介词与连词

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介词和连词

介词和连词

介词和连词介词一. 介词的语法作用用来表明名词、代词与句中其他词的关系的词叫介词。

介词是虚词,不能重读,不能单独作句子成分,需要和它后面的词共同充当句子成分。

介词及其宾语在句中作定语、状语、表语及宾语补足语等成分。

如The key to the door is missing.(定语) Marx stayed in Belgium for some time and then went to France.(状语) Japan is to the east of China.(表语) Make yourself at home.(宾语补足语)二. 介词的分类1. 根据介词的构成形式可将介词分为以下几类:简单介词:at, by, for, in, on, from, during, past等复合代词:out of, onto, into, insede, without等短语介词:because of, instead of, in front of, by the end of等双重介词:from behind, from around, till after等动词的-ing形式介词:including, considering, regarding, concerning等2. 根据介词的意义可将介词为以下几类:○1表示方位和空间关系的介词:at, round, in, over, below, in front of, outside, among, away from, around, on, under, above, behind, inside, near to, off, beyond, past, across, over, up, opposite○2表示时间的介词:at, in, around, between, since, during, till, after, on, about, round, for, until, by, before, from …to …○3表示工具、手段、方式等的介词:like, in, with, by○4表示其他含义的介词:without, besides, with, except, instead of三. 常用介词的用法1. 表示时间的介词○1at, in, on和byA. at的用法:a.时间的一点、时刻等,如at 12:00, at noon, at night, at midnight, at dawn, at daybreakb. 较短暂的一段时间,可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子,如at Christams,at New Year, at the Spring FestivalB. in的用法:a. 表示在某个较长的时间内(如世纪、朝代、年代、月及泛指上午、下午和傍晚等),如in the 1980s, in Qing Dynasty, in October, in the morningb.表示在一段时间之后,如I’ll be back in an hour.C. on的用法:a.用于表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间,如某日、某节日、星期几等。

介词连词的概念

介词连词的概念

介词连词的概念介词连词在语法中扮演着重要的角色,用来在句子中引导或连接不同的成分。

它们帮助我们表达时间、地点、方式、原因、结果等关系,使句子更加连贯、清晰。

本文将详细介绍介词和连词的概念、分类、用法和一些常见的例子。

一、介词的概念1. 介词的定义介词是一种虚词,用来表示名词、代词或动词与其他成分之间的关系,通常位于名词短语之前,用于指示时间、地点、方向、原因、手段等概念。

2. 介词的功能介词可以表达时间、地点、方式、原因、结果等关系,起到修饰、状语和补充说明的作用。

例如,“在学校学习”中的“在”表示地点,“因为下雨”中的“因为”表示原因。

3. 介词的特点介词通常后面接名词短语,并且和后面的成分构成固定搭配。

介词和名词短语成为介词短语,起到修饰其他成分的作用。

二、介词的分类1. 时间介词时间介词表示时间的概念,常见的有“在、在...之前、在...之后、从...到...、自从、当、一直到”等。

例如,“在早上、在下午、在晚上”等。

2. 地点介词地点介词表示地点的概念,常见的有“在、去、到、从...来、从...出发、进入、离开、靠近”等。

例如,“在家、去学校、到中国、离开公司、靠近河边”等。

3. 方式介词方式介词表示方式、手段的概念,常见的有“用、用...做、以、通过、靠、依靠”等。

例如,“用电脑、用汉语、以书面形式”等。

4. 原因介词原因介词表示原因、理由的概念,常见的有“因为、由于、为了”等。

例如,“因为下雨、由于他的努力、为了考好成绩”等。

5. 结果介词结果介词表示结果、目的的概念,常见的有“使、叫、让、以便”等。

例如,“使他开心、叫他来、让他学习、以便配合工作”等。

三、连词的概念1. 连词的定义连词也是一种虚词,用来连接句子、短语或词语,起到连接、衔接不同成分的作用。

连词包括并列连词、从属连词和对等连词。

2. 并列连词并列连词用来连接相同地位的两个句子、词语或短语,表示相互之间的并列关系。

常见的并列连词有“和、或、但、而、于是、所以”等。

介词和连词的区别及用法整理

介词和连词的区别及用法整理

介词和连词的区别及用法整理介词和连词在英语中都属于词类的一种,它们在句子中有着不同的功能和作用。

尽管它们的用法有时候会相似,但是它们之间还是存在一些区别。

本文将对介词和连词的区别及用法进行整理并加以说明。

一、介词的定义和用法介词(preposition)是一类用于连接名词、代词、动词或形容词与其他词语之间关系的词类。

它通常位于名词短语之前,用来表示方向、位置、时间、方式等含义。

1. 表示方向或位置:- The book is on the table.(这本书在桌子上。

)- She walked through the door.(她穿过了门。

)2. 表示时间:- I will see you in the morning.(早上我会见到你。

)- The movie starts at seven o'clock.(电影七点开始。

)3. 表示方式:- He does his work with passion.(他工作充满激情。

)- She sang the song in a sweet voice.(她以甜美的声音唱了这首歌。

)4. 表示原因和目的:- They went to the park for a walk.(他们去公园散步。

)- She studies hard for good grades.(为了好成绩,她努力学习。

)二、连词的定义和用法连词(conjunction)是连接词语、短语或句子的词类。

它用来连接句子或句子中的成分,使句子关系更加密切、连贯、完整。

1. 表示并列关系:- I like pizza and she likes spaghetti.(我喜欢比萨,她喜欢意大利面。

)- He is tall but his brother is short.(他很高,但他的兄弟很矮。

)2. 表示选择关系:- Do you want tea or coffee?(你想要茶还是咖啡?)- You can either go with us or stay at home.(你要么跟我们一起去,要么待在家里。

初中英语介词和连词

初中英语介词和连词

初中英语介词与连词介词:一.概念:介词表示它后面的名词或相当于名词的其他结构与句中其他成分的关系.1、介词和种类(1) 简单介词,常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。

(2) 复合介词,如by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。

2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系(1) 和动词的搭配,如agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about等。

(2) 和形容词的搭配,如afraid of, angry with, different from, good at(3) 和名词的搭配,如answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to等.二.相关知识点精讲1.表示地点位置的介词1)at ,in, on, toat (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示"在……附近,旁边"in (1)表示在大地方; (2)表示"在…范围之内"。

on 表示毗邻,接壤to 表示在……范围外,不强调是否接壤He arrived at the station at ten.He is sitting at the desk.He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.Jiangsu lies in the east of China.Russia lies on the north of China.Fujian is to the south of Jiangsu Province.2)above, over, on 在……上above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直,与below相对;over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间,不直接接触。

连词与介词的区别

连词与介词的区别

连词与介词的区别我们在学习一种语言的时候经常会学习的语言的语法,那么你知道连词和介词的区别是什么吗?下面是店铺为你整理的连词与介词的区别,供大家阅览!介词和连词的区别:介词不能单独作句子成分,但介词在介词短语中是两个实质性结构成分中(介词+名词性词语)的一个;而连词在实质性结构中只起连接作用。

下面以“和”为例谈谈如何区别介词和连词。

①当“和”作介词的时候,“和”前后的成分不能互换,前面可加副词作状语,后面可以有停顿。

②当“和”作连词的时候,“和”前后的成分可以互换,前面不能加副词性修饰成分,后面不能停顿。

一、介词的分类与语法功能1. 介词是虚词,不能单独作句子成分,必须与名词、代词(或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句等)构成介词短语,在句中充当一个成分。

介词分为:① 简单介词,如at、in、for等;② 合成介词,如within、inside、onto、througout等;③ 短语介词,如according to、out of、because of、by means of、in spite of、instead of等。

④ 双重介词,如from behind / above / under、until after等。

⑤ 分词介词,如considering、including、judging(from / by) 等。

常见的介词宾语:名词、代词、动名词、从句、不定式等。

如:①It is going to rain this afternoon according to the weather forecast.②He quarrelled w ith her yesterday.③He succeeded in passing the final exam.④I’m still thinking of how I can fulfil the task ahead of time.⑤The professor will give us a talk on how to study English well.2. 介词短语在句中可作表语、定语、状语和宾补等。

英语介词和连接词

英语介词和连接词

英语词类分十种:名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。

介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。

如in, on, from, above, behind.连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。

如and, but, before .7、介词:7.1、介词的主要用法:介词是一种虚词,不能独立使用。

介词之后一般有名词或代词(宾格)或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语,即构成介词短语。

有些介词是由两个以上的词构成的短语介词,如:out of(从…中出来), because of(因为), away from(距离…), on top of(在…顶上), ever since(自从…), next to(在…隔壁), according to(根据…), in front of(在…前方)等。

7.2、介词的分类表:(见下表)地点(位置、范围)介词:above在…前, about在…附近, across在…对面, after在…后面, against倚着..., along在…近旁, among在…中间, around在…周围, round在….周围, at在…处, before在...前, behind在...后, below低于..., beside在...旁边, between在...之间, by在...旁, down在...下面, from来自..., in在...里面, inside在...里面, near靠近..., of在...之中, on在...上面, out of在...之外, outside在....外面, over在....上方, under在...下方, up在...上面, on top of在...顶部, in front of在...前, close to靠近..., in the middle of在...的中间, at the end of在...的末端,等等。

介词与连词的区别

介词与连词的区别

介词与连词的区别介词和连词是语法中常见的两个词类,它们在句子中起着连接词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子之间的作用。

虽然它们都有连接的作用,但是介词和连词在使用时有一些区别。

本文将从定义、功能和用法等方面介绍介词和连词的区别。

一、介词的定义和功能介词是一种独立的词类,用来在短语或从句中连接名词、代词、动词或副词等。

介词通常置于名词、代词或短语之前,起到修饰、限定或说明名词、代词的作用。

此外,介词还可以表示时间、地点、原因、方式、比较、目的等关系。

举例来说,以下是一些常用的介词:- in(在)- on(在...上)- at(在...处)- by(由...)- for(为...)- from(从...)在句子中,介词与它所连接的名词、代词、短语等构成介词短语,并在句子的结构中起到修饰、补充或限制的作用。

例如:1. I live in a small town.(我住在一个小镇上。

)2. She left the book on the table.(她把书放在桌子上。

)3. We go to school by bus.(我们坐公交车上学。

)二、连词的定义和功能连词也是一种独立的词类,用来连接短语、从句或句子。

连词通常用于连接并列的词、短语、从句或句子,使得它们之间有一定的逻辑关系。

连词可以用来表达并列、递进、转折、因果等关系。

以下是一些常见的连词:- and(和)- but(但是)- or(或者)- so(所以)- because(因为)- although(尽管)在句子中,连词在语法结构上连接两个或多个并列的词、短语、从句或句子,并起到使它们之间具有逻辑关系的作用。

例如:1. I like apples and oranges.(我喜欢苹果和橙子。

)2. He is rich, but he is not happy.(他很富有,但他并不快乐。

)3. I will visit London or Paris next week.(下周我将访问伦敦或巴黎。

介词和连词

介词和连词

介词和连词介词是用来表明词与词ˎ句与句之间关系的词。

介词是虚词,不能重读,不能单独做成分,后面一般有名词ˎ代词或相当于名词的其它词ˎ短语或从句做它的宾语。

介词和它的宾语一起构成介词短语,在句中做定语ˎ状语ˎ表语ˎ补足语。

知识点一:.介词的分类1.形式上的分类类别特点例词简单介词由一个词构成at ,about, above , across, after, against, along, among, around, before, behind, below, between合成介词由两个合在一起构成without,within,nearby,inside,throughout, into, onto,outside短语介词由几个介词或一个介词和其它词构成regardless of, because of, thanks to, owing to, as aresult/consequence of, rather than, apart from,except for, but for, in place of, in front of, at thetop/bottom of, on behalf of, in case of分词介词部分动词的-ing用作介词considering, regarding, depending on, concerning, including,2.意义上的分类类别例词时间介词at, in, on, since, for, during, until, till, by, before, after, between, from...to, throughout地点介词at, in , on, around, above, below , over, in front of, behind, inside, outside, beside, next to, close to, near, by, across, opposite, through, within, onto, into, off , towards, to, from... to, among, against(倚靠)原因介词because of, for, at, with, from比较介词as, like, over(超过), to(与...相比)条件介词but for(要不是),considering(考虑到),in case of 让步介词despite, in spite of, regardless of其它介词for(支持),against(反对),without/with(没/有),besides, except/ but/other than(除了),instead of,知识点二:常用介词的用法1.at1). 在某处at the corner of the street at the concert at home arrive at the station2). 处于…状态at war at lunch at work at table at a disadvantageat sb/sth’s best/worst3). 在...时刻/钟点/时期/岁at that moment at noon at dawn at dusk at night at sunrise at daybreak at the weekend at the age of at Christmas at 2 o’clock4).以...速度/价格/代价at a speed of 80 kph at full/high speed at a high/low priceat the expense of at a rate of5).at+名词表示“一......就”at the sight of at the sound of at the thought of6).at与动词连用,表示“对/朝/向(目标,方向等) ”aim at laugh at shoot atthrow sth at point sth at7)表示“应......邀请/请求/号召/吩咐”at our request at the chairman’s invitationat one’s command8).与形容词连用,表“因...而”“在...方面”be surprised at sth be astonished at sthbe shocked at be angry at be disappointed at sth be good at paintingbe delighted at the result be impatient at the delay9).其它:call me at 637-22332.in1). 在...时间内in the morning/afternoon/evening in spring/summer/autumn/winterin the fall of 2016 in January2). 在(某段时间)之后in a few days in a month in a week’s time3). 在...空间/范围内in Africa be lying in bed read about the accident in the newspaper4). 处于...状态in good/bad condition in a good state in danger in debtin despair in ruins in trouble in use in operation in preparation in love5). 表示使用语言,材料等say it in English in pencil put it in writing pay in cash speak in a loud voice6). 其它:be dressed in their best clothes in a row three metres in length in tearsin an attempt to in total in comfort in conclusion in consequence in principlein depth in detail in disguise in effect in practice in existence in casein store in person in place in need in demand in order in sight3.on1). (覆盖,附着)在...之上(尤指某物的表面上) on the wall on the Thameson the surface of the lake hit sb on the head2). 表时间,在特定的日子里on Sunday on May the first on the morning of March 8thOn Christmas Day on your birthday on one occasion3). 关于give a talk on the economic situation differ from each other on some important mattersa ban on smoking4). 处于活动或状态中be on business/holiday/vacation a soldier on watch be on fire5). 按照,凭,根据,靠act on his advice live on rice be based on facts6). 就在...之后,一...就(后接名词或动名词) on his arrival/return on arriving homeon hearing the news7). 其它:stand on one foot hang your coat on that hook come on my bike Have you got any money on you be on the committee on our sidetalk on the telephone a town on the coast4.for1). 为了,给,替(表示目的,对象) come here for advice prepare for a meetinga book intended for children a knife for cutting breadHere’s a letter for you wok for IBM2). 历经,计,达(表示时间,距离,数量) The bad weather has lasted for an entire weekwalk for miles3). 支持,赞成Are you for or against the proposal? vote for giving up smoking4). 由于,因为be famous for its hot springs be praised for his good deedsget an award for bravery5). 当做,作为What did you have for lunch? Don’t take him for a foolYou must have mistaken me for Lisa6). 其它:. I’ll swap these two bottles for that one. That’s too much responsibility for a child The box is too heavy for me to lift They are anxious for her safetyShe has an ear for music have a gift for writingfor ever永远地for sale for free/nothing免费for all 虽然,尽管5.by1). 在...旁边,靠近stand by the window Come and sit by me2). 用,靠,通过,借助于(表示方式,手段) by train/air/plane/sea/ship/land/bus/carmake a living by selling newspapers know sb by name pay by chequecontact you by letter or by telephone3). 不迟于,在...之前return the book by FridayBy the time this letter reaches you ,I will have left the country.4). 按照,以(表示数量,尺寸,程度等,单位词前用the) be paid by the day/hoursell it by the meter judge a man by his looks/clothes5) 表示程度,数量The bullet missed him by two inches(子弹以两英寸之差未击中他)He is taller than his father by a head/two centimetersHouse prices went up by 10%6). 表示触及或抓住的人或物的部分take him by the hand seize him by the hairpick it up by the handle7). 其它:be knocked by a bus meet by chance take my umbrella by mistakewith time going by work by candlelight6.against1). 以......为背景,衬托。

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1. It is time _____ lunch. 2. I come to China _____ 2006. 3. I was born _____ June 1st, 1996. 4. We stay _____ home _____ Saturday afternoon. 5. I'm going to play football _____ school. 6. I can buy some flowers _____ you. 7. Lin Tao is _____ duty today. 8. I can see some tables _____ the chairs.
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get to ask for turn on worry about
strict with ready for
1. The little girl is looking ___________ her mother. 2. Thank you ____________ your help. 3. Don't read ____________ bed. 4. Tom comes _____________ the USA. 5. English names are different ____________ Chinese names. 6. We always have a class meeting ____________ Monday afternoon. 7. The story took place ______________ a cold night.
介词常见搭配
1. 动词+介词
listen to laugh at
look at
shout at
wait for get on
take off take away
2.形容词+介词
afraid of full of
busy with good at
famous for polite to
hear from look for put on learn from
4.表示用某种语言
in Chinese
5.表示穿着,戴着
in red 穿红衣服的
in a blue hat 戴着一顶蓝色的帽子
on
1. 常与星期连用 on Monday on Sunday 2.表示具体某一天 on June 1st on May 3rd 3.表示在某天的上午、下午或晚上 on Saturday morning on a winter evening 4.表示与另一区域范围相邻 Canada lies on the north of America. 加拿大位于美国的北部。
in
1. 常与上午、下午、晚上等词连用
in the morning in the afternoon
in the evening
2. in+时间短语
He will return in three days. 他将在三天后回来。
3. 在……里面(表地点)
in the box
in Beijing
in the south of China
with
1. 和……一起 He came here with his father.他和他爸爸一起来的。 2.用 I write a letter with this pen.我用这支笔写的信。 3.表示伴随状态 the girl with glasses 戴眼镜的女孩
about
1. 关于
The book is about the history of China. 这本书是关于中国的历史。 2.大约
like
1. 像……一样
She looks like her mother. 她看上去像她妈妈。 Do it like this。 像这样做
from
1. 自,从
We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们从周一到周五上课。 2. 从……来,来自于……
She is from America. 她来自于美国。
连词
1.表示并列 and:Mike and I study in the same school. 2.表示转折 but:I have a pen, but I have no pencil. 3.表示选择 or: Hurry up, or you will be late. Do you want the red one or the yellow one? 4.表示原因 because: I can't go to school today, because I am ill. 5.表示因果 so: I'm ill, so I can't go to school.
介词
时间介词:at、in、on、before、after、from 方位介词:on、in、behind、over、above、under、below 动向介词:to、into、up、down、through、along、out of 方式介词:by、in、with 原因介词:for、because of
It's about five o'clo…以后 I always have a walk after supper. 我总是晚饭后散步。 Read after me. 跟我读
before
1. 在……之前 You should get everything well before leaving. 你应该在出发之前把东西准备好。
The Farmer and the Snake
It was a cold winter day. A farmer found a snake on the ground. It was nearly dead by cold. The farmer was a kind man. He picked up the snake carefully and put it under the coat.
by
1.在……旁边 There is a cat by the tree.树边有一只猫。 2.到……为止
By the end of this month, I'll have read all those books. 到这个月底,我将读完那些书。
3.用(手段,方法) I often go to school by bus. 我经常坐公交车去上学。 She made a living by painting. 她以画画为生。
at
1. 表示在某一时间、年龄 at five 在5点 at night 在晚上 at the age of 12 在12岁的时候 2. 表示在某一地点 She is waiting for me at the bus station. 她在车站等我。
时间名词前所用介词口诀
年月日前要用in,日子前面却不行。 遇到几号要用on,上午下午又是in。 要说某日上下午,用on换in才能行。 午夜黄昏须用at,黎明用它也不错。 at也用时间前, 说“差”可要用上to,说“过”只可使用past。 多说多练牢牢记,莫让岁月空蹉跎。
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