物流专业英语与计算机基础阅读理解练习
物流专业英语与计算机基础阅读理解练习(一)After completing a commercial transaction, logistics will executethe transfer of goods from the supplier (seller) to the customer (buyer) in the most cost-effective manner. This is the definition of logistics. During the transfer process, hardware such as logistics facilitied and equipment (logistics carriers) are needed, as well as informationcontrol and standardization. In addition, supports from the government and logistics association should be in place.Three major functions of logistics1. Creating time value: same goods can be valued differently at different times. Goods often stop during the transfer process, which is professionally called the storage of logistics. It creates the time value for goods.2. Creating location value: same goods can be valued differently at different locations. The value added during the transfer process is the location value of logistics., Distribution processing Value: sometime logistics create distributionprocessing value, which changes the length, thickness and packagesof the goods.Like popular saying, “cutting into smaller parts “ is the most commonly seendistribution processing form. Most processing within logistics create added valuefor goods.见P651. What is the meaning “cost-effective”? ( )A. Cost reducedB. EconomicallyC. Cost evaluateD. To add cost答案.B2. ( ) creates time valueA. TransportationB. Good flowC. Different locationD. Storage答案.D3. What is the same meaning of location value? ( )A. Different valueB. Different value of same goods at the different placesC. Different goodD. Different value of different goods at the same place 答案.B4. What is the distribution processing value? ( )A. DistributionB. ProcessingC. Sales and processingD. Changing the length, thickness and the package of the goods答案. B5. The distribution process value is available in all logistics activities. Is it correct ornot? ( )A. BothB. YesC. NotD. Not clear答案.C(二)An increasing number of companies are involving in international markets through exporting, licensing, joint ventures, and ownership. This trend should continue. With such expansion there is a need to develop worldwide logistics networks. Integrated logistics management and cost analysis will be more complex and difficult to manage. There are some future trends in internationalization:1. More logistics executives with international responsibilities.2. Expansion of the number and size of foreign trade zones.3. Reduction in the amount of international paperwork and documentation.4. More foreign warehousing is owned and controlled by the exporting firm.5. Increasing number of smaller firms.6. Foreign ownership of logistics service firms, e.g., public warehousing and transportation carriers.7. Increasing multiple distribution channels.The international transport and the international logistics are same things in some way. So, when the international trading involved, the firm must establish international logistics systems to provide the products and services demanded. The most significant development in international logistics will be the increasing sophistication information system adopted and independent departments to operate. 见P681. What is the subject of the paragraph? ( )A. The international tradeB. The international transportC. The international logisticsD. International economy 答案.C2. What is the same meaning of “Internationalization”? ( )A. NationalizationB. GlobalizationC. IntegrationD. Standardization答案.B3. What is the meaning of trend? ( )A. General directionB. Developing roadC. WayD. Path答案.A4. The international transport and the international logistics are same. Is it correct ornot? ( )A. Not mention in the paragraphB. Not clearC. WrongD. Right答案.D5. The international trade needs the ( ) to fulfill its transaction.A. TrucksB. LogisticsC. ShipsD. Aircrafts答案.B(三)The characters of modern logistics are huge quantity, quick response and globalization. In order to meet the needs, information technology has become the brain to control them.Bar code, POS, EDI, GPS and internet are the main choices for the operation of logistics. Bar code system can get the goods informationfast and exactly. By the data processing unit, POS system can check the inventory of warehouse at any time. When the super center adopts POS system, it can check the sales record, inventory even cash flow easily. EDI is a magic tool that can translate your documents into electronic data, sent it to your partner in any location by cable. In this way, we don’t need to make deal face-to-face. revise the documents, declare to customs before the shipments arrived, and more. Now, EDI is the most essential information tool for international trade and logistics. All of information tools are based on internet. In today’ s society, the organs of commercial and government, schools, even individual can makeE-commerce with internet. So, Internet is the greatest revolution to influence the mankind.1. Information technology can help the operation of the logistics, but can’t change its future.Is it correct or not? ( )A. CorrectB. WrongC. In limited wayD. The role is not decided答案.B2. EDI is the core of information technology used in international trade andtransportation.Is it a fact? ( ) A. CorrectB. WrongC. Not mentionedD. Not clear答案.A3. What is the meaning of “magic tool” in the paragraph? ( )A. VisibleB. InvisibleC. NetD. You can’t image it.答案.D4. What is most important information technology in the logistics? ( )A. Bar CodeB. DOSC. EDID. GPS答案.C5. Why is the Internet a great revolution? ( )A. The newest scientific and technology inventionB. The most advanced technologyC. The valuable toolD. Helping the mankind greatly答案.D(四)If a shipper has a strict arrival and departure requirements, railroads are at a competitive disadvantage compared to motor carriers. Some of this disadvantage may be overcome through combined transport, which offers the economy of rail movement linked with the flexibility of trucking. Truck trailers are delivered to the rail terminals, where they are loaded on flatbed railcars. At the destination terminal they areoff-loaded and delivered to the consignee-the customer who receivers the shipment. An additional area in which railroads suffer in comparison to motor carriers is equipment availability. Railroad lines use each other’s cars, and at times this equipment may not by located where itis most needed. Railcars may be unavailablebecause they are being loaded, unloaded, moved within railroadsorting yards, or undergoing repair. Other cars may be standing idle or lost within the vast rail network. A number of developments in the rail industry have helped to overcome some of these utilization problems. Advances have included: computer routing and scheduling; the upgrading of equipment, roadbeds, and terminals; improvements in railcar identification systems; and the use of unit trains, cars owned or leased by the shipper; and dedicated through-train service between major metropolitan areas (nonstop shipments of one or a few shippers’ products). Railroads own approximately 80percent of their car fleet. The remaining 20 percent are either leased or owned by shippers.见P741. The disadvantages of rail transport compared with motor carrier is ( )A. CostB. SpeedC. Lost and damage ratiosD. Transit time and frequency of service答案.D2. The disadvantage above mentioned can be overcome by ( )A. Combined transportB. More frequencyC. Fast trainD. More flexible答案.A3. The advantage of rail transport are ( A )A. Great amount of shippedB. Less damage ratioC. Fast speed、exact schedule、cost savedD. Direct shipping line答案.A4. Railroads own about ( ) of their car fleetA. HalfB. 80%C. 20%D. Not mentioned答案.D5. What is the meaning of Metropolitan areas? ( )A. Around the cityB. City itselfC. The area near the cityD. Big city and its neighbor area答案.D(五)Inventory can serve two basic functions:1. To provide a reserve for production and sales.2. To get the price discount by purchasing a large quantities. Inventory may be raw materials for the factory or finished products for the wholesaler and retailer. Most of inventory is placed in warehouse. Usually, three warehouses are available:1. Private warehouse. A private warehouse is owned and operated by a company. It is convenient to the owner who can store and process easily. For most factories and big traders, they often have large or small warehouse, more or less space to store goods.2. Public warehouse. Public Warehouse is developing for the Third Part Logistics and offers special services, including package and arrangement of delivery. Public warehouse has advantage of better service and lower cost than private one by its specialized equipment and marketing share.3. Contract warehouse. This kind of warehouse is formed and dependedon the relation between the suppliers and customer.When buyer purchases goods, they don’t often ship it at the sametime and store at the sellers’ warehouse. Warehouse equipment consistsof folk lift truck, stacker, good shelf and conveyor, etc.1. Inventory is the same as warehouse. Is it true or not? ( )A. Sometime yesB. NotC. No relation between themD. Different goods at different place答案.B2. Generally speaking, there are two kinds of inventory which are ( )A. GoodsB. MaterialsC. Materials and productsD. Raw materials and finished products 答案.D3. Public warehouse is most efficient. What is your opinion? ( )A. Depend on the situationB. YesC. NotD. Not comparable答案.A4. Usually, contract warehouse doesn’t need to pay. Is it corrector not? ( )A. YesB. NotC. It didn’t mention it.D. Sometime yes, sometime not. 答案.C5 What is the equipment of warehouse,( )A. ToolsB. Tools for handling, loading and unloadingC. Forklift truckD. Forklift truck and goods shelf答案.D(六)Managers in the last two decades have witnessed a period of change unparalleled in the history of the world, in terms of advances in technology, globalization of markets and stabilization of political economies. With the increasing number of “world-class”competitors both domestically and abroad, organizations have had to improve their internal processes rapidly in order to stay competitive. In the 1960s and 1970s, companies began to develop detailed market strategies, which focused on creating and capturing customer loyalty. Organizations also realized that strong engineering, design and manufacturing functions were necessary in order to support these market requirements. Design engineers had to be able to translate customer needs into product and service specifications, which then had to be produced at a high level of quality and at a reasonable cost. As thedemand for new products escalated in the 1980s, manufacturing organizations were required to become increasingly flexible and responsive to modify existing products and processes or to develop new ones in order to meet ever-changing customer needs. As manufacturing capabilities improved in the 1990s, managers realized that material and service input from suppliers had amajor impact on their organization’s ability to meet customer needs. This led to anincreased focus on the supply base and the organization’s sourcing strategy. Managers also realized that producing a quality product wasnot enough. Getting the products to customers when, where , how, and in the quantity that they want, in a cost-effective manner, constituted an entirely new type of challenge. More recently, the era of the“Logistics Renaissance” was also born, recreating a whole set of time-reducinginformation technologies and logistics network aimed at meetingthese challenges. As a result of these changes, organizations now find that it is no longer enough to manage their organizations. They mustalso be involved in the management of to manage their organizations. They must also be involved in the management of the network of all upstream firms that provide inputs (directly or indirectly), as well as the network of downstream firms responsible for delivery and after-market service of the product to the end customer. From this realization emerged the concept of the “supply chain”.见P781. When did the great changes take for the world economy?A. 1970B. Last 20 years or moreC. Last centuryD. Long time ago答案.B2. What is the meaning of “customer loyally”?A. The most important customers for any firmB. Loyal to companyC. The customers to buy a lotD. The long term customers 答案.D3. What is the meaning of “Logistics Renaissance”?A. Logistics began a new periodB. Logistics is rebornC. Logistics has taken economic functions much more beforeD. Logistics is developing 答案.A4. What is the meaning of “Upstream” fo r supply chain?A. CustomersB. SuppliersC. BuyersD. A and B答案.B5. What is the meaning of “Downstream” for supply chain?A. CustomersB. SuppliersC. SellersD. B and C答案.A6. ( ) is the place to store the goods imported or in transit, without paying dutyunder custom’s supervision.A. Boned warehouseB. Exported warehouseC. Imported warehouseD. Customs warehouse 答案.A(七)All over the world, more and more ocean freights are carried outwith containers. This trend will continue because containerized shipment offers so many advantages. Among them are:1. Economy. Overall transportation costs can be reduced by the container shipment. In the case of general cargo of 10,000 tons, it takes 48 hours to load and unload, but for the container ship of 35,000 tons, only 6-8 hour needed to load and unload.2. Safety. The cargo can be handled in any weather and is efficiently protected from theft and damage, because it is completely enclosed.3. Large scale. Container ship has become giant from 10,000 tons in 1970 to 100,000 tons, now it continues to grow bigger and bigger.There are two kinds of containers, 20’ and 40’, mostly adopted. 20’ container is called TEU, Twenty-feet Equivalent Unit, and standard container. One 40’ container is equals two 20’s.Containers are used in ocean, railway and highway transportation. In recent years, many container terminals have been established. The continental bridge transport is introduced to load containers by trains. The road transportation follows this trendency, the tractors pull the container with the speed in 100 km per hour in highway. 1. What is container shipment? ( )A. To load goods in containerB. Container is only choice for transportation.C. Containerized transportationD. Container ship, container train and container track 答案.2. What is containerization shipment? ( )A. To load goods in containerB. Container is only choice for transportation.C. Containerized transportation.D. Container ship, container train and container track 答案.D3. Only 20’ and 40’ container are available. Is it a fact? ( )A. CorrectB. WrongC. Not mentionedD. I don’t know答案. B4. 20’ container is standard container. Is it true or not? ( )A. YesB. NotC. It is old conceptD. It is new kind of container答案.A5. Container ships need the container terminal to load and unload goods. Is it correct or not? ( )A. CorrectB. WrongC. DependD. No mention答案.A(八)Now, we discuss the relation between the international trade and logistics. As you know, trading involves several steps:1. Making deal. In this stage, the buyer and seller should negotiate the price of the goods, the way to pay, finally sign the contract.2. Payment. It is a core step in the trading. General speaking, buyers can’ t pay to sellers directly. They usually ask their bank to write the Letter of Credit (L/C) to the sellers. L/C is the promise to pay from the buyer, transferred to sellers’ band under the conditional articles.3. Transportation. After receiving qualified L/C, the seller begins to deliver the goods. Then transportation takes the main place of the trading. So, international transportation is similar word to international logistics. Logistics can move the commodities form one country to another with ships, trucks and air. Logistics may fix the cost of transportation to the trading partners with the terms of FOB and CIF. FOB means the deal price without insurance and freight. CIF contains cost of goods, insurance and freight. Transportation as the main function of the logistics has the very close relationship with foreign trade.4. Customs clearance and Inspection. In the final step, logistics helps customers and customs in two ways, on one hand, arrangement of goods to be cleared on the other, handing in the documents to be examined.1. There is not close relationship between international trade and logistics. Is it correct?A. CorrectB. WrongC. This is not main topic in the page.D. I don’t know答案.B2. What is contract? ( )A. PaperB. ArrangementC. Arrangement by both sides of dealD. Memo答案.C3. L/C is a letter from buyer to seller. Is it true or not?A. TrueB. YesC. CorrectD. Wrong答案. A4. What does the customs do? ( )A. Inspecting goods and collecting dutyB. Government organC. Collecting taxD. Inspecting commodities答案.D5. Does the author talk about the transportation equipment? ( )A. YesB. NOC. Only a littleD. Dropping a hint 答案.B(一)BDBBC (二)CBADB (三)BADCD(四)DAADD (五)BDACD (六)BDABAA (七)XDBAA (八)BCADB。
物流专业英语试题及答案
物流专业英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题1分，共10分）1. What does the acronym "3PL" stand for in logistics?A. Third Party LogisticsB. Three Party LogisticsC. Third Party LiabilitiesD. Third Party Law2. The term "EDI" refers to:A. Electronic Data InterchangeB. Electronic Document InterchangeC. Electronic Device InterfaceD. Electronic Document Integration3. What is the primary purpose of a warehouse in logistics?A. To store goods for future saleB. To provide a place for goods to be manufacturedC. To transport goods to their final destinationD. To sell goods directly to consumers4. Which of the following is not a mode of transportation?A. RoadB. RailC. AirD. Warehouse5. The term "inventory" in logistics refers to:A. The process of moving goods from one place to anotherB. The goods that are held in stock awaiting saleC. The process of receiving goods from suppliersD. The process of delivering goods to customers6. What is the role of a logistics manager?A. To manage the financial aspects of a companyB. To oversee the operations of a logistics departmentC. To design and manufacture productsD. To handle customer service inquiries7. Which of the following is a type of transportation document?A. Bill of LadingB. Bill of SaleC. Bill of ExchangeD. Bill of Rights8. What is the meaning of "LTL" in logistics?A. Less Than LoadB. Large Transport LoadC. Long Term LeaseD. Limited Time Limit9. The term "drop shipping" refers to a method where:A. The seller stores and ships the goods themselvesB. The manufacturer ships the goods directly to the customerC. The goods are shipped from one warehouse to anotherD. The goods are shipped to a central distribution center10. Which of the following is not a function of supply chainmanagement?A. PlanningB. SourcingC. ManufacturingD. Advertising答案：1-5 A A A A B6-10 B A A B D二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）1. The process of managing the flow of goods and information from the point of origin to the point of consumption is known as the _______ chain.2. In logistics, the term "lead time" refers to the _______ it takes for an order to be delivered after it has been placed.3. The acronym "FCL" stands for _______ Container Load.4. A _______ is a person or company that arranges the transportation of goods for others.5. The term "cross docking" refers to the practice of _______ goods as they are received and shipping them out without storing them.6. A _______ is a document that provides evidence of the terms of a contract for the transportation of goods.7. The process of managing the movement and storage of goods from raw material stage to the finished goods stage is known as _______ management.8. The term "hub-and-spoke" refers to a _______ model where goods are transported to a central hub and then distributed to various locations.9. The acronym "TMS" stands for _______ Management System.10. The _______ is the person responsible for ensuring that the cargo is properly loaded, secured, and unloaded.答案：1. supply2. time3. Full4. freight forwarder5. unloading and reloading6. contract of carriage7. inventory8. logistics9. Transportation10. stevedore三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）1. 简述物流中的“Just-In-Time”（JIT）库存管理的概念。
《物流英语》习题及答案
《物流英语》习题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 物流的基本功能不包括以下哪一项？A. 运输B. 仓储C. 质量控制D. 包装答案：C2. 以下哪个不是物流的主要目标？A. 降低成本B. 提高效率C. 提高客户满意度D. 减少员工数量答案：D3. 在物流系统中，以下哪一项是关键组成部分？A. 信息系统B. 运输设备C. 仓库D. 供应商答案：A4. 以下哪个术语表示从供应商到消费者的整个物流过程？A. 供应链管理B. 物流管理C. 物流系统D. 供应链答案：D5. 在物流过程中，以下哪一项是降低运输成本的关键因素？A. 运输方式的选择B. 运输路线的规划C. 货物的包装D. 运输时间的安排答案：B6. 以下哪个术语表示在物流过程中对货物的跟踪与监控？A. 物流跟踪B. 供应链跟踪C. 运输跟踪D. 库存管理答案：A7. 以下哪个物流活动与仓库管理密切相关？A. 运输B. 采购C. 包装D. 库存管理答案：D8. 以下哪个术语表示物流活动中的货物集散地？A. 仓库B. 物流中心C. 配送中心D. 货运站答案：C9. 以下哪个不是物流信息系统的主要功能？A. 货物跟踪B. 库存管理C. 运输管理D. 财务管理答案：D10. 以下哪个术语表示物流过程中的时间效率？A. 快速响应B. 准时交货C. 运输速度D. 仓储效率答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 物流的基本功能包括运输、仓储、包装、__________、__________。
答案：装卸、配送2. 物流的主要目标有降低成本、提高效率、提高客户满意度、__________。
答案：优化供应链3. 在物流系统中，信息系统、运输设备、__________、供应商是关键组成部分。
答案：仓库4. 供应链管理包括__________、__________、__________等环节。
答案：采购、生产、销售5. 物流信息系统的主要功能有货物跟踪、库存管理、运输管理、__________。
物流专业英语与计算机基础
《物流专业英语与计算机基础》复习题一、选择题1、Pentium是代微处理器A、第2代B、第3代C、第4代D、第5代2、目前普遍使用的微型计算机，所采用的逻辑元件是A、电子管B、大规模和超大规模集成电路C、晶体管D、小规模集成电路3、微型计算机外(辅)存储器是指A、RAMB、ROMC、磁盘D、虚盘4、一张CD-ROM盘片可存放字节数是A、640KBB、640MBC、1024KBD、512KB5、CPU主要由运算器和组成、A、控制器B、存储器C、寄存器D、编辑器6、下列各指标中, 是数据通信系统的主要技术指标之一。
A、重码率B、传输速率体C、分辨率D、时钟主频7、为了防止病毒传染到保存有重要数据的3.5英寸软盘片上,正确的方法是A、关闭盘片角上的小方口、B、打开盘片片角上的小方口、C、将盘片保存在清洁的地方D、不要将盘片与有病毒的盘片放在一起、8、在微机的配置中常看到处理器“PentiumⅢ/667”字样,其中数字667表示A. 处理器的时钟主频是667MHzB. 处理器的运算速度是667MIPSC. 处理器的产品设计系列号是第667号D. 处理器与内存间的数据交换速率是667KB/S9、计算机病毒是可以造成计算机故障的A、一种微生物B、一种特殊的程序C、一块特殊芯片D、一个程序逻辑错误10、下列存储器中,存取速度最快的是A、CD-ROMB、内存储器C、软盘D、硬盘11、在微机中,1MB准确等于A、1024×1024个字B、1024×1024个字节C、1000×1000个字节D、1000×1000个字12、下列四项中,不属于计算机病毒特性的是A、潜伏性B、传染性C、隐蔽性D、免疫性13、第一代微机是研制的、A、1971年在美国B、1946年在英国C、1946年在美国D、1971年在英国14、在微机的硬件设备中,既可以做输出设备,又可以做输入设备的是A、绘图仪B、扫描仪C、手写笔D、磁盘驱动器15、RAM具有的特点是A、海量存储B、存储在其中的信息可以永久保存C、一量断电，存储在其上的信息将全部消失且无法恢复D、存储在其中的数据不能改写16、计算机硬件的组成部份主要包括,运算器,存储器,输入设备,输出设备和A. 控制器B. 显示器C. 磁盘驱动器D. 鼠标器17、下列关于计算机病毒的叙述中，正确的选项是A. 计算机病毒只感染.EXE和.COM文件B. 计算机病毒可以通过读写软盘、光盘或INTERNET网络进行传播C. 计算机病毒是通过电力网进行传播的D. 计算机病毒是由于软盘片表面不清洁而造成的18、下列叙述中,正确的选项是A. 计算机系统是由硬件系统和软件系统组成B. 程序语言处理系统是常用的应用软件C. CPU可以直接处理外部存储器中的数据D. 汉字的机内码与汉字的国标是一种代码的两种名称19、电脑周围必需留有一定的空间以便散热，以下关于电脑与周围隔离物的尺寸正确的是:A. 前后左右都是8厘米B. 前后左右都是8厘米C. 前后是8厘米,左右是16厘米D. 后部是8厘米,其余是16厘米20、启动和关闭电脑的正确方法是A. 启动时,先开外部设备及显示器再开主机、关闭时,先关主机,再关外设、B. 启动和关闭都是先外部设备再主机、C. 启动和关闭都是先主机再外部设备D. 以上都有不对21、以下关于计算机维护的说法中正确的是:A. 计算机维护主要是病毒的防治B. 计算机的维护只是硬件的维护C. 计算机维护只是软件的维护D. 计算机的维护包括硬件和软件的维护22、当系统硬件发生故障或更换硬件设备时,为了避免系统意外崩溃应采用的启动方式为A. 通常模式B. 登录模式C. 安全模式D. 命令提示模式23、我的电脑”图标始终出现在桌面上,不属于我的电脑”的内容有A. 驱动器B. 我的文档C. 控制面板D. 打印机24、关于WINDOWS的文件名描述正确的是A. 文件主名只能为8个字符B. 可长达255个字符,无须扩展名C. 文件名中不能有空格出现D. 可长达255个字符,同时仍保留扩展名25、下列程序不属于附件的是A. 计算器B. 记事本C. 网上邻居D. 画笔26、下列软件中一定是系统软件A. 自编的一个C程序,功能是求解一个一元二次方程B. WINDOWS操作系统C. 用汇编语言编写的一个练习程序D. 存储有计算机基本输入输出系统的ROM芯片27、下列关于windows的说法中，正确的是A．windows是迄今为止使用最广泛的应用软件B．使用windows时，必需要有MS-DOS的支持C．windows是一种图形用户界面操作系统，是系统操作平台D．以上说法都不正确28、Windows的“开始”菜单包括了windows系统的A．主要功能B．全部功能C．部分功能D．初始功能29、关于“开始”菜单，说法正确的是A．“开始”菜单的内容是固定不变的B．可以在“开始”菜单的“程序”中添加应用程序，但不可以在“程序”菜单添加C．“开始”菜单和“程序”里面都可以添加应用程序D．以上说法都不正确30、Windows中文输入法的安装按以下步骤进行A. 按“开始”→“设置” →“控制面板” →“键盘” →“输入法设置”的顺序操作物流英语模拟题（一）一、词汇辨析（10 x 1 = 10 分）1、销售物流是（）。
物流英语阅读理解练习附答案
ESSY1(p65)1: What is the meaning of “cost-effective” ?A cost reducedB EconomicallyC cost evaluateD To add cost中文：什么是节约的意义？（成本降低）2: ( )creates time value.A TransportationB Goods flowC Different locationD storage中文：什么创造了时间价值？（储存）3: What is the same meaning of location value?A Different valueB Different value of same goods at the different places.C Different goodsD Different value of different goods at the same place.中文：什么和位置（场所）价值有同样的含义？4: What is the distribution processing value?A DistributionB processingC Sales and processingD changing the length, thickness and the package of the goods.中文：什么是加工价值？（改变商品的长度，厚度和包装）5: The distribution process value is available in all logistics activities. Is it correct or not ?A BothB YesC NotD Not clear中文：在所有的物流活动中都存在着加工价值吗？（不是）ESSY2(p65)1: What are the main different between traditional and modern logistics?A Containerization techniquesB Information techniquesC A and BD GPA, EDT, POS and So on中文：传统物流和现代物流有什么区别？（集装技术与信息技术）2: What is the logistics base module?A 1200×1000mmB 2591×2438mmC 600×400mmD A, B and C中文：什么是物流基础模数？3: What is the most important in the logistics information system?A EDI（p5）B POSC GPSD Bar code中文：物流信息系统最重要的是什么？（EDI）4: What is the function of internet to the logistics?A To direct the operationB To help the market development, operation and managementC To guide the mobile equipment, like truck and ship.D To speed up the process.中文：计算机对现代物流的功能是什么？5: The logistics standardization starts from the operation of ( )A TransportationB storageC DistributionD packaging中文：物流标准化操作是从什么开始？（包装）ESSY3（p68）1: What is the subject for the paragraph ?A The international tradeB The international transportC The international logisticsD International economy中文：什么是这段的主题？（国际物流）2: What is the same meaning as “ Internationalization” ?A NationalizationB GlobalizationC IntegrationD standardization中文：什么和国际化有相同的含义？（全球化）3: What is the meaning of trend?A General directionB Developing roadC wayD path中文：趋势的含义是什么？（总的方向）4: The international transport and the international logistics are same. Is it correct or not ?A Not mention in the paragraphB Not clearC wrongD right中文：国际运输和国际物流的意义是相同的，这么说对吗？（是的）5: The international trade needs the ( ) to fulfill it’s transaction.A TracksB logisticsC shipsD Aircrafts中文：国际贸易需要什么来实现运送？（物流）ESSY4（p69）1: What is the same meaning of reverse distribution?A SalesB sales and logisticsC Returned logisticsD Back and forth中文：什么是反向分销？（回收物流）2: What is the meaning of recycle ?A collect，treat and use againB Movement in a cycleC Return to originalD Return goods中文：什么是再循环？（收集、处理和再使用）3: Reverse distribution is the part of ( )A EnvironmentB The EarthC Environmental logisticsD sales中文：反向分销是什么的一部分？（环保物流）4: Returned logistics is the goods flow ( )A Form sellers to buyersB From buyers to sellersC From outside to inside of any companyD From wholesalers to retailers中文：回收物流是什么样的一种流程？（买方到供方）5: Customers return the product because of ( )A QuantityB QualityC Quality ControlD Quality unqualified中文：客户退回的产品是因为什么？（质量不合格）ESSY5（p75）1. water transport is the ( ) way of shipping bulk and low price goods.A Most inexpensiveB Save moneyC low costD Economically中文：水路运输是运送经济地、大体积且低价格的货物。
广东省助理物流师-专业英语与计算机基础-物流专业英语部分(含答案)
广东省助理物流师-专业英语与计算机基础-物流专业英语部分(含答案)广东省助理物流师专业英语与计算机基础第三部分物流专业英语3. 1物流专业词汇与释义3. 1. 1基本概念术语知识要点：有关基本概念与术语详见教材第3-5页。
典型习题：1. 物流( )A. materialB. logisticsC. cargoD. goods2. 物流作业( )A. logistics operationB. logistics activityC. logistics technologyD. logistics cost3. 物流管理( )A. logistics centerB. logistics networkC. logistics managementD. logistics information4. 物流企业( )A. logistics documentsB. logistics allianceC. logistics modulusD. logistics enterprise5. 销售物流( )A. returned logisticsB. sales logisticsC. distribution logisticsD. production logistics6. 供应物流( )A. production logisticsB. supply logisticsC. internal logisticsD. international logistics7. 绿色物流( )A. environmental logisticsB. internal logisticsC. external logisticsD. military logistics8. 第三方物流( )A. production logisticsB. distribution logisticsC. military logisticsD. Third Part Logistics (TPL)9. 虚拟物流( )A. virtual logisticsB. customized logisticsC. external logisticsD. value-added logistics service10. 无形损耗( )A. tangible lossB. intangible lossC. supply logisticsD. supply chain11. 有形损耗( )A. tangible lossB. intangible lossC. supply logisticsD. supply chain12. 条码( )A. barB. bar codeC. stripD. yard13. 电子数据交换( )A. Electronic Data ChangeB. Electronic Data ExchangeC. Electronic Datum InterchangeD. Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)14. 物流活动是( )A. logistics activitiesB. logistics costC. logistics technologyD. logistics center15. 国际物流是( )A. national logisticsB. international logisticsC. regional logisticsD. world logistics16. 企业物流是( )A. factory logisticsB. business logisticsC. enterprise logisticsD. internal logistics17. 生产物流是( )A. manufacture logisticsB. make logisticsC. product logisticsD. production logistics18. 物流网络是( )A. logistics on-lineB. logistics line and dotC. logistics organizationD. logistics network19. 物流模数是( )A. logistics modelB. logistics modulusC. logistics movementD. logistics test20. 物流联盟是( )A. logistics allianceB. logistics unionC. logistics cooperationD. logistics ally习题解答：1、B2、A3、C4、D5、C6、B7、A8、D9、A 10、B 11、A 12、B 13、D 14、A 15、B 16、D 17、D 18、D 19、B 20、A3. 1. 2物流作业术语知识要点：有关术语详见教材第5-8页。
物流英语阅读理解练习
(一)After completing a commercial transaction, logistics will execute the transfer of goods from the supplier (seller) to the customer (buyer) in the most cost-effective manner. This is the definition of logistics. During the transfer process, hardware such as logistics facilitied and equipment (logistics carriers) are needed, as well as information control and standardization. In addition, supports from the government and logistics association should be in place.Three major functions of logistics1. Creating time value: same goods can be valued differently at different times. Goods often stop during the transfer process, which is professionally called the storage of logistics. It creates the time value for goods.2. Creating location value: same goods can be valued differently at different locations. The value added during the transfer process is the location value of logistics.Distribution processing V alue: sometime logistics create distribution processing value, which changes the length, thi ckness and packages of the goods. Like popular saying, “cutting into smaller parts “ is the most commonly seen distribution processing form. Most processing within logistics create added value for goods.见P651. What is the meaning “cost-effective”? ( )A. Cost reducedB. EconomicallyC. Cost evaluateD. To add cost答案.B2. ( ) creates time valueA. TransportationB. Good flowC. Different locationD. Storage3. What is the same meaning of location value? ( )A. Different valueB. Different value of same goods at the different placesC. Different goodD. Different value of different goods at the same place答案.B4. What is the distribution processing value? ( )A. DistributionB. ProcessingC. Sales and processingD. Changing the length, thickness and the package of the goods答案. B5. The distribution process value is available in all logistics activities. Is it correct or not? ( )A. BothB. Y esC. NotD. Not clear答案.CAn increasing number of companies are involving in international markets through exporting, licensing, joint ventures, and ownership. This trend should continue. With such expansion there is a need to develop worldwide logistics networks. Integrated logistics management and cost analysis will be more complex and difficult to manage.There are some future trends in internationalization:1. More logistics executives with international responsibilities.2. Expansion of the number and size of foreign trade zones.3. Reduction in the amount of international paperwork and documentation.4. More foreign warehousing is owned and controlled by the exporting firm.5. Increasing number of smaller firms.6. Foreign ownership of logistics service firms, e.g., public warehousing and transportation carriers.7. Increasing multiple distribution channels.The international transport and the international logistics are same things in some way. So, when the international trading involved, the firm must establish international logistics systems to provide the products and services demanded. The most significant development in international logistics will be the increasing sophistication information system adopted and independent departments to operate.见P681. What is the subject of the paragraph? ( )A. The international tradeB. The international transportC. The international logisticsD. International economy答案.C2. What is the same meaning of “Internationalization”? ( )A. NationalizationB. GlobalizationC. IntegrationD. Standardization答案.B3. What is the meaning of trend? ( )A. General directionB. Developing roadC. WayD. Path答案.A4. The international transport and the international logistics are same. Is it correct or not? ( )A. Not mention in the paragraphB. Not clearC. WrongD. Right答案.D5. The international trade needs the ( ) to fulfill its transaction.A. TrucksB. LogisticsC. ShipsD. Aircrafts答案.B(三)The characters of modern logistics are huge quantity, quick response and globalization. In order to meet the needs, information technology has become the brain to control them.Bar code, POS, EDI, GPS and internet are the main choices for the operation of logistics. Bar code system can get the goods information fast and exactly. By the data processing unit, POS system can check the inventory of warehouse at any time. When the super center adopts POS system, it can check the sales record, inventory even cash flow easily. EDI is a magic tool that can translate your documents into electronic data, sent it to your partner in any location by cable. In this way, we don’t need to make deal face-to-face. revise the documents, declare to customs before the shipments arrived, and more. Now, EDI is the most essential information tool for international trade and logistics. All of information tools are based on internet. In today’ s society, the organs of commercial and government, schools, even individual can make E-commerce with internet. So, Internet is the greatest revolution to influence the mankind.1. Information technology can help the operation of the logistics, but can’t change its future.Is it correct or not? ( )A. CorrectB. WrongC. In limited wayD. The role is not decided答案.B2. EDI is the core of information technology used in international trade and transportation.Is it a fact? ( )A. CorrectB. WrongC. Not mentionedD. Not clear答案.A3. What is the meaning of “magic tool” in the paragraph? ( )A. V isibleB. InvisibleC. NetD. Y ou can’t image it.答案.D4. What is most important information technology in the logistics? ( )A. Bar CodeB. DOSC. EDID. GPS答案.C5. Why is the Internet a great revolution? ( )A. The newest scientific and technology inventionB. The most advanced technologyC. The valuable toolD. Helping the mankind greatly答案.D(四)If a shipper has a strict arrival and departure requirements, railroads are at a competitive disadvantage compared to motor carriers. Some of this disadvantage may be overcome through combined transport, which offers the economy of rail movement linked with the flexibility of trucking. Truck trailers are delivered to the rail terminals, where they are loaded on flatbed railcars. At the destination terminal they are off-loaded and delivered to the consignee-the customer whoreceivers the shipment.An additional area in which railroads suffer in comparison to motor carriers is equipment availability. Railroad lines use each other’s cars, and at times this equipment may not by located where it is most needed. Railcars may be unavailable because they are being loaded, unloaded, moved within railroad sorting yards, or undergoing repair. Other cars may be standing idle or lost within the vast rail network. A number of developments in the rail industry have helped to overcome some of these utilization problems. Advances have included: computer routing and scheduling; the upgrading of equipment, roadbeds, and terminals; improvements in railcar identification systems; and the use of unit trains, cars owned or leased by the shipper; and dedicated through-train service between major metropolitan areas (nonstop shipments of one or a few shippers’ products). Railroads own approximately 80 percent of their car fleet. The remaining 20 percent are either leased or owned by shippers.见P741. The disadvantages of rail transport compared with motor carrier is ( )A. CostB. SpeedC. Lost and damage ratiosD. Transit time and frequency of service答案.D2. The disadvantage above mentioned can be overcome by ( )A. Combined transportB. More frequencyC. Fast trainD. More flexible答案.A3. The advantage of rail transport are ( A )A. Great amount of shippedB. Less damage ratioC. Fast speed、exact schedule、cost savedD. Direct shipping line答案.A4. Railroads own about ( ) of their car fleetA. HalfB. 80%C. 20%D. Not mentioned答案.D5. What is the meaning of Metropolitan areas? ( )A. Around the cityB. City itselfC. The area near the cityD. Big city and its neighbor area答案.D(五)Inventory can serve two basic functions:1. To provide a reserve for production and sales.2. To get the price discount by purchasing a large quantities.Inventory may be raw materials for the factory or finished products for the wholesaler and retailer. Most of inventory is placed in warehouse. Usually, three warehouses are available:1. Private warehouse. A private warehouse is owned and operated by a company. It is convenient to the owner who can store and process easily. For most factories and big traders, they often have large or small warehouse, more or less space to store goods.2. Public warehouse. Public Warehouse is developing for the Third Part Logistics and offers special services, including package and arrangement of delivery. Public warehouse has advantage of better service and lower cost than private one by its specialized equipment and marketing share.3. Contract warehouse. This kind of warehouse is formed and depended on the relation between the suppliers and customer.When buyer purchases goods, they don’t often ship it at the same time and store at the sellers’ warehouse. Warehouse equipment consists of folk lift truck, stacker, good shelf and conveyor, etc.1. Inventory is the same as warehouse. Is it true or not? ( )A. Sometime yesB. NotC. No relation between themD. Different goods at different place答案.B2. Generally speaking, there are two kinds of inventory which are ( )A. GoodsB. MaterialsC. Materials and productsD. Raw materials and finished products答案.D3. Public warehouse is most efficient. What is your opinion? ( )A. Depend on the situationB. Y esC. NotD. Not comparable答案.A4. Usually, contract warehouse doesn’t need to pay. Is it correct or not? ( )A. Y esB. NotC. It didn’t mention it.D. Sometime yes, sometime not.答案.C5 What is the equipment of warehouse？（）A. ToolsB. Tools for handling, loading and unloadingC. Forklift truckD. Forklift truck and goods shelf答案.D(六)Managers in the last two decades have witnessed a period of change unparalleled in the history of the world, in terms of advances in technology, globalization of markets and stabilization of political economies. With the increasing number of “world-class” competitors both domestically and abroad, organizations have had to improve their internal processes rapidly in order to stay competitive. In the 1960s and 1970s, companies began to develop detailed market strategies, which focused on creating and capturing customer loyalty. Organizations also realized that strong engineering, design and manufacturing functions were necessary in order to support these market requirements. Design engineers had to be able to translate customer needs into product and service specifications, which then had to be produced at a high level of quality and at a reasonable cost. As the demand for new products escalated in the 1980s, manufacturing organizations wererequired to become increasingly flexible and responsive to modify existing products and processes or to develop new ones in order to meet ever-changing customer needs. As manufacturing capabilities improved in the 1990s, managers realized that material and service input from suppliers had a major impact on their organization’s ability to meet customer needs. This led to an increased focus on the supply base and the organization’s sourcing strategy. Mana gers also realized that producing a quality product was not enough. Getting the products to customers when, where , how, and in the quantity that they want, in a cost-effective manner, constituted an entirely new type of challenge. More recently, the era o f the “Logistics Renaissance” was also born, recreating a whole set of time-reducing information technologies and logistics network aimed at meeting these challenges.As a result of these changes, organizations now find that it is no longer enough to manage their organizations. They must also be involved in the management of to manage their organizations. They must also be involved in the management of the network of all upstream firms that provide inputs (directly or indirectly), as well as the network of downstream firms responsible for delivery and after-market service of the product to the end customer. From this realization emerged the concept of the “supply chain”.见P781. When did the great changes take for the world economy?A. 1970B. Last 20 years or moreC. Last centuryD. Long time ago答案.B2. What is the meaning of “customer loyally”?A. The most important customers for any firmB. Loyal to companyC. The customers to buy a lotD. The long term customers答案.D3. What is the meaning of “Logistics Renaissance”?A. Logistics began a new periodB. Logistics is rebornC. Logistics has taken economic functions much more beforeD. Logistics is developing答案.A4. What is the meaning of “Upstream” for supply chain?A. CustomersB. SuppliersC. BuyersD. A and B答案.B5. What is the meaning of “Downstream” for supply chain?A. CustomersB. SuppliersC. SellersD. B and C答案.A6. ( ) is the place to store the goods imported or in transit, without p aying duty under custom’s supervision.A. Boned warehouseB. Exported warehouseC. Imported warehouseD. Customs warehouse(七)All over the world, more and more ocean freights are carried out with containers. This trend will continue because containerized shipment offers so many advantages. Among them are:1. Economy. Overall transportation costs can be reduced by the container shipment. In the case of general cargo of 10,000 tons, it takes 48 hours to load and unload, but for the container ship of 35,000 tons, only 6-8 hour needed to load and unload.2. Safety. The cargo can be handled in any weather and is efficiently protected from theft and damage, because it is completely enclosed.3. Large scale. Container ship has become giant from 10,000 tons in 1970 to 100,000 tons, now it continues to grow bigger and bigger.There are two kinds of containers, 20’ and 40’, mostly adopted. 20’ container is called TEU, Twenty-feet Equivalent Unit, and standard container. One 40’ container is equals two20’s.Containers are used in ocean, railway and highway transportation. In recent years, many container terminals have been established. The continental bridge transport is introduced to load containers by trains. The road transportation follows this trendency, the tractors pull the container with the speed in 100 km per hour in highway.1. What is container shipment? ( )A. To load goods in containerB. Container is only choice for transportation.C. Containerized transportationD. Container ship, container train and container track答案.2. What is containerization shipment? ( )A. To load goods in containerB. Container is only choice for transportation.C. Containerized transportation.D. Container ship, container train and container track3. Only 20’ and 40’ container are available. Is it a fact? ( )A. CorrectB. WrongC. Not mentionedD. I don’t know答案. B4. 20’ container is standard container. Is it true or not? ( )A. Y esB. NotC. It is old conceptD. It is new kind of container答案.A5. Container ships need the container terminal to load and unload goods. Is it correct or not? ( )A. CorrectB. WrongC. DependD. No mention答案.A(八)Now, we discuss the relation between the international trade and logistics. As you know, trading involves several steps:1. Making deal. In this stage, the buyer and seller should negotiate the price of the goods, the way to pay, finally sign the contract.2. Payment. It is a core step in the tra ding. General speaking, buyers can’ t pay to sellers directly. They usually ask their bank to write the Letter of Credit (L/C) to the sellers. L/C is the promise to pay from the buyer, transferred to sellers’ band under the conditional articles.3. Transportation. After receiving qualified L/C, the seller begins to deliver the goods. Then transportation takes the main place of the trading. So, international transportation is similar word to international logistics. Logistics can move the commodities form one country to another with ships, trucks and air. Logistics may fix the cost of transportation to the trading partners with the terms of FOB and CIF. FOB means the deal price without insurance and freight. CIF contains cost of goods, insurance and freight. Transportation as the main function of the logistics has the very close relationship with foreign trade.4. Customs clearance and Inspection. In the final step, logistics helps customers and customs in two ways, on one hand, arrangement of goods to be cleared on the other, handing in the documents to be examined.1. There is not close relationship between international trade and logistics. Is it correct?A. CorrectB. WrongC. This is not main topic in the page.D. I don’t know答案.B2. What is contract? ( )A. PaperB. ArrangementC. Arrangement by both sides of dealD. Memo答案.C3. L/C is a letter from buyer to seller. Is it true or not?A. TrueB. Y esC. CorrectD. Wrong答案. A4. What does the customs do? ( )A. Inspecting goods and collecting dutyB. Government organC. Collecting taxD. Inspecting commodities答案.D5. Does the author talk about the transportation equipment? ( )A. Y esB. NOC. Only a littleD. Dropping a hint答案.B（一）BDBBC (二)CBADB (三)BADCD（四）DAADD （五）BDACD (六)BDABAA (七)XDBAA(八)BCADB。
助理物流师考证《物流专业英语与计算机基础》计算机基础操作题部分(每年必考)
助理物流师考证《物流专业英语与计算机基础》—计算机基础操作题部分（每年必考）试题有5个操作步骤，每个步骤2分。
打开【考生目录】中的相应文件，（步骤一为KS-1 Xls、步骤二为KS-2 Xls、步骤三为KS-3 Xls、步骤四为KS-4 Xls、步骤五为KS-5 Xls），按要求完成。
操作步骤：1、在标题下插入一行，将标题中的“（以京沪两地综合评价指数为100）”移至新插入的行（单元格：B3），并设为楷体12，跨列居中；将“食品”和“服装”两列移到“耐用消费品”一列之后；删除表格内的空行。
2、标题格式：隶书18磅加粗，跨列居中，浅黄色底纹，红色字；表格中的数据单元区域设置为数值格式，保留2为小数，右对齐；其他各单元格内容居中。
3、为表格设置蓝色边框线。
4、将标题的单元格名称定义为“统计资料”5、为“唐山”单元格添加批注“非省会城市”。
（本题10分，有2个操作步骤，每个步骤5分）打开Access2000,在考生目录下“item2”数据下完成如下操作，并将操作结果保存：1、修改“航班”基本表的结构，在“是否直达”字段后插入如下新字段“航班记录”，并将该字段所有记录赋值为“正点”：2、在基本表的尾追加如记录：试题有5个操作步骤，每个步骤2分。
打开【考生目录】中的相应文件，（步骤一为KS-1 Xls、步骤二为KS-2 Xls、步骤三为KS-3 Xls、步骤四为KS-4 Xls、步骤五为KS-5 Xls），按要求完成。
操作步骤：1、在标题下插入一行，行高17.75；将“设备”一行移到“通讯费”一行之前。
2、标题格式：黑体18磅加粗，跨列居中，深蓝色底纹，白色字；表格中的数据单元格区域设置为会计专用格式，应用货币符号，其他各单元格内容居中3、为表格设置双线边框线。
4、将“实际支出”一列中最下单元格的名称定义为“实际支出合计”。
5、为“400”单元格添加批注“超支”。
Access题（本题10分，有2个操作步骤，每个步骤5分）打开Access2000,在考生目录下“item3”数据下完成如下操作，并将操作结果保存：1、修改“航班”表的结构，删除表中的“是否直达”字段。
物流专业英语和计算机基础练习题[1]-推荐下载
题目： I can’t promise, ________ I’ll do my best.A、 butB、 ifC、 howeverD、 anyway答案： A题目： If you were the purchasing manager, what would you _______consideration in buying raw materials?A、 go toB、 make toC、 take intoD、 have to答案： C题目： Your explanation on EOQ is ________, and few of us can follow you.A、 unattractiveB、 clearC、 vagueD、 prospective答案： C题目： If you don’t have the raw material, you won’t make a _______.A、 workB、 productC、 marginD、 revenue答案： C题目： I have to make telephone calls to _______ the movement of my cargo.A、 check inB、 check atC、 check onD、 check to答案： C题目： Can you check the ________for me again, I want to know the details of tomorrow’s meeting , thanks!A、 scheduleB、 roomC、 barD、 bike答案： B题目：If the ship had sailed along the recommended ________, it would have been able to avoid the heavy weather.A、 routeB、 routC、 roadD、 way答案： C题目： What is the labor party’s ________ on immigration?A、 policyB、 policeC、 politeD、 polity答案： A题目：By the accurate demand forecast, a manager can determine whether to ________ more chips from Intel.A、 orderB、 bookC、 spreadD、 produce答案： A题目： The ________ action would lead to a great loss.A、 perfectB、 boldC、 blindD、 wonderful答案： A题目： Do you hear that __________has become a hot career?----- It sounds too good to be true.A、 logicalB、logisticsC、 logicD、 logistic答案： A题目： With the help of logistics expert, the company has made a ________ rise in profits.B、 decreasedC、 significantD、 slightly答案： A题目：Ford decided to invest in railroads, trucks and both Great Lakes and ocean__A、 vesselsB、 vehiclesC、 equipmentsD、 shipments题目： The ________usually lead to the ineffective decision.A、 bureauB、 bureaucyC、 bureaucracyD、 bureaucrat答案： A题目： He _________ in physics then he teaches it in college.A、 studiedB、 learnedC、 specializedD、 read答案： B题目： The supermarket has to_______400 TEU of cargo from china every year.A、 purchasedB、 purchasingC、 boughtD、 purchase答案： C题目：To ensure a ________ supply of materials Ford invested in coalmines, iron-ore deposits, timberland and even in land to grow soybeans.A、 relyB、 reliedC、 relativeD、 reliable答案： C题目：The site of ________are determined by customer and manufacturing locations and product requirements.A、 houseC、 factoryD、 storage答案： D题目：When the ocean vessels arrivals to the port of destination, they may want to _______the containers from the vessels as soon as possible.A、 loadB、 reloadC、 in loadD、 unload答案： D题目： _________ the children are excited, this is the first time they’ve been abroaD、A、 No matterB、 No wonderC、 ButD、 However答案： B题目： Most of his ideas________ those of his parents.A、 derive withB、 derive onC、 derive inD、 derive from答案： D题目： As you know, packaging is often the _________relevant element of trade mark.A、bestB、moreC、 mostD、 much答案： C题目： The service providers have to obtain a solid ________in the industry by providing differentiated products.A、 footB、 feetC、 footingD、 foots答案： C题目： COSCO is one of the first-class logistics companies in our country, and you can find its name in many ocean__________.A、 shipB、 boatsC、 vesselsD、 machine答案： C题目：Many people are very ________ about the development of logistics in ChinA、A、 desiredB、 widelyC、 hesitatedD、 enthusiastic答案： D题目： ----Do you know the function of _______ when product in stock?----Yes, it against damage and prevent it from deterioration.A、 packageB、 packagingC、 packagedD、 wrapping答案： B题目：Industrial packaging has a significant ________on the cost and productivity of logistics.A、affectB、impactC、importanceD、function答案： B题目： His insurance is calculated _________a yearly basis.A、 inB、 byC、 onD、 with答案： C题目： ________maritime shipping is concerned, there are two types of shipping markets, the liner market and the tramp market.A、 As long asB、 So long asC、 IfD、 As far as答案： D题目： The stevedores stuffed the cargo _________ a container.A、 toB、 inC、 withD、 into答案： D题目： After the necessary documentation has been completed, you may book space on a ship_____ a freight forwarder.A、 byB、 viaC、 toD、 on答案： B题目：His request for promotion to the position of a warehouse manager was_____.A、 turned awayB、 turned downC、 turned overD、 turned out答案： B题目：The stevedores move the ship astern for about 1000 meters ________the crane can work on the hatch.A、 thatB、 so thatC、 so farD、 how long答案： B题目：To enhance the influence of the company, they hand out_______ about their company on the street.A、 papersB、 pamphletC、 booksD、 book答案： A题目：Most experts believe this medicine is specially _________against headache.A、 effectiveB、 effectC、 efficiencyD、 efficient答案： A题目： ________ one’s temper in public is thought to be a rude behavior.A、 LosingB、 LoseC、 To loseD、 Having lost答案： A题目：Professor Lee is an expert that he can ________ any difficulties in logistics.A、 deal inB、 do inC、 cope toD、 deal with答案： D题目： It seems that he would be _______ this year.A、 lightenedB、 leveledC、 promotedD、 enhanced答案： C题目： He always wants everything _________ in a hurry.A、 doneB、 doingC、 to doD、 do答案： A题目： They watched the satellites _________slowly in the sky.A、 movedB、 movingC、 to moveD、 move答案： B题目： I always take price into _________when buying a bike.A、 considerationB、 consideringC、 considerD、 considerate答案： C题目： A great number of wheat is _________ by huge container ships.A、 shippingB、 shippedC、 shipsD、 ship答案： D题目： He exchanged the bill of lading_________ money in the negotiation bank.A、 toB、 intoC、 forD、 with答案： A题目： The foreman is young __________ very experienced in loading containers,A、 toB、 intoC、 forD、 with答案： C题目： The shipment _________ in delivery because the marks were not clear.A、 delayedB、 was delayedC、 have delayedD、 delay答案： D题目：The classification of products in necessary for the application of __________ inventory.A、 selectiveB、 chooseC、 the allD、 choosing答案： B题目： We have to delay our voyage _________the weather becomes better.A、 withB、 untilC、 inD、 on答案： C题目： The film is being _________at the local cinemA、A、 showedB、 showC、 showingD、 shows答案： B题目： I have __________ a seat on a plane for Shanghai.A、 orderedB、 tookC、 bookedD、 subscribed答案： B题目：The document is very important,__________ the shipping company will issue the bill of lading according to the statements on it.A、 asB、 thatC、 withD、 who答案： B题目： There’s the foreman ___________wanted to see you.A、 whoB、 whichC、 asD、 where答案： C题目：If you decide to book the space yourself, you can _________ go to a shipping company or simply go on the Internet.A、 bothB、 neitherC、 eitherD、 all答案： D题目： Asia is a area which has _________on earth.A、 potentialityB、 potentialC、 potentD、 patented答案： B题目： How many cargoes should be ___________ in one contain box?A、 fillB、 filledC、 fullD、 filling答案： D题目： Before shipment, the buyer generally send heir ____________requirements to the sellers.A、 shipmentB、 shipC、 shippingD、 shipped答案： D题目：Most government, the buyer generally send heir _________ the specific requirements of the people.A、 forB、 onC、 ofD、 to答案： D题目： The management will provide the workers _________ board and lodging.A、 inB、 forC、 withD、 to答案： A题目： Please see to it that the __________ is suitable for a long sea voyage.A、 packB、 repackedC、 packageD、 packing答案： D题目： Please finish __________ these products before tomorrow.A、 labelingB、 erasingC、 leavingD、 looking答案： D题目： Now our foodstuff can be _______ since you bring some bread, mutton and biscuit.A、 enoughB、 adequateC、 self-sufficientD、 self-depend答案： C题目： A supply chain is usually _______factories, suppliers, retailers, etC、A、 consist ofB、 composed ofC、 consisted ofD、 compose of答案： B题目：Our factory needs _______material, electricity power, and workers to produce products.A、 crudeB、 rawC、 unripeD、 uncooked答案： C题目： I think your understanding is ________ the basis of your experience, so I would say you are right too.A、 inB、 withC、 onD、 to答案： D题目： If you passed the _______test, you will go to college.A、 customerB、 producingC、 supply答案： A题目： If one day people can _______ alcohol from potatoes, then the price of oil may reduce.A、 extractB、 attractC、 contractD、 retract答案： D题目： We could not make our success _______other’s failure.A、 rely inB、 rely toC、 rely withD、 rely on答案： D题目： The changes to the national health system will be________ next year.A、 carried withB、 gone onC、 doneD、 implemented答案：题目： Do they have ______ water and food for a whole week.A、 sufficientB、 manyC、 someD、 overall答案： A题目： In that case, you don’t _________make the call.A、 mustB、 shouldC、 have toD、 would答案： C题目：To achieve his goal, he set _______develop the world’s largest ocean vessel.A、 in toB、 on toC、 over to答案： D题目：I will put in a good _________ for you when I see the human resource manager.A、 wordsB、 wordC、 phraseD、 sentence答案： B题目： A growing number of customers require that product _________tracked as it moves through the supply chain.A、 beingB、 to beC、 have beenD、 be答案： D题目： 1994 Asian _______ crisis led to a negative effect in many countries.A、 financialB、 financeC、 economicD、 economy答案： A题目：The _______code is a universal standard that supply information of products.A、 barB、 stickC、 canD、 finger答案： A题目： I don’t want to make decision _____, so I need more time to think twice.A、 rudelyB、 blindlyC、 wiselyD、 crippled答案： B题目： Could you _______me a good doctor? I caught a cold yesterday.A、 giveB、 guideD、 recommend答案： D题目： The bus has its fixed _________to shuttle(往返)A、 wayB、 roadC、 routeD、 path答案： C题目： As an accountant( ), he usually _________many companies’ capital.A、 evaluatesB、 valuesC、 valuatesD、 devalues答案： A题目： The company is well _______ for its good service to its customers.A、 knowB、 knownC、 seenD、 see答案： B题目： I can’t promise, ________ I’ll do my best.A、 butB、 ifC、 howeverD、 anyway答案： A题目： If you were the purchasing manager, what would you _______consideration in buying raw materials?A、 go toB、 make toC、 take intoD、 have to答案： C题目： Your explanation on EOQ is ________, and few of us can follow you.A、 unattractiveB、 clearC、 vagueD、 prospective答案：题目： If you don’t have the raw material, you won’t make a _______.A、 workB、 productC、 marginD、 revenue答案： C题目： I have to make telephone calls to _______ the movement of my cargo.A、 check inB、 check atC、 check onD、 check to答案： B题目： Can you check the ________for me again, I want to know the details of tomorrow’s meeting , thanks!A、 scheduleB、 roomC、 barD、 bike答案： B题目：If the ship had sailed along the recommended ________, it would have been able to avoid the heavy weather.A、 routeB、 routC、 roadD、 way答案： A题目： What is the labor party’s ________ on immigration?A、 policyB、 policeC、 politeD、 polity答案： A题目：By the accurate demand forecast, a manager can determine whether to ________ more chips from Intel.A、 orderB、 bookD、 produce答案： A题目： The ________ action would lead to a great loss.A、 perfectB、 boldC、 blindD、 wonderful答案： C题目： Do you hear that __________has become a hot career?It sounds too good to be true.A、 logicalB、logisticsC、 logicD、 logistic答案： B题目： With the help of logistics expert, the company has made a ________ rise in profits.A、 increasedB、 decreasedC、 significantD、 slightly答案： C题目：Ford decided to invest in railroads, trucks and both Great Lakes and ocean__A、 vesselsB、 vehiclesC、 equipmentsD、 shipments答案： A题目： The ________usually lead to the ineffective decision.A、 bureauB、 bureaucyC、 bureaucracyD、 bureaucrat答案： C题目： He _________ in physics then he teaches it in college.A、 studiedC、 specializedD、 read答案： C题目： The supermarket has to_______400 TEU of cargo from china every year.A、 purchasedB、 purchasingC、 boughtD、 purchase答案： D题目：To ensure a ________ supply of materials Ford invested in coalmines, iron-ore deposits, timberland and even in land to grow soybeans.A、 relyB、 reliedC、 relativeD、 reliable答案： D题目：The 80-20 concept is particularly useful in ________planning when the products are grouped or classified by their sales activity.A、transportationB、inspectionC、distributionD、information答案： C题目：The site of ________are determined by customer and manufacturing locations and product requirements.A、 houseB、 warehouseC、 factoryD、 storage答案： B题目：When the ocean vessels arrivals to the port of destination, they may want to _______the containers from the vessels as soon as possible.A、 loadB、 reloadC、 in loadD、 unload答案： D题目： ----Do you hear that _____ has become a hot career?----It sounds too good to be true.A、 logicalB、 logisticsC、 logicD、 logistic答案： B题目：The aim of _____ management is to minimize the amount of material in stock.A、 inventionB、 inventiveC、 inventoryD、 inventiveness答案： C题目： If the ship had sailed along the recommended ______, it would have been able to avoid the heavy weather.A、 routeB、 routC、 roadD、 way答案： C题目：Managers must establish and implement inventory plan on the basis of ______ considerations.A、 strategyB、 logisticsC、 strategicD、 logicalB｝C题目：Don’t forget to refer to the book ERP in the ______ of planning resources in you enterprise.A、 wayB、 routeC、 processD、 proceed答案： C题目： The supermarket group has to ______ 400 TEU of cargo from China everyyear.A、 purchasedB、 purchasingC、 boughtD、 purchase答案： D题目：Most experts agree that the _____ expenditure to perform logistics in the US was just under 10% of he 1994 gross national product.A、 yearB、 monthlyC、 quarterlyD、 annual答案： D题目：The _____ expenses will be for your account if you place an order of 100,000 tons of roll steel at a time. My workshop uses only ten tons a month.A、 stockingB、 storeC、 storageD、 stored答案： C题目：The sites of ______ are determined by customer and manufacturing locations and product requirements.A、 houseB、 warehouseC、 factoryD、 location答案： B题目： The chapter describes reactive methods, which respond to product demand at individual ______.A、 placeB、 siteC、 positionD、 location答案： D题目：It is through the logistical process that _______ are distributed through marketing channels to consumers.A、 productB、 productsC、 itemD、 cargo答案： B题目： The big city has a multi-cultural population with a growing _______ base.A、 industryB、 industrialC、 agricultureD、 agricultural答案： B题目：The classification of products is necessary for the application of ________ inventory.A、 selectiveB、 chooseC、 the allD、 choosing答案： A题目： Generally speaking, cigarettes can be found in a _____ shop.A、 bakeryB、 butcher’sC、 tobacconist’sD、 stationery答案： C题目： As is known to all, the GDP will rise as ________ cost is reduceD、A、 logisticB、 logisticsC、 logicalD、 logic答案： B题目： Logistics was formerly called physical _________.A、 positionB、 distributionC、 settingD、 distribute答案： B题目：One of the key point in distribution of product is whether it is _________ where the customer wishes to consume it.A、 availabilityB、 availableC、 consumableD、 useful答案： B题目： We must distribute the products to as many places as possible so that our customers find it _____ to get them.A、 complicatedB、 difficultC、 hardD、 convenient答案： D题目：For _______ purposes, it is useful to describe the 80-20 curve mathematically.A、 analyticalB、 analysisC、 analyzeD、 analyst答案： A题目： Items would have a(n) _______ distribution strategy where few regional warehouses are useD、A、 middleB、 reasonableC、 intermediateD、 average答案： C题目： We’ve studied all our _______ catalogs.A、 competitorsB、 competitor’sC、 competitorD、 competitors’答案： D题目：Jim is president of a ______ firm that makes mini-motor homes in Michigan.A、 medium sizeB、 middle-sizeC、 medium-sizingD、 middle size答案：C题目： This is called the tapering ________.A、 principalB、 principleC、 principlesD、 principals答案： B题目： There is, however, a well-defined order in which the components can be installed in the vehicle most ____.A、 efficientB、 efficientlyC、 effectivelyD、 effective答案： B题目：Recently, it has become clear to Jim that transportation and ______ costs are a relatively large portion of his component parts expenses.A、 inventoryB、 inventC、 inventionD、 inventive题目： He _______ hearing about “just-in-time” systems.A、 hasB、 wereC、 hadD、 had been答案： D题目： The firm _____ from a local on to a national one.A、 has been expandedB、 has expandedC、 was expandedD、 expand答案： B题目： Excuse me, but I don’t quite ______ you. I’m confuseD、A、 feelB、 helpC、 followD、 understanding答案： C题目： Overhead and inventory carrying costs are always present but may ______ in a variety of ways.A、 be allocatingB、 be allocatedC、 allocateD、 allocated答案： B题目：Virtually the entire product ______ from components purchased from outside vendors.A、 are assembledB、 assembledC、 is assemblingD、 is assembled答案： D题目： Inventories are stockpiles of raw materials, supplies, components, work in process and ______ goods that appear at numerous points throughout a firm’s production and logistics 题目： channel.A、 finishB、 finishedC、 finishingD、 finishes答案： B题目：Inventories are frequently found in such places _______ warehouses, yards, shop floors, transportation equipment, and on retail store shelves.A、 asB、 likeC、 whichD、 where答案： A题目： _______ these inventories on hand can cost between 20 and 40 percent of their value per year.A、 HavingB、 HaveC、 HasD、 Had答案： C题目： ATherefore, carefully managing inventory levels _______ good economic sense.A、 makeB、 are madeC、 makes (make…sense)D、 are making答案：C题目： One of the seller’s responsibilities under DAF (Delivered at Frontier) is to bear all the costs and risks to make the goods available to the buyer _____ a nominated destination.A、 inB、 atC、 ofD、 with答案： B题目：Operating systems usually cannot be designed to _______ respond to customer requests for product or service in an instantaneous manner.A、 economicB、 economicalC、 economicallyD、 economy答案： C题目： Holding inventories fosters economies in ______ and transportation.A、 purchaseB、 purchasedC、 purchasingD、 purchases答案： C题目： Third, forward buying involves the purchasing of additional quantities of ______ at a lower current price rather than at higher anticipated future prices.A、 produceB、 producingC、 productionD、 products答案： D题目： f prices _______ to rise in the future, some inventory resulting from forward buying can be justifieD、A、 expectB、 are expectedC、 are expectingD、 expectation答案： B题目：Just _____ why a firm might want inventories at some level in theiroperations and why they would also want to keep them at a minimum.A、 considerB、 consideringC、 consideredD、 as consideration答案： A题目：Industrial packaging has a significant _____ on the cost and productivity of logistics.A、 affectB、 impactC、 importanceD、 function答案： B题目：Packaging can be _______ into industrial packaging and consumer packaging.A、 splitB、 separatedC、 dividedD、 contained答案： C题目：First, it should protect the goods ______ damage during handling, storing and transportation.A、 forB、 atC、 fromD、 about答案： C题目：The easier it is to handle a product, the _______ the transportation rate will be.A、 lowestB、 lowerC、 lowlyD、 low答案： B题目：Greedy manufactures avoid ______ their share toward cleaning up the environment.A、 to doB、 doing (avoid doing) sthC、 does答案：题目： Our manager suggests that we ______ load the goods as soon as possible.A、 mustB、 needC、 shouldD、 would答案： C题目： A growing number of customers require that product _____ tracked as it moves through the supply chain.A、 beingB、 to beC、 have beenD、 be答案： D题目： He cannot be really happy if he is forced by his boss to do what he does not enjoy _______.A、 to doB、 doingC、 doneD、 to doing答案： B题目： He spends most of his spare time _______ logistics. in doing sth.A、 to studyB、 on studyC、 in studyingD、 studying答案： C题目：The advantage of Third Party Logistics is considered _______ money saveD、A、 in terms ofB、 on terms ofC、 with terms ofD、 at terms of答案： A题目：We are obliged _______ remind you that supply chain management is to reduce costs.B、 toC、 ofD、 for答案： B题目： Generally _________, man has more strength than woman.A、 speakB、 saidC、 speakingD、 say答案： C题目：They produce the merchandise that will then be passed ________ the logistics company.A、 inB、 withC、 forD、 to答案： D题目： We wrote you last week ________ we are inspecting the goods.A、 to the effect thatB、 take effect fromC、 in effectD、 effect答案： A题目： Our company supply the ________production specially.A、 sophisticatedB、 highC、 goodD、 quality答案： A题目： Mrs. Lee is ________ for the shipping.A、 responseB、 respondingC、 responsibleD、 respond答案： C题目： It has become a global trend ________TPL to apply technology to achieve an integrated process.B、 inC、 ofD、 for答案： D题目： One of the value _______services provided by TPL could be its IT system.A、 addB、 addsC、 addingD、 to add答案： C题目： The easier it is to handle a product, the_______ the transportation rate will be.A、 lowestB、 lowerC、 lowlyD、 low答案： B题目： Greedy manufactures avoid _______their share cleaning up the environment.A、 to doB、 doingC、 doesD、 did答案： B题目： It is adequately _______ in terms of average transit time, transit-time variability, and loss and damage.A、 describeB、 describedC、 describingD、 to describe答案： B题目：For most marketing or logistics applications, a small percentage of entities ______ a large percentage of the volume.A、 produceB、 count forC、 account forD、 count on答案： C题目： The international cargo transport volume has been on the rise together _______the world’s economic growth since the third quarter of last century.A、 andB、 onC、 inD、 with答案： D题目： I’m afraid that your mistake will _______ the liner’s departure.A、 lateB、 delayC、 propelD、 lead答案： D题目： We must distribute the products to as many places as possible so that our customers find it _______ to get them.A、 complicatedB、 difficultC、 hardD、 convenient答案： B题目： ________the way, what does this word means?A、 OnB、 InC、 UnderD、 By答案： D题目： Third, forward buying involves the purchasing of additional quantities of _______at a lower current price rather than at higher anticipated future prices.A、 produceB、 producingC、 productionD、 product答案： D题目： Charles has some containers to_______ to Malmo port from ChinA、A、 be shippedB、 shipC、 be shippingD、 shipped答案： A题目：Mr. Cheng is the foreman of the port and responsible for______ the handling.A、 managingB、 chargingC、 changingD、 directing答案： D题目： Logistics ________more and more attention from different sectors of the society.A、 receivesB、 receivedC、 is receivesD、 has received答案： D题目： The current structure does not _________efficient work flow.A、 goodB、 facilitateC、 convenientD、 attribute答案： B题目： The warehouse has ________grounds.A、 extendB、 extensiveC、 extentD、 extension答案： B题目： Most general cargo is carried in________, but some are still shipped by bulk cargo.A、 bagsB、 barrelsC、 boxesD、 containers答案： D题目： I wish the shipping company ________ me for my cargo according to the measurement tons.A、 chargeB、 chargedC、 would chargedD、 will charged答案： C题目： Can you ________ me on this problem?A、 enlightenB、 ensureC、 disruptD、 arise答案： A题目： I _________ the man at once; he was one of my father’s friends.A、 knewB、 sawC、 identifiedD、 understood答案： C题目： We’ve studied all our ________catalogs.A、 competitorsB、 competitor’sC、 competitorD、 competitors’答案： D题目： There is nothing special about this film. It is only_________.A、 excellentB、 strangeC、 averageD、 outstanding答案： C题目：Overhead and inventory carrying costs are always present but may ________ in a variety of ways.A、 be allocatedB、 be allocatingC、 allocateD、 allocated答案： A题目： She has to _______ to the director _________all the money she has spent.A、 account, forB、 count, forC、 account, onD、 count, on答案： A题目： If prices________ to rise in the future, some inventory resulting from forward buying can be justifieD、A、 expectB、 are expectedC、 are expectingD、 expectation答案： B题目：Just________ why a firm might want inventories at some level in their operations and why they would also want to keep them at a minimum.A、 considerB、 consideringC、 consideredD、 as consideration答案： A题目： Holding inventories fosters economies in _________and transportation.A、 purchaseB、 purchasedC、 purchasingD、 purchases答案： D题目： This is called the tapering _________.A、 principalB、 principleC、 principlesD、 principals答案： C题目： He _________hearing about “just-in-time” systems.A、 hasB、 wereC、 hadD、 had been答案： B题目： The firm ________from a local one to a national one.A、 has been expandedB、 has expanded。
(完整版)广东省助理物流师_专业英语与计算机基础_物流专业英语部分(含答案11)
广东省助理物流师专业英语与计算机基础第三部分物流专业英语3. 1物流专业词汇与释义3. 1. 1基本概念术语有关基本概念与术语详见教材第3-5贞「型习题：|1. 物流（）A. materialB. logisticsC. cargoD. goods2. 物流作业（）A. logistics operationB. logistics activityC. logistics technologyD. logistics cost3. 物流管理（）A. logistics centerB. logistics networkC. logistics managementD. logistics information4. 物流企业（）A. logistics documentsB. logistics allianceC. logistics modulusD. logistics enterprise5. 销售物流（）A. returned logisticsB. sales logisticsC. distribution logisticsD. production logistics6. 供应物流（）A. production logisticsB. supply logisticsC. internal logisticsD. international logistics7. 绿色物流（）A. environmental logisticsB. internal logisticsC. external logistics8. 第三方物流（）A. production logisticsB. distribution logisticsC. military logisticsD. Third Part Logistics （TPL）9. 虚拟物流（）A. virtual logisticsB. customized logisticsC. external logisticsD. value-added logistics service10. 无形损耗（）A. tangible lossB. intangible lossC. supply logisticsD. supply chain11. 有形损耗（）A. tangible lossB. intangible lossC. supply logisticsD. supply chain12. 条码（）A. barB. bar codeC. stripD. yard13. 电子数据交换（）A. Electronic Data ChangeB. Electronic Data ExchangeC. Electronic Datum InterchangeD. Electronic Data Interchange （EDI）14. 物流活动是（）A. logistics activitiesB. logistics costC. logistics technologyD. logistics center15. 国际物流是（）A. national logisticsB. international logisticsC. regional logisticsD. world logistics16. 企业物流是（）B. business logisticsC. enterprise logisticsD. internal logistics17. 生产物流是（ ）A. manufacture logisticsB. make logisticsC. product logisticsD. production logistics18. 物流网络是（ ）A. logistics on-lineB. logistics line and dotC. logistics organizationD. logistics network19. 物流模数是（ ）A. logistics modelB. logistics modulusC. logistics movementD. logistics test20. 物流联盟是（ ）A. logistics allianceB. logistics unionC. logistics cooperationD. logistics ally4、D5、C6、B7、A8、D9、AB 13、D 14、A 15、B 16、D 17、DA 3. 1.2物流作业术语知识要点：| 典型习题：|1. 直达运输（ ）A. combined transportB. through transportC. transfer transportD. drop and pull transport2. 集装箱运输（）A. containerB. containerized transportC. container transportD. containerization3. 门到站( )1、B2、A3、C 10、B 11、A 12、 18、D 19、B 20、有关术语详见教材第 5-8 贞。
物流专业英语翻译与计算机基础英语阅读翻译
第五章 物流英语阅读第一节第一节W hat is Logistics Management What is Logistics Management ？ 1． The Definition of LogisticsAfter completing a commercial transaction ，logistics will execute the transfer of goods from the supplier（seller ）to customer （buyer ）in the most cost-effective manner ．This is the definition of logistics ．During thetransfer process ，hardware such as logistics facilities and equipment （logistics carriers ）are needed ，as well asinformation control and standardization ．In addition ，supports from the government and logistics associationshould be in place ．Three major functions of logistics(1) Creating time value ：same goods can be valued differently at different times ．Goods often stop during the transfer process ，which is professionally called the storage of logistics ．It creates the time value for goods. (2) Creating location value ：same goods can be valued differently locations ．The value added during thetransfer process is the location value of logistics ．(3) Distribution processing V Distribution processing Value alue ：sometimes logistics create distribution processing value, which changesthe length ，thickness and packages of the goods ． Like popular saying ，“cutting into smaller parts ”is the mostcommonly seen distribution processing form ．Most processing within logistics create added value for goods ．Logistics is a new commercial area ，developing from the traditional stage to a modern one ．The maindifferences between these two stages include ：(1) Modern logistics adopts containerization techniques ．The goods transfer process starts with packaging ，followed by transportation ，storage and distribution ．The whole process is operated under logisticsstandards ．Based on the logistics base module of 600*400MM ，form the logistics module of 1, 200*1,000mm ，and enlarge to the size of 2,591*2,438mm-the size of high*wide of the container ．It can be adjusted to the standardsizes of containers for trains ，trucks and ships ．(2) Information technologies are most important for modern logistics ．Bar Code ，POS ，EDI and GPSsystems dramatically improve the efficiency and accuracy of the logistics activities ．Internet further assists themarket development ，operations and management of the logistics industry ．2． Activities Included in Logistics Management (1) Customer service ．Customer service is defined as “a customer-oriented philosophy that integrates andmanages all customer interface within the lowest possible costs to achieve optimum results ．”Customer servicesbind all logistics activities ．Whether a customer receives right product under all the right conditions will affect allother operations ．(2) Order processing ．“Order processing can be co mpared to the human body’s central nerve system ，triggering the distribution process and directing the actions to be taken in satisfying order demand ”．Orderprocessing activity may be broken down into three categories ．Firstly ，operating elements ，such as orderentry/editing ，scheduling ，order-shipping set preparation ，and invoicing ．Secondly ，communication elements ，such as order modification ，order status inquiries ，tracing and expediting ，error correction ，and product informationrequests ；and lastly ，credit and collection elements ，including credit checking and accounts receivable processing/collecting ．Custom services plays an important part in the speed and accuracy of the order processing ．Advancedsystems can reduce the time between order placement and shipment ．Orders are often done through computersystems ．Advanced systems ，although initially expensive to the company ，can substantially improve accuracy andefficiency ．Often ，saving in other logistics expenses (such as inventory ，transportation and warehousing) orincreased sales from improved customer service will justify the cost of the system ．(3) Communication in logistics ．Success in today’s business environment requires the management of a complex communications system ．Effective communication should exist between ：(a) the company ，its customers and suppliers ；(b) major operations of the company such as marketing ，manufacturing ，logistics ，and finance/accounting ；(c) logistics-related activities such as customer service ，traffic and transportation ，warehousing andstorage ，order processing ，and inventory control ；(d) Components of each logistics activity (within inventory control ，for example ，would be in-plantinventory ，inventory in transit ，and inventory in field warehouse)．Communication is the vital link between the entire logistics process and customers ．A firm’s communications system may be as sophisticated as a computerized management informationsystem(MIS) or as simple as word-of-mouth communication between individuals ．Whatever type of system used ，vital information must be available and communic ated to individuals who “need to know”．(4) Inventory control ．The inventory control is important to ensure a sufficient supply of product to meetcustomer demand and manufacturing requirements ．Inventory consumes space and capital ．The cost of storeinventory can be 14 to over 50 percent of the total cost ．Successful inventory control involves determining enoughinventories to satisfy customer demand and considering the cost of performing other logistics activities ．(5) Forecasting demands ．Demand forecasting involves determining the amount of product and service thatcustomers will require in the future ．It is important to all operations such as marketing ，manufacturing ，andlogistics ．* Marketing forecasts determine promotional strategies ，allocation of sales force ，pricing strategies ，andmarket research activities ．* Manufacturing forecasts determine production schedules ，purchasing and acquisition strategie s ，andin-plant inventory decisions.* Logistics forecasts determine product transportation and storage.Demand forecasting enables managers to allocate their resources (budgets) effectively to meet demands. Forecasting can be difficult given the market uncertainties. However ，the companyshould undertake demand forecasting forecasting and and communicate the results to other departments.Sophisticated computer models models，，trend analysis analysis，，sales force estimates estimates，，or other methods can help develop such forecasts.(6) Transportation. The goods flow is depended on transportation process ，it includesselecting the method of shipment (rail (rail，，water water，，truck truck，，airand pipeline), choosing a specific path (routing)(routing)；；complyingwith various local, state and federal transportation regulations; and being aware of both domestic and international traffic requirements. Transportation is often the largestpart in the logistics cost.(7) Warehousing and storage. Products must be stored at any places unless consumers need them immediately. Warehousing and storage are activities that manage the space needed to hold the inventories. Specific storage activities include include；；deciding whether the storage facility should be owned owned，，leased leased，，or rented rented；；warehouse layout and design design；；product mix considerations considerations；；safetyand maintenance maintenance；；security systems；personal training ；and productivity measurement. (8) Plant and warehouse site selection ．The strategic site near the specific markets canimprove the customer service levels and lower transportation costs. When making a site decision decision，，we need to research the product market ，customer demands ，location of raw materials ，componentparts and subassemblies subassemblies．．Other major considerations include labor rates rates，，transportation transportation，，taxes taxes，，security security，，laws laws，，local community (such as the attitude towards a new industry) land cost ，andinfrastructure.(9) Material handling handling．．It is concerned with handling of all raw materials materials，，parts parts，，fittings fittings，，inventory inventory，，and finished goods within a plant or warehouse．Its objectives are * Reduce handling possibly* Minimize travel distance* Minimize goods in process* Provide uniform flow without any negative element* Minimize losses (damaged or stolen goods)Handling or carrying is the most frequent activities in the logistics ，but generally addsno value to a product ，these operations should be dept to a minimum. Material handling plays a vital role in reducing inventory ，lowering costs ，and increasing productivity.(10) Procurement ．Procurement is the acquisition of materials and services from other companies companies．．Procurement includes selecting supply locations，determining forms of the material to be acquired ，timing timing，，price price，，quality control，and many other activities. (11) Parts and service support support．．Logisticsis heavily connected with many activities involved in repair and servicing of products products．．After sales service is usually part of the transaction transaction．．Suchas replacing parts when products break down or malfunction ．Adequate supplies of spare and replacement parts should be available to customers in need ．If the product fail to perform due to malfunction ，the supplier of space parts must respond quickly to avoid extra cost ．(12) Packaging Packaging．．Packaging performs two basic functions-marketing and logistics logistics．．Inmarketing the package acts promotion and advertising advertising．．Its size size，，weight weight，，color color，，and printed information attract customers and convey knowledge of the product product．．When firms are involved in international marketing marketing，，packaging becomes even more important important．．Productssold to foreign countries travel greater distances and undergo more handling operations ．The logistics package is to protect the products during the process of logistics ．(13) Scrap disposal disposal．．The logistics process must effectively and quickly handle handle，，transport transport，，and store waste products ．If they can be reused or recycled ，logistics company should arrange and move them to the re-production and re-processing locations. (14) Return goods handling ．The handling of return goods is often called reversedistribution distribution．．Buyers may return items to the seller for a number of reasons reasons．．Mostlogistics systems are not good enough to handle such cases cases．．In many industries industries，，consumers return products for warranty repair repair，，replacement replacement，，or recycling recycling，，reverse distribution costs may be very high high．．Reverse distribution will become more important as customers demand more flexible and favorable return policies ．Reading MaterialInternational LogisticsAn increasing number of companies are involving in international markets through exporting exporting，，licensing licensing，，joint ventures ventures，，and ownership ownership．．This trend should continue continue．．Withsuch expansion there is a need to develop worldwide logistics networks ．Integrated logistics management and cost analysis will be more complex and difficult to manage.There are some future trends in internationalization ：(1)(1) More logistics executives with international responsibilities(2) Expansion of the number and size of foreign trade zones.(3) Reduction in the amount of international paperwork and documentation(4) More foreign warehousing is owned and controlled by the exporting firm(5) Increasing number of smaller firms (6) Foreign Foreign ownership ownership ownership of of of logistics logistics logistics service service service firms firms ，e.g.，public public warehousing warehousing warehousing and andtransportation carriers.(7) Increasing multiple distribution channelsThe international transport and the international logistics are same things in some way way．．So So，，when the international trading involved involved，，firmmust establish international logistics systems to provide the products and services demanded. The most significant development in international logistics will be the increasing sophistication information system adopted and independent departments to operate.第一节什么是物流管理第一节什么是物流管理1. 物流的定义物流的定义在完成物流交易后，物流将以最有效的成本方式将货物从供应商（卖方）到客户（买方）转换，这就是物流的定义。