen young mates that may be caught by casting a net upon the waters.4 The men on board did not count, and the ship could not last.5 We have already decided that Aristotle is wrong, and now we must face the consequences of disagreeing with him.IV. Translation (10%)Directions: Translate the following into Chinese and write your translation next to the number of the problem on your answer sheet.1 The Ritz Hotel, on the Plaza de la Lealtad in Madrid, is considered the best hotelin Spain, and for more than a century it has housed and fed monarchs from a dozen European countries. Presidents, dictators, and billionaires have slept there. Tracy had heard so much about the Ritz that the reality was a disappointment. The lobby was faded and seedy-looking.2 The assistant manager escorted her to the suite she had requested, 411-412, inthe south wing of the hotel on Calle Felipe V."I trust this will be satisfactory, Miss Whitney."3 Tracy walked over to the window and looked out. Directly below, across thestreet, was the Prado Museum. "This will do nicely, thank you."The suite was filled with the blaring sounds of the heavy traffic from the streets below, but it had what she wanted: a bird's-eye view of the Prado.4 Tracy ordered a light dinner in her room and retired early. When she got into thebed, she decided that trying to sleep in it had to be a modern form of medieval torture.5 At midnight a detective stationed in the lobby was relieved by a colleague. "Shehasn't left her room. I think she's settled in for the night."V. Translation (30%)Directions: Translate the following into English by using the words given and write your English sentences next to the number of the problem on your answer sheet.1. 富裕和声望使他自命不凡，别人便再也不喜欢他了。