自考英美文学读书笔记

Reading Comprehesion (British and American Literature)Edit By CKMid of 2009Catalog第一章英国文学 (4)1.1上古世纪及中世纪英国文学简介 (4)1.2T HE R ENAISSANCE P ERIOD(文艺复兴时期) (5)1.2.1Edmund['edmənd] Spenser(埃德蒙.斯宾赛) (6)1.2.2Christopher Marlowe(克里斯托夫.马洛) (8)1.2.3William Shakespeare(威廉.莎士比亚) (9)1.2.4Francis Bacon(弗兰西斯.培根) (10)1.2.5John Donne(约翰.邓恩) (12)1.2.6John Milton(约翰.弥尔顿) (13)1.3T HE N EOCLASSICAL P ERIOD(新古典主义时期) (13)1.3.1John Bunyan(约翰.班扬) (14)1.3.2Alexander[͵æliɡ'zɑ:ndə] Pope(亚历山大.蒲柏) (15)1.3.3Daniel['dænjəl] Defoe[di'fəu] (丹尼尔.笛福) (16)1.3.4Jonathan['dӡɔnəθən] Swift(乔纳森.斯威夫特) (17)1.3.5 Henry Fielding(亨利.费尔丁) (17)1.3.6 Samuel['sæmjuəl] Johnson(塞缪尔.约翰逊) (18)1.3.7Richard Brinsley Sheridan(理查.比.谢立丹) (18)1.3.8 Thomas Gray(托马斯.格雷) (19)1.4T HE R OMANTIC P ERIOD(浪漫主义时期) (20)1.4.1William Blake (威兼.布莱克) (20)1.4.2 William Wordsworth(威廉.华兹华斯) (21)1.4.3 Samuel Taylor Coleridge(塞.泰.科勒律治) (22)1.4.4 George Gordon Byron(乔治.戈登.拜伦) (23)1.4.5Percy Bysshe Shelley (波.比.雪莱) (24)1.4.6 John Keats(约翰.济慈) (24)1.4.7 Jane Austen['ɔ:stin] (简.奥斯汀) (25)1.5T HE V ICTORIAN[VIK'TƆ:RIƏN]P ERIOD维多利亚时期 (26)1.5.1 Charles Dickens(查尔斯.狄更斯) (27)1.5.2 The Bronte Sisters(布朗蒂姐妹) (27)1.5.3 Alfred Tennyson['ælfrid] ['tenisn] (阿尔弗雷德.丁尼生) (28)1.5.4 Robert Browning（罗伯特.布朗宁） (29)1.5.5 George Eliot['eljət] (乔治.艾略特) (29)1.5.6 Thomas Hardy(托马斯.哈代) (30)1.6T HE M ODERN P ERIOD(现代主义) (31)1.6.1 George Bernard Shaw(乔治.萧伯纳) (33)1.6.2 John Galsworthy['ɡɔ:lzwə:ði] (约翰.高尔斯华绥) (34)1.6.3 William Butler Yeats[jeits]（威廉.巴特勒.叶芝） (34)1.6.4 T.S. Eliot['eljət]（T.S.埃略特） (35)1.6.5 D.H. Lawrence['lɔrəns] (戴维.伯特.劳伦斯) (36)1.6.6 James Joyce[dӡeimz] [dӡɔis]（詹姆斯.乔伊斯） (37)第二章美国文学 (40)2.1T HE R OMANTIC P ERIOD(浪漫主义时期) (40)2.1.1Washington Irving['ə:viŋ](华盛顿.欧文) (40)2.1.2Ralph Waldo Emerson[rælf] ['wɔ:ldəu]['eməsn] (拉尔夫.华尔多.爱默生) (41)2.1.3Nathaniel Hawthorne[nə'θænjəl] (纳撒尼尔.霍桑) (42)2.1.4 Walt Whitman[wɔ:lt] ['witmən](华尔特.惠特曼) (43)2.1.5 Herman Melville(赫尔曼.麦尔维尔) (44)2.2T HE R EALISTIC P ERIOD(现实主义时期) (45)2.2.1 Mark Twain(马克.吐温) (46)2.2.2 Henry James(亨利.詹姆斯) (47)2.2.3 Emily Dickinson(艾米莉.狄金森) (48)2.2.4 Theodore Dreiser(西奥多.德莱塞) (49)2.3T HE M ODERN P ERIOD(现代时期) (50)2.3.1 Ezra Pound(埃兹拉.庞德) (50)2.3.2 Robert Lee Frost(罗伯特.弗洛斯特) (51)2.3.3 Eugene O’Neill(尤金.奥尼尔) (52)2.3.4 F.Scott Fitzgerald(司各特.菲兹杰拉德) (52)2.3.5 Ernest Hemingway(欧内斯特.海明威) (53)2.3.6 William Faulkner(威廉.福克纳) (54)第一章英国文学1.1上古世纪及中世纪英国文学简介➢古英文学范围：450-1066，罗马征服英国➢古英诗分为两类：宗教类和世俗类➢Beowul(贝奥武夫)，古英国民族史诗例子➢赞扬骑士或其它英雄的浪漫史：中世纪➢乔叟的坎特伯雷集：第一次描写中世纪英国社会现实➢乔叟介绍来自法国的押韵诗节，来代替英国的头韵诗节➢乔叟：英国诗歌之父➢乔叟把角色提到一个立体的高度，有个人独特的气质➢中世纪的英国文学是一个空洞的(barren)时期1、The period of old English literature extends from about 450 to 1066, the yearof the Norman Conquest of England.2、Generally speaking, the Old English poetry that has survived can be dividedinto two groups: the religious group and the secular['sekjulə]世俗的 one. 3、Beowulf[ˈbeɪəˌwʊlf] 贝奥武夫（一个英雄名）, a typical example of Old English poetry, is regarded today as the national epic史诗 of the Anglo-saxons.['æŋɡləu'sæksən][pl. ]盎格鲁撒克逊族(古英国人的一个种族)盎格鲁撒克逊语(又名古代英语Old English)4、Romance浪漫史 which uses narrative['nærətiv]叙述的 verse诗句 or prose散文to sing knightly骑士的 adventures or other heroic[hi'rəuik]deeds is a popular literary form in the medieval[͵medi'i:vəl] period.5、The work that presented, for the first time in English literature, acomprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and createda whole gallery走廊 of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likelyGeoffery Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales.['dӡefrɪ] ♦☞♦☜乔叟的坎特伯雷故事集6、C haucer introduced from France the rhymed stanzas [raim]押韵诗节 of varioustypes to English poetry to replace the old English alliterative verse ə`lɪtərətɪv]adj.头韵的, 头韵体的7、C haucer was called the father of English poetry.7501.2The Renaissance Period(文艺复兴时期)➢文艺复兴时期：中世纪自现代的中间转折期（14世纪到17世纪中叶）➢文艺复兴时期，古罗马和希腊文学的重新发现➢文艺复兴时期的本质：人道主义➢文艺复兴的重大改革：圣经的传播➢文艺复兴的宗教改革：阶段斗争➢英国文学家认为Petrarch彼德拉克是文学的根源➢文艺复兴早期，诗歌和戏剧是最突出的形式，代表人物Ben Johnson, William Shakespeare.➢伊丽莎白戏剧是文艺复兴的主流➢文艺复兴影响英国比较慢，不仅因为英国远离欧洲大陆，还因为英国的内乱➢文艺复兴的本质是人文主义者摒弃封建主义，推动新思想的一场运动➢文艺复兴是英国的文学黄金时期1、The Renaissance marks a transition from the medieval to modern world.Generally, it refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries.2、The Renaissance, which means rebirth or revial, is actually a movementstimulated by a series of historical events, such as the rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture, the new discoveries in geography and astrology占星术, the religious reformation and the economic expansion.3、Humanism is the essence['esns]本质 of Renaissance.人道主义是文艺复兴时期的本质4、One of the major results of Reformation was the fact that the Bible in Englishwas placed in every church and services were held in English so that people could understand.5、T he religious reformation was actually a reflection of the class strugglewaged by the new rising bourgeoisie[͵buəӡwɑ:'zi:]资产阶级 against the feudal 封建的 class and its ideology[͵aidi'ɔlədӡi]观念学6、Petrarch['petr:k] was regarded as the fountainhead根源 of literature byEnglish writers.英国作家认为彼特拉克是文学的根源7、In early stage of the Renaissance, poetry and poetic[pəu'etik]drama were themost outstanding literary forms and they were carried on especially by Shakespeare and Ben Jonson.本-琼森13008、Eliabethan[i͵lizə'bi:θən] drama is the mainstream of the English Renaissance.伊丽莎白时代的戏剧是英国文艺复兴的主流。

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自考《英美文学选读》笔记3（简单版）

Percy Bysshe Shelley （1792-1822） 1792 Shelley was born in an aristocratic family. He was educated at Eton. 1810 18y， he went to Oxford Uni. He attacked war and glorified heroes and heroines of the French revolution. 1811 While in Oxford， he published The Necessity of Atheism in which he doubted the existence of God. As a result，he was expulsed by the university and his conservative father deprived him the heir of Barony and fortune. He went to London where he met Harriet Westbrook who was much younger than him and also came from an aristocratic family. They eloped to Scotland. Poverty finally separated the couple. 1814 He fell in love with Mary Wollstonecraft （daughter of Godwin） and eloped with her to Italy. In Italy， he met Byron with whom he kept a solid friendship. 1816 Harriet committed suicide. Shelley's political enemy attacked him an immoral man. 1818 He exiled himself to Italy and spent the rest of his life there. 1819 Peterloo Massacre happened in Manchester. The event marked a turning point in Shelley's view. Before that， he thought that workers should take up weapons and fights. After the event， he thought they should. Working class's resistance and anti-oppression became a constant theme of him. 1822 At the age of 30， he drowned in a small boat along the coast of Italy. Shelley's Major Works 1813 Queen Mob shows Shelley's social philosophy. 1. He criticizes the rising capitalism and the feudal society. 2. He defends the rights of the labor against their exploiters and oppressors. 3. The story is a fairy tale dream. It's an optimistic poem. Through Queen Mob's words， Shelley shows his philosophy. It's a revolutionary poem in which Shelley declares war on the injustice and violence of the world. （Shelley is a revolutionary poet.） 1819 Prometheus Unbound Prometheus is a god in Greek myth， who steals fire from heaven to help human. Zeus punishes him by hanging him on a cliff and sending eagles to bite his flesh. Aeschylus's Prometheus Bound described how Prometheus steals the fire and his sufferings. At the end， Prometheus reconciled with Zeus. Prometheus Unbound. In Shelley's work Prometheus doesn't comprise with authority （Zeus）。

英美文学考试心得

英美文学考试心得首先我想与大家谈论一下参考书，我看见网上有人询问是否有什么好的参考书。

我总共买了二本参考书，用处不大，浪费时间不少。

只有把课本彻底看透，你才能掌握主要脉络，才会产生PAS 的信心。

仔细对照，你可以看出参考书上无非也是从书上COPY过来，只能让你看一遍参考书，又看一遍书本。

我能理解大家想偷机取巧的想法，参考书必定是比课本薄得多，看上去象精选集，但事实并非如此，实际考题说明一切。

考题不会超大纲，答案自然都在书上。

只不过来年考题会从越来越偏僻角落去选择，所以课本也就越发重要。

我现在都能想象出题老师得意笑容，”我出的题难什么，都在书上"。

当我看完第一遍书时，其过程实在是艰涩痛苦，捏着厚厚书真觉得苦海无涯，望也望不到出头之、［/看完，当然到后面是以翻看形式了，书本捏在手上变得越来越薄了。

我认为以课本为基础，在自己脑海中形成的超薄精选集才是正直实用有效的参考书，在网上是下载不到，书店里也买不到。

你所需要做的是把这课本看懂，读透，翻烂。

I don't want to say this is only choice, butit actually is, and an most direct anc efficient way. Dont find too muchresources,which cant easy your job, but in crease your burde n.我看见许多人说背不出，或怎样背。

大家都是这条路上过来的难兄难弟，多半白天要上班，晚上要背书，有段时间我近似绝望，怀疑自己提早进入老年痴呆症，健忘症。

我不断弄混名字，作品, 时期，英美不分。

就现在考题看来，题型已不是单纯浅显记忆题，而是在此基础上的综合理解题，在今年的部分选择题，简答题里都是这样。

如果不掌握最基本的（纯粹背的），PASS是绝无希望。

在自考英语专业的各门课程中，英美文学选读是及格率较低的一门。

自考英美文学选读_重点总结【英国】Chapter 5 The Modern Period现代时期

【英国】Chapter 5 The Modern Period现代时期1. The once sun-never-set Empire finally collapsed.日不落帝国终于日薄西山了。

2. Arthur Schopenhauer, a pessimistic philosopher, started a rebellion against rationalism, stressing the importance of will and intuition.德国哲学家亚瑟.叔本华的悲观主义与反理性哲学强调了人的意愿与直觉的重要性。

3. Friedrich Nietzsche advocated the doctrines of power and superman and by completely rejecting the Christian morality.尼采继承了叔本华的理论后，更进一步的反叛理性主义与基督教精神，推崇强权与霸权。

4. Henry Bergson established his irrational philosophy, which put the emphasis on creation, intuition, irrationality and unconsciousness.亨利.伯格森在前人基础上创立了非理性哲学，强调创造力，直觉，非理性与无意识。

5. The appalling shock of the First World War severely destroyed people’s faith in the Victorian values.一战的毁灭性灾难摧垮了人们对维多利亚道德标准的信奉。

6. The French symbolism, appearing in the late 19th century, heralded modernism.19世纪晚期法国的象征主义预示了现代主义的诞生。

英美文学选读自考

英美文学选读自考《英美文学选读自考，是挑战还是机遇？》嘿！同学们，你们听说过英美文学选读自考吗？这对我来说，可真是一段特别的经历！刚开始接触这门课程的时候，我就像一只迷路的小羊羔，在茫茫的知识草原上不知所措。

那些密密麻麻的英文原著，还有各种复杂的文学流派和作者，简直让我头大！我心里直犯嘀咕：“这可怎么学呀？我能行吗？”还记得有一次，老师在课堂上讲莎士比亚的作品。

我的天呐！那一堆古英语和复杂的剧情，我听得云里雾里。

我忍不住问旁边的同学：“你能听懂吗？”同学摇摇头说：“我也懵着呢！”这可把我愁坏了，难道我们就这样被这些文学巨著打败啦？不过，我可没那么容易认输！我开始每天早早起床背单词，读原著。

晚上做完作业，还得继续琢磨那些文学理论。

这过程就像爬山，累得气喘吁吁，但我告诉自己，不能停下脚步。

我跟几个一起自考的小伙伴组成了学习小组，我们经常一起讨论问题。

有一次，为了争论简·奥斯汀作品中女主的爱情观，我们争得面红耳赤。

“她怎么能这样选择爱情呢？”“你不懂，这是那个时代的无奈！”大家你一言我一语，热闹极了。

慢慢地，我发现自己不再害怕那些厚厚的书本，反而能从中感受到文学的魅力。

就好像在黑暗中摸索，突然看到了一丝光亮。

那些优美的文字，深刻的思想，就像一个个宝藏，等着我去发掘。

自考的过程中，老师就像我们的引路人。

当我们遇到难题，老师总是耐心地解答，给我们鼓励。

老师说：“孩子们，这就像一场马拉松，坚持下去就能看到终点的美景。

”现在想想，英美文学选读自考，到底是挑战还是机遇呢？我觉得它既是挑战，也是机遇。

它挑战着我们的耐心和毅力，让我们在知识的海洋里奋力前行。

但同时，它也给了我们机会，让我们能深入了解英美文学的精髓，开阔自己的视野，丰富自己的内心世界。

所以呀，同学们，不要害怕挑战，勇敢地去迎接机遇吧！只要我们坚持努力，一定能在英美文学选读自考中收获满满！。

新大纲自考《英美文学选读》笔记总结-背完必过

新大纲自考《英美文学选读》笔记总结-背完必过(总65页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--《英美文学选读》笔记背完必过Part One: English LiteratureAn Introduction to Old and Medieval English LiteratureI Understanding and application: (理解应用)1. England’s inhabitants are Celts. And it is conquered by Romans, Anglo Saxons and Normans. The Anglo-Saxons brought the Germanic language and culture to England, while Normans brought the Mediterranean civilization, including Greek culture, Rome law and the Christian religion. It is the cultural influence of these two conquests that provided the source for the rise and growth of English literature.2. The old English literature extends from about 450 to 1066, the year of the Norman conquest of England.3. The old English poetry that has survived can be divided into two groups: The religious group and the secular one4. Beowulf: a typical example of Old English poetry is regarded as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons. It is an example of the mingling of nature myths and heroic legends.5. After the Norman’s conquest, three languages co-existed in England. French is the official language that is used by king and the Norman lords. Latin is the principal tongue of church affairs and in universities. Old English was spoken only by the common English people.6. In the second half of 14th century, English literature started to flourish with the appearance of writers like Geoffrey Chaucer, William Langland, John Gower, and othersII Recite: (识记再现)1. Romance:①It uses narrative verse or prose to sing knightly adventures or other heroic deeds is a popular literary form in the medieval period.②It has developed the characteristic medieval motifs of the quest, the test, the meeting with the evil giant and the encounter with the beautiful beloved.③The hero is usually the knight, who sets out on a journey to accomplish some missions. There are often mysteries and fantasies in romance.④Romantic love is an important part of the plot in romance.Characterization is standardized, While the structure is loose and episodic, the language is simple and straightforward.⑤The importance of the romance itself can be seen as a means of showing medieval aristocratic men and women in relation to their idealized view of the world.2. Heroic couplet:Heroic couplet is a rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter. It is Chaucer who used it for the first time in English in his work The Legend of Good Woman.3. The theme of Beowulf:The poem presents a vivid picture of how the primitive people wage heroic struggles against the hostile forces of the natural world under a wise and mighty leader. The poem is an example of the mingling of the nature myths and heroic legends.4. The Wife of Bath in The Canterbury Tales:The Wife of Bath is depicted as the new bourgeois wife asserting her independence. Chaucer develops his characterization to a higher artistic level by presenting characters with both typical qualities and individual dispositions.5. Chaucer’s achievement:①He presented a comprehensive realistic picture of his age and created a whole gallery of vivid characters in his works, especially in The Canterbury Tales.②He anticipated a new ear, the Renaissance, to come under the influence of the Italian writers.③He developed his characterization to a higher level by presenting characters with both typical qualities and individual dispositions.④He greatly contributed to the maturing of English poetry. Today, Chaucer’s reputation has beensecurely established as one of the best English poets for his wisdom, humor and humanity.6. “The F ather of English poetry”:Originally, Old English poems are mainly alliterative verses with few variations.①Chaucer introduced from France the rhymed stanzas of various types to English poetry to replace it.②In The Romaunt of the Rose (玫瑰传奇), he first introduced to the English the octosyllabic couplet (八音节对偶句).③In The Legend of Good Women, he used for the first time in English heroic couplet.④And in his masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales, he employed heroic couplet with true ease and charmfor the first time in the history of English literature.⑤His art made him one of the greatest poets in English; John Dryden called him “the father of Englishpoetry”.【例题】The work that presented, for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely ______________. (0704)A. William Langland’s Piers PlowmanB. Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury TalesC. John Gower’s Confession AmantisD. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight【答案】B【解析】本题考查的是中世纪时期几位诗人作品的创作主题和创作范围。

[英语考试]自考英美文学个人笔记心得体会超经典

自考英美文学心得体会

自考英美文学心得体会作为一个非英语专业的自考生，选择了英美文学作为选修课程，确实是一次非常愉快和有收获的学习经历。

通过学习英美文学，我对英美文学的发展历程、作家的创作风格和文学作品的内涵有了更深入的了解和体会。

下面，我将分享自己的心得和体会。

首先，学习英美文学让我对英美文学的发展历程有了更为清晰的认识。

我了解到英美文学起源于古代的民间诗歌和史诗，随着时间的推移，逐渐发展成为包含各个时期和风格的丰富文化瑰宝。

从中世纪的文艺复兴到当代的现代主义和后现代主义，英美文学一直在不断演变和创新。

通过学习不同时期的代表作品，我深刻体会到不同时期的社会背景和文化环境对作品创作和表达方式的影响。

例如，在维多利亚时期，社会的道德观念和伦理价值观对作品中人物的塑造和故事的展开产生了深远影响。

这让我深刻认识到文学作品不仅仅是一种艺术形式，更是反映社会和时代的表达方式。

其次，学习英美文学不仅让我了解到了众多优秀作家的创作风格，更让我受益匪浅。

无论是莎士比亚的戏剧、狄更斯的小说还是弗洛伊德的心理学研究，每个作家都有自己独特的表达方式和创作特点。

通过学习他们的作品，我不仅对英美文学的优秀传统有了更深入的了解，也从中汲取到了一些创作的灵感和技巧。

比如，我学到了如何写一篇更具有张力和冲击力的文章；如何根据角色的特点和背景塑造个性鲜明的形象；如何运用符号、暗示等手法进行隐喻的表达。

这些都是我在学习中获得的宝贵的财富，对我的写作提升起到了积极的促进作用。

最重要的是，通过学习英美文学，我深刻认识到文学作品的内涵和意义，并从中汲取到了一些人生的智慧和启发。

艺术家通过作品展示和探讨了人类生活的意义和困境，引发读者对自己和世界的思考。

通过阅读作品，我们可以感受到作家的心灵触动和情感表达，进而思考人生的意义和价值。

英美文学作为世界文学的重要组成部分，不仅展示了英美人民的文化和思想，更具有普世的人性关怀和思考。

比如，爱默生的《自助》启发我们勇敢面对人生困境，追求自我实现；萨曼塔·霍尔的《爱与幸福的密码》则引导我们思考人际关系和情感交流的重要性。

自考《英美文学选读》笔记1（简单版）

Feature of Romanticism [P161-163] 1. Expressiveness. a. The Romantic period is an age of poetry. The Romantics believed that poetry could purify both individual souls and the society. b. Wordsworth’s theory of poetry is calling for simple themes drawn from humble life expressed in the language of ordinary people. c. The spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings. d. The Romantics believed that object should be the expression of the writer’s emotion， impression and beliefs. 2. Imagination. It is in solitude， in communication with the natural universe， that man can exercise this most valuable of faculties， the imagination. 3. Worship of Nature. Nature is not only the major source of poetic imagery， but also provides the dominant subject matter. 4. To escape from a world that had become excessively rational， as well as excessively materialistic and ugly， the Romantics would turn to other times and places， where the qualities they valued could be convincingly depicted. Lake poet or passive Romantic poet： Wordsworth， Coleridge， Southey - old and conservative. Active Romantic poet： Byron，Shelly， Keats - young and revolutionary. 5. Romantics also tend to be nationalistic， defending the great poets and dramatists of their own national heritage against the advocates of classical rules. 6. Romantic writers are always seeking for the Absolute， the Ideal through the transcendence of the actual. They have also made bold experiments in poetic language， versification and design， and constructed a variety of forms on original principles of organization and style. Political Writing [P164] 1. Leading figures： Coleridge， Hazlitt， Lamb， and De Quincey 2. William Hazlitt （1778-1830） is a great critic on Shakespeare， Elizabethan drama， and English poetry. He is alsoa master of the familiar essays. He has developed an eloquent， courageous and arbitrary prose style. 3. Charles Lam （1775-1844） is a lovable essayist. His essay is a medium for a delightful literary treatment of life’s small pleasures and reassurance. The essential characteristic of his essays is a strong clear intelligence， commanding in its centrality， its courage， and its vital irony. 4. Thomas De Quincey （1785-1859） is one of the keenest intellects of the age. The great literary merit of his Confessions of an English Opium Eater lies in his subtle revelation of the potentiality of human dreams. His concern with the psychological effects of literature achieves. His style， sometimes stately， sometimes headlong， now gorgeous， now musical， shows a harmony between the idea and the expression.hunder which overwhelmed him left heart still unvanquished.der which overwhelmed him left heart still unvanquished. Novelists of the period 1. Jane Austen （1775-1817） She honors the Augustan virtues of moderation， dignity， disciplined emotion and common sense. The major theme of her novels is love and marriage. 2. Walter Scott （1771-1832） is the most popular novelist of his day. His major novels： Waverley， Old Mortality，The Heart of Midlothian， Rob Roy and Ivanhoe. The last 3 are most famous. Importance of Walter Scott： a. In his depiction of Scotland， England， and the Continent from medieval times to the 18th century， he showed a keen sense of political and traditional forces and of their influence on the individual. b. He is the first major historical novelist， exerting a powerful literary influence both in British and on the Continent throughout the 19th century. Gothic Novel It’s a phase of the Romantic Movement. Its principal elements are violence， horror and the supernatural. Gothic Novel： 1. Content： magic， supernatural elements， ghosts， monsters. 2. Setting： old castle， graveyard， dark forest. 3. Atmosphere： horrible. Lake Poet： 1. Wordsworth， Coleridge， Southey. They live in the district of Great Lake， northwestern England. 2. They have radical inclinations in their youth， but later turned conservative and received favors from the Government. 3. They criticize the industrial capitalist society. William Blake （1757-1827） 1757 He was born in an Irish family. His father was a small hosiery businessman. As a child， he was talented in drawing. 1767 At the age of 10， he was sent to a drawing school. 1771 Age of 14， he began his 7-year apprenticeship for an engraver. 1779 He began to earn a living as an engraver. 1780 He married Catherine Boucher. His marriage is a life long happiness. Blake often misunderstood by other people as a gifted but mad man. He wasn’t rich as he spent most of his time on writing and painting. In his time， he wasn’t known as a poet， because his poems were published posthumously. William Blake’s 3 major works 1809 The Songs of Innocence is a lovely volume of poems， presenting a happy and innocent world， though not without its evils and sufferings. Writing style of the poem： He broke completely with the traditions of the 18th century. He experienced in meter and rhyme and introduced bold metrical innovations which could not be found in the poetry of his contemporaries. 1794 The Songs of Experience paints a different world， a world of misery， poverty， disease， war and repression with a melancholy tone. The two books hold the similar subject matter， but the tone emphasis and conclusion differ. e.g. "The Chimney Sweeper" in the two books Difference The Songs of Innocence The Songs of Experience Writing tone Happy and hopeful Bitter and ironical Sweeper Sees duty a hope， if they do their duty， they will live happily in the heaven. Sees duty an exploitation. Religion Identify himself with religion or Christianity. He believes he will gain happiness if he does his duty. Sees the religion or Christianity as the source of misery. The suffering of the child reveals the false ideal of Christianity. Selected reading from William Blake [P171-172] "The Chimney Sweeper" from The Songs of Innocence and The Songs of Experience.。

英美文学读书笔记

竭诚为您提供优质文档/双击可除英美文学读书笔记篇一：英国文学史笔记学习资料英国文学史简介英国文学史简介楼主一、中世纪文学（约5世纪-1485）英国最初的文学同其他国家最初的文学一样，不是书面的，而是口头的。

故事与传说口头流传，并在讲述中不断得到加工、扩展，最后才有写本。

公元5世纪中叶，盎格鲁、撒克逊、朱特三个日耳曼部落开始从丹麦以及现在的荷兰一带地区迁入不列颠。

盎格鲁-撒克逊时代给我们留下的古英语文学作品中，最重要的一部是《贝奥武甫》（beowulf），它被认为是英国的民族史诗。

《贝奥武甫》讲述主人公贝尔武甫斩妖除魔、与火龙搏斗的故事，具有神话传奇色彩。

这部作品取材于日耳曼民间传说，随盎格鲁-撒克逊人入侵传入今天的英国，现在我们所看到的诗是8世纪初由英格兰诗人写定的，当时，不列颠正处于从中世纪异教社会向以基督教文化为主导的新型社会过渡的时期。

因此，《贝奥武甫》也反映了7、8世纪不列颠的生活风貌，呈现出新旧生活方式的混合，兼有氏族时期的英雄主义和封建时期的理想，体现了非基督教日耳曼文化和基督教文化两种不同的传统。

二、文艺复兴时期文学（15世纪后期-17世纪初）相对于欧洲其他国家来说，英国的文艺复兴起始较晚，通常认为是在15世纪末。

文艺复兴时期形成的思想体系被称为人文主义，它主张以人为本，反对中世纪以神为中心的世界观，提倡积极进取、享受现世欢乐的生活理想。

托马斯·莫尔（Thomasmore，1478-1535）是英国最主要的早期人文主义者，他的《乌托邦》（utopia）批评了当时的英国和欧洲社会，设计了一个社会平等、财产公有、人们和谐相处的理想国。

utopia现已成为空想主义的代名词，但乌托邦是作者对当时社会状况进行严肃思考的结果。

《乌托邦》开创了英国哲理幻想小说传统的先河，这一传统从培根的《新大西岛》（thenewAtlantis）、斯威夫特的《格列佛游记》（gulliverstravels）、勃特勒的《埃瑞璜》（erewhon）一直延续到20世纪的科幻小说。

自考英美文学选读要点总结精心整理2

英美文学选读要点总结细心整理[英国』Chapter1 The Renaissance period（14世纪至十七世纪中叶）文艺复兴1. Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance.人文主义是文艺复兴的核心。

2. the Greek and Roman civilization was based on such a conception that man is the measure of all things.人文主义作为文艺复兴的起源是因为古希腊罗马文明的基础是以“人”为中心, 人是万物之灵。

3. Renaissance humanists found in then classics a justification to exalt human nature and came to see that human beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfection, and that the world they inhabited was theirs not to despise but to question, explore, and enjoy.人文主义者们却从古代文化遗产中找到足够的论据, 来赞美人性, 并开始留意到人类是崇高的生命, 人可以不断发展完善自己, 而且世界是属于他们的, 供他们怀疑, 探究以及享受。

4. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanists.托马斯.摩尔, 克利斯朵夫.马洛和威廉.莎士比亚是英国人文主义的代表。

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