分词做状语
现在分词作状语的用法
现在分词作状语的用法现在分词作状语：①现在分词doing所代表的动作或状态与谓语动词是同时或几乎是同时发生的，可以作时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步、伴随等状语。
分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
如：Rushing out of the house, he was knocked down by a car.他一冲出屋子就被一辆车撞倒了。
My cousin went to Shenzhen, hoping to find a jobthere.我表兄去深圳了，希望在那儿找份工作。
The child fell，striking his head against the door.小孩摔了一跤，头在门上碰了一下。
In the last few years, the country has had a hard time, suffering several killer quakes. 过去几年里，这个国家经历了艰难的时期，遭受了几次致命的地震。
Being spring, the flowers are in full bloom.因为是春天，所以花都盛开着。
②有些分词作状语，没有逻辑上的主语，已成为习惯用法：considering, judging from, talking of, allowingfor(考虑到),generally/frankly/honestly/roughly/strictly speaking, assuming that(假设)等。
如：Talking of this film, its wonderful.说到这部电影，好极了。
Assuming that it is true, what should we do now 假定那是真的, 我们现在该怎麽办Judging by the direction of the wind, it wont rain today.根据风向测度, 今天不会下雨。
分词作定语与状语的用法详解
分词作定语与状语的用法详解一、分词作定语的用法分词作定语，指的是分词在句子中修饰名词或代词，起到定语的作用。
分词作定语可以表示被修饰名词的性质、状态、原因、时间、方式等。
下面分别详细介绍不同形式的分词作定语的用法。
1. 现在分词作定语现在分词作定语表示被修饰名词所指代的事物具有某种性质或正在进行的动作。
例如：- A smiling baby (smiling为现在分词) 一个微笑的婴儿- Running water (running为现在分词) 流动的水2. 过去分词作定语过去分词作定语表示被修饰名词所指代的事物具有某种状态或经历过的动作。
例如：- A broken window (broken为过去分词) 破碎的窗户- The lost key (lost为过去分词) 丢失的钥匙3. 进行时的分词作定语进行时的分词作定语表示被修饰名词所指代的事物正在进行的动作或状态。
例如：- A sleeping cat (sleeping为进行时的分词) 睡觉的猫- The running man (running为进行时的分词) 跑步的人二、分词作状语的用法分词作状语，指的是分词在句子中修饰动词、形容词或整个句子，起到状语的作用。
下面分别介绍不同形式的分词作状语的用法。
1. 现在分词作状语现在分词作状语表示伴随动作、时间、原因、方式等。
例如：- He left the room, slamming the door behind him. (slamming为现在分词) 他离开房间时，砰地关上了门。
- Walking slowly, he enjoyed the beautiful scenery. (walking为现在分词) 他慢慢地走着，欣赏着美丽的风景。
2. 过去分词作状语过去分词作状语表示被修饰动词的主语执行动作后的状态或者结果。
例如：- Exhausted by the long journey, she fell asleep immediately. (exhausted 为过去分词) 因为长途旅行累得筋疲力尽，她立刻就睡着了。
分词或分词短语作状语用法
分词或分词短语作状语用法（最新版）编制人：__________________审核人：__________________审批人：__________________编制单位：__________________编制时间：____年____月____日序言下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文，如词性大全、句法大全、句型大全、从句大全、时态大全、语态大全、语法大全、虚拟语气、用法辨析、其他资料等等，想了解不同范文格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor.I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!In addition, this shop provides you with various types of classic sample essays, such as part of speech, syntax, sentence pattern, clause, tense, voice, grammar, subjunctive, usage analysis, other materials, etc. If you want to know the different formats and writing methods of the model essay, please pay attention!分词或分词短语作状语用法㈠分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步（可转换成相应的状语从句）① Put into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.Put into use in April 2000 == When it was put into use in April 2000（时间状语）② Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network == Because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network（原因状语）③ Given time, he'll make a fist-class tennis player.（条件状语）Given time == If he is given time④ Left at home, John didn't feel afraid at all.Left at home == Although he was left （让步状语）表示方式，伴随状况或结果（可以转换成并列句或非限制性定语从句）① We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, thinking that all children like these things.thinking that all children like these things.== and think that all children like these things.（伴随状语）② He earns a living driving a truck.driving a truck == by driving a truck. （方式状语）高考对分词用作方式状语考得③ He fired, killing one of the passers-by.He fired and killed one of the passers-by. （结果状语）④ He died, leaving his wife with five children.He died and left his wife with five children. （结果状语）⑤ It rained and rained, vehicles bogged and bridges washed out.It rained and rained, and vehicles were bogged and bridges were washed out. （结果状语）㈡有时为了强调，分词前会加when, while, if, unless, once, though, even if, as if 等连词一起作状语When comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences.Though tired, he still continued reading.Once published， this book will be popular with the students.㈢分词(短语) 与主语的关系主语一致：分词短语的动作由主句主语发出。
分词短语作状语讲解
分词短语作状语
【知识点解析】
四、用作让步状语 [典型例句] Living miles away, he attended the course. 虽然住在几英里以外，他仍去上课。 Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 虽然被击败了，他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。 [理解技巧]分词(短语)用作让步状语通常可转换成由从属连 词though, although, no matter…等引导的让步状语从句，如： Although he lived miles away, he attended the course. Thought he was defeated, he remained a popular boxer.
_____ a record US$ 57.65 a barrel on April 4. (2005山东卷)
A. have reached B. reaching
C. to reach
D. to be reaching
【答案】B 【解析】此句也可换成：Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year and reache【知识点解析】
[高考实例] (1) ______ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (2006四川卷) A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face
【答案】A 【解析】 faced with so much trouble可转换成原因状语从句because we were faced with so much trouble.
现在分词用作状语(九类)
现在分词用作状语（九类）现在分词用作状语（九类）现在分词作状语时，可以表示谓语动作的时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随、目的、程度和结果。
比如:(1) 作时间状语Being given a chance, she immediately jumped at it. 给了她这个机会，她立刻抓住。
Seeing the police, he made a run for the exit. 一看到警察他就向出口奔去。
Passing the place, my sense of oppression increased. 经过那地方，我的压抑感便越发厉害。
(2) 作原因状语Being well taken care of, she recoveredquickly.() 她受到很好的照顾，身体恢复得很快。
Writing hurriedly as she was, she didn’t notice the spelling errors. 因为写得仓促，她没有注意其中的拼写错误。
Stepping carelessly off the pazement, he was knocked down by the bus. 他不小心离开了人行道，被公共汽车撞倒了。
(3) 作条件状语Being advised to talk less, Mary keeps silent while we talk. 要是叫她少说点，当我们说话的时候，玛丽就会保持沉默。
It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays. 把路上的耽搁算进去，你要用半小时才能到车站。
Being defeated in every battle, the enemy will soon surrender. 要是敌人每场战斗都被打败，那他们就会投降。
现在分词作状语
现在分词作状语如果现在分词表示的是主句动作的方式或手段，可以用作方式状语。
这时分词通常放在主句谓语动词之后。
例如：①He drove to the airport，listening to the。
all the way.他一路听着收音机，开车去了机场。
②She sat at the table，XXX.她坐在桌前写信。
③He solved the problem，using a new method.他用一种新方法解决了这个问题。
④The children ran out of the classroom，XXX.孩子们边跑边笑着喊着走出教室。
三、作原因状语现在分词有时可表示主句动作的原因，这时分词放在主句谓语动词之前，其前常加上连词because或owing to。
例如：①Being tired，he went to bed early.由于累了，他早早上床睡觉了。
②Owing to the heavy rain，the game was put off.由于下大雨，比赛被推迟了。
③Because of having missed the train，he was XXX.因为误了火车，他开会迟到了。
四、作让步状语现在分词有时可表示主句动作的让步，这时分词放在主句谓语动词之前，其前常加上连词though或although。
例如：①Though tired，he went on working.虽然累了，他还是继续工作。
②Although having failed many times，he didn't give up.虽然失败了很多次，他没有放弃。
③Though XXX，he still made the mistake.虽然老师警告过他，他还是犯了错误。
五、作条件状语现在分词有时可表示主句动作的条件，这时分词放在主句谓语动词之前，其前常加上连词if或unless。
例如：①If left alone，the baby will cry.如果不理睬它，婴儿会哭的。
现在分词作状语
现在分词作状语现在分词短语可以用作状语，修饰句子中由谓语表示的主要动作。
这个状语可以表示动作发生的时间、原因、结果、条件、或表示主要动作发生的伴随情况，通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。
一般说来，这种结构的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
一、作时间状语 如果现在分词的动作和主谓语的动作同时发生，分词用一般式，有时其前可以加上连词while或when。
例如：①Hearing the news，they all jumped with joy.② Walking slowly across the grass，he pointed the gun at the lion and fired. ③One day，while walking along the sands towards his boat，Crusoe saw in the sand the mark of a man's foot. 如果现在分词的动作结束之后，谓语动词的动作才发生，现在分词应用完成式。
这时分词所表示的动作有一定的持续性。
例如： ① Having watered the flowers，he began to cut the grass. ② Having eaten his dinner，the boy rushed out. ③Hearing the footstep below(＝When he heard the footstep below)，he rose and went to the top of the stairs.④ Seeing a large cake flying through the air，the driver pulled up quickly.注：①分词动作一发生，谓语动作紧跟着发生，这时用现在分词的一般式作时间状语，其逻辑主语为句中的主语。
常用的动词，如：hear, see, arrive, return, get to, look, open, close, leave, turn around, walk等，表示一个极短暂动作。
现在分词作状语例句
现在分词作状语例句现在分词作状语是英语句子结构中常用的一种修辞方式，它能够为句子增加语气，使句子更加生动明快。
现在分词作状语在句子中有着重要的地位，它通常表示现在正在发生的动作或状态，能够更好地起到强调的作用。
那么，什么是现在分词作状语呢？简单地讲，就是在句子中用现在分词来表示时间、状态、动作等，并且在句子中充当状语。
在英语句子中，现在分词一般会以动词原形加上ing形式组成，如working、building、talking等，有时也会添加前缀，如undertaking、overhearing等。
现在分词作状语的用法也是很多的，例如在句子中可以作状语表示现在正在发生的动作。
例如：We are walking along the river.（我们正在河边散步。
）表示的是现在正在进行的动作，也就是walking。
此外，现在分词作状语也可以表示现在正在发生却未完成的动作，比如He is writing an essay.（他正在写一篇文章。
）这句话说明此时正在进行的动作是writing，说明活动还未完成。
另外，现在分词作状语还可以表示一种特殊的短暂动作，例如：He stopped talking immediately.（他立即停止说话。
）这句话表示的是stopping，即突然停止的一瞬间的动作。
现在分词作状语还可以表示一种特殊的状态，如：The teacher was sitting in silence.（老师静静地坐着。
）这里使用的是sitting，表示的是老师此时正在保持安静的状态。
最后，现在分词作状语还可以表示一种持续性的状态，例如：The girl is wearing a red dress.（这个女孩穿着一件红色的连衣裙。
）表示的是wearing，即长时间持续一段时间的状态。
综上所述，现在分词作状语在英语句子中起到至关重要的作用，它能够为句子增加语气，使句子更加生动明快，使句子更加有力。
现在分词做状语
语法一：现在分词做状语现在分词（动词的ing 形式）做状语时，通常都表示主语正在进行的另一动作，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致，且必须与句子的主语是逻辑上的主谓关系；动词的ing形式表示的动作是次要动作。
现在分词可以做时间，条件，结果，让步，方式等状语。
相当于相应的状语从句。
作时间，原因或条件时，通常位于主句前面，作方式，伴随或结果状语时，通常位于主句后面。
如果分词所表示的动作和谓语的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生，用现在分词的一般式。
如果分词动作明显在谓语动词之前发生，用现在分词的完成式。
（having done）,在作时间状语的分词前，可加连词while, when，介词after, before, on等。
一. 做伴随状语：分词等于and连接两个动词或分句。
1：The dog came in. It followed its master. =The dog came in, following its master.2：The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.3：They stood there for an hour, watching the game.二.原因状语相当于as, since, because等引起的原因状语从句，常位于句首,句中或句末。
1. He was a brave man. He decided to return to France. = Being a brave man, he decided to return to France.2：Seeing nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.3：No t knowing her address, we couldn‟t get in touch with her.4：Being so poor in those days, we couldn‟t afford to send the boy to hospital.5．Having worked among the peasants for many years, he knew them very well.6. Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter.三.时间状语，相当于when, while ,as 等引导的时间状语从句，常位于句首或句末。
分词作状语的使用技巧
分词作状语的使用技巧分词是英语语法中较为重要的一个部分，分词短语被广泛应用于英语写作中的各个方面，尤其是作状语。
分词短语作为状语的主要作用是修饰谓语动词，并指明动作发生的情况。
以下是分词作状语的使用技巧。
1. 分词短语放在句首或句尾，可以强调该分词短语所表达的含义。
例如：Walking along the street, he suddenly stopped.（他沿街走着，突然停住了。
）2. 如果分词短语和句子主语之间是主动关系，应该使用现在分词；如果分词短语和句子主语之间是被动关系，应该使用过去分词。
例如：The girl sitting next to me is my sister.（坐在我旁边的女孩是我的妹妹。
）I was impressed by the book written by him.（我被他写的那本书打动了。
）3. 如果两个动作同时发生，应该使用现在分词；如果其中一个动作先于另一个动作发生，应该使用过去分词。
例如：Feeling happy, he started to dance.（他感到很开心，开始跳舞了。
）Havingfinished his homework, he went to bed.（他做完作业后，就去睡觉了。
）4. 分词短语作状语时，要注意和谓语动词的时态保持一致。
例如：Having studied English for five years, he has made great progress.（他已经学了五年英语，进展很大。
）总之，分词作状语是英语写作中常用的修辞手段之一。
熟练掌握分词短语的使用技巧，能够使英语写作更加富有变化和表现力。
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5.It raining, I went to work with an umbrella.
II.名词普通格（代词主格）+ 过去分词
1.His tea finished, he went on with his work.（时间） 2.His homework done, he went to watch the game. 3.His leg badly hurt, he had to be sent to hospital. （原因）
5.现在分词作结果状语： （多用于句尾）
Her husband died in 1942, leaving her with five children. The bus was held up by snowstorm, thus causing the delay.
Note: 现在分词表示必然结果，前可加thus； 不定式表意外的结果，前可加only.
注意：分词作状语的几个特性。
①时间性。与谓语动词同时发生或几乎同时 发生，用一般式；如发生在谓语动作之前 时，则用完成式。
②语态性。与句子的主语之间的关系，是主 谓关系，用主动形式；如果是动宾关系， 则用被动形式。
③人称一致性。一致的话，省略逻辑主语； 不一致的话，用独立主格。
形式
△ 现在分词：
现在分词作状语
现在分词作状语： 时间，原因，条件，让步，结果，伴随方式
形式
△ 现在分词：
一般式 完成式
主动形式
doing having done
被动形式
being done having been done
△ 过去分词只有一种形式 --- done
否定形 式
△ 现在分词：
一般式 完成式
主动形式
先后顺序
动宾关系
3.Being struck by the heavy storm, they felt helpless.
同时发生，但前者正在进行
规律总结：
分 词
doing
非谓语和主句主 语的主被关系
主谓关系
having
done
主谓关系
done
being done having been done
（作宾语）
10.I went to see you. （作目的状语）
11.He went so early as to see you
（作结果状语）
• 12.Swimming is his favourite sport. (作主语） • 13.He enjoys swimming. (作宾语） • 14.I found him swimming in the river. (作宾补） • 15.His favourite sport is swimming. (作表语） • 16.He is the man swimming in the river just now. • 17. Swimming in S(u作mm定e语r ,w）e can get cool.
主句动作之间有着明显的时间/逻辑上的先后，或因果关系，
且隐含having been done的动作不会再进行的意味。
2. done做状语时，更多时候强调的是一个可以延续的状态，而
非谓语动词讲解
Nonfinite Verbs
动词不定式
非
谓 语
动名词
动
词
分词
现在分词 过去分词
概述：
1.谓语动词： 在句子中担任谓语的动词 是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作
2. 非谓语动词：除谓语外的所有成分
非谓语动词使用条件
一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）, 又没 有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。
Traveling by jeep, we visited a number of cities. Following the guide, they started to climb.
Note: 在用分词短语作状语时, 它逻辑上的主语一般必
须与句子的主语一致, 如不一致则要加上它自己逻辑上
的主语, 这种结构称为: 独 立 主 格 结 构
一般式 完成式
主动形式
doing having done
被动形式
being done having been done
△ 过去分词只有一种形式 --- done
作状语时
动宾关系
Seen from the moon, the earth looks like a blue ball.
同时发生
主动关系
Working in the factory, he learned a lot from the workers. Having read the letter, she got very excited.
注①：现在分词作时间,原因状语：
如果分词所表示的动作和谓语的动作同时发生或几乎 同时发生，用现在分词的一般式。
2.现在分词作原因状语：
Seeing nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.
Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
注： Having worked among the peasants for many years,
被动形式
not doing
not being done
not having done not having been done
△ 过去分词的否定 --- not done
现在分词作状语
1.作时间状语：
While I was walking in the street, I saw Tom. → Walking in the street, I saw Tom.
可加连词while, when， 介词after, before,on.
Be careful when crossing the street. Don’t mention this while talking to him.
On arriving in London, he managed to get in touch with her. =As soon as he arrived in London, ….
(作状语）
分词：Participles
一 分词的概述
1. 分词是“非谓语动词”的另一种形式，它有两种形式： 现在分词（Present Participle）
和 过去分词（Past Participle）。 2. 现在分词：doing
过去分词：规则动词 V+ed 不规则动词
3.分词在句中起形容词和副词的作用。在句中 作表语、定语状语和宾语补足语。
She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.
She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.
1 The teachers sitting there are
主语
定语
连系动词
from other schools. 表语
动宾关系 （被动关系）
动宾关系
动宾关系
非谓语和主句谓语的动词 位置 在时间上的关系
（基本）同时发生
在主句前/ 后
前者先于后者发生 在主句前/ 后
前者在后者之前， 之后或同时发生
同时发生
在主句前/ 后
在主句前
前者先发生
在主句前
having been done 和 done 做状语时的区别
1. having been done一般强调被动的动作，而且该动作必须和
4.The report read, discussion began.
III.名词普通格（代词主格）+ (being) +adj.(adv. / prep-phrase /n . /to do)
1.Everything (being) ready, they started out. 2.The meeting(being) over,we all left the hall. 3.WuSong beat the tiger to death, two fists (being) his only weapon.. 4.Gun in hand, the soldiers ran up the hill. 5.Here are the first two volumes, the third one to come out next month.
4.现在分词作让步状语：
Although she believed that her son would come back, she never saw him in the end. → Believing that her son would come back, she never saw him in the end.
He was caught in the rain, thus making himself catch cold.
I hurried to school, only to find that it was Sunday.
6.现在分词作伴随方式状语：
She came running towards me. The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily. They stood there for an hour ,watching the game. She sat at the desk reading a newspaper.