【精准解析】北京市东城区2020届高三一模考试英语试题+Word版含解析
2020北京东城高三一模
英语试题
本试卷共10页，共120分。考试时长100 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）
第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The goshawk, a rare bird, once close to extinction, has doubled ___1___ (it) number in a national park in the south of England. Around 100 years ago, there were thought to be no goshawks ___2___(leave), due to farmers hunting them and their woodland habitats being cut down. However, thanks to conservationists, goshawks are back. By monitoring their nesting sites over time, the teams have been able to protect them from further forestry work. As a result, their number ___3___(grow) from just 20 pairs to 40 pairs in the past two years.
【答案】1. its 2. left
3. has grown
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种曾经濒临灭绝的稀有鸟类——苍鹰，在英格兰南部的一个国家公园数量翻了一倍。这都多亏了自然资源保护主义者的工作。
【1题详解】
考查代词。句意：苍鹰，一种曾经濒临灭绝的稀有鸟类，现在在英格兰南部的一个国家公园里它的数量翻了一番。number为名词，应用形容词性物主代词its修饰。故填its。
【2题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：大约100年前，人们认为那里已经没有苍鹰了，因为农民在捕猎它们，而它们的林地栖息地也被砍伐了。分析句子结构可知leave在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语goshawks构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填left。
【3题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：因此，在过去的两年里，它们的数量从20对增长到了40对。根据后文
in the past two years可知应用现在完成时，且主语为number，助动词用has。故填has grown。B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
One morning, I told my husband jo kingly that he’d dropped the ball because he hadn’t made me coffee and I was having trouble getting motivated ___4___(start) the day. My five-year-old son overheard me and asked what “drop the ball” meant. I told him it was just something like making a mistake. A few minutes later, he came into our bedroom ___5___ (hold) an overflowing coffee cup with a dishcloth underneath it to catch the drops. He said to my husband, “You dropped the ball, but I picked the ball up,” and he handed me the worst-tasting, most watered-down but ___6___ (sweet) cup of coffee ever.
【答案】4. to start
5. holding
6. sweetest
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者和丈夫开玩笑说他没给自己煮咖啡，使自己很难有动力开始新的一天，结果自己的儿子给自己端来一杯味道最糟、最满但却是最甜的咖啡的故事。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一天早上，我开玩笑地告诉丈夫，他把事情搞砸了，因为他没有给我煮咖啡，我很难有动力开始新的一天。分析句子结构可知start在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且作主语补足语。故填to start。
【5题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：几分钟后，他走进我们的卧室，手里拿着一个盛满了咖啡的咖啡杯，杯底是一块洗碗布，用来接滴下的咖啡。分析句子结构可知hold在句中应用非谓语动词形式作状语，且与逻辑主语he构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填holding。
【6题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：他对我丈夫说:“你犯错误另外，但我弥补了这个错误。”然后他递给我一杯味道最糟、最满但却是最甜的咖啡。结合句意表示“最甜的”应用最高级sweetest。故填sweetest。
【点睛】当分词做状语的时候，如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系，就使用现
在分词做状语；当二者构成被动关系，使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系，可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。
如第二小题，考查非谓语动词。句意：几分钟后，他走进我们的卧室，手里拿着一个盛满了咖啡的咖啡杯，杯底是一块洗碗布，用来接滴下的咖啡。分析句子结构可知hold在句中应用非谓语动词形式作状语，且与逻辑主语he构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填holding。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In half a century, the Internet has transformed society. Billions of us can connect at the touch of a button. Access ___7___ information, banks and shops has never been easier. The world has changed ___8___(dramatic) and continues to do so in ways we couldn’t have imagined. However, the Internet isn’t without disadvantages. By design, it has no central authority, ___9___ makes protecting people online or dealing with misinformation a near-impossible task.
___10___ the Internet develops will shape our future. If the past 50 years has been dominated by free and open exchanges, the next 50 will be about whether rules and restrictions can actually make the Internet, and the world, a better place.
【答案】7. to8. dramatically
9. which10. How
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。半个世纪以来，互联网改变了整个社会。文章主要说明了互联网对人们生活的一些影响以及互联网的一些特点和未来的发展。
【7题详解】
考查介词。句意：获取信息、去银行办理业务和购物从未像现在这样容易。表示“获取”短语为access to。故填to。
【8题详解】
考查副词。句意：世界发生了巨大的变化，而且仍在以我们无法想象的方式继续变化。修饰动词change应用副词dramatically。故填dramatically。
【9题详解】
考查定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which 。故填which 。 【10题详解】
考查连接词。句意：互联网如何发展将决定我们的未来。此处为主语从句，根据句意，从句中缺少方式状语，故用how 引导。句首字母要大写。故填How 。 【点睛】定语从句中的关系词选择，可考虑以下几点：
1、看清楚先行词的意义，就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用who 或whom ，指人时通常不用which 等等。
2、看清楚关系词的
句法功能，就是理清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等等。作定语通常用whose ，有时也用which 。作状语要用when, where, why 。 3、看清楚定语从句的种类，就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that 、why 通常不引导非限制性定语从句。
4、看清楚文体，就是理清是正式文体，还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。 如第三小题，此处为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which 。故填which 。
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
At six feet, seven inches tall and weighing 253 pounds, Father was a quiet giant (巨人) who only roared when he was angry. He would work long days, often ____11____ when I was already in bed. My two younger sisters and I both loved and feared him. Hearing the words, “Just wait until your father comes home,” would guarantee the three of us would start ____12____immediately. I was seven years old the night the “giant” became a person, and my ____13____. All it took was the ___14___ of a tiny, dirty kitten.
I ____15____ to the sounds of my father coming home from work. I slipped out of bed and moved quietly towards the living room in hopes of spending a few precious minutes ____16____ with my parents without my annoying sisters around.
I heard mum say, “We cannot ____17____ it.” What was the “it”? The giant saw me and ____18____ I should sit down near him. I was at a loss, although ____19____ might be a better word, for I had never seen or heard of a giant crying before. Unshed (满眶) tears ____20____up in his eyes.
His cheeks were ____21____ from the ones he had cried earlier.
The giant reached into a cardboard box and brought out a dirty young cat and ____22____ it on my lap. I was soon ____23____, as the giant shared a story with mum. As he spoke, with shaking shoulders caused by ____24____and at times sorrow, he transformed from a giant to a man who became my hero.
He ____25____ that he was on his way home when he heard two men laughing and talking. As he rounded the corner, he heard the most terrible scream of pain. He couldn’t ____26____ what he saw. The men had thrown a kitten into a furnace(火炉). He yelled and ran up to them but it was too ___27___. He couldn’t save t he kitten. The men had run away and he was about to run after them when he saw another kitten at his feet.
“We have to ____28____it; we have to keep it!” said the giant.
“It needs a ____29____,” said mum.
“I can help, Mommy!”
Reminded of my presence, mum and my hero sent me off to bed. As I fell asleep, I heard mum running some water.
We named the kitten Cinder and it joined our family. I never saw “the giant” again; I only saw my hero and a man whose heart was ____30____ than he was.
11. A. greeting B. chatting C. returning D. wandering
12. A. waiting B. escaping C. preparing D. behaving
13. A. model B. hero C. tutor D. friend
14. A. visit B. story C. arrival D. life
15. A. awoke B. listened C. rushed D. dreamed
16. A. straight B. alone C. indoors D. gradually
17. A. keep B. leave C. train D. clean
18. A. appealed B. urged C. indicated D. proposed
19. A. regretful B. hopeless C. unwilling D. terrified
20. A. built B. rolled C. blocked D. welled
21. A. wet B. red C. bright D. fresh
22. A. spread B. placed C. led D. dropped
23. A. discovered B. forgotten C. convinced D. relieved
24. A. fear B. surprise C. anxiety D. anger
25. A. argued B. emphasized C. explained D.
summarized
26. A. believe B. prove C. guess D. judge
27. A. bad B. late C. fast D. far
28. A. help B. cure C. feed D. buy
29. A. meal B. rest C. bath D. lift
30. A. lighter B. purer C. warmer D. larger
【答案】11. C 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D
20. D 21. A 22. B 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. C
30. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者的父亲是个身形巨大的人，作者和姐妹们都有点畏惧他，
直到作者七岁那年因为父亲救助了一只小猫，从而让作者改变了对父亲的看法。【11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他每天工作很长时间，经常在我已经上床睡觉的时候回来。A. greeting 打招呼；B. chatting聊天；C. returning返回；D. wandering漫游。结合后文when I was already in
bed可知，父亲每天工作到很晚，等到作者已经睡觉了才回家。故选C。
【12题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：听到“只要等到你父亲回家”这句话，就能保证我们三个马上开
始行为规矩起来。A. waiting等待；B. escaping逃跑；C. preparing准备；D. behaving行动，规
矩地行事。根据上文My two younger sisters and I both loved and feared him.可知作者和姐妹们都
害怕父亲，所以听到“只要等到你父亲回家”这句话，就能保证他们三个马上开始行为规矩
起来。故选D。
【13题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我七岁的那天晚上，“巨人”变成了一个普通人，成了我的英雄。
A. model模型；
B. hero英雄；
C. tutor导师；
D. friend朋友。根据最后一段中I only saw my hero
可知因为后来发生的事情，作者将父亲当做自己的英雄。故选B。
【14题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所需的不过是一只脏兮兮的小猫咪的到来。A. visit访问；B. story
故事；C. arrival到达；D. life生活。根据后文可知父亲在回家路上捡回了一只小猫，正是这只猫的到来，让作者对父亲的看法发生了改变。故选C。
【15题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲下班回家的声音把我吵醒了。A. awoke唤醒；B. listened听；
C. rushed急忙；
D. dreamed梦想。根据后文I slipped out of bed可知作者被父亲回家的声音吵醒了。故选A。
【16题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我从床上悄悄爬起来，朝客厅走去，希望能和父母单独相处几分钟，远离那些烦人的姐妹。A. straight直地；B. alone独自地；C. indoors在室内；D. gradually 逐渐地。根据后文without my annoying sisters around.可知作者想要和父母单独相处几分钟。故选B。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我听到妈妈说:“我们不能养它。”A. keep饲养，保持；B. leave 离开；C. train训练；D. clean清理。根据第四段中The giant reached into a cardboard box and brought out a dirty young cat可知父亲带回了一只小猫，所以这次指的是母亲说不能饲养这只猫。故选A。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：巨人看见了我，示意我坐在他旁边。A. appealed呼吁；B. urged催促；C. indicated示意，表明；D. proposed提议。根据后文I should sit down near him.可知父亲示意作者坐到自己身边。故选C。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我茫然不知所措，也许用“恐惧”这个词更恰当些，因为我以前从未见过或听说过巨人哭泣。A. regretful后悔的；B. hopeless绝望的；C. unwilling不情愿的；
D. terrified恐惧的，害怕的。根据后文for I had never seen or heard of a giant crying before.可知作者听到了父亲因为猫的事情哭泣，而作者此前从未听到过父亲哭泣，因而现在感到害怕恐惧。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：满眶的泪水在他眼里涌现。A. built修建；B. rolled滚动；C. blocked 阻塞；D. welled涌出。根据后文up in his eyes可知指的是父亲眼里涌出了泪水。well up“涌出”。故选D。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的两颊因先前的哭泣而湿润。A. wet潮湿的；B. red红色的；
C. bright明亮的；
D. fresh新鲜的。根据后文from the ones he had cried earlier可知作者先前听到了父亲哭泣，所以此刻他的两颊因先前的哭泣而湿润了。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：巨人把手伸进一个纸板箱，拿出一只脏兮兮的小猫，放在我的腿上。A. spread传播；B. placed放置；C. led导致；D. dropped落下。结合后文it on my lap可知父亲将小猫放置在了作者的腿上。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很快就被遗忘了，因为巨人跟妈妈讲了一个故事。A. discovered 发现；B. forgotten忘记；C. convinced说服；D. relieved减轻。根据后文as the giant shared a story with mum.可知父亲和妈妈讲故事去了，把作者忘记了。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他说话的时候，他的肩膀因愤怒和悲伤而颤抖，他从一个巨人变成了我的英雄。A. fear害怕；B. surprise惊讶；C. anxiety焦虑；D. anger愤怒。结合后文可知猫是被两个男人扔了火炉里，父亲没能救出猫，所以对这两个的行为是感到愤怒的。因此他的肩膀因愤怒和悲伤而颤抖。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，他在回家的路上听到两个男人有说有笑的。A. argued 争论；B. emphasized强调；C. explained解释；D. summarized总结。承接上一段中the giant shared a story with mum，可知他在解释事情的经过。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他无法相信他所看到的。A. believe相信；B. prove证明；C. guess 猜测；D. judge判断。父亲对两个男人把猫扔进火炉的做法感到震惊，无法相信自己所看到的。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他大叫着跑向他们，但是已经太迟了。A. bad坏的；B. late迟的，晚的；C. fast快速的；D. far远的。根据后文He couldn’t save the kitten.可知父亲想要救猫，但是已经太迟了。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们必须帮助它；我们必须养它!”巨人说。A. help帮助；B. cure 治愈；C. feed喂养；D. buy购买。父亲将小猫带回来就是为了帮助它。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“它需要洗澡，”妈妈说。A. meal一餐；B. rest休息；C. bath沐浴；D. lift举起。根据后文I heard mum running some water.可知妈妈提议说小猫需要洗澡。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我再也没有看到过“巨人”，我只看到了我的英雄和一个心胸比他自己更大的人。A. lighter更轻的；B. purer更纯的；C. warmer更温暖的；D. larger更大的。结合第一段中At six feet, seven inches tall and weighing 253 pounds, Father was a quiet giant who only roared when he was angry.可知父亲是个身形很巨大的人，但是他救助了一只小猫，说明他的心胸比他外在的身形更为巨大。故选D。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Joy of Giving
Many athletes can light up the scoreboard with their skill. But it takes a special kind of athlete to light up a child’s face.
Runner Sanya Richards Ross is a four-time Olympic gold medal winner. She was born in Kingston, Jamaica, and though she now lives in Texas, her passion is helping young people in her homeland through her Fun 4 Kidz Foundation, which tackles illiteracy and promotes a healthy lifestyle. “Education is so important. Jamaica has its share of poor people who don’t have the means to get a great education. When you’re educated, your opportunities are endless. I had great support growing up, but not everyone is so blessed. So far, our program has been in seven schools in Jamaica, helping 400 students,” said Sanya.
Houston Texans All-Pro J.J. Watt is all business on the football field. But with children, he is playful and fun loving. He started the Justin J. Watt Foundation to provide after-school sports opportunities for underprivileged children. These activities help the kids learn about teamwork,
leadership, and perseverance. He said, “At one of the first schools where we gave out uniforms, a kid told me, ‘It’s the best day of my life. I’m going to be a football player.’ Simple things like that keep me helping kids. Seeing the smile on a kid’s face is everything.”
Mia Hamm is one of the greatest soccer players in U.S. National and Olympic history. Inspired by her brother, Garrett, who died from a rare blood disorder, she started the Mia Hamm Foundation to raise awareness and money for those in need of bone marrow or cord blood transplants. As she said, “We do charity soccer games, bringing together unrelated donors an d recipients(受助人). To see that reunion is one of the most powerful things you can see. There are a lot of tears when people meet their donors, who are their selfless, thoughtful heroes; who gave them a second chance at life. If I can help reduce the suffer ing of others, I will gladly do it.”
Los Angeles Angels first baseman Albert Pujols is one of baseball’s greats. His daughter, Isabella, has Down Syndrome, a genetic condition that causes delays in physical and intellectual growth. Albert and his wife, Deidre, started the Pujols Family Foundation to help children with Down Syndrome.
For these athletes, there’s no better feeling than to bring joy to people and to those in need, and seeing a smile on a child’s face at a foundation event or wherever they are i nvolved really makes it all worth it.
31. Which foundation provides poor kids with physical exercise?
A. The Mia Hamm Foundation.
B. The Justin J. Watt Foundation.
C. The Pujols Family Foundation.
D. Fun 4 Kidz Foundation.
32. What got Mia Hamm to start charity work?
A. Garrett’s death.
B. Patients’ suffering.
C. Her love for soccer games.
D. The selflessness of the donors.
33. Which of the following words can best describe these athletes?
A. Wealthy and capable.
B. Loyal and reliable.
C. Educated and creative.
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2021年高三英语期末考试试卷
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姓名： ____________考号： __________班级： _________得分： 高考英语周考英语答题卡 1[ A ][ B ] 2[ A ][ B ] 3[ A ][ B ] 4[ A ][ B ] 5[ A ][ B ] 26[ A ][ B ] 27[ A ][ B ] 28[ A ][ B ] 29[ A ][ B ] 30[ A ][ B ] 41[ A ][ B ] 42[ A ][ B ] 43[ A ][ B ] 44[ A ][ B ] 45[ A ][ B ] [ C ] 6 [A][ B ][ C ]11[ A ][ B ][ C ]16[ A ][ B ][ C ]21[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ] [ C ]7 [A][ B ][ C ]12[ A ][ B ][ C ]17[ A ][ B ][ C ]22[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ] [ C ]8 [A][ B ][ C ]13[ A ][ B ][ C ]18[ A ][ B ][ C ]23[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ] [ C ]9 [A][ B ][ C ]14[ A ][ B ][ C ]19[ A ][ B ][ C ]24[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ] [ C ]10 [A][ B ][ C ]15[ A ][ B ][ C ]20[ A ][ B ][ C ]25[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ] [ C ][ D ]31[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ]36[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ][ E ][ F ][ G ] [ C ][ D ]32[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ]37[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ][ E ][ F ][ G ] [ C ][ D ]33[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ]38[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ][ E ][ F ][ G] [ C ][ D ]34[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ]39[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ][ E ][ F ][ G ] [ C ][ D ]35[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ]40[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ][ E ][ F ][ G ] [ C ][ D ]46[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ]51[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ]56[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ] [ C ][ D ]47[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ]52[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ]57[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ] [ C ][ D ]48[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ]53[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ]58[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ] [ C ][ D ]49[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ]54[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ]59[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ] [ C ][ D ]50[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ]55[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ]60[ A ][ B ][ C ][ D ] 第二节：语法填空（15 分） 61.____________ 62. _____________ 63. ______________ 64. ________________ 65. ____________ 66._____________ 67. _____________68. _______________69. ________________ 70. ___________ 第一节：短文改错（10 分） As we all know, life is very much beautiful and precious; therefore we should admire but value it. We should make our life richly and meaningful by working hard. Only in that way can we carry out our duties in life. Furthermore, we should be braver enough to meet the challenges and manage to overcome the difficulties and sadness we meet in your life. By doing so, we can make greater progress in our field and enjoy our success and pleasure earning by ourselves. All in all, not only should we learn to enjoy the beauty of life now, but also we should learn how protect and fight against a more beautiful life in the future. 第 1页（共 2 页）