高中英语必修二第三单元知识点总结知识讲解

高一英语必修2 第三单元短语和知识点归纳和总结一、重点短语归纳和总结1. have something in _________ 和……有共同之处2. comman ______ 惯例3. from ______ on 从现在起4. from ______ on 从那时起5. as a _______ of 作为……的结果6. with the _______ that 结果是7. result ___________ 由……造成；因……而产生8. result ____________ 引起（某种结果）；使获得（某种结果）9. solve a _________ 猜字谜10. reach a goal =__________ a goal = ___________ a goal 实现目标11.be of great value= be very ___________ be of no value= be ______________be of great use = be very _____________ be of no use =be __________be of great interest = be very __________ be of no interest = be _______________12. make the best of =make the __________ of 充分利用= take full __________ of13. come ____________ 实现；成为现实14. give ________ (to sb. ) 成交；交上；屈服；让步15. give __________ 分发；发出气味热等；发表公布；耗尽；筋疲力尽16. give _________ doing sth. 放弃；不再做……17. in the way= in __________ way 挡道；妨碍18. in ________ way 用这种方法19. in _________ way 绝不20. by _________ of 经由；通过……方式21. by the _______ 顺便提一下；另外22. with one’ help = with _____ ______ of 在……的帮助下23. do with 常与连接代词_________ 连用；deal with 常与连接副词________ 连用。

24. watch ______ 期待；等候25. ________ out 注意；小心（用于提醒某人）26. go ______ 走过；经过27. so ……_________ ……如此；以至于28. _________ sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物29. as __________ as 也；和；既……又……30. __________ high quality 高质量的31. human _______ 人类32. _______ fact 事实上；实际上33. ________ a way 在某种程度上34. _______ all 毕竟35. deal _______ 处理；对付36. watch __________ 看守；监视1. common2. practice3. now4. then5. result6. result7. from8. in9. puzzle 10. obtain=achieve 11. valuable valueless useful useless interesting uninteresting 12. most advantage 13. true 14. in 15. out 16. up 17. one’s 18. this 19. no 20. way 21. way 22. the help 23. what how 24. for 25. watch 26. by 27. that 28. share 29. well 30. of 31. race 32. in 33. in 34. after 35. with 36. over二、课本知识点归纳和总结1. look after 照顾，照料=care for2. need=want=require 需要need doing =need to be done3. a good environment and safety 需要好的环境与安全4. as a result 结果5. endangered 濒危的6. die out 灭绝die off 相继死去die of 表示死的原因，die 后既可接介词of，也可接from, 两者的区别是：一、若死因存在于人体之上或之内（主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因)，一般用介词of。

如：die of illness (heart trouble, cancer, a fever, etc) 死于疾病(心脏病，癌症，发烧等)二、若死因不是存在人体之内或之上，而是由环境造成的(主要指事故等方面的外部原因)，一般用介词from 。

如：die from an earthquake (a traffic accident, a lightning, a stroke, etc) 死于地震(交通事故，雷击等)三、若死因是环境影响到体内，即两方面共有的原因，则可用of, from 均可。

如：die of [from]a drink ( a wound, overwork, starvation, hunger and cold, etc) 死于饮酒(受伤，劳累过度，饥饿，饥寒等)但是在实际运用中，两者混用的情况较多。

7. a report on sth 一个关于……的报告8. too much后加名词，much too 后加adj或adv. too much dust 太多灰尘9. remain to be seen 有待于拭目以待10. in peace 处于和平状态没有in the peace, 没有in peace of 这样的表达11. know of = know about 知道了解12. in danger of 面临危险13. had always longed to do sth. always 总是，这是完成时的标志。

by +时间，since 都是完成时的标志。

14. wake up 睡醒15. a flying carpet 一个飞毯16. take sb. to sp. 带某人去某地17. at once 立刻，马上18. fly away 飞走了19. see an antelope looking sad see sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事20. make sweaters 制作毛衣21. so ……that 如此……以至于22. next minute 用作连词，表示转眼间23. turn around 转身24. take my photo 照相25. in relief 如释重负，松了口气26. burst into laughter 突然大笑起来27. used to do sth. 通常干某事28. without mercy 毫无仁慈have mercy on sb. 对某人又仁慈之心29. only a certain number of sth. 只有少数的某物only+单个主语不倒装，only + 状语或状语从句放于句首时，倒装主语，不倒装从句。

30. suggest 一是表“建议”，二是表“表明”。

suggest doing 建议干某事表建议：可接that 宾语从句,that从句用should+动词原形,should可以省略.She suggested that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday. 她建议班会不要在星期六举行.表"暗示、表明"的意思.其主语往往是事物,而不是人.1)接名词或动名词作宾语.The simple house suggested a modest income. 这座简朴的房子表明(房主的)收入并不高.Her pale face suggested bad health. 她脸色苍白,看来身体不好.The thought of summer suggests swimming. 一想到夏天就使人们联想到游泳.31. news 不可数名词，一条新闻a piece of news32. protect sb. from sth. 保护某人免受某事protect sb. from doing sth.prevent sb. from doing sth= stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人干某事=keep sb. from doing sth.33. mosquitoes 复数形式+es34. over my body 遍及全身35. affect=have an effect on 影响36. pay more attention to更多注意37. appreciate doing sth. 欣赏，感激某事I appreciate it if 其中it 做形式宾语38. no rainforest, no animals, no drugs. 没有雨林，就没有动物，也就没有药物了。

39. disappear 系动词，无被动语态，不用于进行时40. do harm to sth. 对某物有害be harmful to sth. 对某物有害，注意介词一定用to.41. sell well 很畅销，完成时态：has sold very well42. go down to 下降到43. tens of thousands of 成千上万的44. come into being 开始形成，产生45. a number of 许多的后加可数名词的复数形式46. not only but also 不但……而且47. in such a short time 在如此短的时间48. according to 根据，按照49. some reason 某个原因= a certain reason 某个原因50. survive sth. 经历……得以幸存survive the earthquake, accident, rainstorm等Once, lately at night, an Englishman came out of his room into a passage of the hotel and ask the servant to bring her a glass of water. The servant did like he was asked. The Englishman returned his room, and a few minutes later he came into the passage again and once more asked the servant a glass of water. Every a few minutes the Englishman would come out of his room and repeated his request. After half an hour the astonishing servant decided to ask the man what he was doing with the water. "Nothing," answered him calmly. "It's simply that the room is on fire.The most widespread fallacy（谬论）of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in isolated arctic regions explorers have reported people are free from colds until they come into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mails dropped from airplanes.During the First World War soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches（战壕）, cold and wet, showed no increased tendency to catch colds.In the Second World War prisoners at the Auschwitz concentration camp, naked and starving, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds. At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in a drafty（通风良好的）room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.If, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter？Despite the most pains-taking research, no one has yet found the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.31. The writer offered _______ examples to support his argument.A. 4B. 5C. 6D. 732. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. The Eskimos suffer from colds from time to time.B. Colds are not always caused by cold.C. People suffer from colds just because they like to stay indoors.D. A person may catch a cold by touching someone who already has one.33. Arctic explorers may catch colds when they are _______.A. working in the isolated arctic regionsB. writing reports in terribly cold weatherC. free from work in the isolated arctic regionsD. coming into touch again with the outside world34. V olunteers taking part in the experiments in the Common Cold Research Unit _______.A. suffered a lotB. never caught coldsC. often caught coldsD. became very strong35. The passage mainly discusses _______.A. the experiments on the common coldB. the fallacy about the common coldC. the reason and the way people catch coldsD. the continued spread of common colds通知1．假如你校学生会（Students’ Union）要举办一次英语演讲比赛(contest)，请你用英语写一篇书面通知，以便张贴到布告栏上。