GA Information
GA2000 简易操作指南

昂为电子@ 版权所有
1、仪器外观说明
出气口
温度或外接 探头接口
充电器或 风速仪接口
进气端接口 分压接口
开机/关机键 确认键
数字键(1~9) [其中 2、4、6、8 兼作方向键]
数字键 0 [兼作背光灯键]
泵开关键
2、仪器使用注意事项
¾ 仪器开机后会进行自检,自检完毕自动进入检测界面; ¾ 该设备仅能在环境温度从 0 ºC 到+40 ºC 范围下使用; ¾ 注意检查进气管路是否阻塞,若长期阻塞容易损坏取样气泵; ¾ 输入气体压力要在规格之内 (-20Kpa~20Kpa),尤其测量高压标准气体时,注意气压和流量,
需要进入该界面进行测量。
★操作提示
1 Exit-------------------------退出菜单 Zero transducers---------压力调零
3.4 数据读取界面
在菜单界面中,按方向键(数字 2 或 8)选择 VIEW DATA 进入数据读取界面。
已储存数量/ID 号 及储存日期
BioGas 操作手册
(1)
在仪器校准操作界面中,按数字键 3 并逐一完成各组分标准气体的浓度设定: CH4 设定为 60%; CO2 设定为 40%; O2 设定为 20.9%;(因为环境空气中 O2 的含量认为是稳定维持在 20.9%)
(2) 接入标准气瓶时,要按下述图示连接
(3)各组分浓度校准 校准的步骤简易说明如下表:
校准气体 混合 1 混合 2 混合 3
CH4 0% 5% 60%
CO2 0% 5% 40%
O2
N2
0%
100%
6%
84%
0%
0%
以上推荐的标准气体主要针对需要高准确度测量结果的用户,一般情况下,用户利用混合 3 标准气 体及环境空气即可完成对本仪器的校准,以下针对本校准方法进行详细说明。
ket分类词汇表汉语(附音标)

实用KET分类词汇表Natural World and Weatherair[ɛə] n.空气beach [bi:tʃ] n. 海滩cloud [klaud] n.云grass [grɑ:s] n.草grow [grəu] v.生长hill [hil] n.小山hot[hɔt] adj.热的sea [si:] n.海sky[skai] n.天空snow [snəu] n.雪south[sauθ] n.南方water ['wɔ:tə] n.水weather ['weðə]n.天气west [west] n.西方wet [wet] adj.湿的cold [kəuld] adj.冷的country ['kʌntri] n.国家/农村,乡下countryside['kʌntri'said]n.乡下/农村east [i:st] n.东方field [fi:ld] n.田地/场地fire [faiə] n./v.火/起火flower ['flauə] n.花fog [fɔg] n.雾foggy ['fɔgi] adj.雾的forest ['fɔrist] n.森林ice [ais] n.冰island ['ailənd] n.岛lake [leik] n.湖moon [mu:n] n.月亮mountain ['mauntin] n.山脉north [nɔ:θ] n.北方outdoor['autdɔ:]adj户外的plant [plɑ:nt] n.植物/种植rain [rein] n.雨/下雨river ['rivə] n.河space [speis] n.场地/空间/太空spring [spriŋ] n.春天star [stɑ:] n.星星storm [stɔ:m] n.暴风雨summer ['sʌmə] n.夏天sun [sʌn] n.太阳sunny ['sʌni] adj.晴朗的thunderstorm['θʌndɚ,stɔ:m] n.雷雨tree [tri:] n.树warm [wɔ:m] adj.温暖的wind [waind] n.风windy ['windi] adj.有风的winter winter n.冬天wood [wud] n.木;木材wool [wul] n.羊毛world [wə:ld] n.世界Colourslight/dark adj. 浅色/深色black [blæk] adj. 黑色blue [blu:] adj. 蓝色brown [braun] adj. 棕色green[gri:n] adj. 绿色grey [grei] adj. 灰色orange['ɔ:rindʒ] adj. 橘色pink[piŋk] adj. 粉红色purple ['pə:pl] adj. 紫色red [red] adj. 红色white[hwait] adj. 白色yellow['jeləu] adj. 黄色Travel and Transport(aero)plane['ɛərəplein] n.飞机airport ['ɛəpɔ:t] n. 机场ambulance ['æmbjuləns] n. 救护车brake [breik] n. 刹车bridge [bridʒ] n. 桥arrive [ə'raiv] v. 到达flight [flait] n. 飞/航班garage ['gærɑ:ʒ] n. 汽车修理场/车库helicopter ['helikɔptə] n.直升飞机journey ['dʒə:ni] n. 旅行、旅程leave [li:v] v. 离开left [left] n./adj. 左边/左边的passport ['pɑ:s,pɔ:t]n.护照petrol ['petrəl] n. 汽油petrol station n. 加油站pilot ['pailət] n. 飞行员plane [plein] n. 飞机platform ['plæt,fɔ:m]n.站台police [pə'li:s] car n. 警实用车problem ['prɔbləm] n. 问题suitcase ['su:tkeis] n. 旅行箱ticket ['tikit] n. 票tour [tuə] n./v. 观光/旅游tour guide n. 导游tourist ['tu:rist] n. 游客traffic ['træfik] n. 交通canal [kə'næl] n. 运河/水道coach [kəutʃ] n. 长途客车crossroads['krɔsrəudz] n. 十字路口delay [di'lei] v. 延迟driving licence['laisəns]n.驾驶执照engine ['endʒin] n. 发动机engineer [,endʒi'niə]n.工程师lorry ['lɔ:ri] n. 卡车luggage ['lʌgidʒ] n. 行李mechanic [mi'kænik] n. 机械师mile [mail] n. 英里mirror ['mirə] n. 镜子motorway ['məutəwei] n. 高速公路park [pɑ:k]. 停车passenger ['pæsindʒə] n.乘客railway ['reilwei] n. 铁路roundabout ['raundəbaut] n.道路交叉处的环形路traffic lights n. 交通灯travel agent ['eidʒənt] n.旅行社underground ['ʌndəgraund]adj. 地下的wheel [hwi:l] n. 车轮下面与地点相关的词汇一定更要牢记!!Buildings and Places We Live and Workapartment [ə'pɑ:tmənt] n. 公寓bank [bæŋk] n. 银行,堤岸bookshop ['bukʃɔp] n. 书店building ['bildiŋ] n. 建筑物bus station n. 公共汽车站café[kə'fei] n. 咖啡馆campsite ['kæmp,sait] n. 营地castle ['kɑ:sl] n. 城堡cathedral [kə'θi:drəl]n. 大教堂centre ['sɛntɚ] n. 中心church [tʃə:tʃ] n. 教堂cinema ['sinimə] n. 电影院club [klʌb] n. 俱乐部city ['siti] n. 城市college ['kɔlidʒ] n. 学院corner ['kɔ:nə] n. 角落department store [di'pɑ:tm ənt] n. 百货公司disco ['diskəu]迪斯科舞entrance ['entrəns] n.入口exhibition [,eksi'biʃən] n.展览/展览会exit ['eksit] n. 出口factory:['fæktəri] n. 工厂farm [fɑ:m] n. 农场,农田flat [flæt] n./a. 公寓/平坦的guesthouse ['gesthaus] n. 宾馆,旅社hospital ['hɔspitl] n. 医院hotel [həu'tel] n. 宾馆library ['laibrəri] n. 图书馆lift [lift] n./v. 电梯, 举起market ['mɑ:kit] n. 市场museum [mju:'ziəm] n. 博物馆newsagent ['nju:z,eidʒənt]n. 报刊经销商post office n. 邮局restaurant ['restərɔnt] n.饭店ruin ['ruin] n./v. 废墟/毁灭sports centre n. 体育中心square [skwɛə] n. 正方形stadium ['steidiəm] n. 体育场supermarket ['sju:pə,mɑ:kit] n. 超级市场theatre ['θiətə] n. 剧场,戏院tourist information centre['tu:rist] n. 旅游信息中心travel agent ['trævl] n. 旅行社university [,ju:ni'və:siti]n. 大学village ['vilidʒ] n. 村庄zoo [zu:] n. 动物园Food and Drinkbarbecue ['bɑ:bikju:] n./v. 烤肉chips [tʃip]n. 炸土豆条(片)biscuit ['biskit] n. 饼干bit of cake n. 一小块蛋糕boil [bɔil] v. 煮沸bottle ['bɔtl] n. 瓶子chocolate ['tʃɔkəlit] n. 巧克力coffee ['kɔfi] n. 咖啡cook [kuk] n.厨师cooker ['kukə] n.炊具cream [kri:m] n. 奶油dinner ['dinə] n. 晚餐hungry ['hʌŋgri] a. 饥饿的ice cream n. 冰淇淋jam [dʒæm] n. 果酱juice [dʒu:s] n. 果汁kitchen ['kitʃin] n. 厨房knife [naif] n. 刀lemon ['lemən] n.柠檬piece of cake n. 一块蛋糕pizza ['pi:tsə]比萨饼plate [pleit] n. 碟,盘potato [pə'teitəu] n. 土豆roast [rəust] v. 烤,烘焙salad ['sæləd] n.沙拉,凉菜salt [sɔ:lt] n. 盐bowl [bəul] n. 碗breakfast ['brekfəst] n. 早餐burger ['bə:gə] n. 汉堡包burn [bə:n] v. 燃烧butter ['bʌtə] n. 黄油carrot ['kærət] n. 胡萝卜cheese [tʃi:z] n. 乳酪chicken ['tʃikin] n. 鸡肉dish [diʃ] n. 盘子/一道菜drink [driŋk] n. 饮料fork [fɔ:k] n. 叉fridge [fridʒ] n. 电冰箱fried [fraid] a. 油炸的fruit [fru:t] n. 水果grape [greip] n. 葡萄steak [steik] n. 牛排sugar ['ʃugə] n. 糖sweet [swi:t] a. 甜的thirsty ['θə:sti] a. 口渴的tomato [tə'meitəu] n. 西红柿,番茄vegetable ['vedʒitəbl] n.蔬菜waiter ['weitə] n. 服务员waitress ['weitris] n. 女服务员onion ['ʌnjən] n. 洋葱meat [mi:t] n. 肉pepper ['pepə] n. 胡椒lemonade [,lemən'eid] n.柠檬水main course [kɔ:s] n. 主菜menu ['menju:] n. 菜单mineral water ['minərəl]n.矿泉水pasta ['pɑ:stə] n. 意大利面picnic ['piknik] n. 野餐sandwich ['sændwitʃ] n.三明治slice [slais] n. 薄的切片snack [snæk] n.小吃,零食soup [su:p] n. 汤cake [keik] n. 蛋糕omelette ['ɔmlit] n. 煎蛋meal [mi:l] n. 一餐,一顿饭grill [gril] n. 烧烤架grilled [grild] a. 烤的Timea.m./p.m. ad.上午/下午appointment [ə'pɔintmənt] n. 约会,预约autumn ['ɔ:təm] n. 秋天birthday ['bə:θdei] n. 生日century ['sentʃuri] n. 世纪daily ['deili] a. 每日的holidays ['hɔlədi] n. 节假日midnight ['midnait] n. 午夜moment ['məumənt] n. 片刻,瞬间noon [nu:n] n. 中午January [dænjuəri] 一月February [februəri] 二月March [mɑ:tʃ] 三月April [´eiprəl] 四月May [mei] 五月June [dju:n] 六月July [dju:lai] 七月August [ɔ:ˈɡʌst] 八月September [səptembə] 九月October [ɔktəubə] 十月November [nəuvembə] 十一月December [disembə] 十二月spring [spriŋ] n. 春天summer ['sʌmə] n. 夏天weekend ['wi:k'end] n. 周末weekday ['wi:kdei] n. 工作日weekly ['wi:kli] a. 每周的Monday ['mʌndi]Tuesday ['tju:zdi]Wednesday ['wenzdi]Thursday ['θə:zdi]Friday ['fraidi]Saturday ['sætədi] Sunday ['sʌndi]Communicate, Culture and Entertainmentadvertisement [əd'və:tism ənt] n. 广告art [ɑ:t] n. 艺术band [bænd] n. 乐队, 绳camera ['kæmərə] n.相机cassette [kə'set] n. 盒式录音带competition [,kɔmpi'tiʃən] n. 比赛、竞争concert ['kɔnsət] n. 音乐会conversation [,kɔnvə'seiʃən] n. 会话,谈话drum [drʌm] n. 鼓exhibition [,eksi'biʃən] n. 展览,展览会email ['i:meil] n. 电子邮件guidebook ['gaidbuk] n. 旅行指南guitar [gi'tɑ:] n. 吉他information [,infə'meiʃən]n. 信息internet ['intə,net] n. 英特网journalist ['dʒə:nəlist]n. 记者magazine [,mægə'zi:n]n.杂志mobile ['məubil] (phone) n.手机mouse [maus] n. 老鼠,鼠标museum [mju:'ziəm] n. 博物馆opera ['ɔpərə] n, 歌剧painter ['peintə] n. 画家photography [fə'tɔgrəfi]n. 摄影practice/practise ['præktis]n./v. 练习,实践prize [praiz] n. 奖品programme ['prəugræm]n.节目project [prə'dʒekt] n. 工程、项目website ['web,sait] n. 网站present ['preznt] n. 礼物Job and Workactor ['æktə] n. 男演员artist ['ɑ:tist] n. 艺术家businessman ['biznismæn] n. 商人chemist ['kemist] n. 化学家,药剂师cleaner ['kli:nə] n, 清洁工colleague ['kɔli:g] n. 同事company ['kʌmpəni] n. 公司computer [kəm'pju:tə]n.电脑customer ['kʌstəmə] n. 顾客dentist ['dentist] n. 牙医diploma [di'pləumə] n. 文实用凭doctor ['dɔktə] n. 医生driver ['draivə] n. 司机earn [ə:n] v. 赚得,获得engineer[,endʒi'niə]n. 工程师guest [gest] n. 客人guide [gaid] n. 引导者、指南hairdresser ['hɛə,dresə] n. 理发师instructions [in'strʌkʃən] n. 说明书journalist ['dʒə:nəlist] n. 记者mechanic [mi'kænik] n. 机械工nurse [nə:s] n. 护士occupation [,ɔkju'peiʃən]n. 职业painter ['peintə] n. 画家pharmacy ['fɑ:məsi] n. 药房photographer [fə'tɔgrəfə]n.摄影师pilot ['pailət] n. 飞行员receptionist [ri'sepʃənist]n. 接待员secretary ['sekrətri] n. 秘书shop assistant [ə'sistənt]n. 店员staff [stɑ:f] n. 全体人员,同事tour guide [tuə][gaid] n.导游uniform ['ju:nifɔ:m] n. 制服Body and Healthaccident ['æksidənt] n. 事故、意外ambulance ['æmbjuləns] n. 救护车appointment [ə'pɔintmənt] n. 约会、预约arm n. 手臂body ['bɔdi] n. 身体back [bæk] n. 后背,脊背check [tʃek] n./v. 检查chemist ['kemist] n. 药剂师,化学家comb [kəum] n. 梳子dangerous ['deindʒərəs] a.危险的dentist ['dentist] n. 牙医dead/die n./v. 死者,死feel [fi:l] v. 感觉hospital ['hɔspitl] n. 医院hurt [hə:t] v. 伤害,使疼痛insurance [in'ʃuərəns] n.保险medicine ['medisin] n. 药neck [nek] n. 脖子、颈problem ['prɔbləm] n. 问题soap [səup] n. 肥皂sick [sik] n. 恶心的,生病的stomach ['stʌmək] n. 胃toothbrush ['tu:θbrʌʃ] n.牙刷pain [pein] n. 疼痛,痛苦lie down 躺下burn [bə:n] n./v. 烧伤,灼伤break(v) [breik] n. 休息,中断Measurementscentimeter ['senti,mi:tə] n. 厘米degree [di'gri:] n. 度数gram(me) [græm] n, 克kilo(gram) ['ki:ləu]['kil əgræm] n. 千克kilometre ['kilə,mi:tə]公里litre ['li:tə] n. 公升metre ['mi:tə] n. 米mile [mail] n. 英里minute ['minit] n. 分钟moment ['məumənt] n. 片刻quarter ['kwɔ:tə] n. 四分之一second ['sekənd] n. 秒temperature ['tempritʃə] n.温度week [wi:k] n. 星期,周year [jiə] n. 年Documents and Textsbill [bil] n. 账单、票据book [buk] n. 书card [kɑ:d] n. 卡片diploma [di'pləumə] n. 文凭form [fɔ:m] n. 表格insurance [in'ʃuərəns] n. 保险licence ['laisəns] n. 执照,许可证magazine [,mægə'zi:n]n.杂志menu ['menju:] n. 菜单,选单message ['mesidʒ] n. 消息,信息newspaper ['nju:z,peipə] n.报纸note [nəut] n. 笔记,备忘录passport ['pɑ:s,pɔ:t]n.护照postcard ['pəust,kɑ:d] n.明信片project [prə'dʒekt] n. 工程,项目Shopping and Moneyassistant [ə'sistənt]n. 助理,店员bookshop ['bukʃɔp] n. 书店cash [kæʃ] n. 现金change [tʃeindʒ] n. 零钱cheap [tʃi:p] n. 便宜的cheque ['tʃek] n. 支票closed [kləuzd] a. 关门的cost [kɔst] n./v. 花费customer ['kʌstəmə] n. 顾客department store 百货公司dollar ['dɔlə] n. 美元Euro n. 欧元expensive a. 昂贵的for sale a. 出售的,待售的pay for 偿还,付款pence [pens] n. 便士(复数)penny ['peni] n. 便士pound [paund] n. 英镑shop assistant 店员supermarket ['sju:pə,mɑ:kit] n. 超级市场try on 试穿Studiesbeginner [bi'ginə] n. 初学者board [bɔ:d] n. 董事会bookshelf ['bukʃelf] n. 书架college ['kɔlidʒ] n. 学院course [kɔ:s] n. 课程dictionary ['dikʃəneri]diploma [di'pləumə]exam(ination) [ig'zæm]Geography [dʒi'ɔgrəfi] n.地理学History ['histəri] n. 历史学homework ['həumwə:k] n. 家庭作业information [,infə'meiʃən] n. 信息instructions [in'strʌkʃən]使用说明language ['læŋgwidʒ]n. 语言learn [lə:n] v. 学习level ['levl] n. 水平,标准library ['laibrəri] n. 图书馆Mathematics [,mæθi'mætiks]n. 数学pupil ['pju:pl] n. 小学生remember [ri'membə] v. 记得,记住school [sku:l] n. 学校Science ['saiəns] n. 科学subject ['sʌbdʒikt] n. 科目university [,ju:ni'və:siti]n. 大学Family and Friendsbrother ['brʌðə] n. 兄弟child [tʃaild] n. 儿童,孩子colleague ['kɔli:g] n. 同事cousin ['kʌzn] n. 堂,表兄弟姐妹daughter ['dɔ:tə] n. 女儿family ['fæmili] n. 家庭friend [frend] n. 朋友grandchild ['grændtʃaild]n. 孙辈,外孙granddaughter n. 外)孙女grandfather n. (外)祖父grandmother n. (外)祖母grandparent ['grænd,pɛərənt] n. (外)祖父(母)grandson n. 孙子,外孙husband ['hʌzbənd] n. 丈夫love [lʌv] n./v. 爱married ['mærid] n. 已婚的Mr. n. 先生(mister)Mrs. n. 女士,夫人(mistress)Ms n. 女士,小姐或太太(Miss)neighbour ['neibə] n. 邻居pen-friend n. 笔友surname ['sə:neim] n. 姓teenager ['ti:n,eidʒə] n.青少年guest [gest] n. 客人Sports and Leisurebaseball ['beis,bɔ:l] n. 棒球basketball ['bæskitbɔ:l] n. 篮球beach [bi:tʃ] n. 沙滩bicycle ['baisikl] n. 自行车bike [baik] n. 自行车boat [bəut] n. 船camera ['kæmərə] n. 照相机camp [kæmp] n./v. 露营campsite ['kæmp,sait] v. 营地catch [kætʃ] v. 捕捉,捉住climb [klaim] v. 攀登,爬club [klʌb] v. 俱乐部competition [,kɔmpi'tiʃən] n. 比赛,竞争football ['futbɔ:l] n. 足球game [geim] n. 游戏,比赛golf [gɔlf] n. 高尔夫球hobby ['hɔbi] n. 爱好hockey ['hɔki] n. 曲棍球holidays ['hɔlədi] n. 节假日luck [lʌk] n. 运气magazine [,mægə'zi:n]n.杂志member ['membə] n. 成员,会员party ['pɑ:ti] n. 聚会,派对picnic ['piknik] n. 野餐pool [pu:l] n. 水池prize [praiz] n. 奖品race [reis] n. 赛跑riding ['raidiŋ] n. 骑马sailing ['seiliŋ] n. 航行,帆船运动skiing ['ski:iŋ] n. 滑雪sports centre ['sɛntɚ] n.体育中心stadium ['steidiəm] n. 体育场swimming ['swimiŋ] n. 游泳table tennis ['tenis] n. 乒乓球team [ti:m] n. 队,组tent [tent] n. 帐篷throw [θrəu] v. 投,掷,丢tired ['taiəd] a. 疲劳的,累的trainers ['treinə]练习器,运动鞋volleyball ['vɔli,bɔ:l]排球watch [wɔtʃ] n. 手表winner ['winə] n. 获胜者,冠军The Homeaddress [ə'dres] n. 地址bathroom ['bæθrum] bedroomblanket ['blæŋkit] bookshelf ['bukʃelf] bowl [bəul]chair [tʃɛə]cupboard ['kʌbəd]dining roomdownstairs [,daun'stɛəz]a./n. 楼下(的)flat [flæt] n. 公寓floor [flɔ:] n. 楼层furniture ['fə:nitʃə] n.家具garage ['gærɑ:ʒ] n. 车库garden ['gɑ:dn] n. 花园gate [geit] n. 大门hall [hɔ:l] n. 大厅kitchen ['kitʃin] n. 厨房living room n. 客厅实用文档 pillow ['pil əu] n. 枕头plate [pleit] n. 碟,盘roof [ru:f] n. 屋顶 shower ['ʃau ə] n. 淋浴 sitting room n. 会客室 sofa ['s əuf ə] n. 沙发 toilet ['t ɔilit] n. 厕所,盥洗室 towel ['tau əl] n. 毛巾Clothes and Accessoriesbag n. 包belt [belt] n. 腰带blouse [blauz] n. 女式衬衫boot [bu:t] n. 靴子clothes [kl əu ðz] n. 衣服 coat [k əut] n. 外套dress [dres] n. 女装,连衣裙glasses ['gl ɑ:siz] n. 眼镜hat n. 帽子jacket ['d ʒækit] n. 短上衣,夹克衫jeans [d ʒi:nz] n. 牛仔裤pocket ['p ɔkit] n. 口袋purse [p ə:s] n. 钱包raincoat ['reink əut] n. 雨衣shirt [ʃə:t] n. 衬衫 shoe [ʃu:] n. 鞋shorts [ʃɔ:ts] n. 短裤skirt [sk ə:t] n. 裙子suit [su:t] n. 套装sweater ['swet ə] n. 毛衣tights [taits] n. 贴身衬衣,紧身衣trainers ['trein ə]练习器,运动鞋trousers ['trauz əz] n. 裤子try on 试穿T-shirt T 恤衫umbrella n. 伞uniform ['ju:nif ɔ:m] n. 制服wallet ['w ɔlit] n. 皮夹,钱包wear [w ɛə] v. 穿着。
财务会计英语缩写语

财务会计英语缩写语缩写英文全称中文A accepted承兑A&C addendaandcorrigenda补遗和勘误实际现金价值.,a/d afterdate开票后、出票后a/cno.accountnumber帐户编号、帐号a/c,A/C accountcurrent往来帐户、活期存款帐户a/c,A/C,Acct.account帐户、帐目A/CSPay.accountspayable应付帐款A/P accountpaid已付账款A/P accountpayable应付帐款A/P accountingperiod会计期间A/P adviseandpay付款通知A/R attherateof以……比例A/R,A/CSRec.accountsreceivable应收帐款A/S,a/s aftersight见票即付A/S,acc/s accountsales承销帐、承销清单,售货清单abs.abstract摘要Acc.acceptance往来帐户Acc.,Acpt.acceptanceoraccepted承兑accruedinterest应计利息Acct.accountant会计师、会计员Acct.accounting会计、会计学.accountnumber帐户编号、帐号.accounttitle帐户名称、会计科目ACT advancecorporationtax预扣公司税.,A/V advaloremto(accordingvalue)从价ADRS assetdepreciationrangesystem固定资产分组折旧法Adv.advance预付款AJE adjustingjournalentries调整分录Amt.amount金额、总数Ann.annuity年金ATC averagetotalcost平均总成本ATM atthemoney仅付成本钱ATM AutomaticTellerMachine自动取款机(柜员机)Aud.auditor审计员、审计师Av.average平均值Bshare Bshare B股b&b bed&breakfast住宿费和早餐费.bearerbond不记名债券.,B/B billbook出纳簿.bankclearing银行清算.blindcopy密送的副本bothdatesinclusive包括头尾两天.,B/E billofexchange汇票.,B/L billoflading提货单billofmaterials用料清单balanceofpayments收支差额.,B/P billspayable应付票据银行汇票.,B/R,.billsreceivable应收票据.,.,BS,B/S balancesheet资产负债表banktelegraphictransfer银行电汇B/B billbought买入票据、买入汇票B/C billsforcollection托收汇票B/D bankdraft银行汇票B/D billsdiscounted已贴现票据b/d broughtdown转下页B/E billofentry报关单b/f broughtforward承前B/L billoflading提货单B/Loriginal billofladingoriginal提货单正本B/R bankrate银行贴现率B/S billofsales卖据、出货单BA bankacceptance银行承兑汇票bal.balance余额、差额banky.bankruptcy破产、倒闭BC buyercredit买方信贷Bd.bond债券BEP breakevenpoint保本点、盈亏临界点Bfcy.Beneficiary受益人bit binarydigit两位数Bk.bank银行Bk.bankbook银行帐簿Bk.book帐册BN banknote钞票BO buyer'soption买者选择交割期的远期合同BOM beginningofmonth月初BOT balanceoftrade贸易余额BOY beginningofyear年初BR bankrate银行贴现率Brok.brokerorbrokerage经纪人或经纪人佣金BV bookvalue票面价值C cash;coupon;currency现金、息票、通货c.,Cts.cents分.charteredaccountant,chiefaccountant 特许会计师、主任(主管)会计师.commercialagent商业代理、代理商交单付款,凭单付现costaccountingstandards成本会计标准.cashbook现金簿.,.cashbook现金簿.contracredit贷方对销.cashier'scheck银行本票.cumdividend附股息报关单.clearinghouse票据交换所.customhouse海关comprehensiveincometax综合所得税.callloan短期拆放certifiedmanagementaccountant注册管理会计师.,C/O cashorder现金汇票、现金订货货到付款,交货付现注册公共会计师CertifiedPublicAccountant注册会计师.capitalstock股本analysis CostVolumeProfitanalysis本---量---利分析cashwithorder订货付款,随订单付现C/A capitalaccount资本帐户C/A currentaccount往来帐C/A currentassets流动资产c/d carrieddown过次页、结转下期c/f carryforward过次页、结转C/I certificateofinsurance保险凭证C/L currentliabilities流动负债c/o carriedover结转后期can.cancelled注销cap.capital资本CAPM capitalassetpricingmode固定资产计价模式CBD cashbeforedelivery先付款后交货CD certificateofdeposit存单CG capitalgain资本利得CG capitalgoods生产资料、资本货物Chgs charges费用Chq.cheque支票CIA certifiedinternalauditor注册内部审计员Ck.check支票CML capitalmarketline资本市场线性CMO CollateralizedMortgageObligations担保抵押贷款债务CMV currentmarketvalue现时市场价值CN consignmentnote铁路运单CN creditnote贷方通知书COBOL CommonBusinessOrientedLanguage通用商业语言Col.column帐栏Coll.collateral担保、抵押物Coll.collection托收.commission佣金conv,cv,cvt convertible可转换的、可兑换的Cor.corpus本金CP commercialpaper商业票据CPM costperthousand每一千个为单位的成本Cps.coupons息票CR cashreceipts现金收入CR currentrate当日汇率、现行汇率Cr.Credit,creditor贷记、贷方CS convertiblesecurities可转换证券CT cabletransfer电汇CT corporatetreasurer公司财务主管ctge cartage货运费、搬运费、车费CTT capitaltransfertax资本转移税curcurr current本月、当月CV convertiblesecurity可转换债券CVD countervailingduties反倾销税CY calendaryear日历年Cy.currency货币缩写英文全称中文D degree;draft 度、汇票. debitadvice 欠款报单daybook 日记帐、流水帐method discountedcashflowmethod 现金流量贴现法.,D/D demanddraft 即期汇票,.,. deadfreight 空舱费daysofgrace 宽限日数.,DR discountrate 贴现率、折扣率d/a daysafteracceptance 承兑后......日(付款)D/A depositaccount 存款帐户D/A documentagainstacceptance 承兑交单D/D documentarydraft 跟单汇票D/D DemandDraft 票汇D/d;d/d daysafterdate 出票后......日(付款) D/N debitnote 清单D/O deliveryorder 发货单D/P documentsagainstpayment 付款交单D/R. depositreceipt 存款收条D/W dockwarrant 码头仓单DBmethod decliningbalance(depreciation)method 递减余额折旧法Dd. delivered 交付DDBmethod doubledecliningbalance(depreciation)method 双倍递减余额折旧法Def. deferred 延期def. deficit 赤字、亏损Dely. delivery 交付dem. demurrage 滞期费Depr. depreciation 折旧Dft. draft 汇票diff. difference 差额Dis. discount 折扣、贴现dish'd; disheddishonored 不名誉、拒付Div. dividend;division 红利div.; divddividend 红利、股息DL directloan 直接贷款DLD deadlinedate 最后时限Dls,Dol(s); dollars 元DN datenumber 日期号DN,D/N debitnote 借记通知单DNR donotreduce 不减少Do,dto. ditto 同上、同前Doc(s) documents 凭证、单据、文件documentcode 凭证(单据)编号. documentsattached 附单据、附件Dols. dollars 美元DOR dateofrequest 要求日DP,D/P documentagainstpayment 交单付款Dr debtor 债务人DR depositreceipt 存单、存款收据Dr debit 借记、借方Dr drawer 借方DS,d/s daysaftersight(days'sight) 见票后.......日(付款) Ds,d's days 日DTC deposittakingcompany 接受存款公司DTC DepositTrustCompany 储蓄信托公司Dup,dupl duple,duplicate 副本DVP deliveryversuspayment 付款交货Dy,d/y day;delivery 日、交货dz dozen 一打E exchange;export 交易所、输出E&. errorsandomissionsexcepted 如有错漏,可加更正exceptasotherwisenoted 除非另有说明. exdividend 股息除外.,. errorsexcepted 如有错误,可加更正超额利润税Ea. each 每Ea. earningassets 盈利资产,有收益的资产EAT earningsaftertax 税后收益EB exbudgetary 预算外EBIT earningsbeforeinterestandincometax 税前收益EBIT earningsbeforeinterestandtax 扣除利息和税金前收益EBS ElectronicBrokingService 电子经纪服务系统EBT earningbeforetaxation 税前盈利EC errorcorrected 错误更正EC exportcredit 出口信贷Ec. excoupon 无息票Ec. examplecausa 例如ECA exportcreditagency 出口信贷机构ECG ExportCreditGuarantee 出口信用担保ECI exportcreditinsurance 出口信用保险ECR exportcreditrefinancing 出口信贷再融资ECT estimatedcompletiontime 估计竣工时间ED exdividend 无红利、除息、股利除外EDD estimateddeliverydate 预计交割日EDI electronicdatainterchange 电子数据交换EDOC effectivedateofchange 有效更改日期EDP ElectronicDataProcessing 电子数据自理EF ExchangeFund 外汇基金EF exportfinance 出口融资EFT electronicfundstransfer 电子资金转帐EIB Export-ImportBank 进出口银行EMIP equivalentmeaninvestmentperiod 等值平均投资期EMP end-ofmonthpayment 月末付款EMS EuropeanMonetarySystem 欧洲货币体系encd. enclosed 附件encl(s). enclosure 附件End.,end. endorsement 背书Entd. entered 登记人EOA effectiveonorabout 大约在.......生效EOD everyotherday 每隔一日EOM endofmonth 月底EOS endofseason 季末EOY endofyear 年终EPD earliestpossibledate 最早可能日期EPN exportpromissorynote 出口汇票EPR earningspriceratio 收益价格比率EPS earningspershare 每股收益额、每股平均收益,每股盈利额EPVI excesspresentvalueindex 超现值指数Eq. equivalent 等值ERM exchangeratemechanism 汇率机制ERS ExportRefinanceScheme 出口再融资计划ESOP EmployeeStockOwnershipPlan 职工持股计划Est. estate 财产、遗产etseq. etsequent 以下ETLT equaltoorlessthan 等于或少于ETS estimatedtimeofsailing 预计启航时间excp. excoupon 无息票exdiv. exdividend 无股息ex.; exchexchange 汇兑、况换excl. exclusive 另外、不在内Exs. expense 费用Extd. extend 展期F dealtinflat 无息交易的f. following(page) 接下页. faceamount 票面金额. fixedassets 固定资产fastascan 尽快foreignbillofexchange 外国汇票. fixedcapital 固定资本. fixedcharges 固定费用. futurecontract 远期合同免交所得税freeofcharge 免费. fullypaid 付讫.,FE,FOREX foreignexchange 外汇FAIA FellowoftheAssociationofInternationalAccountants 国际会计协会会员FASB FinancialAccountingStandardsBoards 财务会计标准委员会FAT fixedassettransfer 固定资产转移FCA FellowoftheInstituteofCharteredAccountants 特许会计师学会会员FCG foreigncurrencyguarantee 外币担保FCR forwarder'scargoreceipt 货运代理行收据fd. fund 资金FDBmethod fixedrateondecliningbalancemethod 定率递减余额折旧法FE futureexchange 远期外汇. freeofincometax 免所得税FIBC financialinstitutionbuyercreditpolicy 金融机构买方信贷险FIFO firstin,firstout 先进先出法.(stndg.) financialstanding 资信状况.(F/S) financialstatement 财务报表. financialyear 财政年度FINA followingitemsnotavailable 以下项目不可获得FIO freeinandout 自由进出FLG financeleaseguarantee 金融租赁担保flt. flat 无利息fo. folio 对折、页码FOCUS FinancialandOperationsCombinedUniformSingleReport 财务经营综合报告for'd.,fwd forward;forwarded 转递FOX FuturesandOptionsExchange 期货和期权交易所FP fullypaid 已全付的FRA forwardrateagreement 远期利率协议FRCD floatingratecertificateofdeposit 浮动利率存单freecasenochargeforcase 免费事例FREF fixedrateexportfinance 固定利率出口融资frt. forward 期货、远期合约Frt. freight 运费freightforward 运费待付frt.&grat. freightandgratuity 运费及酬金freightprepaid 运费已付FS finalsettlement 最后结算fut. futures 期货、将来FV facevalue 面值FVA fairvalueaccounting 合理价值法FWD forward(exchange)contract 远期合约FXbroker foreignexchangebroker 外汇经纪人fxd fixed 固定的FXRN fixedratenote 定息票据FY fiscalyear(financialyear) 财政(务)年度. fullypaid 全部付讫FYI foryourinformation 供您参考GA goahead 办理、可行GAAP generalAcceptedAccountingPrinciples 通用会计准则GAAS GenerallyAcceptedAuditingStandard 通用审计标准GJ generaljournal 普通日记帐GL generalledger 总分类帐GMP graduatedpaymentmortgage 递增付款按揭GP grossprofit 毛利GR grossrevenue 毛收入GS grosssales 销售总额GTM goodthismonth 本月有效GTW goodthisweek 本星期有效正当持票人HCA historicalcostaccounting 历史成本会计HIBOR HongKongInterbankOfferedRate 香港银行同业拆借利率hifo highest-in,first-out 高入先出法HIRCS highinterestratecurrencies 高利率货币Hon'd honored 如期支付的I&A inventoryandallocations 库存和分配. intangibleassets 无形资产. invoicebook 发票簿invoicebookinward 购货发票簿invoicebookoutward 销货发票簿. insufficientfund 存款不足. inwardremittance 汇入款项I/F insufficientfunds 存款不足I/T incometax 所得税IAS InternationalAccountingStandard 国际会计标准IBBR interbankbidrate 银行间报价利率IBNR incurredbutnotreported 已发生未报告IBOR inter-bankofferedrate 银行间的拆借利率ICONs indexcurrencyoptionnotes 指数货币期权票据ICOR incrementalcapital-outputratio 资本-产出增量比IDB industrialdevelopmentbond 工业发展债券IDC intangibledevelopmentcost 无形开发成本IDR internationaldepositaryreceipt 国际寄存单据ILC irrevocableletterofcredit 不可撤销信用证incl. inclusive 包括在内incldd. included 已包含在内incldg. including 包含inlandhaulage 内陆运输费用INLO inlieuof 代替inst. instant 即期、分期付款Instal.,instal. installment 分期付款Int.,int. interest 利息inv.,Inv. invoice 发票、付款通知.,attach. invoicewithdocumentattached 附提货单的发票Inv't.,invt. inventory 存货IOU Ioweyou 借据IOV inter-officevoucher 内部传票IPN industrialpromissorynote 工业汇票IPO initialpublicoffering 首次发售股票IR InlandRevenue 国内税收IRA individualretirementaccount 个人退休金帐户IRA interestrateagreement 利率协议IRR interestraterisk 利率风险IRR internalrateofreturn 内部收益率irred. irredeemable 不可赎回的IRS interestrateswap 利率调期IT informationtechnology 信息技术ITC investmenttaxcredit 投资税收抵免IV investmentvalue 投资价值J.,Jour. journal 日记帐.,J/A jointaccount 联合(共管)帐簿journalday-book 分类日记帐. journalvoucher 分录凭单J/A jointaccount 共同帐户J/F,j/f journalfolio 日记帐页数. knockeddownprice 成交价格L&D lossanddamage 损失和损坏L.&D. loansanddiscounts 放款及贴现L.,Led. ledger 分类帐. liquidassets 流动资产. lumpsum 一次付款总额L/F ledgerfolio 分类帐页数L/M listofmaterials 材料清单L/T leadtime 交付周期LC,L/C letterofcredit 信用证LG letterofguarantee 保函Li. liability 负债lifo,LIFO lastin,firstout 后进先出法LIRCs lowinterestratecurrencies 低利率货币LP linearprogramming 线性规划LRP limitedrecourseproject 有限追索项目LRPF limitedrecourseprojectfinancing 有限追索项目融资LT longterm 长期M maturedbond 到期的债券M mega- 百万M milli- 千分之一m million 百万. memorandumbook 备忘录. maturitydate 到期日.,M/D memorandumofdeposit 存款(放)单. mutualfunds 共同基金. moneymarket 货币市场. moneyorder 邮汇M/a,MA myaccount 本人帐户M/C marginalcredit 信贷限额,限界信贷m/c metalliccurrency 金属货币M/D memorandumofdeposit 存款单M/d monthsafterdeposit 出票后......月M/P monthsafterpayment 付款后......月M/s monthsofsight 见票后.......月M/T mailtransfer 信汇Mat. maturity 到期日Max.,max maximum 最大量MBB mortgage-backedbonds 抵押支持的债券MBO managementbyobjectives 目标管理MCA mutualcurrencyaccount 共同货币帐户MCP mixedcreditprogram 混合信贷计划MEI marginalefficiencyofinvestment 投资的边际效率mem. memorandum 备忘录MERM multilateralexchangeratemodel 多边汇率模型MF mezzaninefinancing 过渡融资microonemillionthpart 百万分之一min minimum 最低值、最小量MIP monthlyinvestmentplan 月度投资计划MLR minimumlendingrate 最低贷款利率MLTG medium-and-long-termguarantee 中长期担保MMDA moneymarketdepositaccount 货币市场存款帐户MO,. moneyorder 汇票mo. month 月Mos. months 月Mrge.(mtg.) mortgage 抵押MRJ materialsrequisitionjournal 领料日记帐MRP monthlyreportofprogress 进度月报MT mediumterm 中期mthly monthly 每月MTN medium-termnote 中期票据notavailable 暂缺n. net 净值. netassets 净资产. non-acceptance 不承兑. notabene 注意. netdebt 净债务. nodate 无日期. non-delivery 未能到达. netearnings 净收益. noeffects 无效. notenough 不足notelsewherespecified 未另作说明. netgain 纯收益. netincome 净收益. netinterest 净利息. netloss 净损失. noname 无签名. notespayable 应付票据netquickassets 速动资产净额. notesreceivable 应收票据nosufficientfund 存款不足. networth 净值. netyield 净收益N/C netcapital 净资本N/F nofund 无存款N/P netprofit 净利N/R noresponsibility 无责任N/S、notsufficientfunds 存款不足NA notapplicable 不可行NC nocharge 免费ND nextdaydelivery 第二天交割NDA netdomesticasset 国内资产净值NE. noeffects 无存款.,. negotiableinstruments 流通票据negb. negotiable 可转让的、可流通的. netproceeds 净收入NFD nofixeddate 无固定日期NFS notforsale 非卖品NH notheld 不追索委托NIAT netincomeaftertax 税后净收益NIFO nextin,firstout 次进先出法nil nothing 无NIM netinterestmargin 净息差NIT negativeincometax 负所得税NL noload 无佣金NM nomarks 无标记noa/c noaccount 无此帐户NO.(no.) number 编号、号数NOP netopenposition 净开头寸NOWa/c negotiableorderofwithdrawal 可转让存单帐户NP noprotest 免作拒付证书NPC nominalprotectioncoefficient 名义保护系数NPL non-performingloan 不良贷款NPVmethod netpresentvaluemethod 净现值法NSFcheck nosufficientfundcheck 存款不足支票NTA nettangibleassets 有形资产净值ntl notimelost 立即NWC networkingcapital 净流动资本NX notexceeding 不超过.,O/B orderbook 订货簿.,. omissionexcepted 遗漏除外. oceanfreight 海运费O/a onaccount 赊帐o/a onaccountof 记入......帐户O/d ondemand 见票即付o/d,.,. overdrawn 透支O/s outstanding 未清偿、未收回的OA openaccount 赊帐、往来帐OAAS operationalaccountingandanalysissystem 经营会计分析制OB otherbudgetary 其他预算OBV on-balancevolume 持平数量法OD overdraft 透支OEC originalequipmentcost 设备原值OFC openforcover 预约保险OI originalissue 原始发行OII overseasinvestmentinsurance 海外投资保险ok. allcorrect 全部正确opp opposite 对方opt. optional 可选择的ord. ordinary 普通的OVA overheadvarianceanalysis 间接费用差异分析OW offerwanted 寻购启示P paidthisyear 该年(红利)已付P&Iclause protectionandindemnityclause 保障与赔偿条款P&L profitandloss 盈亏,损益. postalorder 汇票. personalaccount;privateaccount 个人账户、私人账户.,perann. perannum 每年pettycashbook 零用现金簿货到付款payableonreceipt 货到付款. paybackperiod (投资的)回收期P/A privateaccount 私人帐户P/Eratio price-eaningsratio 收益率P/N promissorynote 期票,本票P/P postedprice (股票等)的牌价PAC putandcall 卖出和买入期权PAYE payasyouearn 所得税预扣法PAYE payasyouenter 进入时支付PBT profitbeforetaxation 税前利润pd paid 已付PF projectfinance 项目融资PFD preferredstock 优先股PMO postalmoneyorder 邮政汇票POR payonreturn 收益Ppd. prepaid 预付PR paymentreceived 付款收讫PS postscript 又及PV parvalue;presentvalue 面值;现值Q. quantity 数量. quodvide(whichsee) 参阅. query 查核quad. quadruplicate 一式四份中的一份R Roptionnottraded 没有进行交易的期权r. rate 比率R. response;registered;return 答复;已注册;收益. runningdays=consecutivedays 连续日R/A refertoacceptor 洽询(汇票)承兑人R/D refertodrawer 请给出票人,(银行)洽询出票人RAM diverseannuitymortgage 逆向年金抵押RAN revenueanticipationnote 收入预期债券RB regularbudget 经常预算rcvd. received 已收到re. withreferenceto 关于recd. Received 收到REER realeffectiveexchangerate 实效汇率REVOLVER revolvingletterofcredit 循环信用证RM remittance 汇款ROA returnonasset 资产回报率ROC returnoncapital 资本收益率ROE ratioofequity 股本利润率ROE returnonequity 股本回报率ROI returnoninvestment 投资收益ROP registeredoptionprincipal 记名期权本金ROS ratioofsales 销售利润率ROS returnonsales 销售收益率RSVP pleasereply 请回复Rto ratio 比率RTO roundtripoperation 往返作业S splitorstockdivided 拆股或股息SA semi-annualpayment 半年支付SAA specialarbitrageaccount 特别套作账户SAB specialassessmentbond 特别估价债券SB shortbill 短期国库券;短期汇票SC suppliercredit 卖方信贷SCF suppliercreditfinance 卖方信贷融资SCIRR specialCIRR 特别商业参考利率SCL securitycharacteristicline 证券特征线SD standarddeduction 标准扣除额SDBL sightdraft,billofladingattached 即期汇票,附带提货单SDR straightdiscountrate 直线贴现率SE shareholders'equity 股东产权sec. section 部分SF sinkingfund 偿债基金SFS SummaryFinancialStatements 财务报表概要sgd. signed 已签署Shr. share 股份SLC standbyLC 备用信用证SMA specialmiscellaneousaccount 特别杂项账户SOYD sumoftheyear'sdigitsmethod 年数加总折旧法SPS specialpurposesecurities 特设证券Sq. square 平方;结清ss semis,onehalf 一半ST shortterm 短期. sightdraft 即期汇票STB specialtaxbond 特别税债务Std. standard 本价STIP short-terminsurancepolicy 短期保险单Stk. stock 存货sund. sundries 杂货,杂费. trialbalance 试算表. traveler'scheck 旅行支票. telegraphmoneyorder 电汇票telegraphictransferbought 买入电汇telegraphictransfersold 卖出电汇TA totalasset 全部资产,资产TA tradeacceptance 商业承兑票据TA transferagent 过户转账代理人TB treasurybond,treasurybill 国库券,国库债券TBDpolicy tobedeclaredpolicy 预保单,待报保险单TBL throughbilloflading 联运提单,直达提单TBV trustborrowervehicle 信托借款人工具(公司)TCI tradecreditinsurance 贸易信用保险TD timedeposit 定期存款TDR TreasuryDepositReceipt 国库券存据TL timeloan;totalloss 定期贷款;总损失TN treasurynote 国库券TR telegramrestante;trustreceipt 留交电报;信托收据TT,T/T telegraphictransfer 电汇. unitofaccount 记账单位,记价单位U/A underwritingaccount 保险帐户u/c. undercharge 不足的价钱,少讨的价钱UHF ultrahighfrequency 超高频UIT UnitInvestmentTrust 单位投资信托unrevd. unreceived 未收到的USIT UnitShareInvestmentTrust 单位股投资信托UUE useuntilexhausted 用完为止VAT valueaddedtax 增值税VD volumedeleted 勾销的数量Vid. vide-see 参阅VTC VotingTrustCertificate 股东投票权信托证书.,. withoutcharge 免费W/Tax withholdingtax 预扣税WACC weightedaveragecostofcapital 加权平均资本成本WCG workingcapitalguarantee 流动资金担保WD whendistributed (股票)发售时交割X ex-interest 无利息. exall 无所有权益.,xb,exbonus 不附(本期)红利.,. excoupon 无息债券. exdistribution 不包括(下期股息或红利)分配.,. exdividend 未付红利. exprespaye-extramessagepaid 额外通讯费付讫;已令函奉上XB extrabudgetary 预算外的X-Dis ex-distribution 无分销XI,,int. exinterest 利息除外XL extralarge;extralong 特大;特长YB yrbkyearbook 年报,年鉴YLD yield 收益yr year;your 年;你的YTC yieldto(first)call 至通知赎回时收益YTM yieldtomaturity 全期收益,到期收益ZBA zerobracketamount 零基数预算法ZBB zero-basedbudgeting 零基数预算法,免税金额,免征点ZR zerocouponissue 零息发行zswk thisweek 本周。
航运常用英文缩写

A/C ACCT ACCOUNT=CHARTERERA/E ACCEPT/ ECEPTA/O AND/OR 和/或A/P AGE PREMIUM 船龄保险费A/R ALL RISKSA/S ACCOUNT SALE 销货账A/S AFTER SIGHT 远期付款AA ALWAYS AFLOAT 永远漂浮AA AWIWL ALWAYS AFLOAT ALWAYS AITNIN INSTITUTE WARRANTY LIMITS AAR AGAINST ALL RISKS 针对所有风险ABV ABOVEABS AMERICAN BUREAU OF SHIPPING 美国船级社ABT ABOUT 大约ACC ACCEPTANCE/ACCEPTED 接受ACCDG ACCORDING TO 根据ACCT ACCOUNTER CHRSACOL AFTER COMPLETION OF LOADINGADD ADDRESS/ADDITIONALADDCOM ADDRESS COMMISSION 回扣佣金ADV ADVISE 告知AFMT AFTER FIXING MAIN TERMS 固定主要条款之后AFSP ARRIVAL FIRST SEA PILOTAG(=PG) ARABIAN GULF (PERSIAN GULF)AGT AGENT 代理人AGW ALL GOES WELL 一切顺利AGW/WP ALL GOING WELL/WHETHER PERMITAH ANTWERP/HAMBURGAHL AUSTRALIAN HOLK LADDERAHPS ARRIVAL HARBOUR PILOT STATION 到达港口引航站AIMS AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF MERCHANT SHIPPING 美国商船航运学会ALL FLGS ABT/ALL DTLS ABTALT ALTERNATIVE 二中选一AMELOG AMERICA LOGAMT AMOUSTAMWELSH C/P ORE-AMERICANIZED WELSH COAL CHARTERANCH ANCHORAGE 锚地ANS ANSWER 回答ANTHAM ANTWERP-HAMBURGAOB AS ON BOARDAOH AFTER OFFICE HOURS 工作时间外AP ALL PURPOSEAP 装卸共用时间(锚位)AP ADDITIONAL PREMIUM 附加保险费APS ARRIVAL PILOT STATION 到达引航站ARA AMSTERDAM/ROTTERDAM/ANTWERP RGEARB Y/A 1974 ARBITRATION YORK ANTWERP RULEARND AROUNDARNGD ARRANGE 安排ARR ARRIVE 到达AS EXPLAINED ON TELASAP AS SOON AS POSSIBLE 尽可能快地ASBA ASSOCIATION OF SHIPBROKERS AND AGENTS, INC。
信息、知识、情报和文献概述

7、 专利文献的特种及其利用
• 专利文献——(专利数据库) (1)发明专利公报、实用新型专利公报和外观设计 专利公报; (2)发明专利申请公开说明书、发明专利说明书; (3)实用新型专利说明书; (4)专利年度索引。
8、 专利文献利用中的常见概念
1)几种“人”: 申请人——对专利权提出申请的单位或个人(职务发明 与非职务发明)。 发明人(设计人)——实际开展工作的人。
失效专利检索网址
相关资源
• 专利法规政策问答 /cqdt/fgwd.htm • 专利国别代码 /sipo/wxfw/default.htm • 《怎样撰写专利申请书》汪镇华 • 《因特网上查专利》孙燕玲 • 专利技术转让 /patent/ • 中国发明专利技术信息网 / • 发明前线 /
专利文献 (集技术、经济、法律于一体的 一次文献)
1、专利文献:广义的专利文献是指一切与专利
制度有关的文献,如专利说明书、专利公报、分类表、索引、专利的法律文书等。 狭义 的专利文献是指专利说明书。
2、中国专利的种类
发明专利 (20年) 要 对产品、方 法及其改进 求 提出的新的 技术方案 名 称 特 具有突出的 点 实质性特点 和显著进步 实用新型专利 (10年) 对产品形状、构 造及其结合提出 的实用方案 外观设计专利 (10年) 对产品形状、图案 、色彩或者其结合 所作出的富有美感 并适合于工业上应 用的新设计 具有实质性特点和 进步
期 刊 (最重要的一次文献)
期刊:是计划无限期地按期成册出版的连续出版 物。ISSN(International Series Standard Number)。 特点:刊登多位作者的文章,速度快,周期短, 内容新颖,数量大,品种多。传递科技情报、交 流学术思想最基本的手段。科研利用率65%。 检索工具:题录、报刊索引、中国学术期刊数据 库等。
英文缩写整理

收集了一些缩写,但是有的要看场合用哦~~~~~ASAP:as soon as possible=尽快RSVP: responsible s’il vous plait(法文)= please reply= 请回覆(通常邀请卡会写)i.e.:(还是小写)id est(拉丁)=that is=就是AFK: away from the keyboard(暂离,稍后回来)BTW: by the way=说一下…..BRB:be right back=走开一下,马上回来BBS:be back soon=马上回来BBL:be back later=等会回来CU: see you=再见DND: do not disturb=请勿打扰FD:friend=朋友FYI: for your information=供您参考IC: I see=明白了OIC: oh,I see=欧,我明白了ILY: I love you=我爱你IMO: in my opinion=在我看来J/J=J/K=J/P :just joking=just kidding=just playing=开玩笑LOL: laughing out loudly=大声笑NOYB: none of your business=不关你事OMG: oh my god=天呐OMFG:oh my fucking god=我的老天PLS: please=麻烦你ROFL: rolling on the floor laughing=笑的滚在地上TGIF: thanks god it’s Friday=感谢主这是星期五THX=TKX: thanks=谢谢TY: thank you=谢谢你TTUL: talk to you later=晚点再谈WB:welcome back=欢迎回来DOC: document=文件、单据INT: international=国际的INV: invoice=发票PCT: percent=百分比EMS:express mail special=特快传递T=LTX=TX: telex=电传PR=PRC: price=价格TBA: to be advice=待定TBC: to be considered/confirm=待告wuz up=sup=what's up=(原意:怎么样你?/有什么事儿嘛?)也可作为问好用(当然是比较熟的两个人之间的问候)gn=gnight=gn8 :good night=晚安n=nite: night=晚安说明:一般第一个人常说gnight/gn8,然后第二个人用nite,后面的用nn什么的都可以了。
新模式英语2第二版电子课件Unit 1
Proper Names Anya 安妮娅 Brazil 巴西
LESSON
Gilberto 吉尔贝尔托 Ho Chi Minh City 胡志明市 Moscow 莫斯科 Port-au-Prince 太子港 Rio de Janeiro 里约热内卢 Russia 俄罗斯 Tokyo 东京
LESSON
B Complete the sentences.
1. Kenji has __o_n_e___ sister. 2. Kenji has __t_w__o__ brothers. 3. Kenji’s father has ___o_n_e__ brother and ___o_n_e__ sister. 4. Kenji’s mother has __o_n_e___ sister and ___o_n_e__ brother. 5. Kenji has __t_w_o___ aunt and ___t_w_o__ uncles.
My schedule
➢ Interpret and write schedules
How is the weather
today?
➢ Interpret information about weather
Review Team Project
UNIT 1
Where are you from?
➢ Ask for and give personal information
LESSON
A INTERPRET Read and listen to Kenji’s story.
GIS专业英语常用术语
GIS专业英语常用术语GIS专业英语常用术语(F-N)facilities 设施;装备facility data 设施数据facility instrument 设施设备facility map 设施图facility network 设施网络facility splice 设施接合fast Fourier transform 快速傅立叶变换feature 特征facilities 设施;装备facility data 设施数据facility instrument 设施设备facility map 设施图facility network 设施网络facility splice 设施接合fast Fourier transform 快速傅立叶变换feature 特征Feature and Attribute Coding Catalogue 地物与属性编码目录feature attribute table 特征属性表feature bounded 边界标识地物feature class 特征分类feature codes menu 特征码清单feature codes 特征码feature coding 特征编码feature extraction 特征提取feature identifier 特征标识符feature ID 特征标识符feature instance 特征实例feature item 特征项feature marked 有标记特征feature number 特征标识符feature selection 特征选择feature separation 特征分类feature spanned 跨区特征feature supported 支持特征feature user-ID 特征用户标识码Federal Information Processing 联邦信息处理标准Standards(FIPS)Federal Information Processing Standards/ 联邦信息处理标准/空间数据转换标准Spatial Data Transfer Standard;FIPS/SDTSfield [数据]域file [计算机]文件file activity 文件活动file attribute 文件属性file compression 文件压缩file format 文件格式file fragmentation 文件分段存储file indexing 文件管理索引file integrity 文件完整性file name extension 文件扩展名file name 文件名file protection 文件保护file server protocol 文件服务器协议file server 文件服务器file set 文件集file specification 文件说明;文件说明表file structure 文件结构file system 文件系统File Transfer Protocol 文件传输协议file transfer 文件转换file-by-file compression 文件压缩filename extension 文件后缀名fill pattern 填充模式fixed length record format 定长记录格式flag 标志;特征flair point 识别点;明显地物点flap 叠置floppy disk;floppy 软盘form line 地表形态线format conversion 格式转换format line 格式行format model 格式模型format 格式formatted model 格式化模型formatting function 格式化函数;格式编排GGauss plane coordinate 高斯平面坐标Gauss-Kruger coordinate 高斯-克吕格坐标Gauss-Kruger grid 高斯-克吕格格网Gauss-Kruger map projection 高斯-克吕格地图投影Gaussian coordinate 高斯坐标gazetteer 地名录general scale 基本比例尺generic term 地理通名Geo Based Information System 基于地学的信息系统geo-analysis 地理分析geo-defined unit 地理定义单元geo-distribution 地理分布geo-politic data base 行政区划数据库geo-referenced information system 地理参考信息系统geobase system 地区系统geobased information system 地区信息系统geobase 地区库geobotanical cartography 地植物学制图geocartography 地理制图geocoded virtual map 地理编码虚拟图geocodes 地理编码formatting 格式化formfeed 换页;格式馈给forms interface 格式界面forms processing 表格处理fractal 分数的;分形;分数维fractional map scale 分数地图比例尺fractional scale 分数比例尺frequency band 频段;频带frequency bias 频偏frequency curve 频率曲线frequency demodulation 鉴频frequency distribution 频率分布full-resolution picture 全精度影(图)象,高分辨率影(图)象fully concatenated key 全连串码fully digital mapping 全数字化制图function library 功能库functional data base 功能数据库functional mapping 功能制图functional structure 功能结构fuzzy analysis 模糊分析fuzzy C-means 模糊聚类法fuzzy classifier method 模糊分类法fuzzy distance 模糊距离fuzzy intersection concept 模糊交叉概念fuzzy tolerance 模糊容限fuzzy 模糊的;失真的geocode 地理编码geocoding system 地理编码系统geocoding 地理编码Geographer's Line 地理坐标网geographic aggregation 地理聚合Geographic Analysis and Display System(GADS) 地理分析显示系统Geographic Analysis Package(GAP) 地理分析软件geographic analysis/modeling capability 地理分析/模拟能力geographic analysis 地理分析geographic area boundaries 地理面积边界Geographic Area Code Index(GACI) 地理面积编码索引Geographic Base File(GBF) 地理基础文件Geographic Base File/Dual 地理底图基础文件/双重独立地图编码Independent Map Encoding(GBF-DIME)Geographic Base Information System(GBIS) 地理基础信息系统Geographic Base System(GBS) 地理基础系统geographic boundaries 地理边界geographic boundary data 地理边界数据geographic calibration 地理标准geographic center 地理中心geographic classification 地理分类geographic codes 地理坐标码geographic coding 地理编码geographic coordinates 地理坐标geographic coordinate 地理坐标geographic coverage 地理层geographic data base 地理数据库geographic data set 地理数据集geographic data structure 地理数据结构Geographic Database 地理数据库geographic data 地理数据geographic display system 地理显示系统geographic entity 地理实体geographic feature data 地理特征数据geographic feature 地理特征geographic graticule 地理坐标网geographic grid 地理网格geographic identifiers 地理标识符geographic indexed file 地理索引文件geographic indexes 地理索引geographic information system 地理信息系统geographic inverse 地理位置反算geographic landscape 地理景观geographic latitude 地理纬度geographic location 地理位置geographic longitude 地理经度geographic meridian 地理子午线geographic modeling 地理模拟geographic name 地理名称geographic net 地理坐标格网geographic numbering system 地理编号系统geographic object 地理对象geographic pole 地极geographic position 地理位置geographic reference system 地理参考系统geographic reference 地理参考geographic referencing 地理参考过程geographic standardization 地理标准化geographic survey 地理测量geographic value 地理坐标值geographical coordinate 地理坐标geographical data base 地理数据库geographical general name 地理通名geographical map 地理图geographical mile 地理海哩geographical name index 地名索引transcription;geographical 地名注音法name transliterationgeographical name;place name 地名geographical network 地理格网geographical pole 地极geographical position 地理位置geographical reference system 地理坐标参考系geographical viewing distance 地理视距geographical zones 地理带geographical-exploration traverse 地理勘测路线geographical 地理的geographics limits 细线;内图廓线geographic 地理的;地理学的geography 地理学Geomatics (加拿大)地球信息学geometric rectification 几何校正geometric registration 几何配准geomorphic map 地貌类型图geomorphological mapping 地貌制图geomorphological map 地貌图geomorphology 地貌学geoprocessing application 地理处理应用geoprocessing approach 地理处理方法geoprocessing functions 地理处理函数geoprocessing modeling 地理处理模拟geoprocessing operations 地理处理操作geoprocessing productivity 地理处理率geoprocessing system 地理处理系统geoprocessing virtual map system 地理处理虚拟图系统Geoprocessing(GP) 地理处理过程geoprocessor 地理处理器GEOREF coordinate system 世界地理坐标参考系GEOREF grid 世界地理坐标参考网格georeference system 地理坐标参考系georeference 地理坐标参考georeferenced 地理坐标参考的georeferencing 地理坐标参考过程GEOREF 世界地理坐标参考系georelational model 地理相关模型geosphere 地理圈geostatistics 地理统计GIS/LIS 地理信息系统/土地信息系统Global Environmental Monitoring System(UNEP) 全球环境监测系统(联合国环境项目)global land information system(GLIS) 全球土地信息系统Global Positioning System(GPS) 全球定位系统global positioning 全球定位global rediation 总辐射global satellite system 全球卫星系统Global Telecommunications System 全球远程通讯系统global 全球的graphic compose 图形合成graphic data base file 图形数据库文件graphic data base 图形数据库graphic data concept 图形数据概念graphic illustration 图解说明;图解例证graphic input procedure 图形输入法graphic input unit 图形输入设备Graphic Interchange Format 图形交换格式graphic interpolation 图解内插法graphic limits 图形边界graphic manipulation 图形维护graphic map features 图示地图特征graphic map manipulation 图示地图操作graphic map scale 图解地图比例尺graphic mapping control point 图解图根点graphic menu 图示菜单graphic modes 图示模式graphic object 图形对象graphic output unit 图形输出设备graphic overlay 图形叠加graphic plane 图示面graphic primitive 图形元素graphic presentation 图形显示graphic production 图形生成graphic product 图形产品graphic rectification 图形校正graphic representation 图形表示graphic scale 图解比例尺graphic sign 图形记号graphic superimposition 图形叠加graphic symbol 图形符号graphic symbols/symbology 图形符号/符号表示graphic system components 图形系统组成graphic tablet 图形数字化板graphic terminal 图形终端graphic text string 图形文本串graphic trace 图形跟踪graphic variable 图形变量graphical screen interface 图形屏幕界面graphical user interface(GUI) 图形用户界面graphics accelerator 图形加速卡graphics cursor 图形光标graphics display units 图形显示单元graphics inquiry 图形查询graphics languages 图形语言graphics mode 图形模式graphics page 图形页Graphics Performance Characterization(GPC) 图形工作特性graphics resolution 图形分辨率graphics screen 图形屏幕界面graphics software 图形软件graphics tablet 图形数字化板graphics 图形graphic 图形的;图示的graph 图;图形graticule 格网graticule 十字丝;地理坐标网grating 光栅grid 格网grid amplitude 格网幅度grid azimuth 坐标方位角Hgrid bearing 坐标方位角grid cell 格网元素;网眼grid cell compositing 网眼组成grid cell data structure 网眼数据结构grid cell data 网眼数据结构grid cell lattice 三维网眼格数据结构grid cell map-record format 网眼地图记录格式grid cell map 网眼地图grid cell modeling 网眼模拟grid cell search 网眼搜寻grid convergence 坐标纵线收敛角grid coordinate system 格网坐标系grid coordinates 格网坐标系grid data 格网数据grid declination 格网真北偏角grid equator 格网赤道grid factor 格网因子grid format 格网格式grid interval 网格间距grid inverse 网格反算grid length 坐标网距grid lines/codes 格网线/码grid magnetic angle 格网磁偏角grid map 格网地图grid meridian 坐标网纵线grid method 格网法grid of neighboring zone 邻带方里网grid origin 坐标格网原点grid structure 网格结构grid system 格网系统grid tick 格网标记grid variation 格网磁偏角grid zone 坐标带grid 栅格,格网;坐标网grid-point method 网点板法grid/raster data 格网/栅格数据gridded data 格网数据gridiron layout 格网平面图gridiron pattern 格网图形gridsystem 直角坐标格网grips 数据转换程序halftone screen 半色调屏幕header file 头文件header label 头标header line 标题行header record 首记录header 标题hextree 分级图象数据模型hidden attribute 隐含属性hidden file 隐含文件hidden line removal 隐线消除hidden surfaces 隐面hidden variable 隐含变量hierarchical data base 分级数据库hierarchical data 分级数据hierarchical data model 层次数据模型Ihierarchical data structure 分级数据结构hierarchical database 分层数据库hierarchical districts 层次分区hierarchical file structure 分级文件结构hierarchical file system 分级文件系统hierarchical model 分级模型hierarchical organization 等级结构hierarchical relationship 分级关系式(数据文件结构)hierarchical sequence 层次序列hierarchical spatial relationship 分级空间关系hierarchical storage 分级存储hierarchical structure 分级结构hierarchical 分级的;层次的hierarchization 分级High Level Data Link Control 高级数据连接控制High Memory Area 高位地址内存区histogram 直方图;柱状图;频率图history 命令记录Huffman code 霍夫编码hull TIN表面Human Computer Interaction 人机交互Human Computer Interface 人机界面hypertext 电子文本;超级文本I channel 同相信道;I通路I notation parameter 整数记号参数I-beam I指针I/O addresses 输入/输出地址I/O Character Recognition(I/O CR) 输入/输出字符识别I/O error 输入/输出错误I/O port 输入/输出端口image coding 图象编码image compression 影(图)象压缩image contrast 影象反差image coordinate 影象坐标image correlation 影象相关image data base 影象数据库image data collection 图象数据收集image data compaction 图象数据压缩image data retrieval 图象数据检索image data storage 图象数据存储image data 影(图)象数据image definition 影象清晰度(分辨力)image degradation 影(图)象退化;影(图)象衰减image description 影象描绘image digitization 图象数字化image displacement 影象位移image distortion 影(图)象失真image integrator 图象综合image intensifier 影(图)象增强器;变象管;象亮化器image intensity 图象强度image interpretation 影象判读image magnification 影(图)象放大image matching 影象匹配image processing rectification 图象处理校正复原and restorationimage processing 图象处理校正复原image ray 象点投影线image recognition 影(图)象识别image reconstruction 影(图)象重建image reconstructor 影象再现装置image registration 图象配准image representation 影(图)象显示;影(图)象再现image resolution;ground resolution 影象分辨力image scale 影象比例尺image size 影(图)象尺寸;影(图)象范围image space coordinate system 象空间坐标系image space 象空间image stack 影(图)象栈image transform 影(图)象变换image transformation 图象变换image translator 影(图)象转换器image;imagery 影象image 象,象片;影象,图象;镜象图形imagery feature 影象特征index to Names 地名索引indexed sequential file 顺序索引文件indexed 索引化的indexing 索引;加下标;变址index 指标;指数;索引informatics 信息学information area 信息区information bit 信息位information center 信息中心information collection 信息采集information content 信息量information explosion 信息爆炸information extraction 信息提取information float 信息浮动information format 信息格式information management 信息管理information network 信息网information overlays 信息叠加information rate 信息传输速率Information requirement(IR) 请求信息information revolution 信息革命information science 信息科学information system 信息系统information technology(IT) 信息技术information theory 信息论information window 信息窗口infowmation 信息input area 输入区input data 输入数据input device 输入设备input image(inimage) 输入影(图)象input/output analysis 输入/输出分析input/outpu model 输入/输出模型Input/Output(I/O) 输入/输出input 输入inquiry 查询insert 插入;嵌入integrated data base 集成数据库K-Lintegrated data layer 集成数据层Integrated Geographical Information System 集成化地理信息系统integrated GIS/technologies 综合地理信息系统/技术integrated information system 综合信息系统integrated spatial system 综合空间信息系统integrated system 综合系统interactive 交互式interactive digitizing 人机交互数字化interactive display 人机交互显示interactive drafting 交互式绘图interactive editing 交互式编辑Interactive Graphics and Retrieval System 交互图形与恢复系统Interactive Graphics Design System 交互式图形设计系统Interactive Graphics System/Interactive 交互式制图系统/交互式制图子系统Graphics Subsystem;IGS/IGSSinteractive graphics 交互式制图interactive image processing system 人机对话影(图)象处理系统interactive mode 交互式模式Interactive Multimedia 交互式多媒体interactive processing mode 人机交互模式interactive processing 人机交互处理interactive processing 交互式处理interactive restoration 人机对话复原Interactive Surface Modeling 交互式地表建摸interactive topology 交互式拓扑Interactive Volume Modeling 交互式立体模型intercell plot 单元间图(或文件)interchange format 交换格式interchange modeling 交换模拟interchange model 交换模型internal data model 内部数据模型internal data structure 内部数据结构(只在处理过程中保持的)internal database file 内部数据库文件interrecord data structures 交互记录的数据结构inverse fast Fourier transform 快速傅立叶变换isoline 等值线isolith 等厚度线isolong 等经度改正线isomagnetic chart 等磁力线图isometric coordinate 等量坐标isometric design 等角投影isometric latitued 等量纬度isometric map projection 等量地图投影isometric mapping 等量制图isoperimetric map projection 等量地图投影isoplane 等平面isopleth mapping 等值线制图isopleth map 等值线图isoplethic mapping 等值线制图isoplethic map 等值线图isopleth 等值线key 关键字key attributes 关键属性key bed 标准层key entry 键盘输入key feedback area 码反馈区key field 关键字段key file 关键文件key horizon 标志层key identifiers 关键标识符key map 索引图;总图key pad 键座key value dictionary 关键值索引key variable indexing 关键变量索引keyboard buffer 键盘缓冲keyboard equivalent key 键盘等价命令键keyboard shortcut 键盘快捷命令keyboard 键盘land evaluation 土地评价Land Information System(LIS) 土地信息系统Land Information Technology(LIT) 土地信息技术land types 土地类型land unit 土地单元land use 土地利用landform 地表形态landscape drawings 景观绘图landscape map 景观地图layer file 层文件layer index 图层索引layer index 层索引layer system 分层设色法layer-tinted map 分层设色地图layered style map 分层设色地图layered style 分层设色表示法layering 分层;层化layers 层次layer 层layover 覆盖;遮蔽(雷达影像)Leaf Area Index 叶区域索引leaf level 叶层次league 里格leaking polygon 未闭合多边形legend 图例lettering 地图注记lineage 数据说明line element 线状要素line feature 线状特征line follower 线跟踪器(量测转换边界)line generalization 趋势线概化line graph 线状图line in polygon calculation 多边形内线判断计算line in polygon retrieval 多边形内线判断查询line intersection 线段交叉line map 线画图line of nodes 交轨线line symbologics 线状符号表达法line symbol 线状符号local database 局域数据库local datum 局部定标数据logical block 逻辑块logical channel number 逻辑通道号码Mlogical consistency 逻辑一致性logical contouring 逻辑恒直线logical data base(LDB) 逻辑数据库logical data model 逻辑数据模型logical data structure 逻辑数据结构logical decision 逻辑判定logical design 逻辑设计logical exclusive operation of image 影象逻辑异运算logical expression 逻辑表达logical links 逻辑连接logical mounting 逻辑安装logical name 逻辑名字logical operation 逻辑运算logical operator 逻辑运算符logical order 逻辑指令logical overlap 逻辑重叠logical record 逻辑记录logical security 逻辑安全性logical selection 逻辑选择logical storage structure 逻辑存储结构logical unit 逻辑单元logic 逻辑login (=logon)注册lot and block 地块与街段lot dimensions 地块尺寸lot line 地块边界lot of record 地块记录lot 地块LPT port 并行口LU pooling 逻辑单元合并machine bias 机器偏差machine code 机器码machine encoding 机器编码machine language 机器语言machine processable 机器可处理的man-machine interface 人机接口manager access 管理者存取manual digitizer 手扶数字化器manual digitizing 人工数字化manual encoding 人工编码manual link 人工连接manual map enhancement 人工地图增强manuscript map 原图;稿图manuscript 原图many-to-one relate 多对一关系map accuracy (absolute) 绝对地图精度map accuracy (relative) 相对地图精度map accuracy level 地图精度水平map accuracy specifications 地图精度说明map accuracy standards 地图精度标准map adjustment 地图接边;图幅接边map algebra 地图代数Map and Chart Data Interchange 地图与图表间数据交换map appearance 地图整饰map average 地形特征地图map black clouds 地图数据密集区map border 图廓map chart 作战海图map clarity 地图清晰性map closure 地图闭合map code (1)地图代码;(2)变换码,印象码map collar data 地图边缘数据map color atlas 地图色谱map compilation 地图编绘map complexity 地图复杂性map composition 地图编制map computerization 地图计算机化map coverage 地图层map data base 地图数据库map data retrieval 地图数据查询map data structure 地图数据结构map data 地图数据map decoration 地图整饰map deformation 地图变形map description 地图描述map digitization 地图数字化map digitizing 地图数字化map directory 地图目录map display 地图显示map distortion 地图畸变map distribution 地图供应map edge 图幅边缘map editing 地图编辑map extent 地图范围map face 图幅尺寸;图幅面积map feature 地图特征map files 地图文件map generalization 地图综合map graphics to text data linkage 图形-文本数据连接map graphics 图形-文本数据连接map grid 地图格网map information 地图信息map interpretation 地图判读map join 图幅连接map layer 图层map layout 图面配置map legibility 地图易读性map limits 图范围map linkage 图连接map load 地图负载量map making 制图map matching guidance 地图匹配导航map matching 地图匹配map measure 量图轨map miles 地图英里坐标系统map model system 地图模型系统map nadir 图面底点map name 地图名map of neotectonic strength 图上量算map origin 图坐标原点map overlay analysis 地图叠置分析map overlay modeling analysis 地图叠置模拟分析map overlay地图叠置map parallel 图横线map perception 地图感受map plotting 填图map point 图上定位点;图面点map positional file 地图叠置文件map position 地图定位map projection system 地图投影系统map projection transformation 地图投影转换map projection 地图投影map projector 地图投影仪map quadrangle/map quad 地图标准图幅map query 地图查询map reading 读图map registration 地图对齐map representation file 地图表示文件map resolution 地图分辨率map revision 地图更新map scale number 地图比例尺数map scale 地图比例尺map scaling 地图比例变换map section 图区map series 系列地图map set miles 图集英里比例尺map sheet manipulation 图幅操作map sheet 图幅map shift 图幅移位map sliver 地图细小多边形map specifications 地图规范map standards 地图标准map substitute 临时版地图map symbolism 地图符号体系map symbol 地图符号map systematic errors 地图系统误差map test 地图检测map theme 地图专题map title 图名map tolerance 地图容限map transformation 地图转换map types 地图类型map unit tolerance 地图单位容限map units 地图单位容限map use 地图利用map zoom 地图放大map 地图map-controlled mosaic 地图控制镶嵌图map-grid 地图格网map-matching guidance 地图匹配指导map-projection aspect 地图投影轴map-to-page transformation 地图-页变换mapland 制图地区mapping accuracy standards 制图精度标准mapping accuracy 制图精度mapping angle (子午线)收敛角mapping control 图根控制mapping control point 图根点NMapping Data Interchange Format (MDIF) 制图数据交换格式Mapping Information Management System (MIMS) 制图信息管理系统mapping 制图;测图MAPSAT 制图卫星mapsheet 图幅marginal data 图廓资料margin 边缘;图边;页边;空白master map projection 母型投影master model 立体地图原型medium 媒体;中等的megabit ram 兆字节存储器menu bar 菜单条menu box 菜单盒menu button 菜单按钮menu icons 菜单图标menu item 菜单项menu mark 菜单符号menu origin 菜单原点menu tablet 菜单输入板menu title 菜单标题menu-controlled program 特征码清单控制程序menu 清单;菜单minimum access time 最小存取时间minimum boundary rectangle 最小边界矩形minimum distance classification 最短距离分类minimum distance routing 最短距离选择minimum mapping units 最小制图单元minimum path network 最短路网minimum path tree 最短路径树modular software 模块化软件modular 模数的;模块的Modulator;DEM modulator 数字地面模型模块module field 模块区(空间数据转换)multi-media 多媒体multimedia GIS 多媒体GISmultimedia systems 多媒体系统multimedia 多媒体multiuser 多用户native code 本机语言native map 本土地图natural resource data 自然资源数据network analysis 网络分析network architecture 网络结构network basefile system 网络基本文件系统netwok chain 网络链network data 网络数据network data model 网络数据模型network database 网络数据库Network File Server 网络文件服务器Network File System(NFS) 网络文件系统Network Interface Card 网络接口卡network layer 网络层network model 网状模型Network Operating System 网络操作系统OTnetwork protocol 网络协议network simulation 网络模拟network structure 网络结构neutral networks 神经网络neutral net 神经网络non-graphic attribute 非图形属性non-graphic information 非图形信息nongeographic information 非地理信息。
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The GA898CC Die Bonder utilizes user-friendly interface of which all functions.commands and instructions are the monitor display and arranged in a tree menu,There are six main menus (BOND MODE,PRECESS MODE, SETUP MODE,CONVERSION Mode,DIAGNOSTIC Mode,and SERVICE Mode).
To transfer from one main menu to another main menu,press “←”and “→” keys until the desired menu is highlighted then press “ENTER” to go into the desired main menu.
Bond menu switch to PREOCESS menu. To access a sub-menu,press” ↑”and “↓” key until the desired submenu is highlighted then press “ENTER” to go into the desired submenu.
To go back to the main menu or sub-menu,press “ESC”key until the desired menu is displayed. Following is the keyboard,its keys and their corresponding functions.
“0”to “9” and “.” Numerric keys,use for numerical data input. “SP” key,use for apacing. “+” and ”-” key,use for positive and negative data entry. “shift” and “shift lock” keys,use for using the shifted keys in the keyboard.shifted keys can be used when pressing the “shift” key continuously or press “shift key” once,keyboard is locked for using the shifted keys.
“Ctl” an “Alt” key.use for general computer control purpose. “Esc” keys,use to stop an action or function.use to go back to the previous menu from any sub-menu. “BS” key,use to backspace the cursor. “PgUP” and “PgDn”,use to move the page up or page down page by page. “Del” key,use for general deleting purpose. “Enter” key,use to perform a highlighted function or to accept a value. “Stop” key,use to stop an action or function. “上下左右” key,use to toggle the cursor in left,right,up and down direction for desired menu or selection. “F1” to “F10” keys.use to enable or trigger a particular function in all the six modes. chapter 4>Parameter list. Main Menu: There are totally six main modes in GA898CC,Press the arrow key左and右to select and highlight an item then press[ENTER] to select. By pressing “FNT #” key in bond mode,some functions can be activated by the following keys:
FNT # Title Description 1 CaqmSel To select the current displayed camere to wafer,displaying or bonding side. 2 JoySpd To adjust the moving speed of the joystick from keypad. 3 PRSrch To perform PR search manually on current camera side. 4 BndIdx To index a leadframe to the bonding side. 5 ClrWH To clear all leadframe(s) on the workholder platform. 6 DspIdx To index a leadframe to the dispensing side. 7 CamIdx To index the bond optics according to the row of the leadframe. 8 HomeAnvil To home the Up/Down anvil block or window clamp. Bond Mode Auto bond->To perform auto-bonding according to the taught bonding program.All modules including the missing die checking function would be enabled automatically.The following key can be pressed to trigger different functions during bonding: Change the vies of current camera. To bond all leadframe on the workholder platform. To pick leadframe from stack loader to WH platform. To refill LF to the stack loader. To stop bonding after finishing the current picked-up side. To stop bonding immediately. 1 LF Bond-> To bond 1 lF only.This function is mainly used for trial bonding. 1 Die Bond-> To bond 1die only.This function was useful for trial bonding.The bond position would be updated to achieve the target position if the postbond inspection has been learnt and enabled.To teach the postbond inspection,go to”Setup Mode/Vison system/Postbond Inspection”. To enable the postbond inspection,go to”Process Mode/Process Options Menu/Use IQC” set to Yes. Bond Options Walk Path-> The walking path direction of the wafer table during bonding; LtoR-> Wafer table walked from left to right side. LtoB-> Wafer table walked from top to bottom region. Run Time Update(Y/X)-> Number of bonded sample to be collected for each die placement update cycle to the target position if postbond inspection was enabled.Maximum allowable die shift tolerace could be adjusted from”Precess Mode/IQC Setting Menu/IQC Parameters M- eanu/Postbond Inspection/Die Shift Tol”. Run Time Update(Ang)->Number of bonded samples to be collected for each die angele updated cycle to the target rotation if IQC inspection was enabled.Maximum allowableddie rotational tolerance was adjusted from “Process Mode/IQC Setting Menu/IQC Parameters Menu/ Postbon Inspection/Angle Tol”. Run time Update Mode->To select which type of run time update to be used: Always-> Every bonded die will be counted in update counter. OutSpec-> Only bonded die which are out of specification will be counted in update counter. Bond Die Mode->To select which type of die to be bonded: [Good] To bond good die only. [Ink] To bond inked die only. [Defect] To bond defective die only. Run Time Display-> To select the display during bonding. [Normal] Normal display on screen during machine operation. [LF Map] LF map display on screen during macine operation. Fixed wafer walk Dir-> To enable/disable the fixed walking direction of wafer. Units to Bond-> To set number of units to be bonded. Units bonded-> To display the number of units just bonded. Strirp Bonded-> To display the number of strip just bonded. Operations Menu Load/Unload wafer->Load wafer:Get the wafer from wafer cassette and then transfer to the wafer expander by the wafer robot. Unload wafer: Take the wafer out from wafer expander and then put into the wafer cassette by the wafer robot. Before carry out the wafer loading or unloading operation,user was required to adjust the unload position in”Setup Mode/Wafer Table and Expander/Teach Positions Menu/Wafer Unload Position”. To disable the use of wafer robot during wafer loading or unloading,set”Precess Mode/Precess Options Menu/Use Wafer Loader”to “No”. Align Wafer->To align the wafer by rotating the wafer expander,The align position could be set from “Setup Mode/Wafer Table and Expander/Teach Positions Menu/wafer Align Posn”.After finishing the alignment the wafer table would go to the pre-set wafer start position.this position could be taught by entering the “setup mode/wafer table and expander/teach positions menu/wafer start posn”.If wafer-mapping system was enabled,the wafer would be aligned based on the taught reerence die. Cass/Mag Oprerations