2014年西北师范大学考研试题357英语翻译基础
2014年西北师范大学外语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2014年西北师范大学外语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解I. Grammar & Vocabulary (20 Points)Directions: There are 20 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.1. Richard lives in _____, but he is leading _____.A. a palace of a house, the hell of a lifeB. the palace of a house, a hell of a lifeC. a palace of the house, a hell of a lifeD. a palace of a house, a hell of a life【答案】D【解析】句意：Richard住在如宫殿般的房子中，却过着地狱般的生活。
本题考查的是冠词的用法，palace，house，hell，life前面都应该加a，故答案为D。
2. He must have waited here for a long time, _____?A. mustn’t heB. hasn’t heC. didn’t heD. doesn’t he【答案】C【解析】句意：他一定在这儿等了很长一段时间，不是吗？本题考查的是反义疑问句的用法，must have done表示对过去事实的推测,表示动作的时候用did当助动词,表示状态时用was，该题是动作，故答案是C。
3. Individuals who are subjects of research should participate knowingly in research and _____ the opportunity to decide if they want to participate.A. gaveB. givingC. givenD. be given【答案】D【解析】句意：研究的对象应该对该研究了如指掌，应该有权利决定加不加入研究当中去。
2014年硕士研究生入学考试初试专业课357英语翻译基础试题
北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题============================================================================================================= 试题编号： 357 试题名称：英语翻译基础（共 3 页）适用专业：翻译说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。
============================================================================================================= 一、英汉互译短语翻译（30分）IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency)GNP (Gross National Product)Gini coefficientcarbon taxresource recyclingquantitative easinggenetically modified foodurbanization ratio核心竞争力资源配置绿色增长可燃冰社交网络雾霾碳交易二、将下列段落译为汉语（25分）In 1992, Deng underscored the need to follow through on the “modernisation” course that he initiated in the 1980s and he emphasised the need for the economy to strengthen investment and become far more export-oriented. These policies, pursued by Deng’s successors, spurred extraordinary overall economic growth including the emergence from poverty into the mainstream of hundreds of millions of Chinese.Now, however, Xi and Li accept that the era of double-digit annual GDP growth has ended. They are building Communist Party support—and this is why the forthcoming plenary session is important—for rapid action on an economic agenda that they hope can deliver sustained annual growth of between 7 and 7.5 per cent. 三、将下列短文译为汉语（35分）Seven years ago Beijing’s government set a target of making the city a “liveable” one by 2020, with “fresh air and a beautiful environment”. Few praise its progress. Complaints abound about its congestion, pollution, desperate shortage of water and hugely expensive housing. Even in the state-controlled media, suggestions are sometimes made that it is time to build a new capital.Beijing has been Ch ina’s capital for most of the past 600 years. Since the Communist victory in 1949, the Chinese have been taught to revere the city as an embodiment of China’s power, the party’s might and their country’s glorious history. To propose a move strikes many as heretical. In recent years, however, some have broken ranks. In 2000 even China’s then Prime Minister, Zhu Rongji, joined the sceptics. The capital, he declared, might have to move if measures to curb its sandstorms failed.Since then officials have claimed some success in reducing the frequency of these lung-clogging calamities. But other problems have grown. Beijingers fed up with traffic gridlock sometimes pronounce the word “shoudu”, meaning capital, in a different tone so that it sounds like “the most congested”. For much of the year a grey blanket of pollutants shrouds the city. The rate of birth defects has doubled over the past decade. The environment is thought to be a contributory factor. Several scholars have suggested, in newspapers as well as online, that these and other problems would best be solved by relocating the central government.Beijing’s bureaucrats are unlikely to be persuaded. Their privileges, common to all those registered as Beijing citizens (ie, not migrants from other provinces), include readier access than most other Chinese have to some of the country’s best educational and medical facilities. Some local officials in places favoured by scholars as potential capital sites have been proclaiming their merits. But given the allure of Beijing’samenities, it is little wonder that the central authorities keep quiet.四、将下列段落译为英语（25分）今年是中国发展进程中不平凡的一年。
2014年英语翻译硕士考研真题
2014 年英语翻译硕士考研真题 第一部分短语翻译。 英译汉部分(1'*15=15') CATTI GRE GDP play of words Kumara Jiva semantic translation cultural untranslatability descriptive translation studies idiomatic expressions in English ideological conflict interpreter's booth negative transfer of culture over-loaded translation Robinson Crusoe Gone with the Wind （今年考了好多翻译理论里的专有名词。。）
Nothing is more futile and more self-defeating than thebitterness of spurned love, the vengeful feeling that someone else has “comebetween” oneself and a beloved. This is always a distortion of reality, forpeople are not the captives or victims of others---they are free agents,working out their own destinies for good or for ill.
We tend to treat persons like goods. We even speak of thechildren “belonging” to their parents. But nobody “belongs” to anyone else. Eachperson belongs to himself, and to God. Children are entrusted to their parents,and if their parents do not treat them properly, the state has a right toremove them from their parents’ trusteeship.
2014年西北师范大学外语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2014年西北师范大学外语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解I. Translate the following terms, proper names and phrases into English/Chinese.(30 points)Section A. translate the following terms into English. (15 points)1. 理论研究【答案】theoretical research2. 副教授【答案】associate professor3. 单亲家庭【答案】single parent family4. 白手起家【答案】start from scratch5. 必修课【答案】compulsory course6. 国际奥林匹克委员会【答案】International Olympic Committee7. 印花税【答案】stamp tax8. 光盘行动【答案】“Clear your plate” campaign9. 中国汉字听写大会【答案】Dictation Assembly of Chinese Characters10. 选边站【答案】take side11. 人均国民生产总值【答案】gross national product per capita12. 《西游记》【答案】Journey to the West13. 微信【答案】Wechat14. 国际货币基金组织【答案】International Monetary Fund15. 门诊部【答案】outpatient departmentSection B. translate the following terms into Chinese. (15 points) 1. literature review【答案】文献综述2. housing project for low-income families【答案】安居工程3. to rationally readjust the employment structure【答案】合理调整就业结构4. compensation for demolition【答案】拆迁补偿费5. tertiary industry【答案】第三产业6. CPI【答案】居民消费价格指数7. Warsaw 2013【答案】华沙20138. IAEA【答案】国际原子能机构9. invitation for bid【答案】招标10. poverty-stricken areas 【答案】贫困地区11. medical cuisine【答案】健康饮食12. shadow puppetry 【答案】皮影13. RSVP【答案】请回复14. Associated Press【答案】美国联合通讯社15. Red Star Over China【答案】《西行漫记》（《红星照耀中国》）II. Paragraph translation. (120 points)Section A. translate the following paragraphs into Chinese. (60 points) To avoid the various foolish opinions to which mankind is prone, no superhuman genius is required. A few simple rules will keep you, not from all error, but from silly error.If the matter is one that can be settled by observation, make the observation yourself. Aristotle could have avoided the mistake of thinking that women have fewer teeth than men, by the simple device of asking Mrs. Aristotle to keep her mouth open while he counted. He didn’t do so because he thought he knew. Thinking that you know when in fact you don’t is a fatal mistake, to which we are all prone.Many matters, however, are less easily brought to the test of experience. If, like most of mankind, you have passionate convictions on many such matters, there are ways in which you can make yourself aware of your bias. If an opinion contrary toyour own makes you angry, that is a sign that you are subconsciously aware of having no good reason for thinking as you do. If someone maintains that two and two are five, or that Iceland is on the equator, you feel pity rather than anger, unless you know so little of arithmetic or geography that his opinion shakes your own contrary conviction. The most savage controversies are those about matters as to which there is no good evidence either way. Persecution is used in theology, not in arithmetic, because in arithmetic there is knowledge, but in theology, there is only opinion. So, whenever you find yourself getting angry about a difference of opinion, be on your guard; you will probably find, on examination, that your belief is going beyond what the evidence warrants.A good way of ridding yourself of certain kinds of dogmatism is to become aware of opinions held in social circles different from your own.【参考译文】为了避免人类易于陷入的各种愚蠢的见解，并不需要什么超凡的天才。
2014年西北大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2014年西北大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解一、将下列短语译成汉语1. CBD【答案】中央商务区2. API【答案】空气污染指数3. NASA【答案】美国宇航局4. CIO【答案】首席信息官5. hegemonism【答案】霸权主义6. Ethnic Affairs Committee【答案】民族委员会7. Ministry of Land and Resources【答案】国土资源部8. Source Document【答案】源文档9. Retained Earning【答案】留存收益10. dabber【答案】配音演员11. Public Reserve Funds 【答案】公积金12. Global Position System 【答案】全球定位系统13. Treasury Bonds【答案】国库券14. oracle bone inscriptions 【答案】甲骨文15. Yasukuni Shrine【答案】靖国神社二、将下列短语译成英语1. 财务报表【答案】Financial statements2. 原始设备制造商【答案】original equipment manufacturer; OEM3. 红学【答案】Redology4. 安居工程【答案】affordable housing project5. 禅宗【答案】Zen Buddhism6. 小品【答案】Sketch7. 侨务办公室【答案】Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs8. 主任编辑【答案】Associate Senior Editor9. 老三届【答案】Three graduating classes10. 电视台台长【答案】director of TV station11. 老字号【答案】a time-honored brand12. 利改税【答案】Tax for Profits13. 南水北调【答案】South-to-North water diversion Project14. 强权外交【答案】power diplomacy15. 全面小康社会【答案】a well-off society in an all-round way三、将下列篇章译成汉语Would that I could enrich this sketch with the names of all those who have ministered to my happiness! Some of them would be found written in our literature and dear to the hearts of many, while others would be wholly unknown to most of my readers. But their influence, though it escapes fame, shall live immortal in the lives that have been sweetened and ennobled by it. Those are red-letter days in our lives when we meet people who thrill us like a fine poem, people whose handshake is brimful of unspoken sympathy, and whose sweet, rich natures impart to our eager, impatient spirits a wonderful restfulness which, in its essence, is divine. The perplexities, irritations and worries that have absorbed us pass like unpleasant dreams, and we wake to see with new eyes and hear with new ears the beauty and harmony of God s real world. The solemn nothings that fill our everyday life blossom suddenly into bright possibilities. In a word, while such friends are near us we feel that all is well. Perhaps we never saw them before, and they may never cross our life s path again; but the influence of their calm, mellow natures is a libation poured upon our discontent, and we feel its healing touch, as the ocean feels themountain stream freshening its brine.I have often been asked, do not people bore you? I do not understand quite what that means. I suppose the calls of the stupid and curious, especially of newspaper reporters, are always inopportune. I also dislike people who try to talk down to my understanding. They are like people who when walking with you try to shorten their steps to suit yours; the hypocrisy in both cases is equally exasperating.The hands of those I meet are dumbly eloquent to me. The touch of some hands is an impertinence. I have met people so empty of joy, that when I clasped their frosty finger tips, it seemed as if I were shaking hands with a northeast storm. Others there are whose hands have sunbeams in them, so that their grasp warms my heart. It may be only the clinging touch of a child s hand; but there is as much potential sunshine in it for me as there is in a loving glance for others. A hearty handshake or a friendly letter gives me genuine pleasure.I have many far-off friends whom I have never seen. Indeed they are so many that I have often been unable to reply to their letters; but I wish to say here that I am always grateful for their kind words, however insufficiently I acknowledge them. 【参考译文】我所以不惜笔墨地提到很多人的名字，是因为他们曾带给我无尽的快乐！其中一些人已经被记载在文献中，并且成为世人瞩目的焦点。
2013年西北师范大学外语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2013年西北师范大学外语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese. (30 points)1. NATO【答案】北大西洋公约组织2. CPU【答案】中央处理器3. ISS【答案】工业标准规格4. FAO【答案】联合国粮食与农业组织5. ERP【答案】企业资源计划6. East Asia Community【答案】东亚共同体7. Apple of one’s eye 【答案】掌上明珠8. Sherlock Holmes 【答案】夏洛克·福尔摩斯9. Enclosure Movement 【答案】圈地运动10. Arabian Nights 【答案】天方夜谭11. Point Guard【答案】控球后卫12. Demilitarized Zone 【答案】非军事区13. Chauvinism【答案】沙文主义14. United Nations Environment Programme【答案】联合国环境规划署15. National Aeronautics and Space Administration 【答案】美国国家航空航天局16. 常务委员会【答案】standing committee17. 副教授【答案】associate professor18. 白皮书【答案】white paper19. 十二五计划【答案】the12th Five-Year Plan20. 平等互利原则【答案】the principle of equality and mutual benefit21. 科教兴国【答案】develop the country through science and education22. 凝聚力【答案】cohesion23. 不可抗力【答案】force majeure24. 联合国安理会【答案】United Nation Security Council25. 外汇储备【答案】foreign exchange reserve26. 支柱产业【答案】pillar industry27. 个税起征点【答案】the minimum threshold for personal income tax28. 燃油附加费【答案】Bunker Adjustment Factor29. 市场占有率【答案】market share30. 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧【答案】Where there is life, there is hope.II. Directions: Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. If the source text is in English, its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese, its target language is English. (120 points)Source Text 1:Once a circle missed a wedge. The circle wanted to be whole, so it went around looking for its missing piece. But because it was incomplete and therefore could roll only very slowly, it admired the flowers along the way. It chatted with worms. It enjoyed the sunshine. It found lots of different pieces, but none of them fit. Then only one day the circle found a piece that fit perfectly, it was so happy.Now it could be whole, with nothing missing. It incorporated the missing piece into itself and began to roll. Now that it was a perfect circle, it could roll very fast, too fast to notice the flowers or talking to the worms. When it realized how different the world seemed when it rolled so quickly, it stopped; left its found piece by the side of the road and rolled slowly away.The lesson of the story, I suggested, was that in some strange sense we aremore whole when we are missing something. There is a wholeness about the person who has come to terms with his limitations, who has been brave enough to let go of his unrealistic dreams and not feel like a failure for doing so.Life is not a trap set for us by God so that he can condemn us for failing. Life is not a spelling bee, where no matter how many words you’ve gotten right, you’re disqualified if you make one mistake. Life is more like a baseball season, where even the best team loses one-third of its games and even the worst team has its days of brilliance. Our goal is to win more games than we lose.When we accept that imperfection is part of being human, and when we can continue rolling through life and appreciate it, we will have achieved a wholeness. That, I believe, is what God asks of us—“Be whole”.If we are brave enough to love, strong enough to forgive, generous enough to rejoice in another’s happiness, and wise enough to know there is enough love to go around for us all, then we can achieve a fulfillment that no other living creature will ever know.【参考译文】从前，一只圆圈缺了一块楔子。