2018广州市一模文综地理试题与答案(word版)
绝密★启用前试卷类型：A
2018年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试<一）
文科综合地理试题2018．3．14 本试卷共11页，41小题，满分300分.考试用时150分钟.
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必用2B铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号，用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己所在地市、县／区、学校，以及自己地姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号
填写在答题忙上.用2B铅笔将试卷类型<A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上.
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项地答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上.
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来地答案，然后再写上新地答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液.不按以上要求作答地答案无效.
4．考生必须保持答题卡地整洁.考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回.
一、选择题：本题共11小题，每小题4分，共44分.每小题给出地四个选项
中，只有一个选项符合题目要求.
1．以下是2018年某时段穗、港、澳三地地天气状况，影响三地气温日较差差异地最主要因素是
A．纬度 B．地形 C．城市规模D．海陆位置
2018年12月初，“嫦娥三号”卫星从西昌卫星发射中心发射，首次获得月球降落区和巡视区地地形、地貌、地质构造等地理环境信息.完成2～3题.
2．影响月球表面环境最主要地外力作用是
A．风化作用 B．侵蚀作用 C．搬运作用 D．沉积作用
3．由于月球地黄赤交角只有1°32′，远小于地球地23°26′，所以月球表面环境
A．昼夜温差小 B．不会产生极昼、极夜现象
C．季节变化小D．没有太阳直射现象
4．影响图示人口流动地最主要因素是
图1 2018年2月11日广东流入人口示意图
A．探亲 B．旅游C．打工 D．物流
5．该河流最主要地补给类型是
我国某河流上、中游流量比较示意图A．雨水 B．冰川融水C．湖泊水D．季节性积雪融水
6．2018年国务院批准在贵阳和安顺两城市之间成立贵安新区，这是城市化发展中地
A．城市一体化
B．再城市化
C．逆城市化
D．中心城市化
图3 贵安新区区位示意图读“2005～2009年间制造业份额变化图”，完成7～8题.
图5我国某自然灾害分布示意图<2000年）
7．我国制造业分布变化地趋势是 A ．集聚沿海 B ．西进北上 C ．东进南拓 D ．挺进三北
8．引起这种变化地最主要区位因素是 A ．市场需求 B ．技术水平 C ．劳力价格 D ．自然资源
9．图中反映地自然灾害是 A ．台风 B ．干旱 C ．寒潮 D ．风沙
10．造成该城市郊区农业种植模式地最
可能因素是
图6 某城市郊区农业作物分布示意图
A ．劳动力
B ．光热条件
C ．农业技术
D ．市场需求 11．影响我国城市空气污染分布<见右图）地最主要区位因素是 A ．城市化水平 B ．工业结构 C ．植被覆盖率 D ．地形地势
二、非选择题：本题共2小题，共56分.
40．<30分）爱尔兰是一个岛国，国土面积小，人口少<446万）.它是世界上受教育程度最高地国家之一，这也极大地促进了其经济地繁荣和创造力.20世纪80年代以来，爱尔兰完成了由农牧经济向知识经济地跨越.分析以下材料，完成<1）～<5）题.
材料一：爱尔兰区位示意图和出口贸易额占GDP比重示意图.
爱尔兰区位示意图2003～2009年爱尔兰出口贸易额占GDP地比重材料二：爱尔兰经济发展模式示意图.
爱尔兰经济发展模式示意图
<1）爱尔兰位于①<东、西）半球；农业地域类型属于②.<4分）
<2）爱尔兰风能资源丰富，主要分布在①地区.爱尔兰经济最主要地特点是
②.<4分）
<3）爱尔兰与我国东北北部纬度位置相当，但冬季气温却高出30多度，请分析其原因.<6分）
<4）若同一外资在爱尔兰和中国投资建厂，试分析其类型地差异及原因.<8分）
<5）试分析爱尔兰经济近年来停滞不前、波动性较大地原因，并指出其经济可持续发展地对策.<8分）
41．<26分）近十年来，中国革命地“红都”——志丹县，面对“群山恶水”，奋发图强，实现了由贫困县向西部百强县、陕西十强县地历史巨变.阅读以下材料，完成<1）～<4）题.
材料一：陕西省志丹县地理位置示意图.
志丹县地理位置示意图
材料二：1997～2010年志丹县工业产值以及生态环境、经济与社会指数变化示意图.
志丹县工业产值变化示意图志丹县生态环境、经济与社会指数变化示意图<1）这里地“群山”是指①；“恶水”是指②.<6分）
<2）志丹县自然带属于由①向②地过渡地带.<4分）
<3）试指出志丹县从农业向工业经济转型地过渡时期，并分析促使其转型地原因.<6分）
<4）指出志丹县生态环境、经济与社会指数地变化趋势，并从可持续发展角度，指出志丹县综合整治地措施.<10分）
文科综合·地理试题参考答案及评分标准
一、选择题
40．<30分）
<1）①东②乳畜业<每空2分，共4分.）
<2）①西部沿海②对外依赖严重<知识型产业）<每空2分，共4分，若答案合理，可酌情给分，但不能超过本小题总分）
<3）岛国<四面环海，受大西洋影响大）；地处西风带；<北大西洋）暖流影响<每点2分，共6分，若答案合理，可酌情给分，但不能超过本小题总分）
<4）爱尔兰：知识密集型产业，主要区位因素是人才<环境）；中国：劳动密集型产业，主要区位因素是丰富廉价地劳力和市场<中国和爱尔兰产业类型各分2，共4分；中国和爱尔兰区位因素区每点2分，共4分，若答案合理，可酌情给分，但不能超过本小题总分）
<5）全球金融危机和国际市场变化<2分）；开发国内市场，拉动内需；拓展新兴市场，增加出口<除欧盟外市场）；发展多元化产业<如旅游、外向型教育产业等等）<每点2分，共6分，若答案合理，可酌情给分，但不能超过本小题总分）41．<26分）
<1）①黄土高原水土流失，形成千沟万壑、崎岖不平地丘陵<4分）
②只流沙，不流水地含沙量大地黄河支流<2分）
<2）①森林带②草原带<每空2分，不分顺序）
<3）转型时期：2002～2006年<2分）；
原因：石油资源地开采以及相关产业地发展；农产品加工产业地兴起和发展<4分）<若答案合理，可酌情给分，但不能超过本小题总分）
<4）发展趋势：总体波动、良性协调发展<每点2分，共4分，若答案合理，可酌情给分，但不能超过本小题总分）
措施和方法：退耕还林、还草；积极建设三北防护林、水土保持林、风沙林；改变工业过于单一地局面，延长石油产业链，大力发展农产品加工工业和其他产业；减少石油开采和加工对植被地破坏，加强治理三废，减少环境污染；开展河流治沙、治水工程.<每点2分，共6分，若答案合理，可酌情给分，但不能超过本小题总分）
申明：
所有资料为本人收集整理，仅限个人学习使用，勿做商业用途.。
广东省广州市2018届高三4月综合测试(二模)文综地理---精校解析Word版
8. 1946～1964年美国出生婴儿高达7600万人，这个群体被称为“婴儿潮一代”，随着“婴儿潮一代”步入中年期，美国人口增长特点转变为稳定增长，所以C正确。
10. 利用太阳能的最佳方式是光伏转换，就是利用光伏效应，使太阳光射到硅材料上产生电流直接发电，光伏板能够降低风速，减少蒸发，促使土地生产力恢复，所以A正确。
11. 光伏发电是根据光生伏特效应原理，利用太阳能电池将太阳光能直接转化为电能，草场恢复使得沙尘减少，晴天增多，促使光伏发电量大增，光伏发电量大小跟蒸发、湿度、气温、地温关联不大，所以C正确。
(2018年广州一模文科-)有答案
秘密★启用前 试卷类型： A2018年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）文科数学2018．3本试卷共5页，23小题，满分150分。
测试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，用2B 铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号，并将试卷类型（A ）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答无效。
4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
测试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的． 1．设复数z 满足()2i =1i z -，则复数z 的共轭复数z =AA ．2-B ．2C ．2i -D ．2i2．设集合{}=0,1,2,3,4,5,6A ，{}=2,B x x n n A =∈，则A B =CA ．{}0,2,4B ．{}2,4,6C ．{}0,2,4,6D ．{}0,2,4,6,8,10,123．已知向量()2,2OA =，()5,3OB =，则OA AB =- CA ．10B 10C 2D ．24．等差数列{}n a 的各项均不为零，其前n 项和为n S ，若212n n n aa a ++=+，则21=n S + AA ．42n +B ．4nC ．21n +D ．2n5．执行如图所示的程序框图，则输出的S =DA ．920B ．49C ．29D ．9406．在四面体ABCD 中，E F ，分别为AD BC ，的中点，AB CD =， ABCD ，则异面直线EF 和AB 所成角的大小为BA ．π6B ．π4C ．π3D ．π2是 否开始结束输出S 19?n ≥2,0n S ==2n n =+()1+2S S n n =+7．已知某个函数的部分图象如图所示，则这个函数的分析式可能是DA ．ln y x x =B ．ln 1y x x x =-+C ．1ln 1y x x =+-D ．ln 1xy x x=-+- 8．椭圆22194x y +=上一动点P 到定点()1,0M 的距离的最小值为BA ．2B ．455C ．1D ．2559．如图，网格纸上小正方形的边长为1，粗线画出的是某个几何体的三视图，则该几何体的表面积为A A ．104223++ B ．1442+ C ．44223++D ．410．已知函数()sin 6f x x ωπ⎛⎫=+⎪⎝⎭()0ω>在区间43π2π⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦，上单调递增，则ω的取值范围为B A ．80,3⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦B ．10,2⎛⎤⎥⎝⎦C ．18,23⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦D ．3,28⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦11．已知数列{}n a 满足12a =，2121n n n a a a +=+，设11n n n a b a -=+，则数列{}n b 是D A ．常数列B ．摆动数列C ．递增数列D ．递减数列12．如图，在梯形ABCD 中，已知2AB CD =，2=5AE AC ，双曲线 过C ，D ，E 三点，且以A ，B 为焦点，则双曲线的离心率为AA ．7B ．22C ．3D ．10DC ABE图②图①二、填空题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分．13．已知某区中小学学生人数如图所示．为了解该区学生参加某项社会实践活动的意向，拟采用分层抽样的方法来进行调查．若高中需抽取20名学生， 则小学和初中共需抽取的学生人数为 85 名．14．若x ，y 满足约束条件230,10,10x y x y -+--⎧⎪⎨⎪⎩≤≤≥，则z x y =-+的最小值为 0 ．15．我国南宋数学家杨辉所著的《详解九章算术》一书中，用图①的数表列出了一些正整数在三角形中的一种几何排列，俗称“杨辉三角形”，该数表的规律是每行首尾数字均为1，从第三行开始，其余的数字是它“上方”左右两个数字之和．现将杨辉三角形中的奇数换成1，偶数换成0，得到图②所示的由数字0和1组成的三角形数表，由上往下数，记第n 行各数字的和为n S ，如11S =，22S =，32S =，44S =，……，则32S = 32 ．16．已知函数()()21,1,ln 2,1x x xf x x x +⎧<-⎪=⎨⎪+-⎩≥，()224g x x x =--．设b 为实数，若存在实数a ，使得()()1f a g b +=成立，则b 的取值范围为 ．37,22⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦三、解答题：共70分．解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．第17～21题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须做答．第22、23题为选考题，考生根据要求做答． （一）必考题：共60分． 17．（本小题满分12分）△ABC 的内角A ，B ，C 的对边分别为a ，b ，c ，已知21=a ，1=-b c ，△ABC的外接圆半径为7． （1）求角A 的值； （2）求△ABC 的面积． 18．（本小题满分12分）某地1~10岁男童年龄i x （岁）和身高的中位数i y ()cm ()1,2,,10i =如下表：x （岁）1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 y ()cm76.588.596.8104.1111.3117.7124.0130.0135.4140.2对上表的数据作初步处理，得到下面的散点图及一些统计量的值．xy()1021x x i i ∑-= ()1021y y i i ∑-= ()()101x x y y ii i ∑--=5.5 112.45 82.50 3947.71 566.85（1）求y 关于x 的线性回归方程（回归方程系数精确到0.01）；（2）某同学认为，2y px qx r =++更适宜作为y 关于x 的回归方程类型，他求得的回归方程是20.3010.1768.07y x x =-++．经调查，该地11岁男童身高的中位数为145.3cm ．和（1）中的线性回归方程比较，哪个回归方程的拟合效果更好？附：回归方程y a bx =+中的斜率和截距的最小二乘估计公式分别为： ，a y bx =-．19．（本小题满分12分）如图，四棱锥P ABCD -中，底面ABCD 为矩形，点E 在线段PA 上，PC 平面BDE ．（1）求证：AE PE =；（2）若△PAD 是等边三角形，2AB AD =， 平面PAD ⊥平面ABCD ，四棱锥P ABCD -的 体积为93，求点E 到平面PCD 的距离．20．（本小题满分12分）已知两个定点()1,0M 和()2,0N ，动点P 满足2PN PM =． （1）求动点P 的轨迹C 的方程；（2）若A ，B 为（1）中轨迹C 上两个不同的点，O 为坐标原点．设直线OA ，OB ，AB 的斜率分别为1k ，2k ，k ．当123k k =时，求k 的取值范围． 21．（本小题满分12分）已知函数()e 1xf x ax a =-+-．（1）若()f x 的极值为e 1-，求a 的值；（2）若),[+∞∈a x 时，()0f x ≥恒成立，求a 的取值范围．P ABCDE()()()121nx x y yi i i b n x x i i =--∑=-∑=（二）选考题：共10分．请考生在第22、23题中任选一题作答．如果多做，则按所做的第一题计分． 22．（本小题满分10分）选修4－4：坐标系和参数方程已知过点(),0P m 的直线l 的参数方程是3,21,2x m y t ⎧=+⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩（t 为参数），以平面直角坐标系的原点为极点，x 轴的正半轴为极轴，建立极坐标系，曲线C 的极坐标方程为2cos ρθ=．（1）求直线l 的普通方程和曲线C 的直角坐标方程；（2）若直线l 和曲线C 交于A ，B 两点，且2PA PB ⋅=，求实数m 的值． 23．（本小题满分10分）选修4－5：不等式选讲已知函数()f x =23x a x b ++-．（1）当1a =，0b =时，求不等式()31f x x +≥的解集；（2）若0a >，0b >，且函数()f x 的最小值为2，求3a b +的值．。
广东省五校(珠海二中、深圳二高、阳一中、肇庆一中、真光中学)高三文综(地理部分)1月联考试题(含解析
广东省五校（珠海二中、深圳二高、阳春一中、肇庆一中、真光中学）2018届高三文综（地理部分）1月联考试题第Ⅰ卷本卷共35小题，每小题4分，共140分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
清华大学建筑设计研究院设计的第四代城市住房，又称之为城市森林花园。
第四代城市住房主要特征是，每一层楼房都有一个公共院落、私人小院和一块几十平米的土地，可供住户种花种菜、遛狗养鸟，也可将车停放在自家门口，建筑外墙长满植被，人与自然和谐共生。
左图为第四代住房（该楼共20层）的中低层——第8楼层的平面设计图（一层十户），右图为其植物外墙景观图。
据此回答下面小题。
1. 城市森林花园的设计，将（）A. 大幅降低楼房建造成本B. 有利于增加城市绿化面积，改善人居环境C. 有利于缓解中心商务区停车难的问题D. 有利于加强城市风，缓解城市热岛效应2. 若该设计率先在成都建成并投入使用，且整栋楼周围无其它高大建筑影响，则关于该高层住宅8层的相关户型选房观点合理的是（）A. 夏季午后，810住户受暴晒程度比806少B. 春分日，804住户受807住户遮挡不便观赏日出C. 隆冬季节，801住户受冷空气影响较810住户小D. 冬至日，809住户的庭院获得的光照时间较802住户少3. 关于植物外墙的说法，正确的是（）A. 基质层的主要作用是控制雨水下渗的速度B. 砾石层的主要作用是增大昼夜温差，促进植被生长C. 植被层的作用主要是截留水分，涵养水源D. 屋顶保护层的主要作用是防止水分下渗和根系向下发育【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D【解析】1. 城市森林花园的建设不能够大幅降低建造成本，A错；城市森林花园可以增加城市绿化面积，改善环境质量，B对；该设计为第四代城市住房，主要影响住宅区，对中心商务区停车问题影响不大，C错；城市森林花园的设计，使得城市建筑外墙长满植被，可以有效缓解城市热岛效应，城郊之间的温度差异减小，城市风减弱，D错。
2018届高三一模地理试题含答案
北京市朝阳区高三年级第一次综合练习文科综合能力测试2018.3（考试时间150分钟 满分300分）第一部分（选择题，满分140分）本部分共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。
元宵节和端午节是中国的两个传统节日，吃元宵、赏花灯，以及吃粽子、赛龙舟分别是这两个节日的民间习俗。
元宵和粽子都是以稻米为原料制成的节令食品。
图1为我国双季稻主要适宜种植区分布图。
回答第1、2题。
1. 对于北京而言A. 端午节后即进入多雨季节B. 元宵节时的昼长比广州长C. 元宵节的日出时刻比端午节早D. 端午节的正午太阳高度比元宵节大 2. 据图可知A ．双季稻种植的主要影响因素是饮食习惯B ．M 界线西段折向西南主要受海拔影响C ．N 界线内种植双季稻的优势条件是光照充足D ．对双季稻生长影响最大的自然灾害是寒潮图2为局部地区某时海平面气压分布图。
读图，回答第3、4题。
3. 在图中天气系统影响下，最可能出现的景象是A ．北风卷地白草折B ．映日荷花别样红C ．万条垂下绿丝绦D ．黄梅时节家家雨 4. 此时A ．最强高压中心位于西伯利亚B ．渤海海域可能发布海浪预警C ．京津地区即将迎来大幅降温D ．陕西北部天气不利于污染物扩散双季稻适宜种植区 MN 图1 图2泰国苏梅岛（9°N ，100°E ）面积约247平方千米。
北京的地理老师小王和他的朋友小李春节期间到苏梅岛旅游。
图3为小王手绘的苏梅岛地图以及二人的对话。
据此，回答第5、6题。
5.苏梅岛A.属于热带雨林气候B.11月至次年4月是当地的旅游旺季C.盛产柑橘、葡萄等水果D.手绘地图的比例尺约为1:30000 6.图中A.西侧为沙质海岸，东侧为礁石海岸B.东侧受地形影响，公路离海较远C.酒店区的优势区位因素是旅游资源D.影响码头选址的主要因素是市场光伏发电是将光能直接转变为电能的一种技术，其关键原件是太阳能电池，图4为光伏设备生产流程图。
2018广州市高三年级调研测试文科综合试题及参考答案.docx
秘密★启用前试卷类型： A 2018 届广州市高三年级调研测试文科综合本试卷 15 页，47 小题，满分 300 分。
考试用时150 分钟。
注意事项： 1. 本试卷分第 I 卷（选择题）和第II 卷（非选择题）两部分。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用 2B 铅笔在答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。
2.作答第 I 卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
写在本试卷上无效。
3.第 II 卷必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡上各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答无效。
4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷本卷共 35 个小题，每小题 4 分，共 140 分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
长期以来加拿大在吸引汽车投资方面一直落后于美国。
而在2017 年 11 月，继在美国加利福尼亚州投资兴建电动客车厂后，中国汽车企业比亚迪公司宣布，计划在加拿大汽车工业基地安大略省（位置如下图所示）新建电动卡车厂，技术和零配件均来自中国国内。
据此完成 1～3 题。
1．与美国相比，加拿大吸引比亚迪公司投资建厂的最主要区位优势是A．税收政策优惠大B．劳动力充足廉价C．产业协作条件好D．当地人购买力强2．新厂在加拿大首选落户安大略省，是因为该省A．气候干旱，太阳能丰富B．地广人稀，土地价格低廉C．科研院校多，技术先进D．工业基础好，配套能力强3．为加拿大设计的电动卡车最应突出A．爬坡能力B ．涉水能力C．防震能力D．抗寒能力粮食生产集中度是指某时期某地区粮食产量占全国粮食总产量的比重。
下表反映我国不同雨量带粮食生产集中度的变化，据此完成 4 ～ 6题。
粮食生产集中度（% ）年降雨量（ mm ）2010年与 1990年相比的变化＜ 200＋200 ～ 400＋400 ～ 800＋≥800－4． 1990～2010 年我国粮食生产重心的变化趋势是A．由中温带移向暖温带B．由半湿润区移向湿润区C．由亚热带移向暖温带D．由半干旱区移向半湿润区5．造成我国粮食生产集中度变化的最主要原因是A．全球气候变化C．农业技术进步BD．区域经济发展差异．交通运输网络发展6．我国粮食生产集中度的变化A．提高了农业机械化水平C．减轻了交通运输的压力BD．更有利于水热资源的高效利用．增加了台风、洪涝的灾害风险新疆维吾尔自治区海拔1200米的盘吉尔塔格山岩体多为火山岩，岩石中含丰富的碳酸钙，形成独特的火成岩石林景观（如下图所示）。
2018届广东广州1模(文科)(试卷+答案)
绝密 ★ 启用前2018年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）文科数学注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用铅笔在答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷一、选择题：本小题共12题，每小题5分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1、设复数z 满足2)1(i zi -=，则复数z 的共轭复数=z （ ）A. 2-B. 2C. i 2-D. i 22、设集合}6,5,4,3,2,1,0{=A ，},2{A n n x x B ∈==，则=B A （ ） A. }4,2,0{ B. }6,4,2{ C. }6,4,2,0{ D. }12,10,8,6,4,2,0{3、已知向量)2,2(=OA ，)3,5(=OB =-（ ）A. 10B.10 C. 2 D. 24、等差数列}{n a 的各项均不为零，其前n 项和为n S ，若n n n a a a +=++221，则=+12n S （ ）A. 24+nB. n 4C. 12+nD. n 25、执行如图所示的程序框图，则输出的=S （ ）A. 209B. 94C. 92D. 1096、在四面体ABCD 中，E 、F 分别为AD 、BC 的中 点，CD AB =，CD AB ⊥，则异面直线EF 与AB 所 成角的大小为（ ）A.6π B. 4π C. 3π D. 2π7、已知某个函数的部分图像如图所示，则这个函数 的解析式可能是（ ）A. x x y ln =B. 1ln +-=x x x yC. 11ln -+=xx y D. 1ln -+-=x xxy 8、椭圆14922=+y x 上一动点P 到定点)0,1(M 的距离的最小值为（ ） A. 2 B.554 C. 1 D. 552 9、如图，网格纸上小正方形的边长为1，粗线画出的是某个几何体的三视图，则该几何体的表面积为（ ）A. 322410++B. 2414+C. 32244++D. 410、已知函数)0)(6sin()(>+=ωπωx x f 在区间]32,4[ππ-上单调递增，则ω的取值范围为（ ）A. ]38,0(B. ]21,0(C. ]38,21[D. ]2,83[ 11、已知数列}{n a 满足21=a ，1221+=+n n n a a a ，设11+-=n n n a a b ，则数列}{n b 是（ ） A.常数列 B.摆动数列 C.递增数列 D.递减数列 12、如图，在梯形ABCD 中，已知CD AB 2=，52=，双曲线过C 、D 、E 三点，且以A 、B 为焦点，则双曲线的离心率为（ ）A. 7B. 22C. 3D. 10第Ⅱ卷本卷包括必考题和选考题两部分。
2018广州市一模
2018年广州市普通高中业班综合测试（一）英语2018.3第I卷第二部分阆读理解(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)AIt’s no secret that your personal characteristics directly affect how you interact with the world-but you might be surprised at just how deep it goes. Experts think that your personality can even affect how you exercise and influence what sports are suitable for you.Highly SensitiveHighly sensitive people may be more uncomfortable with group exercise classes or team sports where they feel their every move is being observed. Additionally, they may feel more upset over an ineffective or poor workout, says researcher Elaine Aron.For such people, individual or non- competitive activities like biking, running and hiking are ideal.Type A PersonalityType A individuals often have an “all or nothing approach” to exercise. This personality type is known for sticking closely to their plan, not to mention being super competitive. However, this can cause them to stick too closely to a fitness routine, which means they might try to push past an injury.To get better exercise results, Type A people need to be aware that following an exercise plan too strictly may limit their progress. They should be more flexible and listen to their body, especially when they are in pain.Type B PersonalityThis laid-back group may get too lazy about their exercise plan, which prevents them from seeing results. They are often less willing to devote enough time and energy to their fitness goals, especially if exercise is something that makes them anxiousType B individuals succeed in creative and co-operative environments, so team sports and group gym classes may be perfect.Remember, there are plenty of ways you can adapt a fitness plan to suit your needs, regardless of your characteristics. Just keep in mind what you like.21. Why might highly sensitive people be unwilling to take part in group sports?A. They will feel like they are being evaluated.B. They don't like socialising with other people.C. They don't consider themselves to be athletic.D. They fear they'll be let down by their teammates.22. Type A personalities can be best described asA. committed B flexible C independent D. sensitive23. What is the purpose of the text?A. To help people understand what personality type they areB. To explain how personal characteristics affect exercise habitsC. To identify the dangers of doing the wrong type of exerciseD. To describe different types of workouts that are available todayBAt first sight, Alma Deutscher, a twelve-year-old girl from England appears to be like any othertypical pre-teen. She loves to skip rope, read and play with her younger sister. But this modest youngster, who composed her first musical work at age six, first short opera at age seven, and first full-length opera based on Cinderella at age ten, is anything but average. Though her parents downplay her extraordinary talent, young Alma is being described as “little Mozart” by the music worldAlma’s operatic take on the classic fairy tale, which she began writing at age eight, has a slight twist. Her Cinderella is a musician who meets her Prince Charming through a song. “In my Cinderella, she sings the beginning of a ballad --- but at midnight she flees. Eventually, the prince finds her after asking all the maidens of the land to sing the end of the ballad.”The opera was first performed in Vienna, Australia on December 29, 2016, where the then eleven-year-old skillfully switched between the piano and the violin and receives enthusiastic reviews. The young genius has since performed two new piano works, once in Australia and the other in China.While this may appear to be a lot for someone so young, Alma is not worried. She says, “Of course I have to work hard. But all children have to work hard for exams, and at least when I work hard, I work hard for something incredibly exciting, like seeing my whole opera put on stage.Alma’s musical talent first came to light before she could even talk. Her parents recall that a s an 18-month-old toddler, she was able to hum a pitch perfect version of the children’s rhyme Twinkle Twinkle Little Star.However, Alma’s abilities only gained international attention in 2012, after a family friend posted a video online comparing her to Mozart. The family was suddenly swamped with media requested and Alma became an overnight star, dubbed “little Mozart”. This nickname makes her parents unhappy because they believe it puts added pressure on the young girl. They would instead prefer her to be called “a composer and musician”.Alma does not want to be compared to the famous artist either, saying, “There was only one Mozart, and I prefer to be little Alma.” Regardless of what she calls herself, the twelve-year-old is changing the world of music forever!24. What do we know about Alma Deutscher?A. She comes from a famous musical family.B. She has shown great musical talent from a young age.C. She regularly performs the classical music of Mozart.D. She has adapted some famous works of classical music.25. How did Alma get to be widely known?A. Through an online videoB. By performing on televisionC. By putting on an operaD. Through her parents’ promotion26. What is Alma’s attitude towards her success?A. She is still unsatisfied with her performance.B. She is uncomfortable with so much pressure.C. She is modest about her musical achievementsD. She is proud to have become a professional musician.27. What can we infer about Alma’s parents?A. They are very well-educated people.B. They are protective of their daughter.C. They have pushed Alma to take up music.D. They have made a good life plan for Alma.CThe belief that new technologies are causing the death of work is the idea that never goes away. Despite evidence to the contrary, we still view technological change today as being more rapid and dramatic in its consequences for work than ever before. But this is nothing new. People have always viewed the technological changes that take place during their lives as the most dramatic and dangerous that ever happened in history.In the 1930s, the British economist(经济学家) John Maynard Keynes predicted the widespread use of electricity would produce a world where people spend most of their time doing nothing. In the United States during the 1960s, the government repeatedly investigates fears that automatic machines would permanently reduce the amount of work available. In 1988, one Australian historian claimed that at least a quarter of the workforce would be without jobs within 10 years because of computers.Of course, none of these disasters came to pass in the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia, or anywhere else.Yet today, we are seeing the return of these predictions, with some experts claiming the world of work is once more undergoing radical and unprecedented change. They argue that robots and other workplace technologies are causing a reduction in the total amount of work available, or are bringing a more rapid pace of substitution of machines for humans than has been seen previously.But there is a little evidence to support such beliefs. Statistics show that the percentage of people in work, the number of hours they work, and how frequently they change jobs have remained remarkably constant over the past 20 years.This stability should not come as a surprise. There are good reasons why we should not expect new technologies to cause the death of work. New technologies always cause job losses, but that is only part of the story. What also needs to be understood is how they increase the amount of work available.One way this happens is through the increases in incomes that accompany the use of new technologies. With the introduction of these technologies, good and services can be produced faster, which results in higher real incomes for workers. Higher incomes then increase demand for other products and consequently more workers are needed to make them. Additionally, while new technologies are likely to substitute for some types of workers, they will also increase demand for other types of workers, especially those with higher level skills and expertise.So, the end of work is no closer today than at any time in the past. But there is still a need to keep disproving the prediction, to reduce people's fears.28. What is the function of the second paragraph?A. To explain the importance of developing new technology.B. To show how technology affected employment in the past.C. To argue that technological dangers are becoming more serious.D. To give historical examples of unnecessary fear about new technology.29. How can employment statistics over the past 20 years best be described?A. ConfusingB. ReliableC. StableD. Variable30. According to paragraph 7, why does demand for products often increase after new technology is introduced?A. There are more goods for people to choose from.B. There is more demand for new skills in the economy.C. Productivity improvements help raise workers’ salaries.D. Higher quality goods at lower prices encourage consumption.31. What is the author’s opinion about the introduction of new technology?A. It does not have an effect on most people’s jobs.B. Its benefits are usually not worth the introduction.C. It usually leads to a significant increase in employment.D. Its danger to peoples employment possibilities is overstated.DSupermarket shelves are filled with plant-based alternatives to cow milk, including soy, nut, and coconut milk. These products are popular with consumers who cannot drink cows’ milk for h ealth reasons, as well as with those concerned about animal welfare and environmental sustainability. While the dairy-free(非乳制的) options work well with cereal or in coffee, they fail miserably when it comes to making milk-based products like cheese or yogurt. However, these shortcomings may soon be a thing of the past, thanks to a new company in California, which has figured out how to create animal-free milk in a laboratory!Perumal Gandhi and Ryan Pandya founded the company in 2014 after becoming increasingly annoyed with the lack of cows’ milk-free alternatives, particularly for cheese. For Gandhi, who stopped consuming animal products five years earlier due to environmental and animal welfare concerns, the motivation to create a better alternative stemmed from his love of cheesy pizza. Pandya was spurred into taking action after being forced to eat some “really bad” dairy-free cream cheese on his sandwichThe two MIT biomedical engineering scientists decided to join forces to create a more realistic alternative to dairy-based products. In their university lab, the pair spent nine months first isolating cow DNA then inserting it into yeast(酵母). This genetic modification enabled the yeast to produce the necessary milk proteins. The final step of the process involved mixing the proteins with some plant nutrients and fats.The dairy-free milk not only tastes like the real thing but is also healthier, has a longer shelf life and, most important of all, is Earth friendly. According to the company’s website, when compared to conventional milk production, their process uses 65% less energy, creates 84%o less greenhouse gas emissions and requires 91% less land and an amazing 98% less water! Best of all, since it contains real milk proteins, the product behaves like the cow-produced version, which means vegetarian consumers will no longer have to deal with soggy cheese on their sandwiches and pizzas.The company plans to bring their creation to market later this year and their first product will most likely be cheese s ince there are already numerous good cows’ milk alternatives available to consumers.32. The underlined word "those" in paragraph 1 refers to_______.A. alternativesB. peopleC. productsD. reasons33. The company s founders were motivated to make the new product because of_______.A. their deep concern for the environmentB. their worry that farm animals were poorly treatedC the over-consumption of the dairy-based productsD. the poor taste of dairy-free cheese presently available34. What can be inferred from paragraph 4?A. The dairy-free products cannot be stored for a long time.B. The new products will taste better than dairy-based ones.C. Cow farming causes considerable environmental damage.D. The dairy-free milk will be more expensive than cow’s milk.35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Healthier CheeseB. New Milk Saves PlanetC. Fresher Milk, Better FutureD. Making Milk without Cows第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
广东省广州市2018届高三综合测试(二)文综试卷(Word版,含答案)
2018年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）文科综合一、选择题：冰川学上的雪线是指降雪量与消融量达到平衡的界线。
天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川（西支）的上、下界高度分别为4486米和3810米。
下图是四个时段冰川物质平衡分布统计图，据此完成l～3题。
1．5～8月该冰川雪线的波动范围是（）A．3810～3950米 B．3950～4020米 C．4020～4120米 D．4120～4210米2．5～8月该冰川降雪量的分布特点是（）A．从3810～4486米递增 B．从3950米向上、下递增C．从3950～4486米递减 D．从4210米向上、下递减3．该冰川补给的最主要季节是（）A．春季 B．夏季 C．秋季 D．冬季2017年12月我国成功进行了开发干热岩资源试验。
干热岩是指埋藏于地下3～10千米，没有水或蒸汽、致密不渗透、温度在150℃以上的高温岩体。
它是一种新兴地热资源，可广泛用于发电、供暖等。
据此完成4～6题。
4．干热岩主要属于（）A．岩浆 B．喷出岩 C．沉积岩 D．侵入岩5．我国干热岩最主要分布在（）A．东南沿海 B．华北地区 C．西北内陆 D．青藏高原6．与传统地热资源相比，干热岩（）A．开发难度小、成本低 B．埋藏较浅、分布广C．无季节变化、污染少 D．产业链短、效率低1946～1964年美国出生婴儿高达7600万人，这个群体被称为“婴儿潮一代”。
“婴儿潮一代”对美国的政治、经济、文化有着巨大的影响。
下图是1970年和2000年美国人口年龄金字塔统计图，据此完成7～8题。
7．引起“婴儿潮一代”人口高增长率的最主要原因是（）A．战后经济恢复和发展 B．鼓励生育的人口政策C．实行宽松的移民政策 D．新时期科学技术革命8．随着“婴儿潮一代”步入中年期，美国人口增长特点转变为（）A．快速增长 B．负增长 C．稳定增长 D．零增长铁盖乡地处黄河上游龙羊峡地区，由于气候变化、超载放牧等原因，土地沙漠化率高达98．5％。
(2018年广州一模文科-)有答案
2018年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）文科数学2018. 3本试卷共5页，23小题，满分150分。
考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，用 在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号，并将试卷类型（ A ）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
2 .作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答， 答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答无效。
4 .考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、选择题：本题共 12小题，每小题 是符合题目要求的.秘密★启用前试卷类型：A1•设复数 Z 满足zi = 1i2，则复数 Z 的共轭复数z AC . 2iD .2i2•设集合 A= 0,123,4,5,6 , B= x |x 2n,n A ，则 AI BA . 0,2,4B . 2,4,6C . 0,2,4,6 D . 0,2,4,6,8,10,12uu 3.已知向量OA uu u 2,2 , OB 5,3 uuu uuu，贝y OA AB C A . 10 D .4 .等差数列 an 的各项均不为零，其前n 项和为 S n ,an 1 an 2an ，则 Sn 1= A A . 4n 2 5.执行如图所示的程序框图, A. 2 20 4n 则输出的 4 9 C . S C .2n 1 D .D .2n9 406.在四面体ABCD 中，E , F 分别为 AD ,BC 的中点, AB=CD ,ABA CD ，则异面直线EF 与AB 所成角的大小为 号, 2B 铅笔 5分，共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项xC . 3D .7107. 已知某个函数的部分图象如图所示，则这个函数的解析式可能是xinB . y xlnx8. 9. C . y in x in x D . y —2 x 椭圆—— 9 1上一动点P 到定点M1,0的距离的最小值为4^5B.—5C . 1 如图，网格纸上小正方形的边长为 1，粗线画出的是某个几何体的三视图, 则该几何体的表 面积为A A . 10 4J 22晶B .C . 4 4迈2^3 D . 已知函数f x sin x —60在区间BA . 0,83 B -,2C .a ； 10. 丄82'311 •已知数列 a n 满足31 2 , 2a n a n 1A .常数列B •摆动数列12.如图，在梯形 ABCD 中，已知|A B上单调递增，则 的取值范围为1，设bnOHC .递增数列D - 8'2，则数列b n 是DD •递减数列uuu 2 uuu 2CD , AE= —AC ，双曲线 5 过C , D , E 三点，且以 A , B 为焦点，则双曲线的离心率为 A二、填空题：本题共 4小题，每小题5分，共20分.13.已知某区中小学学生人数如图所示.为了解该区学生参加某项社会实践活动的意向，拟采用分层抽样的方法来进行调查•若高中需抽取 20名学生,则小学与初中共需抽取的学生人数为85 名.15.我国南宋数学家杨辉所著的《详解九章算术》一书中，用图①的数表列出了一些正整数在 三角形中的一种几何排列，俗称“杨辉三角形”，该数表的规律是每行首尾数字均为 第三行开始，其余的数字是它“上方”左右两个数字之和.现将杨辉三角形中的奇数换成解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.第 17〜21题为必考题, 22、23题为选考题，考生根据要求做答.（一）必考题：共 60分. 17.（本小题满分12 分）△ ABC 的内角A , B , C 的对边分别为a , b , c ,已知a , c b 1 , △ ABC的外接圆半径为.（1） 求角A 的值； （2） 求^ ABC 的面积.2x 14 .若x ，y 满足约束条件xy y 3<0,1^0,则z x y 的最小值为_01> 0,1，从1，偶数换成0,得到图②所示的由数字0和1组成的三角形数表，由上往下数，记第 n 行S 3St 4 ,……，则S3232f)'&(]■ 10 (J图②16.已知函数fx 1~,x In x 2,x >1,g x1,2x 4 .设b 为实数，若存在实数a ,使得f a1成立, 则b 的取值范围为3 7 2'270分.三、解答题：共 每个试题考生都必须做答.第 各数字的和为S n ，如S 1 1, S 22T ：图①+附：回归方程$ $ $x 中的斜率和截距的最小二乘估计公式分别为:八i x ii 1 Jx y i y x 19.(本小题满分12 分）如图，四棱锥 P ABCD 中，底面ABCD 为矩形，点AE PE ；(2)若^ PAD 是等边三角形， AB 2AD ,(1)求证:平面PAD 平面ABCD ，四棱锥P ABCD 的18.(本小题满分12分)(岁)与身高的中位数 y cm i某地1~10岁男童年龄X i 1,2,L ,10如下表:140 130 120110 100的£0 70O 12 xy10 2 i1x i x10 2 .4 M yi 110.4 Xj X yi y i 15.5 112.45 82.503947.71566.85(1)求y 关于x 的线性回归方程(回归方程系数精确到0.01 )；(2) 某同学认为，y px 2方程是y 0.30x 210.17x68.07 •经调查，该地11岁男童身高的中位数为(1 )中的线性回归方程比较，哪个回归方程的拟合效果更好？x (岁) 1 2 3 4 5678910y cm76.588.596.8104.1 111.3 117.7 124.0 130.0 135.4 140.2对上表的数据作初步处理,得到下面的散点图及一些统计量的值.y (cm) qx r 更适宜作为y 关于x 的回归方程类型，他求得的回归145.3cm .与体积为9j 3，求点E 到平面PCD 的距离.20 •(本小题满分12 分)已知两个定点M 1,0和N 2,0，动点P 满足PN J 2 PM • (1)求动点P 的轨迹C 的方程;(2)若A , B 为(1)中轨迹C 上两个不同的点， 0为坐标原点.设直线OA , OB , AB21 •(本小题满分12分)已知函数f(x) e xax(2)若X [a,)时，f(x)>0恒成立，求a 的取值范围.(二)选考题：共10分•请考生在第22、23题中任选一题作答•如果多做，则按所做的第一题计分.已知函数f (X) 2 X a 3x b •(1)当a 1, b 0时，求不等式f X >3 X 1的解集;(2)若a 0 , b 0 ,且函数f X 的最小值为2，求3a b 的值.的斜率分别为k 1 , k 2, k •当k i k 2 3时，求k 的取值范围.(1)若f(X)的极值为e1，求a 的值;22.(本小题满分10分)选修4 — 4 :坐标系与参数方程已知过点PXm,0的直线l 的参数方程是m 退，(t 为参数)，以平面直角坐标系的原点为极点,X 轴的正半轴为极轴，建立极坐标系, C 的极坐标方程为 2cos •(1)求直线 l 的普通方程和曲线 C 的直角坐标方程; (2)若直线l 和曲线C 交于A , B 两点，且P A |PB 2，求实数m 的值.23 •(本小题满分 10分)选修4 — 5 :不等式选讲。
2018广州市一模(加答案版本)
秘密★启用前试卷类型: A2018年广州市普通高中业班综合测试（一）英语2018. 3 本试卷10页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1.本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
用2B铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号信息点，修改时须用橡皮擦干净。
因笔试不考听力，第I卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始,试题题序号从“21”开始。
2.作答第I卷时，选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
答案不能答在试卷上。
3.第II卷必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液不按以上要求作答无效。
4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并并交回。
第I卷第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
AIt’s no secret that your personal characteristics directly a ffect how you interact with the world-but you might be surprised at just how deep it goes. Experts think that your personality can even affect how you exercise and influence what sports are suitable for you.Highly SensitiveHighly sensitive people may be more uncomfortable with group exercise classes or team sports where they feel their every move is being observed. Additionally, they may feel more upset over an ineffective or poor workout, says researcher Elaine Aron.For such people, individual or non- competitive activities like biking, running and hiking are ideal.Type A PersonalityType A individuals often have an “all or nothing approach” to exercise. This personality type isknown for sticking closely to their plan, not to mention being super competitive. However, this can cause them to stick too closely to a fitness routine, which means they might try to push past an injury.To get better exercise results, Type A people need to be aware that following an exercise plan too strictly may limit their progress. They should be more flexible and listen to their body, especially when they are in pain.Type B PersonalityThis laid-back group may get too lazy about their exercise plan, which prevents them from seeing results. They are often less willing to devote enough time and energy to their fitness goals, especially if exercise is something that makes them anxiousType B individuals succeed in creative and co-operative environments, so team sports and group gym classes may be perfect.Remember, there are plenty of ways you can adapt a fitness plan to suit your needs, regardless of your characteristics. Just keep in mind what you like.21. Why might highly sensitive people be unwilling to take part in group sports?A. They will feel like they are being evaluated.B. They don't like socialising with other people.C. They don't consider themselves to be athletic.D. They fear they'll be let down by their teammates.22. Type A personalities can be best described as ___________.A. committed B flexible C independent D. sensitive23. What is the purpose of the text?A. To help people understand what personality type they areB. To explain how personal characteristics affect exercise habitsC. To identify the dangers of doing the wrong type of exerciseD. To describe different types of workouts that are available todayBAt first sight, Alma Deutscher, a twelve-year-old girl from England appears to be like any other typical pre-teen. She loves to skip rope, read and play with her younger sister. But this modest youngster, who composed her first musical work at age six, first short opera at age seven, and first full-length opera based on Cinderella at age ten, is anything but average. Though her parents downplay her extraordinary talent, young Alma is being described as “little Mozart” by the music worldAlma’s operatic take on the classic fairy tale, which she began writing at age eight, has a slight twist. Her Cinderella is a musician who meets her Prince Charming through a song. “I n my Cinderella, she sings the beginning of a ballad --- but at midnight she flees. Eventually, the prince finds her after asking all the maidens of the land to sing the end of the ballad.”The opera was first performed in Vienna, Australia on December 29, 2016, where the then eleven-year-old skillfully switched between the piano and the violin and receives enthusiastic reviews. The young genius has since performed two new piano works, one in Australia and the other in China.While this may appear to be a lot for someone so young, Alma is not worried. She says, “Of course I have to work hard. But all children have to work hard for exams, and at least when I work hard, I work hard for something incredibly exciting, like seeing my whole opera put on stage.Alma’s musical talent first came to light before she could even talk. Her parents recall that as an 18-month-old toddler, she was able to hum a pitch perfect version of the children’s rhyme Twinkle Twinkle Little Star.However, Alma’s abilities only gained international attention in 2012, after a family friend posted a video online comparing her to Mozart. The family was suddenly swamped with media requested and Alma became an overnight star, dubbed “little Mozart”. This nickname makes her parents unhappy because they believe it puts added pressure on the young girl. They would instead prefer her to be called “a composer and musician”.Alma does not want to be compared to the famous artist either, saying, “There was only one Mozart, and I prefer to be little Alma.” Regardless of what she calls herself, the twelve-year-old is changing the world of music forever!24. What do we know about Alma Deutscher?A. She comes from a famous musical family.B. She has shown great musical talent from a young age.C. She regularly performs the classical music of Mozart.D. She has adapted some famous works of classical music.25. How did Alma get to be widely known?A. Through an online videoB. By performing on televisionC. By putting on an operaD. Through her parents’ promotion26. What is Alma’s attitude towards her success?A. She is still unsatisfied with her performance.B. She is uncomfortable with so much pressure.C. She is modest about her musical achievements.D. She is proud to have become a professional musician.27. What can we infer about Alma’s parents?A. They are very well-educated people.B. They are protective of their daughter.C. They have pushed Alma to take up music.D. They have made a good life plan for Alma.CThe belief that new technologies are causing the death of work is the idea that never goes away. Despite evidence to the contrary, we still view technological change today as being more rapid and dramatic in its consequences for work than ever before. But this is nothing new. People have always viewed the technological changes that take place during their lives as the most dramatic and dangerous that ever happened in history.In the 1930s, the British economist(经济学家) John Maynard Keynes predicted the widespread use of electricity would produce a world where people spend most of their time doing nothing. In the United States during the 1960s, the government repeatedly investigates fears that automatic machines would permanently reduce the amount of work available. In 1988, one Australian historian claimed that at least a quarter of the workforce would be without jobs within 10 years because ofcomputers.Of course, none of these disasters came to pass in the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia, or anywhere else.Yet today, we are seeing the return of these predictions, with some experts claiming the world of work is once more undergoing radical and unprecedented change. They argue that robots and other workplace technologies are causing a reduction in the total amount of work available, or are bringing a more rapid pace of substitution of machines for humans than has been seen previously.But there is a little evidence to support such beliefs. Statistics show that the percentage of people in work, the number of hours they work, and how frequently they change jobs have remained remarkably constant over the past 20 years.This stability should not come as a surprise. There are good reasons why we should not expect new technologies to cause the death of work. New technologies always cause job losses, but that is only part of the story. What also needs to be understood is how they increase the amount of work available.One way this happens is through the increases in incomes that accompany the use of new technologies. With the introduction of these technologies, good and services can be produced faster, which results in higher real incomes for workers. Higher incomes then increase demand for other products and consequently more workers are needed to make them. Additionally, while new technologies are likely to substitute for some types of workers, they will also increase demand for other types of workers, especially those with higher level skills and expertise.So, the end of work is no closer today than at any time in the past. But there is still a need to keep disproving the prediction, to reduce people's fears.28. What is the function of the second paragraph?A. To explain the importance of developing new technology.B. To show how technology affected employment in the past.C. To argue that technological dangers are becoming more serious.D. To give historical examples of unnecessary fear about new technology.29. How can employment statistics over the past 20 years best be described?A. ConfusingB. ReliableC. StableD. Variable30. According to paragraph 7, why does demand for products often increase after new technology is introduced?A. There are more goods for people to choose from.B. There is more demand for new skills in the economy.C. Productivity improvements help raise workers’ salaries.D. Higher quality goods at lower prices encourage consumption.31. What is the author’s opinion about the introduction of new technology?A. It does not have an effect on most people’s jobs.B. Its benefits are usually not worth the introduction.C. It usually leads to a significant increase in employment.D. Its danger to peoples employment possibilities is overstated.DSupermarket shelves are filled with plant-based alternatives to cow milk, including soy, nut, and coconut milk. These products are popular with consumers who cannot drink cows’ milk for health reasons, as well as with those concerned about animal welfare and environmental sustainability. While the dairy-free(非乳制的) options work well with cereal or in coffee, they fail miserably when it comes to making milk-based products like cheese or yogurt. However, these shortcomings may soon be a thing of the past, thanks to a new company in California, which has figured out how to create animal-free milk in a laboratory!Perumal Gandhi and Ryan Pandya founded the company in 2014 after becoming increasingly annoyed with the lack of cows’milk-free alternatives, particularly for cheese. For Gandhi, who stopped consuming animal products five years earlier due to environmental and animal welfare concerns, the motivation to create a better alternative stemmed from his love of cheesy pizza. Pandya was spurred into taking action after being forced to eat some “really bad” dairy-free cream cheese on his sandwich.The two MIT biomedical engineering scientists decided to join forces to create a more realistic alternative to dairy-based products. In their university lab, the pair spent nine months first isolating cow DNA then inserting it into yeast(酵母). This genetic modification enabled the yeast to produce the necessary milk proteins. The final step of the process involved mixing the proteins with someplant nutrients and fats.The dairy-free milk not only tastes like the real thing but is also healthier, has a longer shelf life and, most important of all, is Earth friendly. According to the company’s website, when compared to conventional milk production, their process uses 65% less energy, creates 84% less greenhouse gas emissions and requires 91% less land and an amazing 98% less water! Best of all, since it contains real milk proteins, the product behaves like the cow-produced version, which means vegetarian consumers will no longer have to deal with soggy cheese on their sandwiches and pizzas.The company plans to bring their creation to market later this year and their first product will most likely be cheese since there are already numerous good cows’milk alternatives available to consumers.32. The underlined word "those" in paragraph 1 refers to_______.A. alternativesB. peopleC. productsD. reasons33. The company’s founders were motivated to make the new product because of_______.A. their deep concern for the environmentB. their worry that farm animals were poorly treatedC the over-consumption of the dairy-based productsD. the poor taste of dairy-free cheese presently available34. What can be inferred from paragraph 4?A. The dairy-free products cannot be stored for a long time.B. The new products will taste better than dairy-based ones.C. Cow farming causes considerable environmental damage.D. The dairy-free milk will be more expensive than cow’s milk.35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Healthier CheeseB. New Milk Saves PlanetC. Fresher Milk, Better FutureD. Making Milk without Cows第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。