高考英语阅读理解九大题型解题思路详解
高考英语阅读理解九大题型解题思路详解
[ By: 平分秋色 ]
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高考英语阅读理解九大题型解题思路详解
1．细节事实题：
⑴标志：
①题干中明确提到的时间、地点、人物等细节信息
②针对文章中的一句或几句发问
③题干和选项之间是因果关系
⑵做题的关键在于：返回原文
①根据题干中的时间、地点、人物返回原文
②根据出题顺序返回原文（60％的准度）
③根据题干中的重点词或其同义词返回原文（如名词、动词、形容词，70％的准度）
④找原文中的难句定位，一般来说，难句都是出题点。
⑶迷惑人的手段：
①单词替换
②颠倒因果
③扩大范围
④常识判断
2．例证题：
⑴标志：case example illustration demonstration exemplify demonstrate illustrate
⑵做题的关键在于：是否能找到例子支持的论点，而不在于能否看懂例子
⑶做题的步骤：
①首先返回原文定位该例子
②然后80％向上、20％向下搜索该例子支持的论点
③在四个选项中寻找与找到的论点表达最一致、意思最接近的一个才是正确答案
3．词汇题：
⑴标志：在题干中明确指出原文中某处的单词或词组，要求辨别其意思
⑵做题的关键在于：该单词本身并不重要，重要的是该单词的上下文
⑶如果该单词认识，并不超出大纲，则其字面意思必然不是正确答案，其正确答案是根据上下文推测的一个更加深刻的含义
⑷做题的方法：可以使用两种方法从上下文进行推理：
①代入替换法
②在上下文中寻找同词性的词或词组
4．句子理解题：
⑴标志：在题干中明确指出原文中的一句话，要求理解其意思
⑵做题的关键在于：返回原文对出题的句子进行语法解析，要精确理
解其涵义
⑶做此类题目时重要的并不是上下文，而是句子本身
⑷正确答案与原句之间是一种同义关系，其中没有任何推理过程5．指代题：
⑴标志：在题干中明确指出原文中某处的指代词，要求辨别其指代关系。
常考的指代词有：it that one
⑵做题的步骤：
①首先返回原文定位该指代词，并且90％向上、10％向下搜索其指代的词、词组或句子
②然后在四个选项中找出与所找到的词、词组或句子意思最接近的一个作为答案
6．推理题：
⑴标志：关键词：infer imply
⑵整体思路：
①绝大多数推理题是原文意思的同义表达，正确答案与原文之间没有任何推理关系
②做题时可以寻找四个选项中三错一对的关系
⑶如果四个选项中有两个或两个以上的选项都是成立的推理步骤，那么与原文意思最接近、所用推理最少的选项即是正确答案
7．作者态度题：
⑴标志：关键词：attitude believe deem consider regard
⑵作者态度只分为三大类：
①支持、赞同、乐观
②客观、中立
③反对、批评、怀疑、悲观
除此之外，没有其他的作者态度
⑶有些选项是固定不能作为正确答案的：indifferent subjective biased puzzling
⑷识别作者态度有以下方法：
①找文中带有感情色彩的名次、动词、形容词、副词
②根据作者举的例子判断
8．判断题：
⑴标志：
①which of the following statement is not
ture/correct/mentioned?
②All of the following statements are ture /correct/mentioned except?
⑵整体思路：
①首先应判断是三错一对还是三对一错
所谓“对”是指符合原文
所谓“错”是指和原文有矛盾，或原文未提及
②每一个选项都应力争返回原文，不能通过印象进行判断
⑶特别关注：
①转折处
②最高级
③感情色彩的词（褒贬含义）
9．主旨题：
⑴标志：best title main idea main problem conclusion
⑵整体思路：利用宏观阅读技巧做主旨题
⑶特别要小心首段、末段陷阱
⑷做题的方法：快速作文法：依据选项、快速作文、与原文核对
博主
阅读的整体解题思路：三步走
1.第一步：通读全文，抓住中心。（不推荐采用先看题目后读文章的做法）
在此过程中，注意把握三个阅读原则：
⑴原则一：1∶1原则（通读时间与做题时间对等）
⑵原则二：首段原则（不要怕重复和回读）首段的作用：
①中心段②抛砖引玉
⑶原则三：首末句原则，即除首段和末段，其余各段的首末句一定要读懂，其他各句正常阅读
2.第二步：仔细审题，返回原文。
3.第三步：重叠选项，得出答案。
博主
具体来讲，可以设原文意思为a，选项意思为b
若a=b，则b为正确答案；
若a、b不相关，则b不为正确答案，即原文没有提到的，一定不是答案；
若b为a的反面，即b与a矛盾，则b不为正确答案；
若a的内容包含b，则b为正确答案；
若b的内容包含a，则b不为正确答案，属于扩大范围的错误；
若a、b有交集不重叠，则b不为正确答案。
必须记住：选一个选项应有选的理由，不选一个选项也应有不选的理由。
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2016高考英语任务型阅读答题技巧 任务型阅读是高考英语试题中第二卷中的一种题型，分值为10分。本题型在测试考生阅读理解能力的基础上，侧重考查考生的单词拼写、词性转换、句式转换、段落归纳等综合能力。高考任务型阅读近三年文章体裁以议论文和说明文为主，词数在400~550之间。高考成绩的统计数据表明在这一项上，考生普遍失分较多。高考英语任务型阅读是英语阅读理解和完形填空的结合体，在掌握篇章表层含义的基础之上，还要求对文章结构框架的把握。考生不但要具备基本的英语词汇知识，而且要能够依据上下文的内容，运用逻辑判断，正确填出任务型阅读中的空白处。因而，任务型阅读对考生的英语阅读和对英语学科的感悟能力要求较高。也就是说，任务型阅读不仅检查考生的词、句、篇的掌握，而且涉及考生综合运用英语语法的能力。所以说，这种题型是比较全面的考查。学生在平时的学习过程中，要关注词汇的使用，领悟篇章的内部结构，同时还要注意词的搭配和语用知识。 一、任务型阅读题型的考查角度 1、单词的大小写（信息筛选题） 考生往往从文中便可直接找到答案，无需进行词性和词形的转化。但是如果没有根据英文首字母要大写的要求，或在特殊的上下文中。忽略字母的大小写，便无法得到本应该拿到的分数。 2、词性的变化（整合转换题） 要依据特定的语境结合文中涉及的词语，灵活地转变词性。比如：动词转变为形容词，形容词转变为名词，等等。 3、词形的转化（整合转换题） 主要依据任务型阅读提供的特殊框架，来敲定词语的各种形式。例如：文中过去式需要在题目中使用现在时，同时还要注意人称和数的变化。 4、近义词与反义词的转化（整合转换题） 根据任务型阅读题型中提供的已有信息，尽管文中也能发现相关的词语，却没能依据特定的语境进行必要的词语的转换，比如将肯定的语气转化为否定的形式等。 5、实现词句的转换（整合转换题） 尽管文章无法一下子找到任务型阅读题型中出现的答案，但是依据文章的上下文以及文中句子的解释，则可以联系掌握的英语基础知识，得出相应的答案。 6、综合概括文章框架的词语使用（综合概括题） 注意文章的整体布局，理清句与句之间，段与段之间的内在逻辑关系，反复阅读文章，认真思考，然后找出能代表篇章结构的词汇。这类题目要求考生对全文或段落进行总体语篇把握，通过观察表格的设置特点，从而归纳和概括出所考查的单词。此类设题一般位于表格的第一行或第一列。为了更快捷地掌握概括能力，总结和熟记一些概括性词汇及其固定搭配也是很有必要的。 7、书写工整无误 最后，卷面是否清洁也会影响到考生最终的得分。答案书写要工整清晰，避免由于字迹潦草或拼写错误导致失分。完成题目后，一定要仔细的将答案带入题中，结合文中提供的信息，认真核对，反复思考，确保绝不因为自己的粗心大意而失分。 二、任务型阅读题型的解题思路 1、先认真读题，通过题目来了解文章的大致框架。做到在阅读文章前，心中有数，不会因为文章的长度或文中出现的生词影响到自己对文章结构的整体把握。 2、利用快速阅读策略做出判断。自己理解的文章主旨是否与题目中的要求一致。在这一过程中，可以尽可能填出与文章大意相关的词汇。
【阅读】高中英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧
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高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析
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高考英语阅读理解这5个核心技巧
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一般来说，文章的主题通常在文章的开头和结尾表示，包括文章的开头和结尾段落以及每个段落的开头和结尾句子。为了快速掌握文章的中心，文本的第一和最后一个段落以及每个段落的第一和最后一个句子是最好的切入点，因此学生应该特别注意。 3学会跳读，心中有一幅画 阅读理解必须同时考虑森林和树木。有必要扫描全文并区分主要和次要内容。跳过可用于阅读全文并了解主要思想，也可用于搜索详细信息并锁定正在考查的信息-这样您就可以掌握整体而不会忽略细节。 跳读时，您不得借用母语翻译。例如，您可以通过情景想象，大纲列表，关键连接和图表来整理文章的上下文，以使文章的框架更加直观，可视化和具体化。 4请善于猜测单词的含义 允许所有类型的考试出现3％的超纲词汇，这些词汇通常会在文字中给出提示，考生可以根据上下文推断其含义。 例如，某些词会跟随它们的同位语并直接对其进行解释；某些单词（通常是名词）仅需要确定它是某种类型的事物，例如人的名字，地名，某种动物，植物等，而无需弄清具体含义; 某些新单词确实毫无头绪，也不太在乎，因为不知道一个或两个单词不会对理解本文造成障碍。如果您因为不知道新单词而感到恐慌，那么您将影响自己的发挥。
(英语)高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析
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