四川省南充市2020高考英语二轮复习 说理议论阅读理解基础练习(1)
说理议论阅读理解基础练习（1）说理议论（阅读理解）由 (2020天津,D)改编Blind imitation (模仿) is self-destruction.To those who do not recognize their unique worth,imitation appears attractive;to those who know their strength,imitation is unacceptable.In the early stages of skill or character development,imitation is helpful.When I first learned to cook,I used recipes (菜谱) and turned out some tasty dishes.But soon I grew bored.Why follow someone else’s way of cooking when I could create my own?Imitating role models is like using trainin g wheels on a child’s bicycle;they help you get going,but once you find your own balance,you fly faster and farther without relying on them.In daily life,imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously (下意识地) hold poor role models.If,as a child,you observed people whose lives were bad,you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did.If you do not make strong choices for yourself,you will get the results of the weak choices of others.In the field of entertainment,our culture glorifies celebrities.Those stars look great on screen.But when they step off screen,their personal lives may be disastrous.If you are going to follow someone,focus on their talent,not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.Blessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire to create something unique.Think of the movies,books,teachers,and friends that have affected you most deeply.They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration,not desperation.The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them,but by those who do what has been done inside them.Creative people have an endless resource of ideas.The problema creator faces is not running out of material;it is what to do with all the material knocking at the door of imagination.Study your role models,accept the gifts they have given,and leave behind what does not serve you.Then you can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors’ tragedies and declare victory,and know that they are cheering me on.”1.Imitation proves useful when you .A.know you are uniqueB.lose the balance of lifeC.begin to learn something newD.get tired of routine practice2.To avoid the bad result of imitation,we should .A.forget daily fear and painB.choose the right exampleC.ask others for decisionsD.stay away from stars3.According to the author,the world moves on because of those who are .A.desperate to influence others with their knowledge.B.ready to turn their original ideas into realityC.eager to discover what their ancestors didD.willing t o accept others’ ideas4.The trouble a creator faces is .A.the lack of strong motivationB.the absence of practical ideasC.how to search for more materialsD.how to use imagination creatively5.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?()A.To highlight the importance of creativity.B.To criticize the characters of role models.C.To compare imitation with creation.D.To explain the meaning of success语篇解读:本文为议论文。
作者告诉人们:盲目模仿是自我毁坏。
幸运垂青那些乐于把自己的新奇想法付诸实践的人们;世界的发展更是需要这些有创造力的人。
答案及剖析:1.C 事实细节题。
根据第二段第一句In the early stages of skill or character development...可知C项正确。
2.B 推理判断题。
根据第三段第一句...imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously (下意识地) hold poor role models.(如果不经意地模仿了坏榜样就可能伤害到我们。
)及下文的例子可知:为了避免模仿造成的恶果,我们应该选择好榜样。
所以B项正确。
3.B 事实细节题。
根据第五段第四句可知:世界之所以发展是因为有那些乐于将自己的新奇想法付诸实践的人们,所以B项正确。
4.D 事实细节题。
根据第五段的最后一句...it is what to do with all the material knocking at the door of imagination.可知,一个创造者面对的困难是怎样创造性地利用想象力。
所以D项正确。
5.A 主旨大意题。
通读全文可知,作者旨在凸显创造力的重要性,所以A项正确。
【长难句子分析】世界的发展并非源于那些模仿前人的人(世界的发展并非源于那些做前人做过的事的人),而是源于那些做自己内心所想的事的人。
注:关联词not...but连接了两个介词短语by those;those后各带有一个who引导的定语从句。
【阅读理解】For those who study the development of intelligence (智力) in the animal world，selfawareness is an important measurement. An animal that is aware (意识) of itself has a high level of intelligence.Awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror, that is, its own reflected image (反射出的影像). Many animals fail this exercise bitterly, paying very little attention to the reflected image. Only humans，and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins，have been shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves. Now another animal has joined the club. In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers report that an Asian elephant has passed the mirror selfreflection test.“We thought that elephants were the next important animal，”said Diana Reiss of the Wildlife Conservation Society, an author of the study with Joshua M. Plotnik and Fans B. M. de Waal of Emory University. With their large brains，Reiss said, elephants “seemed like cousins to apes and dolphins.”The researchers tested Happy. Maxine and Patty, three elephants at the Bronx Zoo. They put an 8footsquare mirror on a wall of the animals' play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras, including one built in the mirror.The elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it，and to examine parts of their bodies.Of the three, Happy then passed the test，in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face. She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror, and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose. Diana Reiss said，“We knew elephants were intelligent, but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way.”文章通过实验说明能意识到自身形象的动物具有高智商。
新高考2020版高考英语二轮复习第一编一阅读理解题型四主旨大意题练习新人教版
题型四主旨大意题语篇出处：原创语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：学校生活I was nine when I arrived at the Children's Home in Nashua, New Hampshire, in 1965. I failed third grade that year, barely made it through a second time, and had merely passed through fourth grade by the time I reached Pauline Jambard's fifthgrade class at Charlotte Avenue Elementary School.I believed I wasn't “smart” and popular like the other kids, and I hoped I could make it through fifth grade. Ms Jambard took an instant liking to me. Of all the subjects in school, reading was my favorite. She would tell me, “Terry, you keep reading. If you can understand what you're reading, you'll be smarter than most kids.” After I read all the books in our program, I started reading the classroom's set of Encyclopaedia Britannica. I couldn't find enough to read, and I started to really like school.That December, the children's home threw a Christmas party for family and community members. My brother and I had no family to invite. I still remember looking up and seeing Ms Jambard walk through the front doors of the children's home and I realized that she was there on behalf of my parent. That made me feel it was the best Christmas of my life.We have stayed in touch, and I call Pauline at least once a year. Because of the confidence she instilled (灌输) in me, I went on to have a successful career in engineering题1：题干关键词为“the writer's former schooling”，根据文中细节“failed third grade”“barely made it through a second time”“had merely passed through fourth grade” “I wasn't ‘smart’ and popular like the otherand law engagement. I don't know if Pauline realizes how much she helped me, but I'll never forget her kindness and faith in me. I treat her as my family member.1.Which of the following can best describe the writer's former schooling？A.He was fond of reading.B.He passed all the exams easily.C.He was smarter than most kids.D.He was popular among students.2.How did Pauline Jambard help the writer improve studies?A.Take good care of the writer.B.Help him with all the subjects.C.Guide him to really like school.D.Advise him to do more reading.3.What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to？A.The writer's making it through fifth grade.B.The writer's looking up and seeing Ms Jambard.C.Ms Jambard's attending the party as his parent.D.The school's throwing a Christmas party for them.4.What can be the best title of this passage？A.One of My Respected TeachersB.Pauline Jambard Became My FamilyC.My Favorite Teacher at Primary SchoolD.The Teacher Taught Me Ki ndness and Faithkids”以及“Of all the subjects in school, reading was my favorite.”可知选A。
四川2020高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题讲解及选练
四川2020高考英语阅读理解--主旨大意题讲解及选练（含答案）2020高考英语阅读理解解题指导【1】阅读理解历来都是高考英语试卷中难度最大、区分度最高的题型，它要求考生理解文章的主旨和要义；理解文中的具体信息；根据上下文推断生词的词义；理解文章的基本结构；理解作者的意图、观点和态度等。
下面我们来探讨一下高考阅读理解的解题思路。
一、主旨大意题此类题型主要考查考生的归纳、概括等能力。
一种命题方式是对整篇文章或者某一段落大意的概括，提问方式一般是：What is the text mainly about?/What is the main idea of the text/ the second paragraph?；另一种命题方式是提炼文章的标题，其提问方式一般是：What can be the best title for the text?阅读时，文章的开头、结尾及段落的段首句和段尾句特别重要，因为它们往往包含文章的中心议题。
有时候，文章或段落中没有明确的主题句，需要我们根据所提供的信息归纳出文章或段落的主旨大意。
同时要注意提炼文章的关键词。
此外，标题类题目还要追求语言的生动和趣味性。
【例1】(2020安徽卷B篇)Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger, but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. You may wonder how paving (铺砌) a road can lead to less useable fresh water.A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater. Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers. It comes from underground. The more roads and parking lots we pave, the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.63. The text is mainly about ______.A. why paving roads reduces our waterB. how much we depend on water to liveC. why droughts occur more in dry climatesD. how human activity affects our water supply解析：文章主要介绍了由于一些不合理的人类活动，导致了水资源的短缺，呼吁大家从我做起，从小事做起来保护水资源。
备战2020高考英语二轮复习专项训练阅读理解(八篇含答案)
题型训练阅读理解（一）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
AFormal Afternoon TeasA pot of tea, a plate of finger sandwiches and a selection of pastries and scones: In America, this wonderful way to wile away the afternoon is commonly, though mistakenly, known as “high tea.” In Britain, where it originated, “high tea” is simply an old-fashioned name for the evening meal; it’s also called “meal tea.” The light, elegant, scone-centric meal served at fancy hotels is called “low tea” or “afternoon tea”. Whatever you call it, here are four places to get afternoon tea on Long Island. Prices are per person.Chat Noir230 Merrick Rd., Rockville Centre516-208-8521, Owner Emma Tso is a talented pastry chef, and her afternoon tea($22) includes sandwiches, miniature pastries, warm scones, cream and jam and a pot of tea. Open 7 days a week. Reservations required.Robinson’s Tea Room97-E Main St., Stony Brook631-751-1232Robinson’s service afternoon tea Tuesday to Sunday. $26 buys unlimited tea, about 10 finger sandwiches, fresh scones, cream and jam and desserts. Reservations required.The Secret Garden Tea Cafe& Gift Shoppe225 Main St., Port Jefferson631-476-8327, The Street Garden’s menu has more modest options, but the full afternoon tea, $26.95, includes scones, fresh fruit, tea sandwiches, mini desserts and a pot of tea. Open Tuesday to Sunday.The Hidden Oak CafeBayard Cutting Arboretum, Montauk Highway, Great River631-277-3895, The cafe is open Tuesday to Sunday. Afternoon tea($25.95) includes tea sandwiches, desserts and pastries, scones with cream and jam and a pot of tea. Reservations required 24 hours in advance.21.What do we know about British afternoon tea?A.It’s known as “meal tea”.B. It’s centered on desserts.C.It’s served at fancy hotels.D. It’s originated from America.22.Which number should you call to reserve for a Monday afternoon tea?A. 516-208-8521B. 631-751-1232C. 631-476-8327D. 631-277-389523.Where can you get afternoon tea with fresh fruit?A. At Chat NoirB. At Robinson’s Tea RoomC. At the Hidden Oak CafeD. At the Secret Garden Tea Cafe& Gift ShoppeBThe dad of the two youngest survivors of US Airways Flight 1549’s incredible landing in the Hudson River said the near-death experience “brought out the best in humanity.” It has been a decade since US Airways Flight 1549 landed in the Hudson River.Sosa, now 58, told The Post in an email Monday. “As strange as the experience was, it brought out the best in humanity as witnessed by the selfless efforts of so many men and women who came to our aid without thinking twice about their safety. I am grateful to all of them.”Sosa and his wife Tess were traveling to Charlotte, North Carolina, that day with 9-month-old Damian and 4-year-old Sofia. The couple were sitting several rows apart when the Airbus A320 suddenly struck a flock of Canada geese moments after taking off from LaGuardia Airport.Sosa could smell jet fuel burning and immediately knew they were in danger. “There was an explosion in the left engine which I could see from my seat,” he recalled. “The next thing I knew the plane went dead silent when both engines broke down. I got a quick glance at Tess seated ahead of me when we both realized we were in trouble.”The next three minutes were harrowing(折磨). The powerless plane plunged over The Bronx and pointed toward the Hudson, where it would eventually ditch(在水上迫降), thanks to a split-second decision by Capt. Sullenberger. All 155 people on board could survive. Works helped with the rescue mission after the US Airways plane crashed into the Hudson River in the afternoon on January 15 in New York City.The dad this year 2019 who welcomed a new child, Phoebe, with Tess in the years after the incident — said “To date, it remains an unforgettable memory, a key point in our lives from which we perceive(感知) the world and process our day-to-day experiences,” said Sosa. “When you survive a near-miss experience, I think it makes one more tolerant. It makes you appreciate every day as a gift.”24. When did the US Airways plane crashed into the Hudson River?A. 2007B. 2009C. 2011D. 201925. The underlined sentence most probably means_____.A. making effortsB. expressing gratitudeC. displaying virtuesD. showing anger26. What can be learned about Sosa and Tess?A. A disaster made them cherish every day.B. They were traveling to Charlotte, South Carolina that day.C. They realized they were in danger when the left engine failed.D. They were sitting together when the plane struck a flock of Canada geese.27. What may be the best title of the passage?A. Landing in the HudsonB. Unforgettable flightC. Horrifying flightD. Miracle on the HudsonCHave you ever spent an afternoon in the backyard, maybe grilling or enjoying a basketball game, when suddenly you notice that everything goes quiet? There is an old phrase “calm before the storm”, often used in a situation---a quiet period just before a great activity or excitement. According to our own experience, we know there is actually calm before the storm. But what causes this calm? And is it always calm before the storm?A period of calm happens in a particular kind of storm, the simplest kind of storm---a single-cell thunderstorm. In this type of thunderstorm, there is usually only one main stream of current, which is warm, damp air and drawn from places near the ground. Storms need warm and damp air as fuel, so they typically draw that air in from surrounding environment. Storms can draw in the air that fit their need from all directions—even from the direction in which the storm is traveling.As the warm, damp air is pulled into a storm system, it leaves a low-pressure vacuum(真空) coming after. The rising air meets the cold dry air that has already existed in the storm clouds, thus the temperature of the warm, damp air drops, and the water vapor in it changes into tiny drops that are a precondition of rain. These drops accumulate and build on larger particles(颗粒) like dust, until they grow large enough to form raindrops.This warm, damp air keeps moving upwards, but it becomes cooler and drier during its trip through cloud. When it reaches the top of the cloud, the air is squeezed out at the top. This air is sent rolling out over the big thunderclouds. From there, the air goes down. Warm and dry air is relatively stable, and once it covers a region, that air, in turn, causes the calm before a storm.Most thunderstorms, though, don't start with calm. That's because most are actually groups of storms with complex wind patterns. There's so much air moving up and down storm groups that the calm before the storm never happens. Instead, before the storm, it might be really windy!28. Which best fits the description of a particular kind of storm?A.A thunderstorm with a single shape.B.A thunderstorm without strong winds.C.A storm with air drawn from every direction.D.A storm fueled by moving air from the ground.29. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Warm and wet air.B. Warm and dry air.C. Cold and wet air.D. Cold and dry air.30. Which does the writer most likely agree to?A. Presence of the calm relies on stable air.B. All thunderstorms don’t start with the calm.C. The drier the air is, the bigger the storm will be.D. Storm happens without air moving up and down.31. What is the passage mainly about?A. A brief introduction of a peaceful storm.B. A personal experience of a heavy storm.C. An explanation of the calm before a storm.D. An analysis of causes and effects of a storm.DAs the international demand for narrative(叙事的) film/TV content continues to increase with popular streaming services like Netflix and others the two questions then come: will the cominggenerations receive most of their entertainment through visual means rather than through the written word and will such an increase of narrative film/ TV reduce the importance of reading?Growing examples of this trend include the diminishment(减少) of fiction in the common core (核心的)curriculum, the ever－rising culture of computer games, the wave of streaming services of wide international reach, and movies filled with special effects made for children and teenagers. Nor must we ignore the economic dangers that lie ahead for the written word. The narrative film industry is a moneymaker that dwarfs(使相形见绌) the publishing industry.The other underlying question, of course, is “does it really matter if the written word bows to the world of film/TV?” From my point of view, any diminishment of fiction delivered by words is a loss for mankind.There is no greater human feature than the imagination. It lies at the very soul of the human species. It is the brain’s most powerful engine. It is the essential muscle of life and like all muscles it must be exercised and strengthened.Writing and reading are the principal tools that inspire, create and empower our imagination. Anything that diminishes that power is the enemy of mankind.It should be known that I am not opposed to new media and technological advances. Instead, I have always felt it necessary to adapt to advancing technology. In fact, a number of my novels are in various stages of development for film, TV, and live stage productions. My hope is that the written word will only stand to be complemented(补充)by its visual counterparts(对应物), not pushed to the edge of extinction.Of course, there are those who will present arguments for the superiority of the moving image over the written word. Each has its place. My argument is for finding the right balance between it and the moving image.32. In what way does narrative film/TV embarrass the written word?A. Economic benefitsB. International reachC. Cultural influenceD. Educational importance33. Why does the author value the role of the written word?A. It strengthens our muscles.B. It helps sharpen imagination.C. It distinguishes man from each other.D. It paves the way for narrative film/TV.34. What is the author’s attitude towards technology?A. CautiousB. SkepticalC. PositiveD. Critical35. What’s the author concerned about?A. The fate of reading.B. The extinction of fiction.C. The impact of the written word.D. The future of the moving image.参考答案21-23 CAD24-27 BCAD28-31DABC32-35 ABCA题型训练阅读理解（二）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
四川省南充市2020高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解寒假训练(5)
阅读理解寒假训练（5）阅读理解。
阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
It is difficult for parents of nearly every family to teach their children to be responsible for housework，but with one of the following suggestions，you really can get your children to help at home.If you give your children the impression that they can never do anything quite right，then they will regard themselves as unfit or unable persons.Unless children believe they can succeed，they will never become totally independent.My daughter Carla’s fifthgra de teacher made every child in her class feel special.When students received less than a prefect test score，she would point out what they had mastered and declared firmly they could learn what they had missed.You can use the same technique when you evaluate (评价) your child’s work at home.Don’t always scold and give lots of praise instead.Talk about what he has done right，not about what he hasn’t done.If your child completes a difficult task，promise him a Sunday trip or a ball game with Dad.Learning is a process of trying and failing and trying and succeeding.If you teach your children not to fear a mistake of failure，they will learn faster and achieve success at last.1．The whole passage deals with________.A．social education B．school educationC．family education D．preschool education解析：本文一开头就点明了主题。
四川省南充市高考英语二轮复习 说理议论阅读理解基础练习(1) 试题
说理议论阅读理解基础练习（1）说理议论（阅读理解）由 (2011天津,D)改编Blind imitation (模仿) is self-destruction.To those who do not recognize their unique worth,imitation appears attractive;to those who know their strength,imitation is unacceptable.In the early stages of skill or character development,imitation is helpful.When I first learned to cook,I used recipes (菜谱) and turned out some tasty dishes.But soon I grew bored.Why follow someone else’s way of cooking when I could create my own?Imitating role models is like using train ing wheels on a child’s bicycle;they help you get going,but once you find your own balance,you fly faster and farther without relying on them.In daily life,imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously (下意识地) hold poor role models.If,as a child,you observed people whose lives were bad,you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did.If you do not make strong choices for yourself,you will get the results of the weak choices of others.In the field of entertainment,our culture glorifies celebrities.Those stars look great on screen.But when they step off screen,their personal lives may be disastrous.If you are going to follow someone,focus on their talent,not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.Blessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire to create something unique.Think of the movies,books,teachers,and friends that have affected you most deeply.They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration,not desperation.The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them,but by those who do what has been done inside them.Creative people have an endless resource of ideas.The problem a creator faces is not running out of material;it is what to do with all the material knocking at the door of imagination.Study your role models,accept the gifts they have given,and leave behind what does not serve you.Then you can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors’ tragedies and declare victory,and know that they are cheering me on.”1.Imitation proves useful when you . A.know you are uniqueB.lose the balance of lifeC.begin to learn something newD.get tired of routine practice2.To avoid the bad result of imitation,we should .A.forget daily fear and painB.choose the right exampleC.ask others for decisionsD.stay away from stars3.According to the author,the world moves on because of those who are .A.desperate to influence others with their knowledge.B.ready to turn their original ideas into realityC.eager to discover what their ancestors didD.willing to accept others’ ideas4.The trouble a creator faces is .A.the lack of strong motivationB.the absence of practical ideasC.how to search for more materialsD.how to use imagination creatively5.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?()A.To highlight the importance of creativity.B.To criticize the characters of role models.C.To compare imitation with creation.D.To explain the meaning of success语篇解读:本文为议论文。
2020届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解 主旨大意类 专项练习(含答案)
2020届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解主旨大意类专项练习【分类真题】（2019年全国卷II，D）Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms（微生物）from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they’re close to a solution（解决方案）. “We don’t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold, a project manager."There are no tests," Gordon says. "There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than 'Are you working towards your goal?' Basically, it’s 'I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.' Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and... it’s not a very nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review of your product."Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact（影响）on college admissions and practical life skills. "These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach." And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.32. What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?A. They are hard to get rid of.B. They lead to air pollution.C. They appear in different forms.D. They damage the instruments.【答案】.A【解析】推理判断题。
2020年高考英语复习 议论文阅读练习
1．语言与结构特点：议论文一般观点明确、论据充分、语言精练、论证合理，有严密的逻辑性，通常采用三段论式的结构，即“提出问题(引论)—分析问题(本论)—解决问题(结论)”。
因此，要理解议论文有两个关键点，一是要弄清文章的论点是什么、采用了哪些论据、如何论证；二是要理清其基本结构。
2．答题误区：议论文阅读理解题易错点往往在于事实与观点的区分以及观点本身。
解题时，一要弄清哪些是所引述的事实，哪些是作者的观点以及引述中不同人物的观点；二要弄清作者真正的观点是什么，既要考虑全文，又要重视结论部分，谨防将文章中引述的某人的观点和作者的观点混为一谈。
3．阅读策略：在阅读解题时，应该从结构和内容两方面同时入手，先通读全文，再区分事实和观点。
通常来说，议论文会采用三段论式结构。
首段会通过一个故事或对某种现象的描述来引入话题，明确论点；接下来是文章的主体部分，会用两个或两个以上的段落引用事实和理论论据进行论证，常用的论证方法有举例、引用和对比等，这一部分要注意作者所选用的论据，它们往往与细节理解题的考查点相对应，同时还要留意论证的方法；文章的最后一段是结论部分，要弄清作者最后得出了什么结论。
在通读全文并了解文章的结构和内容后再阅读试题，到文章中去找相对应的信息，比如事实、观点、作者真正的意图和结论等。
文体分类练(四)——议论文(限时30分钟)A(2019·山西太原五中阶段检测)Visitors to Hennna, a restaurant outside Nagasaki, Japan, are greeted by an unusual sight: Their food being prepared by a row of humanoid robots. The name of the “head chef”is Andrew. Using his two long arms, he stirs batter (面糊) in a metal bowl, then pours it onto a hot grill. In a nearby hotel, robots check guests into their rooms and help with their luggage.CEO Hideo Sawada, who runs the restaurant and the hotel,predicted that 70% of the jobs at Japan's hotels would beautomated (自动化) in the next five years. He said, “Since youcan work them 24 hours a day, and they don't need vacation, eventually it's more costeffective to use the robot.”This_is_seemingly_worrying. In fact, in America, one of the few bright spots in recent years has been employment in restaurants and hotels. In the company Panera, because of its new kiosks, an app that allows customers to place orders online, the chain is now processing more orders overall, which means it needs more total workers to meet consumers' demand. Customers who use Starbucks' app return more frequently than those who don't. Starbucks employed 8 percent more people in the U．S. in 2016 than it did in 2015, the year it launched the app.Of course, whether automation is a net benefit for workers in restaurants and hotels and not just a competitive advantage for one chain over another will depend on whether an improved customer experience makes Americans more likely to dine out and stay at hotels, rather than brownbagging it or looking for the Airbnb to book unique homes.1．Why does the writer describe the unusual sight in paragraph 1?A．To promote robots. B．To introduce the topic.C．To voice his opinion. D．To show the background.2．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 mean?A．Automation may be a challenge to human jobs.B．Automation may increase business costs.C．Workers may fail to focus on their tasks.D．Many companies may fail to survive.3．What can we learn from the two cases in paragraph 3?A．The two companies are trying to take over the market competitively.B．Automation could open up more job chances for humans.C．Starbucks employed more people than Panera did in 2016.D．Automation helps the shops become famous online.4．What is the author's attitude toward the future of automation?A．Objective. B．Positive.C．Cautious. D．Doubtful.B(2019·济南高三模拟)We humans love to stare into our smart devices. We gaze for hours —about 10 hours and 39 minutes a day —at our computers, smartphones, tablets and televisions. Is all this staring bad for us? It might be, mainly because as we stare at our devices we are exposing ourselves to blue light.Blue light is a type of electromagnetic (电磁的) radiation with a very short wavelength that produces a high amount of energy. While it's true that light can damage our eyes under certain circumstances, there's no scientificevidence suggesting that blue light is harmful to our eyes. But many people still think it is, which is why bluelightblocking glasses are so popular. So do the glasses work?“Everyone is very concerned that blue light may be causing damage to the eye, but there's no evidence that it may be causing serious damage，”Dr. Rahul Khurana, clinical spokesman for the American Academy of Ophthalmology, told BusinessInsider.Blue light exposure is nothing new. In fact, the sun is the largest source of blue light. Moreover, blue light is also present in LED light. But if blue light isn't harmful, then why are we constantly rubbing our eyes when we're looking at our screens? The answer is eyestrain (眼疲劳): More than 60 percent of people experience eye problems associated with digital eyestrain. And blue light, it seems, isn't the cause. Instead, our eyes are so strained because most of us blink less when we stare at our digital devices. So if eyestrain is the issue, bluelightblocking glasses are probably of little use.5．What do we know about blue light?A．It is a kind of nuclear radiation.B．It has the shortest wavelength.C．It may come from electronic devices.D．It consumes a great deal of energy.6．What causes the popularity of bluelightblocking glasses?A．Evidence of their benefits to eyes.B．Belief in blue light's harmful effect.C．Widespread use of smart devices.D．Scientific understanding of blue light.7．What can be inferred from paragraph 4?A．Blue light exposure is hardly avoidable.B．Eye problems are not easy to deal with.C．Blue light may connect with tired eyes.D．Rubbing eyes makes people strained.8．According to the text, wearing bluelightblocking glasses may be ________．A．tiring B．harmfulC．useless D．beneficialC(2019·潍坊高三模拟)It's not easy feeling like you're always under the spotlight being judged for each little mistake you make. Your mind is in an endless circle playing what you said and did over and over again. You wish you had a time capsule to go back and make things right if you find mistakes. You fear what others will think about you and that they will reject and dislike you. You seek to be socially perfect.Academically, you work long endless hours just to make those excellent marks. Although most would say “it's good to have high standards，”they have no idea about the internal hell you put yourself through to achieve perfection. If you come up less than your desired goal you feel as though you have failed, but you're far from failing, you just don't see it that way. So instead you are telling yourself that you're stupid, and not smart. The pressure you place on yourself weighs you down and you wear the “not good enough”label each and every day.You not only have high standards for yourself but you also have them for others. If people don't perform up to your expectations, then you think they are incompetent. This causes a lot of frustration because you can't trust anyone to get things right. So instead of being a team player you fly solo (单飞) and try to do two or three jobs at once. Your unrealistic expectations cause you to criticize and judge others and that leads to problems in other areas of your life.The attempt to be perfect is called perfectionism and it's the unachievable American dream that's damaging our emotional and mental health. We strive for perfection with our body, in our performance, and in our relationships. In_a_society_that_overstates_mistakes,_is_it_any_wonder_that_so_many_young_people_attempt_the_impossible_task_of_being_perfect?We all have flaws, fears, and make mistakes, and that's perfectly OK. It's our imperfections that make life interesting and they help us grow into a stronger and more adaptable person. We don't have to strive to achieve the impossible. We are designed to be perfectly imperfect.9．What might be the most suitable title of the text?A．Far From FailingB．Perfectly ImperfectC．Perfectionism PhenomenonD．Unachievable American Dream10．Which of the following is a perfectionist most likely to agree?A．Nobody is perfect.B．Be generous with praise.C．There is no best, only better.D．A contented mind is an everlasting feast.11．What can we infer from the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?A．More and more people are tolerating mistakes.B．The society is partly to blame for perfectionism.C．Many young people find it impossible to be perfect.D．It's unusual for a society to seek perfectionism nowadays.12．What does the author think of imperfection?A．It's part of our life.B．It's unbearable.C．It deserves to be overcome.D．It does harm to our mental health.D(2019·成都第一次诊断)Japan recently lowered its voting age from 20 to 18. This decision was in part to help young people feel more engaged in politics. But it may also signal the change of social views regarding the beginning of adulthood.Adulthood has traditionally been defined by a combination of age and the achievementof social milestones (里程碑). Most countries have a legally defined age to determine when a person becomes an adult — the age of majority. In Australia, most states consider a person to be an adult in court at 18. The age of 18 is also consistent with other adult privileges, such as the right to purchase alcohol and to marry. However, 17yearolds can serve in the army and get a driver's licence. The law defines adulthood on the basis of age and it also recognizes the process of becoming an adult as involving himself gradually in social responsibility. This legal approach to adulthood is mirrored in other countries, where there are differences between the age of majority and social responsibility given to young people.Socially, determinants of adulthood traditionally focus on a person taking increasing responsibility for their lives in various ways. Completing school, taking fulltime employment, getting married and parenthood —these are all observable indicators to determine when a person is viewed as an adult.Since the 1980s, however, people have achieved some of these observable milestones at later ages. Increased access to education has delayed young people leaving home and developing romantic relationships. Economic changes have also resulted in unstable employment markets and increases in costs of living, prompting many young people to remain at home and dependent on parents.Due to these social changes, our expectations of young people and their level of social responsibility have also changed. The recognition of a new life stage —emerging (发展初期的) adulthood — has been recommended to account for the changes to social milestones that have traditionally represented adulthood.13．What can we learn about adulthood from the text?A．People reach observable indicators much later.B．Age alone is a reliable determinant of adulthood.C．Participation in politics is a responsibility for adulthood.D．Economic changes mainly shift people's views on adulthood.regarding the beginning of adulthood”可推知，参与政治是成年人的责任，故C项正确。
2020届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解细节理解类专项练习题含答案
2020届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解细节理解类【分类真题】(2019年课表全国卷二，C)Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach,s Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her ebook as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel's "me" time. And like more Americans, she,s not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53 percent)have breakfast alone and nearly half(46 percent)have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report."I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?" Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. "Today, I just wanted some time to myself," she said.Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction (交流)."I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week," he said. "It's a chance for self-reflection, You return to work recharged and with a plan."That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. "It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology," said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.28.What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?A. Food variety.B. Eating habits.C. Table manners.D.Restaurant service.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。
高考英语二轮总复习 第二部分 阅读理解 专题一 主旨大意
Ⅱ.高考范文必背 (2020·全国Ⅲ卷) 假定你是李华,你和同学根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。给外教Miss Evans写封邮件,请她帮忙指导。邮件内容包括: 1.剧情简介; 2.指导内容; 3.商定时间地点。 注意: 1.词数100左右; 2.结束语已为你写好。
例2(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,B) For Western designers,China and its rich culture have long been an
inspiration for Western creative. “It’s no secret that China has always been a source(来源) of inspiration
for designers,”says Amanda Hill,chief creative officer at A+E Networks,a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚) shows.
Earlier this year,the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art,with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries.The exhibition had record attendance,showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
高考英语二轮：说理议论阅读理解基础练习及答案_1
2016四川省南充市高考英语二轮：说理议论阅读理解基础练习（2）及答案说理议论（阅读理解）由(2011陕西,D)改编Ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s,genetically modified (GM,转基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the world,mainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide food crisis.But can GM technology solve world hunger problems?Even if it would,is it the best solution?Despite what it promises,GM technology actually has not increased the production potential (潜力) of any crop.In fact,studies show that the most widely grown GM crop,GM soybeans,has suffered reduced productivity.For instance,a report that analysed nearly two decades of research on major GM food crops shows that GM engineering has failed to significantly increase US crop production.Something else,however,has been on the rise.While GM seeds are expensive,GM companies tell farmers that they will make good profits by saving money on pesticides (杀虫剂).On the contrary,US government data show that GM crops in the US have produced an overall increase in pesticide use compared to traditional crops.“The promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production.But neither is true,” said Bill Christison,President of the US National Family Farm Coalition.At the same time,the authors of the book World Hunger:Twelve Myths argue that there actually is more than enough food in the world and that the hunger crisis is not caused by production,but by problems in food distribution and politics.These indeed deserve our efforts and money.Meanwhile,the rise in food prices results from the increased use of crops for fuel rather than food,according to a 2008 World Bank report.As a matter of fact,scientists see better ways to feed the world.Another World Bank report concluded that GM crops have little to offer to the challenges of worldwide poverty and hunger,because better ways out are available,among which “green” farming is supposed to be the first choice.1.The author develops the second paragraph mainly .A.by classificationB.by comparisonC.by exampleD.by process2.What does the underlined word “boost” in the third paragraph probably mean?()A.Control.B.Evaluate.C.Obtain.D.Increase.3.GM companies promise farmers that they will benefit from .A.practising “green” fa rminge of less chemicalsC.fair distribution of their cropsing more crops for fuel4.Which of the following best describes the attitude of the author towards GM technology?()A.Optimistic.B.Defensive.C.Disapproving.D.Casual.语篇解读:本文为议论文。