考研英语长难句分析
1.This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than
an intuitive one.
词汇突破：cognitive 认知的〔后天习得的〕
Intuitive 先天的
与以上这组单词概念一样的表达还有：
Nature先天；nurture后天；born ;先天的；made 后天的；innate天生的；Acquired后天习得；
Determine 决定
Coupled with 相当于and,想类似的表达还有along with ; combined with等。
主干识别：句子的主语是This success与later research ；谓语是led; 宾语是Ericsson; 不定式短语to conclude 做状语；主干构造是：this success and later research led Ericsson to conclude that …
其他成分：在research后面接一个现在分词短语做后置定语，在这个现在分词短语中that引导的从句做showing 的宾语；
在不定式短语中that引导的从句做conclude的宾语；
more…than构造翻译为与其说，不如说。
微观解析：由于主语中的第二个并列成分比拟长，且是用两个逗号隔开的，在阅读的时候可以跳读；把This success与动词
led先连起来然后再来解析其他成分。
译文赏析：这种成功与后来说明记忆本身并不是先天决定的研究使爱立信总结道，记忆的行为与其说是一种先天的行为不如说
是一种习得的行为。
2.It is not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.
词汇突破：visualize 想象
Figure out 发现与找出
Suits 使…适合
主干识别：句子主语是由how引导的一个主语从句，it是句子的形式主语；句子主干为: How …is not obvious.
在主语从句中主语是capacity，谓语是suits 宾语是one ;
其他成分：状语为to answer…主语后加上两个动词不定式做后置定语；动词不定式中的宾语questions后面接一个that
引导的定语从句。
难点揭秘：这个句子是一个由形式主语it引导的主语从句，其中难点为需要识别出主语从句中的动词suits.
译文赏析：构思物体与找出数字模型的能力是如何让一个人去答复那些连最好的诗人与哲学家都回避的问题的，这点我们还不
是很清楚。
3．Anyone who has toiled through SAT will testify that
test-taking skill also matters, whether it’s knowing when to guess or what questions to skip.
【词汇突破】Toil through (辛苦的经历)
名词：Winston Churchill: "Blood, Toil, Tears and Sweat〞(丘吉尔演讲)
sweat and toil 〔汗水与辛苦〕
He succeeded after years of toil. (他经历数年的辛劳之后成功了)
SAT 美国高考全称为scholastic assessment test 学术性评估测试
testify 证实
matter 这里是动词，重要；sth matters 事情很重要；【主干识别】anyone 为句子的主语，will testify 为句子谓语，that 引导一个宾语从句；
【其他成分】that 引导的宾语从句中test-taking skill 为主语，matters 做谓语，whether 引导一个状语从句
【译文赏析】任何一个曾经辛苦的经历过SAT考试的人都会证实考试的技巧也很重要，无论这种技巧是知道什么时候去猜还是知道什么问题应该跳过。
【造句】Anyone who has achieved the success to any extent will testify that cooperation matters, whether it’s individual’s willingness to cooperate or team work spirit of a group.
4. During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities.
【词汇突破】count on 依靠；
fair play 公平竞争
【主干识别】the American middle-class family has been transformed主干是主谓构造被动态；
【其他成分】that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure 定语从句修饰middle-class family ；During the past generation与by economic risk and new realities 做状语；
【微观解析】the American middle-class family 为句子主语，谓语是has been transformed；During the past generation与by economic risk and new realities 为状语；that 引导一个定语从
句，that在从句中做主语，谓语为could count on，宾语为hard work and fair play；to keep
itself financially secure为状语。
【难点揭秘】主语后接了较长的修饰成份使这个句子在阅读时主干不容易把握。造成理解的困难。
【译文赏析】在过去的20多年时间里，那些曾经依靠辛勤工作与公平竞争就可以保证自己财政收支平安的美国中产阶级家庭已经被经济风险与新的现实所改变。〔定语从句前置的翻译方法来处理这个句子〕
5.Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as "steering the economy to a soft landing" or "a touch on the brakes" , makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further from the truth.
【词汇突破】steer 指挥，控制
precise 准确的
【主干识别】Much of the language makes it sound like precise science.主+谓+宾+宾补构造
【其他成分】used to describe monetary policy过去分词短语做后置定语修饰the language；such as “steering the economy to a soft landing 〞or “ a touch on the brakes〞形容词短语；形容词短语做后置定语修饰the language。
【难点揭秘】主语后接了较长的修饰成份使这个句子在阅读时主干不容易把握。造成理解的困难。
【译文赏析】有很多用于描述货币政策的词汇，例
如"操纵经济软着陆"或者"轻踩刹车"，使货币政策听起来像是一门准确的科学。没有什么比这更远离实际情况的了。〔但这些说法是最不靠谱的，事情远非如此用来表示强烈的反对这与i cann't agree with you more有异曲同工之妙〕【翻译点拨】第二个句子的翻译中可以使用正话反说的方法来进展翻译，在肯定与否认之间进展转换。可以参考下面的两个例子：
〔1〕An opportunity is not likely to repeat itself. 时机难得。〔2〕Such things are of no rare occurrence. 这些事情经常发生。【作文】用于批驳对方的时候就可以用：Nothing could be further from the truth.
6.On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted--suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.
【词汇突破】agony 痛苦
despair 绝望
prolong 延长
【主干识别】many acknowledge that +宾语从句〔many 作为代词表示很多人，或者很多个体〕
【其他成分】On another level 做状语与in the medical community做定语；the assisted--suicide debate has been fueled by the despair of patients为宾语从句主干；
特别提示：fuel本来意思是燃料，但是这里可以理解为由于，因为，加剧的意思；
为了以后阅读理解更透彻，可以直接把构造
A is fueled by
B 理解为：
A是结果；B是原因
例句：
China's success is fueled by the age of globlization.
【微观解析】in part宾语从句中的状语，for whom
modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.定语从句修饰patients; 定语从句复原为一个独立的句子就是：Modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying for them. 这个句子中的them 与前面句子中的patients 为一样名词，因此在这里作者将其写成了一个定语从句，但是在翻译的时候是要分译的。
这句话在定语从句的前世与今生：
suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients.
The modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying for them.
(两个句子中出现了共有的名词patients 与them,于是them 被换成了whom ；for whom 一并提前。)
【难点揭秘】同样是隔离构造在阅读的过程中给我们带来不舒服的感觉，in part 放到了fueled 与by 之间，in the medical community放到了many与acknowledge之间。
【译文赏析】在另一个层面上，很多医疗界的人士成认，关于医生帮助下的自杀的讨论，局部是因为病人的绝望情绪，对病人来说，现代医学已经延长了死亡的生理的痛苦。
【写作】On another level，many in the educational establishment acknowledge that the debate on the ranking of universities has been fueled in part by the despair of graduates for whom the discrimination brought by the ranking of university has put more obstacles on their job hunting way.
7.The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United kingdom.
【词汇突破】illustrate 例证；
in terms of 根据，以…为依据；
【主干识别】The trend was most obvious and can be illustrated. 主系表构造两个并列的动词
【其他成分】naturally ,in those areas of science , in terms
of the development of geology in the United kingdom为状语。【微观解析】based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training修饰状语中的名词science做定语。
【难点揭秘】naturally 与especially 副词做状语放的位置都不是在开头与结尾，而是放在了中间局部，这样给我们阅读带来一定的困扰，但是难点既亮点，我们在写作的过程中就可以灵活的运用：based especially on这样的表达了。
【译文赏析】很自然，这种趋势会在尤以数学或实验
室训练为根底的自然学科领域中表现的最为明显，并且可以用英国地质学的开展作为例证来说明。
【翻译点拨】把副词放到开头来翻译，正是表达了前面所讲到的副词很多时候就是在修饰整个句子。
8.The report identifies the under treatment of pain and the aggressive use of "ineffectual and forced medical procedures〞that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying as the twin problems of end--of--life care.
【词汇突破】under treatment 治疗缺乏
aggressive 1.侵略的,侵犯的2.好斗的,挑衅的3.有进取精神的;有干劲的4.大胆的
dishonor 使丢脸,使受耻辱
medical procedures 医疗手段
【主干识别】The report identifies…and…as the twin problems of end--of--life care 主谓宾宾补构造；the under treatment of pain与the aggressive use of "ineffectual and forced medical procedures〞that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying 为并列的宾语成分。
【微观解析】that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying为定语从句修饰ineffectual and forced medical procedures，定语从句中有两个并列的动词prolong and dishonor 做谓语。
【难点揭秘】这个句子的困难之处就在于并列宾语的后半局部加上了一个定语从句进而使identify 与as 之间的距离拉大，产生了阅读障碍。
【译文赏析】报告把对疼痛处理不够与大胆使用可能延长死亡期甚至让病人死的不体面的无效的与强制的医疗手段确定为临终关心的两个问题。
报告确定了临终关心的两个问题，一是对疼痛处理不够，二是大胆的使用可能延长死亡期甚至让病人死的不体面的那些无效与强制的医疗手段。
【翻译点拨】这个句子的翻译主要考察对于词的理解：dishonor the period of dying 直接翻译就是:使死亡的阶段受到耻辱。可以转译为：让病人死的不体面。中文是习惯是以人为主体的。还有就是medical procedures 表示医疗手段而不要翻译成医疗过程。
9. The notion that learning should have in it an element of inspired play would seem to the greater part of the academic establishment merely silly, but that is nonetheless the case.【词汇突破】inspired 有激发性的
establishment 机构，建立
nonetheless 但是
case 事实,实情
【主干识别】The notion would seem merely silly. 主系表构造【其他成分】that learning should have in it an element of inspired play 同位语从句修饰notion；主干为that learning should have an element of inspired play，是主谓构造；in it 为状语。to the greater part of the academic establishment状语。【难点揭秘】这个句子的难点就是在主干中参加了状语与同位语从句使句子构造变得复杂。很多同学会对but 与nonetheless 连用感到困惑。两个句
子之间是需要连词连接的，but是连词，起连接两个句子的作用。但是两个句子之间的转折关系并不是像but所表达的那样强烈，前后两句之间为“局部肯定〞的转折关系，因此使用nonetheless 转折副词，说明转折的意味并不强烈。这里的but也可以换为and。【译文赏析】大多数的学术机构认为在学习中参加有启发性玩耍的理念是非常愚蠢的，但是这样的事情确实常常发生的。
【翻译点拨】】把状语翻译为中文中的主谓构造，我们也可以翻译为：“对于大多数的学术机构而言〞，但是翻译为中文的主谓构造更简洁，that is the case 如果翻译为这就是事实，没有能表达出准确的句意。就正如迈克尔杰克逊的纪念电影this is it 我们翻译为:就是这样。
10. An invisible border divides those arguing for computers in the classroom on the behalf of students" career prospects and those arguing for computers in the classroom for broader reasons of radical education reform.
【词汇突破】argue for 支持
argue against 反对
on the behalf of = on behalf of 代表
career prospects 就业前景
radical 彻底的，根本的，激进的
【主干识别】An invisible border divides those and those. 主谓宾构造
【其他成分】arguing for computers in the classroom on the behalf of students’ career prospects 与arguing for computers in the classroom for broader reasons of radical education reform 现在分词短语分别修饰两个those 作后置定语。【微观解析】arguing for computers in the classroom on the behalf of students’ career prospects相当于who argue for
computers in the classroom on the behalf of students’ career prospects
【难点揭秘】divide those …and those…在两个those后面加上了很长的修饰成分造成了构造识别的困难。
【译文赏析】一条无形的界限将支持计算机进课堂的人分为两类：一类人是从学生的职业前景从发思考的，另一类人想的是像教育的彻底改革这样的一些更广泛的理由。
【翻译点拨】在翻译的过程中，我们把arguing for computers in the classroom放到了those 前作汉语中的前置定语再把过长的定语局部单独成句，这样更符合中文的表达习惯。〕
11. There is, as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says, a “disjunction〞between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics.
【词汇突破】the treasury secretary 财政部长〔美〕
anecdote 轶闻，趣闻
statistics 数据〔还有一个我们不熟悉的意思：表格〕
picture 情况，事态，局面，状况，情形，形势
【主干识别】There is a disjunction.
【其他成分】as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says 插入语；between the mass of business anecdote that points to a
leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics 后置定语修饰a disjunction.
【微观解析】between the mass of business anecdote and the picture; 为定语的主体局部；that points to a leap in productivity修饰anecdote；reflected by the statistics修饰statistics。
【难点揭秘】由于插入语的参加，造成了对主干是别的难度，尤其是在between… and…构造的识别中由于参加了定语从句使其难于理解。
【译文赏析】正如财长鲁宾所说，在说明生产力飞跃开展的商业佚事与数据所反映的情况之间存在着脱节。
【翻译点拨】也可以把比拟长的那个局部单独翻译，这样更符合中文的习惯：有大量说明生产力飞跃开展的商业佚事，但是财长罗伯特.鲁宾认为现实的数据说明的情况并不能支持这些传奇。
前11个句子都属于主谓被隔离的情况。而今天那么是并列的构造开场出现了。
12.Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time.
【词汇突破】estimate 估量，评估
not…but 不是……而是……
【主干识别】Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass but changes.
【其他成分】括号中的内容对biomass进展解释与说明；of species 与in particular parts of the ocean做后置定语修饰biomass，in that biomass over
time后置定语修饰changes；
【难点揭秘】estimate的宾语为the actual biomass 与changes 的并列，并列连词为but , 在阅读的过程中往往会由于长定语的分割而产生阅读的障碍；
【译文赏析】他们的研究方法并不是想估计出某些特定地区鱼类的实际生物量〔活的生物总量〕，而是估计出这些生物量随着时间发生的变化。
【翻译点拨】多个定语在修饰着changes因此顺序应该做符合中文习惯的调整。
13. One leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better.
【词汇突破】authority 权威
harness 使……停顿的意思；与stop 可以互换但是更加
正式的表达；还有一个单词是curb，这个单词表示控制的
意思相当于control，原意是缰绳的意思，这个单词为考
研高频词。
conscious 有意识的
intensely powerful mental event在原文中就等于dreams;【主干识别】one leading authority says that+宾语从句；
【其他成分】宾语从句的主干是these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control; 并列连词not only …but also…连接两个并列的动词harnessed 与brought；to help us sleep and feel better 为目的状语
【难点揭秘】动词的并列造成识别上的困难。
【译文赏析】而一名顶级权威认为，这些极其强烈的大脑活动不仅可以被抑制，实际上还可以受到意识的控制，进而帮助我们睡眠，使我们感觉好一些。
14.But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for them- selves —goals that pose a real challenge.
【词汇突破】utility 运用supervision 监管
【主干识别】they will have to operate and be able to make a few decisions. 并列的两个谓语由and 连接；
【其他成分】But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility状语；with less human supervision状语；at least状语；goals that pose a real challenge整个句子的同位语。
【微观解析】同位语goals 被定语从句修饰；
【难点揭秘】动词的并列，状语的隔离；同位语的识别需要关注。【译文赏析】但是如果机器人能在下一个阶段到达节省人工的运用，它们将必须在更少的人力监视之下工作，而且还要至少能够自己做出几个决定--这些目标才会带来真的挑战。
【翻译点拨】对于the next stage of laborsaving utility的处理，如果直译就是：如果机器人要到达节省人工的运用的下一个阶段在，这样的表达不仅拗口而且难懂，就是典型的死译，所以把定语转译为状语。
15. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd.
【词汇突破】glimpse 快速的看一眼；disregard 抛弃，丢弃irrelevant 不相干
instantaneously 立即winding 蜿蜒曲折的suspicious 可疑的
【主干识别】the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent并列的两个动词glimpse与disregard
【其他成分】that is irrelevant 修饰the 98percent; focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. 现在分词短语作状语，focus 的动作发出者就是句子主语human mind。
【微观解析】the monkey or the single suspicious face 为focus on 的并列宾语
【难点揭秘】动词的并列在主句中出现；而在现在分词短语中出现并列宾语；
【译文赏析】但是人类的大脑可以只迅速地瞟一眼一个快速改变的场面，然后立刻放弃98％的不相关信息，而马上聚焦于一条崎岖森林道路边的一只猴子，或者在茫茫人海中的一张可疑的脸。
考研英语 长难句详解分析
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1840 and 1900, the majority of which show sitters posing miserably and stiffly in front of painted backdrops, or staring absently into the middle distance. 第一步全句切分 ①前状：Of course ②主语：I ③谓：need ④宾(表)/补to concede that my collection of 'Smiling Victorians' makes up only a tiny percentage of the vast catalogue of photographic portraiture created between 1840 and 1900, the majority of which show sitters posing miserably and stiffly in front of painted backdrops, or staring absently into the middle distance. ⑤后状：无 ⑥插入语（位置灵活）：无
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考研英语历年真题阅读长难句句精析
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句句精析
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考研英语历年真题阅读长难句10０句精析 １.Ｗhｉｌe warningｓaｒe often apprｏｐrｉａte and necｅsｓary —tｈe ｄan ｇｅrs of drug intｅrａcｔions,fｏr example—aｎd many are requirｅｄby sｔａte or fedｅral rｅguｌations,it ｉsn't cleａr that tｈey acｔualｌｙproｔｅｃtｔhe manｕfactｕrｅrｓand sｅllers frｏmｌiabilｉtｙif a cusｔomer ｉｓｉnjurｅd. 【译文】尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告——许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的,然而(我们）并不清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时,这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。 【分析】在这个主从复合句中,ｉt isn'ｔcｌear that thｅyａctｕalｌyｐroｔeｃt tｈe ｍanufａcturerｓaｎd ｓｅllers from lｉabｉlity if a customer ｉs inｊured是主句。主句用了一个形式主语ｉt,真正的主语是that引导的从句，而that从句之后是一个ｉf 引导的条件从句。从句由两个部分组成,中间用and连接。破折号之间的部分是举例说明warnings的内容。注意：ｍａnｙaｒｅrｅquｉrｅｄby sｔaｔe ｏrｆederａl regulaｔions中的many是指mａny warnings。 ２.Aｄdｉtioｎal social stｒesses may ａlso occｕr becａｕsｅoｆthe populａtion eｘpｌoｓion ｏｒproblems aｒiｓiｎｇfrom masｓmigｒaｔｉon mｏvｅｍent ｓ—ｔheｍsｅlves made relａtivｅlｙeasy noｗadａys bｙｍoｄｅｒn mｅans ｏf tr ａｎsporｔ. 【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动（现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起的各种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。 【分析】句子主干结构是Addiｔionａl sｏｃｉal streｓｓｅｓmay also ｏccuｒbecau ｓｅof...简单句+ ｂecause oｆ表示的原因状语,整句翻译应该根据先原因后结果的原则，将主句放在最后；beｃause ｏf后面有两个宾语ｔhe poｐuｌａｔｉon exploｓion orｐroblems；名词ｐroblems带有现在分词短语作后置定语arisｉng from mａss migratioｎｍo ｖｅments; themｓelｖｅs指前面的名词短语ｍａｓs migｒatiｏn movements,后面的过去分词短语是theｍｓelvｅs的定语。 3. Therｅｅxists a sociａl ａnｄcuｌturａｌdisconneｃt betweenｊｏｕｒnａlistsａnd theｉr readers,ｗｈｉcｈhelps eｘplain whｙtｈe “ｓｔandard tempｌa tes” oｆｔhｅnewsroom seem alｉeｎto many ｒｅaders． 【译文】新闻记者和读者之间存在着社会和文化方面的脱节，这就是为什么新闻编辑室的“标准模式”似乎与许多读者的意趣相差甚远。 【分析】主句也是一个therｅ加系动词的用法。而表语后都有一个定语从句。本句的定语从句是whｉch hｅlps exｐlain ｗhyｔhe “standａrd ｔempｌａtes”of the newsｒo ｏm sｅem alien to maｎｙrｅａdｅrs。Alien本义为异国的,此处是相差甚远,背道而驰。如果考生不了解sｔanｄard templateｓ的意思，可以从上下文中找其相同作用和功能的词组，如上句中的a ｓtoryｌiｎe和baｃkbonｅ,那么就应该知道它们指的都是记者们在写新闻和评论时固定的套路和思维。 4. Ｔhis phenｏmenon has crｅaｔed serｉｏｕs conｃerｎs oｖeｒthe rolｅoｆsmａller ｅconomiｃfiｒｍｓ,ｏfｎａtioｎaｌｂuｓiｎessmeｎaｎd ｏver theｕlｔimate stabiliｔy of tｈｅworld ｅconｏmy. 【译文】这种现象引起了人们对小型经济实体、民族商人的作用以及世界经济的最终稳定性的极大关注。
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考研英语长难句译文及分析 考研英语长难句译文及分析 But somewhere from the 19th century onward, more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless, 连词时间状语主语谓语宾语 phony or, worst of all, boring, as we went from Wordsworth’s daffodils to Baudelaire’s flowers of evil. 宾语方式状语从句。 译文：但从19世纪的某个时期以来，越来越多的艺术家们开始认为快乐是无意义的、虚伪的，甚至让人生厌的，就像我们从华兹华斯笔下的“水仙花”到波德莱尔笔下的“恶之花”所经历的.转变那样。 分析：本句的主干是…more artists began seeing happiness as…。开头的连词but表转折，短语somewhere from the 19th century onward为时间状语。主句中，第一个as构成see…as…结构，表示“把……视为……”;第二个as为连词，引导方式状语从句，表示“正如……”。 In other words, whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize, 插入语让步状语从句 those differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes” the in formation. 主语谓语状语宾语从句 译文：换句话说，不管两个人在记忆力方面表现出多大的先天差异，但和每个人对信息进行“编码”的能力相比，这些差异就显得没那么重要了。 分析：本句包含一个由whatever引导的让步状语从句。主句是一个被动句those differences are swamped by…，其中主语是those differences ,谓语是are swamped , 介词by之后的成份是施动者，和介词by一起构成了介宾短语，做句子的状语。由于by后面是一个句
考研英语历年真题经典长难句深度解析
考研英语历年真题经典长难句深度解析（一）2014年考研英语真题翻译中的一句，其中出现了定语从句，状语从句和并列结构。语义逻辑关系比较复杂，翻译难度较大。 It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself. 1.重点词汇及短语： describe…with…用……描述…… articulate 【生义】v. 清楚地表达，描述【熟义】adj. 明晰清楚的 reaction n. 反应 grasp v. 理解，领会（尤指复杂的事情或观点） 2.句子成分分析：本句为主从复合句，主干是It is also the reason...。why引导定语从句，解释说明the reason。定语从句中包含了一个时间状语从句when we try to describe music with words。关系副词why引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词reason，在定语从句中充当原因状语。例如：He didn’t tell me the reason why he was so upset. 从句引导词选用关系副词why还是关系代词that/which，取决于先行词reason在从句中充当的成分：先行词reason在从句中作副词性成分，应该用why。例如：Please tell me the reason why he was late.（先行词reason在从句中作原因状语）；先行词reason在从句中作名词性成分，应该用that/which。例如：Please tell me the reason that/which made him late.（先行词reason 在从句中作主语） 3.参考译文：这也是为什么当我们试图用语言描述音乐时，我们只能表达出自己对音乐的感受，而无法领悟音乐本身。 （二）2015年考研英语真题，一起来分析一下。 Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: "The creation of the 'statistics board' was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science's overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.” 1.重点词汇及短语： impel v. 促使，迫使【用法】impel sb to do sth迫使某人做…… statistics board 统计板
考研英语阅读中的经典长难句分析
考研英语阅读中的经典长难句分析 长难句一： While warnings are often appropriate and necessary – the dangers of drug interactions, for example – and many are required by state or federal regulations, it is not clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. 【词汇及词组】appropriate 恰当的;合适的 regulation 规则;条例;法令 liability 〔尤指法律上对还款、赔偿等的〕责任，义务 【结构精析】本句的主干是it is not clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. 而While warnings are often appropriate and necessary and many are required by state or federal regulations是本句的让步状语从句。(注意：while除了可以引导时间状语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，大家在理解句子时要注意区分该词的用法)，在让步状语从句中，the dangers of drug interactions, for example 为插入语，对第一个让步小分句进行补充说明。 【参考翻译】尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告——许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的，然而(我们)并不清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时，这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。 长难句二： The organization of districts that meet the criteria suggested would make it possible to resolve the small-school problem in all except isolated and sparsely populated areas where such schools may have to be continued regardless of higher costs. 【词汇及词组】criteria (判断的) 标准 resolve 解决〔问题、困难〕;下决心(resolve to do sth) isolated 〔建筑物、村庄等〕孤零零的，偏僻的;〔人〕孤单的，孤独的 sparsely populated 人口稀少的 regardless of 不管 【结构精析】本句的主干是The organization of districts would make it possible to resolve the small-school problem in all except isolated and sparsely populated areas. 其中that meet
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析前置引用
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析前置引用 That，of course，is too simple. The reason is that there are two possible relations between your mind and the book, not just one. These two relations are exemplified by two different experiences that you can have in reading your book. 【翻译】 那样想当然太简单了。原因是在你的大脑和书之间有两种可能的关系，而不仅仅是一种关系。这两种关系可以通过两种不同的经历来加以例证，这两种不同的经历是你在读书的时候体验到的。 【语法分析】 第一句是一个简单句，主系表。 注意这里的主语that指的是上一段的最后一句话，也就是your success in reading it is determined by the extent to which you receive everything the writer intended to communicate. 作者的意思是，如果你要那样想，那就太简单，太肤浅了，就想错了。
第二句是一个主从复合句，也是一个主系表结构。但是它的表语是一个由that引导的表语从句。 表语从句是一个there be句型。 第三句也是一个主从复合句，被动语态。介词短语by two different experiences是状语。在experiences的后面还跟了一个定语从句that you can have in reading your book，修饰前面的experiences.(你在读书时可能会体验到的经历)。 You have a mind. Now let us suppose that you also have a book that you want to read. The book consists of language written by someone for the sake of communicating something to you. Your success in reading it is determined by the extent to which you receive everything the writer intended to communicate. 【翻译】 小标题: 阅读的目的: 为了获取信息而阅读，以及为了理解而阅读 你有一个大脑。现在我们来假设一下你也有一本你想读的书。这本书包括一些语言文字，这些文字是某个人想跟你沟通一些事情而写下来的。你能成功地理解这本书，取决于你能接受的作者希望传递给你的每样东西的程度。 【语法分析】
考研英语之分析句子成分破解长难句
考研英语之分析句子成分破解长难句 英语句型看似复杂多变，其实源于两大钻石句型，即主谓宾（本句型总共有4种形式，分别因谓语动词的不同特点而决定谓语之后有无宾语或补足语，详细为：主语+谓语、主语+谓语+宾语、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语，为了简明扼要的说明问题，本局部将其总结为一种句型“主语+谓语+宾语”）、主系表。每一成分皆可复杂化，由此加大了句子的理解难度。下面就演示一下这两大根本句型是如何扩展成复杂的长难句的。 钻石句型：①主语+谓语+宾语（S+V+O） ②主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P) （一）钻石句型①主谓宾句型 The boy (主语) likes (谓语) English (宾语). 1.主语扩展： The clever boy likes English. The boy with a book in his hand likes English. The boy who is full of imagination likes English. The clever boy who is full of imagination with a book in his hand likes English. 注：主语中心词为the boy, 可以通过加形容词、介词短语、定语从句及其组合等成分使主语复杂化，从而增加理解难度。考研翻译中的主语考点多为修饰成分繁多的主语。 2.谓语扩展： The boy likes English very much. The boy likes English out of interest.
The boy likes English influenced by his parents. The boy likes English, hoping that one day he can go abroad. The boy liked English when he was five years old. 注：谓语动词like通过添加副词短语、介词短语、现在分词短语、过去分词短语、状语从句等进展扩展，从而使句子变得复杂，增加了理解难度。考研翻译中注意找准动词及其修饰成分,以弄清逻辑关系。 3.宾语扩展： The boy likes American English. The boy likes English, the international language. The boy likes English which is the most widely spoken language in the world. The boy likes English spoken by many people nowadays. The boy likes English, a beautiful language, spoken by many people living in every corner of the world. 注：宾语English通过添加形容词（短语）、同位语、定语从句、分词短语及其组合进展扩展，从而使简单句变得复杂化。考研翻译中要注意这些修饰成分，如分词构造要找出逻辑主语等，定语从句要找出先行词，等等。 （二）钻石句型②主系表句型 The girl (主语) is (系动词) Mary (表语). 各局部扩展：
考研英语长难句分析详解
考研英语长难句分析详解 Many critics of Emily Bronte’s novel Wuthering Heights see its second part as a counterpoint that comments on, if it does not reverse, the first part, where a “romantic”reading receives more confirmation. 单词 critic (krɪtɪk ) A critic is someone who finds fault with something and expresses an unfavourable opinion. You might be a critic of your school’s new plan to start the school day at 6:30 a.m. 更多词源知识：
The word critic came into English by way of Latin, tracing back to the Greek word krinein, meaning “judge, decide.”If you’re a critic, you’re essentially judging something —and finding it lacking. Critic can be used broadly to describe any person expressing an unfavorable view, but there are professional critics as well, such as people who review movies or music. In that sense, the word describes someone who thoughtfully assesses something, either favorably or negatively. 例句： The newspaper has been the most consistent critic of the government. He became a fierce critic of the tobacco industry. Her critics accused her of caring only about success. counterpoint (kaʊntəʳpɔɪnt )
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析形式主语
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析形式主语 But the packaging is often done so effectively that the viewer, listener, or reader does not make up his own mind at all. Instead, he inserts a packaged opinion into his mind , somewhat like inserting a cassette into a cassette player. He then pushes a button and "plays back" the opinion whenever it seems appropriate to do so. He has performed acceptably without having had to think. 【翻译】 但是打包的工作通常做得实在是太有效了，以至于观众、听众和读者压根就不做决定了。相反，他把打包好的观点插入自己的大脑，有点像把磁带插入播放机里。然后每当看起来适合播放的时候，他就摁一下按钮，“回放”一下那个观点。他不需要非得思考，就已经能做到可接受的程度了。 【语法分析】
第一句是一个主从复合句。这个句子是由so... that... 连接起来的。so所在的句子是主句，从that 开始是从句，that 引导的结果状语从句。 not... at all表示否定，而且，在not后面加上at all 之后，是对否定语气的强化，翻译成“压根不，一点也不......” 第二句是一个简单句。这一句用的句型是insert... into...把......插入......。packaged是个过去分词，作定语，修饰opinion“被打了包的观点”，不是零散的好几个观点。 后面是like引导的介词短语，作状语。 句子开头的instead是个副词，“与此相反”，“相反”，作状语，它把第二句与第一句联系起来，表示转折关系。 第三句是一个主从复合句，whenever之前是主句，从whenever 开始是时间状语从句。 主句里有两个并列的谓语动词: pushes a button 和"plays back" the opinion，都是动宾搭配。 从句里的连词是whenever, 用法与when相似，只是意思比when更精确，并强调了时间，whenever“每当......的时候”，而when是“当......的时候”。