2013年概括大意第十二篇 Intelligence a changed view
2013年12月英语四级真题及答案 (3)
2013年12月英语四级真题及答案阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节1. A. 考点：文章第一段提到：波多黎各遭受的破坏震撼了整个地区。
因此，根据后面提供的信息，可以推断出这次飓风对整个加勒比地区造成了广泛的破坏。
B选项只提到了波多黎各遭受的破坏，没有涉及整个加勒比地区。
2. D. 考点：文章第二段末尾提到“We love getting movie recommendations”. 因此，可以推断出他们喜欢得到关于电影的建议。
3. B. 考点：根据第一段“When it comes to the growth of cities, the 21st century is largely a story of the developing world”我们可以推断出，发展中国家的城市增长更快。
4. C. 考点：根据第二段“Those who live in cities complain of traffic jams and crowded subway cars”可以推断出，城市居民经常抱怨交通拥堵和拥挤的地铁。
5. D. 考点：根据文章第三段“In city after city, the urban population today is much larger than it has ever been in history”可以推断出城市人口比历史上任何时候都要多。
6. A. 考点：根据文章第四段“Bu this does not mean that there is no way to slow the growth of cities”可以推断出，存在减缓城市增长的方法。
7. B. 考点：根据文章最后一段“For all the challenges cities fac e, they remain attractive places to live”可以推断出，尽管城市面临很多挑战，但人们仍然愿意居住在城市。
第十二篇：Intelligence a Changed View-推荐下载
第十二篇：Intelligence: a Changed View1. Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its value therefore, was as a predictor of children's future learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks, then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within school was obvious. Intelligence tests could be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age; and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education.2. Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself1. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.3. There are evidences that support the view that we have to distinguish between genetic intelligence and observed intelligence.2 Any deficiency in the appropriate genes will restrict development no matter how stimulating the environment. We cannot observe and measure innate intelligence, whereas we can observe and measure the effects of the interaction of whatever is inherited with whatever stimulation has been received from the environment.3 Researches have been investigating what happens in this interaction.4. Two major findings have emerged from these researches. Firstly, the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life. It is estimated that 50 per cent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four. Secondly, the most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship. Much of the difference in measured intelligence between "privileged" and "disadvantaged" children4 may be due to the latter's lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.55. These research findings have led to a revision in our understanding of the nature of intelligence. Instead of it being some largely inherited fixed power of the mind, we now see it as a set of developed skills with which a person copes with any environment. These skills have to be learned and, indeed, one of them is learning how to learn.6. The modern ideas concerning the nature of intelligence are bound to have some effect on our school system. In one respect a change is already occurring. With themove toward comprehensive education and the development of unstrained classes6, fewer children will be given the label "low IQ'' which must inevitably condemn a child inhis own, if not society's eyes. The idea that we can teach children to be intelligent in the same way that we can teach them reading or arithmetic is accepted by more and more people.词汇：entity /'entiti/ n．存在，实体innate /i'neit/ adj．内在的stimulation / stimju'leiʃ(ə)n/ n．激发，促进stream /stri:m/v．（根据能力把学生）分组interaction /,intər'ækʃ(ə)n/ n．相互作用注释：1. …research has thrown doubt on the view that innate inteffigence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. ……科学研究对内在智力可以衡量这一观点以及智力的实质本身都表示怀疑。
201312月大学英语四级真题答案解析和解析
2012年12月大学英语四级真题答案与解析Part I Writing参考范文：第一种图表（即我们试题部分的图表）Education PaysThe bar graph describes the unemployment rates in 2010 for social groups with different education degrees in theUnited States. According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics， the better you are educated， the more likely you are to get employed. For example， there are only about 1.9% and 4% of people with doctoral degree and master s degree respectively who are unemployed， while people with only a high school diploma or less suffer a much higher unemployment rate （14.9% and 10.3% respectively）.These data clearly indicate that education pays in the long run and it is a worthy investment. In this IT age especially， when knowledge of science and technology is power， people need to be well equipped with knowledge and skills in order to be competitive in job hunting and be better paid. A higher degree is definitely an advantage in the first place in the job market.It must be added， however， a high degree alone is not enough. It will not ensure a better employment opportunity. In order to succeed in the career， people must also develop practical skills and techniques as well as good communication， teamwork and social experience.第二种图表（这也是本次考试的另一份试卷的图表）（见图表2）Education PaysAs is shown in the bar chart above， the social groups with higher degree are not only more likely to be employed in the first place， but they are also better paid later in the workplace. Those with doctoral and professional degrees enjoy a much higher weekly median earning （$1551 and 1665 respectively） and suffer a much lower unemployment rate （2.5% and 2.4%）. On the other hand， those with less education suffer a considerably higher unemployment rate and have a much lower weekly income. For example， there are a total of 23.5% （9.4%+14.1%） of people unemployed with high school diploma or less， who have only a median weekly income of $545，as compared with the average $797.These data clearly indicate that education pays in the long run and it is a worthy investment. In this IT age especially， when knowledge of science and technology is power， people need to be well equipped with knowledge and skills in order to be competitive in job hunting and be better paid. A higher degree is definitely an advantage in the first place in the job market and a competitive edge for workplace promotions.It must be added， however， a high degree alone is not enough. It will not ensure a better employment opportunity and higher salary. In order to succeed in the career，people must also develop practical skills and techniques as well as good communication， teamwork and social experience.概述四级考试主要的作文命题形式是“文示”提纲作文，但不时也考应用文（书信、演讲词等）和图表作文，图表作文曾在1991年6月（表格： Changes in People s Diet）和2002年6月（柱状图： Student Use of Computers），似乎是10年考一次，但不排除今后会更频繁地考到。
2013年12月汉译英短文翻译
汉译英短文翻译1近年来，中国城市化进人加速阶段，取得了极大的成就，同时也出现了种种错综复杂的问题。
今天的城乡建设速度之快、规模之大、耗资之巨、涉及面之广、尺度之大等已远非生产力低下时期所能及，建筑已成为一种重大的经济活动。
（102字）难点注释：1）城市化urbanization2）加速阶段an accelerating phase3）错综复杂的问题some complicated problems4）远非?一所能及surpass5）重大的经济活动a major economic pursuit1In recent years，urbanization in China has stepped into anaccelerating phase.Amidst magnificent achievements，there have emergedsome complicated problems. The crux is that the cities and the countrysideare developing at such a rapid rate，on such a large scale，with suchenormous capital，in such a vast extent that they have surpassed anyhistorical period China has ever witnessed before. Virtually，buildingconstruction has today become a major economic pursuit in China.2世界各地有3,600万人染上了艾滋病—这比整个澳大利亚的人口还多。
目前，艾滋病是全球第4大死因，而在非洲则是头号罪魁。
在非洲，艾滋病使工人丧失工作，使家庭丧失经济来源，使父母丧失孩子。
在7个非洲国家中，巧岁至49岁的人口中艾滋病病毒感染者占到20％以上。
2013年12月英语六级作文
2013年12月英语六级作文As an AI developed by Moonshot AI, I don't have access to historical data or specific content from past exams unless it has been shared with me in the course of our conversation. However, I can help you by creating a sample essay based on a hypothetical topic that might have been relevant for the December 2013 English Level 6 exam in China. Here's a sample essay:In recent years, the issue of environmental protection has gained significant attention globally. As the world's population continues to grow and industrialization expands, the environment is facing unprecedented challenges. This essay aims to discuss the importance of environmental protection and the steps that can be taken to safeguard our planet.Firstly, environmental protection is crucial for maintaining the balance of ecosystems. The natural world is a complex web of interdependent relationships, and any disruption can have far-reaching consequences. For instance, deforestation not only leads to loss of habitat for countless species but also contributes to climate change by reducing the amount of carbon dioxide that can be absorbed by trees.Secondly, protecting the environment is essential for human health. Pollution, whether it be air, water, or soil, poses serious threats to our well-being. Contaminated water sources can lead to the spread of diseases, while air pollution has been linked to respiratory and cardiovascular problems. By taking measures to reduce pollution, we can improve public health and quality of life.Thirdly, sustainable environmental practices can lead to economic benefits. Investing in renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, can create jobs and stimulate economic growth. Moreover, sustainable agriculture practices can increase crop yields while reducing the need for harmful pesticides and fertilizers.To conclude, environmental protection is not just a moral obligation but also a practical necessity. It is imperative that individuals, communities, and governments work together to implement policies and practices that promote sustainability. By doing so, we can ensure a healthier and more prosperous future for generations to come.Please note that this is a fictional essay and the actual topic for the December 2013 English Level 6 exam may have been different. If you have a specific topic or prompt from that exam, I can tailor the essay to fit that context.。
综合教程II 第十二单元 Unit 12 The Importance of Moral Intelligence in Children 课文分析
Audiovisual supplement Cultural information
social, mental, emotional, and moral skills that make up solid character and guide moral behaviours. It is the capacity to understand right from wrong. It means to have strong ethical convictions and to act on them so that one behaves in the right and honourable way. Moral intelligence is what a young adolescent needs most to counter negative pressures and do what’s right with or without adult guidance.
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2 By far our biggest worry is youth violence, and that alone should warrant a national declaration of emergency. Although the hard data on youth crime and violence show a recent decline, there is little cause for comfort: the American Academy of Pediatrics reports that the United States has the highest youth homicide and suicide rates among the twenty-six wealthiest nations in the world. In fact, our kids are ten times more likely to commit murder than comparably aged youths in Canada. Perhaps most disturbing is that our killers are getting younger and younger. As I write, this week a six-year-old intentionally
2013年12月四级翻译答案
2013年12月四级翻译答案第一篇：2013年12月四级翻译答案信息技术（Information T echnology），正在飞速的发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。
一部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。
另一部分人认为这是应该的，中国就应该与时俱进。
不管怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好事。
【参考译文】Nowadays, with the fast development of Information Technology, Chinese citizens are attaching more and more importance to it.Some schools and universities have even included Information Technology in their required courses, which has led to different opinions.Some people think it is unnecessary to make IT courses required, and students are supposed to take traditional courses.Oppositely, other people think it is necessary to do so, for China and its people should keep pace with the times.Either way, it is a good thing that Information Technology has attracted people's attention.【点评】段落翻译是本次考试的新题型之一，由考查简单的词组掌握、句型表达转为考查篇章整体表达，相比改革前的句子翻译，无论是分值还是难度都有所加大，对考生的能力水平要求更高。
人教版九年级下册英语Unit12SectionB课文翻译
⼈教版九年级下册英语Unit12SectionB课⽂翻译 翻译是指引，⼈教版九年级下册英语Unit12 SectionB的课⽂该怎么翻译呢?接下来是店铺⼩编为⼤家带来的关于⼈教版九年级下册英语Unit12 SectionB课⽂的翻译，希望会给⼤家带来帮助。
⼈教版九年级下册英语Unit12 SectionB课⽂翻译：2a 部分翻译 Have you ever played jokes on others, especially on April Fool's Day? Have you ever been fooled by others? Tell your story to your partner. 你曾经捉弄过别⼈吗，特别是在这天?你曾经被别⼈捉弄过吗?向你的同伴讲述你的。
⼈教版九年级下册英语Unit12 SectionB课⽂翻译：2b 部分翻译 Read the passage quickly.Then match each paragraph with the main idea. 。
然后把每⼀段和中⼼意思搭配起来。
Paragraph 1 The most famous trick played 第⼀段最著名的恶作剧 Paragraph 2 Examples of funny stories that happened on April Fool's Day 第⼆段发⽣在愚⼈节的有趣的故事的例⼦ Paragraph 3 An introduction to April Fool's Day 第三段愚⼈节的介绍 Paragraph 4 A sad story that happened on April Fool's Day 第四段发⽣在愚⼈节的⼀个伤⼼的故事 USING BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE 运⽤背景知识 Carefully reading the first sentence in each paragraph can activate your own knowledge of the topic and help you guess what the whole text is about. 认真阅读每⼀段的第⼀句可以激活你⾃⼰对于这⼀话题的知识，并且帮助你猜测整篇⽂章的内容。
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Intelligence:a Changed View智力：一个转变了的观念
l Intelligence was believed to be afixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possessand which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. 智力被认为是一个固定的实体，我们都拥有的大脑的某种能力和以某种方式决定我们的成就大小的东西。
Its value therefore, was as apredictor of children's future learning. 因此对它的评价可以预言孩子们未来的学习。
If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complextasks, then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types ofschool and even different ability groups within school was obvious.如果他们在学习复杂任务的能力上显著不同，那么明显有必要对他们进行不同的教育，而且显然需要不同类型的学校，抑或在学校内按不同能力分班。
Intelligence tests could be usedfor streaming children according to ability at an early age; 智力测试可以用来根据能力在很小的时候就对孩子们进行分流。
and at 11 these tests were superior tomeasures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education.在11岁的时候进行这种测试比为进入不同的中学而挑选学生的成绩测试更为重要。
2Today,we are beginning to think differently. 现在，我们开始有不同的想法。
In the last few years, research has throwndoubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature ofintelligence itself.在过去的几年里，科学研究对内在智力可以衡量这一观点以及智力的实质本身都表示怀疑。
There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence ofenvironment both on achievement and intelligence.目前大量的证据表明环境对成就和智力有巨大的影响。
Children with poor home backgrounds not onlydo less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorategradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.家庭贫困的孩子不仅功课和智力测试成绩较差，而且和他们更为幸运的同学们相比，他们的表现有越来越恶化的趋势。
3There are evidences that support the view that we have to distinguish between geneticintelligence and observed intelligence.有证据支持这样的观点，即我们必须区别基因智力和习得智力。
Any deficiency in the appropriate genes will restrictdevelopment no matter how stimulating the environment.无论环境多么刺激，基因的缺陷都会限制发展。
We cannot observe and measure innateintelligence, whereas we can observe and measure the effects of the interaction of whatever isinherited with whatever stimulation has been received from the environment.我们不能够观察和衡量内在智力，然而我们可以观察和衡量遗传所得和从环境所得到的激发两者之间的相互作用。
Researches have beeninvestigating what happens in this interaction.研究者一直研究这种相互作用的结果。
4Two major findings have emerged from these researches.这些研究产生了两个重要的发现。
Firstly, the greater part of thedevelopment of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life.首先，大部分习得智力的开发发生在生命的最初几年。
It is estimated that 50 percent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four.据估测在17岁可衡量的智力的50%在4岁的时候就已经可以预见了。
Secondly, themost important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-childrelationship.其次，环境中最重要的因素是语言和父母子女关系的心理方面。
Much of the difference in measured intelligence between"privileged"and"disadvantaged" childrenmay be due to the latter's lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and thepoverty of their perceptual experiences.“有优势的”和“没
有优势的”孩子之间衡量到的智力的大部分不同可能是因为后者缺乏必要的语言刺激以及感性经历贫乏。
These research findings have led to a revision in our understanding of the nature ofintelligence.这些研究结果改变了我们对智力本质的理解。
Instead of it being some largely inherited fixed power of the mind,we now see it as aset of developed skills with which a person copes with any environment.它不是很大程度上遗传的大脑的固定能力，我们现在把它看作一系列发展起来的可以应付任何环境技能。
These skills have to belearned and, indeed, one of them is learninghow to learn.这些技能必须要学习才能获得，而且其中一项技能是学会如何学习。
6 The modern ideas concerning the nature of intelligence are bound to have some effect onour school system.与智力的本质有关的现代观念对我们的学校体系将有一些影响。
In one respect a change is already occurring.在一个方面一种改变正在发生。
With the move towardcomprehensive education and the development of unstreamedclasses,fewer children will be giventhe label "low IQ", which must inevitably condemn a child in his own, if not society's eyes. 随着向综合教育以及混合编班的做法的发展，越来越少的孩子会被标上“低智商”的标签。
有了这个标签，哪怕社会不把孩子看扁，他自己也把自己看扁了。
Theidea that we can teach children to be intelligent in the same way that we can teach them reading orarithmetic is accepted by more and more people.我们能够像教孩子阅读或算术一样教孩子变聪明的观念被越来越多的人所接受。