Effect of a Chinese herb medicine formulation, as an alternative for
高中英语药材名称单选题50题
高中英语药材名称单选题50题1. Which of the following is not a traditional Chinese medicinal material?A. Ginseng.B. Apple.C. Astragalus.D. Angelica.Answer: B. Apple is a fruit, not a traditional Chinese medicinal material. While ginseng, astragalus and angelica are all well-known traditional Chinese medicinal materials..2. “Ginseng is known for its ______ effects.”A. nourishingB. harmfulC. uselessD. boringAnswer: A. Ginseng is known for its nourishing effects. It is considered to have many beneficial properties for health. Harmful, useless and boring are all incorrect descriptions for ginseng..3. The word “astragalus” is a ______.A. verbB. nounC. adjectiveD. adverbAnswer: B. “astragalus” is a noun. It is the name of a traditional Chinese medicinal material. Verb, adjective and adverb are incorrect as it does not function as any of these parts of speech..4. “Angelica has many ______ uses.”A. medicalB. musicalC. artisticD. mathematicalAnswer: A. Angelica has many medical uses. It is used in traditional Chinese medicine for various health purposes. Musical, artistic and mathematical uses are not associated with angelica..5. “The effect of ginseng on the human body is ______.”A. negativeB. positiveC. neutralD. unknownAnswer: B. The effect of ginseng on the human body is generallyconsidered positive. It is known for its tonic properties. Negative and neutral are incorrect as it is often regarded as beneficial. Unknown is also incorrect as there is extensive research on the effects of ginseng..6. Which of the following is not a traditional Chinese medicinal material? A. Ginseng. B. Rhubarb. C. Lavender. D. Astragalus. Answer: C. Lavender is not a traditional Chinese medicinal material. Ginseng is a well-known Chinese medicine. Rhubarb and Astragalus are also traditional Chinese medicinal materials.7. “Asarum” is the English name for which Chinese medicinal material? A. Coptis. B. Ephedra. C. Asarum. D. Angelica. Answer: Asarum is the English name for Asarum. The other options are different Chinese medicinal materials.8. What is the English name for “Cortex Moutan”? A. Peony bark. B. Magnolia bark. C. Cinnamon bark. D. Poria cocos. Answer: A. “Cortex Moutan” is Peony bark. Magnolia bark, Cinnamon bark and Poria cocos are different medicinal materials.9. Which one is the English name for “Ligusticum chuanxiong”? A. Safflower. B. Chuanxiong. C. Angelica sinensis. D. Salvia miltiorrhiza. Answer: B. “Ligusticum chuanxiong” is Chuanxiong. Safflower, Angelica sinensis and Salvia miltiorrhiza are different Chinese medicinal materials.10. The English name for “Scutellaria baicalensis” is _. A. Baicalskullcap. B. Forsythia suspensa. C. Gardenia jasminoides. D. Platycodon grandiflorum. Answer: A. The English name for “Scutellaria baicalensis” is Baical skullcap. Forsythia suspensa, Gardenia jasminoides and Platycodon grandiflorum are different Chinese medicinal materials.11. She decided to take Chinese herbal medicine to improve her health. “improve her health” means _____.A. make her healthy againB. become healthierC. keep her healthyD. all of the above.Answer: D. “improve her health” can mean making her healthy again if she was previously unwell, becoming healthier if she wants to enhance her current state of health, and also keeping her healthy by taking preventive measures. So all options are correct.12. The doctor recommended some traditional herbal remedies. “recommended some traditional herbal remedies” implies that the doctor thinks these remedies are _____.A. usefulB. harmfulC. expensiveD. cheap.Answer: A. When a doctor recommends something, it usually means they think it is useful for treating a particular condition or improving health.13. He is researching on different herbal medicines. “researching on” means _____.A. looking forB. studying aboutC. makingD. using.Answer: B. “researching on” means studying or investigatingsomething. Looking for is “search for”, making is “produce”, and using is “utilize”. So the answer is studying about.14. We should be cautious when taking herbal supplements. “be cautious” means _____.A. be carefulB. be quickC. be braveD. be angry.Answer: A. “be cautious” means to be careful or watchful. Be quick is “be fast”, be brave is “be courageous”, and be angry is “be mad”.15. The herbal medicine has many benefits. “has many benefits” means _____.A. has many good thingsB. has many problemsC. is very expensiveD. is very cheap.Answer: A. “has many benefits” means it has many good effects or advantages. Having many problems is “has many issues”, being very expensive is “is very costly”, and being very cheap is “is very inexpensive”.16. The doctor prescribed some __herbs__ to treat the patient's illness. (翻译：医生开了一些草药来治疗病人的疾病。
南京中医药大学《药学英语》课程复习资料
(T)1. Allicin, allitridin and ajoene are believed to have anti-carcinogenica activity and normalize plasma lipid levels, blood pressure, and fibrinolytic activity.(F)2. The standardized extracts of Ginkgo biloba leaves have been used widely as a dietary supplement in Europe and as a phytomedicine in the USA.(T)3. The new directive would guarantee a premarketing check of product quality and safety by the health authorities and facilitate recalls.(T)4. Now the nonmedical practitioners who prescribe herbal treatments have to receive adequate training and continuous education to reach and maintain a high standard of practice in the United Kingdom.(F)5. The conventional efficacy requirements are only means of safeguarding public health.(F)6. This maturation zone is driven by hydrostatic pressure within the cell that propels the root tip deeper into the soil. (T)7. Endodermal cells possess a characteristic thickening of the anticlinal cell wall.(F)8. All plants first form a secondary root and for most plants, including the gymnosperms, primitive dicotyledons and eudicotyledons, this persists as a taproot.(T)9. The petals are usually colored, which can attract insects’ attention.(F)10. Animal-pollinated flowers are often very small without sepals or petals, many also being monoecious.(T)11. In Chinese folk medicine, Ku-Ding-Cha was mostly used to treat coronary heart diseases.(T)12. Now the technique of microscopy has been used successfully to identify the plant sources used to produce a commercial herbal tea.(T)13. The ginseng surface is pale yellow to cream and shows longitudinal ridges; stem scars may be seen at the crown.(F)14. Ginseng contains not less than 10.0 per cent of water.(F)15. The needle of yew has used in small doses has been used to treat rheumatic and urinary problems in history, so it is a safe medicinal plant and it must be kept in mind not to take it under any circumstances.(F)16. Cultivation will be the ultimate method to solve the problem of taxol resource scarcity.(F)17. Menthol is the only active component in volatile oils of many herbal medicines.(F)18. HPLC has been a powerful tool in the study of essential oil from medicinal plants.(F)19. Among all factors leading to biodegradation, damage by termites is the least serious to wooden structures worldwide.(F)20. The compound most toxic to the Japanese termite was diallyl disulfide.(T)21. The sensitivity of TLS is such that separations on less than ug amounts of material can be achieved if necessary. (F)22. The liquid mobile phase in HPLC is forced though under ordinary pressure.(F)23. The meat from animals killed by the arrow poison curare is not safe ti eat.(F)24. Calcium is absorbed by means of a vitamin E-dependent carrier system.(T)25. Typically,about three quarters of a drug given orally is absorbed in 1-3 hours.(F)26. Dug given by inhalation are usually fully fully absorbed into the circulation.(F)27. Dorzolamide can lower ocular pressure in patients with glaucoma when given as eye drops,and affect the kidney because it it a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor.(T)28. Oral administration of drugs usually produces a slower effect than subcutaneous or intramuscular injection.1. Although Chinese herbal medicines constitute multi-billion-dollar industries worldwide and 1500 herbals are sold as dietary supplements or ethnic traditional medicines, the formulations of these medicines are commonly not subjected to pre-market toxicity examination to test their safety or efficacy.尽管中药构成全球数十亿美元的产业并且1500种草药作为食品添加剂和民族传统药材销售，但是这些药的配方一般不受售前毒性检测来检测它们的安全性和有效性。
基于数据挖掘分析治疗恶性胸腔积液内服处方的组方规律
基于数据挖掘分析治疗恶性胸腔积液内服处方的组方规律 作者：贾海女 张沂 周梦玲 吕明圣 高伟华 李文哲 晏军 来源：《中国医药导报》2020年第14期 [摘要] 目的 基于數据挖掘归纳总结中医药治疗恶性胸腔积液（MPE）内服处方的组方规律。 方法 在CNKI中检索2009年8月～2019年7月中医药治疗MPE的相关文献，筛选出其内服处方，使用“中医传承辅助系统”软件对处方中药物特性、频次及新方等进行挖掘与分析。 结果 筛选出治疗MPE的方剂共127首，药物共220味;四气五味中温性、甘味出现频次最多;常用药物是葶苈子、茯苓、大枣、桂枝、黄芪、白术;常用药对及组合共28组;聚类出新处方7个。 结论 MPE的治法包括温阳化饮、清热解毒、行气活血、益气行水。顾护脾胃是治疗MPE的重要思想。经方和黄芪辨证搭配使用是治疗MPE的核心。
[关键词] 数据挖掘;恶性胸腔积液;组方规律;中医传承辅助系统 [中图分类号] R256.1; ; ; ; ; [文献标识码] A; ; ; ; ; [文章编号] 1673-7210（2020）05（b）-0150-05
Analysis on prescription rules of oral prescription for malignant pleural effusion based on data mining JIA Hainü1; ;ZHANG Yi1; ;ZHOU Mengling2; ;LYU Mingsheng3; ;GAO Weihua4; ;LI Wenzhe5; ;YAN Jun1
1.Department of Respiration， Dongzhimen Hospital， Beijing University of Chinese Medicine， Beijing; ;100700， China; 2.Department of Encephalology， Dongzhimen Hospital， Beijing University of Chinese Medicine， Beijing; ;100700， China; 3.Department of Respiration， the Third Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine， Beijing; ;100191， China; 4.Department of Nephropathy， the Third Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine， Beijing; ;100191， China; 5.Department of Internal Medicine， Nankou Hospital of Changping District in Beijing City， Beijing; ;102202， China
中医英语试题及答案
中医英语试题及答案一、选择题1. What is the concept of Yin-Yang theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)?a) The concept of genetic materialb) The concept of balance and harmonyc) The concept of Western diagnosisd) The concept of pharmaceutical drugs答案：b) The concept of balance and harmony2. Which of the following is not considered a pillar in TCM diagnosis?a) Inspectionb) Palpationc) Auscultation and olfactiond) Lab testing答案：d) Lab testing3. What is the main focus of acupuncture in TCM?a) Adjusting the body's Yin and Yang balanceb) Prescribing herbal medicinec) Performing surgeriesd) Applying physical therapies答案：a) Adjusting the body's Yin and Yang balance4. What does the TCM term "Qi" refer to?a) Meridians in the bodyb) The five elements theoryc) The body's vital energyd) Herbal medicine ingredients答案：c) The body's vital energy5. Which of the following is a commonly used herb in TCM for reducing inflammation?a) Ginsengb) Licorice rootc) Ginkgo bilobad) St. John's Wort答案：b) Licorice root二、填空题1. Acupuncture is believed to restore the balance of ________ in the body.答案：Qi2. TCM diagnosis methods include inspection, palpation, ________ and olfaction.答案：auscultation3. The traditional Chinese herb ________ is commonly used for improving digestion.答案：ginger4. In TCM, the concept of "________" refers to the interaction between different body organs.答案：interconnectedness5. ________ exercises, such as Tai Chi and Qigong, are often recommended in TCM for promoting overall well-being.答案：Mind-body三、简答题1. Explain the concept of Yin and Yang in Traditional Chinese Medicine.答案：In TCM, Yin and Yang are two complementary forces that represent the balance and harmony in the body. Yin represents the cooler, more passive aspects, while Yang represents the hotter, more active aspects. The balance between Yin and Yang is crucial for maintaining optimal health. When Yin and Yang are imbalanced, it leads to illness. TCM treatments aim to restore the balance of Yin and Yang to promote overall well-being.2. Discuss the role of herbal medicine in Traditional Chinese Medicine.答案：Herbal medicine plays a significant role in TCM. Different herbs and natural substances are used to promote healing and restore balance in the body. Each herb has specific properties and functions that can be used totreat various conditions. Herbal prescriptions are tailored to an individual's specific needs, taking into account their unique symptoms and constitution. Herbal medicine can be used to address a wide range of health issues, from common colds to chronic diseases.3. Compare and contrast Traditional Chinese Medicine with Western medicine.答案：Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western medicine have different approaches to understanding and treating illnesses. TCM focuseson the holistic view of the body and aims to restore balance and harmony. It emphasizes natural healing methods, such as acupuncture, herbal medicine, and lifestyle adjustments. Western medicine, on the other hand, relies heavily on scientific research and evidence-based practices. It focuses on diagnosis, treatment, and prevention using pharmaceutical drugs, surgery, and advanced medical technologies.While both systems have their strengths and weaknesses, they can also complement each other. Many people choose to integrate both TCM and Western medicine for a comprehensive approach to healthcare.总结：中医英语试题主要包括选择题、填空题和简答题，涉及到中医理论、诊断方法和治疗手段等方面的内容。
中药方剂课后翻译
Lesson 16ⅰ.1. Chinese medicinal herbs2. four properties and five flavors3. the part used for medical purpose4. collection of herbs5. processing of herbs6. eliminating impurity/ removal of impurity7. mild/ moderate effect8. relieving exterior syndrome by dispersion9. astringing and checking10. lubricant purgation by softening hardness11. drying dampness to invigorate the spleen12. ascending, descending, sinking and floating13. channel/meridian tropism//channel distribution of medicines14. medication contraindication15. dosage16. pungent and warm herbs with the function of relieving exterior syndrome17. herbs for expelling wind and dampness18. eighteen incompatible herbs and nineteenherbs of mutual antagonism19. herbs for clearing away heat and cooling blood20. herbs for eliminating sputum and stopping coughⅱ.1. The seasons and methods of collecting herbs vary with the parts used for medicinal purpose of the herbal plants.2. Processing of herbs refers to the preparation of crude herbs with water, fire, alcohol and vinegar.3. The aim of processing is to get rid of /eliminate/ remove impurity and make the herbs clean for the convenience of oral taking / administration and storage.4. The processing of herbs can reduce the toxicity，intensity and side-effects of herbs and reinforce the curative effect.5. Cold-natured herbs have the function of clearing away heat, purging fire, and removing toxins/detoxification.6. Cool-natured herbs have the same function with cold-natured herbs except that the former is milder.7. Hot-natured herbs have the function of expelling coldness, warming the interior and invigorating yang.8. Mild-natured/ Neutral herbs fall in between cool-natured herbs and warm-natured herbs.9. Herbs pungent in flavor have the function of dispersing and promoting qi flow and blood circulation.10. Herbs sweet in flavor have the function of tonifying, harmonizing and moderating.11. Herbs sour in flavor have the function of astringing and controlling.12. Herbs bitter in flavor have the function of drying dampness and promoting defecation.13. Herbs salty in flavor have the function of softening hardness for lubricant defecation. 14. The functional tendencies of herbs are marked by ascending, descending, sinking and floating.15. Channel tropism means that certain herbs playa central role in treating certain disorders of the viscera and channels.16. Most herbs have to be used in combination except a few special ones used singularly/in a single way.17. Proper combination of herbs can reinforce the curative effects or reduce toxicity.18. Overuse of herbs with acute/strong toxicity will cause side-effects or intoxication.19. Special attention should be paid to the contraindication of herbs for medication in gestational period.20. The dosage of a singularly-applied herb should be small while the dosage of herbs in a compound prescription should be large.Lesson 17ⅰ.1. Science of prescription/prescriptionology2. compatibility/combinative relationship3. prescription-formulating principle4. modification of prescriptions5. drug form and dosage6. sovereign, minister, assistant and guide7. toxicity of medicinal herbs8. moderating /neutralizing the property of herbs9. guiding action10. mediating all herbs in a prescription11. warming meridians to dissipate cold12. dispersing lung to relieve/sooth asthma13. flexible modification14. clearing away and dispersing stagnated heat15. modification according to symptoms16. processed herbs/prepared slices of Chinese crude herbs17. powder for oral taking18. medicinal extract for external application19. mixed/infused in boiled water for oral taking20. condensed extractⅱ.1. The science of prescription aims to study the compatibility, formulating rule, and clinical application of different herbs in a prescription as well as the pharmacology of compound prescription.2. Modification of herbs refers to the changes of prescription effect by adding or deducting/subtracting one or several herbs, or by changing the compatibility of different herbs ina prescription.3. The function and indication of a prescription vary with the modification of herbs in the prescription.4. The compatibility/combination of Mahuang and Shigao aims to clear away and disperse stagnated heat.5. Under the circumstances of unchanged main syndrome, one or several herbs could be added or deducted according to the changes of symptoms.6. Though there are certain rules for the formulation of prescriptions, the application of the prescriptions is very flexible.7. The advantage of decoction is that the effective elements can be easily absorbed after being taken.8. Herbs with the function of promoting sweating to relieve the exterior syndrome are not suitable for long-term decoction because the main substances of these herbs are volatile oil. 9. For some fresh herbs, they are usually taken by extracting juice.10. Pills are commonly used in chronic diseases because they are slow in absorption.11. The powders for external application, made by grinding medicinal herbs into minute substances, are often spread or pasted on affected areas of the body for topical treatment.12. Medicated wine can generally activate blood to dredge collaterals and expel wind to stop pain, so it is often used to treat rheumatalgia or pains due to sprain, etc.13. Exterior syndrome-relieving prescription, mainly composed of pungent herbs with the function of dispersing exterior pathogenic factors, is used to treat exterior syndromes.14. Mahuang Decoction is very effective in diaphoresis/promoting sweating, so it is used only to treat exterior-excess syndrome due to wind-cold.15. Guizhi Decoction is effective in expelling exogenous pathogenic factors from the skin and muscles and harmonizing yingfen and weifen /ying and wei aspect.16. Wind-expelling prescription is mainly composed of herbs with the function of expelling wind-cold or herbs with the function of eliminating wind-dampness.17. The herbs used in wind-expelling prescriptions are mostly bitter in flavor, warm and dry in property, and yang-lifting in function.18. Dampness-expelling prescription, mainly composed of herbs with the function of expellingpathogenic dampness, is used to treat rheumatism.19. Heat-clearing prescription, mainly composed of cool or cold natured herbs, is used to treat heat syndrome and fire syndrome.20. Purgative prescription, mainly composed of herbs with the function of purgation, is used to purge interior-excess.。
热熔造粒技术提高恩格列净溶出速度的研究
[2] [3]
[12]
[13] [14]
[恩格列净溶出速度的研究
余慧 1,2，彭俊清 2，陈浩 2，王红莲 2，余露山 1*(1.浙江大学药学院，杭州
317024)
310058； 2.浙江华海药业股份有限公司，浙江 临海
摘要：目的
采用热熔造粒技术提高恩格列净的体外溶出速度。方法
通过流变学研究确定优化处方采用 2.5%微粉 硅胶作为填充剂和 2%PVA 作为增黏剂， 进一步利 用中国药典规定的黏附性检查方法进行验证，结 果显示本品初黏力良好 [14]，黏着力符合中国药典 2015 年版标准。笔者同时还应用了大拇指黏性法 和反复揭帖于自身上臂皮肤的感官试验证实了本 品黏附性能良好。总之，本研究证实了流变学参 数是筛选凝胶贴膏处方的有用工具，它充分克服 了依赖非生理性介质如不锈钢板 ( 球 ) 的黏附性测 定方法 [15]，具有重复性好、灵敏度高、简单方便 等优点，相信会越来越受到业界的重视。
作者简介 ：余慧，女，硕士生，工程师 教授
·904·
Tel: (0576)85016040
E-mail: yuhui@
*
通信作者：余露山，男，博士，副
Tel: (0571)88208407
E-mail: yuls@
Chin J Mod Appl Pharm, 2016 July, Vol.33 No.7
[6]
[7]
33(11): 1252-1255. LI X P, ZHONG Y W, WU Z, et al. Effect of gel matrixes and enhancers on the permeability of Lappaconite hydrobromide through human skin [J]. Herb Med(医药导报). 2008, 27(7): 745-748. GAO Y, LI Y F, LIU L, et al. Hydrophilic matrix sustained release tablets of Lappaconite hydrobromide: preparation and release in vitro [J]. Chin J Mod Appl Pharm(中国现代应用药 学), 2013, 30(7): 740-744. LIU S P. Research and clinic application of cataplasm [J]. Mod Prev Med(现代预防医学), 2010, 37(16): 3188-3189. ONUKI Y, NISHIKAWA M, MORISHITA M, et al. Development of photocrosslinked polyacrylic acid hydrogel as an adhesive for dermatological patches: involvement of formulation factors in physical properties and pharmacological effects [J]. Int J Pharm, 2008, 349(1/2): 47-52. HO Y K, DODOU K. Rheological studies on pressuresensitive silicone adhesives and drug-in-adhesive layers as a means to characterise adhesive performance [J]. Int J Pharm, 2007, 333(1/2): 24-33. WANG J, ZHANG H Q, AN D Y, et al. Rheological characterization of cataplasm bases composed of cross-linked partially neutralized polyacrylate hydrogel [J]. AAPS Pharm Sci Tech, 2014, 15(5): 1149-1154. VENKATRAMAN S, GALE R. Skin adhesives and skin adhesion. 1. Transdermal drug delivery systems [J]. Biomaterials, 1998, 19(13): 1119-1136. 中国药典. 四部[S]. 2015. ZHANG S J, LIU L, GUO J B, et al. Preparation of TCM cataplasms of cross-linked hydrogel matrix [J]. Mod Chin Med(中国现代中药), 2015, 17(6): 587-589. WOLFF H M, IRSAN, DODOU K. Investigations on the viscoelastic performance of pressure sensitive adhesives in drug-in-adhesive type transdermal films [J]. Pharm Res, 2014, 31(8): 2186-2202. 收稿日期： 2016-01-03
广东省广州市九年级(上)期末英语试卷含答案
九年级（上）期末英语试卷一、补全对话（本大题共1小题，共5.0分）1.During the 2016 RIO Olympics，people were surprised to see the round，purple markson the body of the famous American swimmer Michael Phelps．(1) In fact，he justvisited a doctor of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）and had " cupping"（拔火罐）．TCM is an important part of Chinese culture．The earliest medical classic in China，Huangdi's Classic on medicine（《黄帝内经》），came out more than 2，000 year ago，(2) In Chinese culture，yin and yang are the two parts of nature．Nature keeps balancedif yin and yang work well together．(3) TCM helps to do that Quiet specially，for some health problems，a doctor of TCM will not give you medicine．Instead，he may give you just a food plan and right ways to eat．For example，it is common to eat on the way to school，at our desk，or in front of the TV(4) Here are the correct ways：Sit down to eat．While eating，turn off the TV and getaway from the work desk．Hat seasonal foods．Do not miss any of the three meals．Also，get your body moving often，just as the saying goes，" Running water is never stale．"Nowadays，traditional Chinese medicine is becoming more and more popular around the World．(5)A．A government report says that people in 183 countries and areas are now using TCM．B．The book is about the relationship between man and nature．C．What happened to him？D．But TCM thinks it's wrong．E．The human body needs such a balance too．二、完形填空（本大题共25小题，共30.0分）When I was in second grade，my friend Resi and I walked to school together every morning．We should (2)to a certain corner because it would be much (3)for us．Most mornings we did as we(4)by our parents，but sometimes we took shortcuts（捷径）．One day ，on one of those roads，we saw a young man，a stranger，in front of(5)house．He was cutting wood．We stopped and wondered (6)he was．The young man looked up from his woodpile(7)"Hi" to us with a smile．Was he talking to us？We wondered．What did he say？We had no idea：we didn't know(8)English．So we ran away．Every morning，when we(9)by，the young man waved and repeated his " Hi ""Bye-bye"．Resi and I waved back and said "Hi" "Bye-bye"(10)return．We became quite comfortable with this morning routine．Sometimes he would be singing，(11)we would stand，listening to the strange language．"You are my sunshine…" he sang over and over，slowly，(12) we could repeat it．We learned one line after another，and soon we could sing the whole song，not knowing the meaning and not caring．One day，the young man suddenly disappeared He left Resi and (13)a wonderful gift ：our first English lesson and many happy memories．Years later，at a picnic，someone started(14)．"You are my sunshine…，"Of course I remembered the words ，and I (15)joined in．And to this day，I remember him whenever I hear the song (16) he taught us．2. A. walk B. walked C. walking D. walks3. A. safe B. safety C. safer D. safest4. A. told B. were told C. were telling D. tell5. A. a B. the C. an D. /6. A. that B. which C. who D. why7. A. say B. says C. said D. to say8. A. some B. any C. every D. all9. A. pass B. have passed C. were passing D. were passed10. A. for B. to C. on D. ．in11. A. but B. if C. or D. and12. A. until B. if C. yet D. after13. A. I B. me C. myself D. mine14. A. sing B. sang C. sung D. singing15. A. happy B. happily C. happiness D. happier16. A. what B. who C. which D. whenI first began experiencing anxiety （焦虑）at the age of 14，after being hurt at school for years．While at first anxiety would come and go，it(17)became a part of my life．I was so (18) that I hoped to find a way to get rid of my anxiety．I tried everything I read about in books，and advice given by doctors．But it didn't quite work．But one afternoon，I saw a good(19) in a magazine，talking about how dogs were able to help people with anxiety．The next day，I decided to get a dog．When I brought my little dog，Buddy，home，I didn't(20)how much he would change my life．It didn't happen right away，however．Once the "puppy excitement" went away ，my anxiety come back (21)．One morning，I woke up with those(22)feelings again．I didn't want to get out of bed．Suddenly，Buddy started to (23)all over me，letting me know that it was time to go outside．And for the first time in life ，on a day when my anxiety was strong，I got out of bed．I put on my winter clothes and went for a (24)in the snow with my new friend．I realized at that moment，walking down the street in winter，my life was changing．I really was a new(25)．This was my new beginning．It's been more than a year since that day ，and I've never spent another morning unable to get out of bed．Sure，I still have days when I feel anxious．But with Buddy by my side，I've learned how to(26)these feelings and emotions．17. A. finally B. usually C. hopefully D. clearly18. A. honest B. pleased C. brave D. worried19. A. email B. article C. album D. notice20. A. care B. realize C. understand D. explain21. A. as usual B. all the time C. in this way D. for a second22. A. strange B. pleasant C. strong D. secret23. A. wash B. attack C. blow D. jump24. A. rest B. shower C. walk D. holiday25. A. person B. friend C. customer D. dog-keeper26. A. share B. control C. protect D. finish三、阅读理解（本大题共20小题，共40.0分）AJane was sitting in the kitchen going over the party list with her mother．The exams were over and Jane wanted to invite her friends for a party．"Jane，aren't you going to invite Helen？" her mother asked Helen had been her best friend since childhood．"Mother，you know I am now a part of Purple Girls Club and we have some rules about people we can be friends with，" Jane answered．"Realty？And what are the rules？" her mother asked．"Well，only very pretty girl can be part of our group．And Helen is so…dark．""I can' t believe it，"her mother said angrily．As Jane left the kitchen ，her father called her from the living room．Jane went to her father and her face paled when she saw the exam report in his hands．"Jane，what has happened to your grade？You have failed in math．"Her father shouted．Jane had no answer．The truth was that the activities of Purple Girl Club left her with very little time for studies．"Jane，it says that you can take part in supplementary exams （补考）．If your grades don 't improve then，I'll have to say no to your trip to Spain．"Jane went to her room and called her friends in the club one by one．But no one seemed to care or wanted to help．Jane knew Helen would help her．Jane also knew Helen had been hurt by her，but Helen said，"if you need any help，just let me know．We can study together till your exams．"Next Monday，as two friends entered the school together，Gina called out．"Jane，you know our rules．You can't be friends with those who do not belong to our club．" "Gina．I have a new rule about friendship，" Jane replied．27.After Jane became a member of Purple Girls Club，she chose a friend according to his/her______ ．A. appearanceB. hobbiesC. gradesD. family28.Jane turned pale after going to her father because ______ ．A. she didn't do well in the examsB. she had to leave Purple girls clubC. he asked her to improve her gradesD. he didn't allow her to hold the party29.If Jane failed her exam again，she would not be able to ______ ．A. go to SpainB. hold a partC. join the Purple girl ClubD. make friends with Helen30.What did Jane mean by saying I have a new rule about friendship"in the last paragraph？______A. She will make a new rule for Purple girl ClubB. She will have to end the friendship with GinaC. She will invite Helen to join Purple girl ClubD. She will go on being good friends with Helen31.What is the best title of this passage ？______A. Be Slow in Choosing a FriendB. A Friend in Need is a Friend IndeedC. Friendship Can Be Developed EasilyD. A Perfect Friend Will Never Be FoundBA young girl named Malala，born in 1997 in the northwest of Pakistan，is famous for supporting children and women's education．In 2012，she was shot and seriously injured when she returned home on the school bus．Luckily，she was sent to the hospital in time and saved．After that，she went back to school and began to fight for children and women to receive education．On October 10.2014．the Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Malala．She became the youngest winner in the history of Nobel Prize．However，Malala missed the most important event of being announced to be the winner of the prize．At that moment，she was talking chemistry lessons in the classroom ! After hearing the news，Malala chose to take her history and physics lessons as usual．She said calmly to the reporter，"I'm proud of getting this prize．Although the unforgettable date itself means something to me，it's more important to finish the rest lessons today．After all，it's a normal school day．"One year later，Amy Mainzer，an astronomical scientist of NASA，found a new planet．She named it "Malala"．When Amy Mainzer was interviewed by Times，she explained "I think Malala has set an example for us．She is fearless and insists on helping children and women get the right of being educated．Nothing can stop her．"Last year，Malala passed the entrance examination of Oxford University through her hard work．Before she finished her high school，she had written a book I am Malala in 2013．She said，"I hope the readers around the world have chances to read my book．My dream is that more and more people will realize it is very difficult for children and women in some areas to get education．Actually，my story is also the story of 61 million children．Every boy and every girl should have the right to go to school．"32.Malala Was sent to hospital because ______ ．A. she got a serious diseaseB. she was attacked with a gunC. he was hurt in a traffic accidentD. she fought with others and was hurt33.How old was Malala when she won the Nobel Peace Prize？______A. 15B. 16C. 17D. 1834.Why did Malala miss the event of being announced to be the winner of Nobel Prize？______A. She was seriously injured and she had no choice but to stay in hospitalB. She was afraid to go because the place was too far away from Pakistan，C. She thought it more important to get education than to attend the award event．D. The lessons were so important that her school didn't allow her to miss them．35.What is the correct order of the following events according to the passage？______a．The Nobel Prize was awarded to Malala．b．Malala wrote a book called I am Malala．c．A planet was named after Malala for her great work．d．Malala became a student of Oxford University in the UK．e．Malala began to be interested in the education for children and women．A. e-a-c-d-bB. e-b-a-c-dC. b-a-c-e-dD. b-a-d-c-e36.Which of the following about Malala is NOT true according to the passage？______A. She fights for helping children and women to go to schoolB. She is the youngest winner in the history of Nobel Prize．C. She was taking chemistry lessons when she was awarded．D. She wrote a book about readers from all over the world．CEvery year on 15 th October，over 200 million people around the world take part in Global Handwashing Day．But why do we have a day for something we do all the time？Well，research．shows that not enough people often wash their hands with soap．It is believed thatthis leads to the deaths of millions of people every year．What's more，the study from the US Department of Agriculture shows most people failed to wash their hands and rub （擦）with soap for 20 seconds．That's the amount of time recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention，which says that washing for shorter periods means fewer germs （细菌）are washed off．The study also states that quite many people didn't dry their hands with a clean towel or air dryer．Sidibe，a public health officer says soap is the most beautiful invention in public health．Washing your hands with soap can have a huge impact on reducing the spread of diseases．It can also prevent babies from getting ill and keep children healthy．However，washing hands with soap does not happen as often as you might think．For many people，handwashing is simply not part of their everyday life．Ifs not easy to get people to change habits they learned in early childhood．So what's the right way to wash hands？There are some tips：Stepl：Wet hands with clean，running water．Step 2：Turn off the tap and apply soap after wetting hands with water．Step 3：Rub hands together with the soap for at least 20seconds．Be sure to rub the backs of hands．between fingers，and under fingernails．Step 4：Wash hands well under clean，running water．Step 5：Dry hands with a clean towel or air dryer．In 2008 the Indian sports team joined around 100 million Indian schoolchildren in washing their hands with soap on the first ever Global Handwashing Day．Since then，many different have been held around the world every year．Today，local and national leaders continue to use the day to spread the message about the importance of clean hands．The hope is that handwashing with soap becomes a necessary part of people's lives and improves the health of millions around the world．37.Why do we have Global Handwashing Day？______A. Because some people do not wash hands with clean water．B. Because soap is the most important invention in the worldC. Because there are not enough soap in the poorer countries，D. Because washing hands with soap can stop some diseases．38.The underlined word " impact" in Paragraph 4means ______ ．A. effectB. prizeC. SurveyD. sense39.Which of the following statements is true according to the report？______A. You should use soap directly when your hands are dry．B. The longer hands are washed，the fewer germs are washed off．C. Many people don' wash their hands with soap and rub for 20 seconds．D. Dirty hands make people feel uncomfortable but won't cause the death．40.Who started Global Handwashing Day？______A. public health officers．B. African schoolchildrenC. The Indians．D. Government leaders41.What's the main idea of the last paragraph？______A. Local leaders will teach people how to wash hands．B. People are encouraged to wash hands with soap．C. Different events are held to fight against diseases．D. Washing hands with soap is good for public health．D．A. give a reportB. have School DayC. collect opinions from visitorsD. hold a meeting with teachers43.Visitors cannot buy ______ on the School Day．A. Chinese paintingsB. School postersC. Recycling bagsD. Homemade snacks44.How did the visitors feel about the activities？______A. Disappointed．B. SatisfiedC. Excited．D. Surprised45.How many students like the recycling bags according to the feedback？______A. 50B. 75C. 150D. 30046.Which of the following is true about the activities？______A. The postcards were cheap．B. Nick was the leader of Group 1C. Twenty-four students offered their feedback．D. Student helpers who did well can get prizes．四、单词拼写-单句（本大题共6小题，共6.0分）47.Della felt sad because she could not a______present for her husband．48.The n______ called The Adventures of Tom Sawyer attracts teenagers around the world．49.Angela was l______because she won a prize to the lovely city of Paris．50. A balanced d______means having different kinds of healthy food every day．51.I enjoy helping my mum cook a delicious m______in my spare time．52.Aunt Polly wants Tom to paint their fence． However， Tom is I______． He would prefer to play games．五、完成句子（本大题共7小题，共14.0分）53.真可惜啊！ Tom不能和我们一起出去玩．______! Tom cannot go out to play with us．54.他们是好朋友，所以他们不介意彼此捉弄对方．They won't mind______each other because they're good friends．55.医生经常说健康的饮食对Doris来说是必要的．The doctor often states______necessary______Doris to eat healthily．56.尽管Angela没有做准备，但她看上去很放松并发挥得很好．______Angela was not prepared ，she seemed______and did really______．57.我们将在12月31号学校礼堂举行读书分享会．A book club______in our school hall on December ，31st．58.Denis太激动了，以致几乎坐不住．Denis was______excited______she could hardly______．59.能告诉我他们刚才在谈论什么吗？Could you tell me______about a moment ago？六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）60.假如你是李华，最近学校开展"全民阅读进校园"读书活动，你和你的同学在课余时间看了许多书．请你根据表格的提示，以演讲的形式分享你最喜欢的一个故事并发表感想．注意：（1）参考词汇： gold watch， beautiful hair，a watch chain，a set of combs（2）请适当拓展，不能直译内容；（3）词数左右（文章开头及结尾已给出，不计入词数）；（4）不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分．答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】B【小题3】E【小题4】D【小题5】A【解析】细节推理题．1．C 根据前句During the 2016 RIO Olympics，people were surprised to see the round，purple marks on the body of the famous American swimmer Michael Phelps．在2016年里约热内卢奥运会期间，人们惊讶地看到著名的美国游泳运动员菲尔普斯身上的圆形、紫色的印记．可知结合选项，应说他怎么了？故选C．2．B 根据前句The earliest medical classic in China，Huangdi's Classic on medicine（《黄帝内经》），came out more than 2，000 year ago，中国最早的医学经典《黄帝内经》于2000多年前问世，和后句In Chinese culture，yin and yang are the two parts of nature．Nature keeps balanced if yin and yang work well together．在中国文化中，阴阳是自然的两部分，阴阳合一，自然就保持平衡．可知结合选项，应说这本书是关于人与自然的关系的．故选B．3．E 根据前句In Chinese culture，yin and yang are the two parts of nature．Nature keeps balanced if yin and yang work well together．在中国文化中，阴阳是自然的两部分，阴阳合一，自然就保持平衡．和后句TCM helps to do that Quiet specially，for some health problems，a doctor of TCM will not give you medicine．Instead，he may give you just a food plan and right ways to eat．中医学有助于做到这一点．特别是，对于一些健康问题，中医医生不会给你吃药，相反，他只会给你一个饮食计划和正确的饮食方式．可知结合选项，应说人体也需要这样的平衡．故选E．4．D 根据后句Here are the correct ways：Sit down to eat．While eating，turn off the TV and get away from the work desk．下面是正确的方法：坐下来吃饭．吃饭的时候，关掉电视，离开办公桌．可知结合选项，应说但中医认为这是错误的．故选D．5．A 根据前句Nowadays，traditional Chinese medicine is becoming more and more popular around the World．如今，中医药在世界各地越来越流行．可知结合选项，应说一份政府报告称，183个国家和地区的人们正在使用中医药．故选A．短文详细的介绍了中国的中医的拔火罐、按摩和针灸；阴阳平衡的重要；及其中医在世界上越来越流行．做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案．2.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】C 【小题3】B 【小题4】A 【小题5】C 【小题6】C 【小题7】B 【小题8】C 【小题9】D 【小题10】D 【小题11】A 【小题12】B 【小题13】D 【小题14】B 【小题15】C【解析】1．A．考查动词．四个选项分别是walk的原形、过去式、现在分词（动名词）和三单形式．空格前面是情态动词should，故填动词原形，它们一起作为谓语．句意：我们应该走向某个角落．故选A．2．C．考查形容词．四个选项分别是形容词safe的原形、名词形式、比较级和最高级．根据主句部分可知，我们应该走向某个角落，因为这对我们来说比较安全，故选C．3．B．考查动词．四个选项分别是动词tell的过去式、一般过去时被动语态、过去进行时和原形．主语we和动词tell是动宾关系，故用被动语态；事情发生在过去，故用一般过去时．句意：大多数早晨我们是按照父母告诉我们的那样去做的．故选B．4．A．考查冠词．四个选项涉及到是否用冠词或用哪个冠词的问题．house在文中是第一次出现，故用不定冠词a来修饰．句意：一天，在其中一条道上，我们在一座房子前看到一个年轻的陌生人．故选A．5．C．考查关系代词（副词）．that 那个；which哪些；who 谁；why为何．空格之后是宾语从句，且从句中缺少表语．根据上文"One day ，on one ofthose roads，we saw a young man，a stranger，in front of（4）house"可知，我们不认识这个陌生人，所以我们想知道他是谁．故选C．6．C．考查动词．四个选项分别是动词say的原形、三单形式、过去式和不定式形式．空格处和前面的动词looked是并列成分，故选过去式形式．句意：年轻人从木柴堆里抬起头，微笑着对我们说了声"你好"．故选C．7．B．考查形容词．some 一些；any 任何的；every 每一个；all全部的．根据语境可知，我们不懂英语．故选B．8．C．考查动词短语．四个选项分别是动词pass的原形、现在完成时、过去进行时和一般过去时被动语态．主从句的动作都发生在过去，且主句的动作发生在从句的动作进行期间，故从句用过去进行时．句意：每天早晨，当我们经过时，年轻人就挥手重复他那句"你好"、"再见"．故选C．9．D．考查介词．for为了；to到；on 在……上；in在……里面．根据后面的return可知，本句涉及到in return这个短语，其意思是"反过来"．句意：赖斯和我们也反过来对他挥手，并对他说"你好"、"再见"．故选D．10．D．考查连词．but 但是；if如果；or 或者；and并且．空格前后是两个句子，且表示两件事情同时进行，故用and来连接．句意：有时他会唱歌，而我们贼站着，听着那陌生的语言．故选D．11．A．考查连词．until 直到；if如果；yet 然而；after在……之后．根据语境可知，他一遍遍慢慢地重复演唱，直到我们能够重复（唱）出来，故选A．12．B．考查代词四个选项分别是I的主格、宾格、反身代词和名词性物主代词．空格处和前面的Resi是并列宾语，故填宾格me．句意：他给赖斯和我留下来一个精美的礼物：我们最初的英语课和很多幸福的回忆．故选B．13．D．考查动词四个选项分别是动词sing的原形、过去式、过去分词和现在分词（动名词）．start涉及两个句型，即start to do sth和start doing sth，意思是"开始做某事"，故选动名词．句意：多年后，在一次野营中，有人开始唱歌．故选D．14．B．考查副词．四个选项分别是happy的原形、副词、名词和比较级形式．空格处是状语，故选副词形式．句意：我高兴地一起唱起来．故选B．15．C．考查关系代词（副词）．what什么；who 谁；which 哪些；when何时．空格后面是song的定语从句，且从句中缺少表示事物的宾语，故用which来引导．句意：直到今天，每当我听到他教给我们的这首歌时，我都会想起他．故选C．本文说的是作者的小奇遇，即他最初接受的英语课和一首英语歌曲．文章介绍了他偶遇一位陌生人，这个陌生人跟他们用一种外语（英语）打招呼，并且后来一遍遍耐心地教他们唱歌．多年以后，当有人在一次野营中唱起《你是我的阳光》这首歌曲时，作者高兴地一起唱起来，并回忆起了美好的往事．首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的选项做出选择，结合选出的选项再读短文，从中找出最符合短文的选项，就可以确定正确答案．17.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】D 【小题3】B 【小题4】B 【小题5】A【小题6】C 【小题7】D 【小题8】C 【小题9】A 【小题10】B 【解析】1．A．考查副词．A最后．B通常．C有希望地．D清晰地．句意"起初焦虑会来来去去，但__它却成了我生活的一部分"．可知，at first起初，这里应该是"最后"．选A．2．D．考查形容词．A诚实的．B高兴的．C勇敢的．D担心的、困恼的．句意"我是如此的__，以至于希望能找到一种方法来消除我的焦虑"．可知，应该是"担心的"．选D．3．B．考查名词．A电子邮件．B文章．C相册．D布告．句意"我在杂志上看到一篇好__，谈论狗是如何帮助有焦虑症的人"．可知，应该是"文章"．选B．4．B．考查动词．A照顾．B意识到．C理解．D解释．句意"我没有___他会给我的生活带来多大的改变"．根据下一句It didn't happen right away，however．然而，它并没有马上发生．可知，应该是"意识到"．选B．5．A．考查介词短语．A像往常一样．B一直．C以这种方式．D一会儿．句意"一旦‘小狗的兴奋'消失了，我的焦虑又__回来了"．可知，应该是"像往常一样"．选A．6．C．考查形容词．A奇怪的、陌生的．B令人愉快的．C强烈的．D秘密的．句意"一天早上，我又带着那些___感觉醒来"．根据上一句Once the "puppy excitement" went away ，my anxiety come back as usual一旦"小狗的兴奋"消失了，我的焦虑又像往常一样回来了．可知，应该是"强烈的"．选C．7．D．考查动词．A洗．B攻击．C吹．D跳．句意"突然，Buddy开始__到我身上，告诉我该出去了"．根据上一句I didn't want to get out of bed．我不想下床．可知，小狗"跳"到我身上．选D．8．C．考查名词．A休息．B沐浴．C走、散步．D假期．句意"我穿上冬衣，和我的新朋友在雪地里__"．根据下一句I realized at that moment，walking down the street in winter，my life was changing当时我意识到，冬天沿着街道走，我的生活正在改变．可知，应该是"散步"．选C．9．A．考查名词．A人．B朋友．C顾客．D养狗人．句意"我真的是个新__"．根据下一句This was my new beginning．这是我的新开始．可知，应该是"人"．选A．10．B．考查动词．A分享．B控制、管理．C保护．D完成．句意"但是我的身边有了Buddy，我学会了如何__这些感觉和情绪"．可知，在小狗Buddy的帮助下，作者发生了改变，学会了"控制"情绪．选B．这是一篇记叙文，主要就介绍作者之前总是感到焦虑，后来他养了一只小狗，他的生活也发生了变化，虽然有时候还会感到焦虑，但是有了这个小伙伴，他学会了如何控制感受和情感．完形填空题型，抓住文章的大意，挑出信息词．同时凭借自己掌握的语法知识和一般的常识，兼顾人称、性别、单复数、语法和时态等等语法的因素，从语法的结构方面考虑答案．细心检查，避免疏漏．27.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】A 【小题3】A 【小题4】D 【小题5】B【解析】1．A．细节理解题．根据第三段"Mother，you know I am now a part of Purple Girls Club and we have some rules about people we can be friends with，" Jane answered．"妈妈，你知道我现在是紫色女孩俱乐部的一员，我们对可以成为朋友的人有一些规定，"简回答．第五段"Well，only very pretty girl can be part of our group．And Helen is so…dark．""嗯，只有非常漂亮的女孩才能加入我们的团队．海伦是如此……黑"．可知，简成为紫色女郎俱乐部会员后，她根据他的或她的外貌选择一个朋友．选A．2．A．细节理解题．根据第八段Jane went to her father and her face paled when she saw the exam report in his hands．"Jane，what has happened to your grade？You have failed in math．"Her father shouted．简走到父亲面前，当她看到他手里的考试报告时，脸色苍白．"简，你的成绩怎么了？你数学不及格了．"她的父亲喊道．可知，简去见她父亲后脸色变得苍白，因为她考试成绩不好．选A．3．A．细节理解题．根据第十段"Jane，it says that you can take part in supplementary exams （补考）．If your grades don 't improve then，I'll have to say no to your trip to Spain．"简，上面说你可以参加补考．如果你的成绩没有提高，我就不得不拒绝你去西班牙的旅行．可知，如果简再考试不及格，她就不能去西班牙了．选A．4．D．句意猜测题．根据最后两段"Jane，you know our rules．You can't befriends with those who do not belong to our club．" "Gina．I have a new rule about friendship，" Jane replied．"简，你知道我们的规则．你不能和那些不属于我们俱乐部的人做朋友．""Gina．我有了一个关于友谊的新规则，"简回答．可知，简加入的俱乐部要求只能和漂亮的人交朋友．但是当简有困难时，只有海伦愿意帮助她．因此，"我有了一个关于友谊的新规则"这句话的意思是"她将继续与海伦成为好朋友"．选D．5．B．标题猜测题．根据倒数第四段Jane knew Helen would help her．Jane also knew Helen had been hurt by her，but Helen said，"if you need any help，just let me know We can study together till your exams．"简知道海伦会帮助她．简也知道海伦被她伤害了，但海伦说："如果你需要帮助，请告诉我我们可以一起学习直到考试"．可知，简加入的俱乐部要求只能和漂亮的人交朋友．但是当简有困难时，她们没有人能帮助简．只有不漂亮的海伦愿意帮助她．因此真正的朋友不是只注重外貌．而是"患难朋友才是真朋友"．选B．这是一篇人物故事类阅读，主要介绍简为了庆祝考试结束要举行派对，但却没有邀请她朋友海伦，因为她新加入的俱乐部要求只有漂亮女孩才能被邀请，海伦不漂亮而且很黑．然而，当简数学考试不及格需要人帮助时，只有海伦肯帮忙．这让简懂得了友谊的真谛．先浏览所给的问题以及选择项，快速浏览短文，看不懂的词跳过，根据上下文猜意思，然后带着问题在通读原文的基础上快速地找到关键句，然后再回过头来检查一遍，确保正确．32.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】C 【小题4】B 【小题5】D【解析】（1）B．细节理解题．根据In 2012， she was shot and seriously injured when she returned home on the school bus．Luckily， she was sent to the hospital in time and saved．2012年，当她乘校车回到家时，她被枪击并严重受伤．幸运的是，她被及时送到医院救了．故选B．（2）C．细节理解题．根据A young girl named Malala， born in 1997 …On October 10.2014． the Nobel Pe ace Prize was awarded to malala．一个名叫马拉的小女孩，出生于1997年…2014年10月10日，诺贝尔和平奖授予了马拉拉．故选C．（3）C．细节理解题．根据"I'm proud of getting this prize． Although the unforgettable date itself means so mething to me， it's more important to finish the rest lessons today．"我很荣幸能获得这个奖项．虽然令人难忘的日子本身对我来说意味着什么，但今天完成剩余课程更为重要．故选C．（4）B．细节理解题．根据After that， she went back to school and began to fight for children and women to receive education…On October 10.2014． the Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to malala…She named it"Malala"．…Last year， Malala passed the entrance exami nation of Oxford University through her hard work．…Before she finished her hi gh school， she had written a book I am Malala in 2013．之后，她回到学校，开始为儿童和妇女争取接受教育…在2014年10月10日．诺贝尔和平奖授予了马拉拉…她将其命名为"马拉"．…去年，马拉通过她的辛勤工作通过了牛津大学的入学考试．…在她读完高中之前，她在2013年写了一本我是Malala的书．故选B．（5）D．细节理解题．根据 Before she finished her high school， she had written a book I am Malala in 20 13． She said， "Ihope the readers around the world have chances to read my book．在她读完高中之前，她在2013年写了一本我是Malala的书．她说，"我希望全世界的读者都有机会阅读我的书．故选D．本文主要讲一个以支持儿童和妇女的教育而闻名的人-马拉拉，介绍她人生中重要的时刻以及发生的事情．先通读全文，以理解整个段落和整篇文章为主，在涵盖出题点的句子上用心捉摸．37.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】C 【小题4】C 【小题5】B【解析】1．D．细节理解题．根据第一段research．shows that not enough people often wash their hands with soap．It is believed that this leads to the deaths of millions of people every year．研究表明，没有足够的人经常用肥皂洗手，据信这会导致每年数百万人死亡．第四段Washing your hands with soap can have a huge impact on reducing the spread of diseases用肥皂洗手对减少疾病传播有很大的影响．可知，我们举行全球洗手日因为用肥皂洗手可以预防一些疾病．选D．2．A．词意猜测题．A影响．B奖励．C调查．D感觉．Washing your hands with soap can have a huge impact on reducing the spread of diseases用肥皂洗手对减少疾病传播有很大的影响．可知，impact意思是effect影响．选A．3．C．推理判断题．根据第二段What's more，the study from the US Department of Agriculture shows most people failed to wash their hands and rub （擦）with soap for 20 seconds．更重要的是，美国农业部的研究显示，大多数人没有用肥皂洗手和摩擦20秒．可知，C选项"许多人不用肥皂洗手和摩擦20秒"正确．选C．4．C．细节理解题．根据倒数第二段In 2008 the Indian sports team joined around 100 million Indian schoolchildren in washing their hands with soap on the first ever Global Handwashing Day2008年，印度运动队和大约1亿印度小学生一起在全球第一个洗手日用肥皂洗手．可知，印度人开始全球洗手日的．选C．5．B．段意猜测题．根据最后一段Today，local and national leaders continue to use the day to spread the message about the importance of clean hands．The hope is that handwashing with soap becomes a necessary part of people's lives and improves the health of millions around the world．今天，地方和国家领导人继续利用这一天来传播有关清洁双手重要性的信息．他们希望用肥皂洗手成为人。
2024年高中英语药材名称单选题30题
2024年高中英语药材名称单选题30题1.In the pharmacy, I need to buy some____.A.ginsengB.lotus rootC.cabbageD.apple答案：A。
ginseng 是人参，是一种药材；lotus root 是莲藕；cabbage 是卷心菜；apple 是苹果。
题干中说在药店，只有人参是药材。
2.When I was sick, the doctor prescribed some____.A.chrysanthemumB.peachC.pearD.orange答案：A。
chrysanthemum 是菊花，可以入药；peach 是桃子；pear 是梨；orange 是橙子。
生病医生开药，只有菊花是药材。
3.In the hospital, I saw some____on the table.A.angelicaB.bananaC.watermelonD.strawberry答案：A。
angelica 是当归，是药材；banana 是香蕉；watermelon 是西瓜；strawberry 是草莓。
在医院桌子上看到的只有当归可能是药材。
4.My mother bought some____to make soup.A.lily bulbB.potatoC.tomatoD.cucumber答案：A。
lily bulb 是百合，可入药；potato 是土豆；tomato 是西红柿；cucumber 是黄瓜。
妈妈买的做汤的只有百合可能是药材。
5.I went to the drugstore to buy some____.A.rehmanniaB.grapeC.mangoD.pineapple答案：A。
rehmannia 是地黄，是药材；grape 是葡萄；mango 是芒果；pineapple 是菠萝。
去药店买的只有地黄是药材。
6.At the clinic, I found some____.A.codonopsisB.peach blossomC.plum blossomD.peony答案：A。
中草药的英文作文高中
中草药的英文作文高中英文：As a high school student, I have always been interested in traditional Chinese medicine, especially in the use of Chinese herbs. Chinese herbs, also known as "中草药"(zhōng cǎo yào) in Chinese, have been used for thousands of years in China for their healing properties. They are an important part of traditional Chinese medicine and are often used in combination with other treatments such as acupuncture and massage.One of the most well-known Chinese herbs is ginseng, which is called "人参" (rén shēn) i n Chinese. Ginseng is believed to have a wide range of health benefits, including improving energy levels, reducing stress, and boosting the immune system. It is often used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat fatigue, improve mental clarity, and promote overall well-being. In fact, I remember my grandmother used to make ginseng soup for me when I wasfeeling tired or run down, and it always seemed to help me feel better.Another commonly used Chinese herb is astragalus, which is known as "黄芪" (huáng qí) in Chinese. Astragalus is often used to support the immune system and improve overall health. I remember my mother used to make astragalus teafor me when I was feeling under the weather, and it always seemed to help me recover more quickly from colds and flu.In addition to ginseng and astragalus, there are many other Chinese herbs that are used in traditional Chinese medicine for various purposes. For example, licorice root, known as "甘草" (gān cǎo) in Chinese, is often used to relieve coughs and soothe sore throats. And chrysanthemum, known as "菊花" (jú huā) in Chinese, is often used to reduce heat and inflammation in the body.中文：作为一名高中生，我一直对传统中药很感兴趣，尤其是对中草药的使用。
黑骨藤追风活络微丸处方及制备工艺的研究
黑骨藤追风活络微丸处方及制备工艺的研究乔杨;王慧娟;彭礼军;谭婕;李俐【摘要】The objective of this study was to obtain the optimal formula and preparation process for a mixed Chinese herb-al medicine - Heiguteng Zhuifeng Huoluo pellets.The prescription composition was optimized and evaluated by using hy-groscopicity, rate of molding pellets and pellet roundness as indicators. According to the experimental results of mixture design scheme of Design Expert 8. 06 software, the optimal formulation was determined as follows: 40% compound Heiguteng powder, 45% microcrystalline cellulose ( MCC) and 15% lactose. Heiguteng Zhuifeng Huoluo pellets were pre-pared by extrusion-spheronization method. The process conditions were optimized by orthogonal test and the optimal pa-rameters were as follows:35Hz extrusion frequency, 45Hz spheronization frequency and 10min spheronization time.Three batches of Heiguteng Zhuifeng Huoluo pellets were prepared based on the optimal formula and process. The results showed that the pellets are with even granularity and high yield. The appearance of pellets is round and smooth. The quality of pel-lets can fully meets the requirements of subsequent process for fluidity, hardness and disintegration time.%本研究旨在获得黑骨藤追风活络微丸的最优处方及制备工艺。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLEThis article was downloaded by: [Agricultural Information Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences]On: 13 December 2009Access details: Access Details: [subscription number 910484704]Publisher Taylor & FrancisInforma Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK
British Poultry SciencePublication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information:http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713408216
Effect of a Chinese herb medicine formulation, as an alternative forantibiotics, on performance of broilersF. C. Guo ab; R. P. Kwakkel c; J. Soede d; B. A. Williams b; M. W. A. Verstegen b
a Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceuticals, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary PharmaceuticalsCAAS, Lanzhou, China b Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, theNetherlands c Animal Production Systems Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, theNetherlands d Provimi BV, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
To cite this Article Guo, F. C., Kwakkel, R. P., Soede, J., Williams, B. A. and Verstegen, M. W. A.(2004) 'Effect of a Chineseherb medicine formulation, as an alternative for antibiotics, on performance of broilers', British Poultry Science, 45: 6,793 — 797
To link to this Article: DOI: 10.1080/00071660400012741URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00071660400012741
Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.informaworld.com/terms-and-conditions-of-access.pdfThis article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial orsystematic reproduction, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply ordistribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden.
The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contentswill be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug dosesshould be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss,actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directlyor indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material.EffectofaChineseherbmedicineformulation,asanalternativeforantibiotics,onperformanceofbroilers
F.C.GUO1,2,R.P.KWAKKEL3,J.SOEDE4,B.A.WILLIAMS2ANDM.W.A.VERSTEGEN21LabofVeterinaryPharmaceuticals,InstituteofAnimalScienceandVeterinaryPharmaceuticalsCAAS,
Lanzhou,China,2AnimalNutritionGroup,WageningenUniversity,Wageningen,3AnimalProduction
SystemsGroup,WageningenUniversity,Wageningenand4ProvimiBV,Rotterdam,theNetherlands
Abstract1.Atotalof720femalebroilerchickswasusedtotesttheeffectsof4dietaryconcentrationsofaChineseherbalmedicine(CHM)formulation(0.25,0.5,1and2g/kg),asanalternativeforvirginiamycin(VRG),ongrowthperformanceinbroilers.2.Atotalof72birdsfromnon-supplemented,VRGand0.5g/kgCHMgroupswasselectedandkilledandtherelativeweightsoftheintestinalsegmentswereassessed.3.TheCHMdietarytreatmentsproducedincreasedbodyweightgainat7to21dofagebutnotat21to28dofagecomparedwiththenon-supplementedandVRGgroups.TheCHMgroupshadahigherfeedintakeandahigherfeedconversionratio(FCR)thantheVRGgroupbetween21and28d.4.ThedissectionresultsshowedthatthelivercolourofthebirdsintheCHMgroupvariedlessbetweenanimalsthanthatoftheVRGandthenon-supplementedgroups.NeitherCHMnorVRGhadanysignificanteffectsoneitherliverorintestinaltractweights.5.ItwasconcludedthatthebirdsoftheCHMgrouphadbettergrowthperformancefromd7to21butnotthereafter.FurtherexperimentsareneededtoelucidatethemechanismsunderlyingenhancedgrowthperformancebyCHMinbroilers.
INTRODUCTIONUntilrecently,antibioticswerewidelyusedasgrowthpromotersinthepoultryfeedindustrytoimprovegrowthandfeedutilisationefficiency(Bird,1980;Milesetal.,1984;Armstrong,1986;Izatetal.,1990).However,theemergenceofantibiotic-resistantstrainsofbacteriaonpremiseswheregrowingbirdsarefedonlowconcentra-tionsofantibioticshaslongbeenofconcern(Waibeletal.,1954;WieseandPeterson,1959;Nelsonetal.,1963).Thisconcernhasbeenbothwithregardtothelossofefficacyofantibioticsasgrowthstimulantsandalsothedevelopmentofresistantbacteriaandtheirpotentialtransferfromanimalstomanviathefoodchain(Hinton,1988).ThishasledtotherecentEUbanontheuseofseveralantibioticsinpoultrydiets.Thereisnowanintensivesearchforalternativessuchasprobiotics,prebioticsandotherfeedadditivestoreplaceantibioticsinfeed.Chinesefarmershaveusedherbalmedicinesasfeedadditivesinanimalhusbandryforover