儿童西方文化导读4(完整资料).doc

【最新整理，下载后即可编辑】儿童西方文化导读第四册：目录1.To My Daughter----F.Scott Fitzgerald2.The Declaration of Independence----Thomas Jefferson3.On Self-Discipline----Aristotle4.What a Baby Costs---Edhar Guest5.If You Were----Author Unknown6.The Character of a Happy Life---Henry Wotton7.Thinking on Friendship---William Tyler Page8.The Athenian Oath---Ancient Athens9.The American's Creed---Wlliam Tyler Page10.The Ten Commandments----The Bible11.The Quality of Mercy---William Shakespeare12.Too Dear For The Whistle---Benjamin Franklin13.The Farmer and His Sons---Aesop14.The Brave Mice---AesopTo My DaughterBy F . Scott FitzgeraldThings to worry about :Worry about courageWorry about cleanlinessWorry about efficiencyWorry about horsemanship ……Things not to worry about :Don’t worry about popular opinionDon’t worry about dollsDon’t worry about the pastDon’t worry about the futureDon’t worry about growing upDon’t worry about anybody getting ahead of you Don’t worry about popular opinionDon’t worry about triumphDon’t worry about failure unless it comes through your own fault Don’t worry about mosquitoesDon’t worry about fliesDon’t worry about insects in generalDon’t worry about parentsDon’t worry about disappointmentsDon’t worry about pleasuresDon’t worry about satisfactionsThings to think about :What am I really aiming at ?How good am I in comparison to my contemporaries in regard to :(a) Scholarship(b) Do I really understand about people and am I able to get along with them ?(c) Am I trying to make my body a useful instrument or am I neglecting it ?The Declaration of IndependenceBy Thomas JeffersonWhen in the course of human events , it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another , and to assume among the Powers of the earth , the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature’s God entitle them , a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation . — We hold these truths to be self －evident , that all men are created equal , that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights , that among these are Life , Libertyand the pursuit of Happiness . — That to secure these rights , Governments are instituted among Men , deriving their just powers form the consent of the governed , — That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends , it is Right of the People to alter or to abolish it , and to institute new Government , laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form , as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness .On Self —DisciplineBy AristotleMoral virtues come from habit … They are in us neither by nature , nor in spite of nature , but we are furnished by nature with a capacity for receiving them , and we develop them through habit … These virtues we ac quire by first exercising them , as in the case of other arts . Whatever we learn to do , we learn by actually doing it : men come to be builders , for instance , by building , and harp players , by playing the harp . In the same way , by doing just acts we come to be just ; by doing self — controlled acts , we come to be self —controlled ; and by doing brave acts , we become brave ……What a Baby CostsBy Edgar Guest1．＂How much do babies cost ?＂said he The other night upon my knee ;And then I said :＂They cost a lot ;A lot of watching by a cot ,A lot of sleepless hours and care ,A lot of heartache and despair ,A lot of fear and trying dread ,And sometimes many tears are shedIn payment for our babies small ,But every one is worth it all .2．For babies people have to payA heavy price from day to day —There is no way to get one cheap .Why , somet imes when they’re fast asleep You have to get up in the nightAnd go and see that they’re all right . But what they cost in constant careAnd worry , does not half compareWith what they bring of joy and bliss —You’d pay much more for just a kiss . 3．Who buys a baby has to payA portion of the bill each day ;He has to give his time and thought Unto the little one he’s bought .He has to stand a lot of painInside his heart and not complain ;And pay with lonely days and sadFor all the happy h ours he’s had .All this a baby costs , and yetHis smile is worth it all , you bet .IF You WereAuthor Unknown1． If you were busy being king , Before you knew it , you would find You’d soon forget to think’ twas true That someone was unkind to you . 2． If you were busy being glad , And cheering people who are sad , Although your heart might ache a bit , You’d soon forget to notice it .3． If you were busy being good , And doing just the best you could , You’d not have time to blame some man Who’s doing just the best he can .4． If you were busy being right , You’d find yourself too busy quiteTo criticize your neighbor longBecause he’s busy being wrong .The Character of a Happy LifeBy Henry Wotton1． How happy is he born and taught , That serveth not another’s will ;Whose armor is his honest thought ,And simple truth his utmost skill !2． Whose passions not his masters are , Whose soul is still prepared for death , Untied unto the worldly careOf public fame , or private breath ;3． Who envies none that chance doth raise , Or vice ; who never understoodHow deepest wounds are given by praise ;Nor rules of state , but rules of good ;4． Who hath his life from rumors freed , Whose conscience is his strong retreat ;Whose state can neither flatterers feed ,Nor ruin make oppressors great ;5． Who God doth late and early pray , More of his grace than gifts to lend ;And entertains the harmless dayWith a religious book or friend .6． This man is freed from servile bands , Of hope to rise , or fear to fall ;Lord of himself , though not of lands ;And having nothing , yet hath all .Thinking on FriendshipBy William ShakespeareSONNET XXIXWhen in disgrace with fortune and men’s eyes .I all alone beweep my outcast state ,And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries , And look upon myself , and curse my fate , Wishing me like to one more rich in hope , Featured like him , like him with friends possess’ d , Desiring this man’s art and that man’s scope , With what I most enjoy contented least ;Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising , Haply I think on thee , and them my state ,Like to the lark at break of day arisingFrom sullen earth , sings hymns at heaven’s gate ; For thy sweet love remember’ d such wealth brings That then I scorn to change my state with kings . SONNET XXXWhen to the sessions of sweet silent thoughtI summon up remembrance of things past ,I sigh the lack of many a thing I sought ,And with old woes new wail my dear time’s waste : Then can I drown an eye , unused to flow ,For precious friends hid in death’s dateless night , And weep afresh love’s long since cancel’ d woe , And moan the expense of many a vanish’ d sight : Then can I grieve at grievances foregone ,And heavily from woe to woe tell o’erThe sad account of fore — bemoaned moan ,Which I new pay as if not paid before ,But if the while I think on thee , dear friend ,All losses are restored and sorrows end .The Athenian OathFrom Ancient AthensWe will never bring disgrace on this our City by an act of dishonesty or cowardice .1．We will fight for the ideals and Sacred Things of the City both alone and with many .We will revere and obey the City’s laws , and will do our best to incite a like reverence and respect in those above us who are prone to annul them or set them at naught .2．We will strive increasingly to quicken the public’s sense of civic duty . Thus in all these ways we will transmit this City . not only not less , but greater and more beautiful than it was transmitted to us .The American’s CreedBy William Tyler Page1．I believe in the United States of America as a Government of the people , by the people , for the people ; whose just powers are derived from the consent of the governed ; a democracy in a republic ; a sovereign Nation of many sovereign States ; a perfect union , one and inseparable ; established upon those principles of freedom , eqaulity , justice , and humanity for which American patriots sacrificed their lives and fortunes .2．I therefore believe it is my duty to my country to love it ; to support its Constitution ; to obey its laws ; to respect its flag , and defend it against all enemies .The Ten CommandmentsFrom The Bible1．I am the Lord thy God . Thou shalt have no other gods before me . 2．Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image .3．Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain . 4．Remember the Sabbath day , to keep it holy .5．Honor thy father and thy mother .6．Thou shalt not kill .7．Thou shalt not commit adultery .8．Thou shalt not steal .9．Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor . 10．Thou shalt not cover .The Quality of MercyBy William ShakespeareThe quality of mercy is not strain’ d .It droppeth as the gentle rain from heavenUpon the place beneath .It is twice blest :It blesseth him that gives ,and him that takes .’ Tis mightiest in the mightiest ;it becomesThe throned monarch better than his crown .His scepter shows the force of temporal power ,The attribute to awe and majesty ,Wherein doth sit the dread and fear of kings ;But mercy is above this sceptered sway ;It is enthroned in the hearts of kings ;It is an attribute to God himself ;And earthly power doth then show likest God’sWhen mercy seasons justice .Too Dear For The WhistleBy Benjamin FranklinWhen I was a child of seven years old , my friends , on a holiday , filled my pocket with coppers . I went at once to a shop where they sold toys for children . Being charmed with the sound of a whistle that I had seen by the way , in the hands of another boy , I handed over all my money for one . I then came home , and went whistling all over the house , much pleased with my whistle , but disturbing all the family . My brothers and sisters and cousins , when I told of the bargain I had made , said I had given four timesas much as the whistle was worth . They put me in mind of what good things I might have bought with the rest of the money , and laughed at me so much for my folly that I cried with vexation . Thinking about the matter gave me more chagrin than the whistle gave me pleasure .This , however , was afterwards of use to me , for the impression continued on my mind , so that often , when I was tempted to buy something I did not need ,I said to myself , ＂Don’t give too much for the whistle , ＂and I saved my money . As I grew up , came into the world , and observed the actions of men , I thought I met with many , very many , who ＂gave too much for the whistle . ＂When I saw some men too eager for court favour , wasting his time at court gatherings , giving up his rest , his liberty , his virtue , and perhaps his friends , for royal favour , I said to myself —＂This man gives too much for the whistle . ＂When I saw another fond of popularity , constantly taking part in political affairs , neglecting his own business , and ruining it by neglect , ＂He pays , indeed , ＂said I , ＂too dear for his whistle .＂If I knew a miser who gave up every kind of comfortable living , all the pleasure of doing good to others , all the esteem of his fellow citizens and the joys of friendship , for the sake of gathering and keeping wealth —＂poor man , ＂said I , ＂you pay too dear for your whistle .＂When I met a man of pleasure , who did not try to improve his mind or his fortune but merely devoted himself to having good time , perhaps neglecting his health , ＂Mistaken man , ＂said I , ＂you are providing pain for yourself , instead of pleasure ; you are paying too dear for your whistle . ＂If I saw someone fond of appearance who had fine clothes , fine houses , fine furniture , fine earrings , all above his fortune , and for which he had run into debt , ＂Alas , ＂said I , ＂he has paid dear , very dear , for his whistle . ＂In short the miseries of mankind are largely due to their putting a false value on things — to giving ＂too much for their whistles ＂.The Farmer and His SonsBy AesopA farmer , being at death’s door , and desiring to impart to his sons a secret of much moment , called them round him and said , ＂My sons , l am shortly about to die . I would have you know , therefore , that in my vineyard there lies a hidden treasure . Dig , and you will find it . ＂As soon as their father was dead , the sons took spade and fork and turned up the soil of the vineyard over and over again , in their search for treasure which they supposed to lie buried there . They found none , however : but the vines , after so thorough a digging , produced a crop such as had never before been seen .There is no treasure without toil .The Brave MiceBy AesopAn old cat was in the habit of catching all the mice in the barn .One day the mice met to talk about the great harm that she was doing them . Each one told of some plan by which to keep out of her way .＂Do as I say , ＂said an old gray mouse that was thought to be verywise . ＂Do as I say . Hang a bell to the cat’s neck . Then , when we hear it ring , we shall know that she is coming , and can scamper out of her way . ＂＂Good ! Good !＂said all the other mice , and one ran to get the bell .＂Now which of you will hang this bell on the cat’s neck ?＂said the old gray mouse .＂Not I ! Not I ! ＂ said all the mice together . And they scampered away to their holes .--------------------------------------------------------------------------------致女儿E . 斯科特·菲茨杰拉德F . Scott Fitzgerald斯科特·菲茨杰拉德（1896-1940），美国小说家。