基于RFID的供应链仓储管理外文文献翻译
【精品】RFID基本原理的英文文献翻译
R F I D基本原理的英文文献翻译毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译系别：电子信息系专业：通信工程班级： B090310姓名：陈少雄学号： B09031002外文出处：网络资源附件： 1.原文； 2. 译文2013年03月20日RFID Basic PrincipleWhat is the RFID?RFID is the abbreviation for Radio Frequency Identification, called electronics label .What is the RFID technology?RFID recognition is a non-contact automatic identification technology, rf signal through its automatic target recognition and access to relevant data, identify work without manual intervention, it can work in various environments. RFID technology can identify high-speed moving objects and can identify multiple tags, the operation is fast and convenient.Accenture laboratory's chief scientist sir alex ferguson feels RFID is a breakthrough technology: "first, can identify a very specific objects, rather like the code that can identify class objects; second, the use of rf, can read data through external materials, and bar code must rely on laser to read information; third, can also read on to multiple objects, and bar code can only read one by one. In addition, store of information is also very big."What is the basic component of RFID?The most basic RFID system consists of three parts:Tag:Tag consists of components and chips, each Tag has only electronic coding, adhere to the object for identifiering target;Reader:read (sometimes also can write) label information equipment,it canbe designed for portable or fixed;Antenna: Transmit radio frequency signals between in the label and reader.The basic principle of RFID technology is what?The basic principle of RFID technology is not complex: Label into the field, Receive radio frequency signals from reader collision, with all the energy stored in a chip of the product information （ passive tag, there is no source label or labels ）,Or actively to send a frequency signals（ active tag and to label or labels ）； to read information and understanding of the decoder after the central information systems to carry out the relevant data processing.What makes retailers so highly RFID?Sanford Bernstein cristiano, according to analysts estimate the retailing company, by adopting the RFID, wal-mart can save $8.35 billion each year, mostly because of the purchase of artificial view does not need to save the cost of labor code. Although some analysts think $8 billion in the digital too optimistic, but undoubtedly, RFID help solve the problem: the two biggest retail commodities and loss (broken by theft and supply chain was unsettled and loss of products),now a wal-mart, stealing a loss is almost 20 billion dollars, if a legitimate business turnover can achieve this number, can in American 1,000 enterprise's list of top first 694. Research organizations estimate, This rfid technology can help to reduce the level of 25% reduction and stock. The typical application of RFID technology is what?Logistics and supply managementManufacturing and assemblyAirline baggage handlingMail/express parcelA document tracking/library managementAnimal identity tagsMovementAccess control/electronic ticketsAutomatic charge. RoadRFID automatic recognition term explanationmicro wave: wavelength of 0.1-100 centimeters or frequency in 1-100GHZ electromagnetic wave.radiation frequency: usually microwave.electronic tags: stored data object code identification tag, also calledrf CARDS.passive tags: without power and internal by receiving microwave energy work.active tags: by internal batteries work labels.microwave antenna: used for launching and receive a signal.read device: Used to read the labels in electronic data.programming device: for electronic data written to the label or labels for thestored data.beam bracketing: refers to the antenna beam range of microwave irradiation range launch power.tag capacity: The label of programming can be written in the number of digits or logical.A - Biz -utomatic identification technology application case frameASN - senior freight noticeBIS - commercial information systemDA - shipment notificationEAN --European articles coding EPCTM - electronic productsONS - objects name resolution servicesPML - entity markup languageUCC - unity coding committeeUML - unified modeling languageSystem composition and working principleThe most basic RFID system consists of three parts:Tag:Tag consists of components and chips, each Tag has only electronic coding, adhere to the object for identifiering target;Reader:read (sometimes also can write) label information equipment,it canbe designed for portable or fixed;Antenna: Transmit radio frequency signals between in the label and reader.Some systems have readers RS232 or RS485 interface with external computer (upper computer system) connection, and exchange data.The system of basic workflow is: reader through the antenna send certain frequencies of rf signals, when the rf card to enter the antenna working area induced current, rf cards gain energy to be activated, rf cards will own coding information through the card built-in transmitting antenna send out, System receiving aerial from rf card from the carrier signal, the antenna of a regulator to the reader, the reader to receive a signal and demodulates and decodes to the system to deal with therelevant ； the main system based on logic, determine the legality of smart cards, in different settings make the appropriate treatment and control signals control and direction of movement. in the coupling between inductors and electromagnetic way (), communication process (FDX, HDX, SEQ)、From rf card to the reader of data transmission of the load method (modulation, reverse scattering, high time harmonics) and frequency, from the contact method transmission a fundamental difference, but all the reader in principle, and the decision of the design structures are very similar. all the reader is a simple matter of high frequency and control unit two basic module. high frequency interface includes both transmitters and receivers, its functions include: to produce high-frequency transmit power to start and provide rf card energy. To launch signal used to send data to rf CARDS, Receive and demodulation of high frequency signals from rf CARDS. Different rfid system with some difference frequency interface design, the system frequency inductive coupling interface diagram shown.Readers of the control unit features include: communicate with the application software, Application software and to execute the order of radio frequencies ；control and communication from the principle of the lord - ()； signal of the decoding. to some specific systems are the collision, the algorithm to rf card reader, and to the transfer of data encryption and decryption, as well as on radio frequencies and the reader's authentication for an additional function.The rfid system is a key and distance of the parameters. At present, the price of long-distance rfid system is very expensive, thus to improve their reading for distance of the method is very important. Influence factors of distance and RF card reader, including antenna working frequency of RF output power, reader's reception sensitivity, RF card power, antenna and the resonant circuit Q value, antenna, RF card reader and the direction of the coupling, and RF card itself of energy and send information energy etc. Most of the system of writing is read and write different, read the distance is about 40% to 80%.Theory analysisRFID technology USES radio-frequency mode in the reader and rf card no contact between the bidirectional data transmission, in order to achieve target recognition and data exchange. And the tradition of code, magnetic and IC card, compared with non-contact, rf card reading speed, wear, not by environmental impact, long life, easy to use and has the characteristics of anti-collision function, can handle more CARDS. Abroad, rfid technology has been widely used in industrial automation, commercial automation, transportation control, etc.RFID基本原理什么是RFID?RFID是Radio Frequency Identification的缩写，即射频识别，俗称电子标签。
基于rfid仓储管理系统的设计的参考文献
基于rfid仓储管理系统的设计的参考文献1. Wang, X., & Li, W. (2011). Design and implementation of warehouse management system based on RFID technology. 2011 International Conference on Electric Information and Control Engineering, 2995-2998.2. Wan, J., Zhang, D., & Liu, F. (2013). Design and implementation of RFID-based warehouse management system. 2013 2nd International Conference on Advanced Materials and Information Technology Processing, 70-73.3. Xu, C., & Zhang, Y. (2015). Research on warehouse management system based on RFID technology. 2015 International Conference on Computer Science and Mechanical Automation, 22-25.4. Dennis, T., & Daniel, D. (2016). Design and implementation of RFID-based warehouse management system. International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, 5(2), 57-62.5. Zou, M., & Hong, W. (2017). Design and development of a RFID-based warehouse management system. 2017 2nd International Conference on Communication and Information Systems, 256-260.6. Huang, W., & Shi, Y. (2019). Design and implementation of RFID-based warehouse management system. 2019 International Conference on Green Energy and Environment Engineering, 307-310.这些文献涵盖了基于RFID技术的仓储管理系统的设计和实施方面的研究。
供应链管理外文文献及翻译
供应链管理外文文献及翻译供应链管理的实践和理论已经在全球范围内得到广泛应用和研究。
本篇文献回顾了最近的文献，旨在提供一个有关供应链管理的广泛和多样化的视角。
本文献主要关注采购、生产和物流等方面。
本文献指出了供应链管理的重要性以及不断变化的环境对供应链管理的挑战。
作者还强调了合作伙伴关系、信息共享、风险管理和绩效评估等方面的关键因素。
总的来说，对于供应链管理的研究，应该包括广泛的实践案例和深入的理论研究。
只有这样，才能理解不断变化的环境对供应链管理的影响，从而制定更好的供应链管理策略。
翻译：Supply Chain Management Foreign Literature and TranslationThe practice and theory of supply chain management have been widely applied and studied worldwide. This literature review aims toprovide a broad and diversified perspective on supply chain management, focusing mainly on procurement, production, and logistics.The literature points out the importance of supply chain management and the challenges that the constantly changing environment poses to it. The authors also emphasize critical factors such as partnership relationships, information sharing, risk management, and performance assessment.In general, research on supply chain management should include diverse practical cases and in-depth theoretical studies. Only in this way can we understand the impact of the constantly changing environmenton supply chain management and formulate better supply chain management strategies.。
外文文献及翻译-库房管理系统(FMS)
外文文献及翻译-库房管理系统(FMS)
概述
本文介绍了一种基于RFID技术的库房管理系统(FMS)，该系统具有可拓展性和高效性，可以在多种环境下使用。
基于标签的追踪技术，该系统可以自动监测库房中的物品，从而提高了库存管理的效率。
除此之外，该系统还具有多重质量控制和安全措施，以确保库房中的物品得到有效的管理和保护。
系统组件
该系统由多个组件组成，主要包括RFID读写器、标签、传感器、数据库和用户界面等。
RFID读写器和标签用于监测库房中物品的位置和数量。
传感器则用于检测库房的环境条件，例如温度和湿度等。
数据库则用于储存和管理物品信息，同时提供数据分析和报告等功能。
用户界面则为用户提供了可视化和交互式的界面，以便于用户实时监测库房中的物品情况。
系统优势
相比传统的库房管理方式，该系统具有以下优势：
- 实时监测库房中物品的位置和数量。
- 减少了手动操作，提高了效率和准确性。
- 多重质量控制和安全措施确保库房中物品得到有效的管理和保护。
- 可拓展性高，可以适用于多种环境。
系统应用
该系统可以广泛应用于各种行业和场合，例如：
- 仓储和物流行业
- 医药和生物科学行业
- 工业制造业
- 客户服务和零售业
结论
库房管理系统(FMS)是一种基于RFID技术的高效管理系统，具有实时监测、质量控制和安全保护等优势。
该系统可以广泛应用于多种行业和场合，是一种值得推广的库房管理方式。
毕业设计基于RFID的库存管理系统
基于RFID的库存管理系统Inventory Management System Based on RFID摘要射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification, RFID)作为一种快速、实时、准确采集与处理信息的高新枝术和信息标准化的基础,被列为本世纪十人重要技术之一。
RFID技术已逐渐成为企业提高物流供应链管理水平，降低成本，企业管理信息化,参与国际经济大循环，增强企业核心竞争力不可缺少的技术工具和手段。
本文首先介绍了了RFID的系统组成，工作原理，发展历史，技术标准现状以及RFID在管理中的应用。
然后通过对ODBC和JDBC的讨论，确定了两种中间件的特点。
本文利用JBuilder 9。
0，SQL Server 2000，JDBC设计了基于RFID 的库存管理系统。
该系统分为登陆模块,查询模块，出库模块，入库模块。
文中详细列出了各个模块的程序流程图，完成带有RFID的货物在库存中的流动模拟.其中程序的核心部分是实现了数据库的建立和针对数据库的查询等操作.本文的最后列写出了对于ＲＦＩＤ发展前景的展望。
关键词：RFID，库存管理,JDBC，SQL Server 2000AbstractAs a speedy, real-time, accurate information collection and procession technology Radio Frequency Identification has been ranked as one of the most important technology in this century. RFID has gradually become a necessary technological means for manufacture to improve supply chain management，reduce cost, realize management information，joins in international economy circle，strength enterprises’ core compatibility。
RFID技术外文翻译文献
RFID技术外文翻译文献(文档含中英文对照即英文原文和中文翻译)原文：Current RFID TechnologyThis section describes out of which parts RFID tags consist of, how they work in principle, and what types of tags do exist. It focuses on how tags are powered and what frequency ranges is used. The section concludes by covering a few important standards.RFID transponders (tags) consist in general of: Micro chip, Antenna, Case, Battery (for active tags only)The size of the chip depends mostly on the Antenna. Its size and form is dependent on the frequency the tag is using. The size of a tag alsodepends on its area of use. It can range from less than a millimeter for implants to the size of a book in container logistic. In addition to the micro chip, some tags also have rewritable memory attached where the tag can store updates between reading cycles or new data like serial numbers.A RFID tag is shown in figure 1. The antenna is clearly visible. As said before the antenna has the largest impact of the size of the tag. The microchip is visible in the center of the tag, and since this is a passive tag it does not have an internal power sourceIn principle an RFID tag works as follows: the reading unit generates an electro-magnetic field which induces a current into the tag's antenna. The current is used to power the chip. In passive tags the current also charges a condenser which assures uninterrupted power for the chip. In active tags a battery replaces the condenser. The difference between active and passive tags is explained shortly. Once activated the tag receives commands from the reading unit and replies by sending its serial number or the requested information. In general the tag does not have enough energy to create its own electro-magnetic field, instead it uses back scattering to modulate (reflect/absorb) the field sent by the reading unit. Because most fluids absorb electro-magnetic fields and most metal reflect those fields the reading of tags in presence of those materials is complicated.During a reading cycle, the reader has to continuously power the tag. The created field is called continuous wave, and because the strength of the field decreases with the square of the distance the readers have to use a rather large power. That field overpowers any response a tag could give, so therefore tags reply on side-channels which are located directly below and above the frequency of the continuous wave.1. Energy SourcesWe distinguish 3 types of RFID tags in relation to power or energy: Passive, Semi-passive, Active Passive tags do not have an internal power source, and they therefore rely on the power induced by the reader. This means that the reader has to keep up its field until the transaction is completed. Because of the lack of a battery, these tags are the smallest and cheapest tags available; however it also restricts its reading range to a range between 2mm and a few meters. As an added benefit those tags are also suitable to be produced by printing. Furthermore their lifespan is unlimited since they do not depend on an internal power source.The second type of tags is semi-passive tags. Those tags have an internal power source that keeps the micro chip powered at all times. There are many advantages: Because the chip is always powered it can respond faster tore quests, therefore increasing the number of tags that can be queried per second which is important to some applications. Furthermore, since the antenna is not required for collecting power it canbe optimized for back scattering and therefore increasing the reading range. And last but not least, since the tag does not use any energy from the field the back scattered signal is stronger, increasing the range even further. Because of the last two reasons, a semi-active tag has usually a range larger than a passive tag.The third type of tags is active tags. Like semi-active tags they contain an internal power source but they use the energy supplied for both, to power the micro chip and to generate a signal on the antenna. Active tags that send signals without being queried are called beacons. An active tag's range can be tens of meters, making it ideal for locating objects or serving as landmark points. The lifetime is up to 5 years.2. Frequency BandsRFID tags fall into three regions in respect to frequency: Low frequency (LF, 30- 500kHz), High frequency (HF.10-15MHz), Ultra high frequency (UHF, 850- 950MHz, 2.4-2.5GHz, 5.8GHz)Low frequency tags are cheaper than any of the higher frequency tags. They are fast enough for most applications, however for larger amounts of data the time a tag has to stay in a readers range will increase. Another advantage is that low frequency tags are least affected by the presence of fluids or metal. The disadvantage of such tags is their short reading range. The most common frequencies used for low frequency tags are 125-134.2 kHz and 140-148.5 kHz.High frequency tags have higher transmission rates and ranges but also cost more than LF tags. Smart tags are the most common member of this group and they work at 13.56MHz. UHF tags have the highest range of all tags. It ranges from 3-6 meters for passive tags and 30+ meters for active tags. In addition the transmission rate is also very high, which allows to read a single tag in a very short time. This feature is important where tagged entities are moving with a high speed and remain only for a short time in a readers range. UHF tags are also more expensive than any other tag and are severely affected by fluids and metal. Those properties make UHF mostly useful in automated toll collection systems. Typical frequencies are 868MHz (Europe), 915MHz (USA), 950MHz (Japan), and 2.45GHz.Frequencies for LF and HF tags are license exempt and can be used worldwide; however frequencies for UHF tags differ from country to country and require a permit.3. StandardsThe wide range of possible applications requires many different types of tags, often with conflicting goals (e.g. low cost vs. security). That is reflected in the number of standards. A short list of RFID standards follows: ISO11784, ISO11785, ISO14223, ISO10536, ISO14443, ISO15693, ISO18000. Note that this list is not exhaustive. Since the RFID technology is not directly Internet related it is not surprising that there are no RFCs available. There cent hype around RFID technologyhas resulted in an explosion in patents. Currently there are over 1800 RFID related patents issued (from 1976 to 2001) and over 5700 patents describing RFID systems or applications are backlogged.4. RFID SystemsA RFID reader and a few tags are in general of little use. The retrieval of a serial number does not provide much information to the user nor does it help to keep track of items in a production chain. The real power of RFID comes in combination with a backend that stores additional information such as descriptions for products and where and when a certain tag was scanned. In general a RFID system has a structure as depicted in figure 2. RFID readers scan tags, and then forward the information to the backend. The backend in general consists of a database and a well defined application interface. When the backend receives new information, it adds it to the database and if needed performs some computation on related fields. The application retrieves data from the backend. In many cases, the application is collocated with the reader itself. An example is the checkout point in a supermarket (Note that the given example uses barcodes instead of RFID tags since they are more common; however, the system would behave in exactly the same way if tags were used). When the reader scans the barcode, the application uses the derived identifier to look up the current price. In addition, the backend also provides discount information for qualifying products. The backendalso decreases the number of available products of that kind and notifies the manager if the amount falls below a certain threshold.This section describes how RFID tags work in general, what types of tags exist and how they differ. The three frequency ranges that RFID tags typically use are LF, HF, and UHF. Also the difference between passive, semi-passive, and active tags was explained and their advantages and disadvantages were compared. The section concluded by looking at different standards and showed the great interest of the industry by counting the number of issued and backlogged patents [US Patent Office].翻译：当前的RFID技术该节描述的是RFID标签由哪些部分组成、工作原理和确实存在的标签类型，关注标签的供电方式和使用频率范围。
供应链管理外文翻译文献
供应链管理外文翻译文献供应链管理外文翻译文献(文档含中英文对照即英文原文和中文翻译)Supply Chain ManagementThe so-called supply chain, in fact, from suppliers, manufacturers, warehouses, istribution centers and channels, and so constitute a logistics network. The same enterprise may constitute the different components of this network node, but the situation is different from a corporate network in different nodes. For example, in a supply chain, companies may not only in the same manufacturers, storage nodes, and in distribution centers, such as possession node location. In the more detailed division of labor, the higher the rofessional requirements of the supply chain, different nodes are basically composed by different enterprises. In the supply chain flows between the member units of raw materials, finished products, such as inventory and production constitutes the supply chain of goods flow.That is, to meet a certain level of customer service under the conditions, in order to make the whole supply chain to minimize costs and the suppliers, manufacturers, warehouses, distribution centers and channels, and so effectively organized together to carry out Product manufacturing, transport, distribution and sales management.From the above definition, we can be interpreted to include supply chain anagement of rich content.First of all, supply chain management products to meet customer demand in the process of the cost implications of various members of the unit are taken intoaccount, including from raw material suppliers, manufacturers to the warehouse distribution center to another channel. However, in practice in the supply chain analysis, it is necessary to consider the supplier's suppliers and customers of the customers, because their supply chain performance is also influential.Second, supply chain management is aimed at the pursuit of the whole supply chain's overall efficiency and cost effectiveness of the system as a whole, always trying to make the total system cost to a minimum. Therefore, the focus of supply chain management is not simply a supply chain so that members of the transportation costs to minimize or reduce inventory, but through the use of systems approach to coordinate the supply chain members so that the entire supply chain total cost of the minimum so that the whole supply chain System in the most fluent in the operation.Third, supply chain management is on the suppliers, manufacturers, warehouses, distribution centers and organically integrate the channel into one to start this problem, so many businesses, including its level of activities, including the strategic level, tactical and operational level Level, and so on.Although the actual logistics management, only through the organic supply chain integration, enterprises can significantly reduce costs and improve service levels, but in practice the supply chain integration is very difficult, it is because: First of all, in the supply chain There are different members of different and conflicting objectives. For example, providers generally want manufacturers to purchase large quantities of stable, and flexible delivery time can change; desire to the contrary with suppliers, although most manufacturers are willing toimplement long-term production operations, but they must take into account the needs of its customers and to make changes Positive response, which requires manufacturers choice and flexibility in procurement strategy. Therefore, suppliers and manufacturers to the goal of flexibility in the pursuit of the objectives inevitably exist between the contradictions.Secondly, the supply chain is a dynamic system, with time and constantly changing. In fact, customers not only demand and supply capacity to change over time, supply chain and the relationship between the members will change over time. For example, the increased purchasing power with customers, suppliers and manufacturers are facing greater pressure to produce more and more personalized varieties of high-quality products, then ultimately the production of customized products.Research shows that effective supply chain management can always make the supply chain of enterprises will be able to maintain stability and a lasting competitive advantage, thus increasing the overall supply chain competitiveness. Statistics show that, supply chain management will enable the effective implementation of enterprise total cost of about 20 per cent decline in the supply chain node on the enterprise-time delivery rate increased by 15 percent or more, orders to shorten the production cycle time 20 percent to 30 percent, supply chain Node on the enterprise value-added productivity increased by 15 percent or more. More and more enterprises have already recognized that the implementation of supply chain management of the great benefits, such as HP,IBM, DELL, such as supply chain management in the practice of the remarkable achievements made is proof.Supply chain management: it from a strategic level and grasp the overall perspective of the end-user demand, through effective cooperation between enterprises, access from the cost, time, efficiency, flexibility, and so the best results. From raw materials to end-users of all activities, the whole chain of process management.SCM (supply chain management) is to enable enterprises to better procurement of manufactured products and services required for raw materials, production of goods and services and their delivery to clients, the combination of art and science. Supply chain management, including the five basic elements.Plan: This is a strategic part of SCM. You need a strategy to manage all the resources to meet our customers for your products. Good plan is to build a series of methods to monitor the supply chain to enable it to effective, low-cost delivery of high quality for customers and high-value products or services.Procurement: you can choose the products and services to provide goods and services providers, and suppliers to establish a pricing, delivery and payment processes and create methods to monitor and improve the management, and the suppliers to provide goods and services Combined with management processes, including the delivery and verification of documentation, transfer of goods to your approval of the manufacturing sector and payments to suppliers and so on.Manufacturing: arrangements for the production, testing, packaged and ready for delivery, supply chain measurement is the largest part of the contents, including the level of quality, product yield and productivity of workers, such as the measurement.Delivery: a lot of "insider" as "logistics", is to adjust the user's orders receipts, the establishment of the storage network, sending and delivery service delivery personnel to the hands of customers, the establishment of commodity pricing system, receiving payments.Return: This is the supply chain problems in the handling part. Networking customers receive the refund of surplus and defective products, and customer applications to provide support for the problem.Source70 in the late 20th century, Keith Oliver adoption and Skf, Heineken, Hoechst, Cadbury-Schweppes, Philips, and other contact with customers in the process of gradually formed its own point of view. And in 1982, "Financial Times" magazine in an article on the supply chain management (SCM) of the significance, Keith Oliver was that the word will soon disappear, but "SCM" not only not disappeared, and quickly entered the public domain , The concept of the managers of procurement, logistics, operations, sales and marketing activities sense a great deal.EvolutionSupply chain has never been a universally accepted definition, supply chain management in the development process, many experts and scholars have putforth a lot of definition, reflecting the different historical backgrounds, in different stages of development of the product can be broadly defined by these For the three stages:1, the early view was that supply chain is manufacturing enterprises in an internal process2, but the supply chain concept of the attention of the links with other firms 3, the last of the supply chain concept of pay more attention around the core of the network links between enterprises, such as core business with suppliers, vendors and suppliers, and even before all the relations, and a user, after all the users and to the relationship.ApplySupply chain management involves four main areas: supply, production planning, logistics, demand. Functional areas including product engineering, product assurance, procurement, production control, inventory control, warehouse management, distribution management. Ancillary areas including customer service, manufacturing, design engineering, accounting, human resources, marketing.Supply Chain Management implementation steps: 1, analysis of market competition environment, identify market opportunities, 2, analysis of customer value, 3, identified competitive strategy, 4, the analysis of the core competitiveness of enterprises, 5, assessment, selection of partners For the supply chain partners of choice, can follow the following principles:1, partners must have available the core of their competitiveness.2, enterprises have the same values and strategic thinking3, partners must Fewer but Better.CaseAs China's largest IT distributor, Digital China in China's supply chain management fields in the first place. In the IT distribution model generally questioned the circumstances, still maintained a good momentum of development, and CISCO, SUN, AMD, NEC, IBM, and other famous international brands to maintain good relations of cooperation. e-Bridge trading system in September 2000 opening, as at the end of March 2003, and 6.4 billion yuan in transaction volume. In fact, this is the Digital China from the traditional distribution supply chain services to best reflect the changes. In the "distribution of services is a" concept, Digital China through the implementation of change channels, expansion of product and service operations, increasing its supply chain in the value of scale and specialized operations, to meet customer demand on the lower reaches of the In the course of the supply chain system can provide more value-added services, with more and more "IT services" color.供应链管理所谓供应链，其实就是由供应商、制造商、仓库、配送中心和渠道商等构成的物流网络。
基于RFID技术的物联网在物流管理中的应用英文版
The application of RFID-based “Internet of Things”in Logistics ManagementAuthors Name/s per 1st Affiliation (Author) line 1 (of Affiliation): dept. name of organization line 2: name of organization, acronyms acceptableline 3: City, Countryline 4: e-mail address if desired Authors Name/s per 2nd Affiliation (Author) line 1 (of Affiliation): dept. name of organization line 2: name of organization, acronyms acceptableline 3: City, Countryline 4: e-mail address if desiredAbstract—:Internet of Things is an object link to object internet established by using computers and technologies such as RFID, wireless data communication based on internet. RFID technology has been widely used in industry, commerce, transportation and many other fields. The paper demonstrated the advantage of Internet of Things supported and based on RFID technology and projected the facilitating function to logistics development through Internet of Things technology improvement.Keywords—RFID technology, Internet of Things, LogisticsI.Brief Introduction of Internet of ThingsIn 2009, the Chinese government brought forward the plan “Perception of China”, which strongly supported the development of Internet of China and aimed to promote Internet of Things to the second position in the national five major emerging industries of strategic importance. Premier Wen Jiabao pointed out on 7th Aug. 2009 during his visit to Internet of Things Technology Research & Development Center, Chinese Academy of Science in Wuxi” Core technologies need to be broken through, sensing technology and TD-SCDMA technology need to be combined”. In 2010 it was mentioned in the Government’s Work Report during NCP and CPPCC by Wen Jiabao that “to foster the research, development and application of Internet of Thing s”, since then Internet of Things gradually walks into our sights.Internet of Things is an object link to object internet established by using computers and technologies such as RFID, wireless data communication based on internet. The essence is the realization of articles / commodities auto identification and information interlink and sharing by using RFID technology and internet. RFID technology is one of the core technologies utilized in Internet of Things.II.I NTRODUCTION OF RFID T ECHNOLOGY RFID is the abbreviation for “Radio Frequency Identification”, it is a kind of non-contact auto identification technology. Through radio frequency signals, targets can be identified and relevant data can be obtained without manual interference and can be used in all kinds of adverse environment. RFID technology plays a decisive role in the realization of Internet of Things. From the system structure aspect, the Internet of Things consists of three levels, that is, perception level, transmission level and intelligent application level. Perception level is located at the very fore end of information collection and is fundamental for the realization of Internet of Things. RFID is the most important technology in perception level.The simplest RFID technology consists of three parts –EPC label, reader and physical markup language.When EPC label gets into magnetic field, it will receive radio frequency signals from reader, and then product information that stored in the chips will be sent out by energy obtained through induction current or the EPC label will actively send out signal with certain frequency which will be received and decoded by reader, then will be sent to central information system for data processing. RFID has the following advantages – non-contact, long working distance, be able to work under adverse circumstance, can identify moving objects, etc.A. EPC LabelEPC label consists of antenna, integrated circuit, antenna interface and bottom section and it has three different types –active, passive and semi-active. Active EPC label has a battery, which will provide energy to ensure circuit operation in microchip and send signals to reader; passive label is without battery and energy will be obtained from reader; for semi-active label, a battery will be used to provide energy for the operation of microchip, however, energy used for sending and receiving signal is from reader.B. ReaderRFID reader is also names as read-out device; auto identification of objects can be done by reading and identifying electronic data stored in electronic label. The communication between reader and EPC label is non-contact, and realized through alternative electromagnetic field or electromagnetic field space coupling and radio frequency signal modulation & demodulation techniques. Reader not only provides one channel for data transmission with EPC label, but also conducts signal status control, parity checking and information modification by using a certain way of calculation. According to different structures or technologies utilized, reader can be read only or read & write device, can be RFID systematic information control and processing center. According to different application, reader can be portable type or fixed type. Presently the cost of reader is very high and most of them canonly work with a single frequency. With the development of technologies, readers are developing towards small size, portable, modularized and embedded type, the cost will be lower, will be able to work under several different frequencies and capable to identify label information with different frequencies.C. Physical Markup Language (PML)EPC code is for identification of individual product, while PML is used to describe all product information. Besides the description of fixed product information, such as compositions, PML can be used to describe dynamic data and time series data. For dynamic data, it refers to food temperature or vibration level of certain machine, etc. Time series data means data which is discrete and varies intermittently, for example, thelocation where product is kept. All these data are stored in PML server, which is maintained by the manufacturer and the manufacturer is also responsible to input all commodity information for his product.D. The Application of Radio Frequency IdentificationTechnology in Internet of ThingsThe application of RFID technology oversea started out earlier and the technology is relatively mature, however, the application of RFID technology in china is still at the primary stage. Since recent years, the development of RFID technology in china speed has speeded up and RFID technology has been used in wider field. It has been widely used in fields like industry, commerce and intelligent transportation system, for instance, high way auto tolling system, parking lot management system, the production, storing, distribution and sales of product, electronic wallet, animal tracking and management etc. with the development of logistics practice and theory, RFID technology has draw more and more attention from all sectors and levels of society. However, the development of logistics in china is still at the early stage and many issues need to be addressed urgently, which is unfavorable for the stable and reliable operation of logistics. Among all the issues faced, logistics safety worth the most concern.III.L OGISTICS STUDYThe logistics operational process consists of three major parts, that is, logistic transportation, logistic warehousing and value added. Logistic transportation including transportation, loading and unloading, handling and distribution; value added process includes processing, packaging and information service. The internal safety issue analysis for logistics will be conducted from people behavior, technology and equipment perspectives in above three major parts.A. Logistics TransportationLogistics transportation in china is mainly by means of planes, ships and cars and transportation via cars is the most common type. The safety issue related with car transportation is really serious due to unacceptable practice, such as overload car, improper status of the driver, usage of scrapped cars, etc. B. Logistics WarehousingWarehousing not only facilitates product inspection, gathering and maintenance, but also maximally keeps the utilization value for product and reduces any loss during warehousing stage. The warehousing capability in china still has a long way to go before meeting the actual demand for logistics warehousing. The environment, safety protection and emergency action plan for auxiliary warehousing facilities, such as warehouse, cannot meet the requirement of modern logistics operation; the technology and facilities used by warehousing is not updated, the overall competency of warehousing management personnel is not high enough, etc. All these factors will definitely result in product damage, deterioration or loss during logistic process, which will bring immeasurable loss to logistic industry or even affect the surrounding business.C. Value-added processIf commodity is not handled properly during distribution processing and packaging process, the environment will be greatly affected or even tremendous risks/ accidents will be triggered. For some special commodities, for example, chemical agent, fuel, if distribution and process is not properly handled based on its special properties; it is very likely that disaster will occur. Therefore, packaging and distribution process are very critical, which have close connection with technology and manpower –prompt and accurate commodity identification, sorting and selection can be achieved through high technology; people with profound knowledge with technology support and work experience will be able to conduct correct management and planning.However, safety issues occurred occasionally due to lack of effective inspection method and excellent packing workers, sometimes packing issues happens during export process. In 1998 wooden packaging was refused by united stated due to vermin this year and all commodities with wooden package were not permitted to get into American territory, consequently, rejection of wooden packaging occurred in other countries as well. In a word, this is because of lacking high level knowledgeable people, advanced technology and equipment.Information safety is becoming more and more obvious as information safety level in china is very low. Perfect logistics information system has not been established in most of the domestic logistics enterprise or relevant logistics management dept; satisfactory software and hardware have not been equipped and high level information system management personnel is not enough. As a matter of fact, the lack ofaccurate, timely information transmission and feedback has a great impact to the whole logistics system.IV.I NTERNET OF T HINGS SYSTEM THAT BASED ON RFIDT ECHNOLOGYThe application system of Internet of things includes there parts – RFID system, middleware system (savant system) and internet. Internet of things is applied in the whole process of logistics. Electronic label with EPC code will be stuck on product as soon as it is produced and the label will go through with product until the end of its life cycle. As the unique identity mark for commodity, EPC code not only stores all information for a single product, but real time checking and update of relevant information can be done on internet through EPC code, that is, we can read and write product information, we are also able to track and position product during logistics process.During transportation, sales, usage and recycling, the reader is able to conduct real-time monitoring to the label at a certain reading range and the EPC data stored in the label will be transmitted to the savant system, by using the EPC data, the middleware can position the IP address of EPC information server on internet DNS server, then product status will be captured, such as whether product is safely delivered, the sales status etc. in addition, based on actual requirements, it also enables product data recording and modification through local EPC information server and source EPC information server.V.T HE A PPLICATION OF I NTERNET OF T HINGS INL OGISTICSVia internet, RFID and other wireless data communication technologies, Internet of things is able to identify and track single product. Based on this property, it will be very promising to apply internet of things to each section of logistics to ensure safety and timeliness of commodity production, transportation, warehousing, sales and consumption process A. Logistics management system model under RFID-basedInternet of ThingsIn order to achieve cooperation and prompt response among supplier, manufacturer, distributor and retailer, one RFID-based logistics management system is established.B. Logistics production and transportation fieldBy using internet, we will be able to obtain the information stored on electronic label timely, know the location of product and conduct auto tracking. Raw material supply management and product sales management are very critical to manufacturer, the application of internet of things will definitely facilitate the dynamic tracking of transportation and information capture, which will help to recall unqualified product timely, reduce product return rate, increase service quality and strengthen customer’s trust to the product. In addition, the increasing communication between manufacturer and customers enables a quick response to market demand, capture market information at the first time then production can be organized, workers and production material can be properly arranged and investment risk resulting from bullwhip effect can be reduced or even avoided.For forwarders, data can be acquired automatically through electronic product code EPC and goods will be sorted out, then good receiving and delivering cost can be reduced. Furthermore, the uniqueness and difficult to imitate properties of EPC electronic code can be used to differentiate real and false product. As EPC has a wide reading range, it allows tracking of auto custom declaration and transportation route which ensures product safety during transportation process. Even though, there are some un-expectations happen during transportation, product can be accurately positioned, remedy countermeasures can be carried out timely to reduce loss to a minimum level, which will dramatically increase the delivery reliability and effectiveness, improve service quality for the forwarder. Additionally, through EPC forwarder is able to provide new information value-added service, return can be increased consequently and assets safety can be maintained. C. Logistics Warehousing FieldThe information collection for products that enter into or delivered from warehouse becomes easier and more accurate due to the utilization of Internet of thing. The advantage of electronic labels allows product information be put into corresponding database, which can be used for product sorting out, categorized, stacked and managed after data processing. We can also prevent product stealing or product loss due to operators’negligence, increase inventory safety management level by installing auto record by scanning product in warehouse. Nowadays, it has been widely adopted by good/ product checking, product auto accessing and other fields.D. Sales Management FieldPrompt information transmission of Internet of Things enables it to get out of stock information timely and feedback to warehouse management system in the sales field, the information will be collected and be transferred to distributor at upper level or manufacturer. The prompt information transmission is in favor of the proper production arrangement by supplier at upper stream and reduction of business risk. In goods transfer section, the application of RFID technology greatly promotes goods sorting out, distribution and delivery speed. Meanwhile, smooth sales can be achieved by real-time supervision of goods transfer and ensuring good arrival to the right location timely.For retailer, the utilization of EPC enables a reasonable amount of goods in stock, which will increase supply rate for orders; reduce out of stock possibility and overstocking risk. Sales field is enabled to reduce minimum safety inventory and increase floating capital by increasing automated clearing speed. As single commodity can be identified, each product is unique and representative, their location on the rack and status can be uploaded onto internet by information reader, then same information will be feedback to administrator after being processed, through which stealing and loss during sales process can be prevented.E. Commodity Consumption FieldThe emergence of Internet of Things enables the realization of personalized purchase and shortening queuing up time. Customers are able to get product and manufacturer information. For product with poor quality they are able tofinalized responsibility backward. Actually, product with poor quality can hardly reach customer because quality and quantity tracking has been done when product is produced until it gets to the customer and remedy measures are taken if necessary during the process. In this way, customers are ensured to get quality product and no personal injury or impact to customer confidence will be generated. Meanwhile, any threat to environment due to delayed or ineffective handling of substandard commodity will be prevented, especially for toxic and hazard commodities, randomly throwing them away will results in serious environmental contamination and leads to tremendous loss.VI.C ONCLUSIONThe application of RFID technology based internet of things can greatly reduce commodity information exchanging time between each part of logistics, meanwhile, it will increase logistics safety and circulating speed, ensure the acquisition of accurate, timely and transparent information. Last but not least, it makes it possible for all partners on the supply chain to cooperate and get scientific decisions and consequently the target of reducing the total cost of logistics can be achieved.R EFERENCES:[1]Zhang Cheng, Shan Shengdi. On Logistics Safety Management [J],enterprise economy, 2006[2]Luo Yixin, A Study of Logistics Safety Status in China andCountermeasures [J], Science and Industry, 2006[3] Li Jiong, Logistics Safety Management and Control TechnologyAnalysis, [J], Logistics Technology and application, 2005(4)[4]Luo Zheng Study of Logistics Chain Safety Assuring System, [J],Logistics Technology, 2005 (10)[5]Hu Bing, Wang Weiwei, Analysis of RFID Safety Issues in LogisticsSystem and Countermeasures, [J], 2008(11)。
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文献信息标题：The Research of Supply chain inventory management based on RFID作者： Gaukler G.期刊名：Production and Operations Management,；第16卷，第2期，页码：65-75.原文The Research of Supply chain inventory management based on RFIDGaukler GAbstractStorage as part of the logistics system, it's on the origin, consumption, or between the two storage management items, and store items to the relevant managers to provide the information such as the state, condition and treatment .From the point of logistics in developed countries, the importance of warehousing in logistics strategy is increasing day by day, in the logistics management occupies the core position, and has become the key link in supply chain management. Under the environment of supply chain warehouse management involves a large number of various types of products, at the same time the corresponding business and structure is more complex, very high demand for the accuracy and timeliness of information. RFID is also called Radio Frequency Identification, is English Radio Frequency Identification, with communications is a non-contact automatic Identification technology, with its support for fast reading and writing, the visual recognition, mobile Identification, multi-target recognition, location and tracking management aspects of advantage for a long time, showing the huge market potential, is to promote the development of the logistics management, supply chain management. It represents the direction in the field of automatic identification, to the modern industrial production. The service will be a revolutionary impact.Keywords: RFID technology; Warehouse management; Business process1 IntroductionWarehousing is an important part of logistics supply chain. It is a key node of the logistics operation. If a country, a region can not make warehousing logistics socialization, modernization, so these areas to achieve the logistics socialization, modernization is impossible .Implementation of logistics management, is to improve the company's service level, reduce costs, enhance competitiveness, to realize the whole logistics chain optimization. With the development of theeconomy, as well as the success of the logistics industry in some developed countries use, warehousing logistics industry is also more and more get the attention of the logistics industry. Traditional warehouse management, generally relies on a non automated, on the basis of the paper file system to record and track the goods in and out, completely by artificial implementation within the warehouse management, warehouse management efficiency is low, therefore, to manage the warehouse on a small scale.The continuous development of enterprise scale, warehouse management for ins and outs of the types of goods quantity is also increasing, frequency surge, warehouse management job is very complex and diverse, the traditional artificial warehouse operation pattern and the way of data collection has been difficult to meet the requirements of warehouse management of rapid, accurate and has influenced seriously the operation of the enterprise work efficiency, become a big obstacle to the development of the enterprise. Logistics information refers to the logistics enterprises on the basis of business process reengineering, the widespread use of modern logistics information technology to control all of the information and integration of enterprise logistics activities, to reach the company internal and external information resources sharing and effective use, in order to improve the economic benefits of enterprises and the core competitiveness. The key to logistics information is to apply advanced information technology effectively in practical logistics business. Along with the development of the public information platform and the development of the information integration technology, represented by RFID technology, RFID and bar code technology, electronic products, EPC code technology, value-added network VAN, EDI electronic data interchange (EDI) technology, GPS global positioning system (GPS), geographic information system (GlS) showed the impact of the strong.2 The RFID technology and supply chain inventory management were reviewed2.1 The overview of RFID technologyRFID is the abbreviation of Radio Frequency Identification, i.e., radio frequency identification (RFID).RFID is began in the 1990 s a non-contact automatic identification technology, it is the use of radio frequency signal and the spatial coupling or transmission of radar reflection characteristics, realize automatic identification of identified object. RFID can be classified as short distance wireless communication technology, WLAN and other short-range wireless communication technology, Bluetooth, infrared, ZIGBEE, UWB compared to the passivework the biggest difference lies in the RFID mode, namely using the reflection energy to communicate. Radio frequency identification technology, electronic identification is obtained by using the large scale integrated circuit and computer communication technology, through reading and writing and installed on the carrier of RFID tags, can realize the non-contact recognition and data exchange of information carrier. Coupled with its convenient, fast recognition, large data capacity, long service life, compared with barcode label data dynamically changes, has the advantages of better security, dynamic real-time communication. According to the different application purpose and application environment, the system composition are different, but from the perspective of the working principle of radio frequency identification system, the system generally consists of signal launch receiving antenna of a transmitter, a receiver, a few parts. Working principle of RFID is: smile for passive electronic label, enter the induced magnetic field, will receive special radio frequency signal from the reader, and be able to rely on energy gained by the induced current send product information stored in the RFID chip; If it is active electronic tags, it will send a signal frequency. Read by the reader from the signal from the electronic label and decoding, and eventually sent to the central information system on data processing.2.2 The RFID and Internet of thingsIt has three characteristics, the first is the comprehensive perception, is the use of RFID, sensor, qr code, or even other various machines, can at any time instant collection objects dynamic; The second is a reliable transmission, through a variety of ubiquitous wireless network will perceive information real-time transmission; The third is the intelligent processing, the use of cloud computing technology to deal with huge amounts of information in a timely manner, to the people's communication and content and content of communication. It widely used in intelligent transportation, environmental protection, government, public security, and peace, household, intelligent fire control, industrial monitoring, the old man care, personal health and other fields. The Internet of things is to use the ubiquitous network technology built, is the computer, Internet and mobile communication network of after another wave of information industry, is a new technology.It combines sensor technology, embedded computing technology, modern network and wireless communication technology, distributed information processing technology, etc., through all kinds of integrated micro sensor collaboration to real-time monitor, sense and collect all kindsof environmental or monitoring object information, through the embedded system in information processing, and through random self-organizing wireless network with multiple hops relaying mode will perceive information transmitted to the user terminal. To truly achieve "ubiquitous computing" concept .Its mouth is to let all of the items to be able to remote sensing and control, and together with the existing network, to form a more intelligent system of production and living. Its essence is the use of radio frequency automatic identification (RFID) technology, the Internet by computer items (products) of the automatic identification and information and sharing of the Internet. The Internet of things is a very important technology in the RFID electronic tag technology. Based on the simple RFID system, combining the existent network technology, database technology and middleware technology, build a large network of numerous mobile tags and readers, is even more important than the Internet giant Internet of things become the trend of the development of the RFID technology.3 The process optimization of supply chain warehouse management based on RFIDStorage as the core part of logistics, belongs to the logistics each link in the "static" side, the frozen enterprises a large number of assets, so how to design and establish a complete set of warehouse management, improve storage turnover, reducing the number of operating funds, make the frozen assets into cash, reduce the storage and elimination of cost, is the enterprise to improve the important link of the production efficiency, reduce operating costs. Storage system is linked to production enterprises and dealing directly with the customers, like play a important role. The discretion of the warehouse management efficiency directly affects the enterprise profit and customer satisfaction, is critical to the survival and development of enterprises.The present condition of the warehouse management is: low inventory information processing speed and error-prone; Difficult to manage various forms of inventory; Lack of monitoring on the ability of material, inventory material dump; Difficult to effectively manage the receiving; Value stream is difficult to achieve synchronization with logistics management; Often, inventory and production, sales, procurement, finance, warehouse, quality inspection, and other functions. As a result of the existence of these problems, enterprise warehouse processes are often and complex and cost is very high. In the speed and customer response to win today, enterprises need to adopt new technology and method to improve the accuracy of the inventory quantity, warehousing business process optimization.The application of RFID technology in warehouse management, mainly to undertake the carrier of warehouse management, and replace the traditional bar code technology is widely used in logistics management. Due to the barcode itself has no storage space, can only rely on a simple number, according to a large amount of data information is stored in the background, the background of the information processing capacity requirements is very high, also to the size of the database requirement is very high. But if put the basic information for each of the items is written in the items of the tray or container electronic label, when the tray or container through reading and writing, can immediately understand the items of information, do not need to access the database, simplify working process. Traditional warehousing operations began in delivery vehicles arrived at the door of the warehouse, and warehousing industry based on RFID technology is started in the cargo loading at the time of departure. More accurate, Warehousing operation under the RFID information more transparent, control more accurate. The deliveryman will the goods of shipment of the goods and transport vehicle information is passed to the warehouse, warehouse management system can choose the warehouse according to the arrangement of the goods information as well as warehouse usage, and then, according to the warehouse of the selected items reservoir and the reservoir distribution, do a good job in receiving time, staff, receiving place, loading and unloading equipment warehouse to prepare beforehand. Use a hand-held stare when the vehicle arrives, the only evidence member ID, speaking, reading and writing device reads the tray label and case label information, the system can provide fast and consignor of the goods have been sent to the warehouse management system and information, complete the voucher to check. The system also indicate the vehicle discharge the goods at the warehouse the goods. Arrived at the designated warehouse, equipped with an electronic tag of the goods, by the reader in inbound channel mouth place, information about the goods can be automatically entered into the warehouse management system. System to record the actual storage information and check, if is qualified to allow warehousing and inventory information into inventory information, if there is an error, output, is solved by staff. Warehouse management system in accordance with the guide the best way of storing the fro terminal on the forklift, select the empty pallet and guide the best way, arrived in the empty pallet. Reader to confirm the goods are ready then updates the inventory. Materials put in storage, can through the printer to print inventory list.译文基于RFID的供应链仓储管理研究Gaukler G摘要仓储作为物流系统的一部分，它在原产地、消费地，或者在这两地之间存储管理物品，并且向管理者提供有关存储物品的状态、条件和处理情况等信息。