幼儿英语故事教学资料

幼儿英语故事教学资料
幼儿英语故事教学资料

幼儿英语故事教学

幼儿英语故事教学

教学目标:了解幼儿英语故事活动的意义和特点,理解幼儿英语故事活动的基本原则;掌握幼儿英语故事活动的方式和技巧;明确幼儿英语故事活动的教学步骤,理解幼儿英语

故事活动的注意事项。

教学重点:掌握幼儿英语故事活动的方式和技巧;理解掌握幼儿英语故事活动的教学步骤。

教学方法:课堂讲授法、讨论法、范例引导法、示范法

教学内容:

第一节幼儿英语故事活动概述

一、幼儿英语故事活动的意义和特点

(一)幼儿英语故事活动的意义

1.以小见大,寓教育于启发之中。

2.英语故事活动能很好地解决幼儿的学习兴趣和学习动机问题。

3.扩展幼儿的词汇量,培养他们自觉获取语言材料的能力。

4.培养幼儿善于倾听的技能和良好的语感。

5.整合相关的学习内容。

6.能够很好地渗透文化意识。

(二)幼儿英语故事活动的特点

1.题材广泛,主题单纯。

2.情节生动,结构紧凑,易于表演。

3.叙事为主,语言口语化,句型重复化,重点词句反复练习。

二、幼儿英语故事活动的基本原则

(一)尽量使用英语,适当利用母语的原则

在起始阶段的英语故事活动中,全英文的活动可能会降低教学效率,也容易使听不懂的幼儿产生挫折感和畏难情绪。目前比较一致的看法是遵循“尽量使用英语,适当利用母语”的教学原则。应该对母语采取一种更为宽容的态度,不要使听故事的活动变为困难重重的语言练习活动。

(二)大剂量感知和积累幼儿英语故事的原则

教师应该提供大量的、全面平衡的幼儿英语故事,利用餐前饭后等闲暇时间让幼儿进行感知和积累,以寻求一种熏陶和潜移默化。

(三)重视过程的原则

教师应以学习英语词句为手段, 激发幼儿创造性的认知能力、情感、人格特征和身体动作技能的发展。

(四)融入感情的原则

教师要用生动、形象的语言说话,注意语调的抑扬顿挫,以此来增强幼儿的想象力、创造力,也会在无意中给予幼儿优美的语言熏陶。

(五)主体活动性原则

改变常见的老师讲,幼儿听,然后提几个问题,在老师指定的范围内学习词句、记忆情节的做法,发挥幼儿的主体性,尽可能把英语故事活动设计成幼儿的各种自主活动。

(六)直观性原则

1.教具直观。

2.言语直观。

3.体态直观。

(七)重复性原则

故事中反复出现的简单、有趣、易学的句子,孩子们会有意识或无意识地跟着老师或录音重复,并能轻而易举的记住,甚至会不经意的运用得恰到好处。

(八)理解性原则

教师呈现给幼儿的语言(言语性的)从内容上看有两类,一类是熟悉的,幼儿已经接触过、并已基本掌握的,另一类是幼儿比较陌生的,或是刚接触但尚未掌握的,或是未接触过的。前一类语言内容教师可直接以纯语言的形式呈现给幼儿,不会影响幼儿对语义内容的理解,同时还会强化他们已知的语言内容。后一类语言需要教师配合多种手段呈现给幼儿。

三、幼儿英语故事活动的方式

(一)给幼儿讲故事

用英语故事组织活动首先是为了让孩子们能够在听故事中获得乐趣。为此,他们只需听懂故事的大意或主线,而不必听懂故事中的每一个词。在讲故事时,说话是自发式的、自然的,用很自然的语调使故事听起来很真实;讲故事时我们会不时注视着孩子,观察他们是否都听

懂,还会使用一些面部表情、肢体语言帮助他们理解故事;讲故事前我们可以反复练上几遍,还可以准备一些卡片,上面写上一些要点。

(二)给幼儿读故事

可以通过以下方式或手段帮助他们更好地理解故事内容:

1.要注意以较自然的方式重复和变换表达。

2.有时可以停下来与孩子们一起谈论故事情节;或者拿出几张图片与孩子们讨论一番;还可以以个别的方式与某个孩子谈论故事的某个细节。

3.使用带图画的故事书。

4.向孩子们展示故事中提到的实物。

5.根据故事内容做一些表演性的动作;模仿故事中人或物的声音。

6.重复读故事中的一些关键词和句子。

7.就故事内容进行提问。

(三)表演故事

用来表演的故事首先要有教育意义,另外还应该考虑下列因素:

1.故事情节生动活泼,符合孩子生活经验。

2.故事中人物对话较多,语言简短形象,有适当的重复,有一定的动作性。

3.故事中有一定场景,但场景变化不多,容易布置。

4.故事中的主要人物不宜过多,2~3个为宜。

(四)创编故事

为了培养幼儿的创新意识,创造性地使用已学语言。教师在故事表演后可以鼓励他们改编或创编新故事。用短短的小故事将单词,句型灵活的运用起来,从而很好的巩固,整合知识,进一步提升幼儿语感能力。

(五)整合活动

教师在讲故事或读故事中,可以引导幼儿从图中找出相关的内容,也可让幼儿画出自己续编的故事,再进行讲述。

第二节幼儿英语故事活动的实施与指导

一、幼儿英语故事的选择

(一)故事的适龄性

不同年龄段的孩子对故事的接受程度差异明显,教师应该准确把握孩子的年龄、心理特点,并以此为依据设计适合孩子的故事情节、人物特征、事件背景等。

(二)故事的趣味性

(三)故事的教育性

教师需考虑故事的内容是否具有积极的意义,是否有助于培养孩子的观察力、想象力、创造力,是否有助于培养孩子的学习态度、学习毅力,是否有助于培养孩子用英语思维的习惯等。

(四)故事的熟悉性

(五)选择故事时,要有多重考虑

1.故事中所使用的语言与情节,是否具备重复及可预测的特性?

2.故事是否有清晰的情节和强烈的角色对比,且寓教于乐?

3.故事中所使用的语言与反映的文化是否真实与恰当?

(六)可以选择的故事类型

1.重复性高且可预测下文的故事。

2.堆栈式的故事。

3.顺序熟悉的故事。

二、幼儿英语故事活动的教学步骤

(一)准备活动

认真分析故事内容,研究所要教学的内容(单词或对话),有针对性地创设比较生动形象的故事情境。

(二)情景创设或背景铺路

幼儿英语故事活动需要精心创设环境、恰当使用教具,否则难以收到预期的效果。1.在创设故事活动环境时,教师可根据内容的具体要求布置教室。2.在进行故事活动前,教师可采用唱英文歌,或用游戏复习单词或句子,或是问一些与故事内容有关的简单问题,以导入故事情节。3.故事的背景知识有助于幼儿了解故事,减少学习障碍。

(三)整体感知故事内容

教师可以采用录音、录像或口述等方式,通过语言、音乐、图画等视觉与听觉的多方位输入,使孩子对整个故事有一个大致的、生动的了解。在感知的过程中,教师要引导孩子思考,并激发孩子去想象。

(四)扫除语言障碍

教师要采用多种教学法帮助孩子解决故事中出现的新单词、新句子。1.教师可利用先前准备的各种实物、图片,借助手势、眼神、表情等帮助孩子再次感知整个故事,同时也要调动孩子动用各种感官来体验故事。2.可让孩子表演故事中角色的动作或模仿声音。3.可在故事情节关键地方,让孩子预测故事下一步的发展。4.可在关键词句出现的地方,停下来让孩子猜测词义或句意。

(五)设计各类帮助幼儿理解英语故事的活动

1.听和做:让孩子们扮演故事中的某个角色。

2.听和表演:让孩子们表演故事。

3.听和辨认:让孩子们边听故事边指出故事中对应的图画。

4.听和反应:孩子们听老师讲故事,听到老师讲错时让他们拍手。

5.听和着色:让孩子们听从老师的指令给故事海报图颜色。

6.听和画画:让孩子们画出小红帽篮子里的三件东西来。

7.听和制作:可以让孩子们描慕并动手制作某个角色的面具。

(六)设计表达英语故事的活动

1.念小诗和唱歌。

2.词汇游戏。

3.练习新的发音。

4.尝试自如地说。

5.回答问题。

6.以小组为单位练习说。

(七)学习故事后的延伸活动阶段(演故事、编故事)

教师可预设一些提问,激发孩子的好奇心和探究的欲望,放飞他们的想象和思维,为他们提供探究的空间,培养学生的创造力。使他们能够对所学知识进行再创造。

三、幼儿英语故事活动的注意事项

(一)老师讲故事前的准备工作与讲故事时须注意的地方

1.事前充分练习。

2.针对故事的内容确定高潮与冲突的部份。

3.可依故事场景、事件和人物需要而设计道具。

4.反复练习。

5.故事开头要精彩。

6.故事表演要贴切。

7.排除干扰要自然。

8.教师应该具有丰富的想象力和童趣,能理解孩子的快乐。

(二)如何将说故事活动应用于英语教学中

1.场地布置:在教室内规划出一个可用来说故事的小空间。

2.时间安排:没有所谓最恰当的说故事时间。

3.示范教学:在班上实施说故事活动,老师的示范很重要。

4.技巧分享:对初学者而言,故事练习说得慢一点比较容易使人了解。其次老师的评语必须是正面的。

5.延伸活动:在老师讲完故事后,可设计问题让学生思考。

(三)语言的大量输入让幼儿理解故事,语言的少量输出让幼儿随意表达,增强信心

(四)激发幼儿渴望明白故事的愿望

(五)精心设计提问

1.提出的问题有启发性。

2.提问还要能引起幼儿的一些设想,虚构出动人的情节、神奇的意境。

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