浅谈中西方价值观的差异_英文论文

On the differences between Chinese

and Western Values

浅谈中西方价值观的差异

[Abstract] values are the essence of the spirit of national culture. This article analyses the differences between Chinese and Western values according to the value mainstreams, personal-based, Heaven concept, knowledge, and communication and so on.With the profound understanding of Chinese and Western cultures ，we can avoid the mistakes of cross-cultural communication

[摘要]价值观是民族文化的精神本质。本文从价值主流、个人本位、天人观、知识观、交际观等几个方面析中西方价值观的差异，有了对中西方文化更深刻的理解,才能避免跨文化交际失误。

[Key words] China; West; culture; values; differences

[关键词]中国；西方；文化；价值观；差异

The differences between countries in values, makes the ways of thinking or behavior of people are different in every country. In cross-cultural communication,these differences are easy to cause the misunderstandings between the two sides.Values are the differences in cross-cultural communication. This article will analyze the differences between Chinese and Western values, With the profound understanding of Chinese and Western cultures ，we can avoid the mistakes of cross-cultural communication

First,Values and culture. Culture is a rich multi-dimensional extension, it includes the material culture life, social life and spiritual life of the three major

areas ,generally it refers to human beings’ ability and create results that in the process of social practice .Culture includes value systems and values are the cornerstone of culture. Values are also the most profound and difficult part of understanding, and they guide and control people's behavior all the time. Values are the essence spirit of national culture they decide the characteristics and style of culture .

Second, the main differences of the performance between Chinese and Western values.

1. The value of the mainstream. The mainstream of Western cultural values is the spirit of fighting for self-satisfaction. Western culture publicizes personality, emphasizes the protection of individual interests ,focus on the potential of independent individuals and strengthens the awareness of individual rights. The values of mainstream Chinese culture is the spirit of harmony. In the relationship between human and nature, Chinese advocates harmony between human and nature, human and nature can live in harmony. In human relations, emphasize the importance of harmony with the human good .The Chinese nation is a peace-loving and friendly one.

2.Unified and pluralistic values. Chinese people are deeply affected by the Confucian. They think that the more conducts a person makes in his life, the more meaningful. Therefore, people who has the largest political vision are affected by such a unitary value of life, most people do not want to be the one who is interested in Natural Science, which were trapped in the embryonic stage of scientific. Also, people have the wisdom to concentrate on political power, so that can creat a real political culture super-solid model in a unique world. In this particular model, the Chinese will have a unique historical

phenomenon. The value of life in Western culture was the diversification, politics is a realization of the life value and business is also considered to be very valuable.

3.Relationship and humans to nature.In Western country , relationship and humans to nature is :humans control nature . as follows: make life comfortable and convenient ;problems can be solved once we know the facts.The Western experience of human life being separate from nature can be found in the Bible story of creation . As masters of nature .humans are encouraged to control it and exploit it in any way they choose to master the natural world ,people need to study and explore it to figure out how it works ,much as you might figure out how a machine works before you use it .This attitude of looking at the natural world as an object contributed to the development of Western science.In China , relationship and humans to nature is: harmony with nature, as follows: live according to the rhythms of nature;everything has its own character;be balanced.Chinese traditional medicine shows the cultural value of harmony with nature.

4.Sense of time.In Western country , sense of time is :future orientation, as follows :control the future by planning for it ;what is past is past and not important ;the young know what is happening ;study history to shape the future .In their mind, each of us has such a bank. Its name is time . Each day it opens a new account for you. Each night it burns the remains of the day.If you fail to use the day’s deposits,the loss if yours. There is no going back . There is no drawing against the “tomorrow” .You must live in the present on today’s deposits . Invest it so as to get from it the utmost in heath, happiness, and success! The clock is running . Make the most of today. And remember that time waits for no one.In China ,sense of time

is :past orientation, as follows :tradition if the best teacher; what happened in the past is important today; the old are wise ; break with the past to change society.

5. Activity.In Western country , activity is doing –what you are doing. As follows :achieve specific goals; develop procedures and measure results; show the world what you can do; pay attention to actions.Doing culture people often talk a lot and may not be especially physically active. If you ask such a person what they are doing with their talk, they might say that they are planning , problem-solving , gathering information or making decisions. These are important concepts for people from doing cultures because these are the mental activities that lead to action or are the equivalent of action. They consider these activities as well as their achievements to be important ,usually more important than their social status or position. In China , activity is being-who you are, as follows: protect your dignity and the dignity of others; fulfill your role; show the world who you are ;pay attention to people.

6.Social relationships In Western country,social relationships is individual, as follows: express your own feelings and ideas ;be as independent and self-reliant as possible; make your own decisions and choices.In culture with individualist values each person is seen as autonomous and separate. In individualist cultures, people are more likely to express pride in themselves and their accomplishment rather than to express pride in their group, company, family ,or hometown. Because an individual’s position in life is seen to be the result of his own efforts and ability ,it is difficult for him to feel good when things are not going well.In China , social relationships is hierarchy ,as follows: obey authority;

know your place ;treat others according to their position ;look to leading figures to know what to think and do.In both obvious and subtle ways people’s relationships with one another are influenced by where they perceive each other to be in a number of different hierarchies.

Third.Conclusion: Any social group has its own particular culture and the values ; any social individual is the cultural product, which share their own social group's rules; the formation that is built in any community , as a result of approval of the social individual culture. Why are the Values between Western country and China so different? The reasons include: the different world view, historical perspective, politics, religious belief. manners in life, national system , education of the family and the school, influence of traditional ideas, condition of the economical development and so on .All these reasons cause the differences. So the Western country and China have their unique values and culture.

参考文献：赵燕霞（透视中西方价值观的差异）

中西文化差异英文

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中西方价值观差异

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文化是一个内涵丰富、外延宽广的多维概念。“文化无所不在, 具有多维性、复杂性和普遍渗透性”。文化包括物质生活、社会生活和精神生活三大领域,通常指人类在社会实践过程中所获得的能力和创造的成果。童之侠认为,文化是一个人群的成员赖以区别于另一个人群成员的共同思维方式。文化包括价值体系,价值观是文化的基石。文化可以分为很多层,最外表的一层是象征物,如服装、语言、建筑物等等,能够很容易看见。第二层是英雄人物性格在一种文化里,人们所崇拜的英雄的性格代表了这个文化中的大多数人的性格。了解英雄的性格也就能了解英雄所在文化的民族性格。第三层是礼仪。礼仪是每种文化中对待人和自然的独特表达方式。第四层是价值观,指人们相信什么是真、善、美的抽象观念,也是文化中最深邃、最难理解的部分,而且时时刻刻指导和控制着人们的行为。价值观是民族文化的精神本质,决定着文化的特征和风范。三、中西方价值观的形成随着不同国家或民族的产生和发展，价值观的形成主要有两大原因：历史发展（development of history）和思维方式（thinking pattern）。受这两种因素的影响，一个民族的基本价值观一旦形成，就会牢牢扎根于人们的心中，支配人的行为。 1、历史发展中国历史悠久，包括长达两千多年的封建统治，这种意识直接影响着现代人价值观的形成。现代中国人依然较顺从权威，尊重长辈，重视个人的身份，强调安分守己。相比之下，早在17 世纪，英国的

中美在饮食文化方面的差异英语论文

淮阴工学院课程论文（2010-2011学年第二学期）论文题目: 跨文化交际中的饮食文化差异——以中美饮食文化为例课程名称：跨文化交际英语任课老师：余洪虹姓名: 植云班级: 艺术1093 学号: 1092202325

跨文化交际中的饮食文化差异 ——以中美饮食文化为例摘要：饮食是一种文化，而不同的文化背景孕育着不同的饮食文化，中国饮食以食表意，其博大精深不可言喻，而美国的饮食则是吃什么就是什么。在中西方文化互相交融的今天，美国文化有值得我们学习和借鉴的地方，同时中华饮食文化的优点也要继承，本文着重从中美饮食文化进行比较，从而用客观的视角去审视中西方饮食文化。关键词：饮食文化，中国饮食，美国饮食，文化差异 1中国饮食文化的特点中国的历史悠久，文明源远流长，具有上下五千年的文化，因此饮食文化也比较丰富，它也是祖国丰富文化宝库中的一朵奇葩。中国从原始社会开始都是以大杂居为主，远古时期以部落为单位，后来一直演变，直到现代社会都是以家庭为单位，团团圆圆一直是中国人的愿望，中国人的集体意识形成了中国饮食文化的一大特点就是—一家人都是吃一桌菜，并且大多数家庭是以圆桌为主，一家人围在一起，表示家人和和睦睦、团团圆圆。中国人的饮食很讲究色、香、味原则，三者缺一不可，为使食物色美，通常是在青、绿、红、黄、白、黑、酱等色中取三至五色调配，也就是选用适当的荤素菜料，包括一种主料和二、三种不同颜色的配料，使用适当的烹法与调味，就能使得菜色美观。食物香喷，可以激发食欲，其方法即为加入适当的香料，如葱、姜、蒜、辣、酒、八角、桂皮、胡椒、麻油、香菇等，使烹煮的食物气味芬芳。烹调各种食物时，必须注重鲜味与原味的保留，尽量去除腥膻味；譬如烹调海鲜时，中国人则爱用葱姜。因此适量的使用如酱油、糖、醋、香料等各种调味品，可以使得嗜浓味者不觉其淡，嗜淡味者不嫌其浓，个人根据自己的口味选择。因为中国自古以来地大物博、人口稠密，所以中国人的饮食从先秦开始，就是以谷物为主，肉少粮多，辅以菜蔬，这就是典型的饭菜结构。其中饭是主食，而菜则是为了下饭，即助饭下咽。因为主食并不可口，必须有一种物质来辅助它使人们能够吃下去。当然菜的功能和盐的功能有共同点，但是不等同于盐。因为主食的单一性，所以，只有在菜上面花功夫，因此，中国的菜大都比较注重口味，

中美文化差异英语作文｜描写中西文化差异的英语作文满分模板范文.doc

【个人简历范文】一方水养一方人，中西方的文化也是有差异的，用英语描写一下你所知道德1中西方的文化差异吧。下面是为你整理的有关中西文化差异的高中英语作文，希望你喜欢! 描写中西文化差异的英语作文范文篇1 Through I am a Chinese,I have some west country friends.They lived in China for many years, from their tone ,I know that there are many cultural difference between West and China.Such as difference of dinner manners……In west countries ,when people are having dinner ,if one of them want to go to a WC.He or she shoud say”Excuse me ,I want to go to the toilets…”Only in such a way can others think you are of good manners.And in the bathroom,you can relieve the bowels, wash you faces, refine the make-up ,pick your teeth and so on.When you finished yourself,you can return to you set.A wonderful dinner can be continue.But in China,there are some different of it.When you want to have a bath,you shoud only say”I want to go to washroom”.That just means:I want to go out for a while.If you finished you dinner ,you can also say:”I'm full”That means:I am full ,help youselves.And then ,you can go out to have a rest or walk.That just some of the difference of dinner manners in west and in China.When we face it in the future ,don`t forget that! 描写中西文化差异的英语作文范文篇2 Long history in China in 5000, western social process of world 56 a hundred years.China is brilliant abundant, great and deep food culture;The western nation then has delicately and particularly , from become the food civilization of system.Medium the west food cultural collision, exchanges and melted into whole mankind's civilization to fill up with wear colourful function.Medium the Spanish turn of the difference of educated medium west food culture of difference, but this kind of difference come from medium the west different mode of thinking with conducting philosophy. This text introduced a medium Spanish to turn in the difference of food.West food from the food idea, food object, food method, food ownership and property etc. carry on the comparison of the culture. 描写中西文化差异的英语作文范文篇3 There are many difference between China and America such as in the field of geography ,culture, language ,politics ,economy and education with the development of science and technology .The word get even more smaller ,the communication between them is more frequent . Our country, China absorbs the essence and doesn’t eliminate the bad thing . Because a proverb ever since said when the fresh air come in ,the flies will also accompany it . At times we may not determine our countries’ geography