上海市宝山区2018届高三下学期教学质量检测(二模)英语试题
第页 1 上海市宝山区2018届高三下学期教学质量检测（二模） 英语试题
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. How Much of the Jetsons’ World Has Become a Reality? For most of our readers, The Jetsons may be an unfamiliar name. However, for many American born in or before the 1980s, it is a name we fondly remember. The Jetsons was a popular cartoon that featured a family living in an advanced world ___21___ people settle in houses built in the sky, work only three days a week and drive flying cars that resemble flying saucers. While sky-high houses and three-day workweeks don’t appear to be on the horizon, other visions of the future ___22___（turn）into practical realities. Flying cars have been on the minds of scientists and inventors for decades. They are part of a typical imaging of the future fast-paced and luxurious, ___23___（allow）us to speed through the skies. As ___24___（see）in The Sky’s No longer the Limit, this flight of fancy may soon be a reality in Dubai. Aiming ___25___（become）the world’s most advanced city, Dubai is currently testing the first-ever flying taxi. ___26___ money still exists in its current cash-based form in The Jetsons, people today are looking toward a world where even cash is out-of-date. Bitcoin is a type of digital money that has taken the world by storm. Since its introduction, the money’s price ___27___（increase）to rates as high as US$ 19,000. This, however, may not predict well for the future of digital currency, as experts warn that Bitcoin is a bubble and ___28___ crash soon. It’s possible that some dreams of the future may still be ___29___ ______ our reach. Other more probable technologies already exist, for example, future flying eye hospitals in A Hospital with Wings, unusual-engineered folding paper in Clever Folding and the population of endangered corals（珊瑚）in Lab-Bred Coral to the Rescue, etc. All these show ___30___ humans are already capable of. So, what else could the future have in store for us?
Section B Directions：After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need. A. adapted B. harder C. alternatives D. features E. cooperation F. questions G. accuracy H. captured I. regardless J. opposite K. analyzing
Computer reads brain activity to find out the music each person is listening to In the experiment, six volunteers heard 40 pieces of classical music, rock, pop, jazz, and others. The Neural（神经的）fingerprint of each song on participants’ brain was ___31___ by the Magnetic Resonance（MR）machine while a computer was learning to identify the brain patterns drawn out by each musical piece. Musical ___32___ such as tone, volume, rhythm and beat were taken in account by the computer. After that, researchers expected that the computer would be able to do the ___33___ way: identify which song participants were listening to, based on their brain activity –a technique known as brain decoding. When faced two options, the computer showed up to 85% ___34___ in identifying the correct song, which is a great performance, comparing to previous studies. Researchers then pushed the test even ___35___ by providing not two but 10 options（e.g. one correct and nine 第页 2
wrong）to the computer. In this situation, the computer correctly identified the song in 74% of the decisions. In the future, studies on brain decoding and machine learning will create possibilities of communication ___36___ any kind of written or spoken language.“Machines will be able to translate our musical thoughts into songs,”says Sebastian Hoefle, researcher from D’Or Institute and PhD student from Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The study is a result of a ___37___ between Brazilian researchers and colleagues from Germany, Finland and India. According to Hoefle, brain decoding researches provide ___38___ to understand neural functioning and interact with it using artificial intelligence. In the future, he experts to find answers for ___39___ like“what musical characteristics make some people love a song while others don’t? Is our brain ___40___ to prefer a specific kind of music?”
2024届上海市宝山区高三下学期二模英语试题及答案
2023学年宝山区高三年级英语学科第二次教学质量监测试卷（本试卷满分140分，考试时间120分钟）I. Listening comprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Work at the store. B. Sell books. C. Go to the beach. D. Go over lessons.2. A. 9:15. B. 9:20. C. 9:30. D. 9:40.3. A. Check the man's eyes. B. Adjust the new glasses.C. Change the old glasses.D. Put on the special spectacles.4. A. At a train station. B. At a theatre. C. At a hotel. D. On a train.5. A. Salesman and customer. B. Professor and student.C. Nurse and patient.D. Doctor and patient.6. A. She avoids most of her neighbours.B. She likes to make friends with everyone.C. Most of the neighbours are unfriendly.D. Some neighbours are hard to deal with.7. A. Her watch is stolen all of sudden.B. She is able to fix her watch.C. Her watch is a few minutes fast.D. Her watch needs checking.8. A. Teaching English is the biggest business throughout the world.B. Language schools are being established everywhere.C. Many Canadians are fond of teaching English in Canada.D. Language schools are more than other types of schools.9. A. She can find a person to help him.B. She can give him a helping hand.C. She needs a dictionary now, too.D. She picked up a dictionary somewhere.10. A. He's learned a lot from the play.B. He finds the plots hard to follow.C. He can tell the characters from each other.D. He usually has difficulty telling characters.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. By depositing layers of material on top of each other.B. By creating a solid object on paper.C. By laying down ink on a 2D material.D. By setting down layers of different ingredients.12. A. It can make items with a water-absorbent material.B. It can manufacture shape-shifting 3D structures.C. It can print 3D items using different materials.D. It can double 3D items in volume in water.13. A. Developing numerous new materials.B. Using a water-absorbent material in projects.C. Having a wide range of applications.D. Producing a framework that can fold and stretch.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Harmful substances in the smoke from homes.B. Damp chemical gases from factory chimneys.C. Smoke from homes mixed with dust in the air.D. Mixture of fog, smoke and other waste gases.15. A. Harmful gases rise and fall between layers of cold and warm air.B. Smoke and chemical gases build up under a layer of warm air.C. Smoke and waste gases remain near the ground as cold air pours in.D. Thick smoke and gases blown by the wind pile up above warm air.16. A. Temperature inversion. B. Solar radiation.C. Automobile exhausts.D. Foggy weather.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Because she wants to buy some secondhand things.B. Because she thinks it amazing to eat and bargain there.C. Because she decides to buy some big-ticket items.D. Because she is too busy in the daytime on weekends.18. A. Flea markets are held in the daytime only.B. Flea markets only provide used things.C. Night markets only happen on weekends.D. Only night markets provide good deals.19. A. 2. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6.20. A. Trash and treasure go hand in hand. B. One's trash is similar to his treasure.C. Trash is equal to treasure to a degree.D. Different people have different needs.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Imagine you are out fishing on the high seas - the wind and water are clean and comfortable and you begin bringing up your first catch of the day. That's when everything goes wrong. Your fishing nets are tangled up (缠成一团) in older, abandoned fishing tool, and you're unable to untangle them. Your equipment (21) _____ (ruin), and all of the fish you have worked so hard to catch are trapped. They will die (22) _____ you are unable to draw or free them. Ghost fishing has claimed yet another victim.Ghost fishing is what abandoned fishing tool does. It still catches fish, but no one benefits. Trapped fish die and attract scavengers (清道夫) (23) _____ also get caught, creating a vicious cycle. In fact, lost fishing tool, or "ghost tool," is among (24) _____ (great) killers in the oceans. This tool further reduces the already declining number of fish.Environmental agencies estimate that 10 percent of all seawater litter is lost or deserted fishing tool (25) _____ (equal) 640,000 tons every year. Fortunately, these agencies are asking why this is happening and what (26) _____ be done to stop it.It's not the intention of the majority of fishermen to lose their tool. In most circumstances bad weather is to blame. But in other cases fishermen throw their tool in the ocean on purpose, risking expensive fines. But to them, it's worth the risk (27) _____ (free) up space onboard, cut fuel costs or avoid paying handling fees. (28) _____ equipment loss is accidental or not, a strategy involving tool identification seems to be a practical solution.By marking tool with electronic tags and utilizing GPS technology, owners are more likely to recover lost tool and less likely to abandon it. Currently, ownership regulations are reportedly very weak. Leading the effort for tagging fishing tool and creating accountability is the GGTI(Global Ghost Tool Initiative). (29) _____ (launch) in 2015, the GGTI is the first organization of its kind. It's brought together an organization of governments, fishing-industry executives, seafood companies and non-profits. Their efforts to get back and recycle the tool (30) _____ (improve) marine environment, protecting fish and fishermen's way of life.Ghost fishing poses a serious threat to the fishing industry worldwide, and a global effort is needed to solve it.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. processB. impactingC. appearanceD. linkedE. assessmentF. costlyG. crucialH. highlyI. legalJ. pauseK. marketedTobacco use and its negative impacts on health have been well-documented for decades. Traditional tobacco products, such as cigarettes, have been 31 to a wide range of health problems, including cancer, heart disease, respiratory (呼吸的) disorders and others. According to a survey, 78.3 percent of smokers start smoking before age 20. Taiwan Province of China has raisedthe 32 smoking age to 20 or above. By instituting this change, they hope to reduce the number of young people taking up the habit.Despite being 33 as a safe alternative to traditional cigarettes, heated tobacco products (HTPs) are still considered tobacco. As such, they pose significant dangers to human health. The heating 34 used in these products releases harmful chemicals and poisons, including tar (焦油), carbon monoxide and nicotine, a(n) 35 addictive substance.HTPs are packaged to appeal to young people who perceive them as safer than smoking. To prevent young people from experimenting with HTPs and 36 their health, Taiwan Province strictly controls every kind of tobacco product by adding a health risk 37 review mechanism. Only products that pass the review process are allowed to be manufactured, imported and sold to consumers.The innumerable downsides to smoking should give smokers 38 and encourage them to quit. Quitting tobacco improves your health and reduces your risk of various diseases, including cancer, heart disease, and breathing problems. Quitting smoking can also improve your 39 . Tobacco use can cause wrinkles and yellow teeth. Quitting can lead to healthier skin, whiter teeth and fresher breath. Smoking can also dull your senses of taste and smell. By stopping tobacco use, your senses recover, leading to enhanced enjoyment of food and beverages.Unfortunately, quitting tobacco isn't easy. Most people will also encounter numerous challenges including nicotine withdrawal and symptoms such as eagerness, irritability (易怒) and difficulty concentrating. Supportive social environments, coping strategies and professional help are 40 for overcoming these things and living a smoke-free life.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.For decades, people have guessed that artificial intelligence (AI) will eventually replace human workers. But developments in the past few years have 41 these concerns as companies have released AI that can answer questions, write articles and create images. Now, even people in creative fields must consider the 42 of AI replacing them. But many experts still insist that these AI programs are no substitute for human ability.AI programs have the 43 to perform some tasks currently performed by human workers. These include media jobs, such as writing advertisements and articles, along with many jobs in the financial fields and even tech-related jobs such as computer programming. AI is good at 44 data, so financial analysts and market research analysts may find their jobs 45 .Using AI for certain tasks may be a good thing. Perhaps AI will 46 less interesting work, allowing people to do more satisfying jobs, just as earlier technologies have. Using a machine to do laundry saves time 47 to washing clothes by hand, and many people use that extra time productively. 48 , AI may be able to take over dull tasks, liberating people to be truly creative, since thinking up new ideas is something AI cannot do.Another big challenge for AI is human 49 . Most people prefer to communicate with humans rather than machines. Hence, AI is 50 to replace humans for jobs that require personal connection, such as counseling or teaching. A robot can perform tasks, but it cannot 51 care about others, and sometimes care is what people need.AI can process data quickly, but it can only use data that it is given. So it cannot adapt to situations that 52 significantly from those in its data. Thus, although some AI programs can create content, none of them can be truly creative as the content AI creates will 53 consist of some combination of its sources.Finally, if the AI receives false information, it has no way of recognizing that as false. Humans can also be fooled, but life experience can tell them whether a claim is reasonable, an ability that AI does not have. 54 , AI must continually be fact-checked to make sure its data, and therefore its conclusions, are accurate.Thus, although AI may replace some jobs, others require a human 55 . At best AI may eliminate certain boring parts of tasks so that humans can focus on things that only they can do.41. A. denied B. prevented C. transferred D. intensified42. A. function B. possibility C. capability D. character43. A. potential B. schedule C. objective D. ambition44. A. searching B. providing C. analyzing D. storing45. A. at risk B. at work C. at last D. at least46. A. bring over B. get over C. turn over D. take over47. A. wasted B. compared C. consumed D. spared48. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Meanwhile49. A. interaction B. resource C. resistance D. creativity50. A. unwilling B. unlikely C. unfair D. unfortunate51. A. deeply B. accurately C. directly D. genuinely52. A. evolve B. range C. differ D. result53. A. inevitably B. immediately C. insignificantly D. improbably54. A. Frequently B. Generally C. Instantly D. Consequently55. A. nature B. need C. touch D. permissionSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Every summer, Europeans and tourists from all over the world sail by boat down the Danube River. Their trips often begin in Nuremberg, Germany, where they can visit the Imperial Castle, the ancient city wall, and the water fountain in Market Square.From Nuremberg, the boats proceed down the Danube to Melk, which for centuries was one of Europe's most important religious centers. Among the interesting sights in Melk is its famous church tower.After Melk, the boats pass through wine country to Vienna. Called the "City of Waltzes", Vienna has a magnificent opera house and an imperial palace. Aside trip from Vienna takes visitors into the Austrian Alps. The tour bus trip offers marvelous views of the surrounding countryside.From Vienna, the boats sail to Budapest. The capital of the central-European country of Hungary, Budapest boasts a history that's more than 2,000 years old.The city's name combines those of "Buda", "Obuda" and “Pest", once separate towns on either side of the Danube River. In 1873, these towns were unified and their names combined into one. Budapest's World Heritage site also comprises several distinct areas, designated (指定) by UNESCO starting in 1987. These include the Castle District, the Banks of the Danube, Gellért Hill and Andrássy Avenue. At each of these locations, you can explore many hundreds of years of history, art and culture. One great way of doing so is through guided walking tours. Some of these tours are free, led by local people who have extensive knowledge of their city. Or, if you prefer something that's faster-paced and easier on the legs, try a Segway tour! The Castle District displays centuries of the city's history. Numerous attacks, wars and natural disasters destroyed much of the original Castle Quarter. Still, beauty and charm remain.56. What does this article mainly describe?A. Voyages with several interesting stops.B. Cycling through urban and rural areas.C. Travel by air to a continent's oldest towns.D. Fascinating rides on a historic railway.57. What does Vienna's nickname imply about the city?A. Its location made it an important political center.B. Hunting was a popular activity there years ago.C. It has attracted a lot of people who enjoy skating.D. Dancing has been an important part of its culture.58. What does the article point out about some of the tours that people can take in Budapest?A. They frequently include a meal.B. They don't cost anything.C. They require advance reservations.D. They may not be entirely safe.59.According to the article, which have impacted Budapest's Castle quarter in the past?A. International festivals.B. Military conflicts.C. An educational institution.D. Industrial expansion.Product info:Jacobsen Healthy Charms Cereal 500g $6.99By Jacobsen Foods1.8 out of 5 stars815 customer reviewsIt's time to feed your family cereal that's both healthy and exciting! Healthy Charms combines both the fun of sugary cereals with the health benefits of healthy foods. After years of research, we've created this cereal that appeals to both kids and adults alike. It's made with 18 nutritious ingredients that provide your body with vitamins, minerals, and proteins to start your day off right! We've added dried fruits in fun shapes that your children will love.Low in fatLow in sugarNo GMO or artificial colors or ingredientsONLINE REVIEW:1.0 out of 5 stars Definitely tastes healthyBy parentof4 ★★★★★May 18, 2023Well, I can't say I didn't try. I wanted to feed my kids something healthier for breakfast than their usual Frosted O's and Cinnareal, but this one completely failed. My kids aren't even picky, but this cereal tasted like cardboard.There was absolutely nothing fun or "charming" about it. The "shaped fruit" just looked like pressed bugs, and that was the only part of the cereal that tasted good. And it was so expensive on top of it all!RESPONSE:I'm sorry to hear your family did not like our cereal. We had broad feedback making this product and received lots of good reviews about it. Perhaps the transition from a lot of sugar to a product that has almost none was too quick? We want you to be happy and would be glad to send you a beneficial ticket to purchase something else our company makes. Please email us at contact@jacobsenfoods. com and tell us about your situation and we'll get into contact with you.60. What was the company's goal when making Healthy Charms?A.They wanted to be in direct competition with another cereal.B. They wanted to create something that no one had ever heard of.C. They wanted to make kids and parents happy at the same time.D. They wanted to turn a kid's idea into reality with their help.61.What is one complaint parentof4 has?A. The dried fruit was tasty but looked terrible.B. The cereal was a little wet even without milk.C. There was still a lot of sugar for children.D. There was so little cereal inside the box.62. What is the company's explanation for parentof4's complaints?A. They said the family doesn't know what they're talking about.B. They said that the cereal isn't supposed to taste good.C. They said that the product the family purchased was bad.D. They said the family needs more time to get used to it.Pretty much everyone has, at some point, made excuses to avoid working on a task they fear. But some people do this more often than others, which can result in disastrous consequences. Regularly putting off difficult or unpleasant tasks can lead to low grades at school, poor performance at work and financial consequences, such as late fees. Procrastination can also harm relationships and even affect your health, as it increases stress levels, sometimes resulting in illness.It's possible to procrastinate by binge-watching (大量观看) your favorite show or doing other mindless activities, but procrastination doesn't always look like laziness. Some people procrastinate to avoid difficult tasks by working on easier but less important tasks. This can make them feel productive even as they neglect the most important items on their to-do lists.In order to overcome procrastination, you must first understand why you procrastinate. Perhaps you are a perfectionist, so you find not completing a task less upsetting than doing it badly. Perhaps the task is complicated or confusing, and you don't know where to begin. Or perhaps you are waiting to feel inspired to complete the task or believe that you become better under pressure.Correcting your thinking can aid you in overcoming procrastination. You probably tend to overestimate how quickly you can finish tasks and how motivated you will feel later. Most work does not need to wait until you feel inspired, and if you begin the task, feelings of inspiration may follow. Further, research shows that despite some people's perceptions(感知), most individuals do not actually produce better work under pressure.If you are procrastinating because a task seems too overwhelming or too complicated, break it up into smaller pieces that feel more manageable. This can mean doing a part of the task, or dedicating a set amount of time - say, 15 minutes - to working on it.It may help to think about why the task is important. How will it contribute to your goals? How will it affect other people? What negative consequences could come from not doing it in a timely manner?Scheduling when you will work on tasks can be helpful as well, and so can ruthlessly eliminating distractions. You may need to put away your phone or go to a quiet room.Overcoming procrastination is a challenge, but doing so leads to benefits in many areas of life.63.The word procrastinate in the second paragraph most probably means ______.A. keep offB. get offC. put offD. take off64.According to the passage, how many kinds of consequences may result fromprocrastination?A. 5.B. 2.C. 6.D. 7.65.What can we conclude from the passage?A. Nobody can entirely avoid procrastination in his personal life.B. Doing easier or unimportant tasks can make us more productive.C. The more pressure we have, the more productive we will become.D. It's generally more subjective than objective to procrastinate in life.66.The best title for the passage may be ______.A. The challenges of procrastination and strategies to solve itB. The reasons of procrastination and the ways of avoiding itC. The advantages and disadvantages of procrastination in lifeD. The causes and process of procrastination in communicationSection CDirections:Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Mary Poppins held on to her famous black umbrella while floating overhead and singing "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious." The audience watched in amazement, and many sang along! Poppins floated for a bit and eventually landed in the midst of the excited crowd before getting on stage. No, this wasn't a scene from a Disney movie. 67His background helps explain his passion for music. The world-renowned violinist and conductor was born into a musical family in October 1949 in Maastricht, Netherlands. He began learning to play the violin at age five and immediately fell in love with the instrument!68 He started by creating a small ensemble (乐团). Then in 1978, Rieu established the Maastricht Salon Orchestra, from which he later developed the Johann Strauss Orchestra.They had limited success until 1995 when Rieu was asked to provide entertainment for a soccer game. He got the entire stadium to sing along to a popular waltz. 69Today Rieu is the best-selling classical artist worldwide. He has sold in the ballpark of an astonishing 40 million records. He is the biggest male solo touring artist on the planet. His concerts sell more tickets than Beyoncé and Bruce Springsteen!Many classical concerts are serious events, but Rieu's are the opposite. He's been nicknamed "The King of the Waltz" because he loves waltzes. 70 Rieu says, "I love Johann Strauss, but I am also fascinated by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Bruce Springsteen."His shows are attended by people of all ages and always include surprises, like the delightful appearance by Mary Poppins. As Rieu says,"I only play music that touched my heart. And I know when it touches my heart, it will touch your heart." During his performances, many audience members are visibly moved. They often clap, sing, dance, laugh, weep or hug one another. Rieu promises his audience, "You will have an evening that you will never forget."And he is true to his word.IV. Summary Writing71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Before you head out to a run event where there will be many people, you should be aware of the dangers of a crowd crush.Though the risk of crowd crush is rare, it can be deadly when it happens. Crowd crush occurs when many people are packed together and begin to fall over one another. In the past, such instances have caused horrible injury and even death. To avoid such a fate, it's best to escape the crush before it happens.Before attending a crowded event, look up a map of the venue. This will give you an idea of the surroundings - pay special attention to any exits. Once you arrive, choosing the right spot can be crucial. Avoid the middle or front; instead, pick the back or edges of a crowd. It's also important to trust your feelings. Stay aware to see if you feel packed in at any point. The more crowded the event becomes, the sooner you may need to retreat to a safe place.If you do end up in a crush, here's how you can stay safe. The most important thing you can do is stay on your feet. To do this, spread your feet apart and bend your knees a little. Also make sure to move with the flow of the crowd. Trying to move against a crowd of people will only end in disaster.Helping others is another great way to keep everyone safe. Once one person falls down, more people tend to fall over them. So if your neighbor in the crowd falls to the ground, help them up.A common cause of death in a crowd crush isn't being crushed but rather losing air. It's best to hold out your arms in front of your chest. This allows space between you and the person in front of you. It also protects your chest and lungs from being crushed on the ground should you fall.There is usually fun where the crowds are, so enjoy yourself. But remember to stay alert!V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word given in the brackets.72. 我们大家都觉得你的方法很实用。
2018届上海市金山区高三下学期质量监控（二模）英语试题（含答案）
2018届上海市⾦⼭区⾼三下学期质量监控（⼆模）英语试题（含答案）2018届上海市⾦⼭区⾼三下学期质量监控（⼆模）英语试题（含答案）（时间120分钟，分值140分）2018年4⽉I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. For one week. B. For less than a week.C. For two weeks.D. Hard to say.2. A. Go to her sister’s wedding ceremony. B. Stay at home.C. Go to George’s birthday party.D. Go to George’s house-warming party.3. A. 50 dollars. B. 40 dollars. C. 60 dollars. D. 55 dollars.4. A. She feels bored with the idea. B. She thinks ballet is funny.C. She will not go with the man anyway.D. She shows interest in the show.5. A. Snowy. B. Sunny. C. Windy. D. Cloudy.6. A. She hasn’t seen Monet’s paintings for ten years.B. She hasn’t been to the museum for long.C. She has been interested in Monet’s paintings for ten years.D. She used to own one of Monet’s paintings.7. A. Father and daughter. B. Friends.C. Husband and wife.D. Boss and his employee.8. A. The man is not interested in the game this weekend.B. The man is not interested in the team that will play this weekend.C. The man doesn’t want to mention the game.D. The man is not interested in watching any game.9. A. She would see Ellen at last.B. She saw Ellen for the last time not long ago.C. She has many people to see before Ellen.D. She wouldn’t like to see Ellen at all.10. A. The woman is sorry for not being able to spend the holiday with the man.B. The man is a bit annoyed because the woman didn’t tell him her plan for the winter holiday.C. The man is sorry about not being able to go to Malaysia.D. The woman is excited about spending the winter holiday in Malaysia without the man.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 70. B. 80. C. 130. D. 15.12. A. On Tuesdays. B. On Wednesdays.C. On Sundays.D. On Mondays.13. A. The English Family club. B. The painting club.C. The sports club.D. The music club.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Because they haven’t as much interest in finding the cure as in space travel.B. Because there are too many kinds of cold viruses for them to identify.C. Because it is not economical to find a cure for each type of cold.D. Because they believe people can recover without treatment.15. A. They reveal the seriousness of the problem.B. They indicate how fast the virus spreads.C. They tell us what kind of medicine to take.D. They show our body is fighting the virus.16. A. It can actually does more harm than good.B. It causes damage to some organs of our body.C. It works better when combined with other remedies.D. It helps us to recover much sooner.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It lasts till today.B. It lasted about ten years.C. It’s not mentioned in the conversation.D. It lasts forever.18. A. The commercial success of several boys and girls.B. The funny daily stories that happened to a group of close friends.C. How people in Manhattan made their living.D. American culture, mainly the coffee culture.19. A. It always received positive reviews from the critics.B. It enjoyed a high rate of watching.C. It was used as a tool for English learning all over the world.D. It became a cultural phenomenon.20. A. They may go to the ―Central Perk‖ for a cup of coffee.B. They may open a new coffee shop together.C. They may start practicing English with each other.D. They may go to the woman’s place to enjoy the show.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.I was eighteen, summer fading, when my parents drove me to my university apartment. It was my first apartment. ___21___ (walk) my parents solemnly back to their car, I noticed that my mother had tears in her eyes.I ___22___ (struggle) to hold back my own. Such a strong woman was she ___23___ it was rare to see such a show of emotion. At the time, I was rather surprised. Being the youngest of five children, I thought that myparents were accustomed to ___24___ (let) go. But maybe it’s something that never gets any easier, ___25___ ______________ many practice swings you get. As my parents drove off, I realized that they would return to an empty home,___26___ all of their children leaving to pursue dreams and lives of their own. Their nest, full of love and joy for so long, was now empty. Relishing (憧憬) my new-found freedom, I concentrated on my college life. My parents did their best to give me space to learn and grow, even if I neglected to call or visit. It was a time of ―firsts,‖ and a taste of first ―lasts.‖I have recently been playing Travel Frog, a mobile game that has me emotionally ___27___ (influence). In the game you gather resources, send your frog on his adventures and your payoff is, *drum roll please* ... postcards. That’s right, postcards.I thought it was a silly, overly-simplistic game at first, but then it started to bring back memories from long ago.While the game lacks the narrative detail or the interactivity of other games, you have a lesson ___28___ (learn) from your itinerant (四处奔波的) ―Frog Son‖. You do not control when he sets off on his adventures, ___ 29___ can you be sure that your hard work will land you a coveted (梦寐以求的) postcard. This game, however, has emotionally affected many players. They ___30___ (remind) of their parents who restlessly await their return home, their familiar voices, their love. Parents sacrifice a large part of themselves for their children. It is a sacrifice that can only be paid back with love.Section BDirections:Complete the passage with the words given in the table. Each word can be used only once. There is an extra one that you will find no use for.Can Indoor Plants Really Purify the Air?Plants are very important to human life. Through photosynthesis (光合作⽤), they transform carbon dioxide into fresh oxygen. They are said to ___31___ toxins from the air we breathe — but is this true?One famous NASA experiment, published in 1989, found that indoor plants can clean the air by removing cancer-causing pollutants like formaldehyde and benzene. Later research has found that soil micro-organisms in potted plants also play a part in cleaning indoor air.Based on this research, some scientists say house plants are ___32___ air purifiers, and the bigger and leafier the plant, the better. ―The amount of leaf surface area can ___33___ the rate of air purification,‖ says Bill Wolverton, a former NASA research scientist who conducted that 1989 plant study.Other experts, however, say the ___34___ that plants can effectively accomplish this feat is far from conclusive.―There are no definitive studies to show that having indoor plants can ___35___ increase the air quality in your home,‖says Luz Claudio, a professor of environmental medicine and publ ic health at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. There’s no question that plants are capable of removing volatile chemical toxins from the air ―under laboratory conditions,‖according to Claudio. But in the real world —in your home or in your office space —the notion that putting a few plants together can ___36___ your air doesn’t have much hard science to back it up.Most research efforts to date, including the NASA study, placed indoor plants in small, sealed environments in order to___37___ how much air-purifying power they have. But those studies aren’t really ___38___ to what happens in a house, says Stanley Kays, a professor of horticulture at the University of Georgia.In many cases, the air in your home ___39___ turns over — that is, exchanges places with outdoor air —once every hour.―In most instances, air exchange with the outside has a far greater effect on indoor air quality than plants,‖ Kays says.Many people may be disappointed by what Kays said, but the professor also made it clear that he believes house plants are ___40___ — they are not only pleasant living companions, but also provide a number of health benefits. Studies have shown plants can knock out stress by calming the sympathetic nervous system, and can also make people f eel happier. More research shows spending time around nature has a positive effect on a person’s mood and energy levels.III. Reading comprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.What the scientists are saying…The first primate (灵长⽬动物) clonesFor the first time, scientists have used the technique that produced Dolly the sheep to clone monkeys. The Chinese researchers who produced the two macaques say that having access to genetically identical primates will be a huge___41___ to medical research. It will give scientists a clearer understanding of genetic ___42___ by enabling them to compare animals who are identical except for one tweaked gene; when ___43___ drugs, it will make it possible to rule out the possibility that variations in outcomes are down to genetic ___44___. But other experts have raised a host of ___45___. The somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technique involves ___46___ a cell nucleus to a donated nucleus-free egg that is then prompted to develop into an embryo（胚胎）. Although 23 species have been cloned in this way, primates have only been cloned before using a less complex embryo-splitting technique. Similar to the process that creates twins, it can only lead to a very ___47___ number of genetically identical individuals. SCNT can in ___48___ lead to a far larger number of clones, but in the Chinese experiment, the fail rate was very high. The team implanted scores of embryos, but only two monkeys survived beyond a few days. ___49___ to that is the concern that by cloning a primate species, the team has broken down a significant ___50___ on the way to cloning humans.Herbal remedy dangerHerbal remedies such as St. John’s wort and ginseng may be ___51___ when used alongside conventional drugs, reports The Guardian. In a review of medical literature, researchers at Stellenbosch University in South Africa found several___52___ of alternative treatments appearing to ___53___ with prescription drugs, resulting in potentially dangerous side effects. In one case, the autopsy (解剖) of a 55-year-old who died while swimming concluded that the ginkgo biloba supplements he had been taking may have ___54___his anti-seizure (防⽌发作) medicine. Other cases documented patients on statins appearing to suffer complications linked to flaxseed, St. John’s wort and green tea. ―If you are taking herbal remedies, you should ___55___it to your clinician,‖ said one of the report’s authors, Dr Charles Awortwe.41. A. threat B. damage C. benefit D. potential42. A. variations B. diseases C. structures D. factors43. A. manufacturing B. applying C. testing D. prescribing44. A. mess B. differences C. losses D. recombination45. A. concerns B. focuses C. funds D. suspicion46. A. translating B. transferring C. connecting D. reversing47. A. magnificent B. astonishing C. limited D. accurate48. A. theory B. reality C. advance D. addition49. A. Attached B. Related C. Compared D. Added50. A. access B. key C. barrier D. contribution51. A. harmful B. useful C. helpful D. purposeful52. A. methods B. figures C. problems D. instances53. A. deal B. interact C. mix D. identify54. A. put forward B. moved up C. held down D. carried on55. A. claim B. avoid C. classify D. mentionSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Cure for tiredness?Staying up late is a potential battle between parents and kids. But the solution could be as simple as changing your meal time.Researchers at the University of Surry, UK, found that delaying meals could help change one of the internal body clocks. Besides a ―master‖ clock in the brain, there are clocks in other parts of the body. They are usually synchronized according to factors including light.During the study, researchers tested 10 participants to examine the effect of changing meal times on their body clocks. The participants were given three meals – breakfast, lunch and dinner. In the first stage, participants received breakfast 30 minutes after waking. Lunch and dinner followed, after 5-hour intervals. In the second stage, each meal was delayed by 5 hours. Right after each stage, blood and fat samples were collected.Results showed that later meal times greatly influenced blood sugar levels. A 5-hour delay in meal times caused a 5-hour delay in the internal blood sugar rhythms.The discovery showed that meal times are in line with the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.This is a small study but the researchers believe the findings could help jet lag sufferers and night-shift workers.In a study by the University of Surre y in 2013, researchers explored what happened when a person’s body was changed from a normal pattern to that of a night-shift worker’s.After people work through the night, over 97 percent of the bo dy’s rhythmic genes are disrupted.These findings explain why we feel so bad following a long flight, or after working at night, according to Simon Archer, one of the study’s researchers.“It’s like living in a house. There’s a clock in every room in the h ouse and in all of those rooms those clocks are now disrupted, which of course leads to chaos in the household,‖ fellow researcher DerkJan Dijk told the BBC.Changing meal times didn’t affect the ―master‖ body clock – the one controlling when we get sleepy – but it can reset the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.This wouldn’t necessarily cure jet lag completely, but it might reduce the negative effects.A study published earlier this year suggested that just a weekend camping trip could be enough to reset our body clocks.And now this latest research shows regular food schedules could play a key part too.56. What did researchers at the University of Surrey find from their new study?A. Connections between the ―master‖ clock and clocks in ot her parts of the body.B. Changing meal times can be enough to reset one of our body clocks.C. A delay in meal times causes an irregular change in blood sugar rhythms.D. Blood sugar levels are affected by when we eat rather than by our internal clocks.57. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the new study, according to the article?A. The interval between each meal being given was different.B. Blood and fat samples of the two groups of participants were collected.C. Participants were asked to report their feelings after each stage.D. Each meal was served five hours later during the second stage.58. What can we learn from the study by researchers at the University of Surrey from 2013?A. All our body’s genes would b e disrupted if we worked through the night.B. Our genes often become less active after a long flight or night of work.C. The disruption of one gene could lead to the disruption of other genes.D. A disruption to the body’s rhythmic genes can cau se people to feel bad.59. According to the article, ______.A. it’s impossible to reduce the negative effects caused by jet lag or night workB. there is more than one way to reset body clocksC. the ―master‖ body clock controls all the other bo dy clocksD. a change in meal times can reset the ―master‖ body clockThe Government of Canada offers apprentices registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship。
2023年上海市宝山区高三二模英语试卷(含答案)
2023年上海市宝山区高三二模英语试卷（本试卷满分140分，考试时间120分钟）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In the library. B. In the bookstore. C. In the museum. D. In the gallery.2. A. $200. B. $250. C. $300. D. $350.3. A. Accountant. B. Secretary. C. Mechanic. D. Manager.4. A. Customer and tailor. B. Customer and bank clerk.C. Customer and waitress.D. Customer and repairman.5. A. The big one. B. The one on the other side.C. The middle one.D. The one on the far right.6. A. Bring flowers. B. Take a pot plant. C. Buy postcards. D. Send fruits.7. A. Night flights are available to him.B.He can't get any direct flights.C.He has missed the flight he wants.D.Direct flights have been delayed.8. A. She hopes he can stop reading. B. She will turn it off at once.C.She is reluctant to turn it down.D. She thinks reading is not important.9. A. Listen to folk music at home. B. Watch a live performance.C. Appreciate a dance show on TV.D. Go to an exhibition of works of art.10. A. The electronic toy is unique. B. The toy is safe for all users.C. Plastic toys are of low quality.D. The toy isn't environmentally friendly. Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Admiration for one's own appearance. B. A need for popularity.C. A need to belong to a group.D. A love for photography.12. A. Women are more likely to be famous.B. Men are more eager to be seen as popular.C. Men tend to post selfies more often.D. Women use editing software more frequently.13. A. Photos have to be looked at.B. Cameras are mostly used for selfies.C. Clicking "like" doesn't necessarily mean photos have been seen.D. It is the same experience as traditional one.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Suggestions on how to think up great ideas.B.Proposals of how to set up your own business.C.Tips on how to be a successful businessman.D.Ideas about how to treat your customers.15. A. Because your chances of success will be increased.B.Because your business idea will be more creative.C.Because it will help decide whether to further pursue the education.D.Because you can't do your work without business learning.16. A. Because they enter the market with their eyes open.B.Because they believe the more failures, the better.C.Because they were born to be great risk takers.D.Because they can do a careful study to ensure their success.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. A fortune. B. Nothing at all. C. Twice the fortune. D. A little.18. A. The company won't accept it. B. It is partly broken.C. The date on the card isn't correct.D. It is in use today.19. A. Answer the password, dial his dad's number and the number on the card.B. Dial the number on the card and his dad's, then input the password.C. Dial the number on the card, answer the password, and dial his dad's number.D. Dial his dad's number then input the password and the number on the card.20. A. 3:30 p.m. B. 3:30 a.m. C. 6:30 p.m. D. 6:30 a.m. II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank."Wow ... what a beautiful girl!" you think to yourself. Today, you logged into Facebook and saw a friend request from a lovely stranger. You think that she must be a model ( 21 ) _____ all of her photos look very professional. She doesn't have many friends, but maybe she's just new to Facebook. You may ( 22 ) ______ ( tempt ) to accept her request and say hello, but you'd better think twice because you might get catfished!Catfishing is an online cheat ( 23 ) ______ someone on a social media platform pretends to be someone they're not. The word was made popular by a 2010 documentary film with the same name. Just like in the movie, most catfishing cheats start with the catfish ( 24 ) ______ ( try ) to sweet talk their victim into falling in love with them. Why? There are a variety of reasons people catfish.Some catfish attempt ( 25 ) ______ ( charm ) their victim into trusting them, and then ask them for money. Others will ask for sensitive information or private pictures ( 26 ) ______ ______ they can then use them to blackmail (敲诈) their victims into sending them money. But in some situations, catfish are just lonely people, ( 27 ) ______ ( dissatisfy ) with their lives and using social media to live in an alternate reality.On social media, it's possible to remain anonymous (匿名的) even after you ( 28 ) ______ ( start ) building a relationship with someone. According to the Better Business Bureau in the U.S., around 85 percent of catfishing schemes start on Facebook and the Facebook Dating service. In 2021 as the pandemic pushed many to search for love online, romance schemes, such as catfishing, rose ( 29 ) ______ 80 percent compared to 2020. These cheats cost victims around $1.3 billion in losses and left many with psychological and emotional damage.The internet is a wonderful tool that allows users to learn new things, play games and meet interesting people. However, everyone (30) ______ be careful of the catfish who hide in the shadows. If someone seems too good to be true, they probably are!Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the31one thing to look at. Instead, it surrounds them with images and sounds. This usually takes the form of rooms where music plays and images are 32 onto walls, changing when visitors interact with them. Sometimes pleasant smells are added to draw people in through yet another sense. These rooms are known as immersive(沉浸式的) exhibits because they seek to involve viewers completely.The most famous company 33 immersive exhibits is called teamLab. What this company does is draw on people with a huge range of skill sets: artists, engineers, 34 andeven mathematicians. All of these skills are necessary to produce the complex immersive exhibits teamLab is known for. Much of the company's art is based on nature. This is a(n) 35 choice as their goal is to help people feel more connected to the rest of the world. This goal reflects some traditional Asian philosophies, which makes sense because teamLab is a Japanese company. TeamLab's philosophy states that it seeks to transcend (超越) the 36 that people have set up to separate them from other things.Other companies are also developing immersive exhibitions 37 at providing entertainment, education or both. For example, American company Imagine Exhibitions has designed over 40 exhibitions, which combine art, lighting, textures, scents and more. Physical objects are carefully selected and placed throughout the exhibits to add to their realism. The topics of their exhibits 38 from the history of ancient Egypt to nature to TV shows and games such as Angry Birds.Immersive exhibits maybe a new development, but they are 39 by older art forms. Some immersive exhibits are even apparently about the work of artists who worked in other media, such as the painter Vincent van Gogh. Even those who do not reference other artists so clearly are often influenced by older art styles. And many of the immersive exhibits also 40 some form of music.By combining skills and technologies in creative ways, teams are developing new ways for people to experience art.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.You have to make a speech. You have done your research and now have plenty of ideas bouncing around in your head that you want to get across. The big 41 you face at this point is how to organize those thoughts. Or perhaps you are planning to write a paper, and all you have is the main topic. You need to brainstorm some supporting ideas and then 42 how those ideas fit together.These are just two cases that many people deal with 43 . Some use outlining to flesh out and 44 their ideas, but is that the best strategy? If everyone thought in a linear(线性的) manner, then the answer would be yes, but most people don't.Enter mind mapping, a 45 that shows how different ideas and facts relate to one another. This two-dimensional (二维的) 46 is designed to help you remember information because its format is easy for your mind to 47 . Mind maps have proven to increase not only productivity and 48 but also memory. More than 250 million people worldwide use them, so why don't you have a try and see what they are all about?What is a mind map? Simply put, it is one's ideas put into the form of a 49 diagram that starts with a central idea. Put this idea in a bubble(气泡) in the middle of a page with lines radiating out to other bubbles that contain related themes or concepts. It should look like a many-legged spider. Use words, short phrases or 50 to express your ideas. These associations often lead to other ideas that can be added at the same level or in smaller branches where 51 . Use color-coded bubbles for a visual representation of each branch's 52 . You are now mapping your thoughts and ideas in the way your brain thinks.Studies have shown that this technique of using pictures, colors and visual arrangement has improved people's recall and memory of information by 10 to 15 percent. But it doesn't stop there. Creativity is aroused because of the spatial arrangement, 53 people to make more links and associations on topics of any kind. 54 , it increases one's productivity because mind mapping makes it easier to learn faster while communicating more effectively.So whether you're 55 a project or writing a research paper, make this technique a core part of your planning process!41.A. purpose B. change C. question D. project42.A. turn out B. take out C. give out D. figure out43.A. consequently B. frequently C. entirely D. barely44.A. organize B. express C. share D. spread45.A. process B. foundation C. technique D. result46.A. route B. structure C. objective D. direction47.A. remember B. confirm C. draw D. design48.A. confidence B. capacity C. efficiency D. creativity49.A. vivid B. special C. visual D. normal50.A. images B. sentences C. passages D. languages51.A. obvious B. appropriate C. meaningful D. empty52.A. function B. extension C. connection D. determination53.A. encouraging B. enabling C. reminding D. informing54.A. Additionally B. Sincerely C. Briefly D. Generally55.A. in love with B. in terms of C. in favour of D. in charge of Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Digital health refers to the system of interconnected devices that can monitor and report important health information. Doctors can then use that information to ensure that your treatment is tailor-made to your situation.The most useful aspect of digital health is the ability to constantly and accurately monitor vital information. Wearable devices can record your blood pressure or the rhythm of your heartbeat. The information is then accessible remotely through the internet, so your doctor has a wealth of information about your daily health. Your doctor can then use that information remotely to make changes to your treatment at any time.A survey conducted by the company Lightico in March 2020, reveals how satisfied consumers are with this type of remote care. Forty-one percent said that the remote treatment they had received by means of digital devices and the internet was either "good" or "excellent." The same positive attitude toward digital health can be seen among investors. In the first quarter of 2020, US$3.1 billion in new investments poured into the digital health industry, setting a new investment record.Much of the excitement is connected close with the use of voice technology in digital health care. Today, around 2.5 billion devices have voice interfaces (界面) like Alexa, which enable the devices to produce and understand speech. As a result, users can communicate with these devices about their health needs by speaking instead of typing on a computer. Seniors, for example, can use Alexa to check their daily schedules and receive reminders to take their medicine.Advances in digital health, however, also bring privacy concerns. Information regarding your health could be used for advertising or marketing, for example. If health records are accessible online, protecting your information from theft and unauthorized use might be difficult. But if managed properly, the benefits of digital health could certainly outweigh the risks.56.What is this article mainly about?A.The current state of health care trainingB.Health conditions that need urgent attentionC.A technological trend in health careD.Rising pressure on health care workers57.According to this article, what happened during the first three months of 2020?A.A growing number of digital devices were recalled.B.Funding for digital health increased considerably.C.Some digital health firms nearly went out of business.D.Many institutions devoted effort to medical research.58.What does this article explain about Alexa's features?A.How they make workers efficientB.How they can benefit the elderlyC.How they save instructors timeD.How they entertain youngsters59. According to this article, what is one concern about digital health?A.Worries about the side effects caused by modern drugsB.Rising manufacturing costs in the health care industryernment regulations limiting the use of digital devicesD.The danger that personal health data could be stolen( B )60. What does Camilla have to say about sales in her region?A.They've improved.B.They've gone down.C.They've stayed the same.D.They've exploded.61.Why does Bob think commercials via social media is a better use of money?A.Because it doesn't take as much effort to use.B.Because fewer people are used to social media.C.Because of how cool the company will appear.D.Because of their target audience's preference.62. According to the passage, what aspect of the ads is especially effective?A. It shows a lot of different emotions.B. It appeals to people's emotions.C. It contains a very simple message.D. It conveys some subtle ideas.(C)Far below every town and city lies an invisible network of pipes crucial to the lives of their residents. Once water disappears down a pipe or toilet, people rarely think about what happens to it. It's out of sight, out of mind. The water flows into pipes that carry excess rainwater, wastewater and solid waste away, keeping the city clean.There are three main types of sewers (下水道): sanitary (卫生的) sewers, storm sewers and combined sewers. Taipei has both sanitary and storm sewers where rainwater and sewage are collected using different pipes.This sewer system functions as a city's veins (静脉). Water containing human and industrial waste is collected in sanitary sewers and conveyed to sewage treatment plants, the heart of the sewer system, where waste is treated. There, the solid waste is separated from the water, which is then cleaned before being released back into the environment. It will be reused for industrial, agricultural or environmental purposes or to produce energy. Furthermore, the mud and gas from sewage treatment can be used to produce energy. They not only contribute to a healthy environment and good quality of life, but also achieve the goal of sustainable development.While wastewater collection and treatment are critical to the health of urban residents, storm sewers also play an important role in the city. Green space has given way to concrete during the island's rapid development and extensive building projects over the past few decades. As a consequence, there has been a loss of the land's natural water as concrete cannot absorb rainwater. When an extreme weather event like a severe storm or typhoon brings heavy rain, storm sewers must cope with the water, so it does not flood the city. However, storm sewers are only part of the measures for water management and flood prevention.To reduce flooding, an integrated urban drainage management plan has been adopted, where all the factors - storm sewers, land planning and economic development - are considered together. Engineering innovations, additional flood discharge facilities and increased green space requirements in new development projects have improved water maintaining in cities.Who knew that sewers help improve urban public health, prevent urban flooding and boost environmental protection? Together they protect vital water resources and maintain the safety of people and property.63.According to the passage, the word "excess" in the first paragraph probably means______.elessB. pollutedC. extraD. processed64.According to the passage, what does the city build two kinds of sewers for?A.To test wastewater timely and to develop rapidly.B.To treat wastewater and to fight against flooding.C.To form a circulation and to clean the city.D.To clean wastewater and to manage water.65.What can we conclude from the passage?A.What is unseen is as important as what is seen.B.There are three types of sewers in every city.C.People build sewer system because of concrete.D.Sewers are usually repaired every few decades.66.What would be the proper title for the passage?A.A City’s Underground ConstructionB.A City’s Hidden NetworkC.How A City Operates WellD.Two Aspects of A City or TownSection CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.You're enjoying a delicious bowl of noodles or your favorite rice dish, chatting with your friends. Being the responsible person that you are, when you're finished you clean up your table and throw away your garbage, including your disposable (一次性的) chopsticks. These chopsticks wind up in a landfill along with other chopsticks around the globe. 67 Turns out we can.For those consuming Asian food, using chopsticks as eating tools is almost second nature. It has been estimated that 20 to 33 percent of the world's population uses chopsticks on a daily basis. Not all of those are disposable, but no doubt many are. Estimates indicate that up to 80 billion disposable chopsticks are used worldwide every year. 68Enter Felix Bock, a doctoral student at the time in the forestry program at the University of British Columbia, Canada. Bock was eager to find a way to recycle wood from construction projects, and he had a particular interest in bamboo. One day he found a drawer in his girlfriend's house filled with disposable bamboo chopsticks, and an idea began to form in his mind.Bock's smart idea was to give a second life to disposable chopsticks by making them into home decorations. He tried to convince restaurant owners to install recycling bins in their restaurants. He also designed a method to clean and sanitize(消毒) the chopsticks so that they could be reused. 69 The square pieces were then artistically arranged into household and office products. Bock's company, called ChopValue, has repurposed chopsticks into wall decorations, desktops, cutting boards and even table games such as dominoes (多米诺骨牌).Since 2016 when the company was founded, ChopValue has rescued billions of chopsticks from landfills. Instead of an economy based on the typical take-make-dispose model, ChopValue seeks to create one that transforms waste into a usable resource. Bock states in an interview with Global Shakers, "Frankly, I'm frustrated by everyone trying to be sustainable when they are looking away from the visible things that we can do immediately with the materials right in front of us." 70IV. Summary Writing71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Home sweet home - this phrase arouses all sorts of images and feelings. The place you call home might be a house, an apartment, a tent or any of a countless variety of places. But did you know that the condition of your living space can have an impact on your emotions and even on your mental health? By controlling some of these variables, you can help to achieve a more peaceful life.It goes without saying that the lighting in your room or in your house can affect your mood. If the lighting is too weak, it can have a negative effect on your emotions, and your mood may end up matching the dark atmosphere. Artificial light may not do the trick, however. It is better to open your curtains because natural sunlight makes your whole day brighter.You have to do more than just remove poisonous substances from your home. To ensure good mental health, surround yourself with nature. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the presence of green plants in your home can improve your mood.Let's all admit it: We have trouble keeping our space clean. Somehow stuff just tends to pile up. But this problem involves more than just aesthetics(美感). It doesn't just look terrible: it makes you feel terrible. A cluttered room both reveals stress and causes stress. Disorder can indicate that you're too busy to keep things tidy, but then looking at a mess can lead to more stress. Straightening up doesn't have to take all day - just take 10 or 15 minutes and put a few things away. You'll be surprised how much better you'll feel.The color palette(用色风格) of your environment does more than passively reflect your color preferences. It also has an active influence on your mood and even your mental health. Choosing colors that create a calm atmosphere can be a type of therapy.The sky is the limit to ways you can make your environment beneficial to good mental health. You could put up photos of your family and friends or post encouraging notes from people that show how much they love you. Just remember: Your surroundings can make your "home sweet home" even sweeter.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.听说下周音乐会的歌曲都是爱国歌曲。
宝山区高三二模(含答案)
宝山区2017学年第二学期期末高三年级英语学科教学质量监测试卷n . Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passagecohere nt and grammatically correct. For the bla nks with a give n word, fill in each bla nk with the proper form of the give n word; for the other bla nks, use one word that best fits each bla nk.How Much of the Jetsons ' World Has Become a Reality?For most of our readers, The Jetsons may be an unfamiliar name. However, for many American born in or before the 1980s, it is a name we fondly remember. The Jetsons was a popular cartoon that featured a family livi ng in an adva need world _______________________ 21 __people settle in houses built in the sky, work only three days a week and drive flying cars that resemble flyi ng saucers. While sky-high houses and three-day workweeks don 'appear to be on the horiz on, other visi ons of the future ______________________________ 22 __ (turn )into practical realities.Flying cars have bee n on the minds of scie ntists and inven tors for decades. Theyare part of a typical imagi ng of the future fast-paced and luxurious, __ 23 _(allow ) us to speed through the skies. As __ 24 ___ (see) in The Sky's No Ion gerthe Limit , this flight of fancy may soon be a reality in Dubai. Aiming ____ 25 __(become) the world 's most advaneed city, Dubai is currently testing the first-everflying taxi.__ 26 __ money still exists in its current cash-based form in The Jetsons, people today are look ing toward a world where even cash is out-of-date. Bitco in is a type of digital money that has take n the world by storm. Since its in troduct ion, the mon ey's price 27 (in crease ) to rates as high asUS$ 19,000. This, however,may not predict well for the future of digital currency, as experts warn that Bitcoinis a bubble and __ 28 __ crash soon. It 's possible that some dreams of the futuremay still be __ 29 _________ our reach.Other more probable tech no logies already exist, for example, future flying eyehospitals in A Hospital with Wings , unu sual-e ngin eered foldi ng paper in Clever Folding and the population of endangered corals (珊瑚)in Lab-Bred Coral to the Rescue,etc. All these show ______ 30 __ humans are already capable of. So, what else could thefuture have in store for us?Section BDirections : After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you n eed.Computer reads brain activity to find out the music each pers on is liste ning toIn the experiment, six volunteers heard 40 pieces of classical music, rock, pop,jazz, and others. The Neural (神经的) fingerprint of each song on participants 'brain was 31 by the Magnetic Resonance (MR machine while a computer was learningto ide ntify the brain patter ns draw n out by each musical piece. Musical _ 32 _such as tone, volume, rhythm and beat were take n in acco unt by the computer.After that, researchers expected that the computer would be able to do the__ 33 __ way: ide ntify which song participa nts were liste ning to, based on theirbrain activity —tech nique known as brain decodi ng. When faced two opti ons, the computer showed up to 85% __________________ 34 __ in identifying the correct song, which is a greatperforma nee, compari ng to previous studies.Researchers then pushed the test even _______ 35 __ by providing not two but 10 options(e.g. one correct and nine wrong) to the computer. In this situation, the computer correctly identified the song in 74% of the decisions.In the future, studies on brain decoding and machine learning will create possibilities of com muni cati on _ 36 __ any kind of writte n or spoke n Ian guage.“ Machines will be able to translate our musical thoughts into songs, ” says Sebastian Hoefle, researcher from D 'Or In stitute and PhD stude nt from Federal Uni versity of Rio de Jan eiro, Brazil. The study is a result of a _____________________ 37 __ betwee n Brazilia nresearchers and colleagues from Germa ny, Finland and In dia.Accord ing to Hoefle, brain decodi ng researches provide _ 38 __ to un dersta ndn eural functioning and in teract with it using artificial in tellige nee. In the future,he experts to find answers for _______ 39 _ like “ what musical characteristics make some people love a song while others don 't? Is our brain __ 40 __ to prefer a specifickind of music? ”川.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections : For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each bla nk with the word or phrase that best fits the con text.Havi ng a clear picture in mi nd of what their future will look like can motivatestude nts to keep going despite the challe nges of college life. This __ 41 __ seemsto be particularly effective for female students from relatively low socioeconomic status (SES backgrounds says Mesmin Destin of Northwestern University in the US.College is a time of great opport unity for some, but can be __ 42 __ for others.It is often the first time that many students are away from the regular and familiar support of their family and friends. Weak students from lower SESbackgrounds often encounter greater financial and psychological challenges than others, and this canlead to _____ 43 _ and even withdrawal from difficult situations, such as whenin teracti ng with their lecturers or tak ing tests and exams.Desti n and his colleagues wan ted to un dersta nd if stude nts ' _________ 44 __ to academic challenges improve when they look forward to the future. This idea is built around the theory of identity-based motivation. It holds that people can take positive action during times of unfavorable conditions when they ___45___ a successful future for themselves.“ The theory of identity-based motivation proposes that stimulating a focus on a successful future identity may be especially ___46___ in motivating students who are weak during challenging academic situations to develop a sense of action readiness, ”explains Destin. This involves feeling ready and able to take appropriate action when ___47___ difficulty.In two almost identical laboratory experiments —one involving 93 female students, the other 185 students ( including 101 women) -- participants were first asked either to write about their past or their future ___48___. After their deep thoughts, the participants were filmed during an limited interview with a so-called lecturer, and then had to ___49___ a difficult academic test. The research team noted whether participants 'body language was bold and confident, and measured the amount of effort participants '___50___ the academic test.The results were in agreeme nt with the theory of ide ntity -based motivati on. Destin and his team found that having a successful future identity can prevent especially female students from lower SES backgrounds from ___51___ during challenging academic situations. Specially, lower SES women who wrote about their future identities displayed greater action ___52___ compared to those who considered their past. They showed more confident body language. It helped them to make more effort to tackle the test, and had an indirect effect on their ___53___.“ Simulating imagined successful future identities appears to provide a ___54___ pathway to enable weak students to effectively navigate everyday stressors, ”says Destin. “ The findings ___55___ suggest that certain students may benefit from strategies that remind them to image their successful futures before any difficult and important task that they might otherwise be likely to avoid. ”41. A. instruction B. strategy C. challenge D. psychology42. A. disgraceful B. shameful C. harmful D.stressful43. A. hesitation B. intention C. depression D decision44. A. willingness B. options C. responses D. applications45. A. destroy B. imagine C. abandon D.substitute46. A. powerful B. upright C. unique D.ambitious47. A. avoiding B. overcoming C. surrendering D. encountering48. A. experience B. suffering C. success D. failure49. A. design B. complete C. comment D. revise50. A. put away B. put on C. put out D. putinto51. A. withdrawing B. transforming C. advancing D. engaging52. A. quantity B. dullness C. readiness D. inability53. A. fascination B. ignorance C. dilemma D. performance54. A. tolerable B. potential C. straight D. academic55. A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. meanwhileSection BDirections ：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）I believe in getting lost. Lost in the text of the novel that is particular to your thoughts and feelings that you consider special. The song that reminds you of your childhood summers, where you close your eyes and lose yourself reliving a memory; feeling the warm wind brushing against your arm, the smell of the dusty sand that you stir up as you ride your bicycle, murmuring the tune of that song. Like the unprepared Sunday Drive, with no destination. You're free to wander, take paths thatyou 've never noticed, discover places you haven 't been. Then falling off on the path to lead you back home, leaving you to test directions and alertly absorb your surroundings in order to find your way back; that kind of lost.I get lost daily, whether it 's in thought, or the unplanned drive I just decided to go on. Getting lost is an adventurous learning experience that trains you how to be more aware of your surroundings. A few of my most favorite memories involve physically getting lost. That one late night trip back to Ludington from Grand Rapids I took with a few friends. We finally realized we were going the wrong way when we hit South Haven, almost three hours out of our way. There was also the time where I got lost in the De Vos Place in Grand Rapids after the President 's Ball and thenthe parking garage for a solid two hours. I felt like my life was that one scene of an American television situation comedy, minus the air conditioner. At the time, these are nervous experiences that get your anxiety pumping. You 're fearful thatyou won 'tbe safe, but it always works itself out in the end. Physically losing yourself prepares you for how you manage when you emotionally or mentally lose yourself.You don 'always have to be lost in a literal sense to “get lost ” and some ofthe time, losing yourself may not be a positive experienee. There are times where I lose sight of who I am. While lost, I test our metaphorical paths and sometimes they turn out to be the right direetion and other times they were a wrong turn. I make note of these wrong turns, so I can avoid them further on up the road of finding my way back to who I am.In Walde n, Henry David Thoreau wrote “ Not till we are lost, in other words nottill we have lost the world, do we begin to find ourselves, and realize where we are and the infinite extent of our relations. ” Getting lost fuels my curiosity andteaches me lessons on finding my way back to the right track. I believe in getting lost through day dreams, a misplacement, adventures, and difficult times where youmake discoveries about yourself and the atmosphere around you. In order to truly find yourself, I believe that you should put down the map and get wonderfully lost.56. In the first paragraph, the author mainly expresses that ____ .A. lost in a novel is a special feeli ngB. songs remind us of past experie ncesC. wan deri ng is a won derful discoveryD. gett ing lost brings usben efits57. The author men tio ns the experie nces of physically gett ing lost (in paragraph2) in order to say _______ .A. physically gett ing lost is most difficult to deal withB. we can enjoy trips while physically getting lostC. people are easy to get physically lost in our daily lifeD. we realize our surro undings while physically gett ing lost58. Words from Henry David Thoreau (in the last paragraph ) imply that getting lostA. en ables us to look with in and to see outwardB. pulls people back into the previous mome ntC. en ables us to remind ourselves of adve nturesD. helps us enjoy ourselves wherever we are59. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. I Once Was LostB. Won derfully LostC. Physically Getti ng LostD. Men tally Getti ng Lost(B)Two in three America ns shower once a day or more, accord ing to a YouGov poll.Here ' why you might be better off showering less frequently (and here are other ways you_might_be_showering_wrong_ )K ①o x山 u 0ro E」4u - p①-ro o pU 6上申窘ui =4JS P st V /T 3E p -n c」1 [ A] @¥46U-MO--O4①£ 一1七msns① p >o」d MessedSz-L. •s-seqA -ro p r o c o 6u_」eM0lls luo 」4o6c snoAs l u=① u①g .0•ss ①-6u匸①MollsLI6no 」£noAc o①peiuslo①匸①-n4lu」£•」9o q pue①」oiu」QM0lls1 Moll c o①養C 8noA ①。
2024上海宝山区高三二模英语试题及答案
2023-2024学年上海宝山区高三年级英语学科第二次教学质量监测试卷（本试卷满分140分，考试时间120分钟）I.Listening comprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and a question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.Work at the store. B.Sell books. C.Go to the beach. D.Go over lessons.2. A.9:15. B.9:20. C.9:30. D.9:40.3. A.Check the man's eyes. B.Adjust the new glasses.C.Change the old glasses.D.Put on the special spectacles.4. A.At a train station. B.At a theatre. C.At a hotel. D.On a train.5. A.Salesman and customer. B.Professor and student.C.Nurse and patient.D.Doctor and patient.6. A.She avoids most of her neighbours.B.She likes to make friends with everyone.C.Most of the neighbours are unfriendly.D.Some neighbours are hard to deal with.7. A.Her watch is stolen all of sudden.B.She is able to fix her watch.C.Her watch is a few minutes fast.D.Her watch needs checking.8. A.Teaching English is the biggest business throughout the world.nguage schools are being established everywhere.C.Many Canadians are fond of teaching English in Canada.nguage schools are more than other types of schools.9. A.She can find a person to help him.B.She can give him a helping hand.C.She needs a dictionary now,too.D.She picked up a dictionary somewhere.10. A.He's learned a lot from the play.B.He finds the plots hard to follow.C.He can tell the characters from each other.D.He usually has difficulty telling characters.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two passages and one longer conversation.After each passage or conversation,you will be asked several questions.The passages and conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11. A.By depositing layers of material on top of each other.B.By creating a solid object on paper.C.By laying down ink on a2D material.D.By setting down layers of different ingredients.12. A.It can make items with a water-absorbent material.B.It can manufacture shape-shifting3D structures.C.It can print3D items using different materials.D.It can double3D items in volume in water.13. A.Developing numerous new materials.ing a water-absorbent material in projects.C.Having a wide range of applications.D.Producing a framework that can fold and stretch.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14. A.Harmful substances in the smoke from homes.B.Damp chemical gases from factory chimneys.C.Smoke from homes mixed with dust in the air.D.Mixture of fog,smoke and other waste gases.15. A.Harmful gases rise and fall between layers of cold and warm air.B.Smoke and chemical gases build up under a layer of warm air.C.Smoke and waste gases remain near the ground as cold air pours in.D.Thick smoke and gases blown by the wind pile up above warm air.16. A.Temperature inversion. B.Solar radiation.C.Automobile exhausts.D.Foggy weather.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17. A.Because she wants to buy some secondhand things.B.Because she thinks it amazing to eat and bargain there.C.Because she decides to buy some big-ticket items.D.Because she is too busy in the daytime on weekends.18. A.Flea markets are held in the daytime only.B.Flea markets only provide used things.C.Night markets only happen on weekends.D.Only night markets provide good deals.19. A.2. B.4. C.5. D.6.20. A.Trash and treasure go hand in hand. B.One's trash is similar to his treasure.C.Trash is equal to treasure to a degree.D.Different people have different needs.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Imagine you are out fishing on the high seas-the wind and water are clean and comfortable and you begin bringing up your first catch of the day.That's when everything goes wrong.Your fishing nets are tangled up(缠成一团)in older,abandoned fishing tool,and you're unable to untangle them.Your equipment(21)_____(ruin),and all of the fish you have worked so hard to catch are trapped.They will die(22)_____you are unable to draw or free them.Ghost fishing has claimed yet another victim.Ghost fishing is what abandoned fishing tool does.It still catches fish,but no one benefits. Trapped fish die and attract scavengers(清道夫)(23)_____also get caught,creating a vicious cycle.In fact,lost fishing tool,or"ghost tool,"is among(24)_____(great)killers in the oceans. This tool further reduces the already declining number of fish.Environmental agencies estimate that10percent of all seawater litter is lost or deserted fishing tool(25)_____(equal)640,000tons every year.Fortunately,these agencies are asking why this is happening and what(26)_____be done to stop it.It's not the intention of the majority of fishermen to lose their tool.In most circumstances bad weather is to blame.But in other cases fishermen throw their tool in the ocean on purpose,risking expensive fines.But to them,it's worth the risk(27)_____(free)up space onboard,cut fuel costs or avoid paying handling fees.(28)_____equipment loss is accidental or not,a strategy involving tool identification seems to be a practical solution.By marking tool with electronic tags and utilizing GPS technology,owners are more likely to recover lost tool and less likely to abandon it.Currently,ownership regulations are reportedly very weak.Leading the effort for tagging fishing tool and creating accountability is the GGTI(Global Ghost Tool Initiative).(29)_____(launch)in2015,the GGTI is the first organization of its kind. It's brought together an organization of governments,fishing-industry executives,seafood companies and non-profits.Their efforts to get back and recycle the tool(30)_____(improve) marine environment,protecting fish and fishermen's way of life.Ghost fishing poses a serious threat to the fishing industry worldwide,and a global effort is needed to solve it.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.processB.impactingC.appearanceD.linkedE.assessmentF.costlyG.crucialH.highlyI.legalJ.pauseK.marketedTobacco use and its negative impacts on health have been well-documented for decades. Traditional tobacco products,such as cigarettes,have been31to a wide range of health problems,including cancer,heart disease,respiratory(呼吸的)disorders and others.According to a survey,78.3percent of smokers start smoking before age20.Taiwan Province of China hasraised the32smoking age to20or above.By instituting this change,they hope to reduce the number of young people taking up the habit.Despite being33as a safe alternative to traditional cigarettes,heated tobacco products (HTPs)are still considered tobacco.As such,they pose significant dangers to human health.The heating34used in these products releases harmful chemicals and poisons,including tar(焦油),carbon monoxide and nicotine,a(n)35addictive substance.HTPs are packaged to appeal to young people who perceive them as safer than smoking.To prevent young people from experimenting with HTPs and36their health,Taiwan Province strictly controls every kind of tobacco product by adding a health risk37review mechanism. Only products that pass the review process are allowed to be manufactured,imported and sold to consumers.The innumerable downsides to smoking should give smokers38and encourage them to quit.Quitting tobacco improves your health and reduces your risk of various diseases,including cancer,heart disease,and breathing problems.Quitting smoking can also improve your39. Tobacco use can cause wrinkles and yellow teeth.Quitting can lead to healthier skin,whiter teeth and fresher breath.Smoking can also dull your senses of taste and smell.By stopping tobacco use, your senses recover,leading to enhanced enjoyment of food and beverages.Unfortunately,quitting tobacco isn't easy.Most people will also encounter numerous challenges including nicotine withdrawal and symptoms such as eagerness,irritability(易怒)and difficulty concentrating.Supportive social environments,coping strategies and professional help are40for overcoming these things and living a smoke-free life.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.For decades,people have guessed that artificial intelligence(AI)will eventually replace human workers.But developments in the past few years have41these concerns as companies have released AI that can answer questions,write articles and create images.Now,even people in creative fields must consider the42of AI replacing them.But many experts still insist that these AI programs are no substitute for human ability.AI programs have the43to perform some tasks currently performed by human workers. These include media jobs,such as writing advertisements and articles,along with many jobs in the financial fields and even tech-related jobs such as computer programming.AI is good at44 data,so financial analysts and market research analysts may find their jobs45.Using AI for certain tasks may be a good thing.Perhaps AI will46less interesting work, allowing people to do more satisfying jobs,just as earlier technologies ing a machine to do laundry saves time47to washing clothes by hand,and many people use that extra time productively.48,AI may be able to take over dull tasks,liberating people to be truly creative, since thinking up new ideas is something AI cannot do.Another big challenge for AI is human49.Most people prefer to communicate with humans rather than machines.Hence,AI is50to replace humans for jobs that require personal connection,such as counseling or teaching.A robot can perform tasks,but it cannot51 care about others,and sometimes care is what people need.AI can process data quickly,but it can only use data that it is given.So it cannot adapt to situations that52significantly from those in its data.Thus,although some AI programs can create content,none of them can be truly creative as the content AI creates will53consist of some combination of its sources.Finally,if the AI receives false information,it has no way of recognizing that as false.Humans can also be fooled,but life experience can tell them whether a claim is reasonable,an ability that AI does not have.54,AI must continually be fact-checked to make sure its data,and therefore its conclusions,are accurate.Thus,although AI may replace some jobs,others require a human55.At best AI may eliminate certain boring parts of tasks so that humans can focus on things that only they can do.41.A.denied B.prevented C.transferred D.intensified42.A.function B.possibility C.capability D.character43.A.potential B.schedule C.objective D.ambition44.A.searching B.providing C.analyzing D.storing45.A.at risk B.at work C.at last D.at least46.A.bring over B.get over C.turn over D.take over47.A.wasted pared C.consumed D.spared48.A.However B.Therefore C.Similarly D. Meanwhile49.A.interaction B.resource C.resistance D.creativity50.A.unwilling B.unlikely C.unfair D.unfortunate51.A.deeply B.accurately C.directly D.genuinely52.A.evolve B.range C.differ D.result53.A.inevitably B.immediately C.insignificantly D.improbably54.A.Frequently B.Generally C.Instantly D.Consequently55.A.nature B.need C.touch D.permission Section BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Every summer,Europeans and tourists from all over the world sail by boat down the Danube River.Their trips often begin in Nuremberg,Germany,where they can visit the Imperial Castle,the ancient city wall,and the water fountain in Market Square.From Nuremberg,the boats proceed down the Danube to Melk,which for centuries was one of Europe's most important religious centers.Among the interesting sights in Melk is its famous church tower.After Melk,the boats pass through wine country to Vienna.Called the"City of Waltzes", Vienna has a magnificent opera house and an imperial palace.Aside trip from Vienna takes visitors into the Austrian Alps.The tour bus trip offers marvelous views of the surrounding countryside.From Vienna,the boats sail to Budapest.The capital of the central-European country of Hungary,Budapest boasts a history that's more than2,000years old.The city's name combines those of"Buda","Obuda"and“Pest",once separate towns on either side of the Danube River.In1873,these towns were unified and their names combined into one. Budapest's World Heritage site also comprises several distinct areas,designated(指定)by UNESCO starting in1987.These include the Castle District,the Banks of the Danube,Gellért Hill and Andrássy Avenue.At each of these locations,you can explore many hundreds of years of history,art and culture.One great way of doing so is through guided walking tours.Some of these tours are free,led by local people who have extensive knowledge of their city.Or,if you prefer something that's faster-paced and easier on the legs,try a Segway tour!The Castle District displays centuries of the city's history.Numerous attacks,wars and natural disasters destroyed much of the original Castle Quarter.Still,beauty and charm remain.56.What does this article mainly describe?A.Voyages with several interesting stops.B.Cycling through urban and rural areas.C.Travel by air to a continent's oldest towns.D.Fascinating rides on a historic railway.57.What does Vienna's nickname imply about the city?A.Its location made it an important political center.B.Hunting was a popular activity there years ago.C.It has attracted a lot of people who enjoy skating.D.Dancing has been an important part of its culture.58.What does the article point out about some of the tours that people can take in Budapest?A.They frequently include a meal.B.They don't cost anything.C.They require advance reservations.D.They may not be entirely safe.59.According to the article,which have impacted Budapest's Castle quarter in the past?A.International festivals.itary conflicts.C.An educational institution.D.Industrial expansion.Product info:Jacobsen Healthy Charms Cereal500g$6.99By Jacobsen Foods1.8out of5stars815customer reviewsIt's time to feed your family cereal that's both healthy and exciting!Healthy Charms combines both the fun of sugary cereals with the health benefits of healthy foods.After years of research, we've created this cereal that appeals to both kids and adults alike.It's made with18nutritious ingredients that provide your body with vitamins,minerals,and proteins to start your day off right! We've added dried fruits in fun shapes that your children will love.Low in fatLow in sugarNo GMO or artificial colors or ingredientsONLINE REVIEW:1.0out of5stars Definitely tastes healthyBy parentof4★★★★★May18,2023Well,I can't say I didn't try.I wanted to feed my kids something healthier for breakfast than their usual Frosted O's and Cinnareal,but this one completely failed.My kids aren't even picky,but this cereal tasted like cardboard.There was absolutely nothing fun or"charming"about it.The "shaped fruit"just looked like pressed bugs,and that was the only part of the cereal that tasted good. And it was so expensive on top of it all!RESPONSE:I'm sorry to hear your family did not like our cereal.We had broad feedback making this product and received lots of good reviews about it.Perhaps the transition from a lot of sugar to a product that has almost none was too quick?We want you to be happy and would be glad to send you a beneficial ticket to purchase something else our company makes.Please email us at contact@ and tell us about your situation and we'll get into contact with you.60.What was the company's goal when making Healthy Charms?A.They wanted to be in direct competition with another cereal.B.They wanted to create something that no one had ever heard of.C.They wanted to make kids and parents happy at the same time.D.They wanted to turn a kid's idea into reality with their help.61.What is one complaint parentof4has?A.The dried fruit was tasty but looked terrible.B.The cereal was a little wet even without milk.C.There was still a lot of sugar for children.D.There was so little cereal inside the box.62.What is the company's explanation for parentof4's complaints?A.They said the family doesn't know what they're talking about.B.They said that the cereal isn't supposed to taste good.C.They said that the product the family purchased was bad.D.They said the family needs more time to get used to it.Pretty much everyone has,at some point,made excuses to avoid working on a task they fear. But some people do this more often than others,which can result in disastrous consequences. Regularly putting off difficult or unpleasant tasks can lead to low grades at school,poor performance at work and financial consequences,such as late fees.Procrastination can also harm relationships and even affect your health,as it increases stress levels,sometimes resulting in illness.It's possible to procrastinate by binge-watching(大量观看)your favorite show or doing other mindless activities,but procrastination doesn't always look like laziness.Some people procrastinate to avoid difficult tasks by working on easier but less important tasks.This can make them feel productive even as they neglect the most important items on their to-do lists.In order to overcome procrastination,you must first understand why you procrastinate. Perhaps you are a perfectionist,so you find not completing a task less upsetting than doing it badly. Perhaps the task is complicated or confusing,and you don't know where to begin.Or perhaps you are waiting to feel inspired to complete the task or believe that you become better under pressure.Correcting your thinking can aid you in overcoming procrastination.You probably tend to overestimate how quickly you can finish tasks and how motivated you will feel later.Most work does not need to wait until you feel inspired,and if you begin the task,feelings of inspiration may follow.Further,research shows that despite some people's perceptions(感知),most individuals do not actually produce better work under pressure.If you are procrastinating because a task seems too overwhelming or too complicated,break it up into smaller pieces that feel more manageable.This can mean doing a part of the task,or dedicating a set amount of time-say,15minutes-to working on it.It may help to think about why the task is important.How will it contribute to your goals? How will it affect other people?What negative consequences could come from not doing it in a timely manner?Scheduling when you will work on tasks can be helpful as well,and so can ruthlessly eliminating distractions.You may need to put away your phone or go to a quiet room.Overcoming procrastination is a challenge,but doing so leads to benefits in many areas of life.63.The word procrastinate in the second paragraph most probably means______.A.keep offB.get offC.put offD.take off64.According to the passage,how many kinds of consequences may result fromprocrastination?A.5.B.2.C.6.D.7.65.What can we conclude from the passage?A.Nobody can entirely avoid procrastination in his personal life.B.Doing easier or unimportant tasks can make us more productive.C.The more pressure we have,the more productive we will become.D.It's generally more subjective than objective to procrastinate in life.66.The best title for the passage may be______.A.The challenges of procrastination and strategies to solve itB.The reasons of procrastination and the ways of avoiding itC.The advantages and disadvantages of procrastination in lifeD.The causes and process of procrastination in communicationSection CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Afterward,he sold over200,000CDs and his popularity rising.B.Rather,it was part of one of AndréRieu's amazing concerts.C.As a result,Rieu became a house-hold name and won great popularity.D.Yet his shows consist of an extensive variety of musical genres and performances.E.Then,Rieu continued his style until he got his nickname.F.From early on,Rieu knew what he wanted-his own orchestra.Mary Poppins held on to her famous black umbrella while floating overhead and singing "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious."The audience watched in amazement,and many sang along! Poppins floated for a bit and eventually landed in the midst of the excited crowd before getting on stage.No,this wasn't a scene from a Disney movie.67His background helps explain his passion for music.The world-renowned violinist and conductor was born into a musical family in October1949in Maastricht,Netherlands.He began learning to play the violin at age five and immediately fell in love with the instrument!68He started by creating a small ensemble(乐团).Then in1978,Rieu established the Maastricht Salon Orchestra,from which he later developed the Johann Strauss Orchestra.They had limited success until1995when Rieu was asked to provide entertainment for a soccer game.He got the entire stadium to sing along to a popular waltz.69Today Rieu is the best-selling classical artist worldwide.He has sold in the ballpark of an astonishing40million records.He is the biggest male solo touring artist on the planet.His concerts sell more tickets than Beyoncéand Bruce Springsteen!Many classical concerts are serious events,but Rieu's are the opposite.He's been nicknamed "The King of the Waltz"because he loves waltzes.70Rieu says,"I love Johann Strauss, but I am also fascinated by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Bruce Springsteen."His shows are attended by people of all ages and always include surprises,like the delightful appearance by Mary Poppins.As Rieu says,"I only play music that touched my heart.And I know when it touches my heart,it will touch your heart."During his performances,many audience members are visibly moved.They often clap,sing,dance,laugh,weep or hug one another.Rieu promises his audience,"You will have an evening that you will never forget."And he is true to his word.IV.Summary Writing71.Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.Before you head out to a run event where there will be many people,you should be aware of the dangers of a crowd crush.Though the risk of crowd crush is rare,it can be deadly when it happens.Crowd crush occurs when many people are packed together and begin to fall over one another.In the past,such instances have caused horrible injury and even death.To avoid such a fate,it's best to escape the crush before it happens.Before attending a crowded event,look up a map of the venue.This will give you an idea of the surroundings-pay special attention to any exits.Once you arrive,choosing the right spot can be crucial.Avoid the middle or front;instead,pick the back or edges of a crowd.It's also important to trust your feelings.Stay aware to see if you feel packed in at any point.The more crowded the event becomes,the sooner you may need to retreat to a safe place.If you do end up in a crush,here's how you can stay safe.The most important thing you can do is stay on your feet.To do this,spread your feet apart and bend your knees a little.Also make sure to move with the flow of the crowd.Trying to move against a crowd of people will only end in disaster.Helping others is another great way to keep everyone safe.Once one person falls down,more people tend to fall over them.So if your neighbor in the crowd falls to the ground,help them up.A common cause of death in a crowd crush isn't being crushed but rather losing air.It's best to hold out your arms in front of your chest.This allows space between you and the person in front of you.It also protects your chest and lungs from being crushed on the ground should you fall.There is usually fun where the crowds are,so enjoy yourself.But remember to stay alert! V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the word given in the brackets.72.我们大家都觉得你的方法很实用。
2018届上海市各区高三英语二模试卷题型分类专题汇编--阅读理解A篇--学生版(已校对)
Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)William Herschel was born on November 15th, 1738 in Hanover in a family of musicians. In 1757, he fled to England and began earning a living as an organist and later composer and conductor. In 1772, he convinced his sister Caroline to join him as a singer. In their spare time the brother-sister team became occupied in astronomy. William died at his home in Slough, near Windsor on August 25th,1822, and Caroline on September 1st,1848.Herschel’s first major discoveries were to show that Mars and Jupiter exhibit axial rotation (绕轴自转). Herschel struck fame in 1781, when on March 13th, he discovered the planet Uranus (天王星) while engaged in work aimed at determining stellar parallax (恒星视差). This being the first new planet discovered since ancient times, Herschel, until then a mere amateur astronomer relatively unknown even in England, became world-famous. Adopting a historically proven strategy, Herschel named the new planet Georgium Sidum, in honor of the then ruling English king George III. The trick worked once again, as King George III gave William and Caroline the titles of “The King’s Astronomer” and “Assistant to the King’s Astronomer”, an honor which came with a life’s pension for both. In 1782 they moved to Bath, and shortly thereafter to Slough, and from this point on William and Caroline could devote themselves entirely to astronomy. The Herschels went on to discover two moons of Uranus in 1787.While Caroline became increasingly occupied with the search for comets at which she was quite successful, William became for a time interested in the Sun. Inspired by Wilson’s 1774 work, he put forth the theory of sunspot, an opinion that continued to exist well into the nineteenth century. In 1800, he became interested in the solar spectrum (太阳光谱), and uncovered the first evidence for solar energy output outside of the visible spectrum, in what is now known as the infrared(红外线). In 1801, he published two papers that effectively started the field of solar influences on Earth’s weather.56.Herschel made himself known to the world mainly by __________.A. discovering the planet UranusB. determining stellar parallaxC. discovering two moons of UranusD. uncovering the evidence for the infrared57. It can be inferred from the passage that George III __________.A. liked science and technologyB. liked Herschel’s naming of the new planetC. was interested in astronomyD. gave Herschel a lot of useful suggestions58. What do we know about Caroline from the passage?A. She was successful in music.B. She was titled “The King’s Astronomer”.C. She died later than her brother.D. She published two papers.59. This passage mainly tells readers .A. some information about Herschel and his sisterB. how Herschel and his sister discovered the planet UranusC. Herschel and Caroline got along well with each otherD. Herschel and Caroline’s major scientific publicationsSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The cold northern wind here in the streets of Petersburg strengthens my nerves and fills me with delight. I cannot think of the Pole as cold and empty;in my imagination it is a region of beauty and delight. Who knows what strange landscapes and creatures we may find there. I shall satisfy my curiosity with the sight of an unknown part of the world-and walk where no man has before.Thinking of it, I feel the same joy a child feels when he sails his little boat on a voyage of discovery up his native river.This voyage was the favorite dream of my early years. My education was neglected, yet I was passionately fond of reading. Uncle Thomas's library contained only books about exploration, which I read day and night. Finally my thoughts comes to the idea of making a voyage of discovery.Six years have passed since I decided on the present voyage. I can, even now, remember the hour when I committed myself to this great enterprise. I began by making my body used to hardship. I went on whale hunting voyages to the North Sea; I voluntarily endured cold, hunger, thirst, and lack of sleep. I often worked harder than the common sailors during the day. Then, at nights, I studied mathematics, the theory of medicine,and sciences of practical importance for a seagoing adventurer. Twice I took jobs as an officer on a Greenland whaling ship. I felt a little proud when my captain asked me to remain with the ship, so valuable did he consider my services. And now, do I not deserve to achieve some great task? My life might have been passed in ease and comfort, but I preferred glory to every pleasure that wealth placed in my path.56.What does the author think of the Pole?A.It reminds him of his childhood.B. It must be a region full of surprises.C. It would fulfil his dream to be an adventurer.D. It's too cold a destination with almost nothing.57. To realize his childhood dream, the author got _______.A. physically prepared by experiencing great sufferingB. spiritually prepared by gaining captain's recognitionC. academically prepared by reading books on explorationD. financially prepared by serving on a whale hunting ship.58. According to the passage, the author is definitely a person full of _______.A. curiosityB. fancyC. perseveranceD.prideSection CDirections：Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.(A)In 1982, I had responsibility for Stephen Hawking’s third academic book for the Press, Superspace and Supergravity. This was a messy collection of papers from a technical workshop on how to devise a new theory of gravity. While that book was in production, I suggested he try something easier: a popular book about the nature of the Universe, suitable for the general market.Stephen hesitated over my suggestion. He already had an international reputation as a brilliant theoretical physicist working on rotating black holes and theories of gravity. And he had concerns about financial matters: importantly, it was impossible for him to obtain any form of life insurance to protect his family in the event of his death or becoming totally dependent on nursing care. So, he took precious time out from his research to prepare the rough draft of a book.At the time, several bestselling physics authors had already published non-technical books on the early Universe and black holes. Stephen decided to write a more personal approach, by explaining his own research in cosmology and quantum theory.One afternoon, in the 1980s, he invited me to take a look at the first draft, but first he wanted to discuss cash. He told me he had spent considerable time away from his research, and that he expected advances and royalties(定金和版税) to be large. When I pressed him on the market that he foresaw, he insisted that it be on sale, up front, at all airport bookshops in the UK and the US. I told that was a tough call for a university press. Then I thumbed the typescript. To my dismay, the text was far too technical for a general reader.A few weeks later he showed me a revision, much improved. Eventually, he decided to place it with a mass market publisher rather than a university press. Bantam published A Brief History of Time in March 1988. Sales took off like a rocket, and it ranked as a bestseller for at least five years. The book’s impact on the popularization of science has been incalculable.56. What suggestion did the writer give to Stephen Hawking?A. Simplifying Superspace and Supergravity.B. Formulating a new theory of gravity.C. Writing a popular book on the nature of the universe.D. Revising a book based on a new theory.57. Which of the following was Stephen Hawking most concerned about?A. Financial returns.B. Other competitors.C. Publishing houses.D. His family’s life insurance.58. The underlined word “thumbed” is closest in meaning to _______.A. praisedB. typedC. confirmedD. browsed59. The greatest contribution of the book A Brief History of Time lies in _______.A. bringing him overnight fame in the scientific worldB. keeping up the living standard of his familyC. making popular science available to the general publicD. creating the rocketing sales of a technical bookSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Warning from ExpertsA growing amount of human- made orbital debris(太空轨道残骸)---from rocket stages and out-of-date satellites---- is circling the Earth. Scientists say the orbital debris, better known as space junk, poses an increasing threat to space activities. “This is a growing environmental problem,”said Nicholas Johnson, the chief scientist and program manager for orbital debris at NASA(美国航空航天局) in Houston, Texas.Johnson and his team have developed a computer model capable of simulating past and future amounts of space junk. The model predicts that even without future rocket or satellite launches, the amount of debris in low orbit around Earth will steady through 2055, after which it will increase. While current efforts have focused on limiting future space junk, these scientists say removing large pieces of old space junk will soon be necessary.Since the first launch of satellite in 1957, humans have been generating space junk. The U.S. Space Surveillance Network is currently tracking over 13,000 human-made objects larger than ten centimeters in diameter orbiting the Earth. “Of the 13,000 objects, over 40 percent came from breakups of both spacecraft and rocket bodies,” Johnson said. In addition, there are hundreds of thousands of smaller objects in space. These include everything from pieces of plastic to bits ofpaint. Much of this smaller junk has come from exploding rocket stages. Stages are sections of a rocket that have their own fuel or engines.These objects travel at speeds over 35,000 kilometers an hour. At such high speed, even small junk can tear holes in a spacecraft or disable a satellite by causing electrical shorts that result from clouds of superheated gas.Johnson believes it may be time to think about how to remove junk from space. Previous proposals range from sending up spacecrafts to grab junk and bring it down to using lasers to slow an objects orbit to cause it to fall back to Earth more quickly. Given current technology, those proposals appear neither technically nor economically practical, “Space junk is like any environmental problem,” Johnson admits. “I t’s growing. If you don’t deal with it now, it will only become worse, and the solutions in the future are going to be even more costly.”56. What is this passage mainly talking about?A. Advanced technology is used to remove space junk.B. NASA is responsible for the environmental problem.C. Cleaning up the space junk is greatly needed.D. Human activities generate much orbital debris.57. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?A. Rocket launches produce more debris than satellite launches.B. Space junk is endangering human beings' space activities.C. It's necessary to clean up the large pieces of old space junk.D. Even a tiny piece of space junk can destroy a spacecraft58. What does John think of the previous proposals to grab space junk and bring it down to the earth?A. Reasonable.B. Unbelievable.C. Reliable.D. Impractical.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Have you ever had the experience of talking to someoneand you think they are lying? Well, you are not alone. We’veall had that feeling. But did you know that there are severalthings you can look for to see if you are being lied to?Sometimes you can tell if a person is lying by observing what they do with their body. When people are lying they tend not to move their arms, hands or legs very far from their body. They don’t want to take up very much space because they don’t want to be noticed. Sometimes a person who is lying will not look you in the eyes. Other times people who lie try to look at you in a strong way because they want to convince you they are telling the truth.Liars also use deflection. For example, if you ask a liar t he question “Did you steal Fatima’s bag?”, they may answer with something like “Fatima is my friend. Why would I do that?” In this situation the person is telling the truth, but they are also not answering the question. They are trying to deflect your attention. Liars may also give too many details. They may try to over-explain things. They do this because they want to convince you of what they are saying.Often when a person is lying, they do not want to continue talking about their lie. If you think someone is lying, quickly change the subject. If the person is lying, they will appear more comfortable because they are not talking about their lie any longer. A little later, change the subject back to what you were talking about before. If the person seems uncomfortable again, they may be lying.It’s very hard for a liar to avoid filling silence created by you. He or she wants you to believe the lies being woven; silence gives no feedback on whether or not you’ve bought the story. If you’re a good listener, you’ll already be avoiding interruptions, which in itself is a great technique to let the story unfold.Just because a person is showing these behaviors, it does not mean they are lying. They might be shy or nervous. But, if you think someone is lying, you might want to use some of these techniques. Hopefully, you won’t need to very often.56. By saying “Liars also use deflection”, the writer means that liars may __________.A. tell great storiesB. change tone of voiceC. ask a question in replyD. avoid direct answers57. According to the passage, a person could be lying if he or she ____________.A. offers more information than necessaryB. appears to be shy or nervousC. changes the subject of the conversationD. speaks very fast and vaguely58. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Liars always try to avoid direct eye contact when they tell lies.B. We can make people lie by changing the subject in a conversation.C. Liars are often expansive in hand and arm movements while talking.D. We make liars uncomfortable by giving no feedback in a conversation.59. The passage mainly talks about __________.A. who deceives usB. why people tell liesC. how to detect liesD. what to do with liarsSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AIf a diver surfaces too quickly, he may suffer the bends. Nitrogen(氦)dissolved in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure. The consequence, if the bubbles accumulate(累积) In a joint,, is sharp pain and a bent body—thus the name. If the bubbles form in his lungs or his brain, the consequence can be death.Other air-breathing animals also suffer this decompression (减压) sickness if they surface too fast: whales, for example. And so, long ago, did ichthyosaurs(鱼龙).That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from their bones. If bubbles of nitrogen form inside the bone they can cut off its blood supply. This kills the cells in the bone, and consequently weakens it, sometimes to the point of collapse. Fossil bones that have caved in on themselves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends.Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas knew all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in the past. What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the150 million years. To this end, he and his colleagues traveled the world's natural-history museums, looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.When he started, he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils, reflecting their gradual evolution of measures to deal with decompression. Instead, he was astonished to discover the opposite. More than 15% of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs had suffered the bends before they died, but not a single Triassic specimen(标本)showed evidence of that sort of injury.If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti-decompression means, they clearly did so quickly-and, most strangely, they lost it afterwards. But that is not what Dr. Rothschild thinks happened. He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change.Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator (掠食性动物) such as a large shark. One of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and crocodiles, both of which were fond of ichthyosaur lunches. Triassic oceans, by contrast, were mercifully shark and crocodile-free. In the Triassic, then, ichthyosaurs were top of the food chain. In the Jurassic and Cretaceous, they were prey (猎物)as well as predator—and often had to make a speedy exit as a result.56. Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends?A. A twisted bodyB. A gradual decrease in blood supply.C. A sudden release of nitrogen in blood.D. A drop in blood pressure57. The purpose of Rothschild's study is to see___.A. how often ichthyosaurs caught the bendsB. how ichthyosaurs adapted to decompressionC. why ichthyosaurs bent their bodiesD. when ichthyosaurs broke their bones58. Rothschild's finding stated in Paragraph 4_____.A. confirmed his assumptionB. speeded up his research processC. disagreed with his assumptionD. changed his research objectives59. Rothschild might have concluded that ichthyosaurs_______.A. failed to evolve an anti-decompression meansB. gradually developed measures against the bendsC. died out because of large sharks and crocodilesD. evolved an anti-decompression means but soon lost itSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AOne Friday morning, before Michael was leaving for work he told his wife that he had finally determined to ask his boss for a salary raise. All day Michael felt nervous and anxious as he thought about the upcoming showdown. What if Mr. Duncan refused to grant his request? Michael had worked so hard in the last 18 months and brought some great benefits to Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency. Of course, he deserved a wage increase.The thought of walking into Mr. Duncan's office left Michael weak in the knees. Late in the afternoon he was finally courageous enough to approach his superior. To his delight and surprise, the ever- frugal (一惯节省的) Rowland Duncan agreed to give Michael a raise!Michael arrived home that evening-despite breaking all city and state limits-to a beautiful table set with their best china, and candles lit. His wife, Cassie, had prepared a delicate meal including his favourite dishes. Immediately he thought someone from the office had tipped her off!Next to his plate Michael found a beautiful lettered note. It was from his wife. It read: "Congratulations, my love! I knew you'd get the raise! I prepared this dinner to show just how much I love you. I am so proud of your accomplishments!" He read it and stopped to think about how sensitive and caring Cassie was.After dinner, Michael was on his way to the kitchen to get dessert when he observed that a second card had slipped out of Cassie's pocket onto the floor. He bent forward to pick it up. It read:"Don't worry about not getting the raise! You do deserve one! You are a wonderful provider and I prepared this dinner to show you just how much I love you even though you did not get the increase."Suddenly tears swelled in Michael's eyes. Total acceptance! Cassie's support for him was not conditional upon his success at work.The fear of rejection is often softened and we can undergo almost any setback or rejection when we know someone loves us regardless of our success or failure.56. What was Michaels plan that Friday?A. To find a job with the Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency.B. To ask for a wage increase from his boss.C. To celebrate his success.D. To ask his boss to come for dinner.57. On his way back home, Michael______.A. felt weak in the kneesB. was punished by the traffic policemanC. was too anxious to share the news with his wifeD. couldn't wait to enjoy a meal58. Which of the following statements about the story is FALSE?A. Michael was afraid that his request would lead to a disaster.B. Michael had worked very hard and done his part for the company.C. Michael's boss agreed to his request.D. One of Michael's colleagues had told his wife the good news.59. According to the passage, which of the following can best describe Michael's wife, Cassie?A. Passionate, thoughtful and talented.B. Considerate, generous and reliable.C. Decisive, optimistic and energetic.D. Caring, tolerant and supportive.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.(A)Last October, I was on a diving holid ay in the Philippines with with seven other advanced divers. I dived off the boat, slowly sinking to about 20m.After nearly 45 minutes, the sound of my breathing was drowned out by a low rumble like an engine, and I felt deep, powerful vibrations(震动), as if a big boat with a propeller was passing overhead. The dive instructor's eyes were wide with confusion too. We both swam next to each other, staying close to the side of the reef(礁石). The situation felt sinister.Then we were enveloped by clouds of white sand that mushroomed up around us, Could it be an underwater bomb? A giant turtle raced past us and into the deep; they are normally slow movers, so this was very weird behaviour. The vibration became so intense that I could feel it in my bones, and the sound turned into a deafening roar. Suddenly, a few meters below us, breaks began forming and the sand was sucked down. That's when I realized it was an earthquake. The noise was the sound of the Earth splintering open and grinding against itself.The instructor and I held hands and looked into each other's eyes; I felt comforted by his presence. I was numb(麻木的) for terror but clear-headed. My body went on high alert, ready to react. But I have no power over whatever this is. The only option is to stay very still and let it do whatever it's going to do.It took enormous willpower to resist the urge to swim to the surface, which is not sensible as situation on the surface at that time was ambiguous with potential threats pending. Soon we saw other divers.The sound and vibration lasted only two or three minutes and when they stopped I heard the swoosh of sand falling over the seabed. We all held hands before resurfacing to avoid decompression sickness, which can be fatal. When up,It was a huge relief to see all the divers and we all shared incredulous looks before pulling out our breathing apparatus and shouting, "What was that?"Back on the boat, we rushed to check the news and discovered we had witnessed a huge earthquake, measuring 7.2 on the Richter scale. It released more energy than 30 Hiroshima bombs, though it seemed that we were not at at the epicentre(震中). I was high and felt lucky surprisinglynot because of my recent survival miracle, but to have experienced nature at its most stunning and its most frightening.56. How did the author realize that they met with an earthquake?A. By feeling the violent shake under the sea.B. By witnessing a normally-slow turtle quickly moving by.C. By seeing the seafloor crack.D. By checking the news and be informed of the event.57. Why didn’t the author rise to the surface before the vibration stopped?A. Because the instructor gestured him not to rise.B. Because he was numb in body.C. Because he could sense the unclear water situation.D. Because he tried to avoid unexpected danger above.58. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. At the beginning of the event, a big boat passed by causing big vibration.B. All the divers used the reef as the protection against the violent vibration.C. I felt relieved as the instructor was experience in handling situations like this.D. Powerless to fight nature, I was tame when under the water.59. Why did the author feel fortunate on the boat?A. Because he was not at the epicenter of the earthquake.B. Because he finally survived a huge earthquake.C. Because he could witness a rare natural phenomenon.D. Because he didn’t suffer from decompression sickness.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In the world of higher education in the United States, competition seems more common than schools working together. Every college and university competes for students, as well as the bestteachers and money for research programs.But one thing almost every school has in common is the difficulty they face in serving low-income students. The National Center for Education Statistics reports that low-income college students are less likely to complete their study programs than other students.It was only natural that the leaders of Michigan State University and ten other universities discussed this issue when they met in 2014. The 11 schools are spread across the United Sates and serve different populations and needs. But their leaders all saw improving graduation rates for all students as the biggest problem facing American higher education.So the group created an organization called the University Innovation Alliance or UIA for sharing information related to this problem. Its main goal is to get 68,000 more students at the member schools to graduate by 2025, with at least half of those students being low-income. The 11 schools now say their number of graduates has increased by over 7,200 in just three years. This includes an almost 25 percent increase in the number of low-income graduates.How were they able to make this happen? It began with each university looking at its own situation and finding out what it had been doing right and what it had been doing wrong.For example, before joining the UIA, academic advising at Michigan State mostly involved reacting to problems students faced after the problems had already arisen. Then school officials heard about a computer program that fellow UIA member Georgia State University was using. This computer program follows decisions students make about their classes and the progress they are making in their studies. It then sends academic advisors messages whenever a student shows signs that they are making mistakes or facing difficulties. Hat way the advisors can try to help students before the problems become too serious. Michigan State began using the computer program and it has meant a world of difference. Michigan States has not only received useful information from its parents. It has also shared helpful information of its own.Bridget Burns, the executive director for the UIA, says efforts like this have never been as successful. “There are rankings that measure all kinds of things,” Burns said. “But how well you do for low-income students has not historically been highlighted.”56. What led to the setting up of the UIA?A. The low graduation ratesB. The great need of low-income students.C. The inefficiency of learningD. The severe competition between schools。
上海市2018届静安区高三英语第二学期（二模）教学质量检测试卷-已校对-（第I卷答案全）
上海市静安区2017-2018学年第二学期教学质量检测高三英语2018.5考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2. 所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。
4.答题纸题号与试卷题号一致。
I. 听力部分（略）II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Uh-oh, the new year's just begun and already you're finding it hard to keep those resolutions to junk the junk food, get off the couch or kick smoking. There's a biological reason why a lot of our bad habits are so hard to break – they get (21)_______(wire) into our brains."Why are bad habits stronger? You're fighting against the power of an immediate reward," says Dr. Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse and an authority on the brain's pleasure pathway."We all as creatures are hard-wired that way, to give greater value to an immediate reward as opposed to (22)_______is delayed," Volkow says.How this bit of happiness turns into a habit involves a pleasure-sensing chemical named dopamine. It causes the brain (23)_______(pursue) that reward again and again strengthening the connection each time – especially when it gets the right cue from your environment.People tend to overestimate their ability to resist temptations around them, thus(24)_______(destroy) attempts to shed bad habits. Even scientists who recognize it(25)_______show weakness."I know popcorns are not healthy. But every time I go to the cinema,I have to eat it," Volkow says. "It's fascinating."A movement to pay people for behavior changes may exploit that connection, as some companies offer employees outright payments or insurance rebates for adopting better habits.(26)______ well paying for behavior plays out, researchers say there are still some steps that may help fight your brain's hold (27)_______newly-established habits:Repeat, repeat, repeat the new behavior –the same routine at the same time of day. You decide to exercise. Doing it at the same time of the morning, rather than fitting it in casually, (28)_______(make) the striatum(终脑皮层) recognize the habit, "if you don't keep doing it, you will feel frustrated.Exercise itself raises dopamine levels, so eventually your brain will get a feel-good hit (29)_______ your muscles protest。
上海市2018年中考英语二模汇编C篇【word版】.doc
2018年二模首字母1.奉贤区：【难度】☆☆C. Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。
每空格限填一词，首字母已给）（14分）Zhang Ming, a college graduate from Shandong, created a 9-page “WeChat guide”. With drawings and simple words, the step-by-step guide e 81 how to send messages, take pictures and make video calls. Zhang made the guide for his parents. “My parents are getting old. They need an easy way to learn how to use technology,” he said.Zhang’s experience is c82 nowadays. Worldwide, 40 percent of parents learn about new technologies, including computers, mobile Internet and social media, fromtheir children, according to a study from the International Communication Association in 2017.Parents u 83 to teach their kids about almost everything. Now for the first time, the teachers become the students, and the students turn into the teachers.The c 84 of the roles comes from the rapid development of society and technology, says Zhou Xiaohong, a sociology professor from Nanjing University. Zhou said the Internet and otherforms of media give children ways to get information b 85 from asking older generations. Therefore, in the age of information, it’s possible that children know more than their parents do.According to the China Internet Network Information Center, 56.7 percent of Internet users and67.2 percent of social media users in China are under the age of 30. The younger generationu 86 acts as a link between their family and the new environment. But when they teach theirparents new technologies, parents can connect to the new world by themselves, noted Zhou.In Zhang Ming’s eyes, teaching his parents about WeChat brings him c87 to his parents. “People can communicate more by using new technology. Why should we keep our parents out?” said Zhang.Keys:81. explained mon 83. used 84.change 85. besides 86. usually 87. closer2.黄浦区：【难度】☆☆☆C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）:（14分）Grades are important, but they are not the only measure.I have come to understand that exam grades are not the only purpose of schools, and grades a81 are not enough.Studies show that some of the high-flying students have troubled lives, finding it difficult to getgood jobs or become great parents or partners. A 82 graduation, students come to realize whatthey have learned at school has not really prepared them for the next step.Increasingly, teachers are getting to know the idea of “learning from our failures.” If you’v failed at anything, you’ve certainly never t83 anything new. Exam grades are important and we84encourage all students to aim high and to do well. But they don’t msuccess.I once asked my students to consider the chef Gordon Ramsay, and how he became sosuccessful. They were surprised to find that he didn’t have a good performance at school and hedidn’t s85 become a great chef. In an interview, he explained that he worked long hours for verylittle money, learning everything he could. He took chances even if they seemed i 86 . He mademistakes but he cheered himself up and moved forward. His success didn’t come from grades, itcame from his character: courage, effort and confidence.We should develop social skills through the whole school as an important p 87 of learning.This is why there is a focus on performance, sport and other activities. These life skills will workhand-in-hand with knowledge to enable students to do well in their future life.Keys:81. alone 82.After 83.tried 84.mean 85.suddenly 86.impossible 87.part3.金山区：【难度】☆☆☆C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。
2018高三二模A篇
2018高三二模A篇汇编一、宝山区（A）I believe in getting lost. Lost in the text of the novel that is particular to your thoughts and feelings that you consider special. The song that reminds you of your childhood summers, where you close your eyes and lose yourself reliving a memory; feeling the warm wind brushing against your arm, the smell of the dusty sand that you stir up as you ride your bicycle, murmuring the tune of that song. Like the unprepared Sunday Drive, with no destination. You’re free to wander, take paths that you’ve never noticed, discover places you haven’t been. Then falling off on the path to lead you back home, leaving you to test directions and alertly absorb your surroundings in order to find your way back; that kind of lost.I get lost daily, whether it’s in thought, or the unplanned drive I just decided to go on. Getting lost is an adventurous learning experience that trains you how to be more aware of your surroundings. A few of my most favorite memories involve physically getting lost. That one late night trip back to Ludington from Grand Rapids I took with a few friends. We finally realized we were going the wrong way when we hit South Haven, almost three hours out of our way. There was also the time where I got lost in the De V os Place in Grand Rapids after the President’s Ball and then the parking garage for a solid two hours. I felt like my life was that one scene of an American television situation comedy, minus the air conditioner. At the time, these are nervous experiences that get your anxiety pumping. You’re fearful that you won’t be safe, but it always works itself out in the end. Physically losing yourself prepares you for how you manage when you emotionally or mentally lose yourself.You don’t always have to be lost in a literal sense to“get lost”and some of the time, losing yourself may not be a positive experience. There are times where I lose sight of who I am. While lost, I test our metaphorical paths and sometimes they turn out to be the right direction and other times they were a wrong turn. I make note of these wrong turns, so I can avoid them further on up the road of finding my way back to who I am.In Walden, Henry David Thoreau wrote“Not till we are lost, in other words not till we have lost the world, do we begin to find ourselves, and realize where we are and the infinite extent of our relations.”Getting lost fuels my curiosity and teaches me lessons on finding my way back to the right track. I believe in getting lost through day dreams, a misplacement, adventures, and difficult times where you make discoveries about yourself and the atmosphere around you. In order to truly find yourself, I believe that you should put down the map and get wonderfully lost.56. In the first paragraph, the author mainly expresses that ______.A. lost in a novel is a special feelingB. songs remind us of past experiencesC. wandering is a wonderful discoveryD. getting lost brings us benefits57. The author mentions the experiences of physically getting lost（in paragraph 2）in order to say_______.A. physically getting lost is most difficult to deal withB. we can enjoy trips while physically getting lostC. people are easy to get physically lost in our daily lifeD. we realize our surroundings while physically getting lost58. Words from Henry David Thoreau（in the last paragraph）imply that getting lost ______.A. enables us to look within and to see outwardB. pulls people back into the previous momentC. enables us to remind ourselves of adventuresD. helps us enjoy ourselves wherever we are59. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. I Once Was LostB. Wonderfully LostC. Physically Getting LostD. Mentally Getting Lost56-59 DDAB二、崇明区（A）In the world of higher education in the United States, competition seems more common than schools working together. Every college and university competes for students, as well as the best teachers and money for research programs.But one thing almost every school has in commonis the difficulty they face in serving low-income students.The National Center for Education Statistics reports that low-income college students are less likely to complete their study programs than other students.It was only natural that the leaders of Michigan State University and ten other universities discussed this issue when they met in 2014. The 11 schools are spread across the United States and serve different populations and needs. But their leaders all saw improving graduation rates for all students as the biggest problem facing American higher education.So the group created an organization called the University Innovation Alliance or UIA for sharing information related to this problem. Its main goal is to get 68,000 more students at the member schools to graduate by 2025, with at least half of those students being low-income. The 11 schools now say their number of graduates has increased by over 7,200 in just three years. This includes an almost 25 percent increase in the number of low-income graduates.How were they able to make this happen? It began with each university looking at its own situation and finding out what it had been doing right and what it had been doing wrong.For example, before joining the UIA, academic advising at Michigan State mostly involved reacting to problems students faced after the problems had already arisen. Then school officials heard about a computer program that fellow UIA member Georgia State University was using.This computer program follows decisions students make about their classes and the progress they are making in their studies. It then sends academic advisors messages whenever a student shows signs that they are making mistakes or facing difficulties. That way the advisors can try to help students before the problems become too serious.Michigan State began using the computer program and it has meant a world of difference.Michigan State has not only received useful information from its partners. It has also shared helpful information of its own.Bridget Burns, the executive director for the UIA, says efforts like this have never been as successful. “There are rankings that measure all kinds of things,” Burns said. “But how well you do for low-income students has not historically beenhighlighted.”56. What led to the setting up of the UIA?A. The low graduation rates.B. The great need of low-income students.C. The inefficiency of learning.D. The severe competition between schools.57. The UIA functions in such a way as the member universities _____.A. find out their own graduation ratesB. share and follow each other’s good practiceC. make joint efforts to aid students financiallyD. popularize computer programs among students58. By “it has meant a world of difference” in paragraph 6, the author means Michigan State _____.A. has found the computer program quite different from theirsB. has discovered the computer program is very difficult to useC. has helped students successfully with the computer programD. has involved more academic advisors in the computer program59. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Universities Highlighting Their Efforts for Low-IncomesB. Universities Competing for Better Students and TeachersC. Universities Working Together to Help Poor StudentsD. Universities Creating the UIA to Share Information56. A 57. B 58. C 59. C三、奉贤区AOne Friday morning, before Michael was leaving for work he told his wife that lie had finally determined to ask his boss for a salary raise. All day Michael felt nervous and anxious as he thought about the upcoming showdown. What if Mr. Duncan refused to grant his request? Michaelhad worked so hard in the last 18 months and brought some great benefits to Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency. Of course, he deserved a wage increase.The thought of walking into Mr Duncan's office left Michael weak in the knees. Late in the afternoon he was finally courageous enough to approach his superior. To his delight and surprise,the ever-frugal(一惯节省的)Rowland Duncan agreed to give Michael a raise!Michael arrived home that evening-despite breaking ail city and state limits-to a beautiful table set with their best china, and candles lit. His wife, Cassie, had prepared a delicate meal including his favourite dishes. Immediately he thought someone from the office had tipped her off!Next to his plate Michael found a beautiful lettered note. It was from Isis wife. It read:"Congratulations, my love! I knew you'd get the raise! I prepared this dinner to show just how much I love you. I am so proud of your accomplishments" He read it and stopped to think about how sensitive and caring Cassie was.After dinner,Michael was on his way to the kitchen to get dessert when .he observed that a second card had slipped out of Cassie's pocket onto the floor .He bent forward to pick, it up. It read:"Don't worry about not getting the raise! You do deserve one! You are a wonderful provider，and I prepared this dinner to show you just how much I love you even though y ou did not get the increase.”Suddenly tears swelled in Michael's eyes. Total acceptance! Cassie's support for him was not conditional upon his success at work.The fear of rejection is often softened and we can undergo almost any setback or rejection when we know someone Loves us regardless of our success or failure.56. What was Michael's plan that Friday?A. To find a job with the Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency.B. To ask for a wage increase from his boss.C. To celebrate his success.D. To ask his boss to come for dinner.57. On his way back home, Michael_.A. felt weak in the kneesB. was punished by the traffic policemanG. was too anxious to share the news with his wifeD. couldn't wait to enjoy a meal58. Which of the following statements about the story is FALSE?A. Michael was afraid that his request would lead to。
上海市各区2017-2018年高三英语二模汇编最新最全----语法填空-带答案(已经校对终结版)
II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Nook’s arrival, Good or Bad?Booklovers, most of them, will tell you (21)______ a pleasure it is to lend a favorite read to a friend – the novel you stayed up all night to get to the end of; the travel book that made you feel (22)____ ____ you yourself were on a train ride through India. For a while it seemed that e-book users were to be denied this pleasure of lending to friends. You could buy a book or magazine for your reading device, but you couldn’t lend it out.But now, with the Nook, the US book chain Barnes and Noble’s response to Amazon’s Kindle, electronic readers will be able to have their latest literary enthusiasm (23)_____ (press) on their friends, just like readers of physical books can. You simply email the book from your Nook and your friend can read it for two weeks, (24)______ (use) any device with the Barnes & Noble e-book reader software. It’s a big improvement from previous e-book readers.The Nook offers other features too. You read in black and white on the main screen, just like with Kindle. The difference is (25)______ on the lower part of the device there’s a color touch screen, (26)______ allows you to browse through a book or magazine, but goes black when you’re not using it so that you save power.(27)______ exciting thing about the Nook is that it offers Wi-Fi, arguably a big advance on previous e-book readers. Customers in the United States can use the Internet connection (28)______ (read) whole e-books at Barnes and Noble’s hundreds of bookstores for free. None of Ba rnes and Noble’s competitors can come close to this.But the Nook, ironically, (29)______ (turn out) to be a money-loser for Barnes and Noble, or at least a job-loser for Barnes and Noble’s employees. According to Marian Maneker at The Big Money Website, (30)______ the Nook is successful it might take sales from the company’s bookstores, eventually forcing their closure and the loss of thousands of jobs.KEYS:21. what 22. as if/though 23. pressed 24. using 25. that 26. which 27. Another 28. to read 29. has turned out (turns out) 30. ifⅡ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Wildlife secrets of Nigeria's last wildernessResearchers from Chester Zoo, working with the Nigeria National Park Service, surveyed over 1,000 square kilometres of the national park. Known （21）__ __ its mountain rainforests, savannah woodlands and rolling grasslands, it is home to some of West Africa's most endangered animals.The cameras (22) (spot) some animals that have never been recorded before in the area and others, like chimps, (23) are rarely seen. Stuart Nixon, the Africa Field Programme Co-ordinator at Chester Zoo, said confirmation of the locations of chimps was an important discovery." Gashaka's been regarded for many years as (24)_____ (have) the biggest population of this Nigeria-Cameroon chimp, which is the rarest chimp subspecies," he said." We consider it the most important population - that's really (25)_______we need to count it and see what the status of the chimp is right now - that will ultimately affect what we know about this subspecies elsewhere."The chimp (26)_______(endanger) across its range in Cameroon and Nigeria. Its total population is down to fewer than 9,000 individuals, of which about 1,000 are thought (27)________(live) to live within the borders of the national park. "It's an incredible tool to use these camera traps and to reveal that this park - which is a (28)______(forget)forgotten wilderness, really, for Nigeria - still has a really important reservoir of important species for Nigeria and Africa in general," said Stuart Nixon.Chester Zoo is funding guards for the rangers and providing training in wildlife monitoring and protection. "This work is helping us learn more about the secrets of one of our last wilderness areas and we must continue to work together to ensure (29)________survival for future generations. "(30)_________ all this beauty were lost it would be a terrible tragedy for all."Keys:21 for 22. spotted 23. which 24. having 25. why 26. is endangered 27. to live 28. forgotten 29. its 30. IfII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into the London Zoo that a wild puma (21)_______ (spot) forty miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts decided to investigate.The hunt (22)_______ the puma began in a small village where a woman (23)_______ (pick) blackberries saw “a large cat” only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being (24)________ it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at (25)_______ place twenty miles away in the evening. (26)_______ it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Several people complained of “cat-like noises” at night and a businessman on a (27)_______ (fish) trip saw the puma up a tree.The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, (28)_______ where had it come from?As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one (29)_______ have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing (30)_______(think) a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.KEYS:21. had been spotted 22. for 23. picking 24. unless 25. another26. Wherever 27. fishing 28. but 29. must 30. to thinkⅡ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A Great FriendshipThomas Jefferson and James Madison met in 1776. Could it have been any other year? They worked together and started to further American Revolution and later to shape the official new plan of the government.(21)_______ (develop) a close friendship, which lasted for 50 years. There were(22)_______ (share) purposes and a common end on both sides. Four and a half months(23)_______ he died, when he was ill and worried about his family, Jefferson wrote to his longtime friend. His words and Madison's reply remind us that friends are friends till death."The friendship which (24)________ (exist)between us for half a century, the harmony of our political principles an pursuits have been sources of constant happiness to me through that long period. it's also been a great comfort to me (25)_______ (believe)that you are engaged in vindicating(证实)to the younger generation the course that we've pursued for preserving to them. If ever the earth has noticed a system of administration conducted with (26)_______ single and keen eye to the general interest and happiness of those committed to, it must be the system protected by truth, to (27)_______ our lives have been devoted. To myself, you have been a great supporter throughout life. Take care of me when dead and be assured that I should leave with you my last affections.”A week later, Madison replied.“You cannot look back (28)_______ the long period of our private friendship and political harmony with more affecting recollections than I do. (29)_______ they are a source of pleasure to you, they are the same to me. We cannot be deprived(失去)of the happy consciousness of the puredevotion to the public good and I have confidence (30)_______ sufficient evidence will find its way to another generation to ensure, after we are gone, whatever of justice may be withheld while we are here.”Keys:21. developing 22. shared 23. before 24. has existed 25. to believe26. a 27. which 28. to/on 29.If 30. thatII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Traveling Frog Stimulates ReflectionA free mobile game about a traveling frog has become a hit in China, (21)________ being available only in Japanese.Called “Tabikaeru: Travel Frog”, the main character of the game is a frog that goes on adventures around Japan. Players collect clovers(四叶草) that grow in the frog’s garden (22)________ ________ they can use them to buy supplies for the frog’s journeys. In turn, the frog sends players souvenirs and snapshots from its travels. Users cannot control when the frog chooses to go on its adventures.While news of the game’s appeal among mobile phone users on the mainland was first reported on by local media outlets last week, its popularity hasn’t decreased in any way since: “Travel Frog” on Monday was still ranked first on a list of the most (23)__________(download)g ames from Apple’s app store in China. It is being widely discussed on social media,(24)__________ users post photos of their frogs’ adventures.Behind the craze is Japanese game developer Hit-Point, which was previously best-known for creating the popular cat-collecting game “Neko Atsume”. Even though (25)__________ is difficult to pinpoint what has driven interest among mainland users in “Travel Frog”, local mediaoutlets reported that the game’s slow nature was part of its charm.The game was popular as it “tapped the trend among younger generations in China to search out ‘Zen-like’ activities”, China Daily said, (26)_________(add) that those users were taken with its “Buddha-style gameplay”.But not everyone is thrilled about “Travel Frog”. In a post on social media platform Weibo last week, the state-run People’s Daily suggested that peopl e (27)__________ aim to enrich themselves and “avoid being a lonely frog-raising youth”.As an indication of the popularity of the “Travel Frog”, Apple has already had to remove from its store an app that appeared to be the Chinese version of the original, the South China Morning Post reported. That version of the game, which (28)__________(create) by a developer called Song Yang, charged users 30 yuan ($4.74) to download the game. On Monday, another free-to-download app available on the app store claimed it offered strategies and guides in Chinese that players could adopt (29)___________(improve) gameplay.While Hit-Point has not responded to inquiries about (30)_________ it intends to develop versions of the game in other languages or not, the company did put out an English update for “Neko Atsume” in 2015.KEYS:21. despite 22. so that 23. downloaded 24. where 25. it25. adding 27. should 28. was created 29. to improve 30. whetherII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Aunt Jane is now well over seventy, but she is still a great cinema-goer. The cinema in our town closed down years ago and sometimes she has to travel twenty miles or more to see a good film. And once a month at least she goes up to London to see (21)________ (late) foreign films.Of course she could see most of these films on television, but the idea does not attract her. "It isn't the same," she says. "For one thing, the screen's too small. Besides, I like going to the cinema!"However, one thing which has always puzzled us is that (22)________ Aunt Jane has lots of friends and enjoys company, she always goes to the cinema alone. We discovered the reason for this only recently-from Mother. "It may surprise you to lean that Aunt Jane wanted to be an actress when she was young, "she told us. "She used to wait outside film studios all day, just (23)__________ (appear)in crowd scenes. Your aunt has probably appeared in dozens of films. Sometimes she did not even know the name of the film they(24)__________ (make). Therefore, she couldn't go to see(25)__________ in the film at the cinema!"All the time, of course, she was looking for a small part in a film. Her big chance came (26)_________ they started to make a film in our town. Jane managed to meet the director at a party and he offered her (27)__________ role as a shopkeeper. It really was a very small part, but it was an important moment for Jane. Before the great event, she rehearsed for days. In fact, she turned the sitting-room into a shop! We all had to help, going to and out of the shop (28)__________ she could remember her words perfectly And(29)__________ the actual day she was marvelous. Jane thought that this was the beginning of her film career!"Unfortunately, in the end, they did not include the shop scene in the film. But nobody told Jane! When the film first appeared in London, she took all her friends to see it. And of course she wasn't in it! It was a terrible blow! She stopped (30)_________ (go)to film studios and gave up the idea of becoming an actress. She still loves the cinema, as you all know, but from that day she has always gone alone!"Keys:21 the latest 22. though 23. to appear 24. were making 25 herself26. when 27. a 28. until 29. on 30. goingII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Time to End LonelinessUS author Henry Rollins once wrote: "Loneliness adds beauty to life. It puts a special burn on sunsets and makes night air smell better. Indeed, in the eyes of artists, loneliness never seems to go out of style. There are paintings that portray loneliness, songs that (21)_______ (inspire) by loneliness, and many works of literature that center around this theme.In the eyes of UK economist Rachel Reeves, however, loneliness is far from romantic. Instead, it's a "giant evil" that's become a serious problem in the country.On Jan 17, UK Prime Minister Theresa May appointed politician Tracey Crouch as the country’s very first "Minister for Loneliness". Her job is (22)______ (deal) with the loneliness that the country's been feeling—a problem which, according to UK government research, is affecting more than 9 million people in the country, and (23)______be more harmful to one's physical and mental health than smoking 15 cigarettes a day.Back in 2014, the UK was given the title of the "loneliness capital of Europe" by The Telegraph. A survey carried out by the newspaper found that British people were (24)______ (likely) to get to know their neighbors or build strong relationships with people than those from other European countries.But this doesn't mean it is the problem (25)_____ (affect) Britons only. In fact, were all suffering from loneliness now more than ever, in spite of most of the world now being linked to the internet, (26)______ has enabled us to be more connected than ever.(27)________ we need, according to Kim Leadbetter, sister of the late UK politician Jo Cox, is to have "proper human connections"."Our lives nowadays are so busy. We spend the vast majority of our time on our phones, on our laptops. (28)_______ _______ _______ busy we are, we need to press pause on that and actually sit down and speak to human beings," Leadbetter said at an event last year.But the first steps toward (29)_______ (fight) this problem are to accept its existence and not be ashamed or frightened by it. After all, (30)______ loneliness, many beautiful paintings, songs, and literary works wouldn't even exist. Whether it is "evil" or not, being lonely is simply part ofthe experience of being human.Keys:21 are inspired 22. to deal 23. can/may 24. less likely 25 affecting26. which 27. what 28. No matter how 29. fighting 30. withoutII. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Uh-oh, the new year's just begun and already you're finding it hard to keep those resolutions to junk the junk food, get off the couch or kick smoking. There's a biological reason why a lot of our bad habits are so hard to break – they get (21)_______ (wire) into our brains."Why are bad habits stronger? You're fighting against the power of an immediate reward," says Dr. Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse and an authority on the brain's pleasure pathway."We all as creatures are hard-wired that way, to give greater value to an immediate reward as opposed to (22)________ is delayed," Volkow says.How this bit of happiness turns into a habit involves a pleasure-sensing chemical named dopamine. It causes the brain (23)_______ (pursue) that reward again and again strengthening the connection each time – especially when it gets the right cue from your environment.People tend to overestimate their ability to resist temptations around them, thus (24)________ (destroy) attempts to shed bad habits. Even scientists who recognize it (25)_______ show weakness. "I know popcorns are not healthy. But every time I go to the cinema, I have to eat it," Volkow says. "It's fascinating."A movement to pay people for behavior changes may exploit that connection, as some companies offer employees outright payments or insurance rebates for adopting better habits.(26)______ well paying for behavior plays out, researchers say there are still some steps thatmay help fight your brain's hold (27)_______ newly-established habits:Repeat, repeat, repeat the new behavior –the same routine at the same time of day. You decide to exercise. Doing it at the same time of the morning, rather than fitting it in casually, (28)_______(make) the striatum(终脑皮层) recognize the habit, "if you don't keep doing it, you will feel frustrated.Exercise itself raises dopamine levels, so eventually your brain will get a feel-good hit (29)_______ your muscles protest。