研究生英语系列教材上 第9单元 A篇课文翻译参考
研究生英语1—9单元课文+翻译
Unit 1Ghosts for Tea' Ten pence for a view over the bay' . said the old man with the telescope.'Lovely clear morning. Have a look at the old lighthouse and the remains of the great shipwreck of 1935.'Ten pence was sheer robbery, but the view was certainly magnificent.Cliffs stretched into the distance, sparkling waves whipped by the wind were unrolling on to the beach,and a few yachts,with creamy-white sails, were curving and dodging gracefully on the sea . Just below,a flock of seagulls were screaming at one another as they twisted and glided over the water. A mile out to sea, the old lighthouse stood on a stone platform on the rocks, which were being greedily licked by the waves. In no way indeed did I grudge my money. As I directed the telescope towards the lighthouse, the man beside me tapped my wrist.' Have you heard about the terrible tragedy that occurred there in that lighthouse?' he asked in a hushed whisper.'I imagine there may be plenty of legends attached to such a dramatic-looking place' , I suggested.'It's no legend' , declared the old man. 'My father knew the two men involved.lt all took place fifty years ago to-day. Let me tell you.His voice seemed to grow deeper and more dramatic.'For a whole week that lighthouse had been isolated by storms' , he began, 'with terrifying seas surging and crashing over the rocks. People on shore were anxious about the two men working there. They'd been on the best of terms until two or three weeks before, when they had quarrelled over cards in the village inn. Martin had accused Blake of cheating. Blake had vowed to avenge the insult to his honour. But thanks to the wise advice of a man they both respected, they apologised to each other, and soon seemed to have got over their disagreement. But some slight resentment and bitterness remained. and it was feared that the strain of continued isolation and rough weather might affect their nerves, though, needless to say, their friends had no idea how serious the consequences would be.'Fifty years ago to-night,no light appeared in the tower, and only at two o'clock in the morning did the beam suddenly start to flash out its warning again.'The next morning the light was still visible. The storm had almost blown itself out, so a relief boat set out to investigate. A grim discovery awaited the crew . The men's living-room was in a horrifying state. The table was over-turned: a pack of playing cards was scattered everywhere: bloodstains splashed the floor. The relief men climbed the winding stair to the lantern room and there discoveredMartin's body, crouched beside the burning lamp. He had been stabbed and was dead. Two days later, Blake's body was washed up. scratched, bruised, and terribly injured.' Only then could we really start guessing what had happened. This great tragedy could only have been due to a renewal of their quarrel. Bored and depressed as a result of their isolation, Martin and Blake must have started to play cards. Again suspecting cheating, Martin had accused his former friend of dishonesty; a fight had broken out and Blake had seized his knife. In a fit of madness he had attacked his companion, who had fallen mortally wounded. Then, appalled by what he had done, the loneliness, the battering of wind and waves, Blake had rushed to the parapet and flung himself on to the rocks below, where the sea had claimed him.'But Martin was still alive. Hours later, after darkness had fallen, he had recovered consciousness. He remembered his job of lighting the lamp; suffering intense pain, the poor wretch crawled slowly up the winding staircase, dragging himself from step to step till he got to the lantern. At his last ' gasp he managed to light this before finally collapsing.'For years afterwards it was said that the lighthouse was haunted, and, owing to these stories, they didn't have any applicants for the job of lighthouse-keeper from among the superstitious local inhabitants. And now they say that on every anniversary of that day, especially when the sea is rough, you can stand in the living-room, hear the cards failing and the sound of angry cries, see the flash of a blade,and then glimpse a figure rushing to the parapet. And then you hear the slow dragging of a body from step to step towards the room above.'The old man paused and I turned to go.'By the way' , he added, 'have you any free time this afternoon? If so, why don't you have teain the lighthouse? We are putting on a special boat trip to-day. We're charging a pound. And my brother, who bought the old lighthouse when they built the new one just on the point, can serve very good teas there - included in the price of the boat trip - a bargain, considering the problem of obtaining the food. And if you are at all sensitive to the supernatural, you're likely to have an unusual, perhaps an uncanny experience there.I eyed him appreciatively. 'You're wasting your talents' , I said. 'You should have been a fiction writer. ''You don't believe it? exclaimed the old man indignantly.'I'd find it a job,' I answered. ' My father, Henry Cox, started as keeper of that lighthouse fifty- two years ago, and he and Jim Dowley, now retired on a pension, were in charge for ten years. Come and see my dad one day with that tale; he'd enjoy it' .But the old man had already turned his attention to a more likely client.Google翻译：“10便士比湾景”。
研究生英语读写译教程第9单元economic
Unit Nine EconomyText:Globalization and ChinaStephan RothlinBackground InformationAbout the author:The author is a professor of business ethics. In one of his writings he illustrated ideas about business ethics developed in U.S. and in Europe. He also indicates China has its culture’s rich ethical heritage, and can both govern and guide its national economy to develop better, not only for China but also for the World.Language points1. Para.[3]: The United States will cease the annual review procedure in which congress considers ending ...“in which” in used in a relative clause that starts within a preposition (it means to talk about a situation that you have just mentioned). Similarly used in the passage: Para.10, Para.11.2. Para.[6]: Global companies seem perched ... ever widening open doors.The sentences means: Global companies seem to be laying China’s economic development ona dangerous position by making good use of ( or taking advantage of ) China’s ever wideningopen doors.3. Para.[9]: Mencius remained especially strong in his belief that human nature might become ... . Similarly used in the passage: Para.11“that” used after verbs to introduce an objective clause which gives more information, a reason, an explanation etc.4. Para.[11]: The policy of opening-up supported ... watching.The opening policy supported for over twenty years started a period which has never happened before for economic growth that has the whole world watching.5. Para.[13]: It is in the vital interest of business and administration for China to become familiarized with values.“It” is used as the subject or object of a verb when the real subject or object is later in the sentence.Word study1. negotiate v.to discuss something in order to reach an agreement, especially in business orpolitics① The government refuses to negotiate with terrorists.② Union leaders have negotiated an agreement for a shorter working work.③ The French have brought new proposals to the negotiating table ( official business ).negotiation n.[usually plural] official discussion between the representatives of opposing groups, who are trying to reach an agreement especially in business or politics.④ The treaty was a result of long and complex negotiation.⑤ Through negotiation we are able to reach a compromise.2. perch v. to be in a position on top of, or on the edge of something① The birds perched on the telephone wires.② He was perched on his throne.③ The house perched on a cliff above the town.④ Linda perched herself on a bar stool.n. [informal] a high place where a person sits or where a building is placed⑤ From our perch on the hill, we can see the whole city.3. decisive a. action, event that has a powerful effect on the final result of something① Waterloo was the decisive battle of the entire war.② She demonstrated a talent for quick, decisive action.③ The covenant at Sinai was the decisive step in the creation of Israel.④ China has played a decisive role in the recent peace progress.decisiveness n.the ability to make decisions quickly with confidence and determination⑤ David acted with speed and decisiveness.4. fundamental a. affecting the simplest and most important parts of something① She is not just in a bad mood, she must have a fundamental psychological problem.② His fundamental mistake was to rely too much on other people.③ Water is fundamental to survival.n. the most important idea, rules etc that something is based on④I couldn’t even grasp the fundamentals of mechanics.fundamentally ad. in everyway that is important or basic⑤ They are good friends even though their view on many things are fundamentally different.5. corrupt ing one’s power in a dishonest or illegal way in order to get an advantage foroneself① Corrupt judges have taken millions of dollars in bribes.② Sometimes we doubt a corrupt society. (a very bad morally).v. to encourage someone to start behaving in an immoral or dishonest way③ Pornographic publications corrupt the minds of young people.④ Young prisoners are being corrupted by the older, long term offenders.corruption n. dishonest, illegal, or immoral behavior, especially from someone with power⑤ The chief Executive is being investigated for alleged corruption.⑥The word Thursday is a corruption of Thor’s Day. (a changed form of something)参考译文全球经济一体化与中国斯蒂芬·罗世林[1] 中国，拥有世界上人口最多的国家，在2001年11月10日加入世界贸易组织，结束了长达15年的谈判，这为中国在世界民族之林获得了一个新的地位与席位，为几个世纪以来的梦想注入了新的活力。
研究生学术英语高原第九单元课文翻译
如果谦逊的人能成为最好的领导者，为什么我们会爱上有魅力的自恋者?1.研究很清楚:当我们选择谦逊、不摆架子的人作为我们的领导者，我们周围的世界就会变得更好。
2.从长远来看，谦逊的领导者能提高公司的业绩，因为他们创造了更多的协作环境。
他们对自己的优点和缺点都有一个平衡的看法，并对他人的优点和贡献有强烈的欣赏，同时对新的想法和反馈持开放的态度。
这些“无名英雄”帮助他们的信任者们建立自尊，胜过他们的期望，并创建一个归属感，把个人的努力引导成一个有组织的团体，为集体的利益而工作。
3.例如，联合研究中心的一项研究调查了计算机软件和硬件行业的105家中小型公司。
研究结果显示，当一位谦逊的CEO执掌一家公司时，其高层管理团队更有可能合作和分享信息，最大限度地利用公司的人才。
4.另一项研究表明，领导者的谦逊具有传染性:当领导者表现谦逊时，追随者就会效仿他们谦逊的态度和行为。
对161个研究团队的一项研究发现，追随谦逊领导的员工更有可能承认自己的错误和局限性，通过将赞扬转移到他人身上来分享聚光灯，并对新想法、建议和反馈持开放态度。
5.然而，我们并没有追随这些无名英雄的脚步，而是似乎天生就在寻找超级英雄:那些过分赞美且散发着魅力的领袖。
6.在希腊语中，Kharisma的意思是“神圣的礼物”，而魅力是指具有非凡魅力、吸引力和存在感的品质，使一个人能够以热情和奉献精神激励他人。
德国社会学家马克斯•韦伯(Max Weber)将魅力定义为“神圣的起源或模范，在此基础上，相关的个人被视为领导者。
”关于魅力型领导的研究证据表明，魅力型的人更有可能被认可为领导者，因为他们精力充沛、非常规行为和英雄事迹。
7.虽然魅力有助于促成积极的大规模转变，但魅力型领导也可能有“黑暗面”。
杰伊·康格(Jay Conger)和拉宾德拉·卡农戈(Rabindra Kanungo)在他们的著作中这样描述:“有魅力的领导者可能倾向于极端自恋，这导致他们推动高度利己和宏伟的目标。
研究生新阶英语阅读 Unit 9 参考译文
研究生新阶英语阅读unit9参考译文Text A单项计时和多项计时1多年接触外国文化使我发现，复杂的社会在组织时间上至少有两种不同的方式：一种是根据不同时段安排不同任务，一次干一件事，这种计时制多见于北欧地区；另一种是在一个时段同时进行多项任务。
这两种系统在逻辑上和实际操作上都迥然不同，因此就像油和水，无法互融，各自既有优点也有缺点。
我把同时做多项事情称为多项计时或P-time,而把北欧系统——一次做一件事——称为单项计时或M-time。
多项计时强调的是人员的参与以及任务的完成，而不是强调对事前计划的执行。
对待预约时间也并不很认真，因此，食言是常有的事。
同时，多项计时也不像单项计时那样明确。
多项计时的人们很少感觉时间“被浪费了”。
时间通常被看作是一个点而不是一条丝带或一段路，但这个点一般却是很郑重和严肃的。
例如，如果一个阿拉伯人说：“我一个小时左右会见你”或者“我两天后见你”。
第一句话意味着他（她）会在一个小时之内见你。
第二句话意味着至少两天之后才会见你。
身处多项计时模式的社会里，人们严肃认真地对待这些承诺。
2尽管单项计时文化中的人恪守时间的安排，但是有时事情的发生却不像单时制预料地那么好。
因为我们的生活在很多时候都是难以预料的，谁能准确无误的预言某一客户、病人或多宗交易将要进行的时间。
这些都是人生交往中无法估量的因素。
也许今天十分钟能完成的事，明天得需要二十分钟才行。
有时人们有拼命还赶不完的任务，而过几天却又有剩余时间，所以说他们“浪费了”剩余的时间。
3北美人在拉美和中东经常会感到心情郁闷。
因为不论在地中海和阿拉伯国家的市场、商店还是集市，他们都处在多项计时的大环境中，周围到处是购物付款的顾客，但只有一位收银员，大家都争着吸引收银员的注意，收银员也恨不得一次就让所有人付完帐。
由于没有公认的秩序确定谁先谁后，也没有排队一说，因此也就不清楚到底谁来得最早。
对北欧或美国人来说，周围似乎充斥着混乱和喧嚣。
(完整版)Unit-9-What-is-happiness课文翻译
Unit 9 What Is Happiness?The right to pursue happiness is issued to Americans with their birth certificates, but no one seems quite sure which way it runs. It may be we are issued a hunting license but offered no game. Jonathan Swift seemed to think so w hen he attacked the idea of happiness as “the possession of being well-deceived,” the felicity of being “a fool among knaves.” For Swift saw society as Vanity Fair, the land of false goals.自从呱呱坠地，美国人就被赋予了追求幸福的权利，但似乎没人确信幸福究竟在哪里。
正如它发给我们狩猎证，却不给我们提供猎物。
乔纳森•斯威福特似乎持此观点，他抨击幸福的想法是“鬼迷心窍的上当，”是“骗子堆中的傻瓜”的自鸣得意。
因为他视社会为虚妄目标聚集的名利场。
It is, of course, un-American to think in terms of fools and knaves. We do, however, seem to be dedicated to the idea of buying our way to happiness. We shall all have made it to Heaven when we possess enough.当然用傻子、骗子这样的字眼来形容是不合美国的人的风俗习惯的，然后我们似乎确实沉溺于用金钱购买幸福的想法：只要有足够的钱，我们百年后就能上天堂。
研究生英语9单元阅读翻译
III. translate the following sentences:1.This year the UN's Nobel Prize-winning Intergovernmental Panel onClimate Change (IPCC) released a series of reports that laid to rest any doubts that global warming is real — and outlined the frightening consequences of continued inaction. （para1 line 2）今年联合国诺贝尔奖的获得者的政府间小组成员关于气候变化发布了一系列报告称毫无疑问全球变暖是真的——并且强调了对此问题持续的不敏感所导致的恐怖后果。
2.Unfortunately, the global political community is a long way fromspeaking with one voice on anything, and climate change is no exception.(Para.2)不幸的是，全球政治团体长期以来对任何事情都是一个声音，气候变化问题也不例外。
3.It was at the 1997 conference, held in Japan, that the Kyoto Protocolwas passed, but since then, there’s been little progress, thanks in no small part to President George W. Bush’s determined foot dragging on climate change.(Para. 2)早在1997年在日本举行会议就已签署了京都议定书，但从那时起，就再没有任何发展，这得感谢布什总统对气候变化问题拖的后腿。
研究生英语综合教程上Unit 9
Starting out
Task 1
With rapid economic development in China, people’s housing conditions have been greatly improved, but house prices have also risen. Interview some of your friends, especially those who were born before or during the 1970s, about the changes they have experienced in the cost and condition of their housing. The following are some possible topics that you may like to raise.
grow by 12X. 2. may rise to $110,000 a year 3. has not only affected people with low incomes but also
people who live in the suburbs 4. having a period of misfortune 5. not people who have received federal housing assistance, but
Starting out—Task 2
Task 2
People have a number of different reasons for choosing a particular area to live in. Compare the benefits and shortcomings of the following locations and decide where you’d like to live. You could add to the list.
工程硕士研究生英语综合教程上册Unit Nine
PrPoroppeer Nr Naammees s
2.sickle cell anemia: a chronic, usually fatal anemia marked by crescent shaped red blood cells, occurring almost exclusively in black people of Africa or of African descent, and characterized by episodic pain in the joints, fever, leg ulcers, and jaundice(镰状 细胞血症) 3.the Belmont Report: a report of the National Commission for the protection of human subjects of biomedical and behavioral research
星蓝海学习网
Proper Names
1. ADA deficiency: adenosine deaminase (腺苷酸 脱胺酶) deficiency, which is an autosomal (正染 色体的；常染色体的) recessive condition. In the absence of the enzyme （酶） adenosine deaminase, T lymphocytes （T 型淋巴细胞）, a type of immune system cell, cannot develop normally. Children with ADA lack the immunity to fight off infections and typically die within the first year of life.
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研究生英语系列教材上第9单元 A 篇参考译文
住房危机走向郊区
在过去的五年里;弗吉尼亚州费尔法克斯县的住房价格增长速度是家庭收入增长速度的12倍。
今天，该县中等家庭不得不将其收入的54%用于购买位于该县的普通住房;在2000这个数字是26%。
形势如此严峻，以至于费尔法克斯县最近开始对年收入90，000美元的家庭提供住房补贴;很快，这个数字可能提高到I10，000美元。
1. 富兰克林·罗斯福总统曾经说经济大萧条造成1/3的美国人住房简陋、衣衫楼兰、营养不良，然而70午后的今天，美国人却是穿着考究、营养日益过剩。
但是，廉价房稀缺是一场日益加深的民族危机，而不仅仅是依靠福利为生的城市家庭的危机。
这个问题己经波及中产阶级，并向郊区蔓延，在那里服务工作者及其家属挤在过于狭小的公寓里，大学毕业生不得不借宿在父母家，而消防队员、警察和教师在他们所服务的社区也买不起房。
2．住房拥有率接近历史最高位，但有房户和无房户之间的差距越来越大，有房子离工作单位80英里远的有房户之间的差距也越来越大。
现在，1／3的美国人花费至少30%的收人用于住房，联邦政府将这种情况定义为"无力支付"的负担，而有一半的穷打工仔花费至少50%的收人用于租房，这种情况被称为"极其严重"的负担。
在过去
10午里，房地产迅猛发展，这使得在此之前就已经购置房产的美国人大赚特赚了一把，但现在廉价房对中、低收人的美国人来说，是一个比税收、社会保险、汽油价、格更严重的问题。
3美国曾经非常关注廉价房间题。
1934午和1937午，罗斯福签署了住房立法，提供抵押贷款、攻府公寓，并为那些穷困潦倒的工人提供建筑工作。
1949午，国会树立了官方目标---- "让每一个美国家庭都能拥有一个体面的家和宜居环境，"而到了1974年，尼克松总统开始对数以百万计的低收入租户在私有住房方面提供租金补贴凭单。
半个世纪以来，在华盛顿发生的大多数住房方面的辩论都围绕着一个主题:即应该在多大程度上扩大联邦政府的资助。
4. 但在过去20年中，唯一的联邦住房新提案就是H0P VI，也就是克林顿政府拆毁80，000单位的最羞公共住房，重建混合收人寓所来取而代之。
该计划己经拆除了大部分高度危险的房子，它们曾使公共住房声名狼藉，并己重建了一些城市的社区。
但是它更多的是把享有补贴的公寓房夷为平地而不是取而代之。
5．总的来说，自90年代初以来，接受联邦援助的家庭数己经降到最低，尽管人口不断增加，预算不断膨胀。
美国国会已经拒绝了美国总统布什提出的大部分的削减计划，但几乎没有讨论过增加计划；廉价房的倡导者花费的大部分时间都被用于努力争取保持现状。
6．而现状真是很艰难。
今天，有450万低收人家庭享受联邦住房救助，还有3倍于此的家庭符合被救助资格，却拿不到救助。
费尔法克斯县有12，000户家庭在排队轮候4，000套救助公寓。
"这太宝贵了，
一且拥有，没有人愿意放弃。
"费尔法克斯住房委员会主席康拉德·艾根这样说。
这听起来奇怪，但如今住房危机的受害者不是那些已经享受"救助计划"的人，而是那些没那么幸运去享受这个计划的人。
7．一些自由派人士梦想着对所有合格的低收人家庭都给予补贴，但是这个每年要斥资上千亿美元的解决办法很不现实，即便是在预算赤字再度膨胀之前也不现实。
因此，即使一些曾经主张住房政策的人现在也支持对大多数联邦租房救济金实行时间限制。
人们对10年前福利改革中所设计的时间问题有争议，但研究表明，这些时限有助于激励受助人摆脱对福利的依赖。
和福利不同的是，住房救济金不是联邦所赋予的权利。
因此几年后对一个家庭停止共给意味着给另一个同样需要救济的家庭一个喘息的机会。
8．"这是显而易见的事，"大卫·史密斯---- 波士顿的一位廉价房的倡导者说，“你不能让内在矛盾无限地延续。
"
9．间题的根源是廉价房的供需，或者更准确地说，工作地点附近的廉价房的供需之间极不协调。
据哈佛大学住宅联合研究中心提供的数据，现在有1，500万个家庭至少把他们一半的收人用于支付住房费用;许多人为了住房甚至在医疗保健、照顾儿董和食品等方面节省开支。
其他人为了减少租金，居住条件极为拥挤，研究表明，拥挤的居住条件与高犯罪率、学习成绩差、以及健康状况不佳紧密相关，仅洛杉矾就有62万户家庭多人共居一室。
其他工作者居住在较为便宜的社区，忍受着越来越长距离的交通往返，这种现象被称为"驾驶以保生活质量"。
10．这造成各种不良结果---- 孩子们看不到父母;当汽油价格飘升、城市向外扩张、道路上堵满了长途通勤的打工者、他们的汽车排放着温室气体，劳动者根本就入不敷出。
费尔法克斯县监督委员会的会长凯西·哈金斯说:"我认为如果我们迫使人们平均每天四个小时呆在汽车里，我们就无法建立强大的社区。
"廉价房也可以使社区具有竞争力;如果打工者没钱住在那里，我们还真不知道费尔法克斯县怎能一直创造就业机会。
11. 为促进廉价房，地方官员最好不要挡在路上---- 不要要求一英亩最小面积和两车位的车库、不要阻止低收人和高密度的项目。
12．另一方面，联邦预算由华盛顿政界人士决定。
但是，美国国会自1986年施行低收人住房税收抵免政策以来没有再支持过新的建设项目，该政策每年造就近100，000套廉价住房，足以取代被拆除或被转变为市场化招租的那些住房总数的一半。
布什在2000年和2004年的竞选中提出了房屋所有权税收抵免攻策，这是一项极好的政策;但是他最终竟然没有实行。
一项等待国会投票的法案可能会把一些联邦特许机构------如房利美----- 的利润按照一定的百分比转移到国家廉价房信托基金名下，但这项法案似乎停滞不前。
唯一的用国家力量促进支付能力的办法并不是有关住房的办法;例如，有一个方法可以让劳动者更能够负担得起住房费用，那就是提高他们的收人-----通过提高最低工资、降低工资税或扩大收人税收抵免等方式。
13．解决廉价房危机的一个明确办法:房地产市场崩溃。
这是一个能够吸引媒体关注的住房间题―――因为这会伤害有房户。
但是对于使
用风险贷款的低收入房屋所有人来说放松价格可能是毁灭性的，另一方面对于无房者来说，它也不会带来居者有其屋的结果。
价格下降还有很大的空间，在2000年，费尔法克斯2/3的房屋销售价格不高于$250，000，但去年只有不到１/２０的房屋以此价格出售。
即便价格小幅下滑都可能引发建设减速，从而使中等收人家庭缺乏廉价房的局面变得更糟糕。
14．最终，政治家可能重新发现住房间题不是一个城市贫困问题，而是一个中产阶级的生活质量问题，正如燃油价格或医疗保健一样。
居者有其屋通常被称为是美国梦，但如今许多劳动者为了使他们的家人不至于破产，宁愿租一所体面的房子居住。