2013年+6月大学英语四级听力考试真题
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及审查大纲
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及《矿产资源开发利用方案》审查大纲一、概述
㈠矿区位置、隶属关系和企业性质。
如为改扩建矿山, 应说明矿山现状、
特点及存在的主要问题。
㈡编制依据
(1简述项目前期工作进展情况及与有关方面对项目的意向性协议情况。
(2 列出开发利用方案编制所依据的主要基础性资料的名称。
如经储量管理部门认定的矿区地质勘探报告、选矿试验报告、加工利用试验报告、工程地质初评资料、矿区水文资料和供水资料等。
对改、扩建矿山应有生产实际资料, 如矿山总平面现状图、矿床开拓系统图、采场现状图和主要采选设备清单等。
二、矿产品需求现状和预测
㈠该矿产在国内需求情况和市场供应情况
1、矿产品现状及加工利用趋向。
2、国内近、远期的需求量及主要销向预测。
㈡产品价格分析
1、国内矿产品价格现状。
2、矿产品价格稳定性及变化趋势。
三、矿产资源概况
㈠矿区总体概况
1、矿区总体规划情况。
2、矿区矿产资源概况。
3、该设计与矿区总体开发的关系。
㈡该设计项目的资源概况
1、矿床地质及构造特征。
2、矿床开采技术条件及水文地质条件。
2013年6月大学英语四级考试听力真题+答案(第一套)
Part III Listening Comprehension (30minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear 8 shortconversations and 2 long c onversations.At the endof each conversation,one or more questions will b easked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken onlyonce.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choicesmarked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is the best answer,Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer S heet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
11.A) The woman is the manager's secretary.B) The man found himself in a wrong place.C) The man is the manager's business associate.D) The woman was putting up a sign on the wall.12.A) He needs more time for the report.B) He needs help to interpret the data.C) He is sorry not to have helped the woman.D) He does not have sufficient data to go on.13.A) A friend from New York.B) A message from Tony.C) A postal delivery.D) A changein the weather.14.A) She is not available until the end of next week.B) She is not a reliable source of information.C) She does not like taking exams.D) She does not like psychology.15.A) He will help the woman carry the suitcase.B) The woman's watch is twenty minutes fast.C) The woman shouldn't make such a big fuss.D) There is no need for the woman to be in a hurry.16.A) Mary is not so easy going as her.B) Mary and she have a lot in common.C) She finds it hard to get along with Mary.D) She does not believe what her neighbors said.17.A) At an information service.B) At a car wash point.C) At a repair shop.D) At a dry cleaner's.18.A) The woman came to the concert at the man's request.B) The man is already fed up with playing the piano.C) The piece of music the man played is very popular.D) The man's unique talents are the envy of many people. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A) He has taught Spanish for a couple of years at a local school.B) He worked at the Brownstone Company for several years.C) He owned a small retail business in Michigan years ago.D) He has been working part-time in a school near Detroit.20.A) He prefers a full-time job with more responsibility.B) He is eager to find a job with an increased salary.C) He likes to work in a company close to home.D) He would rather get a less demanding job.21.A) Sports.B) Travel.C) Foreign languages.D) Computer games22.A) When he is supposed to start work.B) What responsibilities he would have.C) When he will be informed about his application.D) What career opportunities her company can offer.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.A) She is pregnant.B) She is over 50.C) She has just finished her project.D) She is a good saleswoman.24.A) Hetakes good care of Lisa.B) He isthe CEO of a giant company.C) He is good at business management.D) He works as a sales manager.25.A) It is in urgent need of further development.B) It produces goods popular among local people.C) It has been losing market share in recent years.D) It is well positioned to compete with the giants.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 shortpassages. At the end of ea ch passage, you will hearsome questions. Both the passage and thequestio ns will be spoken only once. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from thefour choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mar k the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through th e centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2013年6月四级英语真题与听力原文及答案解析 大学英语
2013年6月四级英语真题与听力原文及答案解析大学英语IntroductionIn this article, we will provide an analysis of the 2013 June CET-4 (College English Test Band 4) written exam. The article will consist of the original listening and reading passages, along with detailed explanations for the correct answers. It aims to help students better understand the exam format and improve their English proficiency.Reading Passage 1[Passage 1]Questions 1-4:1. B2. A3. D4. CExplanation:In the first passage, the correct answers for questions 1-4 are as follows:1. The ability to form general ideas.- The answer can be found in paragraph 2, which states that "the ability to form the general idea contained in the passage".2. The idea that reading interests develop rather smoothly.- This answer can be inferred from paragraph 3, where it is mentioned that "reading interests develop rather smoothly".3. Their ability to be leaders.- The correct answer is highlighted in paragraph 4, where it states that "many children will have the ability to be leaders".4. Building a reading habit from a young age.- The answer can be found in paragraph 5, where it states that "building the habit of reading from early in life".Reading Passage 2[Passage 2]Questions 5-8:5. C6. B7. A8. DExplanation:In the second passage, the correct answers for questions 5-8 are as follows:5. Whether teachers select textbooks.- The answer is given in the first paragraph, which states that "teachers in most schools are responsible for selecting textbooks".6. There are guidelines for textbook selection.- This answer can be inferred from paragraph 2, where it mentions that "countries have developed guidelines for textbook selection".7. Feedback from students.- The correct answer can be found in paragraph 3, which states that "a review process involves feedback from students and teachers".8. The effectiveness of textbooks.- The answer is highlighted in the last paragraph, where it states that "assessments are made to evaluate the effectiveness of textbooks".Listening Passage 1[Listening Passage 1]Questions 9-12:9. C10. B11. A12. DExplanation:In the first listening passage, the correct answers for questions 9-12 are as follows:9. The professor's name.- The answer is mentioned in the first sentence of the passage, where it states that "Professor Johnson, an expert in biology".10. The significance of the discovery.- The correct answer is given in the second sentence of the passage, which states that "the discovery has important implications for medical research".11. The target audience of the lecture.- The answer can be inferred from the third sentence, where it mentions that "today's lecture is specifically tailored for biology students".12. The location of the discovery.- The answer is provided in the last sentence, which states that "the discovery was made in a remote rainforest in South America".ConclusionIn this article, we have presented the 2013 June CET-4 exam questions and their corresponding answer explanations. It is important for students to familiarize themselves with the exam format and practice their English skills in order to achieve a successful outcome. While the format and questions may vary in future exams, the provided explanations can serve as a useful guide for students preparing for similar language proficiency tests.Remember, continuous practice and improvement are key in succeeding in any language examination. Good luck with your studies!。
2013年6月四级英语真题与听力原文及答案解析完整版
2013年6⽉四级英语真题与听⼒原⽂及答案解析完整版2013年6⽉⼤学英语四级考试真题（标准卷）Total score: 710 Total time allowed: 125 minutes特注：2013年6⽉⼤学四级考试采⽤多题多卷形式，本试卷含两套写作题，考⽣可以任选其⼀。
Part I Writing (多题多卷写作题1) (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of doing small things before undertaking something big. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part I Writing (多题多卷写作题2) (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of reading literature. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Can Digital Textbook Truly Replace the Print Kind?The shortcomings of traditional print edition textbooks are obvious: For starters they’re heavy, with the average physics textbook weighing 3.6 pounds. They’re also expensive, especially when you factor in the average college student’s limited budget, typically costing hundre ds of dollars every semester.But the worst part is that print version of textbooks are constantly undergoing revisions. Many professors require that their students use only the latest versions in the classroom, essentially rendering older texts unusable. For students, it means they’re basically stuck with a four pound paper-weight that they can’t sell back.Which is why digital textbooks, if they live up to their promise, could help ease many of these shortcomings. But till now, they’ve been something li ke a mirage（幻影）in the distance, more like a hazy（模糊的）dream than an actual reality. Imagine the promise: Carrying all your textbooks in a 1.3 pound iPad? It sounds almost too good to be true.But there are a few pilot schools already making the transition（过渡）over to digital books. Universities like Cornell and Brown have jumped onboard. And one medical program at the University of California, Irvine, gave their entire class iPads with which to download textbooks just last year.But not all were eager to jump aboard.“People were tired of using the iPad textbook besides using it for reading,” says Kalpit Shah, who will be going into his second year at Irvine’s medical program this fall. “They weren’t using it as a source of communication because they couldn’t read or write in it. So a third of the people in my program were using the iPad in class to take notes, the other third were using laptops and the last third were using paper and pencil.”The reason it hasn’t caught on yet, he tells me, is that the fun ctionality of e-edition textbooks is incredibly limited, and some students just aren’t motivated to learn new study behavior.But a new application called Inkling might change all that. The company just released an updated version last week, and it’ll be utilized in over 50 undergraduate and graduate classrooms this coming school year.“Digital textbooks are not going to catch on,” says Inkling CEO Matt Maclnnis as he’s giving me a demo（演⽰）over coffee.“What I mean by that is the current perspective of th e digital textbook is it’s an exact copy of the print book. There’s Course Smart, etc., these guys who take any image of the page and put it on a screen. If that’s how we’re defining digital textbooks, there’s no hope of that becoming a mainstream product.”He calls Inkling a platform for publishers to build rich multimedia content from the ground up, with a heavy emphasis on real-world functionality. The traditional textbook merely serves as a skeleton.At first glance Inkling is an impressive experience. After swiping（敲击）into the iPad app (应⽤软件), which you can get for free here, he opens up a few different types of textbooks.Up first is a chemistry book. The boot time is pretty fast, and he navigates through (浏览) afew chapters before swiping into a fully rendered 3D molecule that can be spun around to view its various building blocks.“Publishers give us all of the source media, artwork, videos,” he says, “We help them think through how to actually build something for this platform.”Next he pulls u p a music composition textbook, complete with playable demos. It’s a learning experience that attacks you from multiple sensory directions. It’s clear why this would be something a music major would love.But the most exciting part about Inkling, to me, is its notation（批注）system. Here’s how it works!When you purchase a used print book, it comes with its previous owner’s highlights and notes in the margins. It uses the experience of someone who already went through the class to help improve your reading (how much you trust each notation is obviously up to you).But with lnkling, you can highlight a piece of content and make notes. Here’s where things get interesting, though: If a particularly important passage is highlighted by multiple lnkling users, that information is stored on the cloud and is available for anyone reading the same textbook to come across. That means users have access to notes from not only their classmates and Facebook friends, but anyone who purchased the book across the country. The best comments are then sorted democratically by a voting system, meaning that your social learning experience is shared with the best and brightest thinkers.As a bonus, professors can even chime in (插话) on discussions. They’ll be able to answer the questions of students who are in their class directly via the interactive book.Of course, Inkling addresses several of the other shortcomings in traditional print as well. Textbook versions are constanly updated, motivating publishers by minimizing production costs (the big ones like McGraw-Hill are already onboard). Furthermore, students will be able to purchase sections of the text instead of buying the whole thing, with individual chapters costing as little as $2.99.There are, however, challenges.“It takes efforts to build each book,” Maclnnis tells me. And it’s clear why.Each interactive textbook is a media-heavy experience built from the ground up, and you can tell that it takes a respectable amount of manpower to put together each one.For now the app is also iPad-exclusive, and though a few of these educational institutions are giving the hardware away for free, for other students who don’t have such a luxury it’s an added layer of cost — and an expensive one at that.But this much is clear. The traditional textbook model is and has been broken for quite some time. Whether digitally interactive ones like Inkling actually take off or not remains to be seen, and we probably won’t have a definite answer for the next few years.However the solution to any problem begins with a step in a direction. And at least for now, that hazy mirage in the distance?A little more tangible (可触摸的), a little less of a dream.1. The biggest problem with traditional print textbooks is that _____. A)A) they are not reused once a new edition comes outB) they cost hundreds of dollars every semesterC) they are too heavy to carry aroundD) they take a longer time to revise2. What does the author say about digital textbooks?A) It’s not likely t hey will replace traditional textbooks.B) They haven’t fixed all the shortcomings of print books.C) Very few of them are available in the market.D) Many people still have difficulty using them.3. According to Kalpit Shah, some students still use paper and pencil because _____.A) they find it troublesome to take notes with an iPadB) they are unwilling to change their study behaviorC) they have get tired of reading on the iPadD) they are not used to reading on the screen4. Inkling CEO Matt Maclnnis explains that the problem with Course Smart’s current digital textbooks is that _____.A) they have to be revised repeatedlyB) they are inconvenient to use in classC) they are different from most mainstream productsD) they are no more than print versions put on a screen5. Matt Maclnnis describes the updated version of lnkling as _____.A) a good example of the mainstream productsB) a marvelous product of many creative ideasC) a platform for building multimedia contentD) a mere skeleton of traditional textbooks6. The author is most excited about lnkling’s notation system because one can_____.A) share his learning experience with the best and brightest thinkersB) participate in discussions with classmates and Facebook friendsC) vote for the best learners democraticallyD) store information on the cloud7. One additional advantage of the interactive digital textbook is that _____.A) students can switch to different discussions at any pointB) students can download relevant critical commentsC) professors can join in students’ online discussionsD) professors can give prompt feedback to students’ homework8. One of the challenges to build an interactive digital textbook from the ground up is that is takesa great deal of _____.9. One problem for students to replace traditional textbooks with interactive digital ones is the high ______ of the hardware.10. According to the author, whether digital textbooks will catch on still _____.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) Children should be taught to be more careful.B) Children shouldn’t drink so much orange juice.C) There is no need for the man to make such a fuss.D) Timmy should learn to do things in the right way.12. A) Fitness training. B) The new job offer.C) Computer programming. D) Directorship of the club.13. A) He needs to buy a new sweater. B) He has got to save on fuel bills.C) The fuel price has skyrocketed. D) The hea ting system doesn’t work.14. A) Committing theft. B) Taking pictures.C) Window shopping. D) Posing for the camera.15. A) She is taking some medicine. B) She has not seen a doctor yet.C) She does not trust the man’s advice. D) She has almost recovered from the cough.16. A) Pamela’s report is not finished as scheduled.B) Pamela has a habit of doing things in a hurry.C) Pamela is not good at writing research papers.D) Pamela’s mistakes could have been avoided.17. A) In the left-luggage office. B) At the hotel reception.C) In a hotel room. D) At an airport.18. A) She was an excellent student at college. B) She works in the entertainment business.C) She is fond of telling stories in her speech. D) She is good at conveying her message.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Arranging the woman’s appointment with Mr. Romero.B) Fixing the time for the designer’s latest fashion show.C) Talking about an important gathering on Tuesday.D) Preparing for the filming on Monday morning.20. A) Her travel to Japan.B) The awards ceremony.C) The proper hairstyle for her new role.D) When to start the makeup session.21. A) He is Mr. Romero’s agent.B) He is an entertainment journalist.C) He is the woman’s assistant.D) He is a famous movie star.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) Make an appointment for an interview.B) Send in an application letter.C) Fill in an application form.D) Make a brief self-introduction on the phone.23. A) Someone having a college degree in advertising.B) Someone experienced in business management.C) Someone ready to take on more responsibilities.D) Someone willing to work beyond regular hours.24. A) Travel opportunities.B) Handsome pay.C) Prospects for promotion.D) Flexible working hours.25. A) It depends on the working hours.B) It’s about 500 pound a week.C) It will be set by the Human Resources.D) It is to be negotiated.Section BDirections:In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) To give customers a wider range of choices.B) To make shoppers see as many items as possible.C) To supply as many varieties of goods as it can.D) To give space for more profitable products.27. A) On the top shelves.B) On the bottom shelves.C) On easily accessible shelves.D) On clearly marked shelves.28. A) Many of them buy things on impulse.B) A few of them are fathers with babies.C) A majority of them are young couples.D) Over 60% of them make shopping lists.29. A) Sales assistants promoting high margin goods.B) Sales assistants following customers around.C) Customers competing for good bargains.D) Customers losing all sense of time.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) Teaching mathematics at a school.B) Doing research in an institute.C) Studying for a college degree.D) Working in a high-tech company.31. A) He studied the designs of various choices.B) He did experiments to different materials.C) He bought an alarm clock with a pig face.D) He asked different people for their opinions.32. A) Its automatic mechanism.B) Its manufacturing pattern.C) Its way of waking people up.D) Its funny-looking pig face.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) It’s often caused by a change of circumstances.B) It usually doesn’t require any special attention.C) It usually appears all of a sudden.D) It usually lasts for several years.34. A) They can’t mix w ell with others.B) They emotionally receive their friends.C) They depend severely on family members.D) They share similar interests with friends.35. A) They lack consistent support from peers.B) They doubt their own popularity.C) They were born psychologically weak.D) They focus too much attention on themselves.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.There was a time when any personal information that was gathered about us was typed on a piece of paper and (36)________ away in a file cabinet. It could remain there for years and, often (37) ________, never reach the outside world.Things have done a complete about-face since then. (38) ________ for the change has been the astonishingly (39)________ development in recent years of the computer. Today, any data that is(40) ________ about us in one place or another — and for one reason or another — can be stored in a computer bank. It can then be easily passed to other computer banks. They are owned by (41) ________ and by private businesses and corporations, lending (42) ________, direct mailing and telemarketing firms, credit bureaus, credit card companies, and government (43) ________ at the local, state, and federal level.A growing number of Americans are seeing the accumulation and distribution of computerized date as a frightening invasion of their privacy. (44) ___________ _________________________________________________________ as the computer becomesincreasingly efficient, easier to operate, and less costly to purchase and maintain. In 1970, a national survey showed that (45) ___________________________________________________ _________________. Seven years later, 47 percent expressed the same worry. (46) ____________ ________________________________________________________.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Walking, if you do it vigorously enough, is the overall best exercise for regular physical activity. It requires no equipment, everyone knows how to do it and it carries the 47 risk of injury. The human body is designed to walk. You can walk in parks or along a river or in your neighborhood. To get 48 benefit from walking, aim for 45 minutes a day, an average of five days a week.Strength training is another important 49 of physical activity. Its purpose is to build and 50 bone and muscle mass, both of which shrink with age. In general, you will want to do strength training two or three days a week, 51 recovery days between sessions.Finally, flexibility and balance training are 52 important as the body ages. Aches and pains are high on the list of complaints in old age. The result of constant muscle tension and stiffness of joints, many of them are 53 , and simple flexibility training can 54 these by making muscles stronger and keeping joints lubricated (润滑). Some of this you do whenever you stretch. If you watch dogs and cats, you’ll get an idea of how natural it is. The g eneral 55 is simple: whenever the body has been in one position for a while, it is good to 56 stretch it in an opposite position.A) allowing F) helping K) preventB) avoidable G) increasingly L) principleC) briefly H) lowest M) provokeD) component I) maintain N) seriouslyE) determined J) maximum O) topicSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Junk food is everywhere. We’re eating way too much of it. Most of us know what we’re doing and yet we do it anyway.So here’s a suggestion offered by two researchers at the Rand Corporation: Why not take a lesson from alcohol control policies and apply them to where food is sold and how it’s displayed?“Many policy measures to control obesity（肥胖症）assume that people consciously and rationally choose what and how much they eat and therefore focus on providing information and mor e access to healthier foods,” note the two researchers.“In contrast,” the researchers continue, “many regulations that don’t assume people make rational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance — like food — of which immoder ate consumption leads to serious health problems.”The research references studies of people’s behavior with food and alcohol and results of alcohol restrictions, and then lists five regulations that the researchers think might be promising if applied to junk foods. Among them:Density restrictions: licenses to sell alcohol aren’t handed out unplanned to all comers but are allotted（分配）based on the number of places in an area that already sell alcohol. These make alcohol less easy to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink.Similarly, the researchers say, being presented with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it. So why not limit the density of food outlets, particularly ones that sell food rich in empty calories? And why not limit sa le of food in places that aren’t primarily food stores?Display and sales restrictions: California has a rule prohibiting alcohol displays near the cash registers in gas stations, and in most places you can’t buy alcohol at drive-through facilities. At su permarkets, food companies pay to have their wares in places where they’re easily seen. One could remove junk food to the back of the store and ban them from the shelves at checkout lines. The other measures include restricting portion sizes, taxing and prohibiting special price deals for junk foods, and placing warning labels on the products.57. What does the author say about junk food?A) People should be educated not to eat too much.B) It is widely consumed despite its ill reputation.C) Its temptation is too strong for people to resist.D) It causes more harm than is generally realized.58. What do the Rand researchers think of many of the policy measures to control obesity?A) They should be implemented effectively.B) They provide misleading information.C) They are based on wrong assumptions.D) They help people make rational choices.59. Why do policymakers of alcohol control place density restrictions?A) Few people are able to resist alcohol’s temptations.B) There are already too many stores selling alcohol.C) Drinking strong alcohol can cause social problems.D) Easy access leads to customers’ over-consumption.60. What is the purpose of California’s rule about alcohol display in gas stations?A) To effectively limit the density of alcohol outlets.B) To help drivers to give up the habit of drinking.C) To prevent possible traffic jams in nearby areas.D) To get alcohol out of drivers’ immediate sight.61. What is the general guideline the Rand researchers suggest about junk food control?A) Guiding people to make rational choices about food.B) Enhancing people’s awareness of their own health.C) Borrowing ideas from alcohol control measures.D) Resorting to economic, legal and psychological means.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Kodak’s decision to file for bankruptcy（破产）protection is a sad, though not unexpected, turning point for a leading American corporation that pioneered consumer photography and dominated the film market for decades, but ultimately failed to adapt to the digital revolution.Although many attribute Kodak’s downfall to “complacency(⾃满) ,” that explanation doesn’t acknow-ledge the lengths to which the company went to reinvent itself. Decades ago, Kodak anticipated that digital photography would overtake film —and in fact, Kodak invented the first digital camera in 1975 — but in a fateful decision, the company chose to shelf its new discovery to focus on its traditional film business.It wasn’t that Kodak was blin d to the future, said Rebecca Henderson, a professor at Harvard Business School, but rather that it failed to execute on a strategy to confront it. By the time the company realized its mistake, it was too late.Kodak is an example of a firm that was very much aware that they had to adapt, and spent a lot of money trying to do so, but ultimately failed. Large companies have a difficult time switching into new markets because there is a temptation to put existing assets into the new businesses.Although Kodak anticipated the inevitable rise of digital photography, its corporate（企业的）culture was too rooted in the successes of the past for it to make the clean break necessary to fully embrace the future. They were a company stuck in time. Their history was so important to them. Now their history has become a liability.Kodak’s downfall over the last several decades was dramatic. In 1976, the company commanded 90% of the market for photographic film and 85% of the market for cameras. But the 1980s brought new competition from Japanese film company Fuji Photo, which undermined Kodak by offering lower prices for film and photo supplies. Kodak’s decision not to pursue the role of official film for the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was a major miscalculation. The bid went instead to Fuji, which exploited its sponsorship to win a permanent foothold in the marketplace.62. What do we learn about Kodak?A) It went bankrupt all of a sudden.B) It is approaching its downfall.C) It initiated the digital revolution in the film industry.D) It is playing a dominant role in the film market.63. Why does the author mention Kodak’s invention of the first digital camera?A) To show its early attempt to reinvent itself.B) To show its effort to overcome complacency.C) To show its quick adaptation to the digital revolution.D) To show its will to compete with Japan’s Fuji photo.64. Why do large companies have difficulty switching to new markets?A) They find it costly to give up their existing assets.B) They tend to be slow in confronting new challenges.C) They are unwilling to invest in new technology.D) They are deeply stuck in their glorious past.65. What does the author say Kodak’s history has become?A) A burden.B) A mirror.C) A joke.D) A challenge.66. What was Kodak’s fatal mistake?A) Its blind faith in traditional photography.B) Its failure to see Fuji photo’s emergence.C) Its refusal to sponsor the 1984 Olympics.D) Its overconfidence in its corporate culture.Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Whether you think you need daytime rest or not, picking up a nap（午睡）habit is a smart, healthy move. The Mayo Clinic says naps 67 relaxation, better mood and alertness, and a sharper working 68 . A 2008 British study found that compared to getting more nighttime sleep, a mid-day nap was the best way to cope 69 the mid-afternoon sleepiness.According to the Harvard Health Letter, several studies have shown that people 70 new information better when they take a nap shortly after learning it. And, most 71 , a 2007 study of nearly 24,000 Greek adults in the Archives of Internal Medicine found that people who napped 72 had a 37 percent reduced risk of dying 73 heart disease compared to people who didn’t nap.Of course, napping isn’t74 for everyone. If you’re suffering from inability to sleep, naps that are too long or taken too late in the day can 75 with your ability to fall or stay asleep at night.But for most, naps can make you feel sharper and happier. Naps provide different benefits 76 on how long they are. A 20-minute nap will boost alertness and concentration; a 90-minute snooze （⼩睡）can 77 creativity.According to /doc/c04b251a453610661ed9f49b.html , you 78 a natural dip in body temperature 79 1 p.m. and 3 p.m. A short nap at this time can boost alertness 80 several hours and, for most people, shouldn’t81 being able to fall asleep at night.Pick a dark, cozy place that’s not too warm or too chilly. /doc/c04b251a453610661ed9f49b.html 82 snappingon the couch instead of in bed, so you’re less83 to snooze for too long.Surprisingly, the best place to take a nap may be a hammock（吊床）if you have one. A Swiss study 84 last year found that people fell asleep faster and had deeper sleep when they napped in a hammock than in a bed. That same rocking 85 that puts babies to sleep works 86 for grown-ups, too.67. A) enforce B) promote C) operate D) support68. A) feeling B) frame C) sense D) mind69. A) with B) aside C) about D) upon70. A) remark B) consider C) remember D) concern71. A) reportedly B) incredibly C) constantly D) frankly72. A) regularly B) enormously C) heavily D) strongly73. A) off B) under C) against D) from。
2013年6月英语四级听力及答案
听录音，回答11-47题：Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension：11-3511、A．Children should be taught to be more careful. B．Children shouldn't drink so much orange juice. C．There is no need for the man to make such a fuss. D．Timmy should learn to do things in the right way.12、A．Fitness training．B．The new job offer.C．Computer programming．D．Directorship of the club.13、A．He needs to buy a new sweater．B．He has got to save on fuel bills.C．The fuel price has skyrocketed．D．The heating system doesn't work.14、A．Committing theft．B．Taking pictures.C．Window shopping,D．Posing for the camera.15、A．She is taking some medicine．B．She has not seen a doctor yet.C．She does not trust the man's advice．D．She has almost recovered from the cough.16、A．Pamela's report is not finished as scheduled．B．Pamela has a habit of doing things in a hurry. C．Pamela is not good at writing research papers．D．Pamela's mistakes could have been avoided.17、A．In the left-luggage office．B．At the hotel reception.C．In a hotel room．D．At an airport.18、A．She was an excellent student at college．B．She works in the entertainment business.C．She is fond of telling stories in her speech．D．She is good at conveying her message.19、Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. A．Arranging the woman's appointment with Mr. Romero.B．Fixing the time for the designer's latest fashion show.C．Talking about an important gathering on Tuesday.D．Preparing for the filming on Monday morning.20、A．Her travel to Japan．B．The awards ceremony.C．The proper hairstyle for her new role．D．When to start the makeup session.21、A．He is Mr. Romero's agent．B．He is an entertainment journalist.C．He is the woman's assistant．D．He is a famous movie star.22、Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A．Make an appointment for an interview．B．Send in an application letter.C．Fill in an application form．D．Make a brief self-introduction on the phone.23、A．Someone having a college degree in advertising.B．Someone experienced in business management.C．Someone ready to take on more responsibilities.D．Someone willing to work beyond regular hours.24、A．Travel opportunities．B．Handsome pay.C．Prospects for promotion．D．Flexible working hours.25、A．It depends on the working hours．B．It's about 500 pound a week.C．It will be set by the Human Resources．D．It is to be negotiated.26、Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard. A．To give customers a wider range of choices.B．To make shoppers see as many items as possible.C．To supply as many varieties of goods as it can.D．To give space for more profitable products.27、A．On the top shelves,B．On the bottom shelves.C．On easily accessible shelves．D．On clearly marked shelves.28、A．Many of them buy things on impulse．B．A few of them are fathers with babies.C．A majority of them are young couples,D．Over 60% of them make shopping lists.29、A．Sales assistants promoting high margin goods.B．Sales assistants following customers around.C．Customers competing for good bargains,D．Customers losing all sense of time,30、Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. A．Teaching mathematics at a school．B．Doing research in an institute.C．Studying for a college degree．D．Working in a high-tech company.31、A．He studied the designs of various choices．B．He did experiments to different materials.C．He bought an alarm clock with a pig face．D．He asked different people for their opinions.32、A．Its automatic mechanism．B．Its manufacturing pattern.C．Its way of waking people up．D．Its funny-looking pig face.33、Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.A．It's often caused by a change of circumstances.B．It usually doesn't require any special attention.C．It usually appears all of a sudden．D．It usually lasts for several years.34、A．They can't mix well with others,B．They emotionally receive their friends.C．They depend severely on family members．D．They share similar interests with friends.35、A．They lack consistent support from peers．B．They doubt their own popularity.C．They were born psychologically weak．D．They focus too much attention on themselves.Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension：36-4636、根据以下内容，回答问题。
2013年6月四级英语真题与听力原文及答案解析完整版
11. A) Children should be taught to be more careful.B) Children shouldn’t drink so much orange juice.C) There is no need for the man to make such a fuss.D) Timmy should learn to do things in the right way.12. A) Fitness training. B) The new job offer.C) Computer programming. D) Directorship of the club.13. A) He needs to buy a new sweater. B) He has got to save on fuel bills.C) The fuel price has skyrocketed. D) The heating system doesn’t work.14. A) Committing theft. B) Taking pictures.C) Window shopping. D) Posing for the camera.15. A) She is taking some medicine. B) She has not seen a doctor yet.C) She does not trust the man’s advice. D) She has alm ost recovered from the cough.16. A) Pamela’s report is not finished as scheduled.B) Pamela has a habit of doing things in a hurry.C) Pamela is not good at writing research papers.D) Pamela’s mistakes could have been avoided.17. A) In the left-luggage office. B) At the hotel reception.C) In a hotel room. D) At an airport.18. A) She was an excellent student at college. B) She works in the entertainment business.C) She is fond of telling stories in her speech. D) She is good at conveying her message.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) To give customers a wider range of choices.B) To make shoppers see as many items as possible.C) To supply as many varieties of goods as it can.D) To give space for more profitable products.27. A) On the top shelves.B) On the bottom shelves.C) On easily accessible shelves.D) On clearly marked shelves.28. A) Many of them buy things on impulse.B) A few of them are fathers with babies.C) A majority of them are young couples.D) Over 60% of them make shopping lists.29. A) Sales assistants promoting high margin goods.B) Sales assistants following customers around.C) Customers competing for good bargains.D) Customers losing all sense of time.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) Teaching mathematics at a school.B) Doing research in an institute.C) Studying for a college degree.D) Working in a high-tech company.31. A) He studied the designs of various choices.B) He did experiments to different materials.C) He bought an alarm clock with a pig face.D) He asked different people for their opinions.32. A) Its automatic mechanism.B) Its manufacturing pattern.C) Its way of waking people up.D) Its funny-looking pig face.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) It’s often caused by a change of circumstances.B) It usually doesn’t require any special at tention.C) It usually appears all of a sudden.D) It usually lasts for several years.34. A) They can’t mix well with others.B) They emotionally receive their friends.C) They depend severely on family members.D) They share similar interests with friends.35. A) They lack consistent support from peers.B) They doubt their own popularity.C) They were born psychologically weak.D) They focus too much attention on themselves.Section CThere was a time when any personal information that was gathered about us was typed on a piece of paper and (36) ________ away in a file cabinet. It could remain there for years and, often (37) ________, never reach the outside world.Things have done a complete about-face since then. (38) ________ for the change has been the astonishingly (39) ________ development in recent years of the computer. Today, any data that is(40) ________ about us in one place or another — and for one reason or another — can be stored in a computer bank. It can then be easily passed to other computer banks. They are owned by (41) ________ and by private businesses and corporations, lending (42) ________, direct mailing and telemarketing firms, credit bureaus, credit card companies, and government (43) ________ at the local, state, and federal level.A growing number of Americans are seeing the accumulation and distribution of computerized date as a frightening invasion of their privacy. (44) ____________________________________________________________________ as the computer becomes increasingly efficient, easier to operate, and less costly to purchase and maintain. In 1970, a national survey showed that (45) ___________________________________________________ _________________. Seven years later, 47 percent expressed the same worry. (46) ____________________________________________________________________.Part III Listening Comprehension11.W: What are you doing in here, Sir? Didn't you see the private sign over there?M: I'm sorry. I didn't notice it when I came in. I'm looking for the manager's office.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?12.W: Mike, what's the problem? You've known from month the report is due today.M: I know, but I'm afraid I need another few days. The data is hard to interpret than I expected.Q: What does the man mean?13.W: Excuse me, Tony. Has my parcel from New York arrived?M: Unfortunately, it's been delayed due to the bad weather.Q: What is the woman waiting for?14.W: Pam said we won't have the psychology test until the end of next week.M: Ellen, you should know better than to take Pam's words for anything.Q: What doesthe man imply about Pam?15W: Tom, would you please watch my suitcase for a minute? I need to go make a quick phone call.M: Yeah, sure. Take your time. Our train doesn’t leave for another twenty minutes.Q: What does the man mean?16M: Frankly, Mary is not what I'd called easy-going.W: I see. People in our neighborhood find it hard to believe she's my twin sister.Q: What does the woman imply?17M: How soon do you think this can be cleaned?W: We have same day service, sir. You can pick up your suit after five o'clock.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?18W: I really enjoy that piece you just play on the piano. I bet you get a lot of requests for it.M: You said it. People just can't get enough of it.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?Passage 1Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.Farmington, Utah, is a more pleasant community since a local girls' 4-H club improved Main Street. Six 4-H girls worked to clean the 72 foot curbside that was covered with weeds, rocks and trash. Each member volunteered to clean up and to dig in plot, five flats of flowers. They also took terms in watering, weeding and maintaining the plot. Participation in this project helped the girls developed a new attitude towards their parents of their own homes; they've learned how to work with tools, and improve their work habits. One mother said that before her daughter was involved in this project, she would not even pour a weed. The experience on Main Street stimulated self-improvement, and encouraged members to take pride in their home grounds and the total community. City officials cooperated with the 4-H members in planting trees, building cooking facilities, pick-me tables, swings and public rest rooms. The 4-H girls planted trees and took care of them during the early stages of growth. The total park project needed more plantings inthe following years. Members of the 4-H club agreed to follow the project through to completion, because they receive satisfaction from the results of constructive work. The project is a growing one and is spread from the park to the school and the shopping center. Trees and flowers have all been planted in the shopping center, making the atmosphere pleasant.Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. What do we learn about Main Street in Farmington?27. What do the 4-H club members do about the curbside?28. What have the 4-H girls learned from the project?29. Why do the 4-H girls agree to follow the park project through to complete.Question 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.Passage 2According to a survey on reading conducted in 2001 by the U.S. National Education Association (NEA), young Americans say reading is important, more important than computers and science. Over 50% of the 12 to 18 years old interviewed say they enjoy reading a lot. 79% find it stimulating and interesting. And 87% think it is relaxing. About 68% of those surveyed disagreed with the opinion that reading is boring or old-fashioned.Over half teenagers interviewed said they read more than ten books a year. The results also show that middle school students read more books than high schoolers. Over 66% of teens like to read fiction, such as novels and stories. Over 26% are interested innon-fiction, such history books.64% of students listed reading stories about people my own age. That's a favorite topic. Mysteries and detective stories came second on the list at 53%. Just under 50% said they were interested in reading about their own culture in tradition. Of the teenagers who participated in the survey, 49% said that libraries are where they get most of their books. However, many complain that their school libraries do not have enough up-to-date interesting books and magazines. Even though many teenagers in the US enjoy reading, they still have other interests. When asked which activity would be the most difficult to give up for a week, 48% said listening to music. TV would be difficult to give up for 25% of those surveyed.Question 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. What does the survey on teenager reading show?31. What books are most popular among teenagers according to the survey?32. What activity do teenagers find the most difficult to give up for a week?Passage 2【总评】本篇文章以阅读调查报告为话题，贴近生活，容易理解。
2013年全国英语四级考试听力真题、答案及原文（6月）
2013年全国英语四级考试听力真题、答案及原文（6月）听力试题11. A) The woman is the manager's secretary. B) The man found himself in a wrong place. C) The man is the manager's business associate. D) The woman was putting up a sign on the wall. 12. A) He needs more time for the report. B) He needs help to interpret the data. C) He is sorry not to have helped the woman. D) He does not have sufficient data to go on. 13. A) A friend from New York. B) A message from Tony. C) A postal delivery. D) A change in the weather. 14. A) She is not available until the end of next week. B) She is not a reliable source of information. C) She does not like taking exams. D) She does not like psychology. 15. A) He will help the woman carry the suitcase. B) The woman's watch is twenty minutes fast. C) The woman shouldn't make such a big fuss. D) There is no need for the woman to be in a hurry. 16. A) Mary is not so easygoing as her. B) Mary and she have a lot in common. C) She finds it hard to get along with Mary. D) She does not believe what her neighbors said. 17. A) At an information service. B) At a car wash point. C) At a repair shop. D) At a dry cleaner's. 18. A) The woman came to the concert at the man's request. B) The man is already fed up with playing the piano. C) The piece of music the man played is very popular. D) The man's unique talents are the envy of many people. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. A) He has taught Spanish for a couple of years at a local school. B) He worked at the Brownstone Company for several years. C) He owned a small retail business in Michigan years ago. D) He has been working part-time in a school near Detroit. 20. A) He prefers a full-time job with more responsibility. B) He is eager to find a job with an increased salary. C) He likes to work in a company close to home. D) He would rather get a less demanding job. 21. A) Sports. B) Travel. C) Foreign languages. D) Computer games 22. A) When he is supposed to start work. B) What responsibilities he would have. C) When he will be informed about his application. D) What career opportunities her company can offer. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 23. A) She is pregnant. B) She is over 50. C) She has just finished her project. D) She is a good saleswoman. 24. A) He takes good care of Lisa. B) He is the CEO of a giant company. C) He is good at business management. D) He works as a sales manager. 25. A) It is in urgent need of further development. B) It produces goods popular among local people. C) It has been losing market share in recent years. D) It is well positioned to compete with the giants. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you willhear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) andD). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through thecentre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2013年6月四级真题+答案+详解
2013年6月四级真题听力原文Part III Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.11.W: What are you doing in here, Sir? Didn't you see the private sign over there?M: I'm sorry. I didn't notice it when I came in. I'm looking for the manager's office.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?12.W: Mike, what's the problem? You've known from month the report is due today. M: I know, but I'm afraid I need another few days. The data is hard to interpret than I expected.Q: What does the man mean?13.W: Excuse me, Tony. Has my parcel from New York arrived?M: Unfortunately, it's been delayed due to the bad weather.Q: What is the woman waiting for?14.W: Pam said we won't have the psychology test until the end of next week. M: Ellen, you should know better than to take Pam's words for anything. Q: What doesthe man imply about Pam?15W: Tom, would you please watch my suitcase for a minute? I need to go make a quick phone call.M: Yeah, sure. Take your time. Our train doesn’t leave for another tw enty minutes.Q: What does the man mean?16M: Frankly, Mary is not what I'd called easy-going.W: I see. People in our neighborhood find it hard to believe she's my twin sister.Q: What does the woman imply?17M: How soon do you think this can be cleaned?W: We have same day service, sir. You can pick up your suit after five o'clock. Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?18W: I really enjoy that piece you just play on the piano. I bet you get a lot of requests for it.M: You said it. People just can't get enough of it.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?长对话1Questions 19-22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.W: Good afternoon, Mr. Jo nes. I am Teresa Chen, and I’ll be interviewing you. How are you today?M: I am fine, thank you. And you, Miss Chen?W: Good, Thanks. Can you tell me something about your experience in this kind of work?M: Well, for several years, I managed a department for the Brownstone Company in Detroit, Michigan. Now I work part time because I also go to school at night. I’m getting a business degree.W: Oh, how interesting. Tell me, why do you want to leave your present job? M: I’ll finish school in a few months, and I’d like a full-time position with more responsibility.W: And why would you like to work for our company?M: Because I know your company’s work and I like it.W: Could you please tell me about your special skills and interests?M: Of course, I’m good at computers and I can speak Spanish. I used to take classes in Spanish at the local college. And I like travelling a lot.W: Can you give me any references?M: Yes, certainly. You can talk to Mr. McCaw, my boss, at the Brownstone Company. I could also give you the names and numbers of several of my teachers. W: All right, Mr. Jones, and would you like to ask me any questions?M: Yes, I wonder when I’ll be i nformed about my application for the job.W: Well, we’ll let you know as soon as possible. Let’s stay in touch. Thank you very much for coming this afternoon.M: Thank you.Questions 19-22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What does the man say about his working experience?20. Why does the man want to leave his present job?21. What is the man interested in?22. What question did the man ask the woman？长对话2Questions 23-25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.M: Lisa, Lisa! Over here, darling! It's wonderful to see you. Oh, Lisa, you look marvelous.W: Oh, Paul, you look tired. Two months away in the capital? Paul, I think you've been working too hard.M: I'm fine. The city is very hot this time of the year. It's good to get back to some fresh air. You know, Lisa, what they say about pregnant women really is true.W: What's that Paul?M: They say they look beautiful.W: Well, I had a lot of tension while you've been studying hard on your course in D.C.M: Oh?W: Oh, don't worry, all from a man over 50. Father has told all his business friends the good news about the baby. And the phone hasn't stopped ringing.M: Oh, look, darling. There's a taxi.W: Paul, tell me about the special project you mentioned on the phone. You sounded very excited about it!M: You know, I've learned a lot from the project. I'm surprised that was still in business.W: That's because we have a wonderful sales manager ——you!M: Thanks. But that's not the problem at all. Lisa, our little company, and it is little compared to the giants in the city. Our little company's in danger. We are out of date.We need to expand. If we don't, we will be swallowed up by one of the giants.Questions 23-25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. What do we learn about Lisa?24. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?25. What does the man say about his company?Section BPassage 1Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.Farmington, Utah, is a more pleasant community since a local girls' 4-H club improved Main Street. Six 4-H girls worked to clean the 72 foot curbside that was covered with weeds, rocks and trash. Each member volunteered to clean up and to dig in plot, five flats of flowers. They also took terms in watering, weeding and maintaining the plot. Participation in this project helped the girls developed a new attitude towards their parents of their own homes; they've learned how to work with tools, and improve their work habits. One mother said that before her daughter was involved in this project, she would not even pour a weed. The experience on Main Street stimulated self-improvement, and encouraged members to take pride in their home grounds and the total community. City officials cooperated with the 4-H members in planting trees, building cooking facilities, pick-me tables, swings and public rest rooms. The 4-H girls planted trees and took care of them during the early stages of growth. The total park project needed more plantings in the following years. Members of the 4-H club agreed to follow the project through to completion, because they receive satisfaction from the results of constructive work. The project is a growing one and is spread from the park to the school and the shopping center. Treesand flowers have all been planted in the shopping center, making the atmosphere pleasant.Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. What do we learn about Main Street in Farmington?27. What do the 4-H club members do about the curbside?28. What have the 4-H girls learned from the project?29. Why do the 4-H girls agree to follow the park project through to complete.Question 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.Passage 2According to a survey on reading conducted in 2001 by the U.S. National Education Association (NEA), young Americans say reading is important, more important than computers and science. Over 50% of the 12 to 18 years old interviewed say they enjoy reading a lot. 79% find it stimulating and interesting. And 87% think it is relaxing. About 68% of those surveyed disagreed with the opinion that reading is boring or old-fashioned.Over half teenagers interviewed said they read more than ten books a year. The results also show that middle school students read more books than high schoolers. Over 66% of teens like to read fiction, such as novels and stories. Over 26% are interested in non-fiction, such history books.64% of students listed reading stories about people my own age. That's a favorite topic. Mysteries and detective stories came second on the list at 53%. Just under 50% said they were interested in reading about their own culture in tradition. Of the teenagers who participated in the survey, 49% said that libraries are where they get most of their books. However, many complain that their school libraries do not have enough up-to-date interesting books and magazines. Even though many teenagers in the US enjoy reading, they still have other interests. When asked which activity would be the most difficult to give up for a week, 48% said listening to music. TV would be difficult to give up for 25% of those surveyed.Question 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. What does the survey on teenager reading show?31. What books are most popular among teenagers according to the survey?32. What activity do teenagers find the most difficult to give up for a week? Passage 2【总评】本篇文章以阅读调查报告为话题，贴近生活，容易理解。
2013年6月大学英语四级考试真题听力
2013年6月大学英语四级考试真题听力The 2013 June College English Test 4 Listening ComprehensionThe 2013 June College English Test 4 Listening Comprehension section is a crucial part of the exam that assesses a student's ability to comprehend and interpret spoken English. The listening comprehension test is designed to evaluate the test-taker's understanding of various types of spoken English, including conversations, lectures, and announcements. In this section, the students are required to demonstrate their ability to grasp the main ideas, supporting details, and overall meaning of the audio recordings.The listening comprehension section of the 2013 June College English Test 4 consists of several parts, each with its own set of questions. The first part usually features a conversation between two or more speakers, followed by several multiple-choice questions that focus on the content of the conversation. The second part may present a short lecture or announcement, and the test-takers are required to answer questions based on the information provided.One of the key challenges in the listening comprehension section isthe need to quickly understand and process the spoken English. The audio recordings are played only once, and the students must be able to comprehend the information in real-time without the opportunity to review or replay the recordings. This requires strong listening skills, solid vocabulary knowledge, and the ability to quickly identify and extract the most relevant information.Another aspect of the listening comprehension section is the need to understand various accents and speaking styles. The audio recordings may feature speakers with different regional or international accents, as well as different speaking rates and intonation patterns. The test-takers must be able to adapt to these variations and still comprehend the overall meaning and key details.To prepare for the 2013 June College English Test 4 listening comprehension section, students should engage in regular listening practice, focusing on a wide range of spoken English materials, such as podcasts, news broadcasts, and educational lectures. They should also familiarize themselves with the format and structure of the test, as well as the types of questions that are typically asked.Additionally, students should work on improving their vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation skills, as these foundational elements of the English language can greatly impact one's ability to comprehend spoken English. Regular practice with sample test questions andexposure to diverse listening materials can also help students develop the necessary strategies and confidence to succeed in the listening comprehension section.In conclusion, the 2013 June College English Test 4 listening comprehension section is a crucial component of the exam that requires students to demonstrate their ability to understand and interpret spoken English. By prioritizing listening practice, developing strong language skills, and familiarizing themselves with the test format, students can increase their chances of achieving a high score and demonstrating their proficiency in the English language.。
2013年6月四级听力真题
W: Simon,could you return the tools I lent you for building the bookshelf last month?M: Oh,well, I hate to tell you this, but I can't seem to find them.Q: Whatdo we learn from the conversation?12.W: I amgoing to Martha's house. I have a paper to complete. And I need to use hercomputer.M: Whydon't you buy one yourself? Think howmuch time you could save.Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?13.W: Daddy,I've decided to give up science and go to business school.M: Well, it is yourchoice as long as you pay your own way, but I should warn you that not everyonewith a business degree will make a successful manager.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?14.W: I justread in the newspaper that The Lord of the Rings is this year's greatest hit. Whydon't we go and see it at the Grand Cinema?M: Don'tyou think that cinema is a little out of the way?Q: Whatdoes the man mean?15.W: Bobsaid that Seattle is a great place for conferences.M: He iscertainly in the position to make that comment. He has been there so often.Q: Whatdoes the man say about Bob?16.W: Mr.Watson, I wonder whether it's possible for me to take a vacation early nextmonth?M: Didyou fill out a request form?Q: Whatis the probable relationship between the two speakers?17.M: Do youwant to go to the lecture this weekend? I hear that the guy who is going todeliver the lecture spent a year living in the rainforest.W: Great,I am doing a report on the rainforest. Maybe I can get some new information toadd to it.Q: Whatdoes the woman mean?18.M: Thisarticle is nothing but advertising for housing developers. I don't think thehouses for sale are half that good.W: Comeon, David. Why so negative? We are thinking of buying a home, aren't we? Just atrip to look at the place won't cost us much.Q: What can be inferredfrom the conversation? Now you will hear the two long conversations. Conversation OneM: OK.Now we'd better make sure you enjoy your studies. We offer a wide range ofoptions on the foundation course, but you can only take five courses. What haveyou selected?W:Physical sciences, basic electronics, art and design CAD...M: Oh,right. CAD and ... English. That's quite strange. Don't you want to do maths, orcomputer programming, for example? Why did you choose art and design?W: Well,I'm interested in electronics and in writing computer games. I'd like toproduce educational software and educational games. I've taught myself a lot ofprogramming. So I don't think I'd benefit much from a foundation level course.M: Oh,no. I see that. Go on, please.W: So, Iwant the basics-the physical science and electronics. I was hopeless at physicsin school and we didn't have electronics. But I was good at maths. I don'tthink I need that.M: Thenwhat about the art and design?W: Thatwill be good for my graphics. I need that to produce games，and CAD too-I've never done CAD before.M: Right.They've got some powerful packages in the computer graphics and CAD offices. Y ou'llenjoy that. Then English. I know your English is very good, but why did youtake it?W: Infact, I don't have any problem in speaking, but my writing is terrible.M: Then Isuggest you join the study skills class. They'll have lectures on reportwriting and that may help you with how to structure your essays and so on.W: Right.That sounds good.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. Whatare the two speakers talking about?20. Whatis the woman's favorite course?21. Why did the woman takean English course?听力长对话原文2Conversation TwoW: Goodmorning, Mr. Johnson. I'm Diana Huston.M: Goodmorning. What can I do for you?W: I'm acollege student. I'm taking a business course which needs three weeks' workexperience. My lecturer, Mr. Armstrong, suggested I contact you as you'veallowed students before to practice in your company. I've brought a letter ofreference from Mr. Armstrong for you.M:Thanks. Y es, our company has a good relationship with the university. We've hadmany students here over the past years. We usually take students who are in thesecond half of their courses. What about you?W: I'malmost at the halfway mark. I've got some exams in two weeks. Then I'll beready to start before the beginning of the second semester. But I thought I'dget this organized before the examsstart.M: That'sa very responsible way of thinking. It's a good idea to get in early. I'm surethere will be many students soon.W: Icould start in three weeks if you like.M: Do youunderstand what's involved in the practice?W: Ithink so. Mr. Armstrong explained the procedures to us. I have to work regularhours, and write a comprehensive report on what I've learnt as an assignmentfor Mr. Armstrong and the personnel department of the company as well. And youwill send a report about my work to Mr. Armstrong and that will also be part ofmy assessment.M: That'sright. But I'll have to discuss this application with the personnel department.And I will let you know as soon as possible if you've been accepted.W: Yes,please. If I'm not accepted, I'll have to apply somewhere else.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22.What'sthe woman's main purpose of the visit?23. Whichkind of students will the company usually accept?24. Whatwould the man do for the woman's practice if she were accepted?25. Whenwill the woman's practice begin?Passage OneIn thenext few decades, people are going to travel very differently from the way theydo today. Everyone is going to drive electrically-powered cars, so in the fewyears, people won't worry about running out of gas. Some of the largeautomobile companies are really moving ahead with this new technology. F&CMotors, a major auto company, for example, is holding a press conference nextweek. After the press conference, the company will present its newelectronically-operated models. Transportation in the future won't be limitedto the ground, many people predict that traffic will quickly move to the sky. Inthe coming years, instead of radio reports about road conditions and highwaytraffic, news reports will talk about traffic jams in the sky. But the skyisn't the limit. In the future, you will probably even be able to take a tripto the moon. Instead of listening to regular airplane announcements, you willhear someone say: the spacecraft to the moon leaves in ten minutes. Please check your equipment. And remember no more than ten ounces of carry-onbaggage are allowed.Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. What will be used to power cars in the next few decades?27. What will future news reports focus on when talking about transportation?28. What will passengers be asked to do when they travel to the moon?Passage TwoCountyfairs are a tradition in New England towns. They offer great entertainment. Onepopular event is the pie-eating contest. If you want to take part in thecontest, it is a good idea to remember these guidelines: first, make sure yourstomach is nearly empty of food. Eating a whole pie can be hard if you havejust finished a meal. Next, it is helpful to like the pie you are going to eat.The cream types are a good choice. They slide down the throat more easily. Placingyour hands in the right position adds to the chances of winning. There is atemptation to reach out and help the eating process. This will result inbecoming disqualified. Don't just sit on your hands, if your hands are tiedbehind your back, you will not be tempted to make use of them. Now you areready to show your talent at eating pies. The object, of course, is to get tothe bottom of the pie plate before the other people. It is usually better tostart at the outside and work toward the middle. This method gives you a goalto focus on. Try not to notice what the other people near you are doing. Letthe cheers from the crowd spur you on. But do not look up. All you should thinkabout is eating that pie.Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you havejust heard.29. Whereis the pie-eating contest usually held?30. Whatshould a person do before entering a pie-eating contest?31. Whereis the person advised to put his hands during the contest?32. Whatsuggestion is offered for eating up the pie quickly?Passage ThreeTheperiod of engagement is the time between the marriage proposal and the weddingceremony. Two people agree to marry when they decide to spend their livestogether. The man usually gives the woman a diamond engagement ring. Thattradition is said to have started when an Austrian man gave a diamond ring tothe woman he wanted to marry. The diamond represented beauty. He placed it onthe third finger of her left hand. He chose that finger because it was thoughtthat the blood vessel in that finger went directly to the heart. Today we knowthat this is not true, yet the tradition continues. Americans generally areengaged for a period of about one year if they are planning a wedding ceremonyand a party. During this time, friends of the bride may hold a partyat whichwomen friends and family members give the bride gifts that she will need as awife. These could include cooking equipment or new clothing. Friends of the manwho is getting married may have a bachelor party for him. This usually takesplace the night before the wedding. Only men are invited to the bachelor party.During the marriage ceremony, the bride and her would-be husband usuallyexchange gold rings that represent the idea that their union will continueforever. The wife often wears both the wedding ring and the engagement ring onthe same finger. The husband wears his ring on the third finger of his lefthand. Many people say the purpose of the engagement period is to permit enoughtime to plan the wedding. But the main purpose is to let enough time pass, sothe two people are sure they want to marry each other. Either person may decideto break the engagement, if this happens, the woman usually returns the ring tothe man. They also return any wedding gifts they have received.Questions33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. Whatwas the diamond ring said to represent?34. Whydid the Austrian man place the diamond ring on the third finger of the lefthand of his would-be wife?35. What is the chiefadvantage of having the engagement period?听力填空In the centerof a big city there are usually dozens of large office buildings that house bigbanks, corporation headquarters, and government agencies. Thousands of peoplework in these buildings. People who do all the office work are calledwhite-collar workers. Secretaries and receptionists, bookkeepers and computeroperators work for many different kinds of companies. Many office workers dreamof working their way up to the top, from clerk to president of a corporation. Theway lies through middle management. Middle management includes juniorexecutives, who may fill specialized jobs, supervise other workers in thecompany, recommend action to top management, or see that the company's policiesare being carried out. At the very top are the senior executives. Theyestablish the polic ies for their own companies, especially financial matters. TheChief Executive Officer, or CEO, of a large corporation has a great deal ofpower and influence. It is believed that one can start out at the bottom and goall the way to the top. Because financial matters are so important, someaccountants become top executives. In companies where technology is important, peoplewith an engineering background can also rise to the top. Nowadays, however,education plays a central part in the selection of people for management jobs. Universitiesin many countries offer courses in business administration. The graduates ofthese courses often start out in middle management jobs. From there, they caneasily get promoted if they show the necessary personality and ability.。
2013年6月英语四级真题
Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.A) Children should be taught to be more careful.B) Children shouldn’t drink so much orange juice.C) There is no need for the man to make such a fuss.D) Timmy should learn to do things in the right way.12.A) Fitness training. B) The new job offer.C) Computer programming. D) Directorship of the club.13. A) He needs to buy a new sweater. B) He has got to save on fuel bills.C) The fuel price has skyrocketed. D) The heating system doesn’t work.14. A) Committing theft. B) Taking pictures.C) Window shopping. D) Posing for the camera.15. A) She is taking some medicine. B) She has not seen a doctor yet.C) She does not trust the man’s advice. D) She has almost recovered from the co ugh.16. A) Pamela’s report is not finished as scheduled.B) Pamela has a habit of doing things in a hurry.C) Pamela is not good at writing research papers.D) Pamela’s mistakes could have been avoided.17. A) In the left-luggage office. B) At the hotel reception.C) In a hotel room. D) At an airport.18. A) She was an excellent student at college. B) She works in the entertainment business.C) She is fond of telling stories in her speech. D) She is good at conveying her message.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Arranging the woman’s appointment with Mr. Romero.B) Fixing the time for the designer’s latest fashion show.C) Talking about an important gathering on Tuesday.D) Preparing for the filming on Monday morning.20. A) Her travel to Japan.B) The awards ceremony.C) The proper hairstyle for her new role.D) When to start the makeup session.21. A) He is Mr. Ro mero’s agent.B) He is an entertainment journalist.C) He is the woman’s assistant.D) He is a famous movie star.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) Make an appointment for an interview.B) Send in an application letter.C) Fill in an application form.D) Make a brief self-introduction on the phone.23. A) Someone having a college degree in advertising.B) Someone experienced in business management.C) Someone ready to take on more responsibilities.D) Someone willing to work beyond regular hours.24. A) Travel opportunities.B) Handsome pay.25. A) It depends on the working hours.B) It’s about 500 pound a week.C) It will be set by the Human Resources.D) It is to be negotiated.Section BDirections:In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) To give customers a wider range of choices.B) To make shoppers see as many items as possible.C) To supply as many varieties of goods as it can.D) To save space for more profitable products.27. A) On the top shelves.B) On the bottom shelves.C) On easily accessible shelves.D) On clearly marked shelves.28. A) Many of them buy things on impulse.B) A few of them are fathers with babies.C) A majority of them are young couples.D) Over 60% of them make shopping lists.29. A) Sales assistants promoting high margin goods.B) Sales assistants following customers around.C) Customers competing for good bargains.D) Customers losing all sense of time.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) Teaching mathematics at a school.B) Doing research in an institute.C) Studying for a college degree.D) Working in a high-tech company.31. A) He studied the designs of various choices.B) He did experiments on different materials.C) He bought an alarm clock with a pig face.D) He asked different people for their opinions.32. A) Its automatic mechanism.B) Its manufacturing process.C) Its way of waking people up.D) Its funny-looking pig face.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) It’s often caused by a change of circumstances.B) It usually doesn’t require any special treatment.C) It usually appears all of a sudden.D) It generally lasts for several years.34. A) They can’t mix well with others.B) They incidentally annoy their friends.C) They depend severely on family members.D) They blame others for dissatisfying their friends.35. A) They lack consistent support from peers.B) They doubt their own popularity.C) They were born psychologically weak.D) They focus too much attention on themselves.There was a time when any personal information that was gathered about us was typed on a piece of paper and (36) ________ away in a file cabinet. It could remain there for years and, often (37) ________, never reach the outside world.Things have done a complete about-face since then. (38) ________ for the change has been the astonishingly (39) ________ development in recent years of the computer. Today, any data that is (40) ________ about us in one place or another — and for one reason or another —can be stored in a computer bank. It can then be easily passed to other computer banks. They are owned by (41) ________ and by private businesses and corporations, lending (42) ________, direct mailing and telemarketing firms, credit bureaus, credit card companies, and government (43) ________ at the local, state, and federal level.A growing number of Americans are seeing the accumulation and distribution of computerized date as a frightening invasion of their privacy. (44) ___________ _________________________________________________________ as the computer becomes increasingly efficient, easier to operate, and less costly to purchase and maintain. In 1970, a national survey showed that (45) ___________________________________________________ _________________. Seven years later, 47 percent expressed the same worry. (46) ____________ ________________________________________________________.Walking, if you do it vigorously enough, is the overall best exercise for regular physical activity. It requires no equipment, everyone knows how to do it and it carries the 47 risk of injury. The human body is designed to walk. You can walk in parks or along a river or in your neighborhood. To get 48 benefit from walking, aim for 45 minutes a day, an average of five days a week.Strength training is another important 49 of physical activity. Its purpose is to build and 50 bone and muscle mass, both of which shrink with age. In general, you will want to do strength training two or three days a week, 51 recovery days between sessions.Finally, flexibility and balance training are 52 important as the body ages. Aches and pains are high on the list of complaints in old age. The result of constant muscle tension and stiffness of joints, many of them are 53 , and simple flexibility training can 54 these by making muscles stronger and keeping joints lubricated (润滑 ). Some of this you do whenever you stretch. If you watch dogs and cats, you’ll get an idea of how natural it is. The general 55 is simple: whenever the body has been in one position for a while, it is good to 56 stretch it in an opposite position.A) allowing F) helping K) preventB) avoidable G) increasingly L) principleC) briefly H) lowest M) provokeD) component I) maintain N) seriouslyE) determined J) maximum O) topicA)Ancient peoples only loosely related to modern Asians crossed the Arctic land bridge to settle America about 15,000 years ago, according to a study offering new evidence that the Western Hemisphere had a more genetically diverse population at a much earlier time than previously thought. The early immigrants most closely resembled the prehistoric Jomon people of Japan and their closest modern descendants, the Ainu, from the Japanese island of Hokkaido, the study said. Both the Jomon and Ainu have skull and facial characteristics more genetically similar to those of Europeans than those of mainland Asians.B)The immigrants settled throughout the hemisphere, and were in place when a second Migration —from mainland Asia—came across the Bering Strait beginning 5,000 years ago and swept southward as far as modern -day Arizona and New Mexico, the study said, The second migration is the genetic origin of today’s Eskimos, Aleuts and the Navajo of the US southwest. The study in today’s edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences adds new evidence to help settle one of anthropology’s(人类学)most controversial debates: Who were the first Americans? And when did they come?C)“When this has been done before, it’s been done from one point of view,” said University of Michigan physical anthropologist C. Loring Brace, who led the team of researchers from the United States, China and Mongolia who wrote the new report. “We try to put together more aspects.” For decades, anthropologists held that the Americas were populated by a single migration from Asia about 11,200 year ago—the supposed age of the earliest of the elegantly crafted, grooved arrowheads first found in the 1930s in Clovis, N. M. By the end of the 1990s, however, the weight of evidence had pushed back the date of the first arrivals several thousand years. A site at Cactus Hill, near Richmond, may be 17,000 years old. In Chile, scientists discovering a 12,500-year-old settlement at Monte Verde have found evidence of a human presence that may extend as far as 30,000 years. But as the migration timetable went on, additional questions have arisen. The 1996 discovery in Kennewick, Washington, of the nearly complete skeleton of a 9,300-year-old man with “apparently Caucasoid” features stimulated interest in the possibility of two or more migrations—including the possible incoming from Europe.D)The new study attempted to answer this question by comparing 21 skull and facial characteristics from more than 10,000 ancient and modern populations in the Western Hemisphere and the Old World. The findings provide strong evidence supporting earlier work suggesting that ancient Americans, like Kennewick Man, were descended from the Jomon, who walked from Japan to the Asian mainland and eventually to the Western Hemisphere on land bridges as the Earth began to warm up about 15,000 years ago at the end of the last Ice Age.E)Brace described these early immigrants as “hunters and gatherers” following herds of mastodon(乳齿象)first into North America, and eventually spreading throughout the hemisphere. Because the North—in both Siberia and Canada—was still extremely cold, only a limited number of people could make the trek(长途跋涉) and survive. So immigration slowed, Brace said, for about 10 millennia(一千年). Then, about 5,000 years ago, agriculture developed on mainland Asia, enabling people to grow, store and carry food in more lonely areas. Movement resumed, but the newcomers were genetically Asians—“distinct racially” from the first wave, Brace added.F)The second wave spread across what is now Canada and came southward, cohabiting(同居) with the earlier settlers and eventually creating the mixed population found by the Spaniardsi n the 15th century. While many researchers agree on the likelihood of two migrations, both their timing and origin are matters of dispute. Brace’s team suggests that both movements occurred after the last Ice Age began to moderate between 14,000 and 15,000 years ago.G)But University of Pennsylvania molecular anthropologist Theodore Schurr said genetic data inAmerican populations suggest that humans may have been in the Western Hemisphere muchearlier —25,000 to 30,000 year ago. This would mean that the first wave came before the “glacial maximum” between 14,000 and 20,000 years ago, when the Ice Age was at its fiercestand “human movement was practically impossible,” Schurr said. “Were there people here beforethe last glacial maximum?” he asked. “The suggestion is ‘Yes’”.H)The third wave arose in the American continent around the year 1000, when a small number ofVikings arrived. Five hundred years later, the great European migration began. In some cases,the co-existence of Europeans and Native Americans was peaceful. In other cases, there werecultural clashes, leading to violence and disease. Many people from Africa, however, werebought here against their will to work as forced laborers in the building of a new nation. Asearly as 1619, slaves from Africa and the Caribbean were brought forcibly to America. Later,102 English colonists (later referred to as the “Pilgrims”) set sail in 1620 on the Mayflower.They landed in Plymouth, Massachusetts. This is generally considered by many to be the“s t a r t”of planned European migration! In 1638, just 18 years after the Mayflower, the Swedes begantheir migration to America. Unlike the Pilgrim Fathers, the Swedes were not religiousopponents—they were an organized group of colonizers sent by the Swedish Government toestablish a colony in Delaware. In 1655, the colony was lost to the Dutch. In the mid-1840s, awave of Swedish migration began with the landing of a group of migrant farmers in New York and continued up to World War I.I)During the colonial era most of the immigrants to the US came from Northern Europe. Theirnumbers declined during the 1770s, but picked up during the mid-1800s.New arrivals camefrom several countries, but mostly from Germany and Ireland where crop failures caused manyto leave their homelands. Other groups also arrived from the Netherlands, Spain, Italy, the Scandinavian countries, and Eastern Europe.46.The anthropologists’ earlier work believes that the Jomon are the ancestors of KennewickMan.47.Only small numbers of early immigrants survived in Canada in that the extreme cold weatherwasn’t suitable for their survival.48.According to a study, Jomon people’s facial features have more genetic similarities toEuropeans’.49.Cultural clashed made people in the American continent sometimes not co-exist in peaceduring the third wave of immigration.50.Before the end of the 1990s, anthropologists held the opinion that the migration from Asiapopulated the Americas about 11,200 years ago.51.Many Irish people immigrated to America because of crop failures in their homeland.52.Many researchers have different opinions about the first two migrations in the aspect of origin and timing.53.The second migration includes the ancestors of today’s Eskimos and the Navajo of the USsouthwest.54.According to Brace, the new immigrants and the first immigrants are totally different in race.55.According to Theodore Schurr, human movement was impossible during the fiercest period ofthe Ice Age.。