国际商务英语 05844 单词
国际商务英语 单词1/18英文中文课文transaction交易L01
customs area关税区L01in compliance with 遵从，遵照L01conversion货币兑换L01visible trade有形贸易L01resale 转售L01invisible trade无形贸易L01gross domestic product国内生产总值L01for short缩写为L01account for占…… 比例L01headquarters总部L01trap陷阱，圈套L01portfolio investment证券投资L01stocks股票L01bonds债券L01maturity（票据等）到期，到期日L01certificate of deposit大额存单L01other than而不是L01licensing许可经营L01franchising特许经营L01trademark商标L01advisable可行的，适当的L01patent专利L01royalty专利使用费，许可使用费，版税L01copyright版权L01licensor给予许可的人L01licensee接受许可的人L01franchiser给予特许的人L01franchisee接受特许的人L01logo标志，标记L01management contract管理合同L01expertise专门知识L01bonus红利，奖金，津贴L01flat一律的，无变动的L01value chain价值链L01contract manufacturing承包生产L01turnkey project“交钥匙”工程L01BOT建设、经营、移交L01stand for表示，代表L01variant变形，变体L01potential潜力L02国际商务英语 单词2/18clue线索L02national income 国民收入L02GNP国民生产总值L02per capita income人均收入L02bulk大量的，大宗的L02PPP购买力平价L02consumerism消费，消费主义L02income distribution收入分布L02Organization of Economic Cooperationand Development经济合作与发展组织L02
infrastructure基础设施L02Commonwealth of Independent States独立国家联合体L02
staple goods大路货L02tap开发L02hemisphere半球L02invoice开发票L02haven避风港，安全之地L02spur促进，刺激L02creditor country债权国L02proximity临近L02ASEAN东南亚国家联盟L02observation看法L02witness亲历，见证L03economic integration经济一体化L03liberalize使自由L03put up barriers设置障碍L03fall under分成几个部分L03free trade area自由贸易区L03tariff rates关税税率L03North American Free TradeAgreement 北美自由贸易协定L03
customs union关税同盟L03detour迂回，绕行L03common market共同市场L03adoption使用，采用L03euro欧元L03erode侵蚀，损害L03autonomy自治，自主L03sovereign state主权国家L03political entity政治实体L03set the stage for为…… 做准备，促成L03国际商务英语 单词3/18monumental重要的，有纪念意义的L03landmark地标L03signatory签字国，签字人L03settlement结算L03banknotes纸币，钞票L03circulation货币流通L03executive body行政机构，执行机构L03European Commission欧盟委员会L03commissioner委员，特派员，专员L03council of ministers部长理事会L03empower授予权力L03veto否决L03multi-polarization多极化L03tenet原则，宗旨L03Dual-Ministerial Meeting双部长会议L03sub-committee分委员会L03cartel卡特尔，联盟L03OPEC石油输出国组织L03globalization全球化L04frequency频繁；频率L04interactive相互作用的L04element要素，组成部分，元素L04value价值观L04acclaim欢呼，欢迎，喝彩L04adverse不利的，反对的L04controversial引起争议的L04instrumental有作用的，有帮助的L04internationalization国际化L04facilities设施，设备，工具L04label把称为，把归类L04employ用，使用L04assets资产L04incorporate吸收，合并L04purport声称，自称L04headquarters总部L04pre-dominance优势L04international economic environment国际经济环境L04
double digit两位数字的L04survival继续生存L04embark (on)开始，从事L04gigantic庞大的，巨大的L04intervene干预，干涉L04国际商务英语 单词4/18inputs投入L04technical improvements技术进步L04derivation获得L04day-to-day running日常管理L04decentralize分散，下放（权利）L04wield操纵，控制L04jurisdiction权利，管理范围L04vehicle工具，手段L04delegate power to …对…… 授权L04affiliate分支机构，附属机构 L04mover原动力，推动力L04define下定义；解释L05services劳务L05distribution分布L05natural resources自然资源L05abundant丰富的L05scarce缺少，缺乏L05primary commodities初级产品L05incentive刺激L05specialization专业化L05constitute构成，形成L05remainder剩余的，余数L05hold认为L05in terms of在……方面L05illustrate说明L05table图表L05assume假定L05efficient有效的，效率高的L05occur发生，产生L05law规律，法则L05even if即使L05disadvantage不利L05with respect to关于L05exploit利用，开发L05static静止的L05endowment of nature自然的赋予L05up-to-date现代的，新式的L05intuitive直觉的，直观的L05appeal吸引力L05absolute advantage绝对利益L05comparative advantage比较利益L05strategic战略的L06国际商务英语 单词5/18reduce减少L06bulky笨重的，庞大的L06perishable易碎的L06protectionist保护主义的L06barrier障碍L06typical典型的L06tariffs关税L06quota配额L06levy征收，收取L06coincide巧合，偶合L06customs union关税联盟L06import duties进口关税L06export duties出口关税L06ad valorem按价，从价L06specific从量的L06compund duties复税，混合关税L06drawback退税L06refund偿还，退还L06most-favoured-nation treatment最惠国待遇L06signatory签字人，签字国L06concession让步L06tariff schedule税率表，税则L06non-tariff barrier非关税壁垒L06impose强加L06unilaterally单方面地L06label标签，标记，标号L06volunaty自动的，主动的L06forthcoming即将到来的，容易得到的L06means of transport运输工具L06inland water vessels内河船只L06maritime海洋的，与海有关的L06cargo compartment货仓L06charter租L06fleet舰队L06insurance保险L06vulnerable脆弱的，易受伤害的L06collision碰撞L06pilferage偷窥L06explosion爆炸L06places of historical interest古迹L06accommodations膳宿供应，招待设备L06immigrant移民L06
自学考试_全国2015年4月高等教育自学考试国际商务英语试题(05844)
绝密 考试结束前全国2015年4月高等教育自学考试国际商务英语试题课程代码:05844请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案写在答题纸上㊂注意事项:1.答题前,考生务必将自己的考试课程名称㊁姓名㊁准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上㊂2.用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上,不能答在试题卷上㊂Ⅰ.T r a n s l a t e t h e f o l l o w i n g w o r d s a n d e x p r e s s i o n s f r o mE n gl i s h i n t oC h i n e s e :(10%)1.p r i m a r y co mm o d i t i e s 2.e x c h a n ge r a t ef l u c t u a t i o n 3.i n s u r a n c e p o l i c y 4.e c o n o m i c c o n f l i c t5.v o l u n t a r y e x po r t r e s t r i c t i o n 6.m a r k e t f l o o r 7.c o u n t e r -v e i l i n g m e a s u r e s 8.c o n s u m p t i o n p r e f e r e n c e 9.b u l k g o o d s 10.E u r o pe a nP a r l i a m e n t Ⅱ.T r a n s l a t e t h ef o l l o w i ng w o r d s a n d e x p r e s s i o n s f r o mChi n e s e i n t oE n g l i s h :(10%)11.预付现金12.报价13.唛头14.储备货币15.并购16.长期资本17.关税区18.双边贸易19.即期汇票20.工业化Ⅲ.M a t c h t h ew o r d s a n d e x p r e s s i o n s o n t h e l e f tw i t h t h e e x p l a n a t i o n s o n t h e r i g h t:(10%)21.p r o d u c t i v e a.t od r a ws p e c i a l a t t e n t i o n22.r e v e n u e b.b e c o m i n g d u e23.h i g h l i g h t c.p r o d u c i n g i nh i g he f f i c i e n c y o r i n l a r g e q u a n t i t y24.f o r c em a j e u r e d.t ok e e p f i x e do r u n c h a n g e d25.r e m i t t i n g e.a m o u n t o fm o n e y t h a tm a y b e t a k e no f f t h e f u l l a m o u n t26.m a t u r i t y f.h a p p e n i n g e v e r y a l t e r n a t i v e y e a r27.d i s c o u n t g.t h e s e n d i nyg o fm o n e28.p e g h.b e s t o rm o s t f a v o r a b l e29.b i e n n i a l i.t h e t o t a l a n n u a l i n c o m e o f a s t a t e30.o p t i m a l j.s o c i a l o r n a t u r a l c a l a m i t i e s t h a t t a k e p l a c e b e y o n d t h e c o n t r o l o fa c o n t r a c t i n gp a r t yⅣ.M a k e b r i e f e x p l a n a t i o n s o f t h e f o l l o w i n g t e r m s o r g i v e t h e f u l l n a m e o f t h e a b b r e v i a t i o n i nE n g l i s h:(10%)31.r e v o l v i n g c r e d i t32.c o m p o u n dd u t i e s33.f i r mo f f e r34.n e g o t i a t i n g b a n k35.C F RⅤ.A n s w e r t h e f o l l o w i n gq u e s t i o n s i nE n g l i s h:(20%)36.W h a t a r et h et w oc a t e g o r i e so f i n t e r n a t i o n a l i n v e s t m e n t?M a k eab r i e fe x p l a n a t i o no nt h e m.37.W h y i s i t n e c e s s a r y t oh a v e I n c o t e r m s?38.C a n y o u s u mm a r i z e b r i e f l y t h e f a c t o r s t h a t h a v e c a u s e d t h e c h a n g e s i n t h e t r a n s p o r t a t i o ni n d u s t r y?39.W h a t i s t h e q u o t a o f t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a lM o n e t a r y F u n d?I s i t i m p o r t a n t?W h y?Ⅵ.T r a n s l a t e t h e f o l l o w i n g i n t oC h i n e s e:(15%)40.I nd o c u m e n t a r y c o l l e c t i o n,t h ee x p o r t e rs e n d st h ed r a f ta n dt h es h i p p i n g d o c u m e n t s r e p r e s e n t i n g t i t l e t o t h e g o o d s t oh i s b a n k,w h i c h f o r w a r d s t h e mt o a n o t h e r b a n k i n t h e i m p o r t e r sc o u n t r y,w h i c hi nt u r nc o n t a c t st h ec u s t o m e r.I nt h ec a s eo fD/P,t h e d o c u m e n t sw i l l n o t b e r e l e a s e d t o t h e i m p o r t e ru n t i l p a y m e n t i s e f f e c t e d.I nc a s eo fD/ A,d o c u m e n t s a r e h a n d e d o v e r t o t h e i m p o r t e r u p o nh i s a c c e p t a n c e o f t h e d r a f t d r a w nb y t h e e x p o r t e r.41.T h e h i g h e s tf o r m o fe c o n o m i ci n t e g r a t i o ni s c a l l e d t h e e c o n o m i c u n i o n w h i c h i sc h a r a c t e r i z e db y i n t e g r a t i o n o ft h ed o me s t i c p o l i c i e s o fi t s m e m b e r si n r e s p e c t of e c o n o m y,f i n a n c e,e t c.i na d d i t i o nt oa b s e n c eo ft r a d eb a r r i e r s,p r a c t i c eo fc o mm o n e x t e r n a l p o l i c y a n d f r e e p r o d u c t i o n f a c t o rm o b i l i t y.T h em e m b e r s o f a n e c o n o m i c u n i o n a r e r e q u i r e dn o to n l y t oh a r m o n i z et h e i r t a x a t i o n,g o v e r n m e n te x p e n d i t u r e s,i n d u s t r y p o l i c i e s,e t c.,b u t a l s ou s e t h e s a m e c u r r e n c y.Ⅶ.T r a n s l a t e t h e f o l l o w i n g i n t oE n g l i s h:(25%)42.要评估某一市场的潜力,人们往往要分析其收入水平,因为它为那里居民的购买力高低提供线索㊂43.如果投保的险别不是造成损失的直接原因,保险公司将不予赔偿㊂44.回购贸易和互购贸易之间的重要区别之一在于回购贸易一般比互购贸易要延续更长一段时间㊂45.比较优势并不是一个静止的概念,一个国家可以通过自己的行动发展某种特定的比较优势㊂46.其实低收入地区的经济繁荣也会给发达国家带来好处,因为这样他们对这些地区的出口就会增加㊂。
【全国自考历年真题10套】05844国际商务英语2013年4月至2019年4月试题
34. liability
35. VER
Ⅴ. Answer the following questions in English（20%）
36. What is a counter-offer? What happens to the offer once a counter-offer is made?
important when marketing consumer durables.
41. Quotas or quantitative restrictions are the most common forms of nontariff barriers. A quota limits the imports
24. drawer
d. deficiency
25. insolvent
e. a formal or explicit statement of conditions demanded
26. commercial intercourse
f. total resources of a business, as cash, accounts receivable, real estates, etc.
Ⅰ. Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese （10%） 1. contracting parties 2. board of directors 3. most–favored-nation treatment 4. sales contract 5. usance draft 6. non-transferable credit 7. contract carrier 8. port of origin 9. assets and liabilities 10. preferential customs tariffs Ⅱ. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English（10%） 11. 承包生产 12. 共同市场 13. 贸易伙伴 14. 结关 15. 加工贸易 16. 分批装运 17. 货物收据 18. 转移风险 19. 游资 20. 关税减让 Ⅲ. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right（10%）
自考国际商务英语(05844)教材英文课文(2005年版)电子版
自考国际商务英语（05844）教材英文课文(2005年版)电子版LESSON 1 International BusinessTHE STRUCTURE OF THE ARTICLE:了解国际商务与内商务的区别，熟悉贸易、投资及其他际商务活动的含义、特点、运作方式等。
Major difference between international business and domestic business(A. differences in legal systemB. differences in currenciesC. differences in cultural backgroundD. differences in natural and economic conditionsMajor types of international business.A. tradea. commodity tradeb. service tradeB. investmenta. foreign direct investmentb. portfolio investmentC. other typesa. licensing and franchisingb. management contract and contract manufacturingc. turnkey project and BOTTEXT:International business refers to transaction between parties from different countries. Sometimes business across the borders of different customs areas of the same country is also regarded as import and export, such as business between Hong Kong and Taiwan.International business involves more factors and thus is more complicated than domestic business. The followings are some major differences between the two:1(The countries involved often have different legal systems, and one or more parties will have to adjust themselves to operate in compliance with the foreign law.2(Different counties usually use different currencies and theparties concerned will have to decide which currency to use and do everything necessary as regards conversion etc. Uncertainties and even risks are often involved in the use of a foreign currency.3(Cultural differences including language, customs, traditions, religion, value, behavior etc. Often constitute challenges and even traps for people engaged in international business.4(Countries vary in natural and economic conditions and may have different policies towards foreign trade and investment, making international business more complex than domestic business.With the development of economic globalisation, few people or companies can completely stay away from international business. Someknowledge in this respect is necessary both for the benefit of enterprises and personal advancement. International business first took the form of commodity trade, i. e. exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one countryfor consumption or resale in another. This form of trade is also referred to as visible trade.Later a different kind of trade in the form of transportation, communication, banking, insurance, consulting, information etc. gradually became more and more important. This type of trade is called invisible trade(无形贸易). Today, the contribution of service industries of thedeveloped countries constitutes over 60 ,of their gross domestic products and account for anincreasing proportion of world trade.Another important form of international business is supplyingcapital by residents of one country to another, known as international investment. Such investments can be classified into two categories. The first kind of investments, foreign direct investments or FDI for shortis made for returns through controlling the enterprises or assets invested in in a host country. The host country is a foreign country where the investor operates, while the country where the headquarters of the investor is located is called the home country. The second kind of investment, portfolio investment(证券投资) refers to purchases offoreign financial assets for a purpose other than controlling. Suchfinancial assets may be stocks , bonds or certificates of deposit. Stocks are also called capital stocks or bonds. Bonds are papers issued by a government or a firm with promise to pay back the money lent or invested together with interest. The maturity period of a bond is at least one year, often longer, for example five, or even ten years. Certificates of deposit generally involve large amounts, say 25 thousand US dollars.Besides trade and investment, international licensing andfranchising are sometimes taken as a means of entering a foreign market. In licensing, a firm leases the right to use its intellectual property (知识产权)to a firm in another country. Such intellectual property may be trademarks (商标), brand names (品牌), patents (专利), copyrights (版权) or technology. Firms choose licensingbecause they do not have to make cash payments to start business, and can simply receive income in the form of royalty. Besides, they can benefit from locational advantages of foreign operation without any obligations in ownership or management. The use of licensing is particularly encouraged by high customs duty and non-tariff barriers on the part of the host country. However it is not advisable to use licensing in countries with weak intellectual property protection since the licensor may have difficulty in enforcing licensing agreement.Franchising can be regarded as a special form of licensing. Under franchising, a firm, called the franchisee, is allowed to operate in thename of another, called the franchiser who provides the former with trademarks, brand names, logos, and operating techniques for royalty. In comparison with the relation between the licenser and the licensee, the franchiser has more control over and provides more support for the franchisee.The franchiser can develop internationally and gain access to useful information about the local market with little risk and cost, and the franchisee can easily get into a business with established products or services. Franchising is fairly popular especially in hotel and restaurant business. Other forms for participating in international business are management contract, contract manufacturing, and turnkey project.Under a management contract, one company offers managerial or other specialized services to another within a particular period for a flat payment or a percentage of the relevant business volume. Sometimes bonuses based on profitability or sales growth are also specialized in management contracts. Government policies often have a lot to do with management contracts. When a government forbids foreign ownership in certain industries it considers to be of strategic importance but lacks the expertise for operation, management contracts may be a practical choiceenabling a foreign company to operate in the industry without owning the assets.By contract manufacturing, a firm can concentrate on their strongest part in the value chain, e. g. marketing, while contracting with foreign companies for the manufacture of their products. Such firms can reduce the amount of their resources devoted to manufacture and benefit from location advantages from production in host countries. However, loss of control over the production process may give rise to problems in respect of quality and time of delivery.For an international turnkey project, a firm signs a contract with a foreign purchaser and undertakes all the designing, contracting and facility equipping before handing it over to the latter upon completion. Such projects are often large and complex and take a long period to complete. Payment for a turnkey project may be made at fixed total price or on a cost plus basis. The latter way of payment shifts the burden of possible additional cost over the original budget onto the purchaser.BOT is a popular variant of the turnkey project where B stands for build, O for operate and T for transfer. For a BOT project, a firm operates a facility for a period of time after building it up before finally transferring it to a foreign company. Making profit from operating the project for a period is the major difference between BOT and the common turnkey project. Needless to say, the contractor has to bear the financial and other risks that may occur in the period of operation.2 income level and the world market——————————————————————————————————————————————掌握国内生产总值，国民生产总值，人均收入等概念的含义。
2008年4月自考05844国际商务英语(真题+答案)
2008年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试国际商务英语试卷课程代码5844I. Translate the following words and expressions:(10%)(i) From English into Chinese:1. intellectual property2. economic globalization3. trade credit account4. common carrier5. grace period(ii) From Chinese into English:6. 关税壁垒7. 起运港8. （汇率）间接标价9. 资本市场10. 反倾销II. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right:(5%)（）11. infrastructure a. to restrict one’s economic activities to certain particularfields（）12. drawback b. a person who carries on insurance as a business（）13. underwriter c. Large-scale public services, such as water and powersupplies, road, rail and radio communications, etc.needed to support economic activities, esp. industry,trade and commerce（）14. specialization d. to keep fixed or unchanged（）15. peg e. duties paid on imported goods that are refunded whenre-exportedIII. Make brief explanations of the following terms and give the full name of the abbreviation in English:(20%)16. free trade area17. joint venture18. opening bank19. indemnity20. BOTIV. Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate word from the list (You can only choose 10 from the following 12 words in the square):(10%)investment is a kind of investment in (21) the investor does not exercise any managerial control. The investor either holds foreign bonds or other non-equity (22) which do notconfer ownership rights or the investor holds stock shares (or other equities) in a foreign company in an amount (23) small to exercise any managerial control. In (24) , foreign direct investment is a (25) equity investment in a foreign company that gives the investor managerial control (26) that company.Foreign direct investments are mainly (27) out by multinational corporations. Surveys and cases studies indicate that their common (28) for making foreign direct investments are based on strategic considerations involving market (29) , technological know-how, reducing (30) of distribution and transportation, labor, raw materials and political factors.V. Translate the following into English:(25%)31. 信用证不能给缔约双方提供绝对的安全。
2006年4月国际商务英语 试卷答案
全国2006年4月高等教育自学考试国际商务英语试题课程代码：05844 Ⅰ. T ranslate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese（10%）1.certificate of origin2.logistics3.private carrier4.idle funds5.barter6.balance of payment7.grace period8.patent9.maturity 10.portfolio investmentⅡ. T ranslate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English（10%）11.东道国12.从量税13.还盘14.可转让装运单据15.补偿贸易16.直接标价17.跟单汇票18.不可撤销信用证19.资金周转20.领事发票Ⅲ.Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right （10%）21.subrogate a.one form of action which may be taken by a government toprotect industries from unfair competition by which goods are sold at a price lowerthan in the country where they are manufactured22.underwriter b. company expansion through the purchase of other business23.purchase contract c. the act of government in reducing by law the exchange valueof its currency in units of gold or as compared with other currencies24.invoice d. to substitute a claim against one person for a claim againstanother person25.devaluation e. a person who carries on insurance as a business26.anti-dumping f. a document for the general description of the goods and theprice27.acquisition g. the importer that goes to a bank for the establishment of anL/C28.offeree h. the bank that adds its own commitment to an L/C29.applicant of an L/C i. a contract made by the buyer30.confirming bank j.the party to whom an offer is madeⅣ. Make brief explanations of the following terms in English（10%）31.premium 32.sight credit 33.contract proper34.force majeure 35.primary commoditiesⅤ. Answer the following questions in English（20%）36.Explain the concepts of GNP and GDP respectively and point out their major difference.37.What is the most favoured nation treatment? Is it a very special treatment? why?第 1 页38.Can you summarize briefly the factors that have caused the changes in the transportation industry?39.What does “foreign equities”refer to? Is it becoming an important part of securities business?Ⅵ.T ranslate the following into Chinese（10%）40.UNCTAD is the intergovernmental body within the UN system for comprehensive review of trade, development and other related issues. UNCTAD is designed to promote trade and economic development of all countries, particularly developing countries. Over the 40-plus years since its founding, UNCTAD has played an important role in fostering North-South dialogue and cooperation, promoting trade and economic development of the developing countries and assisting them in speeding up integration into the multilateral trading economy.41.Allowing foreign banks to enter the Chinese market will exert a positive influence on domestic banks, making Chinese banks more competitive, introducing new technology and information and providing additional funds. But in the short and not-so-long term future after foreign banks enter the Chinese market, these banks will be able to use lower prices and efficient services, including such services as tele-banking, to win over a large number of customers from domestic banks, especially prized customers. This will result in a cut in the amount of funds in the hands of domestic banks. The toughest challenge the government will face will be to eliminate bad debts, implement cautious and standard risk management models, and tighten up bank administration so that domestic banks can adapt to international competition.Ⅶ. T ranslate the following into English（30%）42.比较利益并不是一个静止的概念，一个国家可以通过自己的行动发展某种特定的比较利益。
2023年4月自考05844国际商务英语真题
绝密★考试结束前2023年4月高等教育自学考试国际商务英语试题课程代码:058441.请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案写在答题纸上。
2.答题前,考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
Ⅰ. Trans la te the fo l lowing words and express ions f ro m Engl i sh into Chinese. (本大题共小题,每小题1分,共10分)1.se l l ing r a te2.f o rce ma jeure3.t r ansac t i on4.r evocab le c red i t5.con t rac t ing pa r ty6.e scape c l auses7.con t rac t p roper8.l eas ing9.f o rward ing charges10.cap i t a l tu rnoverⅡ. Trans late the fo l lowing words and express ions fro m Chinese into Engl i sh.(本大题共小题,每小题1分,共10分)11.贸易惯例12.所得税13.合资企业14.反贴补措施15.承包生产16.汇付17.资信可靠状况18.面值19.佣金20.保险费Ⅲ. Match the words and express ions on the le f t wi t h the explanat ions on the r ight.(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)21.expor t ea rn ings22. po r t f o l i o a.a c red i t tha t does no t r equi re sh ipp ing documents f o r paymentpany expans ion th rough the purchase o f o the r businessc.a c red i t by wh ich payment can be made upon p resen t a t i on o f thedra f t23.insurance po l i cy24.acqu is i t i on25. d rawer d.a con t rac t made by the buyer26.c l ean c red i t27. purchase con t rac t28.s i gh t c red i t29.in teg ra t i on bin ing in to a who lef. money ea rned on the sa les o f goods t o o the r coun t r i esg. du t i es l ev ied on the bas i s o f quan t i t y, we igh t,s i ze e tc.o f thegoods30.spec i f i c du t i es h.a document used f o r cover ing poss ib le r i sksi.the en t i re co l l ec t i on o f in ves tments in the f o rm o f s t ocks, bonds,or ce r t i f i ca te o f depos i t s f o r purposes o the r than con t ro l l i ngj.the pe r son who i s sues a dra f t, usua l l y the expor te rⅣ. Make br ie f explanat ions o f the fo l lowing terms or g ive the fu l l na me of t he abbrev iat ion in Engl i sh. (本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)31. d i rec t quo te32. d rawback33.economic un ion34. bonds35. VATⅤ. Answer the fo l lowing quest ions in Engl i sh.(本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分)36. What f ac to r s dec ide the t ypes o f documents requ i red f o r a pa r t i cu la r t r ansac t i on?37. How much can you t e l l abou t the Bre t t on Woods Confe rence?38. What i s“t he g reen f ie ld s t ra tegy”?39. Desc r ibe b r i e f l y the charac te r i s t i c s o f MNEs.Ⅵ. Trans late the fo l lowing into Chinese.(本大题共2小题,第40小题7分41小题8分,共15分)40. Quo tas o r quan t i t a t i ve r es t r i c t i ons a re the mos t com mon fo rm o f non-ta r i f f b ar r i e r s. A quo tal imi t s the impor t s o r expor t s o f a com modi ty dur ing a g iv en per iod o f t ime. The l imi t s may be in quan t i t y o r va lue t e rms,and quo tas may be on a coun t r y bas i s o r g l oba l bas i s.41. On the par t o f the import e r,the re i s the r i sk tha t t he sh ipment w i l l be de layed, and he migh ton ly rece ive them long a f t e r payment. The de lay may be caused by p rob lems in p r oduc t ion o r t r anspor ta t i on, and such de l ays may l ead t o l o ss o f business. There i s a l so a r i sk tha t wrong goods migh t be sen t as a r e su l t o f neg l i gence o f the expor te r o r s imply because o f his l ack o f in teg r i t y.Ⅶ. Trans late the fo l lowing into Engl i sh.(本大题共5小题,每小题5分,共42.如果信用证可以由原受益人转让给另一个或几个人,那么这种信用证即为可转让信用证。
全国2020年10月自考05844国际商务英语真题及答案
1. (正式)会议(尤指年会)
2. 跨国公司
3. 竞争性贬值
4. 白手起家 / 从零开始
5. 内地
6. 资金
7. 常务委员会
8. 行动纲领
9. 破产的
10. 游资 / 闲散资金
揖评分标准铱 译文正确或基本正确得 1 分,否则不得分。
域. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English:本大题共 10 小
challenges from agriculture. (1 分)
国际商务英语试题答案及评分参考 第 1 页(共 2 页)
37. A tariff is a tax imposed on a commodity when it crosses the boundary of a customs area (3 分) which usually coincides with the area of a country. (2 分)
in English:本大题共 5 小题,每小题 2 分,共 10 分。
31. Deposit refers to money paid as part payment that is owed.
自考国际商务英语(05844)教材英文课文(2005年版)电子版
自考国际商务英语（05844）教材英文课文(2005年版)电子版LESSON 1 International BusinessTHE STRUCTURE OF THE ARTICLE:了解国际商务与内商务的区别，熟悉贸易、投资及其他际商务活动的含义、特点、运作方式等。
Major difference between international business and domestic business(A. differences in legal systemB. differences in currenciesC. differences in cultural backgroundD. differences in natural and economic conditionsMajor types of international business.A. tradea. commodity tradeb. service tradeB. investmenta. foreign direct investmentb. portfolio investmentC. other typesa. licensing and franchisingb. management contract and contract manufacturingc. turnkey project and BOTTEXT:International business refers to transaction between parties from different countries. Sometimes business across the borders of different customs areas of the same country is also regarded as import and export, such as business between Hong Kong and Taiwan.International business involves more factors and thus is more complicated than domestic business. The followings are some major differences between the two:1(The countries involved often have different legal systems, and one or more parties will have to adjust themselves to operate in compliance with the foreign law.2(Different counties usually use different currencies and theparties concerned will have to decide which currency to use and do everything necessary as regards conversion etc. Uncertainties and even risks are often involved in the use of a foreign currency.3(Cultural differences including language, customs, traditions, religion, value, behavior etc. Often constitute challenges and even traps for people engaged in international business.4(Countries vary in natural and economic conditions and may have different policies towards foreign trade and investment, making international business more complex than domestic business.With the development of economic globalisation, few people or companies can completely stay away from international business. Someknowledge in this respect is necessary both for the benefit of enterprises and personal advancement. International business first took the form of commodity trade, i. e. exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one countryfor consumption or resale in another. This form of trade is also referred to as visible trade.Later a different kind of trade in the form of transportation, communication, banking, insurance, consulting, information etc. gradually became more and more important. This type of trade is called invisible trade(无形贸易). Today, the contribution of service industries of thedeveloped countries constitutes over 60 ,of their gross domestic products and account for anincreasing proportion of world trade.Another important form of international business is supplyingcapital by residents of one country to another, known as international investment. Such investments can be classified into two categories. The first kind of investments, foreign direct investments or FDI for shortis made for returns through controlling the enterprises or assets invested in in a host country. The host country is a foreign country where the investor operates, while the country where the headquarters of the investor is located is called the home country. The second kind of investment, portfolio investment(证券投资) refers to purchases offoreign financial assets for a purpose other than controlling. Suchfinancial assets may be stocks , bonds or certificates of deposit. Stocks are also called capital stocks or bonds. Bonds are papers issued by a government or a firm with promise to pay back the money lent or invested together with interest. The maturity period of a bond is at least one year, often longer, for example five, or even ten years. Certificates of deposit generally involve large amounts, say 25 thousand US dollars.Besides trade and investment, international licensing andfranchising are sometimes taken as a means of entering a foreign market. In licensing, a firm leases the right to use its intellectual property (知识产权)to a firm in another country. Such intellectual property may be trademarks (商标), brand names (品牌), patents (专利), copyrights (版权) or technology. Firms choose licensingbecause they do not have to make cash payments to start business, and can simply receive income in the form of royalty. Besides, they can benefit from locational advantages of foreign operation without any obligations in ownership or management. The use of licensing is particularly encouraged by high customs duty and non-tariff barriers on the part of the host country. However it is not advisable to use licensing in countries with weak intellectual property protection since the licensor may have difficulty in enforcing licensing agreement.Franchising can be regarded as a special form of licensing. Under franchising, a firm, called the franchisee, is allowed to operate in thename of another, called the franchiser who provides the former with trademarks, brand names, logos, and operating techniques for royalty. In comparison with the relation between the licenser and the licensee, the franchiser has more control over and provides more support for the franchisee.The franchiser can develop internationally and gain access to useful information about the local market with little risk and cost, and the franchisee can easily get into a business with established products or services. Franchising is fairly popular especially in hotel and restaurant business. Other forms for participating in international business are management contract, contract manufacturing, and turnkey project.Under a management contract, one company offers managerial or other specialized services to another within a particular period for a flat payment or a percentage of the relevant business volume. Sometimes bonuses based on profitability or sales growth are also specialized in management contracts. Government policies often have a lot to do with management contracts. When a government forbids foreign ownership in certain industries it considers to be of strategic importance but lacks the expertise for operation, management contracts may be a practical choiceenabling a foreign company to operate in the industry without owning the assets.By contract manufacturing, a firm can concentrate on their strongest part in the value chain, e. g. marketing, while contracting with foreign companies for the manufacture of their products. Such firms can reduce the amount of their resources devoted to manufacture and benefit from location advantages from production in host countries. However, loss of control over the production process may give rise to problems in respect of quality and time of delivery.For an international turnkey project, a firm signs a contract with a foreign purchaser and undertakes all the designing, contracting and facility equipping before handing it over to the latter upon completion. Such projects are often large and complex and take a long period to complete. Payment for a turnkey project may be made at fixed total price or on a cost plus basis. The latter way of payment shifts the burden of possible additional cost over the original budget onto the purchaser.BOT is a popular variant of the turnkey project where B stands for build, O for operate and T for transfer. For a BOT project, a firm operates a facility for a period of time after building it up before finally transferring it to a foreign company. Making profit from operating the project for a period is the major difference between BOT and the common turnkey project. Needless to say, the contractor has to bear the financial and other risks that may occur in the period of operation.2 income level and the world market——————————————————————————————————————————————掌握国内生产总值，国民生产总值，人均收入等概念的含义。
2020年10月《国际商务英语05844》真题和答案
2020年10月高等教育自学考试国际商务英语试题（课程代码05844）I.Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese∶本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。
1.conference2.multinational corporationpetitive devaluation4.start from scratch5.hinterland6.financial resources7.standing committee8.action program9.bankrupt10.idle fundsⅡ.Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English∶本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。
11.货运收据12.清洁浮动13.管理合同14.租赁贸易15..经济全球化16..目的地17.成本经济18.大额存单19.（汇率）直接标价20.股票交易所Ⅲ.Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right∶本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。
21.maturity a.business dealings between individuals or firms22.budget b.printed paper money issued by a bank,usu.the country's central bank23.banknote c.irregular movement of(prices,exchange rates etc.)24.par d.equal in value,on the same level25.default e.becoming due26.synergy f.fail to carry out an obligation27.gold reserves g.benefits from combining different businesses,normally claimed by thepromoters of mergersmercial intercourse h.a multinational company whose national identity has been blurred29.world company i.the stock of gold coin and bullion(gold bars)held by a note-issuing bank ina country on the gold standard30.fluctuation j.an account of probable future income and expenditure during a statedperiod,usu.a year used as a guide in making financial arrangementsⅣ.Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English∶本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分。
国际商务英语试题+答案
广东外语外贸大学公开学院辅导资料国际商务英语试卷（一）课程代码：05844I. Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese （10%）1.International business2.GDP3.Free trade area4.Multinational corporation5.Specialization6.specific duty7.roll on roll off8.EDI9.article number10.auctionⅡ. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English （10%）11.返倾销12.最惠国条款13.贴现14.充分就业15.保兑信用证16.零库存17.代位，取代18.保护主义19.免除条款（豁免条款）20.证券交易所Ⅲ.Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right （10%）21.contracting party a. amount above what is estimated as necessary22.gilts b. a business concern owned or controlled in wholeor in part by another concern23.cyclical c. recurring in cycles24.affiliate d. stocks issued by government25.legal action e. an action taken against some one in accordancewith the law.26.margin f. a country or firm that signs a legal agreement27.pooling g. a trace of land including its buildings28.verified data h. a set of international rules for the interpretation oftrade terms29.Incoterms i. authentic materials30.premises j. a combination of funds formed for common advantageⅣ. Make brief explanations of the following terms in English（10%）31.MFN32. Invisible trade33.firm offer34.open account35.L/CⅤ. Answer the following questions in English（20%）36. Was China a low -income country a few years ago? How about now?37. Can you explain the word “negotiable” in the p hrase “negotiable transport? document” ?38. What is the most common form of non-tariff barriers? Explain it in a few words.39. What is economy of scale? What is the relation between economy of scale and trade?Ⅵ.Translate the following into Chinese（15%）40. Documentary collection is a means of ensuring that the goods are only handed over to the buyer when the amount shown on a bill of exchange is paid or when the customer accepts the bill as a contract to pay by a specified date.The exporter sends the bill of exchange and the shipping documents to his bank, which forwards them to a bank in the customer’s country. This bank, or the exporter’s agents in the country concerned, takes the documents to the customer. If it is a sight bill the customer pays the amount directly. If it is a time bill he signs the bill, which means he has “accepted” it for payment within a certain specified time. In return for either payment or acceptance of payment, the customer is handed the shipping documents which give title to the goods.Ⅶ. Translate the following into English（25%）41. 在国际贸易中进出口双方都面临风险，因为总存在对方不履约的可能42. 对于一笔具体交易来说，信用证不一定是最理想的付款方式。