建筑工程专业英语12Construction Surveying
建筑工程专业英语-吴承霞版考试资料
1.Construction engineering is a specialized branch of civil engineering concerned with thepianning ,execution,andcontrol of construction operations for various projects.planning consists of scheduling the work to be done and selecting the most suitable construction methods and equipment for the project .execution requires the timely mobilization of all drawings,layouts,and materials on the job to prevent delays to the work.control consists analyzing progress and cost to ensure that the project will be done on schedules and within the estimated cost.（一单）建筑工程是土木工程的一个分支，涉及项目的计划、实施和施工控制。
计划包括安排项目工程进度，选择适当的施工方法和设备。
实施则是要求及时筹备所有的图纸、布置和施工原料以防止工作延期。
控制包括进度和成本分析，以保证项目能按计划进行，并控制成本消耗在预期范围内。
2.Construction operations are generally classified according to specialized fields. These include preparation of the projectsite, earthmoving, foundation treatment, construction of load-carrying frame and electrical and mechanical installations.However, the relative importance of each field is not the same in all cases[5施工程序通常根据工种不同来分类，包括现场准备、挖运土方、地基处理、主体结构施工以及电器和机械安装，但是每个工种的相对重要性在各种情况下并不总是相同的。
建筑工程类专业词汇
建筑工程类专业词汇to build, to construct 建设,建筑,修建architecture 建筑学building 修筑,建筑物house 房子skyscraper 摩天大楼block of flats 公寓楼(美作:apartment block) monument 纪念碑palace 宫殿temple 庙宇basilica 皇宫,教堂cathedral 大教堂church 教堂tower 塔,塔楼ten-storey office block 十层办公大楼column 柱colonnade 柱列arch 拱town planning 市政(美作:city planning)building permission 营建许可证,建筑开工许可证greenbelt 绿地elevation 建筑物的三面图plan 设计图scale 比例尺to prefabricate 预制excavation 挖土,掘土foundations 基to lay the foundations 打地基course of bricks 砌好的砖列scaffold 脚手架scaffolding 脚手架质量合格证书certification of fitness原材料raw material底板bottom plate垫层cushion侧壁sidewall中心线center line条形基础strip footing附件accessories型钢profile steel钢板steel plate熔渣slag飞溅welding spatter定位焊tacking引弧generating of arc熄弧quenching of arc焊道welding bead坡口beveled edges外观检查visual inspection重皮doubleskin水平方向弧度radian in horizontal direction成型molding直线度straightness accuracy焊缝角变形welding line angular distortion水平度levelness铅垂度verticality翘曲变形buckling deformation角尺angle square对接焊缝butt weld母材parent metal法兰密封面flange sealing surface夹层interlayer表面锈蚀浓度surface corrosion concentration挠曲变bending deformation超声波探伤ultrasonic testing/ ultrasonic examination 压力容器pressure vessel预制下料prefabrication baiting排版直径set-type diameter焊缝welding line中幅板? center plate测量方法measuring method基准点datum mark跳焊skip welding允许偏差allowable variation补强板stiffening plate开孔tapping对接接头banjo fixing butt jointing角钢angle iron安装基准圆installation fundamental circle吊装立柱hoisting upright column焊接钢管welded steel pipe向心斜拉筋centripetal canting pull rope带板band plate槽钢胀圈channel steel expansion ring环口collar extension局部变形local distortion环缝circumferential weld顶板top plate拱顶vault顶板加强肋stiffening rib对接butt joint胎具clamping fixture卷板机plate bending rolls中心支架center bearing bracket椭圆度ovality等分线bisectrix搭接宽度lap width点焊spot welding搭接焊overlap welding对称：symmetrically螺旋爬梯cockle stairs放料阀baiting valve液位计content gauge充水试验filling water test错边量unfitness of butt joint底圈foundation ring真空度检漏vacuum degree leak test丁字焊缝tee welding渗透探伤oil whiting test充水试验filling water test内侧角焊缝接头interior angle welding line joint foundation settlement 基础沉降测量基准点datum mark稳定性试验stability test排气阀outlet valve角钢angle steel构件component part机械损伤mechanical damage缩孔shrinkage cavityenfoldment 折迭碳钢管carbon steel tube公称直径nominal diameter预埋件embedded part轴测图axonometric drawing布置图arrangement diagram氧乙炔气割oxyacetylene gas cutting低合金钢管low alloy steel热影响区heat affected area修磨polish砂轮片grinding wheel等离子plasma panel重皮coldlap凹凸unevenness缩口necking down端面head face倾斜偏差dip deviation外径external diameter砂轮grinding wheel管件pipe casting单线图single line drawing平齐parallel and level两端two terminals满扣buckle螺栓紧固bolton周边periphery附加应力additional stress同轴度axiality平行度parallelism随机stochastic允许偏差allowable variation重直度verticality水平度levelness隔离盲板blind plate氩弧焊argon arc welding压盖螺栓gland bolt间距spacing有效期period of validity担任take charge of undertake焊条welding rod碳钢焊条carbon steel焊丝welding wire熔化焊melting钢丝steel wire气体保护焊gas shielded arc welding 烘干drying清洗ablution制度system焊接工艺welding procedure相应corresponding手工电弧焊manual electric arc welding 手工钨极manual tungsten electrode打底render电源power source交流alternating current焊件weldment管壁厚度pipe thickness对接焊缝butt weld工件壁厚workpiece飞溅物splash沾污smirch油污oil stain细锉smooth file铣刀milling cutter氧化膜oxide film脱脂处理ungrease treatment]棉质纤维cotton fibre丙酮acetone硫sulfur焊剂welding flux钢板steel plate纵向焊缝longitudinal weld longitudinal seam 筒节shell ring封头end socket卷管reelpipe强度试验strength test起弧arc starting穿堂风draught熔合fusion反面reverse side整体integral封堵block up焊口weld bond医用胶布medical proof fabric高频high frequency焊炬welding torch送气air supply电流衰减装置current attenuation气体延时保护装置time delay熄弧quenching of arc成型molding钢印代号steel seal质量分析quality analysis负责人principal审批examine and approve补焊工艺repair welding压缩机compression pump平焊法兰welded flange测试流程图test flow chart加固措施reinforcement measure校验verify升压boost pressure读数off scale reading满刻度值ull-scale value盲板blind plate压力表pressure meter强度intensity目测eye survey半径radius公式formula管路pipeline严密性leakproofness导电膏conductive paste压接compression joint地上连接overground埋深buried depth接地线earth wire说明description分线盒junction box接地装置earthing deivce交叉across塑料保护管protection tube塑料带plastic tape防腐处理preservative treatment接地极earthing pole接地电阻测试earth resistance防雷接地lightning protection遵守comply with避雷网lightning conduction引下线down lead搭接焊overlap welding避雷针lightning rod镀锌制品zinc coating断接卡breaking of contact电阻resistance配电装置power distribution equipment集中接地装置centralized串联cascade connection干线联接main line并列paratactic单独solely机组machine set电力复合脂electric force compounded grease电缆敷设cable laying电缆槽架cable channel主干线trunk line弯头angle fitting剥落处exfoliation银粉aluminum powder支持点support point拆装disassembly and assembly畅通smooth电压等级electric pressure通断实验onoff终端头terminals余度remaining标记牌notice plate表册statistical forms电缆桥架cable testing bridge电机electric machine相对湿度relative humidity杂物sundries耐压试验withstand voltage test照明器具ligthing paraphernalia铭牌nameplate验收规范acceptance specification 接线wire splice试运test run进线口incoming line带电electrified盘车转子jigger rotor二次回路secondary circuit中心线center line触头contactor配电power distribution成套whole set楼板floor slab备件duplicate part包装packing器材equipment导线conducting wire脱落fall off规范specification电器electrical appliance断路器line breaker机械联锁mechanical interlocking 碰撞collision轻便portable综合分析判断comprehensive analysis and judgement变压器transformer抽芯loose core/过道aisle三相电容three phase capacitance芯棒core rod都市规划与土地开发Urban g and Land Development社区开发及工业区开发Community Development and Industry Park Development 开发许可申请Development Permit土地使用变更计划Land Use Rezoning Plan主要计划及细部计划Master Plan and Detail Plan都市计划更新计划Urban Renewal Plan都市设施Urban Design建筑设施Architecture Design大地工程Geotechnical Engineering工址调查Site Investigation现地试验与室内试验In-Situ and Laboratory Test基础工程Foundation Design深开挖工程及建物保护Deep Excavation and Building Protection新生地及软弱地层改良Reclamation and Soft Ground Improvement山坡地开发与水土保持Slope land Development, Soil and Water Conservation潜盾隧道与岩石隧道Shield Tunnel and Rock Tunnel大地工程施工顾问Geotechnical Construction Consultant土壤材料试验Soil and Material结构工程Structural Engineering各类钢筋混凝土、预力混凝土、钢结构及钢骨钢筋混凝土结构Structures of R.C., Prestressed Concrete, Steel, and SRC桥梁、高层建筑、地下结构物、隧道、深开挖挡土结构Bridges, High-Rise Buildings, Underground Structures, Tunnels, Retaining Structures for Deep Excavations桥梁安全检测、评估及维修补强Bridge Inspection, Assessment, and Rehabilitation 钢结构细部设计及制造图Steel Structural Detail Design and Shop Drawings厂房工程Industrial Plant工业厂房--石化工厂、钢厂、电厂、气体厂、科技工业厂房、一般性厂房Industrial Plants--Petroleum and Chemical, Steel, Power, Gas, High-Technical and General Plants环保设施工厂--垃圾焚化厂、垃圾掩埋场、污水处理厂及相关管线Environment Protecting Plants--Incineration Plants, Garbage Disposal Plants, Waste Water Treatment Plants and Piping System设备支撑结构、管架、操作平台Equipment Supporting Structures, Pipe Racks, Operating Platforms设备基础Equipment Foundations厂区一般土木及公共设施General Civil Works and Utilities of Plants运输工程Transportation Engineering运输规划Transportation Planning铁路、捷运、高铁路线、车站及机厂工程高速公路工程及一般道路工程停车场设施工程规划、设计Engineering Planning & Design for Parking Facilities 交通维持计划Traffic Control & Management during Construction机场跑道及航站工程水利及港湾工程Hydraulic and Harbor Engineering营建管理Construction Management估价及工程预算制作Estimates and Engineering Budget Works营建管理Construction Management工程监造Construction Supervision施工计划Construction Plan工程进度控管Schedule Control during Construction施工规划Construction Specifications环境工程Environmental Engineering环境影响评估Environment Impact Assessment环境监测Environmental Monitoring地下水监测系统Groundwater Monitoring污水处理厂Wastewater Treatment Plant污水下水道Sewage System噪音振动防治Noise and Vibration垃圾焚化厂兴建工程Waste Incinerator废弃物处理系统工程Waste Treatment & Disposal共同管道Common Ducts管道及附属设施之规划设计Planning and Design of Common Ducts Structures and Subsidiary Facilities经济效益分析Economic and Efficiency Analysis财务评估Financial Evaluation管理维护办法及组织订定Regulation for the Management, Maintenance and Organization第一节一般术语1. 工程结构building and civil engineering structures房屋建筑和土木工程的建筑物、构筑物及其相关组成部分的总称。
土建英语词汇
土建英语词汇土建英语词汇Civil English Glossary一、设计专业工艺（专业）：process design/engineering系统（专业）：systems engineering设备（专业）：equipment engineering布置（专业）：plant layout engineering管道设计（专业）：piping design管道机械（专业）：piping mechanical engineering仪表（专业）：instruments engineering电气（专业）：electrical engineering建筑（专业）：architectural土建（专业）：civil engineering设计阶段：engineering phase基础工程设计阶段：basic engineering phase详细工程设计阶段：detailed engineering phase二、图纸扬子石化—巴斯夫有限责任公司BASF-YPC Company Limited一体化石化项目—中国，南京IPS PROJECT—NANJING，CHINA中国石化洛阳石油化工工程公司：SINOPEC LUOY ANG PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING CORP. 中海壳牌南海石化项目：CSPC NANHAI PETROCHEMICALS PROJECT丽东芳烃项目：LIDONG AROMATICS COMPLEX PROJECT 冷却塔（南区）：COOLING TOWERS （SOUTH）施工图纸：working drawing,construction drawing工艺装置：process unit工艺流程图：process flow diagram [PED] 装置布置图：plot plan会签：inter discipline check图号：DWG NO.资质等级grade of qualification设计：designed by校对：checked by审核：supervisor附注：notes图例：legend剖面：section平面图：layout plan立面图：elevation结构布置图：structure plan配筋图：reinforcing plan模板图：form plan三、结构基础：foundation基础梁：foundation beam桩基础：pile foundation桩承台：pile capping打桩机：pile driver振动打桩机：vibratory driver打桩：pile drivingZ2101泵吸水池详图：pump basin detail forZ2101冷却塔水池：Cooling tower basin池壁：wall伸缩缝：expansion and contraction joint 底板：bottom slab水池顶板：basin top slab风机基础详图：fan foundation detail现浇墙板：cast-in-place wall panel预制墙板：pre-cast wall panel钢筋混凝土框架：reinforced concrete frame钢筋混凝土柱：reinforced concrete column牛腿：bracket钢筋混凝土现浇板：cast-in-place reinforced concrete slab地下管道：underground trench斜梁：stringer平台梁：beams of platform悬臂梁：cantilever beam女儿墙：parapet人孔盖板：manhole cover集水坑；catchment pit溢流槽：flood relief channel爬梯：ladderpretensioned spun concrete piles先张法预应力混凝土管桩四、材料预埋件embedded plate钢板steel plate钢圆环：steel ring plate雨水篦子板：rain water grating钢筋reinforcing bar热轧光圆钢筋：hot rolled plain steel bars 热轧带肋钢筋：hot rolled ribbed steel bars I 级：grade I插筋：anchor rebar钢筋锚固长度：bond length of rebars钢筋搭接：bar splicing箍筋：stirrup纵向钢筋：longitudinal bar弯起钢筋，元宝筋：bend bar钢筋间距：rod spacing搭接长度：overlapping length不锈钢栏杆：stainless steel handrail支架：support电缆槽盒支架：cable trench support仪表槽盒支架：instrument trench support 螺母：nut锚栓：anchor boltM30六角螺帽：M30 six angle screw cap 外露100，丝扣80：outcrop 100, thread 80 地脚螺栓，基础螺栓：foundation bolt 垫片：washer间隔布置：interval set早强剂：early-strength admixture防冻附加剂：antifreeze admixture混凝土：C40 concrete: class：40细石混凝土：fine aggregate concrete配合比：mixture ratio抗渗等级：P8 seepage class:：P8抗压强度：compression strength混凝土保护层厚度：minimum concrete cover 砂：sand卵石：pebble碎石：crushed stone砾石：gravel骨料：aggregate水泥：cement普通硅酸盐水泥：ordinary portland cement粘土砖：clay brick垫层：cushion装饰工程（抹灰、涂料、刷浆）1：2水泥砂浆20厚：1：2 cenment mortar thickness 20mm 找平层：leveling blacket抹灰：plastering抹平，找平：screeding抹光，压光：trowel finish抹子：trowel抹灰底层：rendering coat抹灰罩面层：setting coat灌缝：grout填料：filling收水器：drift eliminator工艺管道：process pipe套管：pipe sleeve壁厚：wall thickness翼环：plate ring石棉水泥：asbestos cement油麻：oil-- hemp橡胶止水带：rubber water stop密封胶：joint sealant填缝板：joint filler沥青涂层：asphalt coating镀锌铁皮：galvanized iron sheet五、测量轴线：axes坐标：coordinate标高：elevation; datum mark中心标高：center elevation相对标高：relative elevation绝对标高：absolute elevation平面控制：plane control高程控制：elevation control经纬仪：transit水准仪：surveyor’s level水准点：bench mark基准点，标高：datum mark坐标控制点：the coordinate control points 测杆：surveying rod钢卷尺：steel tape六、项目管理项目经理：Project Manager设计经理：Engineering Manager施工经理：Construction ManagerQA/QC经理：QA/QC ManagerHSE经理：HSE Manager采购经理：Procurement Manager控制经理：Control Manager承包商: contractor分包商: Subcontractor分包合同：subcontract项目计划：project plan（项目）设计计划：(project) engineering plan （项目）采购计划：(project) procurement plan （项目）施工计划：(project) construction plan （项目）开车计划：(project) start-up plan 项目主进度计划：project master schedule详细进度计划：detailed schedule进度控制：schedule control; progress control进度提前：ahead of schedule进度拖延：schedule delay开车：start-up试车：commissioning投料试车：start-up; test run; initial operations 用户验收，装置验收：client acceptance; plant acceptance七、招标、投标、合同投标书: Form of Bid签署人：Signed by投标文件：The Bid Documents商务标：confidential commercial bid技术标：Technical Bid报价表：Cost Breakdown Sheet投标确认书：Form of acknowlegement投标邀请函（招标文件）：ITB Documents投标邀请函:invitation to bid第一部分(节) : sectionⅠ.给投标人的指令：instru ction to bidder section Ⅱ.合同协议书（草案）：contract agreement(draft)section Ⅲ.合同条件：conditions of contractsection Ⅳ.合同附件：Appendix for the contract投标保函：bid bond履约保函：performance bind履约担保书：performance bank guarantee授权委托书：power of attorney委托代理人（被授权人）：Signature of Attorney 法定代表人（授权人）：Signature of legal representative合同生效日期：effective date of the contract。
建筑工程专业 英语
建筑工程专业英语词汇（1）建筑工程专业英语词汇（2）建设,建筑,修建 to build, to construct 充水试验 filling water test 建筑学 architecture 错边量 unfitness of butt joint 修筑,建筑物 building 底圈 foundation ring 房子 house 真空度检漏vacuum degree leak test 摩天大楼 skyscraper 公寓楼 block of flats (美作:apartment 丁字焊缝 tee welding block) 渗透探伤 oil whiting test 纪念碑 monument 充水试验 filling water test 宫殿 palace 内侧角焊缝接头 interior angle welding line 庙宇 temple joint 皇宫,教堂basilica 基础沉降 foundation settlement 大教堂 cathedral 测量基准点 datum mark 教堂 church 稳定性试验 stability test 塔,塔楼tower 排气阀 outlet valve 十层办公大楼 ten-storey office block 角钢angle steel 柱 column 构件 component part 柱列 colonnade 机械损伤 mechanical damage 拱 arch 缩孔 shrinkage cavity 市政 town planning (美作:city planning) 折迭 enfoldment 营建许可证,建筑开工许可证 building 碳钢管 carbon steel tube permission 公称直径 nominal diameter 绿地 greenbelt 预埋件 embedded part 建筑物的三面图elevation 轴测图axonometric drawing 设计图plan 布置图arrangement diagram 比例尺scale 氧乙炔气割oxyacetylene gas cutting 预制 to prefabricate 低合金钢管 low alloy steel 挖土,掘土excavation 热影响区 heat affected area 基 foundations, base, subgrade修磨 polish 打地基 to lay the foundations 砂轮片 grinding wheel 砌好的砖列course of bricks 等离子plasma panel 脚手架scaffold,scaffolding 质量合格证书 certification of fitness 重皮 coldlap 原材料raw material 凹凸unevenness 底板bottom plate 缩口necking down 垫层 cushion 端面 head face 侧壁 sidewall 倾斜偏差 dip deviation 中心线 center line 外径 external diameter 条形基础 strip footing 砂轮 grinding wheel 附件 accessories 管件 pipe casting 型钢profile steel 单线图single line drawing 钢板steel plate 平齐parallel and level 熔渣 slag 两端 two terminals 飞溅 welding spatter满扣 buckle 定位焊 tacking 螺栓紧固 bolton 引弧 generating of arc 1周边 periphery 熄弧 quenching of arc 焊道 welding bead 附加应力 additional stress 坡口 beveled edges 同轴度 axiality 外观检查 visual inspection 平行度 parallelism 重皮 double-skin 随机stochastic 水平方向弧度radian in horizontal 允许偏差allowable variation direction 重直度verticality 成型 molding 水平度 levelness 直线度 straightness accuracy 隔离盲板 blind plate 焊缝角变形welding line angular 氩弧焊argon arc welding distortion 压盖螺栓 gland bolt 水平度 levelness 间距spacing 铅垂度 verticality 有效期 period of validity 翘曲变形 buckling deformation 担任 take charge of undertake 角尺angle square 焊条 welding rod 对接焊缝 butt weld 碳钢焊条carbon steel 母材 parent metal 焊丝 welding wire 法兰密封面 flange sealing surface 熔化焊 melting 夹层 interlayer 钢丝steel wire 表面锈蚀浓度surface corrosion 气体保护焊gas shielded arc welding concentration 烘干drying 挠曲变bending deformation 清洗ablution 超声波探伤ultrasonic testing/ ultrasonic 制度s ystem examination 焊接工艺welding procedure 压力容器 pressure vessel 相应 corresponding 预制下料prefabrication baiting 手工电弧焊manual electric arc welding 排版直径 set-type diameter 焊缝 welding line 手工钨极manual tungsten electrode 中幅板center plate 打底render 测量方法 measuring method 电源 power source 基准点 datum mark 交流 alternating current 跳焊 skip welding焊件 weldment 允许偏差 allowable variation 管壁厚度 pipe thickness 补强板 stiffening plate 对接焊缝 butt weld 开孔tapping 工件壁厚workpiece 对接接头banjo fixing butt jointing 飞溅物 splash 角钢 angle iron 沾污 smirch 安装基准圆 installation fundamental 油污 oil stain circle 细锉 smooth file 吊装立柱 hoisting upright column 铣刀 milling cutter 焊接钢管welded steel pipe 氧化膜oxide film 向心斜拉筋centripetal canting pull rope 脱脂处理 ungrease treatment] 带板 band plate 棉质纤维 cotton fibre 槽钢胀圈 channel steel expansion ring 丙酮 acetone 环口 collar extension 硫 sulfur 局部变形 local distortion 2焊剂 welding flux 环缝 circumferential weld 顶板 top plate钢板steel plate 拱顶vault 纵向焊缝longitudinal weld longitudinal seam 顶板加强肋stiffening rib 筒节shell ring 对接 butt joint 封头 end socket 胎具 clamping fixture 卷管reelpipe 卷板机plate bending rolls 强度试验strength test 中心支架center bearing bracket 起弧arc starting 椭圆度ovality 穿堂风 draught 等分线 bisectrix 熔合 fusion 搭接宽度 lap width 反面 reverse side 点焊 spot welding 整体 integral 搭接焊 overlap welding 封堵 block up 对称 symmetrically 焊口 weld bond 螺旋爬梯 cockle stairs 医用胶布 medical proof fabric 放料阀 baiting valve 高频 high frequency 液位计content gauge 焊炬 welding torch 芬兰维萨拉 Vailsla OY 美国美科"Met-coil, USA" 建筑工程专业英语词汇翻译(4) 集中式空调系统 centralized air conditioning system 综合分析判断 comprehensive analysis and 裙房 annex judgement 热源heat source 变压器transformer 平面位置的空间space of planimetric 抽芯loose core position 过道aisle 密封性能sealing performance 三相电容three phase capacitance 机房machine room 节点 timing 芯棒 core rod 专业 "profession or discipline 都可以,要都市规划与土地开发Urban g and Land 根据上下文" Development 连体法兰 coupling flange 社区开发及工业区开发垂直井笼vertical well cage Community Development and Industry Park 变风量variable air rateDevelopment 施工面展开 construction unfolds 开发许可申请Development Permit 违约行为 noncompliance 土地使用变更计划 Land Use Rezoning Plan 合同交底- contract presentation 主要计划及细部计划Master Plan and Detail 管理承包商Management Contractor Plan party 都市计划更新计划 Urban Renewal Plan 工程量work amount 都市设施Urban Design 实施的形象进度progress of 建筑设施Architecture Design implementation 大地工程 Geotechnical Engineering 完工资料as-built documentation 工址调查 Site Investigation 文整 clear-up 现地试验与室内试验In-Situ and Laboratory 审核review Test 汽车式起重机Autocrane 基础工程Foundation Design 深化图纸 deepen drawing 3深开挖工程及建物保护Deep Excavation and 设备配置计划equipment furnishment plan Building Protection 结构预埋配合阶段Structure 新生地及软弱地层改良Reclamation and Soft pre-embedment assistance Ground Improvement stage 山坡地开发与水土保持Slope land 精装修阶段Fine fitment stage Development, Soil and Water Conservation 工程施工阶段Construction stage 潜盾隧道与岩石隧道Shield Tunnel and Rock 工程竣工阶段 Completion stage Tunnel 台钻 Bench drill 大地工程施工顾问Geotechnical Construction 冲击钻Churn drill Consultant 手电钻 Electric portable drill 土壤材料试验 Soil andMaterial 砂轮切割机Abrasive cutting off machine 结构工程Structural Engineering 角钢卷圆机 Angle iron rolling machine 各类钢筋混凝土、预力混凝土、钢结构及钢管道切断器Pipe cutting machine 骨钢筋混凝土结构 Structures of R.C., 铜管调直机 Copper pipe straightening Prestressed Concrete, Steel, and SRC machine 桥梁、高层建筑、地下结构物、隧道、深开管道压槽机Book joint setting machine 挖挡土结构Bridges, High-Rise Buildings, for pipes Underground Structures, Tunnels, Retaining 管道压槽机Book joint setting machine Structures for Deep Excavations for pipes 桥梁安全检测、评估及维修补强Bridge 角向磨光机 Angle polishing machine Inspection, Assessment, and Rehabilitation 电动套丝机 Electric threading machine 钢结构细部设计及制造图Steel Structural 电动卷扬机Electric winch Detail Design and Shop Drawings 电动试压泵Motor-driven pressure test 厂房工程 Industrial Plant pump 工业厂房-石化工厂、钢厂、电厂、气体厂、手动试压泵 Manual pressure test pump科技工业厂房、一般性厂房Industrial 阀门试压机Valve pressure test device 阀门试压机Valve pressure test device Plants--Petroleum and Chemical, Steel, Power, TDC(F)风管加工流水线TDC(F)air Gas, High-Technical and General Plants ductwork fabrication 环保设施工厂-垃圾焚化厂、垃圾掩埋场、污stream line 水处理厂及相关管线Environment Protecting等离子切割机 Plasma cutting machine Plants--Incineration Plants, Garbage Disposal TDC(F)法兰条成型机 TDC(F) flange Plants, Waste Water Treatment Plants and strip shaping mill Piping System 勾码成型机 Forming machine for flange 设备支撑结构、管架、操作平台 Equipment clamp Supporting Structures, Pipe Racks, Operating TDC(F)风管加工成型机 TDC(F) duct Platforms fabrication shaping mill 设备基础 Equipment Foundations 多普勒超声波流量检测仪Doppler 厂区一般土木及公共设施General Civil ultrasonic flow detector Works and Utilities of Plants 温、湿度传感器"Temperature, humidity 运输工程Transportation Engineering senor" 运输规划 Transportation Planning 精密声级计Precision sound level meter 停车场设施工程规划、设计Engineering 风管漏风量测试仪、风室式漏风测试装 Planning& Design for Parking Facilities 置 "Duct air leakage 建筑交通维持计划 Traffic Control & tester, airchamber air leakage testing 4Management during Construction device" 风罩式风量测试仪 Air hood air rate 水利及港湾工程 Hydraulic and Harbor tester Engineering 微压计、毕托管、热球（电）风速仪营建管理Construction Management "Micromanometer , 估价及工程预算制作 Estimates and pitot tube, hot bulb(electrical) Engineering Budget Works anemoscope" 营建管理 Construction Management 潜水泵 Submerged pump 工程监造 Construction Supervision 电动弯管机 Electric pipe bender 施工计划 Construction Plan 铜管弯管机 Copper pipe bender 工程进度控管 Schedule Control during 液压弯管机Hydraulic pipe bender Construction 电动剪刀Electric clipper 施工规划 Construction Specifications 液压铆钉钳Hydraulic riveting clamp 环境工程Environmental Engineering 线槽电锯 Trunking electric saw 环境影响评估 Environment Impact 开孔器Tapper Assessment 电动空压机Electric air compressor 环境监测 Environmental Monitoring 液压千斤顶Hydraulic jack 地下水监测系统 Groundwater Monitoring 液压手推车Hydraulic trolley 污水处理厂Wastewater Treatment Plant 焊条烘干箱Welding rod drying box 污水下水道Sewage System 手拉葫芦Chain block 噪音振动防治Noise and Vibration 道（垫）木 Sleeper 垃圾焚化厂兴建工程 Waste Incinerator 转速表 Tachometer 废弃物处理系统工程 Waste Treatment & 电流钳型表 Clip-style ammeter Disposal 压力表 Pressure gauge 共同管道 Common Ducts 接地电阻测试仪 Earthing resistance 管道及附属设施之规划设计 Planning and testing device Design of Common Ducts Structures and 氧气表 Oxygen gauge 乙炔表Acetylene gauge Subsidiary Facilities 对讲机 Walkie talkie 经济效益分析 Economic and Efficiency 文件和资料 documents and information? Analysis 建设单位 Construction unit 财务评估Financial Evaluation 安装单位 Installation unitz 管理维护办法及组织订定Regulation for the 建筑工程专业英语词汇翻译(3) Management, Maintenance and Organization 送气air supply 电流衰减装置current attenuation 电力复合脂electric force compounded grease 气体延时保护装置time delay 电缆敷设cable laying 熄弧 quenching of arc 电缆槽架 cable channel 成型molding 主干线 trunk line 钢印代号 steel seal 弯头 angle fitting质量分析 quality analysis 剥落处 exfoliation 负责人 principal 银粉 aluminum powder 审批 examine and approve 支持点 supportpoint 补焊工艺 repair welding 拆装 disassembly and assembly 压缩机 compression pump 畅通 smooth 平焊法兰 welded flange 电压等级electric pressure 测试流程图test flow chart 通断实验onoff 5加固措施 reinforcement measure 终端头 terminals 校验 verify余度 remaining 升压 boost pressure 标记牌 notice plate 读数 offscale reading 表册 statistical forms 满刻度值 full-scale value 电缆桥架 cable testing bridge 盲板 blind plate 电机 electric machine压力表 pressure meter 相对湿度 relative humidity 强度 intensity杂物sundries 目测eye survey, visiual inspection 耐压试验withstand voltage test 半径radius 照明器具ligthing paraphernalia 公式 formula 铭牌 nameplate 管路 pipeline 验收规范acceptance specification 严密性leakproofness 接线wiresplice 导电膏 conductive paste 试运 test run 压接 compressionjoint 进线口 incoming line 地上连接 overground 带电 electrified 埋深 buried depth 盘车转子 jigger rotor 接地线 earth wire 二次回路 secondary circuit 说明 description 中心线 center line 分线盒junction box 触头contactor 接地装置earthing deivce 配电power distribution 交叉across 成套whole set 塑料保护管protection tube 楼板 floor slab 塑料带 plastic tape 备件 duplicate part, spare part 防腐处理 preservative treatment 包装 packing 接地极earthing pole 器材equipment 接地电阻测试earth resistance 导线 conducting wire 防雷接地 lightning protection 脱落 fall off 遵守 comply with 规范 specification 避雷网 lightning conduction 电器electrical appliance 引下线down lead 断路器line breaker 搭接焊overlap welding 机械联锁mechanical interlocking 避雷针 lightning rod 碰撞 collision 轻便 portable 镀锌制品zinc coating 断接卡breaking of contact 电阻resistance 配电装置 power distribution equipment 集中接地装置 centralized 串联 cascade connection 干线联接 main line 并列 paratactic 单独 solely 机组 machine set 6。
建筑类专业英语建筑工程
建筑类专业英语建筑工程Building Construction - 英文文章示例With the rapid development of the construction industry, there is an increasing demand for professionals in the field of building construction. As a result, it is crucial for students majoring in architecture to have a strong foundation in English for their future careers. In this article, we will explore the importance of English in building construction and discuss some key terms and concepts related to this field.1. IntroductionBuilding construction is a complex process that requires collaboration between various professionals, including architects, engineers, contractors, and suppliers. Effective communication among these stakeholders is vital to the success of any construction project. With the globalization of the construction industry, the ability to communicate in English has become essential for professionals in this field.2. Importance of English in Building Construction2.1 Cross-Cultural CommunicationEnglish serves as a common language in the global construction industry, enabling professionals from different countries to communicate effectively. Construction projects often involve international stakeholders, such as clients, suppliers, or consultants. Having a good command of English allows architects and engineers to effectively convey their ideas, understand clientrequirements, and collaborate with professionals from different cultural backgrounds.2.2 Access to International ResourcesEnglish is the primary language used in academic research and industry publications. Proficiency in English allows professionals in building construction to access a wealth of knowledge and stay updated with the latest developments in the field. It provides access to international building codes, standards, and regulations, enabling architects and engineers to ensure their designs comply with international best practices.3. Key Terms and Concepts3.1 Structural AnalysisStructural analysis is a fundamental aspect of building construction. It involves calculating the forces and stresses acting on a structure to ensure its stability and durability. English proficiency is crucial in understanding and applying the principles of structural analysis, as well as communicating the results to stakeholders.3.2 Building Information Modeling (BIM)BIM is a digital representation of a building, providing a collaborative platform for project stakeholders to share and store information throughout the construction process. Familiarity with English terminology related to BIM is essential for architects and engineers to effectively utilize BIM software and communicate with other professionals involved in the project.3.3 Construction ManagementConstruction management involves planning, coordinating, and controlling the construction process. English skills are necessary for professionals in this field to communicate with contractors, subcontractors, and workers on site. Clear and accurate communication is crucial to ensure that the project progresses smoothly and that any issues or delays are promptly addressed.4. ConclusionIn conclusion, English proficiency plays a significant role in the success of professionals in the field of building construction. It facilitates effective communication, enables access to international resources, and allows for the understanding and application of key terms and concepts in the industry. As the construction industry continues to grow and become more global, mastering English is becoming increasingly important for students majoring in architecture and related fields. By investing in English language skills, future professionals can enhance their career prospects and contribute to the success of construction projects worldwide.。
建筑工程专业 英语
平焊法兰welded flange
测试流程图test flow chart
加固措施reinforcement measure
校验verify
升压boos度值full-scale value
盲板blind plate
绿地greenbelt
建筑物的三面图elevation
设计图plan
比例尺scale
预制to prefabricate
挖土,掘土excavation
基foundations, base, subgrade
打地基to lay the foundations
砌好的砖列course of bricks
脚手架scaffold, scaffolding
液压千斤顶Hydraulic jack
液压手推车Hydraulic trolley
焊条烘干箱Welding rod drying box
手拉葫芦Chain block
道（垫）木Sleeper
转速表Tachometer
电流钳型表Clip-style ammeter
压力表Pressure gauge
接地电阻测试仪Earthing resistance testing device
铜管调直机Copper pipe straightening machine
管道压槽机Book joint setting machine for pipes
管道压槽机Book joint setting machine for pipes
角向磨光机Angle polishing machine
电动套丝机Electric threading machine
建筑学英语(全修改版!)
01.建筑学序码汉文名英文名注释01.1 总论01.0001 建筑学architecture01.0002 建筑物building01.0003 人体测量学anthropometry01.0004 人体尺寸human dimensions01.0005 人体舒适human comfort01.0006 人类行为human behavior01.0007 [人因]工效学human factor engineering 01.0008 人类群居学ekistics01.0009 环境心理学environmental psychology01.0010 人类生态学human ecology01.0011 建筑功能building function01.0012 建筑类型学building typology01.0013 空间构图space configuration01.0014 领域性territoriality01.0015 建筑经济学building economics01.0016 价值工程学value engineering01.0017 费用效益cost effectiveness01.0018 建筑美学architectural aesthetics01.0019 艺术格调artistic touch01.0020 建筑几何学architectural geometry01.0021 建筑形态学architectural morphology01.0022 建筑形式architectural form01.0023 建筑风格architectural style01.0024 建筑环境architectural environment01.0025 环境艺术environmental art01.0026 建筑文化architectural culture01.0027 建筑文脉architectural context01.0028 建筑符号学architectural semiotics01.0029 模式语言pattern language01.0030 建筑设计方法学architectural designmethodology01.0031 无障碍设计barrier free design01.0032 古建筑保护historical buildingpresvervation01.0033 风水学fengshui01.0034 建筑科学building science01.0035 建筑气候学building climatology01.0036 建筑物理[学]building physics01.0037 建筑光学building optics01.0038 建筑热学building thermodymamics,building thermology01.0039 建筑声学building acoustics 01.0040 太阳能建筑solar building01.0041 建筑工程building engineering01.0042 建筑标准化building standardization01.0043 建筑模数building module01.0044 模数协调modular coordination01.0045 建筑工业化building industrialization01.0046 工业化建筑体系industrialized buildingsystem01.0047 支撑体系support system01.0048 填充体系infill system01.0049 建筑安全building safety01.0050 建筑防灾building disaster prevention01.0051 建筑节能building energy conservation01.0052 减灾学natural disaster prevention01.0053 建筑防火building fire protection01.0054 建筑抗震building aseismicity01.0055 建筑病理building pathology01.0056 健康建筑healthy building01.0057 建筑综合症synthetic buildingsyndrome,SBS01.0058 建筑保安building security01.0059 防卫性空间defensible space01.0060 建筑性能building performance01.0061 建筑评价building evaluation01.0062 社会影响评价social impactassessment,SIA01.0063 环境影响评价environmental impactassessment,EIA01.0064 建筑测量building surveying01.0065 建筑勘探building geotechnics01.0066 工程施工engineering construction01.0067 建筑材料building material01.0068 建筑制品building product01.0069 建筑构造architectural construction01.0070 建筑设备系统building service system01.0071 建筑设备building equipment01.0072 建筑设备安装building equipmentinstallation01.0073 建筑设施building facilities01.0074 建筑设施管理building facilitiesmanagement01.0075 建筑装修building finishing01.0076 室内装饰interior decoration01.0077 建筑壁画mural01.0078 浅浮雕bas-relief01.0079 建筑维护building maintenance01.0080 建筑修缮building repair01.0081 建筑管理building management01.0082 建筑业building industry01.0083 建筑立法building legislation01.0084 建筑史architectural history01.0085 古典建筑classical architecture01.0086 古典柱式classical order01.0087 古埃及建筑Egyptian architecture01.0088 美索不达米亚建筑Mesopotamianarchitecture01.0089 古希腊建筑Greek architecture01.0090 古罗马建筑Roman architecture01.0091 拜占庭建筑Byzantine architecture01.0092 罗曼式建筑Romanesque architecture01.0093 哥特式建筑Gothic architecture01.0094 文艺复兴建筑Renaissance architecture01.0095 巴洛克建筑Baroque architecture01.0096 洛可可建筑Rococo architecture01.0097 伊斯兰建筑Islamic architecture01.0098 新艺术运动Art-nouveau Movement01.0099 现代主义modernism01.0100 国际风格International Style01.0101 后现代主义post-modernism01.0102 功能主义functionalism01.0103 构成主义constructivism01.0104 表现主义expressionism01.0105 手法主义mannerism01.0106 折中主义eclecticism01.0107 结构主义structuralism01.0108 新古典主义neoclassicism01.0109 复古主义revivalism01.0110 民族风格national style01.0111 新理性主义New Rationalism01.0112 批判地方主义critical regionalism01.0113 解构主义deconstruction01.0114 反构成主义Deconstructivism（意思同上）01.0115 粗野主义brutalism01.0116 文脉主义contextualism01.0117 新陈代谢主义metabolism01.0118 高技术建筑high tech architecture01.0119 乡土建筑vernacular architecture01.0120 有机建筑organic architecture01.0121 国际建筑师协会Union of InternationalArchitects, UIA01.0122 亚洲建筑师协会Architects RegionalCouncil Asia, ARCASIA01.0123 中国建筑学会Architectural Society ofChina, ASC01.2 建筑类型及组成01.0124 单层建筑single-story building01.0125 多层建筑multistory building01.0126 高层建筑high rise building，tallbuilding01.0127 超高层建筑super high-rise building,super tall building01.0128 摩天楼skyscraper01.0129 活动房屋mobile house01.0130 建筑队群building group01.0131 裙房podium01.0132 楼层floor01.0133 夹层mezzanine01.0134 底层ground floor01.0135 地下室basement01.0136 半地下室sub-basement01.0137 顶层top floor01.0138 房间room01.0139 走廊corridor01.0140 游廊gallery01.0141 入口entrance01.0142 门斗anteroom01.0143 门厅entrance hall, vestibule01.0144 接待室reception room01.0145 会议室conference room01.0146 值班室janitor's room01.0147 收发室mail/distribution room01.0148 问询处information desk01.0149 衣帽间coat room, cloak room01.0150 开水间water heater room01.0151 卫生间washroom01.0152 厕所toilet01.0153 浴室bathroom01.0154 电话总机房telephone exchange room01.0155 电子计算机房computer room01.0156 广播室broadcasting room01.0157 储藏室storage room01.0158 变电间substation01.0159 锅炉间boiler room01.0160 阳台balcony01.0161 平台terrace01.0162 天井light court01.0163 屋前空地frontage01.0164 居住建筑residential building 01.0165 人居human habitat01.0166 住房housing01.0167 独户住宅single family house01.0168 多户住宅multi-family house01.0169 联排式住宅row house, terrace house01.0170 台阶式住宅stepped house, terracedhouse01.0171 公寓式住宅apartment house01.0172 板式住宅slab block01.0173 点式住宅point block01.0174 跃层式公寓skip-floor apartment01.0175 外廊式公寓exterior-corridor typeapartment01.0176 步行上楼式公寓walk-up apartment01.0177 电梯式公寓elevator apartment01.0178 平房one-story house, bungalow01.0179 农舍cottage01.0180 别墅villa01.0181 庭院式住宅courtyard house01.0182 两层独立公寓marionette01.0183 宿舍dormitory01.0184 青年公寓youth apartment01.0185 老年公寓house for the elderly01.0186 养老院nursing home01.0187 公共活动室common room, communityroom01.0188 卧室bedroom01.0189 起居室living room01.0190 书房study01.0191 餐室dining room01.0192 厨房kitchen01.0193 壁柜wall unit, case unit01.0194 吊柜hanging cabinet01.0195 地窖cellar01.0196 教育建筑educational building01.0197 大学建筑university building01.0198 学院建筑institute building, collegebuilding01.0199 专科学校建筑special college building01.0200 中学建筑secondary school building01.0201 职业学校建筑professional schoolbuilding01.0202 小学建筑elementary school building01.0203 幼儿园kindergarten01.0204 寄宿制托儿所nursery01.0205 全日制托儿所day-care center01.0206 教室classroom01.0207 阶梯教室lecture theater01.0208 电化教室audio-visual classroom01.0209 实验教室laboratory01.0210 美术教室art room01.0211 音乐教室music room01.0212 劳作教室handicraft room01.0213 实验工厂practice workshop01.0214 儿童活动室children's playroom01.0215 哺乳室nursing room01.0216 配乳室milk kitchen01.0217 隔离室isolation room01.0218 学生中心students' center01.0219 游戏场地playground01.0220 黑板blackboard01.0221 讲台forum01.0222 文化建筑cultural building01.0223 图书馆library01.0224 博物馆museum01.0225 科技馆science museum01.0226 美术馆art museum01.0227 画廓gallery01.0228 文化中心cultural center01.0229 展览馆exhibition hall01.0230 天文馆planetarium01.0231 水族馆aquarium01.0232 自然博物馆natural history museum01.0233 青年中心youth center01.0234 妇女中心women's center01.0235 陈列室display room01.0236 展览室exhibition room01.0237 阅览室reading room01.0238 阅览间reading carrel01.0239 微缩图书阅览室microfilm reading room01.0240 善本图书阅览室rare books readingroom01.0241 文献资料阅览室reference literatureroom01.0242 目录厅catalogue room01.0243 出纳处lending department01.0244 编目室cataloging room01.0245 鉴定室authentication room01.0246 研究室research room01.0247 复印室copying room01.0248 装订室binding room01.0249 书库stack room01.0250 开架管理open stack management01.0251 闭架管理closed stack management01.0252 书架book shelf01.0253 展览架display shelf01.0254 体育建筑sport building01.0255 体育场stadium01.0256 室内体育场indoor stadium01.0257 体育馆sports hall01.0258 游泳馆swimming hall, natatorium01.0259 健身房gymnasium01.0260 田径场track field01.0261 足球场football court, soccer court 01.0262 篮球场basketball court01.0263 排球场volleyball court01.0264 手球场handball court01.0265 垒球场softball court01.0266 网球场tennis court01.0267 羽毛球场badminton court01.0268 壁球场squash court01.0269 棒球场baseball field01.0270 射击场shooting range01.0271 射箭场archery01.0272 赛马场race course01.0273 斗牛场bullfighting arena01.0274 自行车赛场velodrome01.0275 滑冰场skating rink01.0276 水上运动场aquatic sport waters01.0277 冰球场ice hockey rink01.0278 曲棍球场hockey field01.0279 高尔夫球场golf course01.0280 跳伞俱乐部parachute club01.0281 保龄球场bowling club01.0282 桑拿浴室sauna bathroom01.0283 按摩室massage room01.0284 练习场warm-up01.0285 看台grandstand01.0286 活动看台movable stand01.0287 裁判席referee's seat01.0288 运动员席sportsman's seat01.0289 固定座位bleacher01.0290 场地field01.0291 跑道track01.0292 跳高场地high jump runway01.0293 跳远场地long jump runway01.0294 三级跳远场地triple jump runway01.0295 撑竿跳高场地pole vault runway 01.0296 标枪投掷区javelin throwing zone01.0297 铅球投掷区hammer throwing zone01.0298 铁饼投掷区discus throwing zone01.0299 障碍赛跑道hurdle race track01.0300 跳水池diving pool01.0301 武术场地martial arts ground01.0302 举重场地weightlifting platform01.0303 摔跤场地wrestling ring01.0304 拳击比赛台boxing ring01.0305 击剑场地fencing area01.0306 游泳池swimming pool01.0307 泳道swimming lane01.0308 跳水台diving platform01.0309 体操台gymnastic floor01.0310 单杠horizontal bar01.0311 双杠parallel bars01.0312 高低杠uneven parallel bars01.0313 吊环rings01.0314 鞍马vaulting horse01.0315 跳马pommel horse01.0316 自由体操free exercise01.0317 平衡木balancing beam01.0318 篮球架backboard01.0319 球门goal01.0320 记分牌scoreboard01.0321 跳伞塔parachuting tower01.0322 观演建筑theatrical building01.0323 剧院theater, playhouse01.0324 表演艺术中心performing arts center01.0325 歌剧院opera house01.0326 芭蕾舞剧院ballet theater01.0327 京剧院Beijing opera theater01.0328 木偶剧院puppet play theater01.0329 露天剧场open air theater,amphitheater01.0330 话剧院drama theater01.0331 实验剧场experimental theater01.0332 电影院cinema, movie theater01.0333 全景电影院panoramic cinema01.0334 立体电影院stereophonic cinema01.0335 汽车影院drive-in theater01.0336 音乐厅concert hall01.0337 交响乐厅symphony hall01.0338 独唱独奏厅recital hall01.0339 观众厅auditorium01.0340 座席容量seating capacity01.0341 多用途观众厅multiuse auditorium01.0342 多媒体演出multimedia performance01.0343 地面升起raked floor01.0344 视线sight line01.0345 排距row spacing01.0346 错排座席staggered seating01.0347 纵过道longitudinal aisle01.0348 横过道transverse aisle01.0349 天花反射板ceiling reflector01.0350 池座层orchestra level01.0351 池座前排stall01.0352 楼层挑台balcony01.0353 楼面层tier01.0354 包厢box01.0355 迟到席late-comers' seat01.0356 舞台stage01.0357 箱形舞台proscenium frame stage01.0358 旋转舞台revolving stage01.0359 凸出舞台thrust stage01.0360 中心舞台arena stage01.0361 活动舞台flexible stage01.0362 基本台main stage01.0363 侧台side stage01.0364 转台turntable01.0365 升降台elevating stage, stage lift01.0366 车台wagon stage01.0367 表演区acting area01.0368 乐池orchestra pit01.0369 台唇apron, forestage01.0370 台口proscenium01.0371 假台口 false proscenium, adjustableproscenium01.0372 大幕front curtain, house tabs01.0373 防火幕fire curtain01.0374 天幕cyclorama01.0375 边幕wing sets01.0376 声罩acoustic shell01.0377 布景stage scenery01.0378 道具stage property, prop01.0379 银幕film screen01.0380 宽银幕wide film screen01.0381 立体银幕cinemascope screen01.0382 天桥fly gallery01.0383 灯光渡桥traveling lighting gallery01.0384 舞台塔fly tower01.0385 舞台吊杆fly bar01.0386 手动吊杆hand-driven batten01.0387 电动吊杆motorized winch batten01.0388 单式吊杆single purchase counterweightbatten01.0389 复式吊杆double purchase counterweightbatten01.0390 排烟窗vent window01.0391 舞台灯光stage lighting01.0392 耳光wall-slot lighting01.0393 面光front lighting01.0394 侧光side lighting01.0395 放映室projection booth, projectionroom01.0396 放映孔projection port01.0397 观察窗observation port01.0398 后台back stage01.0399 化妆室dressing room, make-up room01.0400 排练厅rehearsal room01.0401 演员休息室green room01.0402 舞台监督室stage manager's room01.0403 灯光控制室light control room01.0404 音响控制室sound control room01.0405 前厅foyer01.0406 售票处box office01.0407 疏散出口emergency exit01.0408 娱乐建筑recreation building01.0409 娱乐中心recreation center01.0410 舞厅ballroom01.0411 俱乐部clubhouse01.0412 夜总会night club01.0413 舞池dancing floor01.0414 医疗卫生建筑medical building01.0415 医院hospital01.0416 综合医院general hospital01.0417 精神医院mental health hospital01.0418 口腔医院dental hospital01.0419 妇科医院gynecologic hospital01.0420 妇产医院obstetric hospital01.0421 儿科医院pediatric hospital01.0422 传染医院contagious disease hospital01.0423 肿瘤医院tumor hospital01.0424 眼科医院ophthalmologic hospital01.0425 疗养院sanatorium01.0426 急救中心emergency care center01.0427 康复中心rehabilitation center01.0428 中医院traditional Chinese medicalhospital01.0429 医疗站medical station01.0430 卫生所health center01.0431 防疫站health and quarantine station01.0432 门诊部outpatient department01.0433 急诊部emergency department01.0434 治疗部examination-treatment center01.0435 理疗部therapeutic department01.0436 化疗部chemical treatment department01.0437 手术部operation department, surgicalsuite01.0438 针灸部acupuncture department01.0439 放射部radioactive department01.0440 分娩部delivery department01.0441 住院部ward01.0442 同位素室radioisotope unit01.0443 化验室testing laboratory01.0444 挂号处admitting office01.0445 候诊室waiting lounge01.0446 诊室consulting room01.0447 药房pharmacy01.0448 病房patients' room01.0449 隔离病房isolation ward01.0450 阳光室solaria01.0451 营养厨房dietary kitchen01.0452 手术准备室preparation room01.0453 手术消毒室sterilizing room01.0454 麻醉室anesthesia room01.0455 手术洗涤室scrub-up01.0456 停尸房mortuary01.0457 解剖室autopsy room01.0458 中心供应站central supply01.0459 工业建筑industrial building01.0460 火力发电厂steam power station01.0461 选煤厂coal preparation plant01.0462 炼油厂oil refinery01.0463 液化石油气厂liquid petroleum gasplant, LPG plant01.0464 自来水厂water supply andpurification plant01.0465 钢铁厂iron and steel works01.0466 铝厂aluminum factory01.0467 焦化厂coke plant01.0468 机械厂machine making factory01.0469 汽车厂automobile factory01.0470 拖拉机厂tractor factory01.0471 机车车辆厂locomotive and coach wagonfactory01.0472 机床厂machine tool factory01.0473 电机厂electric motor factory01.0474 冷冻机厂refrigerating machine wagon01.0475 锅炉厂boiler making factory01.0476 轴承厂bearing factory01.0477 齿轮厂gear factory01.0478 电镀厂electroplating factory01.0479 电解厂electrolysis factory01.0480 建筑机械厂building equipment factory01.0481 建筑材料厂building material factory01.0482 建筑五金厂building hardware factory01.0483 建筑陶瓷厂building ceramics factory01.0484 水泥厂cement works01.0485 砖瓦厂brick and tile factory01.0486 木材厂woodworking factory01.0487 大理石厂marble factory01.0488 精密仪器厂precision instrumentfactory01.0489 仪器仪表厂instrument and meterfactory01.0490 钟表厂clock and watch factory01.0491 眼镜厂spectacles factory01.0492 化工厂chemical plant01.0493 塑料厂plastics plant01.0494 制药厂pharmaceutical factory01.0495 油漆厂paint factory01.0496 制管厂piping factory01.0497 皮毛加工厂leather factory01.0498 纺织厂textile mill01.0499 针织厂knitting mill01.0500 印染厂dyeing plant01.0501 服装厂tailor shop01.0502 鞋厂shoemaking factory01.0503 工艺美术厂handicraft factory01.0504 印刷厂printing press01.0505 玩具厂toy making factory01.0506 面包厂bakery01.0507 面粉厂flour mill01.0508 食品厂food products factory01.0509 清真食品厂Muslim food productsfactory01.0510 豆制品厂bean products factory01.0511 饮料厂beverage01.0512 酿酒厂winery01.0513 啤酒厂brewery01.0514 屠宰厂butchery01.0515 肉类加工厂meat products factory01.0516 卷烟厂cigarette factory01.0517 茶厂tea factory01.0518 糖厂sugar mill01.0519 厂房factory building01.0520 车间workshop01.0521 堆场storage yard01.0522 原料加工车间raw material handingplant01.0523 冶炼车间smelting shop01.0524 铸造车间casting shop01.0525 锻造车间forging shop01.0526 冲压车间drop forging shop01.0527 焊接车间welding shop01.0528 金工车间machine-cutting shop01.0529 木工车间carpentry shop01.0530 加工车间 processing plant01.0531 装配车间assembly plant01.0532 冷拉车间cold-drawing shop01.0533 热处理车间heat-treatment shop01.0534 电镀车间electroplating shop01.0535 电解车间electrolysis shop01.0536 油漆车间painting shop01.0537 机修车间machine repair shop01.0538 中试车间pilot plant01.0539 烧制车间furnace room01.0540 精密车间precision workshop01.0541 洁净车间dust-proof workshop01.0542 中央试验室central laboratory01.0543 动力站power plant01.0544 锅炉房boiler house01.0545 煤气发生站gas generating station 01.0546 压缩空气站compressed air station 01.0547 氧气站oxygen station01.0548 乙炔站acetylene generating station 01.0549 充电站battery recharge room01.0550 仓库warehouse01.0551 总仓库central warehouse01.0552 成品库final product storage01.0553 装卸站台loading platform01.0554 厂前区administration quarter01.0555 生活间changing room, locker room 01.0556 吊车crane01.0557 汽车地磅truck-weighing platform 01.0558 水塔water tower01.0559 电瓶车库battery car room01.0560 商业建筑commercial building01.0561 百货商店department store01.0562 超级市场supermarket01.0563 自选商场self service store01.0564 购物中心shopping center01.0565 市场market hall01.0566 农贸市场farm product market01.0567 鱼市fishmonger, fish stall01.0568 肉市butcher shop01.0569 禽市poultry stall01.0570 蛋市egg stall01.0571 果市fruit stall01.0572 菜市场vegetable market01.0573 批发商店wholesale store01.0574 零售商店retail store01.0575 专卖店specialty shop01.0576 粮店grain store01.0577 副食店foodstuffs store01.0578 食品店provisions shop01.0579 熟食店delicatessen shop01.0580 点心铺pastry store01.0581 杂货铺grocery01.0582 饭馆restaurant01.0583 饮食店cafeteria01.0584 小吃店snack bar01.0585 快餐店fast food restaurant01.0586 茶馆 tea house01.0587 包子铺stuffed bun house01.0588 食堂canteen01.0589 中药店traditional Chinese's medicinestore01.0590 西药店drugstore01.0591 布店cloth store01.0592 呢绒绸缎店silk and wool fabricstore01.0593 服装店clothing store01.0594 鞋帽店hat and shoes store01.0595 床上用品店bed linens store01.0596 家具店furniture store01.0597 眼镜店spectacles store01.0598 钟表店clocks and watches store01.0599 文具用品店stationary store01.0600 书店bookstore01.0601 花店flower shop01.0602 服饰店haberdashery01.0603 洗染店laundering and dyeing shop01.0604 干洗店dry cleaning shop01.0605 工艺美术品店arts and crafts store01.0606 金银手饰店jewelry store01.0607 珠宝店jewelry shop01.0608 照相馆photo studio01.0609 理发店barber shop01.0610 美发廊hair salon01.0611 美容院beauty parlor01.0612 浴堂bath house01.0613 旅馆hotel01.0614 旅店inn01.0615 宾馆guesthouse01.0616 汽车旅馆motel01.0617 银行bank01.0618 储蓄所saving bank01.0619 证券交易所stock exchange01.0620 营业厅shopping hall01.0621 售货区Sales area01.0622 顾客活动区customers' area01.0623 橱窗shop window, show window01.0624 收款柜台cashier01.0625 货架shelf01.0626 货柜counter01.0627 卸货间delivery room01.0628 卸货台delivery platform01.0629 主食加工间staple food processingroom01.0630 副食加工间non-staple food processingroom01.0631 主食库staple food storage01.0632 副食库non-staple food storage01.0633 调料库condiment storage01.0634 备餐间pantry, food preparation room01.0635 食具洗涤消毒间ware washing andsterilizing room01.0636 烧火间firing sector01.0637 冷[藏]库cold storage01.0638 冷藏间refrigerated storage room01.0639 冷冻间freeze storage room01.0640 制冻车间ice-making room01.0641 客房guest room01.0642 套间客房suite01.0643 总统客房presidential suite01.0644 单床间single-bed room01.0645 双床间double room01.0646 休息厅lobby, lounge01.0647 接待厅reception hall, front desk01.0648 总服务台reception desk01.0649 餐厅dining hall01.0650 中餐厅Chinese restaurant01.0651 西餐厅west restaurant01.0652 咖啡厅coffee house, coffee shop01.0653 风味餐厅specialty restaurant01.0654 宴会厅banquet hall01.0655 多功能厅multi-function hall01.0656 酒吧间bar01.0657 洗手间rest room01.0658 洗衣房laundry01.0659 交通建筑transportation building01.0660 航空港airport01.0661 候机楼air-terminal01.0662 售票厅booking hall01.0663 候机厅departure hall01.0664 行李托运站baggage check-in01.0665 旅客通道passenger concourse01.0666 海关检查处customs examination01.0667 登机口boarding gate01.0668 行李提取站baggage claim01.0669 停机坪apron01.0670 直升机坪heliotrope01.0671 指挥塔command tower01.0672 飞机跑道runway01.0673 火车站railway terminal, railwaystation01.0674 汽车客运站bus passenger terminal,bus passenger station01.0675 水路客运站waterway passenger terminal01.0676 候车室waiting lounge01.0677 行李室luggage room01.0678 站台railway platform01.0679 站台雨棚platform shed01.0680 灯塔beacon, lighthouse01.0681 汽车库garage01.0682 多层车库multistory garage01.0683 加油站petrol filling station01.0684 汽车修理站car repair pit01.0685 汽车洗车台car wash01.0686 岗亭sentry box01.0687 农业生产建筑farm building 01.0688 粮库granary01.0689 筒仓silo01.0690 种子库seed storage01.0691 选种室seed selection room01.0692 粮食加工厂grain processing plant01.0693 晒场sunning ground01.0694 温室greenhouse01.0695 塑料大棚plastic-cover greenhouse01.0696 农机站farm machinery station01.0697 保养间maintenance shop01.0698 农具棚agricultural tools shed01.0699 零件库machine parts storage01.0700 农机修理站agricultural machine repairstation01.0701 种马场stallion barn01.0702 役马场military horse field01.0703 马厩horse stable01.0704 乳牛场dairy farm01.0705 牛舍stanchion barn01.0706 公牛舍bull barn01.0707 犊牛舍calf barn01.0708 挤乳间milking parlor01.0709 牛乳处理间milk house01.0710 养鸡场poultry yard01.0711 鸡舍hencoop01.0712 养猪场pig farm, hog lot01.0713 猪舍pigsty01.0714 饲料储存处feed storage01.0715 饲料加工间feed processing plant01.0716 食槽manger01.0717 饮水池drinking water pool01.0718 人工采精室sperm collection room01.0719 授精配种室sperm fertilization room01.0720 病兽隔离室isolation barn01.0721 兽医站veterinary station01.0722 积肥场fertilizer yard01.0723 沼气池biomass pool01.0724 农业服务中心agricultural servicecenter01.0725 办公建筑office building01.0726 多层办公楼multistory office01.0727 高层办公楼office tower01.0728 行政办公楼administrative building01.0729 专用办公楼special-use office building01.0730 综合性办公楼multiuse office building01.0731 智能办公楼intelligent building, smartbuilding01.0732 单间式布局private office layout01.0733 大空间布局open landscape layout01.0734 单走道布局single-corridor layout01.0735 双走道布局double-corridor layout01.0736 单外廊布局single exterior-corridorlayout01.0737 双外廊布局double exterior-corridorlayout01.0738 办公室office room01.0739 设计室design studio01.0740 绘图室drafting room01.0741 档案室file room01.0742 晒图室reproduction room01.0743 图档室drawings and documents room01.0744 打字室typing room01.0745 模型室model shop01.0746 公共建筑public building01.0747 国际会议大厦international conversionhall01.0748 国家会议大厦state convention hall01.0749 市政厅municipal hall, city hall01.0750 会议厅assembly hall01.0751 礼堂auditorium01.0752 主席台presidium01.0753 同声传译控制室simultaneousinterpretation booth01.0754 翻译室interpreters' room01.0755 监听室monitor room01.0756 扩音控制室broadcasting control room01.0757 电视转播室television transmissionroom01.0758 电视转播车television transmissionvehicle01.0759 总指挥室general director's room01.0760 法院courthouse01.0761 法庭courtroom01.0762 法官室judge's suite01.0763 秘书室law clerk's room01.0764 律师室lawyer's room01.0765 证人室witness' room01.0766 拘留室detention room01.0767 警察局police station01.0768 派出所police substation01.0769 监狱prison, jail01.0770 牢房prison cell01.0771 接收牢房incarceration cell01.0772 隔离牢房isolation cell01.0773 检查室examination room01.0774 讯问处interrogation room01.0775 看守室guards' room01.0777 消防站fire station01.0778 消防车库fire engine room01.0779 训练塔training tower01.0780 通信建筑communication building01.0781 邮局post office01.0782 电信楼telecommunication building01.0783 营业柜台clerk counter01.0784 书写台writing counter01.0785 电话间telephone booth01.0786 广播楼broadcasting station01.0787 电视中心television center, TV center 01.0788 卫星通信地面站satellite groundstation01.0789 录音室recording room01.0790 演播室studio01.0791 微波塔microwave transmission tower01.0792 电视塔TV transmission tower01.0793 电影制片厂motion picture studio01.0794 科学建筑science building01.0795 研究中心research center01.0796 试验楼laboratory building01.0797 试验室laboratory room01.0798 物理试验室physics laboratory01.0799 化学试验室chemistry laboratory01.0800 光学试验室optics laboratory01.0801 声学试验室acoustic laboratory01.0802 混响室reverberation room01.0803 隔声室soundproof room01.0804 消声室sound attenuation room,anechoic room01.0805 热工试验室thermal science laboratory 01.0806 生物试验室biology laboratory01.0807 机械性能试验室mechanical propertieslaboratory01.0808 无菌室bacteria-free room01.0809 计量室metrology room01.0810 天平室balance room01.0811 电子显微镜室electronic microscopyroom01.0812 试验台testing counter 01.0813 通风罩ventilation hood01.0814 天文台observatory01.0815 气象台meteorological station01.0816 宗教建筑religious building01.0817 庙temple01.0818 寺Buddhist temple01.0819 庵nunnery01.0820 祠shrine01.0821 观Taoist temple01.0822 山门temple gate01.0823 大殿main temple hall01.0824 经堂scripture hall01.0825 钟楼bell tower01.0826 鼓楼drum tower01.0827 纪念建筑memorial building01.0828 纪念碑memorial monument01.0829 台座pedestal01.0830 纪念堂memorial hall01.0831 纪念牌坊monumental gateway01.0832 地下建筑underground building01.0833 人防地下室air-raid shelter01.0834 防核尘地下室fallout shelter01.0835 地铁车站subway station, metrostation01.0836 地下商场underground store01.0837 地下窑居underground dwelling01.0838 地下珍宝馆underground treasurechamber01.0839 地下车库underground garage01.0840 地下仓库underground warehouse01.0841 地下金库underground gold treasury01.0842 地下冷库underground cold storage01.0843 地下粮仓underground granary01.0844 地下试验室underground testinglaboratory01.0845 生土建筑earth building01.0846 窑居cave dwelling01.0847 夯土房rammed earth construction01.0848 土筑房earthwork house01.0849 土坯房adobe house01.0850 覆土建筑earth-covered construction01.0851 自行车棚bicycle shed01.0852 围墙fence wall, enclosure wall01.0853 大门entrance gate, main door01.0854 门房gatehouse01.3 建筑设计01.0855 设计管理design administration01.0856 建筑法building law, building ordinance01.0857 建筑师注册法architects' registrationordinance01.0858 职业工程师法professional engineers' law01.0859 建筑主管机关building authority01.0860 建筑设计院building design institute01.0861 建筑设计所building design office01.0862 建筑师architect01.0863 结构工程师structural engineer01.0864 职业工程师professional engineer01.0865 咨询工程师design consultant01.0866 估价师estimator, quantity surveyor01.0867 设计委托design commission01.0868 设计协议design agreement01.0869 设计合同design contract01.0870 设计义务design liability01.0871 损害义务tort liability01.0872 设计费design fee01.0873 收费标准fee scale01.0874 百分比收费percentage cost fee01.0875 单位面积收费unit area fee01.0876 总额收费lump sum fee01.0877 成本附加费cost plus fee01.0878 资质审查qualification01.0879 注册registration01.0880 执照license01.0881 合伙制设计事务所design partnership01.0882 设计规范design code01.0883 设计标准design approval01.0884 职业道德守则code of professional ethics01.0885 设计程序design process01.0886 可行性研究feasibility study01.0887 机会研究opportunity study01.0888 建筑策划architectural programming01.0889 场址选择site selection01.0890 需求预测demand forecasting01.0891 价格分析price analysis01.0892 建筑条件construction conditions01.0893 设计方案design alternative01.0894 劳动定员manpower quota01.0895 实施计划implementation schedule01.0896 投资额investment cost01.0897 运行成本running cost, operating cost01.0898 资金返本期payback period01.0899 投资返回率 rate of return。
建设工程专业英语
建设,建筑,修建 to build, to construct建筑学 architecture修筑,建筑物 building房子 house摩天大楼 skyscraper公寓楼 block of flats (美作:apartment block) 纪念碑 monument宫殿 palace庙宇 temple皇宫,教堂 basilica大教堂 cathedral教堂 church塔,塔楼 tower十层办公大楼 ten-storey office block柱 column柱列 colonnade拱 arch市政 town planning (美作:city planning)营建许可证,建筑开工许可证 building permission 绿地 greenbelt建筑物的三面图 elevation设计图 plan比例尺 scale预制 to prefabricate挖土,掘土 excavation基 foundations, base, subgrade打地基 to lay the foundations砌好的砖列 course of bricks脚手架 scaffold, scaffolding质量合格证书 certification of fitness 原材料 raw material底板 bottom plate垫层 cushion侧壁 sidewall中心线 center line条形基础 strip footing附件 accessories型钢 profile steel钢板 steel plate熔渣 slag飞溅 welding spatter定位焊 tacking引弧 generating of arc熄弧 quenching of arc焊道 welding bead坡口 beveled edges外观检查 visual inspection重皮 double-skin水平方向弧度 radian in horizontal direction成型 molding直线度 straightness accuracy焊缝角变形 welding line angular distortion水平度 levelness铅垂度 verticality翘曲变形 buckling deformation角尺 angle square对接焊缝 butt weld母材 parent metal法兰密封面 flange sealing surface夹层 interlayer表面锈蚀浓度 surface corrosion concentration挠曲变 bending deformation超声波探伤 ultrasonic testing/ ultrasonic examination 压力容器 pressure vessel预制下料 prefabrication baiting排版直径 set-type diameter焊缝 welding line中幅板 center plate测量方法 measuring method基准点 datum mark跳焊 skip welding允许偏差 allowable variation补强板 stiffening plate开孔 tapping对接接头 banjo fixing butt jointing角钢 angle iron安装基准圆 installation fundamental circle 吊装立柱 hoisting upright column焊接钢管 welded steel pipe向心斜拉筋 centripetal canting pull rope 带板 band plate槽钢胀圈 channel steel expansion ring环口 collar extension局部变形 local distortion环缝 circumferential weld顶板 top plate拱顶 vault顶板加强肋 stiffening rib对接 butt joint胎具 clamping fixture卷板机 plate bending rolls中心支架 center bearing bracket椭圆度 ovality等分线 bisectrix搭接宽度 lap width点焊 spot welding搭接焊 overlap welding对称 symmetrically螺旋爬梯 cockle stairs放料阀 baiting valve液位计 content gauge芬兰维萨拉 Vailsla OY美国美科 "Met-coil, USA"集中式空调系统 centralized air conditioning system 裙房 annex热源 heat source平面位置的空间 space of planimetric position密封性能 sealing performance机房 machine room节点 timing专业 "profession or discipline 都可以,要根据上下文"连体法兰 coupling flange垂直井笼 vertical well cage变风量 variable air rate施工面展开 construction unfolds违约行为 noncompliance合同交底- contract presentation管理承包商 Management Contractor party工程量 work amount实施的形象进度 progress of implementation完工资料 as-built documentation文整 clear-up审核 review汽车式起重机 Autocrane深化图纸 deepen drawing设备配置计划 equipment furnishment plan结构预埋配合阶段 Structure pre-embedment assistance stage精装修阶段 Fine fitment stage工程施工阶段 Construction stage工程竣工阶段 Completion stage台钻 Bench drill冲击钻 Churn drill手电钻 Electric portable drill砂轮切割机 Abrasive cutting off machine角钢卷圆机 Angle iron rolling machine管道切断器 Pipe cutting machine铜管调直机 Copper pipe straightening machine管道压槽机 Book joint setting machine for pipes管道压槽机 Book joint setting machine for pipes角向磨光机 Angle polishing machine电动套丝机 Electric threading machine电动卷扬机 Electric winch电动试压泵 Motor-driven pressure test pump手动试压泵 Manual pressure test pump阀门试压机 Valve pressure test device阀门试压机 Valve pressure test deviceTDC(F)风管加工流水线 TDC(F)air ductwork fabricationstream line等离子切割机 Plasma cutting machineTDC(F)法兰条成型机 TDC(F) flange strip shaping mill 勾码成型机 Forming machine for flange clampTDC(F)风管加工成型机 TDC(F) duct fabrication shaping mill 多普勒超声波流量检测仪 Doppler ultrasonic flow detector 温、湿度传感器 "Temperature, humidity senor"精密声级计 Precision sound level meter风管漏风量测试仪、风室式漏风测试装置 "Duct air leakagetester, airchamber air leakage testing device"风罩式风量测试仪 Air hood air rate tester微压计、毕托管、热球（电）风速仪 "Micromanometer ,pitot tube, hot bulb(electrical) anemoscope"潜水泵 Submerged pump电动弯管机 Electric pipe bender铜管弯管机 Copper pipe bender液压弯管机 Hydraulic pipe bender电动剪刀 Electric clipper液压铆钉钳 Hydraulic riveting clamp线槽电锯 Trunking electric saw开孔器 Tapper电动空压机 Electric air compressor液压千斤顶 Hydraulic jack液压手推车 Hydraulic trolley焊条烘干箱 Welding rod drying box手拉葫芦 Chain block道（垫）木 Sleeper转速表 Tachometer电流钳型表 Clip-style ammeter压力表 Pressure gauge接地电阻测试仪 Earthing resistance testing device 氧气表 Oxygen gauge乙炔表 Acetylene gauge对讲机 Walkie talkie文件和资料 documents and information?建设单位 Construction unit安装单位 Installation unit比例尺scale侧壁sidewall打地基to lay the foundations大教堂cathedral底板bottom plate垫层cushion定位焊tacking房子house飞溅welding spatter附件accessories钢板steel plate公寓楼block of flats (美作:apartment block)拱arch焊道welding bead皇宫,教堂basilica基foundations, base, subgrade纪念碑monument建筑物的三面图elevation建筑学architecture脚手架scaffold, scaffolding教堂church绿地greenbelt庙宇templeTorque 转动扭矩 Impose 施加，将…强加于Composite 合成的，复合的Sag 下垂Deflect 偏转，弯曲，倾斜Misalignment 安装误差Plaster 灰泥，灰浆，涂层Buckling 弯曲，折曲，下垂Stiffness 刚度，刚性 In contradistinction to M 与M截然不同Tension 张力，拉力 Compression 压缩，压力Diagrammatic sketch 示意图Ceramics 陶瓷，陶瓷材料Inertia 惯性 Lifetime 使用寿命Iterative 反复的，迭代的 Durability 耐久性，持久性Pinpoint 准确定位，针尖 Evolve 经过实验研究得出Statics 静力学 Strength of materials 材料力学Deformation 变形Influx 流入，灌注Distortion 变形Boring machine 镗床Boom 吊杆，悬臂，起重杆 Dragline 拉铲挖土级，挖掘斗Gray cast iron 灰铸铁Modulus of elasticity 弹性模量Rigidity 刚性，刚度，稳定性 Slip 滑度，打滑Creep 蠕变 Yield 屈服于，屈服Rupture 破裂，断裂，破坏 Load-carrying capacity 承载能力Terminology 专用名词 Helical spring 螺旋型弹簧Concentrated 集中的，浓缩的 Distribute 分布，分发，散布Resultant 合力，合成的 Centroid 矩心，重心Torsional 扭的，转的Bending 挠曲，弯曲Flexural 弯曲的，挠性的 couple 对，双，力偶Non-load-bearing 非承重 brittle 脆弱的，脆性的ASTM 美国材料试验学会BSI 英国标准学会SAA 澳大利亚标准学会 Passage 一段，一节Plastic deformation 塑性变形moisture content 含水量Timber 木材 veracity 诚实，真实性Ready-mixed concrete 预拌混凝土building contractor 建筑承包商Hydraulic press 水压机 grading 分等，分类，级配Fatigue 疲劳ductility 可延展性Toughness 韧性 stress-strain curve 应力－应变曲线Durability 耐久性，耐用年限 chloride 氯化物，漂白粉Sulphate 硫酸盐alkali 碱性，碱Permeability 渗透性，透气性 weathering 风化Disruptive 分裂的，摧毁的 thaw 融化，解冻Entrain 携带，传输 leaching 浸出，溶析Carbonation 炭化作用blasting 破裂，吹风Attrition 磨损 cavity 洞穴Hydraulic structure 水工建筑物 pervious 透水的，透光的Aggregate 集料，骨料 homogeneous 均质的，均匀的Compact 压实，捣紧 kerb 路缘，道牙Air-entrained concrete 加气混凝土 glaze 珐琅质，上釉Stainless steel 不锈钢galvanize 电镀Gutter 排水沟，楼都不 humidity 湿度，湿气Porous 多孔的，疏松的 spectrum 谱Infrared 红外的，产生红外辐射的 ultraviolet 紫外的Gravel 砾石，卵石 anodized 受过阳极化处理的Hydrate 水合物reinforcement 加强，加固Spall 剥落，散裂 erosion 侵蚀，腐蚀Abrasion 磨损，磨耗 quarry 方形砖Eddy 涡流，漩涡运动 reinforcing steel 钢筋Reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土 reinforcing bar 钢筋Longitudinal 长度的，纵向的，轴向的 dispose 处置Incline 倾斜，弄斜 moment 力矩Bond 结合，结合力，粘合力 interlock 连动，连接Forestall 阻止，预防 embed 放入，埋入Prestressing steel 预应力钢筋 rebar 钢筋Splice 接头 congestion 充满Form 模坂 ACI 美国混凝土协会Code 法规，规程 galvanize 电镀Undue 过度的，过分的 BS 英国标准Blending machine 弯筋机mandrel 芯棒Jig 夹具 dowel 夹缝丁，暗销Wire clip 钢丝剪reference number 参考号数Mill scale 热轧钢表面氧化皮spacer 隔离物Clip 夹子，剪刀slab 板，块，楼板Cradle 吊架，托架，支架chair 托架，支板Mild steel 低碳钢 tack 图钉，点焊焊缝Hydraulic 水力的，液力的 additive 添加剂Admixture 外加剂 binder 胶结剂Aggregate 聚集，结合，骨料，填料aerate 充气Aerate concrete 加气混凝土cellular 蜂窝状的Portland 波特兰水泥 pulverize 粉化，磨碎Granulate 成粒状，轧碎 blastfurnace 高炉，鼓风炉Slag 矿渣，炉渣 pigment 颜料，色料Retarder 延迟剂，缓凝剂accelerator 加速剂，促凝剂Curing (混凝土)养护compaction 压实，捣实Ambient 周围的，外界的shrinkage 收缩，下沉，压缩Autoclave 蒸压器，热压处理 frost 粗糙的，无光泽的Efflorescence 风化，粉化，粉化物 sodium 钠Calcium 钙potassium 钾Carbonate 炭化 pozzolana 火山灰Sulphate 硫酸盐autoclaved aerated concrete 高压蒸养加气混凝土Hard-burnt 高温焙烧的，炼制的 veneer 镶片，砌面，表层Mallet 木锤，大锤 chisel 凿子Mold 模子，模具mass production 大量生产Update 使现代化trade journal 行业杂志Periodical 定期的，定期刊行的 editorial board 编辑委员会Beholder 旁观者 ordinance 规格，条例，法令Suspended structure 悬吊结构 joist 梁，垳条Through bridge 下承桥 chord 弦杆Bracing 拉条，支撑 web-girder 腹板大梁Box-girder 箱梁 plan view 平面图Outline 外形，剖面 drawing 附图Bills of materials 材料清单radiator 散热器General arrangement 总体布置detail drawing 详图Cladding 包层，包壳 panel 面板，仪表盘GA drawing 总体平面图 zoom 变焦距In situ 原地，在原地cumbersome 笨重的，麻烦的Parameterized 参数化 specification 详细说明，规范Verify 校验，验证，说明homogeneous 均匀的，对等的Buckling 弯曲，翘曲，弯折 deterministic 确定的，决定的Probabilistic 概率的，随机的 deviation 偏差，偏移，参数Psychological 心理的，精神的 cross-section 横断面，横截面Amortization 阻尼 proof-load 检验荷载Field 场地，工地survey 调查，测量，勘察Intrinsic 内在的，固有的 stochastic 随机的，不确定的Seismic 地震的，与地震有关的 single load 集中荷载Foundation 基础，地基gravity 重力Lateral 横向的，侧面的 transient 瞬时的，不稳定的Basement 底座，基础，地下室 erratic 反复无常的，无规律的Footing 基础，基脚，底座，垫层overdesign 保险设计Underdesign 欠安全设计 appurtenance 附属物，附属设备Firewall 防火墙parapet 栏杆，护墙，女儿墙Remold 改造，改型，重铸 ductwork 管道系统，管网Tenant 租用 latitude 纬度，宽度，范围Tributary 支流，附庸，辅助的cantilever 悬臂，悬臂梁，支架Provision 预防，规定，条款 overload 超载，超重Reference 参考书 uncertainty 不确定性Slighting 轻蔑的，不尊重的 likelihood 像有，相似Pef = pounds per cubic foot 磅/平方英尺reliability 可靠性，安全性Methodology 方法论 shield 屏蔽Shield 屏蔽，遮护 without recourse to 不依赖Reason 推理，论证 weir 堰，拦河堰Spillway 溢洪道，泻水道clause 条款项目Deploy 适用，配置 filler wall 填充墙，柱间墙Shear wall 剪力墙ignorance 外行Up-to-date 现代的，最新likewise 同样Bucket 吊斗，挖斗 wheelarrow 手推车，独轮小车Buggy 手推车，小斗车segregation 分凝，离析Chute 斜槽 place 场所，浇筑Lift 混凝土浇筑层，，升降机displacement 偏移Compact 夯实 honeycomb 蜂窝结构Tamping 夯实，捣固，捣实 spinkling 喷洒Calcium chloride 氯化钙 settlement 沉陷Grout 水浆，灌浆cohesive 粘聚的，粘结的Workable 和易性好的,塑性的slump 坍塌度Workability 可塑性 air-entraining 加气的Deposit 存储，浇注consolidation 加固，压实Bleeding 渗漏subsidence 沉降，下降Laitance 水泥浮浆 float 镘刀，抹子Capillary 毛细管的，毛细现象 flash set 急凝Aluminate 铝酸盐 burlap 麻袋，粗麻布Membrane 膜，隔板 emulsion 乳胶体，乳液Polyethylene 聚乙烯 waterproof 防水Harden 硬化，凝固 gravel 砾石，卵石Immersion 浸入，插入 headroom 净空高度，头上空间Nominal 铭牌的，名义的 power-driven 动力驱动的，电动的External vibrator 表面振捣器 architect 建筑师Nonhomogeneous 不均匀的，多相的creep 蠕变Shrink 缩小structure code 结构规范Ultimate strength 极限强度 load factor 荷载系数From M onwards 从m算起来 prestressed concrete 预应力混凝土Faulty 有缺点的，报废的，不合格的 embed 放入，埋入Abutment 桥台,岸墩 thrust 推，轴向力Jack 千斤顶，支柱 motorway 汽车道，快车道Tendon 钢筋束，筋post-tensioned prestressing 后张法预应力Pre-tensioned prestressing 先张法预应力 manoeuvrable 机动的，容易驾驶的Plain concrete 无筋混凝土 precompression 预加压力，预先压缩Leak 漏，渗漏camber 弯度，曲度，凸形Proportioning 使成比例，确定几何尺寸 analogous 类似的，类比的，模拟的With reference to 参考，参照，关于centroid 矩心，面积矩心，质心Refinement 精制，改善，改进 bond 结合，粘合，粘合强度Transmit 传递，寄，传送 interlocking 可联动的，联锁Plain bar 光面钢筋，无结钢筋 formed bar 变形钢筋，竹结钢筋Hoop 环，箍，铁箍tie 拉杆，系杆Stirrup 箍筋，钢筋箍 crushing 压碎，轧碎Bearing 承载，承受，支撑点 bearing pressure 支承压力Rib 肋，棱， perimeter 周边，周长，周界Blanketing 覆盖，包上，掩盖 mortar 砂浆，灰浆，灰泥Bentonite 膨润土，膨土岩 trench 沟槽，沟道，沟管Tremie 混凝土导管（水下浇筑用） full prestressing 全预应力Partial prestressing 部分预应力reservoir 水库，蓄水池Eccentric 偏心的，呈偏心运动的，偏心器 counteract 中和，平衡Intermitterntly 间隙的，断续的，周期的 infrequent 不常见的，稀少的Objectionable 不能采用的，不适宜的reverse 颠倒的，改变方向的，交换的Cement paste 水泥浆sack 袋，包，一包，一袋Water-cement ratio 水灰比trial-batch （混凝土）小量试拌Slump test 坍塌度试验 truncate 缩短，截去Air-entraining agent 加气剂 plasticizer 增塑剂，塑化剂revolving-drum mixer 转筒式搅拌机 ready-mixed 运送时搅拌的transit0mixed 运送时拌的 batch 配料，分批配料congested 拥挤的，充塞的 haul 搬运，运输discharge 卸货，卸载 hopper 漏斗，装料车batching plant 拌和厂 batching 配料，定配合比ecclesiastical 基督教会的，教士的 landmark 陆标，里程碑，界标mobility 可动性，机动性，流动性 topographical 地形的，地形测量的subservient 辅助性的tax 使受压力，负担shear wall core 剪力墙筒体 prefabrication 预制的，预制品slip-formwork 滑模 crane 起重机，用起重机吊codify 编成法典，编纂 elevator 升降机escalator 升降梯，自动扶梯drift 漂移，位移prescribe 规定，命令，指示I-beam 工字梁，工字钢masonry 砖石工程，砌筑体staircase 楼梯lofty 高耸的，极高的condominium 各住户认购各自一套公寓楼brace 支撑，支柱bundle 捆，扎，粘合soaring 高耸的，高涨的 tributary 支流，从属的prototype 原型，样机web 腹板，梁板torsion 扭转，转矩 orthogonal 互相垂直的，正交的，直角的stiffen 加强，加固 urbanization 都市化habitation 住宅，住所deterrent 制止物，威慑因素premium 奖金，质量改进的clutter 混乱，干扰，弄乱multi-discipline 多学科pedestrian 行人，步行者plaza 广场，大空地sway 摇，摆动overturn 倾倒，翻转 clear span 净高clear spacing 净距 zoning 分区，区域化excavation 挖掘，挖方 overlook 检查，监督interim 间歇底，暂时的empiricism 经验主义elastoplastic 弹塑性的subset 子系统compartmentalize 间隔化,隔开,分段 mantle 罩,外壳,地幔erosion 侵蚀,冲刷,磨损 waterborne 水生的,水力运输的boulder 漂砾,大块石 cobble 圆石,鹅软石pebble 小软石,小砾石 degradation 剥蚀,退化avalanche 山崩,坍方,崩塌 stratum 地层,岩层meandering 曲折的,弯曲的,曲流的 stratified 有层次的,分层的water table 地下水位 detritus 瓦砾,腐质percolation 渗透,渗滤 soil profile 土壤剖面,土层剖面residual soil 残积土transported soil 运积土ground water 地下水superstructure 上层结构earth fill 土堤substructure 下部结构,基础工事demarcation 分界线 sanitary 环境卫生的sanitary fill 垃圾堆积场reclamation 废料回收,改造,垦殖disposal 处理,清理,处置boring 钻探,打眼mat 席,垫,钢筋网 caisson 沉箱retaining-wall 挡土墙uneven settlement 不均匀沉降overburden 超载,过载 strap beam 搭扣形梁unsound 不坚固的,不牢固的pile 桩,打桩hardpan 硬土层,坚固基础 raft 筏,木排combined footing 联合基础 cantilever footing 悬臂基础raft of floating foundation 筏式基础或浮筏基础soil mass 土体pile shaft 桩身 stratum 地层，矿层end-bearing pile 端承桩 uplift 举起，抬起water table 地下水位scour 冲刷，洗涤deposit 沉积，浇注，矿床 soil-exploration 土质勘察footing 基础，基脚，底座 strip 带，条，狭长片raft 筏，垫板 capital 柱头fixity 固定，不变eccentric 偏心的，不同圆心的nonuniformity 不均匀性，不均质性 scheduling 编制时间表drain 消耗，耗尽premium 奖金，佣金hold up 阻碍procurement 取得，获得，采购vector 矢量，向量prerequisite 先决条件，前提concurrent 同时进行的，并行的 lead time 产品设计至实际投产时间litigation 诉讼，打官司 chronological 按时间顺序的hoist 卷扬机，起重机 utility 实用的，公用事业utility line 公用事业管线 accrue 产生，出现dismantle 拆除，拆卸 remuneration 酬劳，报酬commensurate 同量的，相应的 degenerate into 简化成，变质成in-house 机构内部的 critical path 关键路径lay down 规定，制定计划 wearing surface 磨耗面base course 基层 asphalt 柏油landscaping 风景设计，风景布置 bulldozer 推土机，压路机vibrating roller 振动压路机 bitumen 沥青grill 格栅，铁格网mesh 网，网格，筛concrete train 混凝土铺路机组 slipform paver 滑模铺路机hold in place 把…固定在引诱的位置runway 跑道，通道Tokaido line 新干线 catalyst 触媒，催化剂Side-effect 副作用 decentralization 分散，疏散Unity 整体，单元 outstrip 超过Crude 天然的，原油piecemeal 片断，点Ferment 酵素，发酵，蓬勃发展 underlying 基础的，根本的Geographer 地理学家 operations research 运筹学Cable-stayed 斜拉的，张拉的 girder 梁，垳，梁杆Cast-in-place 现场浇筑的 AASHT美国洲际公路及运输工作者协会AREA 美国铁路工程师协会 crossing 交叉，十字路口Pier 桥墩 elevated 高架的，高的，高架铁路Clearance 间隙，净空，间距 segment 部分，段Dominance 支配，控制，优势 one-way slab 单向配筋板Versus 与…的关系曲线 statically determinate structure 静定结构Skew 斜的，扭的，弯曲的on-site 现场的，就地的，工地Shear key 受剪键bituminous concrete 沥青混凝土Dissipate 清除，消除 composite structure 混合结构Acronym 缩写词，缩语chore 零星工作，零活In the foreseeable future 在可遇见的未来一段时间内 impetus 动力，刺激Draughtsman 绘图员，起草者 repetitious 重复的，反复的Mundane 世间的，世俗的jargon 行话，术语，难懂的话Level 水平，水位，水平仪 theodolite 精密经纬仪Envision 想象，遇见，展望contour map 等高线，地形图Plat 地段，地区图，地段图grading 校准，定标，土工修正Stake 标桩，定位木桩picture 图画，设想，想象Cut 挖土，挖方 fill 填筑，填方，填土，路堤Borrow 取土，采料，采料场 indeterminate structure 超静定结构Myriad 万，无数，无数的 photogrammetry 摄影测绘sGeotechnical engineering 岩土工程 mass transit 公共交通Transmission line 输电线infiltrate 渗入，渗透Estimator 估价者，评价者rival 对手，竞争，比得上Off-the-shelf 现成的，成品的，畅销的 afterthought 回想，反省，后悔，马后炮Timeliness 及时，时间性，好时机 inception 开始，起头，开端Culminate 达到顶点，结束 beneficiary 受益人，受惠人Outset 开始，最初 working drawing 施工图Prescribe 规定，命令 delineation 描绘，描述Co-ordinate 相同，同等的事物 prerogative 特权，特性Board of directors 董事会 estimating 估价Margin 边缘，余量，余地tender 投标，承包，标件Incisive 尖锐的，深刻的，透彻的 realm 范围，部门，类Forethought 预先考虑好的modus 方法，程式Modus operandi 做法，方法，工作方式nullify 废弃，取消Indispensable 不可缺少的，必需的 corollary 推论，结果Doom 毁灭，灭亡，判决 obverse 较显著面Tactical 战术的，策略的deployment 部署，调度，配置Ensemble 整体，总效果 pictorial 绘图的，插图的Dispassionate 冷静的，不带偏见的 prognosis 预测，预报Ubiquitous 普遍存在的，随遇的 denominator 分母，标准Handmaiden 起陪衬作用的 liken 比拟Jobbing 做临时工trade journal 行业期刊Cost plus 附加费 premise 前提，房产Speculation 投机，投机买卖sub-contractor 转包商，分包商Order 订单 on-cost 杂费，间接成本Microfiche 缩微胶片，平片土木工程专业英语词汇（上）综合类大地工程geotechnical engineering反分析法back analysis method基础工程foundation engineering临界状态土力学critical state soil mechanics数值岩土力学numerical geomechanics土soil, earth土动力学soil dynamics土力学soil mechanics岩土工程geotechnical engineering应力路径stress path应力路径法stress path method2. 工程地质及勘察变质岩metamorphic rock标准冻深standard frost penetration冰川沉积glacial deposit冰积层（台）glacial deposit残积土eluvial soil, residual soil层理beding长石feldspar沉积岩sedimentary rock承压水confined water次生矿物secondary mineral地质年代geological age地质图geological map地下水groundwater断层fault断裂构造fracture structure工程地质勘察engineering geological exploration海积层（台）marine deposit海相沉积marine deposit花岗岩granite滑坡landslide化石fossil化学沉积岩chemical sedimentary rock阶地terrace节理joint解理cleavage喀斯特karst矿物硬度hardness of minerals砾岩conglomerate流滑flow slide陆相沉积continental sedimentation 泥石流mud flow, debris flow年粘土矿物clay minerals凝灰岩tuff牛轭湖ox-bow lake浅成岩hypabyssal rock潜水ground water侵入岩intrusive rock取土器geotome砂岩sandstone砂嘴spit, sand spit山岩压力rock pressure深成岩plutionic rock石灰岩limestone石英quartz松散堆积物rickle围限地下水（台）confined ground water泻湖lagoon岩爆rock burst岩层产状attitude of rock岩浆岩magmatic rock, igneous rock岩脉dike, dgke岩石风化程度degree of rock weathering 岩石构造structure of rock岩石结构texture of rock岩体rock mass页岩shale原生矿物primary mineral云母mica造岩矿物rock-forming mineral褶皱fold, folding钻孔柱状图bore hole columnar section3. 土的分类饱和土saturated soil超固结土overconsolidated soil冲填土dredger fill充重塑土冻土frozen soil, tjaele非饱和土unsaturated soil分散性土dispersive soil粉土silt, mo粉质粘土silty clay高岭石kaolinite过压密土（台）overconsolidated soil红粘土red clay, adamic earth黄土loess, huangtu(China)蒙脱石montmorillonite泥炭peat, bog muck年粘土clay年粘性土cohesive soil, clayey soil膨胀土expansive soil, swelling soil欠固结粘土underconsolidated soil区域性土zonal soil人工填土fill, artificial soil软粘土soft clay, mildclay, mickle砂土sand湿陷性黄土collapsible loess, slumping loess素填土plain fill塑性图plasticity chart碎石土stone, break stone, broken stone, channery, chat, crushed stone, deritus未压密土（台）underconsolidated clay无粘性土cohesionless soil, frictional soil, non-cohesive soil岩石rock伊利土illite有机质土organic soil淤泥muck, gyttja, mire, slush淤泥质土mucky soil原状土undisturbed soil杂填土miscellaneous fill正常固结土normally consolidated soil正常压密土（台）normally consolidated soil自重湿陷性黄土self weight collapse loess4. 土的物理性质阿太堡界限Atterberg limits饱和度degree of saturation饱和密度saturated density饱和重度saturated unit weight比重specific gravity稠度consistency不均匀系数coefficient of uniformity, uniformity coefficient触变thixotropy单粒结构single-grained structure蜂窝结构honeycomb structure干重度dry unit weight塑性指数plasticity index含水量water content, moisture content活性指数级配gradation, grading结合水bound water, combined water, held water界限含水量Atterberg limits颗粒级配particle size distribution of soils, mechanical composition of soil可塑性plasticity孔隙比void ratio孔隙率porosity粒度granularity, grainness, grainage粒组fraction, size fraction毛细管水capillary water密度density密实度compactionness年粘性土的灵敏度sensitivity of cohesive soil平均粒径mean diameter, average grain diameter曲率系数coefficient of curvature三相图block diagram, skeletal diagram, three phase diagram三相土tri-phase soil湿陷起始应力initial collapse pressure湿陷系数coefficient of collapsibility缩限shrinkage limit土的构造soil texture土的结构soil structure土粒相对密度specific density of solid particles土中气air in soil土中水water in soil团粒aggregate, cumularpharolith限定粒径constrained diameter相对密度relative density, density index相对压密度relative compaction, compacting factor, percent compaction, coefficient of compaction絮状结构flocculent structure压密系数coefficient of consolidation压缩性compressibility液限liquid limit液性指数liquidity index游离水（台）free water有效粒径effective diameter, effective grain size, effective size有效密度effective density有效重度effective unit weight自由水free water, gravitational water, groundwater, phreatic water组构fabric最大干密度maximum dry density最优含水量optimum water content5. 渗透性和渗流达西定律Darcy s law管涌piping浸润线phreatic line临界水力梯度critical hydraulic gradient流函数flow function流土flowing soil流网 flow net砂沸sand boiling渗流seepage渗流量seepage discharge渗流速度seepage velocity渗透力seepage force渗透破坏seepage failure渗透系数coefficient of permeability渗透性permeability势函数potential function水力梯度hydraulic gradient6. 地基应力和变形变形deformation变形模量modulus of deformation泊松比Poisson s ratio布西涅斯克解Boussinnesq s solution残余变形residual deformation残余孔隙水压力residual pore water pressure超静孔隙水压力excess pore water pressure沉降settlement沉降比settlement ratio次固结沉降secondary consolidation settlement次固结系数coefficient of secondary consolidation地基沉降的弹性力学公式elastic formula for settlement calculation 分层总和法layerwise summation method负孔隙水压力negative pore water pressure附加应力superimposed stress割线模量secant modulus固结沉降consolidation settlement规范沉降计算法settlement calculation by specification回弹变形rebound deformation回弹模量modulus of resilience回弹系数coefficient of resilience回弹指数swelling index建筑物的地基变形允许值allowable settlement of building剪胀dilatation角点法corner-points method孔隙气压力pore air pressure孔隙水压力pore water pressure孔隙压力系数Apore pressure parameter A孔隙压力系数Bpore pressure parameter B明德林解Mindlin s solution纽马克感应图Newmark chart切线模量tangent modulus蠕变creep三向变形条件下的固结沉降three-dimensional consolidation settlement瞬时沉降immediate settlement塑性变形plastic deformation谈弹性变形elastic deformation谈弹性模量elastic modulus谈弹性平衡状态state of elastic equilibrium体积变形模量volumetric deformation modulus先期固结压力preconsolidation pressure压缩层压缩模量modulus of compressibility压缩系数coefficient of compressibility压缩性compressibility压缩指数compression index有效应力effective stress自重应力self-weight stress总应力total stress approach of shear strength最终沉降final settlement7. 固结巴隆固结理论Barron s consolidation theory比奥固结理论Biot s consolidation theory超固结比over-consolidation ratio超静孔隙水压力excess pore water pressure次固结secondary consolidation次压缩（台）secondary consolidatin单向度压密（台）one-dimensional consolidation多维固结multi-dimensional consolidation固结consolidation固结度degree of consolidation固结理论theory of consolidation固结曲线consolidation curve固结速率rate of consolidation固结系数coefficient of consolidation固结压力consolidation pressure回弹曲线rebound curve井径比drain spacing ratio井阻well resistance曼代尔－克雷尔效应Mandel-Cryer effect潜变（台）creep砂井sand drain砂井地基平均固结度average degree of consolidation of sand-drained ground 时间对数拟合法logrithm of time fitting method时间因子time factor太沙基固结理论Terzaghi s consolidation theory太沙基－伦杜列克扩散方程Terzaghi-Rendulic diffusion equation先期固结压力preconsolidation pressure压密（台）consolidation压密度（台）degree of consolidation压缩曲线cpmpression curve一维固结one dimensional consolidation有效应力原理principle of effective stress预压密压力（台）preconsolidation pressure原始压缩曲线virgin compression curve再压缩曲线recompression curve主固结primary consolidation主压密（台）primary consolidation准固结压力pseudo-consolidation pressureK0固结consolidation under K0 condition8. 抗剪强度安息角（台）angle of repose不排水抗剪强度undrained shear strength残余内摩擦角residual angle of internal friction残余强度residual strength长期强度long-term strength单轴抗拉强度uniaxial tension test动强度dynamic strength of soils峰值强度peak strength伏斯列夫参数Hvorslev parameter剪切应变速率shear strain rate抗剪强度shear strength抗剪强度参数shear strength parameter抗剪强度有效应力法effective stress approach of shear strength 抗剪强度总应力法total stress approach of shear strength库仑方程Coulomb s equation摩尔包线Mohr s envelope摩尔－库仑理论Mohr-Coulomb theory内摩擦角angle of internal friction年粘聚力cohesion破裂角angle of rupture破坏准则failure criterion十字板抗剪强度vane strength无侧限抗压强度unconfined compression strength有效内摩擦角effective angle of internal friction 有效粘聚力effective cohesion intercept 有效应力破坏包线effective stress failure envelope 有效应力强度参数effective stress strength parameter 有效应力原理principle of effective stress真内摩擦角true angle internal friction真粘聚力true cohesion总应力破坏包线total stress failure envelope总应力强度参数total stress strength parameter9. 本构模型本构模型constitutive model边界面模型boundary surface model层向各向同性体模型cross anisotropic model超弹性模型hyperelastic model德鲁克－普拉格准则Drucker-Prager criterion邓肯－张模型Duncan-Chang model动剪切强度非线性弹性模量nonlinear elastic model盖帽模型cap model刚塑性模型rigid plastic model割线模量secant modulus广义冯•米赛斯屈服准则extended von Mises yield criterion 广义特雷斯卡屈服准则extended tresca yield criterion加工软化work softening加工硬化work hardening加工硬化定律strain harding law剑桥模型Cambridge model柯西弹性模型Cauchy elastic model拉特－邓肯模型Lade-Duncan model拉特屈服准则Lade yield criterion理想弹塑性模型ideal elastoplastic model临界状态弹塑性模型critical state elastoplastic model流变学模型rheological model流动规则flow rule摩尔－库仑屈服准则Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion 内蕴时间塑性模型endochronic plastic model内蕴时间塑性理论endochronic theory年粘弹性模型viscoelastic model切线模量tangent modulus清华弹塑性模型Tsinghua elastoplastic model屈服面yield surface沈珠江三重屈服面模型Shen Zhujiang three yield surface method双参数地基模型双剪应力屈服模型twin shear stress yield criterion双曲线模型hyperbolic model松岗元－中井屈服准则Matsuoka-Nakai yield criterion塑性形变理论谈弹塑性模量矩阵elastoplastic modulus matrix谈弹塑性模型elastoplastic modulus谈弹塑性增量理论incremental elastoplastic theory 谈弹性半空间地基模型elastic half-space foundation model谈弹性变形elastic deformation谈弹性模量elastic modulus谈弹性模型elastic model魏汝龙－Khosla－Wu模型Wei Rulong-Khosla-Wu model文克尔地基模型Winkler foundation model修正剑桥模型modified cambridge model准弹性模型hypoelastic model10. 地基承载力冲剪破坏punching shear failure次层（台）substratum地基subgrade, ground, foundation soil地基承载力bearing capacity of foundation soil 地基极限承载力ultimate bearing capacity of foundation soil地基允许承载力allowable bearing capacity of foundation soil地基稳定性stability of foundation soil 汉森地基承载力公式Hansen s ultimate bearing capacity formula 极限平衡状态state of limit equilibrium加州承载比（美国）California Bearing Ratio局部剪切破坏local shear failure临塑荷载critical edge pressure梅耶霍夫极限承载力公式Meyerhof s ultimate bearing capacity formula 普朗特承载力理论Prandel bearing capacity theory斯肯普顿极限承载力公式Skempton s ultimate bearing capacity formula 太沙基承载力理论Terzaghi bearing capacity theory 魏锡克极限承载力公式Vesic s ultimate bearing capacity formula整体剪切破坏general shear failure11. 土压力被动土压力passive earth pressure被动土压力系数coefficient of passive earth pressure极限平衡状态state of limit equilibrium静止土压力earth pressue at rest静止土压力系数coefficient of earth pressur at rest库仑土压力理论Coulomb s earth pressure theory库尔曼图解法Culmannn construction朗肯土压力理论Rankine s earth pressure theory朗肯状态Rankine state谈弹性平衡状态state of elastic equilibrium土压力earth pressure主动土压力active earth pressure主动土压力系数coefficient of active earth pressure12. 土坡稳定分析安息角（台）angle of repose分析毕肖普法Bishop method分析边坡稳定安全系数safety factor of slope 分析不平衡推理传递法unbalanced thrust transmission method 分析费伦纽斯条分法Fellenius method of slices分析库尔曼法Culmann method分析摩擦圆法friction circle method分析摩根斯坦－普拉斯法Morgenstern-Price method 分析铅直边坡的临界高度critical height of vertical slope分析瑞典圆弧滑动法Swedish circle method分析斯宾赛法Spencer method分析泰勒法Taylor method分析条分法slice method分析土坡slope分析土坡稳定分析slope stability analysis分析土坡稳定极限分析法limit analysis method of slope stability 分析土坡稳定极限平衡法limit equilibrium method of slope stability分析休止角angle of repose分析扬布普遍条分法Janbu general slice method分析圆弧分析法circular arc analysis13. 土的动力性质比阻尼容量specific gravity capacity波的弥散特性dispersion of waves波速法wave velocity method材料阻尼material damping初始液化initial liquefaction地基固有周期natural period of soil site动剪切模量dynamic shear modulus of soils动力布西涅斯克解dynamic solution of Boussinesq动力放大因素dynamic magnification factor动力性质dynamic properties of soils动强度dynamic strength of soils骨架波akeleton waves in soils。
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Unit 12
Part Ⅱ
Construction Surveying
Passage A
Passages
He does this by placing reference marks ( such as construction stakes) sufficiently close to the planned work so as to permit the masons, carpenters, and other tradesmen to properly position the work with their own equipment (folding rules, mason’s levels, string lines, and so on).
Unit 12
Part Ⅱ
Construction Surveying
Passage A
Passages
it is the duty of the surveyor to set the required horizontal and vertical positions for the structures. In other words, construction surveying involves the transfer of the dimensions on the drawing to the ground so that the work is done in its correct position. This type of surveying is sometimes called “setting lines and grades”. The work of the surveyor for construction projects is often referred to as layout work and the term “layout engineer” may be used in place of the term “surveyor”.
Unit 12
Part Ⅱ
Construction Surveying
Passage B
Construction Surveying The construction industry is the largest in the United States and surveying is an essential part of that industry. A boundary survey and the preparation of the necessary topographic maps is the first step in the construction process. From these maps the positions of the structures are established and when the final plans for the project are available,
Unit 12
Part Ⅱ
Construction Surveying
Passage A
Passages
The reader can readily understand the expense and inconvenience caused if one reinforced concrete footing for a building is placed in the wrong position. As another example, just imagine the problems involved if a few thousand feet of a sewer line are set on the wrong grade.
Unit 12
Part Ⅱ
Construction Surveying
Passage A
Passages
(2) A survey to determine the existing conditions such as contours, man-made and natural features, streams, sewers, power lines, roads, nearby structures, and so on. This work may also be done by the land surveyor along with the boundary survey. (3) The construction surveys which determine the position and elevation of the features of the construction work. These surveys include the placing of grade stakes, alignment stakes and other layout control points.
Unit 12
Part Ⅱ
Construction Surveying
Passage A
Passages
Of necessity, construction surveying begins before actual construction and continues until the project is completed. Surveying is an essential part of the construction process and must be carried out in coordination with other operations in order to have an economical job and to prevent serious mistakes.
Unit 12
Part Ⅱ
Construction Surveying
Passage A
Passages
(4) Finally there are the surveys which determine the positions of the finished structures．These are the “asbuilt” surveys and they are used to check the contractor’s work and show locations of structures and their components (water lines, sewers, etc.) which will be needed for future maintenance, changes, and new construction．
Unit 12
Construction Surveying
Part Ⅰ Illustrated Words and Concepts
Figure 12-1 Elevations Determined by Transit and Leveling Rod
Unit 12
Construction Surveying
Unit 12
Part Ⅱ
Construction Surveying
Passage A
Passages
he construction surveyor will find that his work is quite varied. One day he may be doing topographic work for a proposed building, while on another he may be setting stakes for pipeline excavation. It is often necessary for him to make measurements before and after some types of work, e. g., computing quantities of earthwork moved by a contractor. At other times, he will set stakes to guide the construction of foundations; he may be aligning the columns of a steel frame building, or checking a completed structure to see that it is correctly positioned, and so on.
Unit 12
Part Ⅱ
Construction Surveying
Passage B
Passages
The Survey of a Plot Plan The Survey Plat The basic information for the plot plan is found on a survey plat which is drawn by licensed surveyors. They obtain the legal descriptions of the piece of ground from the deed to the property which they receive from the owner.
Unit 12
Part Ⅱ
Construction Surveying
Passage A
Passages
A construction project requires four kinds of surveys for its completion: (1) A property or boundary survey by a registered land surveyor to establish the location and dimensions of the property.