Revision Exercises Revised (2012-12)
实验室审核标准
Document Name:Global Outside Lab QualificationProcedureDate Revised:21-May-08© 20yy – 20yy Whirlpool Corporation. The subject matter shown hereon is disclosed in confidence to the extent it is original with Whirlpool.Disclosure to other parties except in filling Whirlpool orders is forbidden.Appendix to GES-0128:Outside Lab Capability AssessmentREQUIREMENTSREPORT FORMCOMMENTS CARDCOPYRIGHT © 2008 WHIRLPOOL CORPORATIONDocument Name:Global Outside Lab QualificationProcedureDate Revised:21-May-08© 20yy – 20yy Whirlpool Corporation. The subject matter shown hereon is disclosed in confidence to the extent it is original with Whirlpool.Disclosure to other parties except in filling Whirlpool orders is forbidden. TABLE OF CONTENTSPage Foreword ....................................................................................................................................... 11 Auditee Preparation Guidelines ...................................................................................................... 11-12Suggested Outside Lab Capability Assessment Agenda ................................................................. 13 Outside Lab Capability Assessment Topics .................................................................................... 13 Requirement Statements and Guidelines ........................................................................................ 14-15 Auditee Final Assessment Status ................................................................................................... 16 Outside Lab Capability Assessment Requirements ......................................................................... 17 L1 - Quality Systems (equipment & data integrity)................................................................. 18 L2 - Materials Testing .......................................................................................................... 19 L3 - Codes & Regulatory Requirements ............................................................................... 20 L4 - Test Specifications & Procedures .................................................................................. 21 L5 - Test Plans .................................................................................................................... 22-23 L6 - Reliability ………………………………………………………………24 L7 - Lab Product Approval Process ...................................................................................... 25-26L8 – Lab Personnel Experience ………………………………….…………..27-28 L9 – Product Experience and Market Experience (29)Glossary of Terms …………………………………………………...30-31 Outside Lab Assessment Report .................................................................................................... 33 Assessment Individual Key Scores and Findings ............................................................................ 33-35 Comments Card ............................................................................................................................ 36 Comments & Suggestions ..............................................................................................................37Document Name:Global Outside Lab QualificationProcedureDate Revised:21-May-08© 20yy – 20yy Whirlpool Corporation. The subject matter shown hereon is disclosed in confidence to the extent it is original with Whirlpool.Disclosure to other parties except in filling Whirlpool orders is forbidden.FOREWORDThe purpose of this document is to define the proper standard for the assessment of outside labs for potential data source(s) to support Whirlpool Corporation ’s product approval process. It is expected that any outside lab providing data will do so in a manner consistent with Whirlpool ’s Product Approval and Lab Operation process; thus, this Whirlpool ’s assessment is based upon the same “18 PALO Keys to Lab Improvement ” as is used internally at Whirlpool.This Outside Lab Assessment is to be used under the direction of a trained Product Approval representative.The contents of this document explain the necessary steps involved when going through a Whirlpool Outside Lab Assessment. The first section in this package is the “Outside Lab Audit Assessment Guidelines,” which are recommendations on how and what to prepare for the official assessment. Following that is the “Suggested Assessment Agenda .” This agenda is supplied to help the outside lab understand approximately how the time is allocated throughout the day while conducting the assessment. It is only a suggested agenda and does not take into account the size or complexity of the location beingassessed. The section “Guidelines for Use ” contains information about how to use this document. The biggest and most important section called “Assessment Requirements,” lists all the assessment requirements that will be used to evaluate the Outside Lab ’s Capabilities. This section is the core of the assessment process and the assessment team will evaluate the outside lab based upon this material. The sections have been organized to allow a natural flow or progression of questions while performing the Outside Lab Assessment. Finally, the last section called “Outside Lab Assessment Results &Comments Card ,” is a copy of the forms used to write the final assessment report. It includes a copy of a survey that may be filled out by the outside lab after the assessment is complete. It is through this feedback that we can continue to make the assessment process more valuable.This document shall provide all the necessary information to complete an Outside Lab Assessment and Final Report. If any more information is required, the outside lab shall contact the lead assessor. This person can answer any remaining questions.It is our intent that this process will provide Global Whirlpool Technology and Procurement personnel with a solidunderstanding of each Outside Lab ’s capabilities such that enlightened decisions can be made regarding potential testing outsourcing.AUDITEE PREPARATION GUIDELINESAUDITEE: This checklist is provided as an aid to help prepare you for your upcoming Outside Lab Capability Assessment . Basically, a Whirlpool team will be assessing your lab capabilities relative to specific Whirlpool needs and requirements. The key to a successful and efficient audit is preparation, both on the part of the auditee and the audit team. Your responsibility, as Auditee, is to make sure that the following items have been addressed and available as needed.A. Has the agenda for the day(s) of the audit been established and communicated? This is the responsibility ofWhirlpool Lead Assessor. If not complete, please contact the Lead Assessor.Document Name:Global Outside Lab QualificationProcedureDate Revised:21-May-08© 20yy – 20yy Whirlpool Corporation. The subject matter shown hereon is disclosed in confidence to the extent it is original with Whirlpool.Disclosure to other parties except in filling Whirlpool orders is forbidden.B. Have you reviewed the Outside Lab assessment standard, understand the requirements and used them toperform a self-evaluation prior to the official visit? Have you sent a copy of your self-assessment to the Whirlpool Lead assessor? C. Do you understand the scoring system?D. Is your documentation and supporting evidence readily available? Suppliers should prepare for the assessmentby gathering initial documentation & evidence by key, summarize it, organize it in a manner that the information can be rapidly selected for discussion, and prepare for additional background evidence should the Lead Assessor desire additional material.Key Point: The audit can be conducted in a much more efficient manner if the supporting documentation isarranged in a sequence corresponding to the Whirlpool requirements.The audit documentation can be flowcharted according to your design process. You may arrange the evidence in that order and notify the lead auditor of the desired flow and the lead auditor will follow your recommendations by re-arranging the assessment keys in the order you have recommended (note: all keys must be completed).E. Have you identified the key contact person (Lab Manager or equivalent) to represent your organization andinterface with the lab assessment team? F. Do you have lead people identified for specific sections of the audit (i.e. reliability, equipment calibration,personnel experience, document management, planning, etc.)? Are they “ready ” when called upon? G. Has a conference room been reserved for the audit team to use? H. Is a telephone available? I.Given the expected complexity of the audit and the size of the facility, has the overall time duration of the audit been estimated and consideration given to necessary breaks, including lunch arrangements, if needed? (Note: In the interest of time, a quick working lunch brought to the audit location is typically preferred.)J. Is any safety equipment required (i.e. safety glasses, steel toe shoes, hearing protection, etc.)?Finally, if you have any other questions or concerns they can and should be resolved with the Whirlpool Certified Lead Assessor prior to the actual audit day.Document Name:Global Outside Lab QualificationProcedureDate Revised:21-May-08© 20yy – 20yy Whirlpool Corporation. The subject matter shown hereon is disclosed in confidence to the extent it is original with Whirlpool.Disclosure to other parties except in filling Whirlpool orders is forbidden.SUGGESTED ASSESSMENT AGENDAACTIVITIES:EST. DURATIONIntroduction (Team members/Auditee representatives) .................................................................. 10 - 20 min. Auditee overview of Lab Operation & Facilities .............................................................................. 30 min. Lab Facility Tour ........................................................................................................................... 30 min - 1 Hr. Lab Capability Assessment ............................................................................................................ 4 - 6 Hrs. Scoring & Report Development (Whirlpool Team Only) ................................................................... 30 min – 1 Hr. Closure Meeting ............................................................................................................................ 30 - 45 min.Note: This suggested agenda does not take into account the size or complexity of the location being assessed. The estimated duration should be seen as a guideline only. A typical assessment can take anywhere from 5.0 hr. to 9.0 hrs .Outside Lab Capability Assessment TopicsKey No.KEY NAMEL1 QUALITY SYSTEMS (equipment & data integrity) L2 MATERIALS TESTINGL3 CODES & REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS L4 TEST SPECIFICATIONS & PROCEDURES L5 TEST PLANS L6 RELIABILITYL7 LAB PRODUCT APPROVAL PROCESS L8 LAB PERSONNAL EXPERIENCEL9PRODUCT EXPERIENCE AND MARKET EXPERIENCEDocument Name:Global Outside Lab QualificationProcedureDate Revised:21-May-08© 20yy – 20yy Whirlpool Corporation. The subject matter shown hereon is disclosed in confidence to the extent it is original with Whirlpool.Disclosure to other parties except in filling Whirlpool orders is forbidden.REQUIREMENT STATEMENTS AND GUIDELINESAs mentioned in the Foreword, this audit was designed to evaluate all three dimensions of a lab ’s capability; the Personnel , Equipment, and Documentation . To achieve this, each assessment page is laid out in the following manner: The “KEY ” statements are the first statements written in “Bold ” letters on top of every page in the assessment. The keyDocument Name:Global Outside Lab QualificationProcedureDate Revised:21-May-08© 20yy – 20yy Whirlpool Corporation. The subject matter shown hereon is disclosed in confidence to the extent it is original with Whirlpool.Disclosure to other parties except in filling Whirlpool orders is forbidden.Key ScoringAs indicated above, all keys have as a scoring technique a series of incremental points. Within each point are a number of ‘criteria statements ’ that correlate directly with increased compliance to the requirements of the key. From point-to-point these criteria build upon each other in a progressive manner toward excellence in the “Key ” subject matter.For the purposes of scoring, to achieve the “point being evaluated ” the auditee must, in the opinion of the Lead Assessor , meet or exceed all of the criteria based statements assigned to it . Only after meeting the current ‘point ’ requirements may the assessor look toward the next level of incremental criteria. Also, as noted above, to aid in scoring decisions, half-point scores (0.5, 1.5, or 2.5) are permissible.If all of the criteria are not met, the score shall be recorded at the previous “point ” level or, as appropriate, at the half-point score between the previous score and the next incremental score. Key ScoringPOINTSCRITERIA0 Non-Existent – System requirements have not been addressed; there is essentially no evidence of implementation or compliance.1 Traditional - System requirements may informally exist but they are unstructured and potentially inefficient. There is minimal compliance toward required standards.2 Learning - Adequate awareness and understanding of the preferred approach with basic proficiency and implementation levels, reasonable documentation.3 Leading – Full awareness and understanding of the preferred approach with effective and efficient implementation levels, solid documentation, an operational model.Lead Assessor QuestionsThe Lead Assessor Questions shown with each key are intended only as “thought provokers ” or “response generators ”. Their sole purpose is to stimulate supplier discussion on the key topic in a manner applicable to the key ’s scoring criteria. They are not meant to be “all inclusive ”; thus a supplier should focus their attention on the scoring criteria and not the lead assessor questions.Overlap of Key ContentFrom time-to-time it is fully expected that the content of various “Keys ” will overlap with the content of similar keys. To a degree, this is planned into the assessment. The repetition of seeing a topic in multiple areas of this assessment simply signifies the importance of its content.While this may spark some discussion regarding fairness of scoring if the auditee has a particular weakness in the duplicated area; it needs to be recognized as well that if the auditee has strength in this area, their strength will be likewise be multiplied throughout the assessment.Document Name:Global Outside Lab QualificationProcedureDate Revised:21-May-08© 20yy – 20yy Whirlpool Corporation. The subject matter shown hereon is disclosed in confidence to the extent it is original with Whirlpool.Disclosure to other parties except in filling Whirlpool orders is forbidden.None, No, Some, Occasional, Most, Majority, All and Always in Criteria Statements:Many of the Results Oriented criteria statements are specifically designed to probe the level of results that the design system should create. There are four levels of evaluation for these questions that contain results oriented requirements. These four levels can be recognized by the use of the words “None, Some, Most and All ” (and their synonyms) in the evaluation criteria. The meaning of these words can be reasonably quantified as shown in the following table:LEVEL RANGE None, no 0 – 5 % Some, occasional 6 - 50 % Most, majority 51 - 85 % All, always86 - 100 %Multiple Outside Lab OperationsIf an Outside Lab has multiple lab operations (i.e. an automotive lab, an appliance lab, a lab for all others, etc.) for the purpose of managing development, cost, and efficiency, the Whirlpool Outside Lab Assessment shall be applied to the section of the Outside Lab ’s business that would typically be utilized to test Whirlpool parts and product.ASSESSMENT STATUSAuditee Status:In addition to the assessment scores, auditees are classified under one of the four different status choices. This status is with regard only to the capability assessment. Additional reviews of specific facility, equipment, fixtures, and test procedure reviews are necessary for final determination of qualification level. These four status choices are Full Qualification , Conditional Qualification, Qualification in Process, and No Qualification . See matrix below:Assessment StatusCriteria(assumes all Keys are being assessed)Full Qualification Assessment that has a minimum score of 2 points or more for each key.Conditional Qualification Assessment that has less than a minimum score of 2 points for any key, but has documented an improvement plan that is acceptable to Whirlpool, with regard to quality and schedule.Qualification InProcessAssessment that is not complete, but plans are in place.No QualificationNo plans or desire to qualify currently.Document Name:Global Outside Lab QualificationProcedureDate Revised:21-May-08© 20yy – 20yy Whirlpool Corporation. The subject matter shown hereon is disclosed in confidence to the extent it is original with Whirlpool.Disclosure to other parties except in filling Whirlpool orders is forbidden.OUTSIDE LABASSESSMENTREQUIREMENTSDocument Name:Global Outside Lab QualificationProcedureDate Revised:21-May-08© 20yy – 20yy Whirlpool Corporation. The subject matter shown hereon is disclosed in confidence to the extent it is original with Whirlpool.Disclosure to other parties except in filling Whirlpool orders is forbidden.KEY #L1 - QUALITY SYSTEM (EQUIPMENT & DATA INTEGRITY)Description: This ‘Key ’ is designed to understand the process for maintaining integrity of their test equipment, test and equipment procedures (work instructions), and test records. Lead Assessor Questions:1. What is your process to calibrate & update laboratory test equipment?2. What is your process for updating test / equipment procedures or work instructions?3. What is your document control process for test records?4. What independent lab certifications or accreditations do you currently hold? (ie. ISO-17025, UL, etc.) 0 pts There is no evidence of test equipment calibrationNo evidence of a process to maintain control of test procedures (work instructions) andtest records.1 ptSome evidence of acceptable test equipment calibration; some examples of expiredcalibration tagsAn informal process to maintain control of test data & documentation exists (procedures,work instructions, etc.).Some test procedures are out-of-date or do not match actual practice2 ptsMost equipment has acceptable calibration and measurement systems analysis evidenceavailableA formal process to maintain control of test data & documentation exists (procedures,work instructions, etc.).Most test procedures are up-of-date and match actual practiceThere exists evidence that key test procedures are reviewed periodically3 ptsThe lab is currently ISO-17025 accredited OR meets the following requirements:All equipment has acceptable calibration and measurement systems analysisevidence availableAll test data (records) is stored in an easily accessible location, controlled through aformal document control system, and are kept for set periods of time (e.g. records retention)All test procedures are up-of-date and match actual practiceAll test procedures are reviewed per schedule or process trigger (evidence required) Equipment is calibrated based upon MSE / MSA needs or control chartingNotes* - calibratedbased upon factual, demonstrated evidence that ‘control ’ has been lost in the measurement device as opposed to calibration based upon a selected time interval.Document Name: Global Outside Lab QualificationProcedureDate Revised: 21-May-08© 20yy – 20yy Whirlpool Corporation. The subject matter shown hereon is disclosed in confidence to the extent it is original with Whirlpool.Disclosure to other parties except in filling Whirlpool orders is forbidden.KEY #L2 – MATERIALS TESTINGDescription: The Auditee may be expected to have a fully equipped materials testing lab to analyze and test materials for proper formulation and material properties analysis during design and development. Expected scope would be materials applicable to the industry of the products being tested.Lead Assessor Questions:1. What material testing capability do you have at this location?2. Do you have all the material testing equipment needed for your products?3. Do you have plans to update the materials testing lab? 0 pts There are no materials testing capabilities at this locationAll materials are contracted out for testing and/or analysis1 ptsSome material testing is completed at this locationThe more difficult material testing is contracted outMost auditee test personnel have less than (2) years of test experienceMost materials testing is done based upon informal, unapproved procedures2 pts Most materials testing is completed at this locationMost material testing is completed with formal, detailed test procedures and analysisreports.Most test result records are archived for future referenceSome auditee test personnel have greater than (5) years of test experienceSome test personnel have (2) or more years of formal college training3 pts All material testing is completed with formal, detailed test procedures and analysisreports.All test result records are archived for future referenceAll test result records are archived and easily retrieved for future referenceSome auditee test personnel have greater than (10) years of test experienceMost test personnel are degreed engineersNotesDocument Name: Global Outside Lab QualificationProcedureDate Revised: 21-May-08© 20yy – 20yy Whirlpool Corporation. The subject matter shown hereon is disclosed in confidence to the extent it is original with Whirlpool.Disclosure to other parties except in filling Whirlpool orders is forbidden.KEY #L3 – CODES & REGULATORY REQUIREMENTSDescription: This ‘Key ’ is intended to understand how codes and regulatory requirements are implemented and validated at the auditee ’s facility. It also is intended to assess the competency of personnel associated with the codes and regulatory operations.Lead Assessor Questions:1. Please describe the methods used in your product development group to ensure adherence to regulatory agency codesand product safety requirements.2. Please describe your level of certification (of lab and technicians) by appropriate codes agencies (e.g. UL, CSA, IEC,etc.).0 pts No identified codes function at this design locationNo codes agency certification of lab and/or technicians Auditee expects all codes & regulatory requirements to be their customer ’s responsibility 1 ptSome engineering change notice approvals include a sign-off from a codes/safety standpoint There is some evidence that outside codes houses are leveraged to minimize the risk that regulatory gaps may exist 2 ptsSome codes engineer(s) are in place at auditees design facility Some codes agency certification of auditees lab and/or technicians – or - some evidence that outside codes houses are leveraged Most engineering change notices are reviewed and signed-off by a codes/safety expert Most codes requirements are completed by product release Most code engineer test requirements are fully documented 3 ptsLead codes engineer has more than 5 years experience in the Product Approval and Lab Operations All engineering change notices AND temporary change authorizations have a codes/safety sign-off All appropriate labs and technicians are certified by regional appropriate codes agency All codes requirements are completed by product release All code engineer test requirements are fully documented NotesDocument Name: Global Outside Lab QualificationProcedure Date Revised: 21-May-08© 20yy – 20yy Whirlpool Corporation. The subject matter shown hereon is disclosed in confidence to the extent it is original with Whirlpool.Disclosure to other parties except in filling Whirlpool orders is forbidden.KEY #L4 - TEST SPECIFICATIONS & PROCEDURESDescription: Test specifications and procedures are the backbone of the testing and validation process. Their accuracy and use drive the verification and fitness for use decisions that must be made for new and revised products. This key investigates the auditee ’s test specification management system.Lead Assessor Questions:1.What is your process to develop and update test specifications? 1.Is there linkage of test specifications to customer needs? 2.How is data from the field used to create or improve specifications? 3.Who reviews newly created specifications prior to formal release? What is their authority? 4.How are specifications / test procedures reviewed over time? 5. What independent lab certifications or accreditations do you currently hold? (ie. ISO-17025, UL, etc.)0 ptsThere is no process to develop or update test specifications 1 pt There is limited input from design, customer, and field test results into test specificationcreationTest specifications are informally written by individuals who individually put them to useProcedures / test specifications are informally reviewed2 pts A formal process exists for the development and updating of test specifications; however, itmay not always be used as individually generated test specifications still occasionally existThere is some input from ‘the customer ’ and ‘field test results ’ into test specificationdevelopmentThere is some collaboration between design and the lab organizations in test specificationcreationReleased procedures / test specifications are formally reviewed to ensure correctness;review schedule is variable3 pts The lab is currently ISO-17025 accredited OR meets the following requirements:A formal, approved process for the development and updating of specifications existsand its use is a business requirement.Most specifications are developed based upon customer intended functions and are tiedto customer needs / benefits with historical data from the fieldA great deal of collaboration exists between design and lab organizations in testspecification creationReleased procedures / test specifications are regularly reviewed by a cross-functionaltechnical team according to a developed scheduleNotesDocument Name: Global Outside Lab QualificationProcedureDate Revised: 21-May-08© 20yy – 20yy Whirlpool Corporation. The subject matter shown hereon is disclosed in confidence to the extent it is original with Whirlpool.Disclosure to other parties except in filling Whirlpool orders is forbidden.KEY #L5 – TEST PLANSDescription: This ‘Key ’ evaluates the process used to develop and implement test plans for testing and approving products that meet customer requirements. It includes how test plans are continuously improved with new requirements such that results achieved from approved product lead to better products.Lead Assessor Questions:1.How are test plans for new features / products developed? Who has input to their creation? 2.Please describe how DFMEA ’s provide directional content to the creation of your test plans. 3.Is there a standardized template used for test plan development? 4.When in the development cycle are test plans created and how are they linked to the customer specifications? 5.Are new tests developed when new specifications are created? 0 ptsAuditee has no formal test plans - they do minimal testing Auditee does not create their own test plans (customer assumes this responsibility) 1 pt Evidence shows only standard tests are used and minimal or no critical thought is given for newtests.Tests plans are typically created close to product launch (reacting to the timetable)The Product Approval Group & Design Engineering only occasionally interact in test plandevelopmentThere is evidence that DFMEA ’s are used in some test plan creation.2 pts Test plans are based on prior test documents; no specific regional /global template is usedNew, unique tests are developed for unique features or new product based upon customerinsightsSome test plans are developed early in the process.Test plans are jointly developed between the Product Approval Group and Design EngineeringGroup with the Product Approval Group having the overall authority on most test plan content.There is some test plan coordination / interaction with customers (i.e. effect on other customerparts).There is evidence that DFMEA ’s are used in most test plan creation.3 ptsTest plan development template (w/standard tests) used to drive critical thought for all projecttest plans.There is clear evidence of new tests proactively developed and based upon customer insights.These tests are shown to be linked to newly developed product specificationsTest plans are jointly developed with the Product Approval Group and Design Engineering, andit is clearly documented that the Product Approval engineer has the final authority on all test plan content.There is considerable test plan coordination / interaction with customers (i.e. effect on othercustomer parts).There is evidence that DFMEA ’s are used in all test plan creation.Most test plans are developed early in the process.。
人教版四年级语文拼音课文12《小木偶的故事》
12《小xi ǎo 木m ù偶ǒu 的d e 故g ù事shi》老木匠做了个小木偶l ǎom ùjiangzu îleg âxi ǎom ùǒu。
小木偶有鼻子有眼xi ǎom ùǒuy ǒub íziy ǒuy ǎn ，能走路n ãngz ǒul ù，会说话hu ìshu ōhu à。
老木匠左瞧右瞧l ǎom ùjiangzu ǒqi áoy îuqi áo，总觉得小木偶脸上还少了点什么z ǒngju ãdexi ǎom ùǒuli ǎnsh àngh ái 。
少了点什么呢sh ǎoledi ǎnsh ãnmene？老木匠怎么也想不起来l ǎom ùjiangz ěnmey ěxi ǎngb ùq ǐl ái。
“你知道吗n ǐzh īd àoma ？”老木匠问小木偶l ǎom ùjiangw ânxi ǎom ùǒu。
“不知道b ùzh īd ào 。
”小木偶板着脸回答xi ǎom ùǒub ǎnzheli ǎnhu íd á。
老木匠一下子想起来了l ǎom ùjiangy íxi àzixi ǎngq ǐl áile，小木偶脸上少的东西是笑xi ǎom ùǒuli ǎnsh àngsh ǎoded ōngx ī！“笑是很重要的xi àosh ìh ěnzh îngy àode 。
”老木匠对自己说l ǎom ùjiangdu ìz ìj ǐshu ō，“谁要是不会笑shu íy àoshib ùhu ìxi ào ，谁就没办法过快乐的日子shu íji ùm ãib ànf ǎgu îku àil âder ìz！”老木匠拿起他的神奇雕刻刀l ǎom ùjiangn áq ǐt ādesh ãnq ídi āok，在小木偶的脸上添了一个笑嘻嘻的表情z ài x i ǎo m ùǒud e l i ǎn s h àn g t i ān l ey。
四年级英语上册素材-Lesson 12 Revision课文翻译 科普版
Lesson 12 Revision第十二课复习单词表uncle ['ʌŋkl] 叔，伯，舅等farmer ['fɑ:mə] 农民work [wə:k] 工作want [wɒnt] 想要plant [plɑ:nt] 种植；植物do [du:] 做bread [bred] 面包eat [i:t] 吃wheat [wi:t] 麦子together [tə'geðə] 一起cut [kʌt] 切，砍have to 不得不You're welcome. 不客气Let's talk一起说一说What's that in English?那个用英语怎么说？It's a horse.那是一匹马。
Who's on the horse?谁在马上？My uncle.我叔叔。
Is he a worker or a farmer?他是一名工人还是农民He's a farmer.他是农民。
Can you see any sheep?你能看见绵羊吗？Sheep? Where are they?绵羊？它们在哪里？They're near the house.它们在房子附近。
Oh, yes.哦，是的。
How many sheep can you see?你能看见几只绵羊I can see fifteen.我能看见十五只。
What's the time, please?请问几点了？It's twelve o'clock.十二点钟了。
I have to go now. Goodbye.我现在得走了。
再见Bye-bye.再见。
Read and act读一读并表演The red hen.红母鸡I'm a red hen. I like to work.我是只红母鸡。
我喜欢工作。
I'm a duck.我是一只鸭子。
2012版人教新教材英语Unit 1-unit 12全册教案
Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?Section A (1a-2d)一、教学目标：1. 语言知识目标：1) 能掌握以下单词：guitar, sing, swim, dance, chess, play chess, draw, speak, speak English, join, club能掌握以下句型：①—Can you play the guitar? —Y es, I can./ No, I can't.②—What can you do? —I can dance.③—What club do you want to join? —I want to join the chess club.2) 能了解以下语法：情态动词can的用法want to do sth.的用法2. 情感态度价值观目标：该部分内容贴近学生的生活，谈论的话题是能力。
通过互相询问或谈论自己或对方在某一方面的能力，可以培养学生的一种群体意识。
二、教学重难点1. 教学重点：1) 学习询问和谈论彼此的能力和特长；2) 掌握一些弹奏乐器的表达方式。
2. 教学难点：情态动词can的构成和使用。
三、教学过程Ⅰ. Lead in1. 教师可携带一些易于演奏的乐器，也可带一些演奏乐器的图片，一边演示乐器，一边说: I can play the guitar．…等；再指着图片说：He／She can play the violin．But I can’t play it．等；然后询问学生：Can you play the guitar?…．并引导学生进行简单的回答。
2. S s look at the picture in 1a. Then read the words and phrases. Let Ss match theactivities with the people.Then Check the answers with the class together.Ⅱ. Presentation出示一些反映各种活动的图片、幻灯片或播放课件，引导学生谈论活动：He／She can dance／swim／sing／"··But I can’t dance／swim／sing／...等，学习表达活动的动词短语。
健美操理论答案
《健身健美操竞赛规则》中规定不正确的身体形态与标准位置，最多减（）分。
(1分)A、0.1B、0.2C、0.3D、0.52 身体脂肪过多会带来哪些危险( )。
(1分)A、高血脂B、糖尿病C、胆囊疾病D、以上都是 3 不含锌的食物是( )。
(1分)A、海带B、牡蛎C、扁豆D、米4 中国健美操国家队在( )项目上获得大满冠。
(1分)A、男子单人B、女子单人C、集体六人D、三人操5 《健身健美操竞赛规则》中规定成套动作中至少应出现（）次以上的运动员之间的动力性配合动作。
(1分)A、1B、2C、3D、4 6 《健身健美操竞赛规则》中规定任何伤害到其他运动员的器械使用，减( )分。
(1分)A、1B、2C、3D、4 7 健美操的基本步伐“双腿跳（Jump）”属于（）。
(1分)A、无冲击力动作B、低冲击力动作C、高冲击力动作D、以上都不是8 《健身健美操竞赛规则》中规定超过托举的数量，每次减（）分。
(1分)A、0.2B、0.3C、0.5D、1 9 健美操的基本步伐“点地（Tap touch)”属于（）。
(1分)A、无冲击力动作B、低冲击力动作C、高冲击力动作D、以上都不是10 健美操作为一项独立的体育运动项目，其明显的标志是（）出现。
(1分)A、形体操B、杰希健美操C、简·方达健美操D、减肥操11 脂肪主要来源于动物性食物和植物性食物，如猪油、牛油、羊油、芝麻、大豆、（）等。
(1分)A、粮食B、蔬菜C、水果D、花生12 为了实现良好的锻炼效果，我们必须具备( )条件。
(1分)A、安全性B、有趣性C、效果性D、以上都是13 以下具有天然排毒功能的食品是（）。
(1分)A、香蕉B、西瓜C、黄瓜D、葡萄14 在健美操步伐中1个曼波步( Manbo)需要（）拍来完成。
(1分)A、1B、2C、3D、415 《竞技健美操竞赛规则》中规定六人操的场地大小是（）。
(1分)A、7×7平方米B、10×10平方米C、12×12平方米D、14×14平方米16 《竞技健美操竞赛规则》中规定男单和女单成套动作的音乐时间是（）。
2012版自考英语二课文中英文对照
第1课Text AText A Critical ReadingCritical reading applies to non-fiction writing in which the author puts forth a position or seeks to make a statement. Critical reading is active reading. It involves more than just understanding what an author is saying. Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying, and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying. Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader.批判性地阅读批判性阅读适合于那种作者提出一个观点或试图陈述一个说法的纪实类写作。
批判性阅读是积极阅读。
它不仅仅包括理解作者说了些什么，还包括质疑和评价作者的话，并对此形成自己的观点。
成为一名批判性阅读者需要做到以下几点。
Consider the context of what is written. You may be reading something that was written by an author from a different cultural context than (=from) yours. Or, you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context than yours. In either case, you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author.考虑写作背景。
英语二自学教程答案主编张敬源【2012年版课后习题答案】
Unit l The Power of Language参考译文对话范例请朗读下面的对话，注意说话者提出建议的方式。
史蒂夫：嗨，珍妮，想不想这周末一起做点什么？珍妮：当然了。
做什么呢？史蒂夫：不知道。
你有什么想法吗？珍妮：看电影怎么样？史蒂夫：好主意。
看什么电影呢？珍妮：那就看《机动部队4》吧。
史蒂夫：我不想看那部电影，我不喜欢看充满暴力的影片。
《疯狂的布朗医生》怎么样？听说很有趣。
珍妮：好的。
就看这部吧！几点开始？史蒂夫：8点在瑞克斯影院。
看电影之前我们吃点东西怎么样？珍妮：当然了，好主意。
去新开的意大利餐馆梅开缇吧。
史蒂夫：太好了1 6点钟在那不见不散。
珍妮：好的。
6点钟梅开缇见。
再见。
史蒂夫：再见。
指导实践要求：给你的朋友提一些建议，告诉他们什么地方适合度假。
利用你自己的信息，也可以运用下面的提示。
你想去……吗？我们去……好吗？我们去……吧。
我们为什么不去……呀？去……怎么样？好主意。
谢谢你，给了我那么多好的建议。
TextA读前问题：1．通常情况下，你是否会反对作者提出的观点？你认为什么是积极阅读？2．你希望作者就批判性阅读提出什么样的建议呢？批判性阅读批判性阅读适用于非小说类文学写作，作者要么提出观点，要么陈述事实。
批判性阅读就是积极阅读，不仅仅要解决作者所说的话，还要对其提出质疑，进行评价，进而形成自己的独特的观点。
要想成为批判性读者，就要做到以下几点：考虑写作的语境。
你所阅读的文章，其作者的文化背景也许与你截然不同，抑或文章是以前写的，与你所处的时代也完全不同。
无论哪种情况，你都必须意识到你的价值观和态度与作者所述的价值观和态度是不同的，要充分考虑这些差异。
质疑作者提出的观点。
不要按照字面意思来理解文章的内容，在此之前，一定要搞清楚作者是否提供了足够的证据，证明他的观点是正确的。
查找事实、例证和统计数据，还要看看作者是否结合了各学术权威的著作。
对比该文章与相关话题的其他文章。
看一下文章是否与别人写的相关话题的文章一致，如果有不一致之处，就要仔细评价作者所提供的证据。
高考英语二轮复习专项突破：七选五——巧用逻辑关系 (全国通用)(含高考真题分析)
七选五——巧用逻辑关系距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
命题解读专家解惑一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的联系。
从逻辑上来看，句子之间常常有并列、递进、顺承、转折、总分、解释、因果、过渡、例证等关系，有时甚至包含不止一种关系。
一定要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。
如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，考生就可以利用其进行推理判断；如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词，考生就需要全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，做出正确的判断。
名师指要——微技法巧图解[图解技巧][经典感悟]并列关系【例1】(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)So, how do you finda workout partner?First of all, decide what you want from thatperson. 37.________Or do you just want to bephysically fit, able to move with strength andflexibility? Think about the exercises you would liketo do with your workout partner.A．Your first meeting may be a little awkward.解析：根据空后的“Or do youjust want to bephysicallyfit...？”可知，空处和它是并课堂培优——鲜素材微考场Test 1to kick-start a new fitness routine is very real. But after being locked indoors for months, you may feel as though you lack exercise. 1.________？Working out with your partner can be a great way to boost inspiration. Here are our top tips for an exercise routine that's built to last.Pick something you both love.If you love Pilates but your partner is all about lifting heavy weights, working out together might seem like an impossible task. While you can both stick to the activities you love, 2.________. Pick an activity you both love, or work towards a fitness goal together, like completing a fun run or half marathon.3．________．Getting sweaty doesn't sound like the most comfortable when you're doing activities, but there are things you can do to make it as enjoyable as possible. Invest in active wear that not only feels good but looks good, too. Dressing in workout gear that you're excited about can make a difference on days when the motivation might belacking.4．________. It is ideal for wearing during sport or heavy-duty outdoor activities. It's sweat-resistant, with a dry-touch formula, while still offering UVA and UVB coverage.Be supportive and have fun.Trying a new outdoor fitness route, or running in front of strangers along the sand, can be a little discouraging, even if you're doing it with the one you love, 5.________. Motivate each other to get out of bed on days and remind each other that you're not working out just for looks. Getting your body moving has long-term benefits that far outweigh what can be seen from the outside.And remember to have fun: trying something new is tricky but finding something you both love and enjoy means you'll have a healthy habit for life.A．Feel good with fitness preparationB．Dress comfortably and properly to feel goodC．So how do you get motivated to get active once moreD．choose some exercises that require very little equipmentE. so remind your partner that you're in it together and stay supportiveF．make time to start something new together or work towards a common goal G．Sunscreen is a must-have too when you choose to exercise together on the beach 【解题导语】本文主要介绍了一些建立长期锻炼习惯的妙招。
将军澳官立中学
普23.通動感話普通話校本版 中一
音
24.
音(附樂樂學新習世光界碟及1 (學20習06錦年囊版連)光碟)
黃詠芝 王令
培培 生生
布裕民 李孝聰等 啟 思 布裕民 李孝聰等 啟 思
朗文
張陳志錦義輝 文永光 張陳志錦義輝 文永光
齡記 齡記
王仙瀛Байду номын сангаас全玉莉 精 工
Longman Longman
156.00 156.00 129.00 121.00 90.00 65.00 298.00 238.00
188.00
188.00
168.00 168.00
HISTORY
12. Issue – Enquiry Series Section 22 – Life in the Main Nelson Y.Y. Kan
Roald Dahl L.Frank Baum
Aristo
Puffin O.U.P. Longman
O.U.P.
MATHEMATICS
8. Mathematics in Action (Second Edition) Book 1A P.F. Man, C.M. Longman
(Modular Binding) (with Learning CD-ROM 1A, Yeung, K.H. Yeung, Revision Handbook 1A (Enhanced Version) , Bridge Y.F. Kwok, Programme P6 to S1 & Supplementary Exercise 1A) H.Y. Cheung
8. Mathematics in Action (Second Edition) Book 2B (Modular Binding) (with Learning CD-ROM 2B, Revision Handbook 2B (Enhanced Version) & Supplementary Exercise 2B)
郝海龙《Revised GRE填空教程》(绿皮书)翻译-1.0版
以下是《Revised GRE填空教程》（新GRE绿皮书）Exercise 01的翻译【如有错误会顺便给出勘误】，英文原文本版权归ETS（未给出）。
若无特殊说明，中文译本译者为郝海龙。
如转载，请遵循“署名-非商业用途-禁止演绎”的版权许可协议，并保留原文链接，详见右上角版权申明。
请注意标题后的版本号，如果发现错误，本文本将不定期跟新。
本译本以做题为目的，因此有些句子翻译稍显冗赘，错误也在所难免，请见谅，并欢迎批评指正。
Exercise 11. 起初，我被她严肃的样子吓到了；但是当我更深入的了解她之后，我发觉她是非常（搞笑的）。
【如果不是为了做题，我认为可译为“她的笑点很低”】2. 新生婴儿既不是一个被动形体，也不是主动形体，而是一个可以被称作主动（接受）的形体，热切注意着外界的情景和声音。
3. 武器运输（停顿）带来的喘息之机给作战各方一个机会去重新评估自己的处境。
4. 重组DNA实验的倡议者决定（支持）联邦政府监管他们的工作，他们希望通过这样的妥协，能够预先阻止拟定中的来自州政府和地方政府的可能更为严格的控制。
5. 即使那些不同意卡门观点的人也很少因为她把观点表达出来而诟病她，因为她的观点不仅是有争议的，而且是（经过缜密思考的）。
6. 在目前变暖的趋势超出了正常气候的波动范围之前，科学家将会对于大气中二氧化碳含量的增加导致长期气温上升效应的可能性存在相当程度的（不确定性）。
【until单独出现与before意思一样。
】7. 目前数据表明，尽管在恐惧和攻击之间存在（过渡）状态，但恐惧和攻击无论在生理上还是心理上都是截然不同的。
8. 尽管伊冯·雷娜1974年的电影有女权主义的内涵，但这部电影要（早于）电影的制作人参与到女权政治运动中。
【feminist: adj. Of or relating to feminism [AHD]】9. 他们的忠诚对象的（次序），首先是对自己，其次是亲属，然后是本部落成员，最后是全体同胞。
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14. Under the present system, state enterprises must __D______ all profits to the government. A) turn down B) turn up C) turn out D) turn in
15. Only a few people have __A______ to the full facts of
develop new ways of ___D_____ bacteria which have become resistant to drug treatments. A) regulating B) halting C) interrupting D) combating
11. The rapid development of communications technology
the incident. A) access
C) contact B) resort D) path
16. The author was required to submit an __D______ of
about 200 words together with his research paper. A) edition B) editorial C) article D) abstract
is transforming the ___D_____ in which people communicate across time and space. A) route B) transmission C) vision D) manner
12. Every culture has developed __A______ for certain
kinds of food and drink, and equally strong negaences B) expectations C) fantasies D) fashions
13. E-mail is a convenient, highly democratic informal medium for conveying messages that _____C___ well to human needs. A) adheres B) reflects C) conforms D) satisfies
difficulties and finish the task according to schedule. A) get across B) get over C) get away D) get off
19. ___A_____ recent developments we do not
think your scheme is practical. A) In view of B) In favor of C) In case of D) In memory of
3. Arriving home, the boy told his parents about
all the _____C___ which occurred in his dormitory. (确定选C) A) occasions B) matters C) incidents D) issues
1/10%
6. Translation (from English into Chinese)
1 / 10%
4. It is through learning that the individual __D______ many habitual ways of reacting to situations. A) retains B) gains C) achieves D) acquires
5. There were no tickets _D_______ for Friday’s performance. A) preferable B) considerable C) possible D) available 6. The manager urged his staff not to _B_______
20. What you have done is ___D_____ the doctor’s orders. A) attached to B) responsible to C) resistant to D) contrary to
Cloze
refer supervise authority organize judice engage administration If we analyze the organization of any concrete government, we will find that there are three kinds of 1.___ which are 2. ___in the execution of the state will. These are, in the first place, the authorities which apply the law in concrete cases where controversies arise. Such authorities are known as 3.___ authorities. They are, in the second place, the authorities which have general 4.___of the execution of the state will, and which are commonly 5.___ to as executive authorities. They are, finally, the authorities which are attending to the scientific, technical, and, so to speak commercial activities of the government, and which are in all countries. 4. supervision 2. engaged 5. referred 1. authorities 3. judicial
the splendid opportunity. A) drop B) miss C) escape D) slide
7. There is a ___B_____ difference in meaning between the words surroundings and environment. A) gentle B) subtle C) feeble D) humble
试卷题型
I. Vocabulary and Structure 25 / 25%
2. Cloze 10 / 10%
3. Reading Comprehension A 15 / 30%
4. Reading Comprehension B 5 / 15%
5. Translation (from Chinese into Englsih)
8. Because of a ___C_____ engagement, Lora couldn’t attend my birthday party last Saturday. A) pioneer B) premature C) prior D) past
9. Not having a good command of English can be a
Revision Exercises
Part I Vocabulary
1. He asked us to __C______ them in carrying through
their plan. A) provide C) assist B) arouse D) persist
2. He was such a ___B_____ speaker that he held our attention every minute of the three-hour lecture. A) specific B) dynamic C) heroic D) diplomatic
17. Some plants are very ____D____ to light; they prefer
the shade. A) sensible
C) objective B) flexible D) sensitive
18. We are quite sure that we can __B______ our present
serious ____A____ preventing you from achieving your goals. A) obstacle B) fault C) offense D) distress
10. The university has launched a research center to