英语专业英国文学史课件Sir Gawain and the GreenKnight PPT
英国文学课件1
2. General Prologue
1) general framework a group of vivid sketches of medieval figures from different walks of life (except the highest and lowest)
1. Influenced by Dante, Petrarch, Boccaccio The House of Fame (1372—80) Legend of Good Women (1380—86) 2. English period (1387—1400)
III. The Canterbury Tales (1387-1400)
英国文学 British Literature
LITERATURE Novels, plays, and poetry are referred to as literature, especially when they are considered to be good or important. The literature on a particular subject of study is all the books and articles that have been published about it Literature is written information produced by people who want to sell you something or give you advice.
Early and medieval British Literature “Beowulf” ---the national epic of the English people. The Anglo-Saxon Period(10661350) Sir Gawain and Green Knight Popular Ballads Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400)
《英国文学史及选读》课件 PPT
Plan of the Course
Two terms to deal with this course For each term, we deal with one
English Invasion
In the mid-5th century, the tribes of Anglo, Saxons and Jutes (later known simply as Anglo-Saxons) migrated to England from the European continent, or more specifically from western Denmark and the northwest coast of Germany.
After the Norman Conquest
After the Norman conquest, for over 300 years, French was used dominantly in Britain.
By the end of the fourteenth century, when Normans and English intermingled, English was once more the dominant speech in the country.
By the English (the tribes of Anglo,Saxons and Jutes):in the middle of the fifth century
英国文学课件整理
The Wife of Bath’s Prologue and Tale（Geoffrey Chaucer）•And whan I sawgh he would nevere fine•To reden on this cursed book al night,•Al sodeinly three leves have I plight•Out of his book right as he redde, and eke•I with my fist so took him on the cheeke•That in oure fir he fil backward adown.•And up he sterte as dooth a wood leoun,•And with his fist he smoot me on he heed•That in the floor I lay as I were dead.•And whan he sawth how stille that I lay,•Til atte laste out of my swough I braide:•“O hastou slain me, false thief?”I saide,•“ And for my land thus hastou mordred me?•Er I be deed yit wol I kisse thee”•And neer he cam and kneeled faire adown,•And saide, “Dere suster Alisoun,•As help me God, I shal thee nevere smite.•That I have doon, it is thyself to wite.•Foryif it me, and that I thee biseeke”•And yit eftsoones I hitte him on the cheeke,•And saide, “Thief, thus muchel am I wreke.•Now wol I die: I may no lenger speke.”•But at the laste with muchel care and wo•We fille accorded by us selven two.•He yaf me al the bridel in myn hand,•To han the governance of hours and land,•And of his tonge and his land also;•And made him brenne his book annonright tho.•And whan that I hadde geten unto me•By maistrye al the sovreinetee,•And that he saide, “Myn owene trewe wif,•Do as thee lust the terme of al thy lif;•Keep thyn honour, and keep eek myn estat,”•After that day we hadde nevere debat.•God help me so, I was to him as kinde•As any wif from Denmark unto Inde,•And also trewe, and so was he to me.•I prayer to God that sit in majestee,•So blesse his soule for his mercy dere.•Now wol I say my tale if ye wol heere.paradise lostOf man’s first disobedience, and the fruitOf that forbidden tree whose mortal taste Brought death into the world, and all our woe, With loss of Eden, till greater ManRestore us, and regain the blissful seat,Sing, Heavenly Muse, that on the secret topOf Oreb, or of Sinai, didst inspireThat shepherd who first taught the chosen seedIn the beginning how the heavens and earth Rose out Chaos: or, if Sion hillDelight thee more, and Siloa’s brook that flowed Fast by the oracle of God, I thenceInvoke thy aid to my adventurous song,That with no middle flight intends to soarAbove th’ Aonian mount, while it pursues Things unattempted yet I prose or rhyme.And chiefly thou, O’Spirit, that dost prefer Before all temples th’upright heart and pure, Instruct me, for thou know’st, thou from the first Wast present, and with mighty wings outspread Dovelike sat’st brooding on the vast abyss,And mad’st pregnant what in me is dark Illumine; what is low, raise and support;That to the height of this great argumentI may assert Eternal Providence,And justify the ways of God to men.Say first (for Heaven hides nothing from thy view, Nor the deep tract of Hell), say first what cause Moved our grand parents, in that happy state, Favored of Heaven so highly, to fall offFrom their Creator, and transgress his willFor one restraint, lords of the world besides? Who first seduced them to that foul revolt?High on a throne of royal state, which far Outshone the wealth of Ormus and of IndOr where the gorgeous East with richest hand Showers on her kings barbaric pearl and gold, Satan exalted sat, by merit raisedTo that bad eminence, and from despairThus high uplifted beyond hope, aspireBeyond thus high, insatiate to pursueVain war with Heaven; and by success untaught, His proud imaginations thus displayed: “Powers and dominions, deities of Heaven!For since no deep within her gulf can hold Immortal vigor, though oppressed and fallen,I give not Heaven for lost: from the descent Celestial virtues rising will appearMore glorious and more dread than from no fall, And trust themselves to fear no second fate.Me though just right and the fixed laws of Heaven Did first create your leader, next, free choice, With what besides, in council or in fight,Hath been achieved of merit, yet this lossThus far at least recovered, hath much more Established in a safe unenvied throneYielded with full content. The happier stateEnvy from each inferior; but who hereWill envy whom the highest place exposes Foremost to stand against the Thunderer’s aim, Your bulwark, and condemns to greatest shareOf endless pain? Where there is then no goodFor which to strive, no strife can grow up there From faction; for none sure will claim in Hell Precedence, none, whose portion is so smallWill covet more. With this advantage thenTo claim our just inheritance of old,Surer to prosper than prosperityCould have assured us; and by what best way, Whether of open war or convert guileWe now debate; who can advise, may speak.”Sir Gawain and the Green KnightSir Gawain was Arthur’s nephew. In English stories, he is always described as a brave, honest and loyal knight.According to the story, King Arthur and his Round Table Knights were holding their New Year’s banquet at Camelot when a tall knight dressed in green and riding on a green horse came in, holding a huge axe in his hand. He challenged a knight to cut his head off on condition that the knight agreed to have his head cut off a year after. Gawain accepted the challenge and cut off the Green Knight’s head.. The knight picked up his head and rode away.Soon after that, Gawain set off to look for the Green Knight to receive his cut. After going through many strange adventures, on Christmas Eve Gawain came upon a beautiful castle where he was well entertained. He agreed to stay on till New Year’s Day since he was told that the Green Knight lived nearby. The lord of the castle made an agreement with Gawain that each day he himself would go hunting, and Gawain stay in the castle, and in the evening they would exchange what they had got during the day.For three days the lord went hunting but Gawain had to resist the temptation of the beautiful lady of the castle, who gave him one kiss on the first day, two on the second, and on the third day three kisses and a girdle which had magic power and would save his life. Each evening Gawain exchanged the kisses with his host for animals killed in the hunt; but on the third evening he kept the girdle, thinking that it would protect him when he met the Green Knight and received the cut. In this way he broke his promise.On the New Year’s Day, Gawain was brought to the Green Knight. He bent over for the cut he had promised to accept. The Green Knight raised his axe and brought it down, but he stopped himself at the last moment, for Gawain had moved a little because of fear. The Green Knight laughed at him. Gawain got ashamed and angry and urged the Green Knight to finish his job quickly. The Green Knight lifted his axe to cut, but again held it in the air. He praised Gawain for not moving this time. The third time the Green Knight made a slight cut in Gawain’s neck. Then he explained that he was the lord of the castle in a different form, and that the cut in the neck had been made because Gawain was full of shame and threw the girdle away. But the Green Knight forgives him and gave him the girdle as a gift.高文爵士是亚瑟王的外甥。
英国文学课件
beauty, studies, riches…
His style: clearness, brevity, force of expression
☆his essays is an important landmark in the development of English prose
English people → Alliteration( 头韵） • 2.Middle English Literature and the Canterbury Tales • ①The Romance( describing the life and adventures of a
noble hero) • ②Geoffrey Chaucer • → the “father of English poetry”, • →“The Canterbury Tales” is Chaucer’s masterpiece
• <Hamlet> hesitate between fact and fiction, language and action
• To be, or not to be - to live on in this world or to die; to suffer or to take action
• Selected readings In English And American Litercatures
• Tracy_0823
Part one Old and Medieval English
Literature
• 1. Old English Poetry and “Beowulf”(贝尔武夫) • “Beowulf ” → the national epic of the Anglo-Saxon and
2英国文学9.13PPT课件
Jutes
-
3
-
4
2. Literature characteristics ★ two kinds: pagan literature and Christian
literature 1) Pagan literature represents poetry and in
form of oral sagas. (“Beowulf”)
the Mid-autumn Day Nu Wa mending the sky
legends about this festival
★ Chang E flying to the moon ★ Wu Gang cutting the cherry
bay ★ Romance of Zhu Yuanzhang and moon cake
self-preservation; 3). By placing self-protection before honor, Gawain has sinned and fallen and become an image of Adam. Human excellence is marked by original sin, and the girdle itself remains a perpetual reminder of his weakness.
★Middle English literature is uttered by more voices, deals with a wider range of subjects and is in a greater
diversity of styles, tones and genres. ★ Romance and ballad occupy and important position. ★The literature reflects the principles of the medieval Christian doctrine and emphasizes the humanity of Christ
高中英语_Sir Gawain and the Green Knight教学课件设计
Next morning the hunter left the lodge early. Sir Gawain was still in bed when the hunter’s lovely young wife came into his room and sat on his bed where she made advances to Sir Gawain. He refused these advances so she kissed him on the cheek. That evening the hunter came home and gave to Sir Gawain the animals that he had caught. Sir Gawain gave him a kiss on the cheek. They laughed, and everybody went to bed.
the lord of
him
the castle
Para 9:
1. Why did Sir Gawain feel sad? Because he hadn’t been honest.
2. What was his decision then? He decided to wear the belt around his neck for the rest of his life. To remember that he was not perfect.
the test the bravery of… with a game
Green
Knight
without hesitation… cut off…
Sir Gawain
picked up…got on… left… (a man with super natural power)
英国文学史2ch
literature
3. Matter of Britain tales
Arthur
The knights of Round Table
English Romance: Arthurian Legends (Arthur: A legendary British hero, said to have been king of the Britons in the sixth century) Sir Gawain and the Green Knight ( Gawain: In Arthurian legend, a nephew of King Arthur and a Knight of the Round Table) --P 18-38
Part One
King Arthur
Round Table Knights
challenge who is brave enough
a tall knight dressed in green and riding on a green horse accept the challenge let his ax fall on the Green Knight’s neck Sir Gawain the head falls down the strange knight picks the head up asks Sir Gawain to look for him at the Green Chapel on the next New Year’s Day
Old English : spoken only by the common English people, esp. the common peasants French : official language used by the King and Norman lords Latin: principal tongue of church affairs used by the clergymen and scholars in the universities
英国文学课件
Renaissance Literature
• Late 15th century---early 17th century • The rise of bourgeois class • Renaissance: the rebirth of letters the key: humanism • Thomas More: the greatest humanist • Representatives: --William Shakespeare: drama --Edmund Spencer: poetry --Francis Bacon: essay
Second period:five history plays: Richard II, King John, Henry IV, Parts I and II, and Henry V six comedies: Much Ado About Nothing, and The Merry Wives of Windsor ,As You Like It,Midsummer Night’s Dream,Twelfth Night,The Merchant of Venice twotragedies: Romeo and Juliet and Julius Caesar
Anglo-Saxon Period
English people) feature: alliteration, metaphors and understatements. 诗中的英雄贝奥武甫杀巨魔 、斗毒龙，并在征服这些自 然界恶势力的过程中为民捐 躯。它的背景和情节是北欧 的，但掺有基督教成分，显 示出史诗曾几经修改，已非 原貌。 按照保存在一部10世纪的 手抄本里的版本来看，诗的 结构完整，写法生动，所用 的头韵、重读字和代称体现 了古英语诗歌的特色。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Tasks for students
• Tell the story of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight in your own words.
• Hints…
• author is anonymous
• written c. 1400 in Middle English
• Contents: love chivalry religion
Review: Characteristics of the Epic Poem 1. An epic poem is a long, highly-stylized narrative poem… 2. that recounts the exploits of its main character – the epic hero. 3. Because most epic poetry originated as sung or spoken
verse, it is rigidly metered and rhymed.
• Categories:
The matter of France: Charlemagne the Great
and Roland, Chanson de Roland.
The matter of Rome: Alexander the Great and the siege of Troy.
大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流
可以互相讨论下，但要小inition: A tale in verse, embodying the life and adventures of knights, reflecting the spirit of chivalry, i.e, the quality and ideal of knight conduct.
英语专业英国文学史课件Sir Gawain and the GreenKnight
• What are the features of Chinese culture at that time?
Historical Background
• 1066: King Harold ---Duke William of Normandy.
The Green Knight
Sir Gawain’s main opposition in the story. He is a richly decorated knight, who has green skin and hair.
King Arthur
The king of Camelot. Uncle of Sir Gawain. It is at his celebration feast that the Green Knight challenges the court to a game.
Religious Literature
• Emphasis: the moral and spiritual responsibilities
of the individual
• Themes: homiletic paraphrases of the Gospels; re-
iteration of the Christian doctrine of the terrors of the Last Judgement; lyrics for the Christ or the Virgin Mary.
–Arthurian romance poetry/courtly love poetry
–medieval alliterative poetry
–epic poetry
Major Characters
Sir Gawain
The story’s
protagonist. A loyal knight to King Arthur, as well as his nephew. Gawain goes on his quest to meet the Green Knight in order to uphold his knightly values.
• Written in long alliterative lines with the
rhyme scheme of ababa, in 101 stanzas
• important in literature because it represents all of the following significant poetic genres:
Historical Background
• The development of feudalism
• Knight: it originally meant
no more than a household servant, living in the lord’s hall and to serve him in war, and when necessary, to fight for the king. Later, the great barons gave land to knights on condition that they should be ready to fight when called upon.
Historical Background
• Churches: political power & religious authority
• Conflicts: serfs and the peasants against feudal lords
• Languages: Latin, French and English
The matter of Britain: Arthurian legends, Sir Gawain, Launcelot, Merlin, the quest for the Holy Grail, the death of King Arthur.
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight