2020年考研英语语法:比较结构
2020年考研英语语法:比较结构
比较结构是考研翻译中非常重要的考点之一,比较结构包括以下
两种类型:①当要表达的事物之间在某一方面一样时,可用as…as…(后接形容词或副词,as much / many…as…(后接名词或动词)结构,no less...than (=not any less...than...)...,no
more...than (=not any more...than...)...。
②表达事物之间差别
的结构可采用 more (…than)或 less (…than),后可接形容词、副词、动词或名词。
但要注意的是more…than 还可译作"与其说……,不如说……" 实际上,英语的比较结构比较复杂,翻译时应注意英汉
两种语言在表达上的差异。
处理时应先识别比较结构,然后判断比较
对象。
【真题例句1】
There is more agreement on the kinds of behavior referred to by the term than there is on how to interpret or classify them.
【解析】
这是一个典型的than引导的比较结构。
如若按照字面来译:"有
更多的一致意见在这个词所指的不同表现方面,较少的一致意见对这
些表现如何解释或分类",译文显得生硬,我们需要转译。
【参考译文】
译文1:对(智力)这个词所指的不同表现人们意见比较一致,而对这些表现如何解释或分类则有不同看法。
译文2:人们对(智力)所指的不同表现,比对这些表现如何实行解释或分类,看法更为一致。
【真题例句2】
For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the 80's, downshifting in the mid-90s is not so much a search for he mythical good life-growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one-as a
personal recognition of your limitations.结构分析:
【解析】
这句话的平行结构是两个名词短语:a search for he mythical good life-growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one和a personal recognition of your limitations. 本句主干由not so much…as…固定搭配连接构成的一个长句,其准确的翻译应为"与其……不如……",而这种翻译成中文之后通常让人产
生理解上的障碍。
这种搭配出现在客观试题的阅读文章中,通常能够
直接把它理解成"不是……而是……"。
【参考译文】
对于我们这个代曾在整个80年代为生活奔波的女性来说,90年代中期过着放慢生活节奏的生活,与其说是追求神话般的美好生活--自
已种有机蔬菜,冒着变得毫无生机的危险--倒不如说我们都理解到了
自己的局限。
【真题例句3】
The ideal listener stays both inside and outside the
music at the moment it is played and enjoys it almost as much as the composer does at the moment he composes.
【解析】
The ideal listener... enjoys it almost as much as the composer at the moment he composes 中does 代替enjoys,表示对
音乐的"欣赏"。
这里as much as 同样表示同等水准。
【参考译文】
一个真正懂得音乐的听众,应该是在听音乐时既置身于音乐其中,又可游离于音乐之外,他对音乐的欣赏水准,几乎等同于作曲家本人
在创作该曲时的欣赏水准。
英语语法:常见比较结构的用法区别
【导语】⽐较级就是将⼆者进⾏⽐较产⽣的词形,是由形容词原级转化⽽来的,⼀般是在原级后⾯加er,也有⼀些不规则的转化,⽐如good—better,bad—worse,有很多。
相对⼆者的⽐较,还有三者及以上的⽐较,这时就产⽣了级。
以下内容由⽆忧考整理发布,欢迎阅读参考!更多相关讯息请关注⽆忧考! 1. more and more与 the more…, the more…:前者表⽰“越来越……”,后者表⽰“越……,越……”。
如: Our country is getting more and more powerful. 我们国家越来越强⼤。
The more we get together, the happier we will be. ⼈聚得越多,我们越快活。
2. more than 与less than:前者“(指数量)多于”、“不只是”、“⾮常”等,后者表⽰“少于”、“⽐……少”。
如: I’ve known him for more than 10 years. 我已认识他10多年了。
He is more than a father to her. 他待她胜过⽗亲。
She was more than kind to us. 她对我们很友好。
It cost me less than 10 pounds. 我买它没要上10英镑。
She eats less than she should. 她吃得⽐她应该吃的少。
3. more …than 与 less…than:前者表⽰“⽐……多,⽐……更”,后者表⽰“⽐……少,不如……”。
如: He has more books than me. 他的书⽐我多。
He is more careful than the others. 他⽐其他⼈更仔细。
I got less money than the others did. 我⽐别⼈得到的钱少。
英语语法比较结构终极大总结
英语语法比较结构终极大总结英语语法中的比较结构是指用来比较两个事物、两种情况或两个人之间的差别或相似性的语法结构。
比较结构在英语中非常常见,掌握好比较结构的用法对于正确表达自己的观点和描述事物是非常重要的。
比较结构的形式:比较结构有三种形式:比较级、最高级和倍数比较。
一、比较级:比较级用于比较两个事物或两个人的差别或相似性。
一般情况下,比较级在形容词和副词前加上-er或者more来表示。
1.形容词的比较级:规则形容词:在形容词原级的基础上,在词尾加-er。
例句:- This book is cheaper than that one.- I am taller than my brother.不规则形容词:一些形容词的比较级是不规则的,需要记忆。
例句:- She is better at math than her classmates.- This is the worst movie I have ever seen.注意:在比较中,要注意使用than来连接两个进行比较的事物。
2.副词的比较级:规则副词:在副词前面加more。
例句:- He runs more quickly than me.- She sings more beautifully than her sister.不规则副词:一些副词的比较级是不规则的,需要记忆。
例句:- He works harder than anyone else.- She speaks better English than most foreigners.注意:在比较句中,副词的比较级前没有连词than。
二、最高级:最高级用于三个或三个以上事物或人的比较,表示其中之一在其中一方面是最高的。
一般情况下,最高级在形容词和副词前加上-est或者most来表示。
1.形容词的最高级:规则形容词:在形容词的原级前面加the最高级标志。
例句:- This is the biggest city in the world.- He is the richest person I know.不规则形容词:一些形容词的最高级是不规则的,需要记忆。
2020考研英语:作文八大语法结构
2020考研英语:作文八大语法结构考研英语有许多题目组成,方便大家及时了解,下面由小编为你精心准备了“2020考研英语:作文八大语法结构”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!2020考研英语:作文八大语法结构一、主动句变被动句“英文多被动,汉语多主动”,还需要警惕名词与动词之间暗含的“主被动”关系。
Eg1: It is said that …据说/相传Eg2:I suggest that … It is suggested that …Eg3:Effective measures should be taken before things get worse.表建议Eg4: your prompt attention to my enquiry would be highly appreciated. 表感激Eg5:Students should study hard.Students are expected / well-advised to study hard.二、简单句变从句名词性从句,含主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种定语从句状语从句A. 主语从句:Eg1:What worries many parents is that Internet or computer games may impact kids’ study.Eg2:It is said that an emperor of ancient China discovered Tea 5,000 years ago. (it为形式主语that从句为真正主语)B.宾语从句:Eg1:Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life is measured by how much they can borrow, not by how much they can earn.Eg2: I am convinced that it is of great necessity foryoungsters to study hard.Eg3:明智的人不为别人的想法所影响。
2020年考研英语语法:比较结构(上)
2020年考研英语语法:比较结构(上)1.more...than...结构有三种译法:than链接肯定形式的从句时,该从句译为否定句,在比较的基础上表示选择关系时,可译为"与其说……不如说";实行同类比较时,译为"比……更"。
The complexity of the human situation and injustice ofthe social order demand far more fundamental changes in the basic structure of society itself than some politicians are willing to admit in their speeches.人类社会形势的复杂性和社会制度的不公正性要求对社会的基本结构实行彻底变革,而一些政客口头上是很不愿意承认这个点的。
【解析】这是一个主从复合句,连词than 前为主句,后为从句。
虽然本句是实行水准上的比较,但是从句意义是否定的,故译成否定句。
2.It is not that ...but that... 这并不是说...而是说...It is not that the scales in the case , and the balancein the other , differ in the principles of their construction or manner of working ; but that the latter is much finer apparatus and of course much more accurate in its measurement than the former.这并不是说面包师或卖肉的人所用的磅秤在构造原理或工作方式上和化学家所用的天平存有差异,而是说与前者相比,后者是一种更为精密的仪器,因为在计量上也必然准确得多。
考研英语考点英语里的比较结构
考研英语考点:英语里的比较结构rather thanI would rather die than marry you.我宁愿死也不和你做朋友。
I would rather die to marry you.我死也要嫁给你。
less...and more“与其说不如说”“主要是其次”Interest in historicalmethods has arisen less through externalchallenge to the validity of history asan intellectual discipline and more frominternal quarrels among historians themselves .人们之所以关注历史研究的方法论,(主要是因为史学界内部意见不一,其次是因为外界并不认为历史是一门学问/与其说是因为外部对于历史作为一门只是学科有效性的质疑,还不如说是因为历史学家自己内部的争论)。
more than 1、more A than B“与其说是B,不如说是A”He is more a teacher than a writer.与其说他是作家,不如说他是教师。
He is more a close friend than a boyfriend to me.他与其说是我的男朋友不如说是我的好朋友。
more than句型A more than+数词,表示“多于.. 以上”的'意思。
We have been close friends for more than 20 years.我们已经作了20多年的好朋友了。
The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago,and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is onlybeginning to be recognized and studied.自然选择在(进化/演化)中的作用仅在一百多年前才得以(阐明/表述/解释/论证/揭示),而环境在(塑造/形成/早就)和(保持/维护)个体行为时的选择作用则刚刚开始被(认识/承认/意识到/认可)和研究。
2020考研英语作文高分句型:表对比和比较
2020考研英语作文高分句型:表对比和比较考研英语作文要想获得高分,离不开平时的积累和练习,前辈的经验告诉你多掌握一些高分句型真的很重要。
下面小编给大家带来了“2020考研英语作文高分句型:表对比和比较”,希望能够帮到你们!2020考研英语作文高分句型:表对比和比较以下是“2020考研英语作文高分句型:表对比和比较”的具体内容:1) Of all American cities, San Francisco is considered by many to be by far the most beautiful.2) Jobs and work do much more than most of us realize to provide happiness and contentment.3) We are much less conscious of the extent to which work provides the more crucial(关键)psychological well-being that can make the difference between a full and an empty life.4) Work is more than a necessity for most human beings;it is the focus of their lives,the source of their identity and creativity.5)Rather than a punishment or a burden,work is the opportunity to realize one’s potential.6)Few pastimes bring a family closer together than gathering around and listening to mother or father read good story7) Man differs most from all the other animals in his ability to learn and use language but we still do not know exactly how this is done.8)Generally speaking(In general),young people are less conservative(保守)than old people.9) The way the brain works is far more complicated than they had thought.10) The more scientists find out, the more questions they are unable to answer.11) Many Americans choose to travel by car rather than by any other means of transportation.12)Worse perhaps was the idea of Saturday afternoon cricket.13) There is no surgical patient I cannot treat competently,treat just as well as or better that any other surgeon.14) Social customs are different from what they used to be fifty years ago.15)He has to feel that he’s good as and probably better than any other surgeon in the world.16) Behavior which may be considered quite strange in one culture is often looked upon as completely normal in another.17)It is as hard to pass her by without giving her some money as it is to ignore the collection box in church.18) It is as morally hard to turn her away as it is a lost dog.19) Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that attitudes towards night dreaming have changed.20)We accept the authority of our parents when we are young, but as we mature we may begin to question their advice.。
2020考研英语:语法结构的翻译方法
2020考研英语:语法结构的翻译方法考研英语有许多题目组成,方便大家及时了解,下面由小编为你精心准备了“2020考研英语:语法结构的翻译方法”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!2020考研英语:语法结构的翻译方法比较结构翻译的重难点在于找出比较对象、理解比较关系。
根据比较结构所表达的比较关系不同,可将比较结构的翻译方法归为四大类。
一、前肯后否结构more ... than ...【翻译技巧分析】“more ... than ...”表示两个事物的同一方面进行比较时,最基本意思是“比……多,比……更加”。
但在具体语境中,在译成汉语时,我们需要认真措辞,进行转译。
例如:I was more annoyed than worried when they did not come home.他们没有回家,与其说我担心倒不如说我很恼火。
二、前否后肯结构less...than ...not so much ...as ...【翻译技巧分析】“less...than ...not so much ...as ...”表示两个事物的同一方面进行比较时,基本意思是“比……少比……小”。
但在具体语境中,在译成汉语时,我们需要认真措辞,进行转译。
例如:John is less daring than quick-witted. 与其说约翰胆大,不如说他脑子灵活。
三、前后都肯定结构no less ...than (=not any less...than...) ...as...as...【翻译技巧分析】“no less ...than (=not any less...than...) ...as...as...”表示两个事物的同一方面进行比较时,译为:(前者)和(后者)一样都……例如:She is no less beautiful than her sister. 她和她姐姐一样漂亮。
“no less ...than (=not any less...than...) ...as...as...”表示同一事物的两个方面进行比较时,译为:既(前者)……又(后者)……四、前后都否定结构no more ... than ...(=not any more...than)【翻译技巧分析】“no more ... than ...(=not any more...than)”表示两个事物的同一方面进行比较时,译为:(前者)和(后者)一样都不……例如:He is no better at swimming than I. 他和我都不擅长游泳。
英语语法比较结构终极大总结
英语语法比较结构终极大总结
1.比较结构
比较结构是一种引导以比较的句型,它使用形容词和副词等来进行比较。
比较结构的句子可以表达一对象和另一对象的比较,用于表达赞扬、比较、优势和劣势等,可以说是非常常用的句式。
2.比较结构的类型
比较结构可以分为三类:简单比较结构、强调句式和比较程度状语从句。
其中,简单比较结构是最常用的,是比较两个对象,使用形容词或副词来比较。
强调句式是一种表达强烈比较的句子,它的重点在于强调一个对象,用否定词来否定另一个对象,使得表达更加有力。
程度状语从句用来表达一个对象的比另一个对象程度更高或更低,一般用于表示比较不可能完成的动作程度。
3.简单比较结构的使用
简单比较结构是比较常用的结构,它可以比较两个,也可以比较多个东西。
它使用形容词来表示比较的情况,常用形容词有:
more,most,less,least,better,best,worse,worst等,它们要根据实际句式形式来进行选择。
当比较两个东西时,可以用“than”来引导,当比较多个东西时,需要使用“than+所有格” 或“than+介词+名词”。
4.强调句式的使用
强调句式是一种表达强烈比较的句子,通常用于表达赞美、评价等情况。
考研英语语法之比较结构
比较结构Mr. McWhorter’s academic specialty is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom”, for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.麦克沃特先生在学术上专攻语言史和语言变化。
例如:他把“whom”的逐渐消失看成是自然而然的过程,与古英语中词格尾缀的消失一样毫不可惜。
补充:no more…than这一句型有变体形式not…any more than,是考研英语中出现比较频繁的句型。
功能上看,这一句型表示的是两个事物之间的类比关系,即用than后面的事物来作比,阐明前面所要表达的观点。
意思上讲,这个结构表示:和…一样不。
注意:than后面的句子为肯定形式,但要译成否定意义。
But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.但是,他的首要任务并不是考虑支配自己行动的道德,就如同不能指望商人专注于探讨行业行为规范一样。
二、the more…the more句型比较As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access – after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are.随着互联网日趋商业化,普及使用符合商家的利益——毕竟,在线的人数越多,潜在的客户就越多。
2020考研英语:语法长难句之比较句型结构篇
2020考研英语:语法长难句之比较句型结构篇
考研英语是所有备考科目中比较难的科目,语法长难句部分更是重点,所以拿下这部分很关键。
为此,小编整理了“2020考研英语:语法长难句之比较句型结构篇”的文章,希望对大家有所帮助。
2020考研英语:语法长难句之比较句型结构篇
以下是2020考研英语:语法长难句之比较句型结构篇的具体内容:
一、理论常识
比较结构
1. no/not ... other than
2. the 比较级……,the 比较级……
3. rather ... than ...
4. more than / no more than
5. less than / no less than
6. more A than B / no more A than B
7. less A than B / no less A than B
8. nothing else than
9. as much as
10. not as ... as ...
11. not so much ... as ...
二、试题举例
They may teach very well ,and more than earn their salaries ,but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment . (2006,50)
【重点词汇解析】reflection,n. 反射、沉思;involve,n. 涉及、包含。
