chapter 9英语翻译方法技巧5

• After singing a concert in this city, he said he wanted to greet his admirers backstage as he always does. • 他在那个城市举行了一场音乐会。音乐会结束以后，他提 出要像往常那样到后台去见见他的崇拜者。
理的。
Picking Out of Phrases
• Participial phrases, noun phrases, and prepositional phrases, etc., if hard to reproduce in the original structure, may likewise be picked out and expanded. • Example: • A crashing thunderstorm, with thick rain hissing down from skies black as night, stopped Victor Henry from leaving the White House. • 轰隆几声雷响，从暗如黑夜的天空哗啦啦下起大雨来。维 多克亨利无法离开白宫。 • Nixon was greatly impressed by Stassen’s firm handshake. • 史塔生紧紧和他握手，尼克松对这一点印象很深刻。
• Matter has certain features or properties that enable us to recognize it easily. • 物质具有一定的特征或特性，所以我们能够很容易地识别
它。
• A gas occupies all of any container in which it is placed. • 气体不管装在什么容器里，都会把容器填满。
• The time could have been more profitably spent in making a detailed investigation. • (=If the time had been spent in making a detailed investigation, it could have been more profitable) • 如果当初把时间花在做一番详细的调查上，收获就会更大。 • 英语很多句子中的某个词语，尤其是副词，看上去是修饰与 其相邻的某个成分，但实际上是对整个句子所陈述的内容进 行描述或评价。
• The senior leaders’ departure could curiously help the two parties sink an age-long party feud. • 老一代领导人的离去竟然使这两个政党陷入了长期的不和， 这确实让人百思不得其解。
• The Chinese seemed justifiably proud of their economic achievements. • 中国人似乎为他们在经济上取得的成就而自豪，这是合乎情
• Examples: • It is a familiar fact that nothing in nature will either start or stop moving of itself. • 自然界任何物体的运动都不会自行开始或自行停止运动，
这是人所共知的事实。
• It is far more often the case that metals are combined chemically with one or more elements. • 金属和一种或多种元素化合在一起，这种情况就更多了。
• I had unforgivably, in a stealthy manner, peeped at her correspondence. • 我偷偷摸摸地看她的信件，这实在是难以宽恕的行为。 • They relentlessly tear at the flowers they see. • 他们见花就摘，毫不爱惜。 • He arrived in Washington at a ripe moment internationally. • 他来到华盛顿，就国际形势来说，时机正合适。
• • • • • •
Examples: He reminded me of what I should otherwise have forgotten. 他提醒了我，要不然我就把这事给忘了。 I shall be glad of your company on the journey. 如果你能陪我一块去，我会很高兴。 The prisoners are permitted to receive Red Cross food parcles and write censored letters. • 那些囚犯得到允许，可以领取由红十字会提供的食品包裹， 也可以写信，不过所写信件要接受检查。
他创立了著名的相对论。
• There is now a single accepted pronunciation for the vast majority of words in ordinary polite use, deviation from which is regarded either as a provincialism or as a vulgarism. • 现今日常社交所用的大多数词语的读音已有了一个公认的统 一的标准。不符合这个标准，就被称为方言或俗语了。
• We are fortified in our hope that the efforts of achieving those ends will be greatly strengthened by the arrivial of the Chinese delegation. • 中国代表团的到达将大大加强为实现那些目标的努力，对
• (2) Separate Other Clauses from the Main Clause • We may separate other clauses from the main clause and rearrange the word order, rendering the main clause or the subordinate clause into Chinese independent element (独立成分) or extra-position element (外位成分).
于世。
• This was the period when Einstein began the research which resulted in the creation of his famous Theory of Relativity. • 就在这期间，爱因斯坦开始进行一项研究。经过这项研究，
Splitting of Complex Sentences
A complex sentence, composed of two or more clauses, often expresses a series of logical propositions. In Chinese, however, such notions are preferably expressed in separate clauses or sentences, which are arranged in a certain order. (1) Separate the Adjective Clause from the Main Clause Examples: On behalf of all of your American guests, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world. 我谨代表你们的所有美国客人向你们表示感谢，感谢你们的 无可比拟的盛情款待。中国人民以这种盛情款待而闻名
Picking Out of Words
• It is advisable to pick out those words which are hard to reproduce in the original structure and expand them into Chinese word-groups, clauses or sentences. There are usually three steps to deal with such words: • (1) Determine which word(s) to pick out; • (2) Apply Conversion or Amplification, if necessary, to make the translated version smooth and well-connected; • (3) Rearrange the word order according to the Chinese mode of expression.
Division & Condensation
吴宜涛 2013/5
Contents
• • • • • 拆译法 拆译单词 拆译短语 拆译复合句 拆译整个句子
• 缩译法 • 压缩短语或从句 • 复合句压缩成简单句
• In translation, if we follow the original sentence structure , we may find it hard to reproduce the original thought. Besides other ways to deal with this case, we may divide such a sentence into two or more parts by picking out those words, phrases or clauses which are “hard nuts to crack” and making them into Chinese word-groups, clauses or sentences, coordinate or subordinate. • In division, we have to determine where to divide, how to divide, what the subject or the predicate of the new clause or sentence should be, and how to rearrange various parts of the original sentence. These may involve such techniques as Conversion, Amplification and Inversion.