with的复合结构
With的复合结构
She lives in the room with
她住在亮着灯的那个房间里。
the light
burning.
一、With复合结构的构成
2.with + 名词（n.）/ 代词（pron.） + 不ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ式（to do）,动词不定式表示目的，
或将发生而未发生的事。(动作尚未发生）
eg: The Human Genome Project, launched in 1990 with a mission to decode the
我没有事可做，只好睡觉。
一、With复合结构的构成
3.with + 名词（n.）/ 代词（pron.） + 形容词（adj.）
eg:
She lay in bed with her face pale.
她躺在床上，脸色苍白。
He used to sleep with all the windows open.
With的复合结构
5.表示结果
eg:
The battle ended with the enemy defeated. 战斗结束了，敌人被打败了。 They have finished the peace talks with the agreements reached. 他们结束了和谈，达成了协议。
With的复合结构
With的复合结构
With的复合结构有以下5种表现形式，即: 1.with + 名词（n.）/ 代词（pron.） + 分词 (过去分词（done）／现在分词 （doing）)； 2.with + 名词（n.）/ 代词（pron.） + 不定式（to do）； 3.with + 名词（n.）/ 代词（pron.） + 形容词（adj.）； 4.with + 名词（n.）/ 代词（pron.） + 副词（adv.）； 5.with + 名词（n.）/ 代词（pron.） + 介词短语（prep. phrase）。 With的复合结构在句子中可作定语或状语。
with的复合结构,最全解说
with结构也称为with复合结构,是由with+复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）组成一. with复合结构在句中做状语,表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等.其构成有下列几种情形：1、with + 名词 (或代词) + 现在分词此时,现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系.例如:With prices going up so fast,we can't afford luxuries.由于物价上涨很快,我们买不起高档商品.（原因状语）With the crowds cheering,they drove to the palace.在人群的欢呼声中,他们驱车来到皇宫.（伴随情况） With the bay leading the way,I found the village easily.2、with + 名词 (或代词) + 过去分词此时,过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系.例如:I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.我在房间坐了一会儿,眼睛盯着天花板.（伴随情况）She had to walk home with her bike stolen.自行车被偷,她只好步行回家.（原因状语）3、with + 名词 (或代词) + 形容词I like to sleep with the windows open.我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉.（伴随情况）With the weather so close and stuffy,ten to one it'll rain presently.大气这样闷,十之八九要下雨.（原因状语）4、with + 名词 (或代词) + 介词短语With the children at school,we can't take our vacation when we want to.由于孩子们在上学,所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假.（原因状语）The professor came in with a book in his hand（伴随状语）5、with + 名词 (或代词) + 副词He fell asleep with the light on.他睡着了,灯还亮着.（伴随情况）The boy stood there with his head down.这个男孩低头站在那儿.（伴随情况）John was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.6 、with + 名词 (或代词) + 动词不定式此时,不定式表示将发生的动作.例如:With no one to talk to,John felt miserable.由于没人可以说话的人,约翰感到很悲哀.（原因状语）With a lot of work to do,he wasn't allowed to go out.因为还有很多工作要做,他没有被允许外出.（原因状语）在with without 的复合结构中，多数情况下with 能省略，但without 不能省略。
with的复合结构
with的复合结构with的复合结构构成：它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with 或without的复合宾语。
复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。
With结构构成方式如下：1.with或without+名词/代词+形容词e.g. He is used to sleeping with the windows open.2. with或without+名词/代词+副词e.g. She left the room with all the lights on.3. with或without+名词/代词+介词短语e.g. He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand.4. with或without+名词/代词+动词不定式e.g. With so much work to do, I have no time for a holiday.5. with或without+名词/代词+分词e.g. We found the house easily with the little boy leading the way.(现在分词表示主动动作，即分词所表示的动作是由with后的宾语发出来的)e.g. With all the things she needed bought, she went home happily.(过去分词表示被动，with后面的宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系)6. without+名词/代词+补语e.g. Possibly this person died without anyone knowing where the coins were hidden.e.g. He wondered if he could slide out of the lecture hall without anyone noticing (him).7. with+不定式和+分词的区别加不定式是指将要进行的动作,加分词是指主动或被动动作.with复合结构的句法功能1.with 复合结构，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。
with的复合结构
12，两边果树的那条路通向那个山村。
The road with fruit trees planted on both sides
leads to the mountain village.
13，还有一支枪和一根绳， 绳子的末端系成一个 圆圈
5. with+宾语+介词短语 He sat near the fire with his back to the door. 他坐在炉子旁，背朝着房门。 The teacher came in with a book in his hand. 老师进来了，手里拿着本书
6. with+宾语+现在分词 She fell asleep with the light burning. 她睡着啦灯是亮着的。 With the machine helping us, we could finish the work on time. 由于有机器的帮助，我们能按时完成任务。
talks with the agreements reached. . 10，下学期史密斯先生教他们英语，他们的 口语会大有提高。
With Mr. Smith to teach them English next ,tetrhmey will be greatly improved in spoken English. 11.满嘴食物说话是不礼貌的。 It's bad manners to speak
这位城市位于一个由高山环抱的山谷中。
Any man with eyes in his head can see that he's
exactly like a rope. 任何头上长了眼睛的人都会看出他十足像一条绳子
With的复合结构
with-名词/代词 +过去分词。
With her supper finished 她晚饭结束), _____________________( she went to the cinema house. With his homework done (他作业做完), ____________________ he went and watched the game. With his leg badly hurt 他的腿受伤), ____________________( he had to be sent to hospital. with his head covered He lay in bed, _________________ (头被蒙着)。
原因状语
The storm drawing near, the worker decided to stop working. =Since the storm was drawing near, the worker decided to stop working.
With复合结构作定语 =定语从句
那个淘气的男孩低着头站在老师面前。 The naughty boy stood before the teacher_________________ with his head down． 所有的灯开着，广场看起来很漂亮。 The square looks more beautiful with all the light on. _______________________ 皇帝在街上走，一件衣服都没穿。 The king was waking in the street, with nothing on. ________________
With的复合结构
4 with + 名词/代词 +不定式 Eg: With the boy to lead the way,we will find the house easily tomorrow.(小男孩明天将领 路) With so much work to do, I have no time for a holiday. 因为有很多工作要做，我没时 间度假。 With many new words to remember, she will stay up tonight. 由于要记很多生词，她今 晚打算熬夜。 注：用不定式这一结构时，表示得是将要发生的事情。 5 with + 名词/代词 +V-ing Eg: With the little boy leading the way, we found the house easily. 因为有小男孩带路， 我们很容易就找到了那个房子。 With nobody watching TV, I switched off it. 由于没人看电视，我就把电视关了。 I’d like to see the new film with time permitting.如果时间许可，我想看那部新电影。 With the machine helping us, we could finish the work on time. 由于有机器的帮助，我们能按时完成任务。 She lives in the room with the light burning.她住在亮着灯的那个房间里。
9.________two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend. (2004年北京卷) A. B. Besides √ With C. As for D. Because of 10. It was a pity that the great writer died________ his work unfinished. (2004年福建卷) A. for B. C. from D. of √ with
with复合结构的用法
With复合结构的用法with复合结构即“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语或with + 复合宾语”。
宾语补足语（简称：宾补）可以是动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词或介词短语等。
With 复合结构在句中常充当状语，有时也充当定语或补足语。
一、with复合结构的类型with复合结构常有以下六种形式：1、with + 宾语 + 不定式（短语）【不定式表将来，主动表被动】With a lot of difficult problems so settle, the newly-elect president is having a hard time.With you to help us, we’ll surely succeed.I cannot go out with all these dishes to wash.With all the work to do, I don’t know if I’ll have time to go out.With five minutes to go before the last train, we arrived at the station.2、with + 宾语 + 现在分词（短语）【正在发生】I felt quite happy with the birds singing in the woods.With the old man leading, the soldiers started towards the mountain.Thousands of terrified watchers stared with their hearts beating fast.With all the family traveling in America, the house seems very empty.In some parts of Asia, it’s not polite to sit with your foot pointing at another person.With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.3、with + 宾语 + 过去分词（短语）【过去分词与它前面的名词或代词有被动关系】All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.He wept in his room with his heart broken.He enjoys listening to music with his eyes closed.With the job finished, we went to the seaside for a holiday.You must give me a true account, with nothing added and nothing removed.4、with + 宾语 + 形容词【形容词表状态、特征】He stared at me with his mouth open.She sat in the corner, with her face dull.He cannot go on a holiday with his mother ill.He often sleeps with the windows open even in winter.In summer we often sleep with the windows open.With everything ready, we started to work.5、with + 宾语 + 副词Our city looks more beautiful with all the lights on.He went out with no hat on.He put on his socks, (with me) wrong side out.With Mary away, John felt miserable.6、with + 宾语 + 介词短语He stood with his hand in his pocket.He was asleep with his head on his arms.The teacher stood here with a book in her hand.The teacher walked into the classroom with a ruler under his arm.The guard rushed out with a gun in his hand.二、with复合结构的用法with复合结构主要用来说明附带情况或具体细节，在句中主要用作状语，有时也用作定语、宾语补足语或主语补足语。
with的复合宾语
一、with的复合结构本结构在试卷上出现的频率非常高，学好这个结构我们能准确地进行答题、能更好地欣赏句子，同时也能让我们的书面表达出彩。
with复合结构常有以下结构：1. with + 宾语 + doingWith so many people communicating in English now, I find it very necessary to master it.现在有那么多的人用英语交流，我发现掌握英语很有必要。
2. with + 宾语 + doneWith my room cleaned, I went to bed.房间打扫了我就上床睡觉了。
3. with + 宾语 + to doThis is my first book, with the second to come out next year.这是我的第一本书，第二本明年出版。
with + 宾语 + to be doneThis is my first book, with the second to be published next year.这是我的第一本书，第二本明年出版。
5. with + 宾语 + adj.a. They left the office in a hurry, with the door open.他们匆忙离开了办公室，门都开着。
b. He always sleeps with the windows halfopen .他总是把窗户半开着睡觉。
6. with + 宾语 + adv.With all the lights on, the city looks more beautiful.在所有灯光的照耀下，这座城市显得更漂亮。
7. with + 宾语 + prep.-phraseHe came in, with a basket on his back.他进来了，背上背着一个篮子。
解析：从上面的结构看1) 首先要区分开在什么情况下用分词，什么情况下用不定式：如果表示do动作已发生或者是经常性的就要用分词；如果do动作还没有发生就要用动词不定式。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
with的复合结构精华知识一. with复合结构的构成1. with+宾语+名词He died with his daughter yet a school girl. 他死的时候，他的女儿还是个学生。
2. with+宾语+形容词He used to sleep with all the windows open. 他过去常常开着窗子睡觉。
She lay in bed with her face pale. 她躺在床上，脸色苍白。
3. with+宾语+副词The girl fell asleep with the light on. 那位女孩睡着了，灯还亮着。
Her mother sat in an armchair with her head down. 她母亲坐在椅子上，头低着。
Anderson was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.4. with+宾语+不定式(不定式做宾补有“将来”的含义)I can’t go out with these clothes to wash. 因为这些衣服要洗，我不能出去。
I had to go to bed with nothing to do. 我没有事可做，只好睡觉。
5. with+宾语+介词短语He sat near the fire with his back to the door. 他坐在炉子旁，背朝着房门。
The teacher came in with a book in his hand. 老师进来了，手里拿着本书。
He was asleep with his head on his arms.6. with+宾语+现在分词(宾语与宾补之间是主动关系)With the machine helping us, we could finish the work on time. 由于有机器的帮助，我们能按时完成任务。
She lives in the room with the light burning. 她住在亮着灯的那个房间里。
With winter coming on, it’s time to buy warm clothes.7. with+宾语+过去分词(宾语与宾补之间是被动关系)With everything done, she went home. 做完一切事情以后，她回家了。
He lay on his back, with his teeth set and his eyes closed. 他仰卧着，咬着牙、闭着眼。
All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.二. with复合结构作定语She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides.她看到一条两岸长着红花、绿草的小溪。
The woman with a baby in her arms isTom”s aunt.抱着小孩的那位妇女是汤姆的姑姑。
The city lies in a valley with high mountains around it.这位城市位于一个由高山环抱的山谷中。
Any man with eyes in his head can see that he”s exactly like a rope.任何头上长了眼睛的人都会看出他十足像一条绳子（1）There was a letter for Lanny with a Swiss stamp on it.（作定语修饰letter）（2）It was a vast stretch of country with cities in the distance.（作定语修饰a stretch of country）三. with复合结构作状语1.表示伴随状况She left the office with tears in her eyes.她眼里含着泪，离开了办公室。
He was covered with a national flag with his face exposed.一面国旗盖在他身上，脸露在外面。
2. 表示原因With his key lost, he couldn”t get into the office.由于钥匙丢了，他进不了办公室。
With the weather changed, we decided to put off the sports meet. 由于天气变化，我们决定推迟举行运动会3. 表示时间The children began to watch TV with the homework done.孩子们完成作业以后开始看电视。
The meeting was over with the problem settled.问题解决以后，会议结束了。
4. 表示条件I’d like to see the new film with time permitting.如果时间许可，我想看那部新电影。
We will have an outing tomorrow with weather fine.如果明天天气好的话，我们要去郊游。
5. 表示结果The battle ended with the enemy defeated.战斗结束了，敌人被打败了。
They have finished the peace talks with the agreements reached.他们结束了和谈，达成了协议。
With的复合结构零碎知识with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。
学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。
本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。
一、 with结构的构成它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。
With 结构构成方式如下：1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词；2. with或without-名词/代词+副词；3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语；4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式；5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词。
即with+宾语+宾补有这些词和短语可以做宾补：1、形容词 2、副词 3、介词短语 4、现在分词 5过去分词6、不定式with the window closed(closed为形容词) with the light onwith a book in her handwith a cat lying in her armswith the problem solvedwith the new term to begin二、With的复合结构作独立主格（重点哦）表伴随时，既可用分词的独立结构，也可用with的复合结构。
with +名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语举例: He stood there, his hand raised. = He stood there, with his hand raise.典型例题The murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。
A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied答案D. with +名词（代词）+分词+介词短语结构。
当分词表示伴随状况时，其主语常常用with来引导。
由于本句中名词"手"与分词"绑"是被动关系，因此用过去分词，选D.注意:1) 独立主格结构使用介词的问题：当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数。
但 with 的复合结构不受此限制A robber burst into the room, knife in hand.( hand前不能加his)。
2) 当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时，及物动词用现在分词，不及物动词用过去分词。
He lay there, his teeth set, his hand clenched, his eyes looking straight up.典型例题：Weather___, we'll go out for a walk.A permittedB permittingC permitsD for permitting答案B. 本题中没有连词，它不是复合句，也不是并列句。
句中使用了逗号，且we 小写，可知其不是两个简单句。
能够这样使用的只有独立主格或with的复合结构。
据此判断，本句中使用的是独立结构，其结构为：名词+分词。
由于permit在这里翻译为'天气允许'，表主动，应用现在分词，故选B。
如果不会判断独立结构作状语的形式，不妨将句子改为条件句，例如本句改为If weather permits, we'll go out for a walk. 然后将if 去掉，再将谓语动词改为非谓语动词即可。
三、with sth to do是主动形式表被动含义With so many problems to settle, the new manager was too worried to eat anything. 为什么这里不用to be settled啊，为什么不是被动啊这一题主要考查的是介词with所构成的复合结构，但同时又考查动词不定式的用法。
有两种解释，1.本来with的复合结构中用不定式，就可以用to do表被动和将来的意义，不用 to be done。
2.因为settle的逻辑主语the new manager 在这个句子中出现了，所以就可以用to do 表被动。
比如Do you have anything to be bought? 这里就表示不是you你买，而是我或者他人帮你买，Do you have anything to buy? 这里就表示你买。
在英语中，如果在句子中能找到动词不定式的逻辑主语动词不定式往往用主动式而不用被动式；若在句子中找不到动词不定式的逻辑主语就用不定式的被动式。