牛津译林版九年级英语下册9B unit4Life on Mars教案(表格式)
板书
设计
Unit4 Life on Mars
Reading (2)
the first to do, pieces of medicine
Compared with life on the Earth, life on Mars would be better in some ways.
Robots would do most of their work so that they could have more time to relax.
二次备课
一、创设情境---引锚
Lead in
Show a picture of space. Form the class into small groups and guide them to have a discussion: And ask one student from each group to present the idea of his or her group.
探究活动三：Individual work
Ask students to do exercise Part A individually. First，write "better" or“worse" in the blanks，then check the answers with their partners. After that ask them to tell at least three better things and three worse things to liveon Mars than on Earth with their books closed.
探究活动四：Part B
Daniel is talking to Amy about living on Mars. What would it be like? Work in pairs and discuss with your partner.
三、归纳总结---悟锚
What have you learned in this class? Do you have any questions to ask?
Step 2Have students do exercise Part BI on Page 6 on their own. Then ask some students to their answers. The other students should correct them if they got wrong answers,And thenget the whole class to read the words and their corresponding meanings.
1. Why do people move to Mars?（Para 1）
2. When will people live on Mars?（Para 1）
3 How do people move to Mars and how do people live on Mars?（Para 2-4）
4. What are the advantages of living on Mars? (Para 5-6)：
板书
设计
9B Unit 4 Life on Mars
Reading (1)
imagine planet crowded polluted human
develop oxygen settler float fashionable
教学反思
年级
Grade9
学科
English
授课时间
月日
课题
9BUnit4Reading2
5. What are the disadvantages of living on Mars?（Para 7）
探究活动三：Practice
Ask students to read the passage loudly to find the new words that they met in the reading and guess the meaning of them. Meanwhile play the tape for them to listen and ask them to imitate the pronunciation. Also encourage them to use the dictionary to find the meaning of the new words：crowded，develop，dome，float，gravity
四、检测反馈---固锚
五、评价提升---省锚
布置作业
1.Remember the words and phrases.
2.完成《课课练》第一课时。
3.预习Reading中的新单词。
板书
设计
9B Unit 4 Life on Mars
Welcome to the unit
think about get to my food space helmet
Ask students to read the passage using the reading skills of skimming and scanning. Tell‘them to focus their attention on the paragraphs involved the following questions.
二、自主合作---探锚
探究活动一：Listening
After listening to the comic strips，ask students some questions about it. eg. How does Eddie like life on Mars?（He hate it.）Why?（Because of the helmet.）
dried food power pack less gravity
sleeping bag wear special boots
教学反思
年级
Grade 9
学科
English
授课时间
月日
课题
9BUnit4Reading1
教学
目标
1、大致了解火星上的生活。
2、读课文并从课文中了解火星上生活的信息。
3、认识在火星上生活的词汇。
二、自主合作---探锚
探究活动一：Practice
Ask students to do exercise Part B2 in pairs. Students should match the key words with the links below. Ask students who have used a search engine to explain to the class how it works.
探究活动二：Reading
Students can be asked to read the passage again，and then ask them to choose the correct answer for each question in Part Cl. Then ask eight students to read out their answers，and check the answers with the whole class.
Language points：hate doing…，get to…，How do you like… them to make up sentences.
探究活动二：Discussing
Show some pictures of life on Mars. Form students into groups of four and ask them to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of living on Mars. Each group should have one student note down their discussion and prepare to share their discussion with the other groups.
Step2. Ask students to listen to the passage, paying attention to the pronunciation, and make some of them to read the paragraphs aloud.
探究活动二：Skimming and scanning
年级
Grade 9
学科
English
授课时间
月日
课题
9BUnit4Welcome to theunit
教学
目标
由How do you like life on Mars引出讨论火星上的生活是否比地球好些？了解去月球需要带哪些东西。
重点
难点
讨论火星上的生活是否比地球好些，了解火星上生活的优点。
教学过程
三、归纳总结---悟锚
What have you learned in this class? Do you have any questions to ask?
4、检测反馈---固锚
五、评价提升---省锚
牛津译林版英语九下Unit 4《Life on Mars》(Reading B、C)教学设计
牛津译林版英语九下Unit 4《Life on Mars》（Reading B、C）教学设计一. 教材分析《Life on Mars》是一篇关于科学家对火星上是否存在生命的研究的文章。
文章介绍了火星探测的历史，火星的环境以及科学家对火星生命的探索。
通过阅读文章，学生可以了解火星探测的科学知识，同时提高阅读理解能力。
二. 学情分析学生在学习本课时已经掌握了基本的英语语法和词汇，具备一定的阅读理解能力。
但部分学生对科学知识了解不多，可能对文章中的专业术语感到困难。
因此，在教学过程中需要帮助学生理解文章内容，掌握相关科学词汇。
三. 教学目标1.了解火星探测的历史，火星的环境以及科学家对火星生命的探索。
2.提高阅读理解能力，能够理解并概括文章的主要内容。
3.掌握相关科学词汇和表达方式。
四. 教学重难点1.理解文章中的科学知识，特别是火星探测的专业术语。
2.运用阅读策略，概括文章的主要内容。
五. 教学方法采用任务型教学法，让学生在完成任务的过程中提高阅读理解能力。
同时，运用合作学习法，让学生分组讨论，共同解决问题。
此外，运用启发式教学法，引导学生思考和探讨，激发学生的学习兴趣。
六. 教学准备1.制作多媒体课件，展示火星探测的图片和视频。
2.准备相关科学词汇的卡片。
3.准备文章的阅读材料。
七. 教学过程1.导入（5分钟）利用多媒体课件，展示火星探测的图片和视频，引导学生关注火星，激发学生的学习兴趣。
同时，简要介绍火星探测的历史，为阅读文章做好铺垫。
2.呈现（10分钟）分发文章，让学生独立阅读。
在阅读过程中，鼓励学生遇到生词和难点时，借助文章下面的注释和词汇卡片进行理解。
教师巡视课堂，解答学生的疑问。
3.操练（10分钟）学生分组讨论，共同解答以下问题：a.What is the mn idea of the passage?b.Can you summarize the key points of the passage?c.What do you think about the possibility of life on Mars?教师参与讨论，引导学生运用文章中的信息进行回答。
(完整版)牛津英语9BU4LifeonMars
牛津英语9BUnit4 Life on Mars【重点词汇】1、look for，find,find out这三个词都有“找”的涵义，但具体用法有别:1）look for意为“寻找”,是有目的地找，强调“寻找"这一动作。
如：-What are you looking for？—I'm looking for my bike．2）find意为“找到”“发现”，强调“找”的结果,其宾语往往是某个丢失的东西或人。
如：-Did you find Li Ming yesterday？-No，we looked for him everywhere,but didn't find him．3）find out着重表示通过理解、分析、思考、询问等“弄清楚”“查明"一件事情,其后的宾语常常是某个情况、事实。
如：Please find out when the train leaves．Have you found out why he was late?2、take 拿，取take sth with sb 把某物带在身边take sth/sb to sp 把某人/某物带到某地E。
g You should take an umbrella with you.Can you take my bag to the classroom please?【拓展】take的用法1）表示“乘坐某一交通工具”Shall we go there by bike or take a taxi？They usually take a bus to work。
2）表示“花费”，常常和it连用，it在句子中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式.How long will it take you to do your homework every day？3）吃，喝，服用，放Will you take a glass of milk?Take the medicine three times a day。
牛津译林版英语9B 九年级下册Unit4RevisionI课件
Barney: In my opinion , there is no life on Mars. You know, the environment there is not suitable for life at all. How can people __l_iv_e__o_n_M__a_r_s____ if there is no oxygen?
travel into space dried food sleeping bag
(all) over again in the form of
compare to/ with at a/ the speed of by the year 2100
随着技术的发展 人口的快速增长 感到不舒服 大量旅客 飘离到太空中 (使)连接； 联接 因为低重力 住在火星上
wouldn't have to go to school. An interplanetary network would allow them to study at online
schools.
完成句子 1. 欢迎以钱的形式资助。
_H_e_l_p_i_n_t_h_e__fo_r_m__o_f_m__o_n_e_y____ will be welcome. 2. 据说大批的游客在五一假期去了西藏。
Teaching aims: 1. To review words and important phrases on the topic ; 2. To review grammar in this unit; 3. To do some exercises.
Key WLeabharlann rds1. 行星 n.planet
_C_o_m__p_a_r_e_d_w__it_h_t_h_e__li_fe__o_n_t_h_e_E_a_r_t_h___, life on Mars would be better in some ways. 5. 由于人口急剧增长，我们的城市变得越发拥挤，污染日益严重。
牛津译林版英语九下Unit 4《Life on Mars》(Study skills)教学设计
牛津译林版英语九下Unit 4《Life on Mars》（Study skills）教学设计一. 教材分析《Life on Mars》是人教版牛津译林英语九年级下册第四单元的一篇文章，主要介绍科学家对火星生命存在的探索和研究。
文章内容丰富，语言难度适中，有利于学生提高阅读理解和科学知识。
通过学习本文，学生能够了解火星的基本情况，掌握与火星有关的词汇和表达方式，提高阅读理解能力。
二. 学情分析九年级的学生已经具备一定的英语基础，对阅读理解文章有一定的掌握。
但部分学生在词汇量和科学知识方面可能存在不足，需要教师在教学中进行引导和补充。
此外，学生对于火星生命的探索和研究可能存在好奇心，教师可以借此机会激发学生的学习兴趣。
三. 教学目标1.知识目标：学生能够掌握与火星相关的词汇和表达方式，了解火星的基本情况。
2.能力目标：学生能够提高阅读理解能力，学会从文章中获取和处理信息。
3.情感目标：培养学生对科学的兴趣和好奇心，鼓励学生思考和讨论。
四. 教学重难点1.重点：学生能够理解文章内容，掌握与火星相关的词汇和表达方式。
2.难点：学生能够运用所学知识进行思考和讨论，提高阅读理解能力。
五. 教学方法1.任务型教学法：通过设定各种任务，引导学生主动参与学习，提高学生的实践能力。
2.合作学习法：鼓励学生分组讨论，培养学生的团队协作能力。
3.情境教学法：创设相关情境，让学生在实际语境中学习英语。
六. 教学准备1.教师准备：备好相关教学材料，如PPT、词汇卡片等。
2.学生准备：预习文章，了解火星的基本情况。
七. 教学过程1.导入（5分钟）教师通过提问方式引导学生谈论关于火星的话题，激发学生的兴趣。
如：“Do you know anything about Mars? What do you want to know aboutMars?”2.呈现（10分钟）教师通过PPT展示火星的图片和相关知识，为学生提供直观的视觉感受。
牛津译林版九年级下册Unit 4《Life on Mars》教学设计6
牛津译林版九年级下册Unit 4《Life on Mars》教学设计6一. 教材分析《Life on Mars》是人教版初中英语九年级下册的一篇文章，主要介绍了人类对火星生命的探索和研究。
文章内容引人入胜，富有想象力，能够激发学生对科学的兴趣和探究精神。
本节课的教学内容主要包括阅读理解、词汇学习和语言运用等方面。
通过本节课的学习，学生能够掌握文章的主要内容，提高阅读理解能力，同时增强对英语语言的应用能力。
二. 学情分析学生在进入九年级下学期时，已经具备了一定的英语基础，能够进行简单的英语阅读和交流。
但是，对于一些较复杂的句子结构和词汇，学生可能还存在着理解上的困难。
因此，在教学过程中，需要针对学生的实际情况进行针对性的教学设计，帮助学生更好地理解和掌握文章内容。
三. 教学目标1.知识目标：学生能够掌握文章的主要内容，理解文章中的一些关键词汇和表达方式。
2.能力目标：学生能够提高阅读理解能力，能够运用所学知识进行简单的交流和讨论。
3.情感目标：通过本节课的学习，学生能够激发对科学的兴趣和探究精神，增强对英语语言的应用能力。
四. 教学重难点1.重点：学生能够理解文章的主要内容，掌握文章中的一些关键词汇和表达方式。
2.难点：学生能够运用所学知识进行阅读理解和语言运用，提高自己的英语应用能力。
五. 教学方法本节课采用任务型教学法，通过引导学生进行阅读理解、词汇学习和语言运用等任务，激发学生的学习兴趣和探究精神，提高学生的英语应用能力。
六. 教学准备1.教师准备：教师需要提前准备教学材料，包括PPT、教案、测试题等。
2.学生准备：学生需要提前预习课文，了解文章的主要内容，查找一些相关词汇的释义。
七. 教学过程1.导入（5分钟）教师通过向学生提出一些关于火星的问题，如“你们知道火星上有什么？”“你们认为火星上是否存在生命？”等，引导学生思考和讨论，激发学生的学习兴趣。
2.呈现（10分钟）教师通过PPT呈现文章的主要内容，引导学生关注文章中的关键信息，如文章的标题、作者、主要内容等。
牛津译林版英语九下Unit4《LifeonMars》(GrammarA)说课稿
牛津译林版英语九下Unit 4《Life on Mars》（GrammarA）说课稿一. 教材分析《Life on Mars》是人教版牛津译林英语九年级下册Unit 4的一篇文章，主要讨论了关于火星上是否存在生命的猜测、假设和研究。
文章内容丰富，涉及到科学探究、宇宙探索等主题，旨在提高学生的阅读理解能力和科学素养。
本文主要通过阅读理解、思考探索等方式，让学生了解火星探索的历史、现状和未来，培养学生的创新思维和科学精神。
二. 学情分析九年级的学生已经具备了一定的英语基础，能够理解和运用一些基本的英语语法和词汇。
但是，由于文章涉及到较多的科学术语和复杂的情节，学生可能对这些内容感到陌生，理解起来存在一定的困难。
因此，在教学过程中，需要针对学生的实际情况，适当降低难度，引导学生通过阅读、思考、讨论等方式，逐步理解文章内容，提高阅读理解能力。
三. 说教学目标1.知识目标：让学生掌握文章中的重点词汇和短语，如“speculate”、“robotic probe”等，并能够运用这些词汇和短语进行口语表达和写作。
2.能力目标：通过阅读和思考，提高学生的阅读理解能力，培养学生运用英语获取和处理信息的能力。
3.情感目标：激发学生对科学探索的热情，培养学生的创新思维和科学精神。
四. 说教学重难点1.重点：文章中的重点词汇和短语，以及基本的阅读理解能力。
2.难点：文章中涉及的火星探索的科学知识，以及如何运用英语进行逻辑推理和论证。
五. 说教学方法与手段1.教学方法：采用问题驱动的教学方法，引导学生通过阅读、思考、讨论等方式，主动探索文章内容，提高阅读理解能力。
2.教学手段：利用多媒体教学设备，展示与火星探索相关的图片和视频，帮助学生更好地理解文章内容。
六. 说教学过程1.Pre-reading：引导学生预习文章，了解文章主题和大意，为新课的学习做好准备。
2.While-reading：通过快速阅读，让学生找出文章中的关键词和短语，理解文章的基本情节。
牛津译林版2019-2020学年九年级英语下册Unit4 Life on Mars task课件
If you live on a lonely island,
what will you need?
Houses
? Free time
Life on island
Transport
Food
Clothes
Watch aou were a member of them,
Where would you live on Mars? Would you keep animals?
What about shopping? Need money?
How to go shopping?
Eat anything Angry when hungry
many (5)_o_n_l_in_e_ theatres.If we want to go
somewhere quiet, there are(6)_t_w_o__m__o_o_n_s
taomvaisziitn, gBu(7t)m_lo_ow_s-_tg_pr_ea_ov_pit_lyegparmefeesr
Mars.
(F)
4、Mars has two moons: Phobos and
Deimos.
(T )
5、The atmosphere of Mars is 95 per cent
ocaxrybgoenn.dioxide
(F )
6、The gravity on Mars is about three-eights of
is cheaper to buy most things on Mars.
A very popular form of entertainment is
牛津初中英语9B Unit 1 Reading “Life on Mars”教学设计
牛津初中英语9B Unit 1 Reading “Life on Mars”教学设计一、教材分析本课是9b unit 1的reading。
这一课时展望了将来人们在火星上的生活状况。
文章分别就交通、食品、水、空气、重力等多个方面讨论了火星上生活的优缺点。
在组织教学时，教师要鼓励学生展开想象，提醒学生在谈论未来生活时有多种可能，启发学生思维，同时教师还应注意对学生略读和寻读等阅读策略的训练。
二、学情分析初三（5）班是一个普通实验班，学生普遍接受能力比较强，反应快，关于问题的发散性思维较为活跃。
学生对开放性问题感兴趣，但是英语词汇量不大，口头表达能力需要进一步提高。
三、教学目标预设1.语言知识目标掌握本课时需要掌握的四会单词、主要词组和句型。
2.能力目标（1）学会运用本课所学的主要词汇和句型来简单描述未来生活。
（2）学会略读和寻读等阅读技巧。
3.情感目标引导学生思考在另一个星球上生活的前景和可能性，比较不同环境的优点和缺点，激发学生探索未知世界的热情。
四、教材重点、难点五、教学重难点1.重点（1）学习和运用四会单词、词组，通过阅读课文内容获取信息。
（2）在阅读中不断操练略读和寻读等阅读技巧。
2.难点在理解文章大意的基础上，通过组织教学活动，促进学生思维发展，激发探索未知世界的热情。
五、教学策略教学思路：1.lead-in（通过视频导出生词并使学生对火星的基本情况有所了解。
）2.first reading （通过skimming的阅读技巧，回答一个基本问题，了解文章大意。
）3.seconding reading（通过scanning的阅读技巧，先找出各小节的关键词。
然后通过回答问题、改错、填空等活动将文章分块阅读，获取细节信息。
）4. third reading （通读全文，概括火星生活的优缺点。
）5.reading for development（通过学生间的采访活动输出阅读获取信息；通过观看人类探索火星取得的成就视频，引发学生思考，升华情感。
Unit 4 Life on Mars【复习课件】九年级英语下册单元复习(牛津译林版)
(2) large numbers of ...= many
large numbers of 许多，大量，修饰__可__数__名词，做 主语时，谓语动词常用复_数_____形式，相当于a lot of, many。 Lthaergneunmubmerbeorfs…of…bi的rd数s f目ly to the south every winter. 后常接可数名词复数，做主语时，谓语动词常用单 数形式。
*外星人 n. alien
*劣势,缺点,不利条件 n. disadvantage
重点短语
Translate the phrases.
1. 去太空旅行
travel into space
2. 你认为……怎么样? How do you like…?
3. 我原以为
I thought…
4. 得到我的食物
get to my food
行星间的 adj. interplanetary
*网络 n. network
挑战性的 adj. challenging
*知道,意识到 adj. aware 距离;远处 n. distance
*娱乐 n. entertainment [复] 商品,货品 n. goods
*百分率;百分数 n. percentage
rapid
fast quick
较 正 式 ， 常 指 突 The disease is spread at a 然 或 急 速 （ 且 连 rapid rate. 续不断的动作） 这种疾病正在迅速蔓延。 侧 重 指 速 度 方 面 She ran fast. 她快速地跑。 “快”
九年级英语Life on Mars教案4
Unit 1 Life on MarsReading (1)Learning ActivitiesLearning aims:1.To identify and understand the words about living on Mars.2.To know the situation of living on another planet.3.To list the differences between life on Earth and life on Mars. Learning procedures:Activity One PreviewI. New words（写出单词中文意思及词性）1. imagine __________2.planet____________3.crowded____________4. polluted___________5.hopefully__________6.spacecraft _________7. space shuttle _________8. human__________9. develop___________10. oxygen___________ 11.gravity ___________12. settler __________13.float___________14.fashionable__________15.various__________16 .compare___________17.dome___________18.interplanetary_________work_________ _20.force___________ 21.vehicle_________22. population__________23.enjoyable___________24. normal ________ Ⅱ. New phrases (在课文上标出下列短语，朗读并试着写上译文) 1.become more and more crowded and polluted _______________2.at present ______________3. large numbers of people ____________________4. at half the speedof light ____________5. the gravity on Mars ____________________6. three-eighths of … _________________7. float away into…___________________ 8. compare… with… __________________9.a dome with ten bedrooms ________________10. in many ways ____________________11. connect… to… ________________ 12. in the form of pills ___________13. in some ways________ 14. under the control of …__________15. at online schools _______Ⅲ. New sentences (互相讨论下面句子，注意划线部分的用法)1.Here is what life might be like.2.At present, our spacecraft are too slow to carry large numbers ofpeople to Mars.3.The gravity on Mars is only about three-eighths of that on Earth.4.There will be various designs for settlers to choose from.pared with life on Earth, life on Mars will be better in manyways.6.Scientists will develop plants that can grow on Mars. These plantswill produce the food and oxygen that we need.Activity Two Lead inLearning the new words and phrases by themselves (looking at pictures, learn some words, such as ‘crowded, polluted ’)Activity Three Reading and understanding1.To finish the following:1)planet (line3) ______ a small round medicines2)spacecraft (lin7) ______ b a force that keeps us from floating inthe air3)develop (line 12) ______ c vehicles designed for travel in space4)gravity (line16) ______ d grow and improve5)settlers ( line 16) _______ e people who go to live in a new place6) robots (line26) _______ f a large body in space that moves around a star, e.g. the sun7) pills ( line 34) _______ g machines that work under the crontrol of computers2. Match 1,2…6 with a, b , c …1. crowded planet2. space shuttles3. speed boots4.space home5. robot settlers6. online teachera.Need someone to teach you any time, at any place? __________b. Living in a round house is fun… __________c. All about NASA’s new model of spacecraft… __________d. Our shoes can make you walk faster! __________e. Robots could be the first to live on … ___________f. The population on Earth is still increasing quickly. Move to… ________3. To finish the T/F questions(If F, please correct them)1) By 2100, people might live on Mars. ___________2) Mars is becoming crowded and polluted. _____________3) Now, it takes months for a spacecraft to travel from Earth to Mars. _________4) Plants can produce oxygen that humans need. ___________5) Mars has three times the gravity of Earth. ___________6) People will have less space on Mars. ___________7) Students will go to schllo by spacecraft. ___________8) Space travel might make people feel ill. ___________4. Choose the correct answers:1) Why do we need to move to Mars? ( ) A Earth is crowded and polluted.B To make friends with people who live there.C Flying to Mars will be cheap.2) How long does it take to fly to Mars at present? ( )A HoursB MonthsC Years3) What will food be like on Mars? ( ) A Very tasty B. Very sweet.C Not very tasty.4) Will gravity on Mars be a big problem? ( )A No. We will tie ourselves to the planet.B Yes. Many pepole will get lost.C No. We will wear special boots.5) Will the journey to Mars be enjoyable? ( ) A Yes. It will be very comfortable.B No. It will be very uncomfortable.C No. It will be terrible.6) How are we going to breathe on Mars? ( ) A We will carry air tanks.B Plants will produce oxygen.C We will live in domes.7) Where will we live on Mars? A In large domes. B On spacecraft.C In special boots.8) How will we study, do our homework and take exams? ( )A we will not need to learn anything.B In online schools.C In normal schools.5. What will the life be like ?Transport 121Food, water and air2Gravity :6. The better life on Mars:1.)2.)3.)4.)7. Some worse ways1.)2.)3.)8. Difference between life on Earth and life on MarsActivity Four Production1：1．）It’s becoming more and more c and p . 2．） H we can build a better world on Mars.2: How can we get to the Mars? In____________ _____________ 1.）T should be better.2） At present our spacecraft are too s __ to c __ large numbers of people.3） By 2100,the space shuttles can travel at h the speed of l ____3. 1）Scientists should d plants that can grow on Mars. 2）The plants will p __ the food and oxygen4. 1）The gravity on Mars only about three e (3/8 )of the gravity on Earth.2）We could jump e ___ and f _____ into space.3）Humans have to wear s ____ boots to make themselves heavier.4）The boots will probably become f .5）There’ll be many different d for s_____ to choose from.5. Where will we live on Mars? In a d___________ with 10 bedrooms Life on Mars will be b than on Earth in many ways.1.) people have .2. )Living in a dome with 10 bedrooms is highly p .3.)R will do most of our work.4. )We will have more time for our h6. 1)Every student will have a computer c to an inter-planet computer network.2) They can s_______, _______ _________ ___________and ___ _ in online schools.3).Each student will also have________ _______ ___________ __________ called ‘e-teacher’ .7. In some ways, Life on Mars may not be better than life on Earth. 1.)Food will be not as t as they’re today It will be in the form of p .2.)Space travel will make people feel i _______ . The journey to Mars will be very u .Activity Five Discussion:4.5.6.7. . . 4.5.6. ...4． 45.1.The city is becoming more and more___________________( pollute).2.Food will not be as _________ ( taste) as they are today.3.We need some food ___________ ( eat ).4._______________ ( hope ) we can find out the evidence of this crime.5.Transport will be much __________ ( good ) on Mars than that onEarth.6.They’re sure that the journey to South Polar will be______________( comfortable ).。