明喻和暗喻的比较Simile_&_Metaphor
英语修辞手法
1.明喻(Simile)明喻(Simile)，是常用as或like等词将具有某种共同特征的两种不同事物连接起来的一种修辞手法。
明喻的表达方法是：A像B。
以两件基本上不相同的事物作比喻的修辞手段。
比喻的一种，明显地用另外的事物来比拟某事物，表示两者之间的相似关系。
常用“如”、“像”、“似”、“好像”、“像…似的”、“如同”、“好比”等比喻词。
通常有三部分构成：本体、喻体、比喻词例如：My heart is like a singing bird.（我的心像一只歌唱的小鸟。
）O my love's like a red, red rose,That's newly sprung in June;That's sweetly played in tune.2.隐喻，暗喻(Metaphor)隐喻也称暗喻，是用一个词来指代与该词本来所指事物有相似特点的另一个事物的方法。
隐喻是和明喻不同,不用like或as表示出来,而是进行隐藏的比较的这样一种修辞手段。
隐喻又称暗喻。
表达方法:A是B。
隐喻是一种比喻，用一种事物暗喻另一种事物。
隐喻是在彼类事物的暗示之下感知、体验、想象、理解、谈论此类事物的心理行为、语言行为和文化行为。
就本体和喻体的关系而言，隐喻比明喻更为紧密。
从语意的角度分析，隐喻比明喻深奥、更形象、更有喻示性和渗透力。
名词、动词、形容词和副词都可以有隐喻用法。
例如： 1.He is a pig.他简直是头猪。
（比喻：他是一个像猪一般的人，指肮脏，贪吃的人。
）2.She is a woman with a stony heart.她是一个铁石心肠的女人。
（比喻：这个女人冷酷无情。
）3.Mark Twain is a mirror of America.马克·吐温是美国的一面镜子。
（用镜子比喻美国的现实，很贴切。
）在一篇描绘中东市场的文章中，作者在描绘其中的铜器市场中燃烧着的木炭时这样写道: “the red of the live coals glowing，bright and then dimming rhythmically to the strokes of the bellows”。
simile
一、比喻(the figures of speech) 比喻是语言艺术的升华。
英语中常见的比喻方法有三种：明喻、隐喻和借喻。
1.明喻(the simile)格式：本体 + 显著比喻词(like/as/as if---) + 喻体常用介词like 、连词as，as if，as---so、动词seem等以及句型A---to B as C---to D等等表示“好像”意思的比喻说法就叫明喻。
例如：（1）Teacher, you are like the sun, but more magnificent, and more brillant. 老师，您像太阳，又比太阳更灿烂更辉煌。
（2）Your soul is as pure as snow, your personality is as noble as pine trees! All praise to you, our beloved teacher. 您的心灵像雪一样纯净，您的人格像青松一般高洁！赞美您，敬爱的老师。
英语中除上述的用介词、连词或句型等的明喻表达方式外，还有许多常用的明喻习语。
例如：(1)as clear as crystal清如水晶(2)as weak as water软弱无力这类利用类似汉语的押韵和叠声增加语言的美感。
与此同时，又可以使语言短小精悍，表达生动、形象。
2.隐喻(the metaphor) 格是：本体 + is/are + 喻体例如：（1）Time is a river, of which memory is the water. Oh my friend, what I scoop up from the river is all yearning of you. 时间是河、记忆如水，朊友，我从河里捧起来的都是对你的思念。
（2）Time is money. 时间就是金钱。
注意：英语中存在着许多数词习语和俚语，用作隐喻（也有个别用作明喻）。
simile修辞手法
Simile是一种常见的修辞手法，它通过比喻的方式将一个事物与另一个事物相比较，以强调两者之间的相似之处。
在文学作品中，Simile经常被用来增强语言的形象性和生动性，帮助读者更好地理解作者想要表达的概念或情感。
Simile通常由两部分组成：本体（即被比喻的事物）和喻体（即用来比喻的事物）。
在表达上，Simile通常使用“像”、“如同”、“似”等词语来连接本体和喻体。
例如，“她的笑容像花朵一样绽放”，“像”是比喻词，“她的笑容”是本体，“花朵”是喻体。
Simile可以通过明喻和暗喻两种方式来表达。
明喻是将本体和喻体直接相比较，使用明显的比喻词连接，例如“他像一只老虎一样勇猛”。
暗喻则是通过暗示来表达比喻关系，通常使用“是”、“就是”等词语连接本体和喻体，例如“他是战场上的勇士”。
在使用Simile时，需要注意比喻的贴切性和准确性。
比喻的使用应该符合语境和逻辑，不能过于牵强或模糊。
同时，比喻的使用也应该符合语言规范和文化习惯，避免引起误解或冒犯。
隐喻的英文句子分析
隐喻的英文句子分析1. 给我一些英语中的明喻或者暗喻的句子英语修辞手法一，明喻（simile）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。
常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等，例如：1、This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.这头象和任何人见到的壹样像壹条蛇。
2、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit.他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来，像幽灵壹样从我身旁走过去。
3、It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something.它那长长的叶子在风中摆动，好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什麽东西似的。
二、隐喻（metaphor）这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。
1、German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets。
德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨壹样倾泻下来。
2、The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。
2. 暗喻的句子有哪些英语原发布者：zuyin19912.隐喻METAPHORCompare:Habitmaybelikenedtoacable;everydayweweaveathread,andsoonwecannotbreakit.习惯像缆索，每天我们编上一条线，习惯像缆索，每天我们编上一条线，不久我们便扯不断了。
比喻
1.明喻(simile)将具有某种共同特征的两种不同事物连接起来的表明本体与喻体关系的修辞手法。
表达方法是：A像B。
明喻的本体、喻体和比喻词都出现。
常见喻词有like , as , as if, as though , a is to b what c is to d等。
2.暗喻(metaphor)将某一事物以另一个与其相似的事物来表达。
暗示有比较但又不充分说出这种比较。
暗喻将本体与喻体说成是一致的。
它不用比喻词，但可用be动词或者只用逗号、破折号将本体和喻体连起来。
3.换喻(metonymy)换喻是一种一个词或词组被另一个与之紧密联系的词或词组替换的修辞方法。
它反映两类现实现象之间存在着某种相关关系，且此种关系在人们心中经常出现而固定化。
换喻的形式有部分与整体的互换，具体与抽象的互换，特殊与普遍的互换，实质与形式的互换，以及具体事物之间的互换等。
4.讽喻(allegory)讽喻是通过具体形象表达抽象意义，用比喻进行讽刺，引导人们去认识事物的本质，其特点在于意义上的双重性。
SimileA figure of speech in which one thing is likened to another, in such a way as to clarify and enhance an image. It is explicitcomparison (as opposed to the metaphor where comparison is implicit) recognizable by the use of words “like” or “as”1.For example:1)Spend money like water. 花钱如流水Example 1 belongs to the type of “like”. The tenor is the way of spending money and the vehicle is the way that water flow.Time and tide wait for no man. 时间像潮流，不等任何人。
Figures of speech
1.明喻（simile）明喻是直接把一物同某种与其具有同一性质或特点的另一物相比较，常用的比喻词有as，like，seem，as though等
2.暗喻（metaphor）暗喻是间接的把一物同与其具有某种相似点的另一屋相比较，不用比喻词
3.拟人（personification）拟人是指把非人的事物当作人来写，把人的特点赋予事物或某种抽象概念，用本来只适用于人的名词，形容词，动词来描写事物，使其具有人的某些属性
4.夸张（hyperbole）故意夸大事实，给人以深刻的印象，起强调作用。
夸张常与暗喻连在一起
5.委婉语（euphemism）使用委婉词来避免提及刺耳或不愉快的东西
6.反语（irony）讲反话，故意使用同本意相反的说法
7.对偶（antithesis）两个相同或相似的语言结构的对仗或对照
8.转喻（METONYMY）借用与某物相关
或关联的东西代称某物
Gray hair should be respected 老人应该受到尊重这里的gray hair代表老人
9.类比（ANALOGY）巴两种本质上不同的事物之间的共同点加以比较，来说明道理，把抽象的概念具体化，吧深奥的哲理浅显化
10.矛盾修饰法（oxymoron）修饰语与被修饰语之间看来似乎是矛盾的，但实则相反相成poor rich men 贫穷的富人
11.对照（contrast）把意义相反的字词、短语或句子等平行的排列起来，在结构上对称，揭示出事物间的对立或矛盾12.排比（parallelism）结构类似的句子成分或句子，几个单词连串。
英文比喻句的四种模式
英文比喻句的四种模式
英文比喻句的四种模式分别是明喻，暗喻，提喻以及借喻。
明喻（Simile）：明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比。
这种共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性。
标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。
通过明喻，作者能够通过读者熟悉的对象更加生动形象地了解不熟悉的对象，从而表达出作者的特定情感或者态度(mood or attitude)。
暗喻（Metaphor）：暗喻与明喻非常类似，也是讲具有某个共同特征的两个不同事物联系在一起，但是不用as，as…as，as if，like，seem等的比喻词。
与明喻相似，隐喻能把描述的对象更形象的呈现给读者。
因为不使用比喻词，所以通常我们会更加关注与隐喻背后的引申义，而不是仅仅是它的字面义。
借喻（Metonymy）：以喻体来代替本体，本体和喻词都不出现，直接把甲（本体）说成乙（喻体）。
借喻由于只有喻体出现，所以能产生更加深厚、含蓄的表达效果，同时也使语言更加简洁。
提喻（Synecdoche）：提喻用部分代替全体，或用全体代替部分，或特殊代替一般。
明喻与暗喻类比拟人
Simile 明喻Simile：（明喻）用like, as, as…as, as if, as though, resemble, have a resemblance to, suggest, seem to等明显性词连接两类不同的事物。
（1）（本体、喻体、喻词）缺一不可。
（2）喻词必须是like, as, as…as, as if, as though等明显性喻词。
(3) 两物在性质上十分不同，但在某一方面相似。
明喻与暗喻的区别：明喻把喻体和本体说成相似；暗喻干脆把本体和喻体说成是一致的。
喻词。
1. 本体+动词+as/like+喻体e.g.: The elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.He declared that whites and negroes could live together only as master and man.2. As/Just as+喻体，so+本体+喻体（就像B……一样, A也……）e.g.: As cold water to thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country.Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our mind.3. 本体+动词+as though/as if+喻体+动词（A…….好像B……）e.g.: She looked both young and aging, as if she had just emerged from an illness or some crisis.He was a beautiful horse that looked as though he had come out of a painting by Velasquez.4. What + 喻体，that+本体（A对于……就象/好比B对于……一样）e.g.: What salt is to food, that wit and humor are to conversation.What food is to man, that manure is to crops.5. 本体+to be+名词（本体）+what /as +喻体+to be+名词（喻体）（A对……好比B对……一样）e.g.: Reading is to be the mind what/as exercise is to the body.Air is to us what/as water is to fish.6. 主语+动词+no more/less+本体+than+喻体或主语+not +本体+any more +than+喻体（正如…一样）e.g.: Our village is no less beautiful than this picture.A student can no more obtain knowledge without studying than a farmer can get harvest withoutplowing.Nations are not to be judged by their size any more than individuals.7. 本体+be+as…+喻体（A象B一样…….）e.g.: Her face blushed, becoming as red as an apple.Death may be as heavy as Mount Tai or as light as a feather.The full green hills are (as) round and soft as breasts.8. 主谓+not as/so+本体+as+喻体(不是A，而是B)e.g.: He thought not so much of possible death as of the urgent need to win, to defeat the enemies.e.g.: Right now, it is not their accountants who are holding the companies back so much as their legaladvisers.9. 主语+may/might +as well+动词+喻体+as+动词+本体（……不如…; …最好…; …还是…好）e.g.: You may as well advise me to give up my fortune as my argument.你劝我停止辩论还不如劝我抛弃我的财产。
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英音：['simili]美音：['sɪmə,lɪ]
definition
• 1.A simile is an expressed likeness • 2.the simplest and most direct way of connoting an idea with something else.
5."idiom" pattern: (1). We mended our fences. 我们重修旧好。 (2). Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母 (3). Time is money. 时间就是金钱
Differences between simile and metaphor ◆ Structure ◆ Element
1.The definition of metaphor
A metaphor is a figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily and primarily denotes one thing is applied to another in an implied comparison.
(1).Comparison is implied. (2).It is also a comparison between two unlike elements with a similar quality. But unlike a simile, this comparison is implied, not expressed with the word "as" or "like". (3).Metaphor compares two different things by speaking of one in terms of the other. Unlike a simile or analogy, metaphor asserts that one thing is another thing, not just that one is like another.
1.as+adj+as+n
• • • • You are as sweet as sugar. As hot as an oven--as cold as a frog;热如炉,冷如蛙 As gay as a lark--as sick as a dog;乐如云雀,累如狗 As slow as the tortoise--as swift as the wind;慢如龟, 疾如风
• 2.As+S+V
• Men fears death, as children fears to go in the darK
3.As …… ,so…… As B is …..,so is A…..
• As the lion is the king of beasts, so is the eagle king of birds
4. As if/as though
My handwriting looks as if a swarm of ants, escaping from an ink bottle, had walked over a sheet of paper without wiping their legs. 我的笔记看起来就好像一群蚂蚁从墨水瓶里逃出来 ， 没把脚抹干净就在纸上行走似得
A student can no more than obtain knowledge without studying than a farmer can get harvest without ploughing.学生不学习就不能获得知识，犹如农民不 耕种就不能得到收成一样。 A home without love is no more than a body without a soul.没有爱的家庭无异于一个没有灵魂的躯体 He can no more swim than a hammer can.他不能游泳 犹如锤子不能游泳一样。
A figure of speech comparing two essentially unlike things and often Introduced by like or as simile.
• It is a comparison between two distinctly different things and the comparison is indicated by the word as or like: • Oh, my love’s like a red, red rose • That man can’t be trusted. He’s as slippery as an eel 鳗鱼. • The old man’s hair is as white as snow. • In the above three examples people and things of different categories are compared: a woman and a rose, a man and an eel, and hair and snow. But each pair has one similarity: loveliness, slipperiness and whiteness. The discrepancy between things compared makes their similarity all the more striking.
(1). Time is money. 时间就是金钱。 (2). Beauty without virtue is a rose without fragrance. 没有德行的美丽好比没有芬芳的玫。 (3). Some people think that marriage is a lottery. 有些人认为婚姻是缘分。 (4). He is the eyes and ears of the manager. 他是经理的耳目。 (5). Greece was the cradle of Western culture. 希腊是西方文化的发源地/摇篮。 (6). The old man's face is a map of time. 那老人脸就是岁月的写照。
F .seem, resemble, treat, compare to, remind of, be similar to , so to speak/ as it were 等等
He treats his child as the apple in the eye.他把孩子当成
掌上明珠
Metaphor
2."verb" pattern动词型: (1).Snow clothes the ground. 雪覆盖了大地。 (2). A stranger then is still dogging us. 一个陌生人仍在跟踪我们。 (3).The years have silvered her hair. 岁月已使她的鬓发如霜。 (4). The population mushroomed in the postwar decades. 战后数十年里人口快速增长。 (5). He doesn't have any idea of his own. He just parrots what other people say. 他没有自己的观点，只会鹦鹉学舌。
4."-of-" phrase pattern: a/the+N1+of+(a)+N2 (1). A policeman waved me out of the snake of traffic and flagged me to stop. 一位警察招手要我从长蛇般的车流中出来，并挥旗叫我停下。 (2).The lecturer looked down at the sea of faces beneath him. 演讲者俯视下面无数的面孔。 (3). We have come a long way since then, in part as a fruit of his labors. 从那以后，我们取得了巨大进展，其中一部分是他努力的结果。 (4). They tied pillows on top of their heads as protection against the shower of rocks. 他们把枕头绑在头上以防倾泻而下的岩石。
C. what
• Soap opera is for TV what the popular novel is for book. 肥皂剧之于电视，犹如通俗小说之于书籍 • Water is to fishes what air is to men.鱼之于水，犹
如空气于人
D. than, no more than/not any more …than
COMMON FORMS: A. LIKE
• eyes are nothing like the sun
• They will never be able to save money to buy a new house they both spend money like water.
B: AS
◆ Function
Structure
A simile makes a clear comparison by means of words like, as, as if, as…so…,etc.
A metaphor makes a comparison which is implied rather than stated. So the metaphor is also called condensed simile(压