2021年6月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案_9
2021年6月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.In the villages of the English countryside there are still people who remember the good old days when no one bothered to lock their doors. There simply wasn’t any crime to worry about. Amazingly, these happy times appear still to be with us in the world’s biggest community. A new study by Dan Farmer, a gifted programmer, using an automated investigative program of his own called SATAN, shows that the owners of well over half of all World Wide Web sites have set up home without fitting locks to their doors.SATAN can try out a variety of well-known hacking (黑客的) tricks on an Internet site without actually breaking in. Farmer has made the program publicly available, amid much criticism.A person with evil intent could use it to hunt down sites that are easy to burgle (闯入…...行窃).But Farmer is very concerned about the need to alert the public to poor security and, so far, events have proved him right. SATAN has done more to alert people to the risks than cause newdisorder. So is the Net becoming more secure? Far from it. In the early days, when you visited a Web site your browser simply looked at the content. Now the Web is full of tiny programs that automatically download when you look at a Web page, and run on your own machine. These programs could, if their authors wished, do all kinds of nasty things to your computer.At the same time, the Net is increasingly populated with spiders, worms, agents and other types of automated beasts designed to penetrate the sites and seek out and classify information. All these make wonderful tools for antisocial people who want to invade weak sites and cause damage.But let’s look on the bright side. Given the lack of locks, the Internet is surely the world’s biggest (almost) crime-free society. Maybe that is because hackers are fundamentally honest. Or that there currently isn’t much to steal. Or because vandalism ( 恶意破坏) isn’t much fun unless you have a peculiar dislike for someone.Whatever the reason, let’s enjoy it while we can. But expect it all to change, and security to become the number one issue, when the most influential inhabitants of the Net are selling services they want to be paid for.21. By saying “... owners of well over half of all World WideWeb sites have set up home without fitting locks to their doors”(Lines 3-4, Para. 2), the author means that ________.A) those happy times appear still to be with usB) there simply wasn’t any crime to worry aboutC) many sites are not well-protectedD) hackers try out tricks on an Internet site without actually breaking in（C）22. SATAN, a program designed by Dan Fanner can be used ________.A) to investigate the security of Internet sitesB) to improve the security of the Internet systemC) to prevent hackers from breaking into websitesD) to download useful programs and information（A）23. Fanner’s program has been criticized by the public because.A) it causes damage to Net browsersB) it can break into Internet sitesC) it can be used to cause disorder on all sitesD) it can be used by people with evil intent（D）24. The author’s attitude toward SATAN is ________.A) enthusiasticB) criticalC) positiveD) indifferent（C）25. The author suggests in the last paragraph that ________.A) we should make full use of the Internet before security measures are strengthenedB) we should alert the most influential businessmen to the importance of securityC) influential businessmen should give priority to the improvement of Net securityD) net inhabitants should not let security measures affect their joy of surfing the InternetQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.I came away from my years of teaching on the college and university level with a conviction that enactment (扮演角色), performance, dramatization are the most successful forms of teaching. Students must be incorporated, made, so far as possible, an integral part of the learning process. The notion that learning should have in it an element of inspired play would seem to the greater part of the academic establishment merely silly, but that is nonetheless the case. Of Ezekiel Cheever, the most famous schoolmaster of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, his onetime student Cotton Mather wrote that he so planned his lessons that his pupils “came to work as thoughthey came to play,” and Alfred North Whitehead, almost three hundred years later, noted that a teacher should make his/her students “glad they were there.”Since, we are told, 80 to 90 percent of all instruction in the typical university is by the lecture method, we should give close attention to this form of education. There is, I think, much truth in Patricia Nelson Limerick’s observation that “lecturing is an unnatural act, an act for which God did not design humans. It is perfectly all right, now and then, for a human to be possessed by the urge to speak, and to speak while others remain silent. But to do this regularly, one hour and 15 minutes at a time... for one person to drag on while others sit in silence?... I do not believe that this is what the Creator... designed humans to do.”The strange, almost incomprehensible fact is that many professors, just as they feel obliged to write dully, believe that they should lecture dully. To show enthusiasm is to risk appearing unscientific, unobjective; it is to appeal to the students’ emotions rather than their intellect. Thus the ideal lecture is one filled with facts and read in an unchanged monotone.The cult (推崇) of lecturing dully, like the cult of writingdully, goes back, of course, some years. Edward Shils, professor of sociology, recalls the professors he encountered at the University of Pennsylvania in his youth. They seemed “a priesthood, rather uneven in their merits but uniform in their bearing; they never referred to anything personal. Some read from old lecture notes and then haltingly explained the thumb-worn last lines. Others lectured from cards that had served for years, to judge by the worn edges... The teachers began on time, ended on time, and left the room without saying a word more to their students, very seldom being detained by questioners... The classes were not large, yet there was no discussion. No questions were raised in class, and there were no office hours.”26. The author believes that a successful teacher should be able to ________.A) make dramatization an important aspect of students’learningB) make inspired play an integral part of the learning processC) improve students’ learning performanceD) make study just as easy as play（B）27. The majority of university professors prefer the traditional way of lecturing in the belief that ________.A) it draws the close attention of the studentsB) it conforms in a way to the design of the CreatorC) it presents course content in a scientific and objective mannerD) it helps students to comprehend abstract theories more easily（C）28. What the author recommends in this passage is that ________.A) college education should be improved through radical measuresB) more freedom of choice should be given to students in their studiesC) traditional college lectures should be replaced by dramatized performancesD) interaction should be encouraged in the process of teaching （D）29. By saying “They seemed ‘a priesthood, rather uneven in their merits but uniform in their bearing...’” (Lines 3-4, Para. 4), the author means that ________.A) professors are a group of professionals that differ in their academic ability but behave in the same wayB) professors are like priests wearing the same kind of black gown but having different roles to playC) there is no fundamental difference between professors and priests though they differ in their meritsD) professors at the University of Pennsylvania used to wear black suits which made them look like priests（A）30. Whose teaching method is particularly commended by the author?A) Ezekiel Cheever’s.B) Cotton Mather’s.C) Alfred North Whitehead’s.D) Patricia Nelson Limerick’s.Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Take the case of public education alone. The principal difficulty faced by the schools has been the tremendous increase in the number of pupils. This has been caused by the advance of the legal age for going into industry and the impossibility of finding a job even when the legal age has been reached. In view of the technological improvements in the last few years, business will require in the future proportionately fewer workers than ever before. The result will be still further raising of he legal age for going into employment, and still further difficulty in finding employment when hat age has beenattained. If we cannot put our children to work, we must put them in school.We may also be quite confident that the present trend toward a shorter day and a shorter week will be maintained. We have developed and shall continue to have a new leisure class. Already the public agencies for adult education are swamped by the tide that has swept over them since depression began. They will be little better off when it is over. Their support must come from the taxpayer.It is surely too much to hope that these increases in the cost of public education can be borne by the local communities. They cannot care for the present restricted and inadequate system. The local communities have failed in their efforts to cope with unemployment. They cannot expect to cope with public education on the scale on which we must attempt it. The answer to the problem of unemployment has been Federal relief. The answer to the problem of public education may have to be much the same, and properly so. If there is one thing in which the citizens of all parts of the country have an interest, it is in the decent education of the citizens of all parts of the country. Our income tax now goes in part to keep our neighbors alive. It may have to go in part as well to make our neighbors intelligent.We are now attempting to preserve the present generation through Federal relief of the destitute (贫民). Only a people determined to ruin the next generation will refuse such Federal funds as public education may require.31. What is the passage mainly about?A) How to persuade local communities to provide more funds.B) How to cope with the shortage of funds for public education.C) How to solve the rising unemployment problem.D) How to improve the public education system.（B）32. What is the reason for the increase in the number of students?A) The requirement of educated workers by business.B) Raising of the legal age for going to work.C) The trend toward a shorter workday.D) People’s concern for the future of the next generation.（B）33. The public agencies for adult education will be little better off because ________.A) the unemployed are too poor to continue their educationB) a new leisure class has developedC) they are still suffering from the depressionD) an increase in taxes could be a problem（D）34. According to the author, the answer to the problem of publiceducation is that the Federal government ________.A) should allocate Federal funds for public educationB) should demand that local communities provide supportC) should raise taxes to meet the needs of public educationD) should first of all solve the problem of unemployment（A）35. Why does the author say “Only a people determined to ruin the next generation will refuse such Federal funds as public education may require” (Lines 10-11, Para. 3)?A) Only by appropriating adequate Federal funds for education can the next generation have a bright future.B) Citizens of all parts of the country agree that the best way to support education is to use Federal funds.C) People all over the country should make contributions to education in the interest of the next generation.D) Educated people are determined to use part of the Federal funds to help the poor.Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.A new high-performance contact lens under development at the department for applied physics at the University of Heidelberg will not only correct ordinary vision defects but will enhance normal night vision as much as five times, making people’svision sharper than that of cats.Bille and his team work with an optical instrument called an active mirror—a device used in astronomical telescopes to spot newly emerging stars and far distant galaxies. Connected to a wave-front sensor that tracks and measures the course of a laser beam into the eye and back, the aluminum mirror detects the deficiencies of the cornea, the transparent protective layer covering the lens of the human eye. The highly precise data from the two instruments—which, Bille hopes, will one day be found at the opticians (眼镜商) all over the world—serve as a basis for the production of completely individualized contact lenses that correct and enhance the wearer’s vision.By day, Bille’s contact lenses will focus rays of light so accurately on the retina （视网膜）that the image of a small leaf or the outline of a far distant tree will be formed with a sharpness that surpasses that of conventional vision aids by almost half a diopter ( 屈光度). At night, the lenses have an even greater potential. “Because the new lens—in contrast to the already existing ones—also works when it’s dark and the pupil is wide open,” says Bille, “lens wearers will be able to identify a face at a distance of 100 meters”—80 meters farther than they would normally be able to see. In hisexperiments night vision was enhanced by an even greater factor: in semi-darkness, test subjects could see up to 15 times better than without the lenses.Bille’s lenses are expected to reach the market in the year 2000, and one tentative plan is to use the Internet to transmit information on patients’ visual defects from the optician to the manufacturer, who will then produce and mail the contact lenses within a couple of days. The physicist expects the lenses to cost about a dollar a pair, about the same as conventional one-day disposable lenses.36. The new contact lens is meant for ________.A) astronomical observationsB) the night blindC) those with vision defectsD) optical experiments（C）37. What do the two instruments mentioned in the second paragraph (Line 5) refer to?A) The astronomical telescope and the wave-front sensor.B) The aluminum mirror and the laser beam.C) The active mirror and the contact lens.D) The aluminum mirror and the wave-front sensor.（D）38. Individualized contact lenses (Line 7, Para. 2) are lensesdesigned ________.A) to work like an astronomical telescopeB) to suit the wearer’s specific needsC) to process extremely accurate dataD) to test the wearer’s eyesight（B）39. According to Bille, with the new lenses the wearer’s vision ________.A) will be far better at night than in the daytimeB) may be broadened about 15 times than without themC) can be better improved in the daytime than at nightD) will be sharper by a much greater degree at night than in the daytime（D）40. Which of the following is true about Bille’s lenses?A) Their production process is complicated.B) They will be sold at a very low price.C) They have to be replaced every day.D) Purchase orders can be made through the Internet.21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. A31. B 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. A36. C 37. D 38. B 39. D 40. D。
2021年6月大学英语六级真题 第二套
2021 年 6 月大学英语六级考试真题(第 2 套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the graph below.You should start your essay with a brief description of the graph and comment onChina's achievements in urbanization. You should write at least 150 words but nomore than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spokenonly once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1 with a single line through the centre.Question 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.A) Weird.B)Efficient.C)Tolerant.D)Toxic.2.A) They are arrogant.B)They are ignorant.C)They are ambitious.D)They are accommodating.3.A) They can think big.B)They can air their views.C)They can break conventions.D)They can work flexible hours.4.A) It can alter people’s mindsets.B)It can lead to new discoveries.C)It enables people to learn and grow.D)It is conducive to critical thinking.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A) He kept looking for the best place to stay.B)He met many tourists from other countries.C)He had a great time sightseeing and relaxing.D)He managed to visit a different city each day.6.A) Prioritize what is essential to their best advantage.B)Stretch out the process in search of the optimal.C)Deliberate the consequences that may occur.D)Take all relevant factors into consideration.7.A) Time pressure.B)Tight budget.C)Modern technology.D)Fierce competition.8.A) Research as many different options as possible.B)Avoid going over the same options repeatedly.C)Focus on what is practical.D)Trust their gut instinct.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I witha single line through the center.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A) It is beneficial to poor as well as rich communities.B)It is conducive to children’s future development.C)It is welcome to parents but not to children.D)It is not of much help to young children.10.A) It may put some students in remote areas at a disadvantage.B)It gives the majority of students ready access to their teachers.C)It effectively improves the learning quality of students in rural areas.D)It can bridge the learning gap between kids of different backgrounds.11.A) Diligent students tend to do their homework independently.B)The focus of homework should always be on school subjects.C)Doing homework exerts a positive effect on kid’s personality development.D)The benefits of doing homework vary widely from individual to individual.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A) It was something he apologized for later.B)It was ridiculed by the New York Times.C)It was a forty-nine-year plan.D)It was considered visionary.13.A) It was of great significance to rocket science.B)It was completed in the state of New Mexico.C)It was somehow delayed about 12 minutes.D)It failed due to a sudden change of weather.14.A) A laboratory and rest range was already set up there.B)Its climate was ideal for year-round rocket launching.C)A weather expert invited him to go there for his mission.D)Its remote valleys were appealing to him and his family.15.A) He won an award from the US government for his work.B)He gained recognition from rocket scientists worldwide.C)He was granted over 200 patents in rocket technology.D)He boosted the military strength of the United States.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, youmust choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then markthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A) It requires entrepreneurial experience.B)It is usually financially rewarding.C)It can be quite frustrating.D)It can be rather risky.17.A) It contributes to rapid business expansion.B)It inspires willingness to make sacrifices.C)It reduces conflict among team members.D)It encourages creation and innovation.18.A) They have unrealistic expectations.B)They often work without any pay.C)Few can find willing investors.D)Many are idealistic dreamers.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A) They have better dietary habits.B)They bear fewer social responsibilities.C)They are born with a stronger ability to socialize.D)They are better able to survive or handle disease.20.A) They have a limited reproductive ability.B)They depend on adequate sleep to thrive.C)They keep dividing throughout one’s life.D)They strengthen with regular exercise.21.A) The process of aging can ultimately be brought under control.B)Improved health care for the elderly will contribute to longevity.C)Prevention of heart disease and stroke will increase life expectancy.D)The resolution of age disease will solve the mystery of aging.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22.A) They are reluctant to follow instructions.B)They fail to answer emails promptly.C)They cannot understand directives.D)They do not show due respect.23.A) They have not been trained to follow the rules.B)They are not satisfied with the management.C)They want to avoid unnecessary losses.D)They find their voice go unheeded.24.A) When they are on good terms with their managers.B)When they find their job goals easily attainable.C)When they find their supervisors helpful.D)When they are financially motivated.25.A) They are a useless tool for managers to change employee behavior.B)They prove to be a good means for managers to give instructions.C)They should be reserved for urgent communication.D)They are seldom used for sharing confidential data.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in thebank more than once.A new study has drawn a bleak picture of cultural inclusiveness reflected in the children’s literature available in Australia. Dr. Helen Adam from Edith Cowan University’s School of Education 26 the cultural diversity of children’s books. She examined the books 27 in the kindergarten rooms of four day-care centers in Western Australia. Just 18 percent of 2,413 books in the total collection contained any 28 of non-white people. Minority cultures were often featured in stereotypical or tokenistic ways, for example, by 29 Asian culture with chopsticks and traditional dress. Characters that did represent a minority culture usually had 30 roles in the books. The main characters were mostly Caucasian. This causes concern as it can lead to an impression that whiteness is of greater value.Dr. Adam said children formed impressions about ‘difference’ and identity from a very young age. Evidence has shown they develop own-race 31 from as young as three months of age. The books we share with young children can be a valuable opportunity to develop children’s understanding of themselves and others. Books can also allow children to see diversity. They discover both similarities and differences between themselves and others. This can help develop understanding, acceptance and 32 of diversity.Census data has shown Australians come from more than 200 countries. They speak over 300 languages at home. Additionally, Australians belong to more than 100 different religious groups. They also work in more than 1,000 different occupations. “ Australia is a multicultural society. The current 33 promotion of white middle-class ideas and lifestyles risks 34 children from minority groups. This can give white middle-class children a sense of 35 or privilege,” Dr. Adam said.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the question by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How Marconi Gave Us the Wireless World[A] A hundred years before iconic figures like Bill Gates and Steve Jobs permeated our lives, anIrish-Italian inventor laid the foundation of the communication explosion of the 21st century.Guglielmo Marconi was arguably the first truly global figure in modern communication. Not only was he the first to communicate globally, he was the first to think globally about communication. Marconi may not have been the greatest inventor of his time, but more than anyone else, he brought about a fundamental shift in the way we communicate.[B] Today’s globally networked media and communication system has its origins in the 19th century,when, for the first time, messages were sent electronically across great distances. The telegraph, the telephone, and radio were the obvious precursors of the Internet, iPods, and mobile phones.What made the link from then to now was the development of wireless communication. Marconi was the first to develop and perfect this system, using the recently-discovered “air waves” that make up the electromagnetic spectrum.[C] Between 1896, when he applied for his first patent in England at the age of 22, and his death inItaly in 1937, Marconi was at the center of every major innovation in electronic communication.He was also a skilled and sophisticated organizer, an entrepreneurial innovator, who mastered the use of corporate strategy, media relations, government lobbying, international diplomacy, patents, and prosecution. Marconi was really interested in only one thing: the extension of mobile, personal, long-distance communication to the ends of the earth (and beyond, if we can believe some reports). Some like to refer to him as a genius, but if there was any genius to Marconi it was this vision.[D] In 1901 he succeeded in signalling across the Atlantic, from the west coast of England toNewfoundland in the USA, despite the claims of science that it could not be done. In 1924 heconvinced the British government to encircle the world with a chain of wireless stations using the latest technology that he had devised, shortwave radio. There are some who say Marconi lost his edge when commercial broadcasting came along; he didn’t see that radio could or should be used to frivolous（无聊的）ends. In one of his last public speeches, a radio broadcast to the United States in March 1937, he deplored that broadcasting had become a one-way means of communication and foresaw it moving in another direction, toward communication as a means of exchange. That was visionary genius.[E] Marconi’s career was devoted to making wireless communication happen cheaply, efficiently,smoothly, and with an elegance that would appear to be intuitive and uncomplicated to the user—user-friendly, if you will. There is a direct connection from Marconi to today’s social media, search engines, and program streaming that can best be summed up by an admittedly provocative exclamation: the 20th century did not exist. In a sense, Marconi’s vision jumped from his time to our own.[F] Marconi invented the idea of global communication—or, more straightforwardly, globallynetworked, mobile, wireless communication. Initially, this was wireless Morse code telegraphy （电报通讯）, the principal communication technology of his day. Marconi was the first to develop a practical method for wireless telegraphy using radio waves. He borrowed technical details from many sources, but what set him apart was a self-confident vision of the paradigm- shifting power of communication technology on the one hand, and, on the other, of the steps that needed to be taken to consolidate his own position as a player in that field. Tracing Marconi’s lifeline leads us into the story of modern communication itself. There were other important figures, but Marconi towered over them all in reach, power, and influence, as well as in the grip he had on the popular imagination of his time. Marconi was quite simply the central figure in the emergence of a modern understanding of communication.[G] In his lifetime, Marconi foresaw the development of television and the fax machine, GPS, radar,and the portable hand-held telephone. Two months before he died, newspapers were reporting that he was working on a “death ray,” and that he had “killed a rat with an intricate device at a distance of three feet.” By then, anything Marconi said or did was newsworthy. Stock prices rose or sank according to his pronouncements. If Marconi said he thought it might rain, there was likely to be a run on umbrellas.[H] Marconi’s biography is also a story about choices and the motivations behind them. At one level,Marconi could be fiercely autonomous and independent of the constraints of his own social class.On another scale, he was a perpetual outsider. Wherever he went, he was never “of” the group;he was always the “other,” considered foreign in Britain, British in Italy, and “not American” in the United States. At the same time, he also suffered tremendously from a need for acceptance that drove, and sometimes tarnished, every one of his relationships.[J] Marconi placed a permanent stamp on the way we live. He was the first person to imagine a practical application for the wireless spectrum, and to develop it successfully into a global communication system—in both terms of the word; that is, worldwide and all-inclusive. He was able to do this because of a combination of factors—most important, timing and opportunity—but the single-mindedness and determination with which he carried out his self-imposed mission was fundamentally character-based; millions of Marconi’s contemporaries had the same class, gender, race, and colonial privilege as he, but only a handful did anything with it. Marconi needed to achieve the goal that was set in his mind as an adolescent; by the time he reached adulthood, he understood, intuitively, that in order to have an impact he had to both develop an independent economic base and align himself with political power. Disciplined, uncritical loyalty to political power became his compass for the choices he had to make.[J] At the same time, Marconi was uncompromisingly independent intellectually. Shortly after Marconi’s death, the nuclear physicist Enrico Fermi—soon to be the developer of the Manhattan Project—wrote that Marconi proved that theory and experimentation were complementary features of progress. “Experience can rarely, unless guided by a theoretical concept, arrive at results of any great significance… on the other hand, an excessive trust in theoretical conviction would have prevented Marconi from persisting in experiments which were destined to bring about a revolution in the technique of radio-communications.” In other words, Marconi had the advantage of not being burdened by preconceived assumptions.[K] The most controversial aspect of Marconi’s life—and the reason why there has been no satisfying biography of Marconi until now—was his uncritical embrace of Benito Mussolini. At first this was not problematic for him. But as the regressive（倒退的）nature of Mussolini’s regime became clear, he began to suffer a crisis of conscience. However, after a lifetime of moving within the circles of power, he was unable to break with authority, and served Mussolini faithfully (as president of Italy’s national research council and royal academy, as well as a member of the Fascist Grand Council) until the day he died—conveniently—in 1937, shortly before he would have had to take a stand in the conflict that consumed a world that he had, in part, created.36.Marconi was central to our present-day understanding of communication.37.As an adult, Marconi had an intuition that he had to be loyal to politicians in order to be influential.38.Marconi disapproved of the use of wireless communication for commercial broadcasting.39.Marconi’s example demonstrates that theoretical concepts and experiments complement each other in making progress in science and technology.40.Marconi’s real interests lay in the development of worldwide wireless communication.41.Marconi spent his whole life making wireless communication simple to use.42.Because of his long-time connection with people in power, Marconi was unable to cut himself off from the fascist regime in Italy.43.In his later years, Marconi exerted a tremendous influence on all aspects of people’s life.44.What connected the 19th century and our present time was the development of wireless communication.45.Despite his autonomy, Marconi felt alienated and suffered from a lack of acceptance.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Humans are fascinated by the source of their failings and virtues. This preoccupation inevitably leads to an old debate: whether nature or nurture moulds us more. A revolution in genetics has poised this as a modern political question about the character of our society: if personalities are hard-wired into our genes, what can governments do to help us? It feels morally questionable, yet claims of genetic selection by intelligence are making headlines.This is down to “hereditarian” (遗传论的) science and a recent paper claimed “differences in exam performance between pupils attending selective and non-selective schools mirror the genetic differences between them”. With such an assertion, the work was predictably greeted by a lot of absurd claims about “genetics determining academic success”. What the research revealed was the rather less surprising result: the educational benefits of selective schools largely disappear once pupils' inborn ability and socio-economic background were taken into account. It is a glimpse of the blindingly obvious-and there's nothing to back strongly either a hereditary or environmental argument.Yet the paper does say children are “unintentionally genetically selected” by the school system. Central to hereditarian science is a tall claim: that identifiable variations in genetic sequences can predict an individual’s aptness to learn, reason and solve problems. This is problematic on many levels. A teacher could not seriously tell a parent their child has a low genetic tendency to study when external factors clearly exist. Unlike-minded academics say the inheritability of human traits is scientifically unsound. At best there is a weak statistical association and not a causal link between DNA and intelligence. Yet sophisticated statistics are used to create an intimidatory atmosphere ofscientific certainty.While there’s an undoubted genetic basis to individual difference, it is wrong to think that socially defined groups can be genetically accounted for. The fixation on genes as destiny is surely false too. Medical predictability can rarely be based on DNA alone; the environment matters too. Something as complex as intellect is likely to be affected by many factors beyond genes. If hereditarians want to advance their cause it will require more balanced interpretation and not just acts of advocacy.Genetic selection is a way of exerting influence over others, "the ultimate collective control of human destinies, “as writer H.G.Wells put it. Knowledge becomes power and power requires a sense of responsibility. In understanding cognitive ability, we must not elevate discrimination to a science: allowing people to climb the ladder of life only as far as their cells might suggest. This will need a more sceptical eye on the science.As technology progresses,we all have a duty to make sure that we shape a future that we would want to find ourselves in.46.What did a recent research paper claim?A)The type of school students attend makes a difference to their future.B)Genctic differences between students are far greater than supposed.C)The advantages of selective schools are too obvious to ignore.D)Students' academic performance is determined by their genes.47.What does the author think of the recent research?A)Its result was questionable.B)Its implication was positive.C)Its influence was rather negligible.D)Its conclusions were enlightening.48.What does the author say about the relationship between DNA and intelligence?A)It is one of scientific certainty.B)It is not one of cause and effect.C)It is subject to interpretation of statistics.D)It is not fully examined by gene scientists.49.What do hereditarians need to do to make their claims convincing?A)Take all relevant factors into account in interpreting their data.B)Conduct their research using more sophisticated technology.C)Gather gene data from people of all social classes.D)Cooperate with social scientists in their research.50.What does the author warn against in the passage?A)Exaggerating the power of technology in shaping the world.B)Losing sight of professional ethics in conducting research.C)Misunderstanding the findings of human cognition research.D)Promoting discrimination in the name of science.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Nicola Sturg eon’s speech last Tuesday setting out the Scottish government’s legislative programme for the year ahead confirmed what was already pretty clear. Scottish councils are set to be the first in the UK with the power to levy charges on visitors, with Edinburgh likely to lead the way.Tourist taxes are not new. The Himayalan kingdom of Bhutan has a longstanding policy of charging visitors a daily fee. France’s taxe de séjour on overnight stays was introduced to assist thermal spa（温泉）towns to develop, and around half of French local authorities use it today.But such levies are on the rise. Moves by Barcelona and Venice to deal with the phenomenon of “over-tourism” through the use of charges have recently gained prominence. Japan and Greece are among the countries to have recently introduced tourist taxes.That the UK lags behind is due to our weak, by international standards, local government, as well as the opposition to taxes and regulation of our aggressively pro-market ruling party. Some UK cities have lobbied without success for the power to levy a charge on visitors. Such levies are no universal remedy as the amounts raised would be tiny compared with what has been taken away by central government since 2010. Still, it is to be hoped that the Scottish government's bold move will prompt others to act. There is no reason why visitors to the UK, or domestic tourists on holiday in hotspots such as Cornwall, should be exempt from taxation-particularly when vital local services including waste collection, park maintenance and arts and culture spending are under unprecedented strain.On the contrary, compelling tourists to make a financial contribution to the places they visit beyond their personal consumption should be part of a wider cultural shift. Westerners with disposable incomes have often behaved as if they have a right to go wherever they choose with little regard for the consequences. Just as the environmental harm caused by aviation and other transport must come under far greater scrutiny, the social cost of tourism must also be confronted. This includes the impact of short-term lets on housing costs and quality of life for residents. Several European capitals, including Paris and Berlin, are leading a campaign for tougher regulation by theEuropean Union. It also includes the impact of overcrowding, liter and the kinds of behaviour associated with noisy parties.There is no"one size fits all"solution to this problem. The existence of new revenue streams for some but not all councils is complicated, and businesses are often opposed, fearing higher costs will make them uncompetitive. But those places that want them must be given the chance to make tourist taxes work.51.What do we learn from Nicola Sturgeon's speech?A)The UK is set to adjust its policy on taxation.B)Tourists will have to pay a tax to visit Scotland.C)The UK will take new measures to boost tourism.D)Edinburgh contributes most to Scotland's tourism.52.How come the UK has been slow in imposing the tourist tax?A)Its government wants to attract more tourists.B)The tax is unlikely to add much to its revenue.C)Its ruling party is opposed to taxes and regulation.D)It takes time for local governments to reach consensus.53.Both international and domestic visitors in the UK should pay tourist tax so as to .A)elevate its tourism to international standardsB)improve the welfare of its maintenance workersC)promote its cultural exchange with other nationsD)case its financial burden of providing local services54.What does the author say about Western tourists?A)They don't seem to care about the social cost of tourism.B)They don't seem to mind paying for additional services.C)They deem travel an important part of their life.D)They subject the effects of tourism to scrutiny.55.What are UK people's opinions about the levy of tourist tax?A)Supportive.B)Skeptical.C)Divided.D)Unclear.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.云南是位于中国西南的一个省，平均海拔1500米。
2021年6月六级答案完整版
Part I Writing 原则版 My opinion on certificate craze The growing tendency among college students to get all kinds of certificates has now evolved into a craze. Just randomly ask a student what he or she is busily engaged in doing，quite possibly，you would get the answer that he or she is preparing for a certificate of some kind. So，why's the craze?
The reason behind this phenomenon is common — the enormous pressure of finding a job. Faced with a harsh job market，most students have no choice but to seek more certificates to parlay their qualifications. Another factor is that diploma and certificates still weighs heavily in terms of signifying one's ability. For the sake of increasing their odds of landing a better job，the students are compelled to run from one exam to another.
Though I have an open mind toward the craze on certificates，I suggest that students should be more rational when it comes to certificates，since they do not necessarily tell their ability. Instead，they should be more involved in learning and capability boosting，thus，opportunities would come quite naturally.
2021年6月英语六级真题及答案解析第一套全
Part I 2021 � 6 JJ *�#f itf:T\��ist:J U!< �).Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the graph below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the graph and comment on China's achievements in urbanization. You should write at least 150 words but no more than200 words.Degree of urbanization in China from 1980 to 201970%60%.J50%'a140%J 30%10% 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019Part n: Listening Comprehension ( 30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best (Jnswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.A) He is going to leave his present job.B)He is going to attend a job interview.C)He will meet his new manager in two weeks.D)He will tell the management how he really feels.2.A) It should be carefully analyzed.C)It can be quite useful to senior managers.B)It should be kept private.D)It can improve interviewees' job prospects.3.A) It may do harm to his fellow employees.B)It may displease his immediate .superiors.C)It may adversely affect his future career prospects.D)It may leave a negative impression on the interviewer./\� 2021 � 6 A 14.A) Pour out his frustrations on a rate-your-employer website.B)Network with his close friends to find a better employer.C)Do some practice for the exit interview.D)Prepare a comprehensive exit report.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A) Her career as a botanist.C)Her month-long expedition.B)Her latest documentary.D)Her unsuccessful journey.6.A) She was caught in a hurricane.C)She suffered from water shortage.B)She had to live like a vegetarian.D)She had to endure many hardships.7.A) They could no longer bear the humidity.C)A flood was approaching.B)They had no more food in the canoe.D)A hurricane was coming.8.A) It was memorable.C)It was fruitful.B)It was unbearable.D)It was uneventful.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage , you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question , you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A) It ensures the accuracy of their arguments.C)It hurts laymen's dignity and self-esteem.B)It diminishes laymen's interest in science.D)It makes their expressions more explicit.10.A) They will see the complexity of science.C)They tend to disbelieve the actual science.B)They feel great respect towards scientists.D)They can learn to communicate with scientists.11. A) Explain all the jargon terms.C)Find appropriate topics.B)Do away with jargon terms.D)Stimulate their interest.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A) There were oil deposits below a local gassy hill.B)The erupting gas might endanger local children.C) There was oiHeakage-along the Gulf Coast.D)The local gassy hill might start a huge fire.13.A) The massive gas underground.B)Their lack of the needed skill.14.A) It was not as effective as he claimed.B)It rendered many oil workers jobless.15.A) It ruined the state's cotton and beef industries.B)It totally destroyed the state's rural landscape. Section C C)Their lack of suitable tools.D)The sand under the hill.C)It gave birth to the oil drilling industry.D)It was not popularized until years later.C)It resulted in an oil surplus all over the world.D)It radically transformed the state's economy.Directions: In this section ,you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once .After you hear a question , you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A) Insufficient motivation.C)Unsuitable jobs.B)Tough regulations.D)Bad managers.17.A) Ineffective training.C)Overburdening of managers.B)Toxic company culture.D)Lack of regular evaluation./'\� 2021 6 J:J 218.A) It was based only on the perspective of employees.B)It provided meaningful clues to solving the problem.C)It was conducted from frontline managers' point of view.D)It collected feedback from both employers and employees.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A) It is expanding at an accelerating speed.C)It is yielding an unprecedented profit.B)It is bringing prosperity to the region.D)It is seeing an automation revolution.20.A) It creates a lot of new jobs.B)It exhausts res<;mrces sooner.C)It causes conflicts between employers and employees.D)It calls for the retraining of unskilled mining workers.21.A) They will wait to see its effect.C)They accept it with reservations.B)They welcome it with open arms.D)They are strongly opposed to it.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22.A) They have experienced a gradual decline since the year of 2017.B)Their annual death rate is about twice that of the global average.C)They kill more people than any infectious disease.D)Their cost to the nation's economy is incalculable.23.A) They are not as reliable as claimed.B)They rise and fall from year to year.C)They don't reflect the changes in individual countries.D)They show a difference between rich and poor nations.24.A) Many of them are investing heavily in infrastructure.B)Many of them have seen a decline in road-death rates.C)Many of them are following the example set by Thailand.D)Many of them have increasing numbers of cars on the road.25.A) Foster better driving behavior.C)Provide better training for drivers.B)Abolish all outdated traffic rules.D)Impose heavier penalties on speeding.Part JI[Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once .A new study has drawn a bleak picture of cultural inclusiveness reflected in the children's literature available in Australia. Dr. Helen Adam from Edith Cowan University's School of Education 26 the cultural diversity of children's books. She examined the books 27 in the kindergarten rooms of four day-'care centers in Western Australia. Just 18 percent of 2,413 books in the total collection contained any28 of non�white people. Minority cultures were often featured in stereotypical or tokenistic ways, for example, by 29 Asian culture with chopsticks and traditional dress. Characters that did represent a minority culture usually had 30 roles in the books. The main characters were mostly Caucasian. This causes concern as it can lead to an impression that whiteness is of greater value.Dr. Adam said children formed impressions about 'difference' and identity from a very young age. Evidence has shown they develop own-race .31 from as young as three months of age. The books we/\f& 2021 6 Jj 3share with young children can be a valuable opportunity to develop children's understanding of themselves and others. Books can also allow children to see diversity. They discover both similarities and differences between themselves and others. This can help develop understanding, acceptance and� of diversity.Census data has shown Australians come from more than 200 countries. They speak over 300 languages at home. Additionally, Australians belong to more than 100 different religious groups. They also work in more than 1, OOO different occupations. "Australia is a multicultural society. The current --1!_ promotion of white middle-class ideas and lifestyles risks _li__ children from minority groups. This can give white middle-class children a sense of 35 or privilege," Dr. Adam said.A)alienatingB)appreciationC)biasD)fraudE)housed Section BF)investigatedG)overwhelmingH)portrayingI)representation·J) safeguardedK)' secondaryL)superiorityM)temperamentN)tentative0)thresholdDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter . Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How Marconi Gave Us the Wireless WorldA)A hundred years before iconic figures like Bill Gates and Steve Jobs permeated our lives, an IrishItalian inventor laid the foundation of the communication explosion of the 21st century. Guglielmo Marconi was arguably the first truly global figure in modern communication. Not only was he the first to communicate globally, he was the first to think globally about communication. Marconi may not have been the greatest inventor of his time, but more than anyone else, he brought about a fundamental shift in the way we communicate.B)Today's globally networked media and conimunication system has its origins in the 19th century, when,for the first time, messages were sent electronically across great distances. The telegraph, the -telephone, and radio were the obvious predecessors of the-Internet, -iPotls, and-mobile phones. What made the link from then to now was the development of wireless communication. Marconi was the first to develop and perfect this system, using the recently-discovered "air waves" that make up the electromagnetic spectrum.C)Between 1896, when he applied for his first patent in England at the age of 22, and his death in Italyin 1937, Marconi was at the center of every major innovation in electronic communication. He was also a skilled and sophisticated organizer, an entrepreneurial innovator, who mastered the use of corporate strategy, media relations, government lobbying, international diplomacy, patents, and prosecution. Marconi was really interested in only one thing: the extension of mobile, personal, longdistance communication to the ends of the earth ( a nd beyond, if we can believe some reports) . Some like to refer to him as a genius, but if there was any genius to Marconi it was this vision.D)In 1901 he succeeded in signaling across the Atlantic, from the west coast of England to Newfoundlandin the USA, despite the claims of science that it could not be done. In 1924 he convinced the British government to encircle the world with a chain of wireless stations using the latest technology that he had devised, shortwave radio. There are some who say Marconi lost his edge when commercial broadcasting came along; he didn't see that radio could or should be used to frivolous (::JGJMJ(ID) ends.In one of his last public speeches, a radio broadcast to the United States in March 1937, he deplored that broadcasting had become a one-way means of communication and foresaw it moving in another'*� 2021 � 6 J=1 4direction, toward communication as a means of exchange. That was visionary genius.E)Marconi's career was devoted to making wireless communication happen cheaply, efficiently,smoothly, and with an elegance that would appear to be intuitive and uncomplicated to the user-userfriendly, if you will. There is a direct connection from Marconi to today's social media, search engines, and program streaming that can best be summed up by an admittedly provocative exclamation: the 20th century did not exist. In a sense, Marconi's vision jumped from his time to our own.F)Marconi invented the idea of global communication-or, more straightforwardly, globally networked,mobile, wireless communication. Initially, this was wireless Morse code telegraphy ( It �fiBm. i-tU , the principal communication technology of his day. Marconi was the first to develop a practical method for wireless telegraphy using radio waves. He borrowed technical details from many sources, but what set him apart was a self-confident vision of the power of communication technology on the one hand, and, on the other, of the steps that needed to be taken to consolidate his own position as a player in that field. Tracing Marconi's lifeline leads us into the story of modern communication itself. There were other important figures, but Marconi towered over them all in reach, power, and influence, as well as in the grip he had on the popular imagination of his time. Marconi was quite simply the central figure in the emergence of a modern understanding of communication.G)In his lifetime, Marconi foresaw the development of television and the fax machine, GPS, radar, andthe portable hand-held telephone. Two months before he died, newspapers were reporting that he was working on a "death ray," and that he had "killed a rat with an intricate device at a distance of three feet." By then, anything Marconi said or did was newsworthy. Stock prices rose or sank according to his pronouncements. If Marconi said he thought it might rain, there was likely to be a run on umbrellas.H)Marconi's biography is also a story about choices and the motivations behind them. At one level,Marconi could be fiercely autonomous and independent of the constraints of his own social class. On another scale, he was a perpetual outsider. Wherever he went, he was never "of" the group; he. was always the "other," considered foreign in Britain, British in Italy, and "not American" in the United States. At the same time, he also suffered tremendously from a need for acceptance that drove, and sometimes stained, every one of his relationships.I)Marconi placed a permanent stamp on the way we live. He was the first person to imagine a practicalapplication for the wireless spectrum, and to develop it successfully into a global communication system-in both terms of the word; that is, worldwide and all-inclusive. He was able to do this because of a combination of factors-most important, timing and opportunity-but the single-mindedness and determination with which he carried out his self-imposed mission was fundamentally character-based;millions of Marconi's contemporaries had the same class, gender, race, and colonial privilege as he, but only a handful did anything with it. Marconi needed to achieve the goal that was set in his mind as an adolescent; by the time he reached adulthood, he understood, intuitively, that in order to have an impact he had to both develop an independent economic base and align himself with political power.Disciplined, uncritical loyalty to political power became his compass.for the choices he had to make. J)At the same time, Marconi was uncompromisingly independent intellectually. Shortly after Marconi's death, the nuclear physicist Enrico Fermi-soon to be the developer of the Manhattan Project-wrote that Marconi proved that theory and experimentation were complementary features of progress."Experience can rarely, unless guided by a theoretical concept, arrive at results of any great significance ... o n the other hand, an excessive ·trust in theoretical conviction would have prevented Marconi from persisting in experiments which were destined t0 bring about a revolution in the technique of radio-communications." In other words, Marconi had the advantage of not being burdened by preconceived assumptions./\� 2021 6 Jl 5K)The most controversial aspect of Marconi's life-and the reason why there has been no satisfying biography of Marconi until now-was his uncritical embrace of Benito Mussolini. At first this was not problematic for him. But as the regressive ( fftliJH1g) nature of Mussolini's ·regime became clear, he began to suffer a crisis of conscience. However, after a lifetime of moving within the circles of power, he was unable to break with authority, and served Mussolini faithfully ( as president of Italy's national research council and royal academy, as well as a member of the Fascist Grand Council) until the day he died-conveniently-in 1937, shortly before he would have had to take a stand in the conflict that consumed a world that he had, in part, created.36.Marconi was central to our present-day understanding of communication.37.As an adult, Marconi had an intuition that he had to be loyal to politicians in order to be influential.38.Marconi disapproved of the use of wireless communication for commercial broadcasting.39.Marconi's example demonstrates that theoretical concepts and experiments complement each other inmaking progress in science and technology.40.Marconi's real interest lay in the development of worldwide wireless communication:41.Marconi spent his whole life making wireless communication simple to use.42.Because of his long-time connection with people in power, Marconi was unable to cut himself off fromthe fascist regime in Italy.43.In his later years, Marconi exerted a tremendous influence on all aspects of people's life.44.What connected the 19th century and our present time was the development of wirelesscommunication.45.Despite his autonomy, Marconi felt alienated and suffered from a lack of acceptance.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Humans are fascinated by the source of their failings and virtues. This preoccupation inevitably leads to an old debate: whether nature or nurture moulds us more. A revolution in genetics has poised this as a modern political question about the character of our society: personalities are hard-wired into our genes' what can governments do to help us? It feels morally questionable, yet claims of genetic selection by intelligence are making headlines.This is down to" h ereditarian" CilH�itag) science and a recent paper claimed "differences in exam performance between pupils attending selective and non-selective schools mirror the genetic differences between them". With such an assertion, the work was predictably greeted by a lot of absurd claims about "genetics determining academic success". What the research revealed was the rather less surprising result: the educational benefits of selective schools largely disappear once pupils' inborn ability and socioeconomic background were taken into account. It is a glimpse of the blindingly obvious-and there's nothing to back strongly either a hereditary or environmental argument.Yet the paper does say children are "unintentionally genetically selected" by the school system. Central to hereditarian science is a tall claim: that identifiable variations in genetic sequences can predict an individual's aptness to learn, reason and solve problems. This is problematic on many levels. A teacher could not seriously tell a parent their child has a low genetic tendency to study when external factors clearly exist. Unlike-minded academics say the inheritability of human traits is scientifically unsound. At best there is a weak statistical association and not a causal link between DNA and intelligence. Yet sophisticated statistics are used to create an intimidatory atmosphere of scientific certainty.While there's an undoubted genetic basis to individual difference, it is wrong to think that socially*� 2021 6 J=i 6defined groups can be genetically accounted for. The fixation on genes as destiny is surely false too. Medical predictability can rarely be based on DNA alone; the environment matters too. Something as complex as intellect is likely to be affected by many factors beyond genes. If hereditarians want to advance their cause it will require more balanced interpretation and not just acts. of advocacy.Genetic selection is a way of exerting influence over others, "the ultimate collective control of human destinies," as writer H. G. Wells put it. Knowledge becomes power and power requires a sense of responsibility. In understanding cognitive ability, we must not elevate discrimination to a science; allowing people to climb the ladder of life only as far as their cells might suggest. This will need a more sceptical eye on the science. As technology progresses, we all have a duty to make sure that we shape a future that we would want to find ourselves in.46.What did a recent research paper claim?A)The type of school students attend makes a difference to their future.B)Genetic differences between students are far greater than supposed.C)The advantages of selective schools are too obvious to ignore.D)Students' academic performance is determined by their genes.4 7. What does the author think of the recent research?A)Its result was questionable.C) Its influence was rather negligible.B)Its implication was positive.D)Its conclusions were enlightening.48.What does the author say about the relationship between DNA and intelligence?A)It is one of scientific certainty.C)It is subject to interpretation of statistics.B)It is not one of cause and effect.D)It is not fully examined by gene scientists.49.What do hereditarians need to do to make their claims convincing?A)Take all relevant factors into account in interpreting their data.B)Conduct their research using more sophisticated technology.C)Gather gene data from people of all social classes.D)Cooperate with social scientists in their research.50.What does the author warn against in the passage?A)Exaggerating the power of technology in shaping the world.B)Losing sight of professional ethics in conducting research.C)Misunderstanding the findings of human cognition research.D)Promoting discrimination in the name of science.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to SS are based on the following passage.Nicola Sturgeon's speech last Tuesday setting out the Scottish government's legislative programme for the year ahead confirmed what was already pretty clear. Scottish councils are set to be the first in the UK with the power to levy charges on visitors, with Edinburgh likely to lead the way.Tourist taxes are not new. The Himayalan kingdom of Bhutan has a longstanding policy of charging visitors a daily fee. France's tax on overnight stays was introduced to assist thermal spa (t'lffi.jj l) towns to develop, and around half of French local authorities use it today.But such levies are on the rise. Moves by Barcelona and Venice to deal with the phenomenon of "over-tourism" through the use of charges have recently gained prominence. Japan and Greece are among the countries to have recently introduced tourist taxes.That the UK lags behind �s due to our weak, by international standards, local government, as well as the opposition to taxes and regulation of our aggressively pro-market ruling party. Some UK cities have lobbied without success for the power to levy a charge on visitors. Such levies are no universal remedy as the amounts raised would be tiny compared with what has been taken away by central government since*� 2021 6 }3 72010. Still, it is to be hoped that the Scottish government's bold move will prompt others to act. There isno reason why visitors to the UK, or domestic tourists on holiday in hotspots such as Cornwall, should be exempt from taxation-particularly when vital local services including waste collection, park maintenance and arts and culture spending are under unprecedented strain.On the contrary, compelling tourists to make a financial contribution to the places they visit beyond their personal consumption should be part of a wider cultural shift. Westerners with disposable incomes have often behaved as if they have a right to go wherever they choose with little regard for the consequences. Just as the environmental harm caused by aviation and other transport must come under far greater scrutiny, the social cost of tourism must also be confronted. This includes the impact of short-term lets on housing costs and quality of life for residents. Several European capitals, including Paris and Berlin, are leading a campaign for tougher regulation by the European Union. It also includes the impact of overcrowding, litter and the kinds of behaviour associated with noisy parties.There is no "one size fits all" solution to this problem. The existence of new revenue streams for some but not all councils is complicated, and businesses are often opposed, fearing higher costs will make them uncompetitive. But those places that want them must be given the chance to make tourist taxes work.51.What do we learn from Nicola Sturgeon's speech?A)The UK is set to adjust its policy on taxation.B)Tourists will have to pay a tax to visit Scotland.C)The UK will take new measures to boost tourism.D)Edinburgh contributes most to Scotland's tourism.52.How come the UK has been slow in imposing the tourist tax?A)Its government wants to attract more tourists.B)The tax is unlikely to add much to its revenue.C)Its ruling party is opposed to taxes and regulation.D)It takes time for local governments to reach consensus.53.Both international and domestic visitors in the UK should pay tourist tax so as to ___ _A)elevate its tourism to international standardsB)improve the welfare of its maintenance workersC)promote its cultural exchange with other nationsD)ease its financial burden of providing local services54, What does the author sa-y about Western tourists?A)They don't seem to care about the social cost of tourism.B)They don't seem to mind paying for additional services.C) They deem travel an important part of their life.D) They subject the effects of tourism to scrutiny.55.What are UK people's opinions about the levy of tourist tax?A)Supportive.B)Skeptical.C)Divided. Part N Translation ( 30 minutes) D)Unclear.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2 .--�«�����*�•-*•'�&�*�·--��filo··· ,m JE,���¥-r ,ffl.*�1Ji' ,m7.J<Ylti'ft L*�?tmiX1UL:P..�&ffflS��vlc� 131c?fr�:fll!��EJr, ffif Wftff 1g * ��Im*:m��Jt@Jf!Jff!. ,4ff&ffflS�s! T*:ffl:*1Hhf�om *1988 &f �i/�" LlHtE , �� �, �fij} _�!L � �ii* r:.ill(lS i�L��, � * �ltfE-� 1i#JH:HJHf fiL :(£ * �����mA��*h���,--���*�•*�§wffi����o/\� 2021 6 fj 8。
2021年6月英语六级A卷真题及答案(WORD版)
2021年6月英语六级A卷真题及答案（WORD版）2021年6月23日大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷(A卷)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitledShould One Expect a Reward When Doing a Good Deed? You should write atleast 150 words following the outline given below. 1. 有人做好事期望得到回报；2. 有人认为应该像雷锋那样做好事不图回报；3. 我的观点。
Should One Expect a Reward When Doing a Good Deed? Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-4, markY (for YES) N (for NO)NG (for NOT GIVEN)if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; if statement contradicts the information given in the passage; if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 5-10, complete the sentences with the information given inthe passage. Seven Steps to a More Fulfilling JobMany people today find themselves in unfulfilling work situations. In fact, one in four workers is dissatisfied with their current job, according to the recent �DPlans for 2021‖ survey. Their career path may be financially rewarding, but it doesn’t meet their emotional, social or creative needs. They’re stuck, unhappy, and have no idea what to do about it, except move to another job.Mary Lyn Miller, veteran career consultant and founder of the Life and Career Clinic, says that when most people are unhappy about their work, their first thought is to get a different job. Instead, Miller suggests looking atthe possibility of a different life. Through her book, 8 Myths of Making a Living, as well as workshops, seminars and personal coaching and consulting, she has helped thousands of dissatisfied workers reassess life and work.Like the way of Zen, which includes understanding of oneself as one really is, Miller encourages job seekers and those dissatisfied with work or life to examine their beliefs about work and recognize that �Din many cases your beliefs are what brought you to where you are today.‖ You may have been raised to think that women were best at nurturing and caring and, therefore, should be teachers and nurses. So that’s what you did. Or, perhaps you were brought up to believe that you should do what your father did, so you have taken over the family business, or become a dentist �Djust like dad.‖ Ifthis sounds familiar, it’s pro bably time to look at the new possibilities for your future. Miller developed a 7-step process to help potential job seekers assess their current situation and beliefs, identify their real passion, and start on a journey that allows them to pursue their passion through work.Step 1: Willingness to do something different.Breaking the cycle of doing what you have always done is one of the most difficult tasks for job seekers. Many find it difficult to steer away from a career path or make a change, e ven if it doesn’t feel right. Miller urges job seekers to open their minds to other possibilities beyond what they are currently doing.Step 2: Commitment to being who you are, not who or what someone wants you to be.Look at the \\gifts and talents you have and make a commitment to pursue those things that you love most. If you love the social aspects of your job, but are stuck inside an office or �Dchained to your desk‖ most of the time, vow to follow your instinct and investigate alternative careers and work that allow you more time to interact with others. Dawn worked as a manager for a large retail clothing store for several years. Though she had advanced within the company, she felt frustrated and longed to be involved with nature and the outdoors. She decided to go to school nights and weekends to pursue her true passion by earning her master’s degree in forestry. She now works in thebiotech forestry division of a major paper company. Step 3: Self-definition Miller suggests that once job seekers know who they are, they need to know how to sell themselves. �DIn the job market, you are a product. And just like a product, you most know the features and benefits that you have to offer a potential client, or employer.‖ Examine the skills and knowled ge that you have identify how they can apply to your desired occupation. Your qualities will exhibit to employers why they should hire you over other candidates.Step 4: Attain a level of self-honoring.Self-honoring or self-love may seem like an odd step for job hunters, but being able to accept yourself, without judgment, helps eliminate insecurities and will make you more self-assured. By accepting who you are �C all your emotions, hopes and dreams, your personality, and your unique way of being �C you’ll project more confidence when networking and talking with potential employers. The power of self-honoring can help to break all the falsehoods you were programmed to believe �C those that made you feel thatyou were not good enough, or strong enough, or intelligent enough to do what you truly desire. Step 5: Vision.Miller suggests that job seekers develop a vision that embraces the answer to �DWhat do I really want to do?‖ one should create a solid s tatement in a dozen or so sentences that describe in detail how they see their life related to work. For instance, the secretary who longs to be an actress describes a life that allows her to express her love of Shakespeare on stage. A real estate agent, attracted to his current job because her loves fixing up old homes, describes buying properties that need a little tender loving care to make them more saleable. Step 6: Appropriate risk.Some philosophers believe that the way to enlightenment comes through facing obstacles and difficulties. Once people discover their passion, many are too scared to do anything about it. Instead, they do nothing. With this step, job seekers should assess what they are willing to give up, or risk, in pursuit of their dream. For one working mom, that meant taking night classes to learn new computer-aided design skills, while still earning a salary and keeping her day job. For someone else, it may mean quitting his or her job,taking out loan and going back to school full ti me. You’ll move one stepcloser to your ideal work life if you identify how much risk you are willingto take and the sacrifices you are willing to make. Step 7: Action.Some teachers of philosophy describe action in this way, �DIf one wantsto get to the top of a mountain, just sitting at the foot thinking about itwill not bring one there. It is by making the effort of climbing up the mountain, step by step, that eventually the summit is reached.‖ All too often, it is the lack of action that ultimately holds people back from attainingtheir ideals. Creating a plan and taking it one step at a time can lead to new and different job opportunities. Job-hunting tasks gain added meaning as you sense their importance in your quest for a more meaningful work life. The plan can include researching industries and occupations, talking to people who arein your desired area of work, taking classes, or accepting volunteer work in your targeted field. Each of these steps will lead you on a journey to a happier and more rewarding work life. After all, it is the journey, not the destination, that is most important. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2021年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版 第3套)
2021年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版第3套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of motivation and methods in learning. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) 说明：由于2021年6月六级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前2套内容相同，只是选项顺序不同，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please markthe corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Steel is valued for its reliability, but not when it gets cold. Most forms of steel __26__ become brittle （脆的）at temperatures below about -25℃ unless they are mixed with other metals. Now, though, a novel type of steel has been developed that resists __27__ at much lower temperatures, while retaining its strength and toughness—without the need for expensive __28__.Steel's fragility at low temperatures first became a major concern during the Second World War. After German U-boats torpedoed （用鱼雷攻击）numerous British ships, a 2,700-strong fleet of cheap- and-cheerful "Liberty ships" was introduced to replace the lost vessels, providing a lifeline for the __29__ British. But the steel shells of hundreds of the ships __30__ in the icy north Atlantic, and 12 broke in half and sank.Brittleness remains a problem when building steel structures in cold conditions, such as oil rigs in the Arctic. So scientists have __31__ to find a solution by mixing it with expensive metals such as nickel.Yuuji Kimura and colleagues in Japan tried a more physical__32__. Rather than adding other metals, they developed a complex mechanical process involving repeated heating and very severe mechanical deformation, known as tempforming.The resulting steel appears to achieve a combination of strength and toughness that is __33__ to that of modem steels that are very rich in alloy content and, therefore, very expensive.Kimura's team intends to use its tempformed steel to make ultra-high strength parts, such as bolts. They hope to reduce both the number of __34__ needed in a construction job and their weight—by replacing solid supports with __35__ tubes, for example. This could reduce the amount of steel needed to make everything from automobiles to buildings and bridges.A）abruptlyB）additivesC）approachD）ardentlyE）besiegedF）channelG）comparableH）componentsI）crackedJ）fracturesK）hollowL）relevantM）reshuffledN）strivedO）violentSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The future of personal satellite technology is here—are we ready for it?A）Satellites used to be the exclusive playthings of rich governments and wealthy corporations. But increasingly, as space becomes more democratized, they are coming within reach of ordinary people. Just like drones （无人机）before them, miniature satellites are beginning to fundamentally transform our conceptions of who gets to do what up above our heads.B）As a recent report from the National Academy of Sciences highlights, these satellites hold tremendous potential for making satellite-based science more accessible than ever before. However, as the cost of getting your own satellite in orbit drops sharply, the risks of irresponsible use grow. The question here is no longer "Can we?" but "Should we?" What are the potential downsides of having a slice of space densely populated by equipment built by people not traditionally labeled as "professionals" ? And what would the responsible and beneficial development and use of this technology actually look like? Some of the answers may come from a nonprofit organization that has been building and launching amateur satellites for nearly 50 years.C）Having your personal satellite launched into orbit might sound like an idea straight out of science fiction. But over the past few decades a unique class of satellites has been created that fits the bill: CubeSats. The "Cube" here simply refers to the satellite's shape. The most common CubeSat is a 10cm cube, so small that a single CubeSat could easily be mistaken for a paperweight on your desk. These mini-satellites can fit in a launch vehicle's formerly "wasted space. " Multiples can be deployed in combination for more complexmissions than could be achieved by one CubeSat alone.D）Within their compact bodies these minute satellites are able to house sensors and communications receivers/transmitters that enable operators to study Earth from space, as well as space around Earth. They're primarily designed for Low Earth Orbit （LEO）—an easily accessible region of space from around 200 to 800 miles above Earth, where human-tended missions like the Hubble Space Telescope and the International Space Station （ISS） hang out. But they can attain more distant orbits; NASA plans for most of its future Earth-escaping payloads （to the moon and Mars especially） to carry CubeSats.E）Because they're so small and light, it costs much less to get a CubSat into Earth's orbit than a traditional communications or GPS satellite. For instance,a research group here at Arizona State University recently claimed their developmental small CubeSats could cost as little as $3,000 to put in orbit. This decrease in cost allows researchers, hobbyists and even elementary school groups to put simple instruments into LEO or even having them deployed from the ISS.F）The first CubeSat was created in the early 2000s,as a way of enabling Stanford graduate students to design, build,test and operate a spacecraft with similar capabilities to the USSR's Sputnik （前苏联的人造卫星）.Since then, NASA, the National Reconnaissance Office and even Boeing have all launched and operated CubeSats. There are more than 130 currently in operation. The NASA Educational Launch of Nano Satellite program, which offers free launches for educational groups and science missions, is now open to U. S. nonprofit corporations as well. Clearly, satellites are not just for rocket scientists anymore.G）The National Academy of Sciences report emphasizes CubeSats' importance in scientific discovery and the training of future space scientists and engineers. Yet it also acknowledges that widespread deployment of LEO CubeSats isn't risk-free. The greatest concern the authors raise is space debris—pieces of "junk" that orbit the earth, with the potential to cause serious damage if they collide with operational units, including the ISS.H）Currently, there aren't many CubeSats and they're tracked closely. Yet as LEO opens up to more amateur satellites, they may pose an increasing threat. As the report authors point out, even near-misses might lead to the "creation of a burdensome regulatory framework and affect the futuredisposition of science CubeSats."I）CubeSat researchers suggest that now's the time to ponder unexpected and unintended possible consequences of more people than ever having access to their own small slice of space. In an era when you can simply buy a CubeSat kit off the shelf, how can we trust the satellites over our heads were developed with good intentions by people who knew what they were doing? Some "expert amateurs" in the satellite game could provide some inspiration for how to proceed responsibly.J）In 1969.the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation （AMSAT）was created in order to foster ham radio enthusiasts' （业余无线电爱好者）participation in space research and communication. It continued the efforts, begun in 1961, by Project OSCAR—a U. S. -based group that built and launched the very first nongovernmental satellite just four years after Sputnik. As an organization of volunteers, AMSAT was putting "amateur" satellites in orbit decades before the current CubeSat craze. And over time, its members have learned a thing or two about responsibility. Here, open-source development has been a central principle. Within the organization, AMSAT has a philosophy of open sourcing everything—making technical data on all aspects of their satellites fully available toeveryone in the organization, and when possible, the public. According to a member of the team responsible for FOX 1-A, AMSAT's first CubeSat, this means that there's no way to sneak something like explosives or an energy emitter into an amateur satellite when everyone has access to the designs and implementation.K）However, they're more cautious about sharing information with nonmembers, as the organization guards against others developing the ability to hijack and take control of their satellites. This form of "self-governance" is possible within long-standing amateur organizations that, over time, are able to build a sense of responsibility to community members,as well as society in general. But what happens when new players emerge, who don't have deep roots within the existing culture?L）Hobbyists and students are gaining access to technologies without being part of a long-standing amateur establishment. They're still constrained by fimders, launch providers and a series of regulations—all of which rein in what CubeSat developers can and cannot do. But there's a danger they're ill-equipped to think through potential unintended consequences. What these unintended consequences might be is admittedly far from clear. Yet we know innovators can beremarkably creative with taking technologies in unexpected directions. Think of something as seemingly benign as the cellphone—we have microfinance and text-based social networking at one end of the spectrum, and improvised （临时制作的）explosive devices at the other.M）This is where a culture of social responsibility around CubeSats becomes important-not simply to ensure that physical risks are minimized, but to engage with a much larger community in anticipating and managing less obvious consequences of the technology. This is not an easy task. Yet the evidence from AMSAT and other areas of technology development suggests that responsible amateur communities can and do emerge around novel technologies. The challenge here, of course, is ensuring that what an amateur community considers to be responsible, actually is. Here's where there needs to be a much wider public conversation that extends beyond government agencies and scientific communities to include students, hobbyists，and anyone who may potentially stand to be affected by the use of CubeSat technology.36. Given the easier accessibility to space, it is time to think about how to prevent misuse of satellites.37. A group of mini-satellites can work together toaccomplish more complex tasks.38. The greater accessibility of mini-satellites increases the risks of their irresponsible use.39. Even school pupils can have their CubeSats put in orbit owing to the lowered launching cost.40. is careful about sharing information with outsiders to prevent hijacking of their satellites.41. NASA offers to launch CubeSats free of charge for educational and research purposes.42. Even with constraints, it is possible for some creative developers to take the CubeSat technology in directions that result in harmful outcomes.43. While making significant contributions to space science, CubeSats may pose hazards to other space vehicles.44. Mini-satellites enable operators to study Earth from LEO and space around it.45. AMSAT operates on the principle of having all its technical data accessible to its members, preventing the abuse of amateur satellites.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.When I re-entered the full-time workforce a few years ago after a decade of solitary self-employment, there was one thing I was looking forward to the most: the opportunity to have work friends once again. It wasn't until I entered the corporate world that I realized, for me at least, being friends with colleagues didn't emerge as a priority at all. This is surprising when you consider the prevailing emphasis by scholars and trainers and managers on the importance of cultivating close interpersonal relationships at work. So much research has explored the way in which collegial （同事的）ties can help overcome a range of workplace issues affecting productivity and the quality of work output such as team-based conflict, jealousy, undermining, anger, and more.Perhaps my expectations of lunches, water-cooler gossip and caring, deep-and-meaningful conversations were a legacy of the last time I was in that kind of office environment. Whereasnow, as I near the end of my fourth decade, I realize work can be fully functional and entirely fulfilling without needing to be best mates with the people sitting next to you.In an academic analysis just published in the profoundly-respected Journal of Management, researchers have looked at the concept of "indifferent relationships". It's a simple term that encapsulates （概括）the fact that relationships at work can reasonably be non-intimate, inconsequential, unimportant and even, dare I say it, disposable or substitutable.Indifferent relationships are neither positive nor negative. The limited research conducted thus far indicates they're especially dominant among those who value independence over cooperation, and harmony over confrontation. Indifference is also the preferred option among those who are socially lazy. Maintaining relationships over the long term takes effort. For some of us, too much effort .As noted above, indifferent relationships may not always be the most helpful approach in resolving some of the issues that pop up at work. But there are nonetheless several empirically proven benefits. One of those is efficiency. Less time chatting and socializing means more time working and（产出）.The other is self-esteem. As human beings, we're primed to compare ourselves to each other in what is an anxiety-inducing phenomenon. Apparently, we look down on acquaintances more so than Mends. Since the former is most common among those inclined towards indifferent relationships, their predominance can bolster individuals' sense of self-worth.Ego aside, a third advantage is that the emotional neutrality of indifferent relationships has been found to enhance critical evaluation, to strengthen one's focus on task resolution, and to gain greater access to valuable information. None of that might be as fun as after-work socializing but, hey, I'll take it anyway.46. What did the author realize when he re-entered the corporate world?A） Making new Mends with his workmates was not as easy as he had anticipated.B）Cultivating positive interpersonal relationships helped him expel solitary feelings.C）Working in the corporate world requires more interpersonal skills than self-employment.D） Building close relationships with his colleagues wasnot as important as he had ejected.47. What do we learn from many studies about collegial relationships?A） Inharmonious relationships have an adverse effect on productivity.B） Harmonious relationships are what many companies aim to cultivate.C） Close collegial relationships contribute very little to product quality.D） Conflicting relationships in the workplace exist almost everywhere.48. What can be inferred about relationships at work from an academic analysis?A） They should be cultivated.B） They are virtually irrelevant.C） They are vital to corporate culture.D） They should be reasonably intimate.49. What does the author say about people who are socially lazy?A）They feel uncomfortable when engaging in social interactions.B） They often find themselves in confrontation with theircolleagues.C） They are unwilling to make efforts to maintain workplace relationships.D） They lack basic communication skills in dealing with interpersonal issues.60. What is one of the benefits of indifferent relationships?A） They provide fun at work.B） They help control emotions.C） They help resolve differences.D） They improve work efficiency.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.In a few decades, artificial intelligence (AI) will surpass many of the abilities that we believe make us special. This is a grand challenge for our age and it may require an "irrational" response.One of the most significant pieces of news from the US in early 2021 was the efforts of Google to make autonomous driving a reality. According to a report, Google's self-driving cars clocked 1,023,330 km, and required human intervention 124 times. That is one intervention about every 8,047 km of autonomousdriving. But even more impressive is the progress in just a single year: human interventions fell from 0.8 times per thousand miles to 0.2, a 400% improvement. With such progress, Google's cars will easily surpass my own driving ability later this year.Driving once seemed to be a very human skill. But we said that about chess, too. Then a computer beat the human world champion, repeatedly. The board game Go（围棋）took over from chess as a new test for human thinking in 2021, when a computer beat one of the world's leading professional Go players. With computers conquering what used to be deeply human tasks, what will it mean in the future to be human? I worry about my six-year-old son. What will his place bе in a world where machines beat us in one area after another? He'll never calculate faster, never drive better, or even fly more safely. Actually, it all comes down to a fairly simple question： What's so special about us? It can't be skills like arithmetic, which machines already excel in. So far, machines have a pretty hard time emulating creativity, arbitrary enough not to be predicted by a computer, and yet more than simple randomness.Perhaps, if we continue to improve information-processing machines, well soon have helpful rational assistants. So wemust aim to complement the rationality of the machine, rather than to compete with it. If I'm right, we should foster a creative spirit because a dose of illogical creativity will complement the rationality of the machine. Unfortunately, however, our education system has not caught up to the approaching reality. Indeed, our schools and universities are structured to mould pupils to be mostly obedient servants of rationality, and to develop outdated skills in interacting with outdated machines. We need to help our children learn how to best work with smart computers to improve human decision-making. But most of all we need to keep the long-term perspective in mind: that even if computers will outsmart us, we can still be the most creative. Because if we aren't, we won't be providing much value in future ecosystems，and that may put in question the foundation for our existence.51. What is the author's greatest concern about the use of AI?A） Computers are performing lots of creative tasks.B） Many abilities will cease to be unique to human beings.C） Computers may become more rational than humans.D） Many human skills are fast becoming outdated.52. What impresses the author most in the field of AI?A） Google's experimental driverless cars require little human intervention.B） Google's cars have surpassed his driving ability in just a single year.C） Google has made huge progress in autonomous driving in a short time.D） Google has become a world leader in the field of autonomous driving.53. What do we learn from the passage about creativity?A） It is rational.B） It is predictable.C） It is human specific.D） It is yet to be emulated by AI.54. What should schools help children do in the era of AI?A） Cultivate original thinking.B） Learn to work independently.C） Compete with smart machines.D） Understand how AI works.55. How can we humans justify our future existence?A） By constantly outsmarting computers.B） By adopting a long-term perspective.C） By rationally compromising with AI.D） By providing value with our creativity.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.成语（Chinese idioms）是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式，大多由四个汉字组成。
2021年6月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案_4
2021年6月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.A new era is upon us. Call it what you will: the service economy, the information age, the knowledge society. It all translates to a fundamental change in the way we work. Already we’re partly there. The percentage of people who earn their living by making things has fallen dramatically in the Western World. Today the majority of jobs in America, Europe and Japan (two thirds or more in many of these countries) are in the service industry, and the number is on the rise. More women are in the work force than ever before. There are more part-time jobs. More people are self-employed. But the breadth of the economic transformation can’t be measured by numbers alone, because it also is giving rise to a radical new way of thinking about the nature of work itself. Long-held notions about jobs and careers, the skills needed to succeed, even the relation between individuals and employers—all these are being challenged. We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead. No one looking ahead 20 years possibly could haveforeseen the ways in which a single invention, the chip (集成块), would transform our world thanks to its applications in personal computers, digital communications and factory robots. Tomorrow’s achievements in biotechnology, artificial intelligence or even some still unimagined technology could produce a similar wave of dramatic changes. But one thing is certain: information and knowledge will become even more vital, and the people who possess it, whether they work in manufacturing or services, will have the advantage and produce the wealth. Computer knowledge will become as basic a requirement as the ability to read and write. The ability to solve problems by applying information instead of performing routine tasks will be valued above all else. If you cast your mind ahead 10 years, information services will be predominant. It will be the way you do your job.21. A characteristic of the information age is that ________.A) the service industry is relying more and more on the female work forceB) manufacturing industries are steadily increasingC) people find it harder and harder to earn a living by working in factoriesD) most of the job opportunities can now be found in the serviceindustry22. One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society is that ________.A) the difference between the employee and the employer has become insignificantB) people’s traditional concepts about work no longer hold trueC) most people have to take part-time jobsD) people have to change their jobs from time to time23. By referring to computers and other inventions, the author means to say that ________.A) people should be able to respond quickly to the advancement of technologyB) future achievements in technology will bring about inconceivable dramatic changesC) the importance of high technology has been overlookedD) computer science will play a leading role in the future information services24. The future will probably belong to those who ________.A) possess and know how to make use of informationB) give full play to their brain potentialC) involve themselves in service industriesD) cast their minds ahead instead of looking back25. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A) Computers and the Knowledge SocietyB) Service Industries in Modern SocietyC) Features and Implications of the New EraD) Rapid Advancement of Information TechnologyQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants (被告). But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability.While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman. Handsome male executives were perceived as having more integrity than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to account for their success.Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones; their success was attributednot to ability but to factors such as luck.All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than was that of attractive overnight successes.Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is perceived to be more feminine (女性的) and an attractive man more masculine (男性的) than the less attractive ones. Thus, an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the “masculine” qualities required.This is true even in politics. “When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently,” says Ann Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduates to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again, in the order they would votefor them.The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men, but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes.26. The word “liability” (Para. 1. Line 4) most probably means “________”.A) misfortuneB) instabilityC) disadvantageD) burden27. In traditionally female jobs, attractiveness ________.A) reinforces the feminine qualities requiredB) makes women look more honest and capableC) is of primary importance to womenD) often enables women to succeed quickly28. Bowman’s experiment reveals that when it comes to politics, attractiveness ________.A) turns out to be an obstacleB) affects men and women alikeC) has as little effect on men as on womenD) is more of an obstacle than a benefit to women29. It can be inferred from the passage that people’s viewson beauty are often ________.A) practicalB) prejudicedC) old-fashionedD) radical30. The author writes this passage to ________.A) discuss the negative aspects of being attractiveB) give advice to job-seekers who are attractiveC) demand equal rights for womenD) emphasize the importance of appearance重点单词查看全部解释unattractive想一想再看adj. 不吸引人注意的；没有魅力的；不美丽的measured['meʒəd]想一想再看adj. 量过的，慎重的，基于标准的，有韵律的动词meinterview['intəvju:]想一想再看n. 接见，会见，面试，面谈vt. 接见，采impression[im'preʃən]想一想再看n. 印象，效果联想记忆X单词impression联想记忆：impress印象+ion→印象；感想 sophisticated[sə'fistikeitid]想一想再看adj. 诡辩的，久经世故的，精密的，老练的，尖端的联想记忆X单词sophisticated联想记忆：sophist诡辩+icate+d→老于世故的；精致复杂的 emphasize['emf əsaiz]想一想再看vt. 强调，着重employee[.emplɔi'i:]想一想再看n. 雇员联想记忆X单词employee联想记忆：employ雇用+ee表名词，“被动或主动的人”→雇员 source[sɔ:s]想一想再看n. 发源地，来源，原始资料rank[ræŋk]想一想再看n. 等级，阶层，排，列v. 分等级，排列，respectable[ri'spektəbl]想一想再看n. 品格高尚的人adj. 值得尊重的，人格联想记忆X单词respectable联想记忆：respect尊敬+able→可敬的Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and broadcast journalist is reflected in several booksthat have been written on the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the “how to” aspects of journalistic interviewing rather than the conceptual aspects of the interview, its context, and implications. Much of the “how to” material is based on personal experiences and general impressions. As we know, in journalism as in other fields, much can be learned from the systematic study of professional practice. Such study brings together evidence from which broad generalized principles can be developed.There is, as has been suggested, a growing body of research literature in journalism and broadcasting, but very little significant attention has been devoted to the study of the interview itself. On the other hand, many general texts as well as numerous research articles on interviewing in fields other than journalism have been written. Many of these books and articles present the theoretical and empirical (经验的) aspects of the interview as well as the training of the interviewers. Unhappily, this plentiful general literature about interviewing pays little attention to the journalistic interview. The fact that the general literature on interviewingdoes not deal with the journalistic interview seems to be surprising for two reasons. First, it seems likely that most people in modern Western societies are more familiar, at least in a positive manner, with journalistic interviewing than with any other form of interviewing. Most of us are probably somewhat familiar with the clinical interview, such as that conducted by physicians and psychologists. In these situations the professional person or interviewer is interested in getting information necessary for the diagnosis (诊断) and treatment of the person seeking help. Another familiar situation is the job interview. However, very few of us have actually been interviewed personally by the mass media, particularly by television. And yet, we have a vivid acquaintance with the journalistic interview by virtue of our roles as readers, listeners, and viewers. Even so, true understanding of the journalistic interview, especially television interviews, requires thoughtful analyses and even study, as this book indicates.31. The main idea of the first paragraph is that ________.A) generalized principles for journalistic interviews are the chief concern for writers on journalismB) importance should be attached to the systematic study ofjournalistic interviewingC) concepts and contextual implications are of secondary importance to journalistic interviewingD) personal experience and general impression should be excluded from journalistic interviews32. Much research has been done on interviews in general ________.A) so the training of journalistic interviewers has likewise been strengthenedB) though the study of the interviewing techniques hasn’t received much attentionC) but journalistic interviewing as a specific field has unfortunately been neglectedD) and there has also been a dramatic growth in the study of journalistic interviewing33. Westerners are familiar with the journalistic interview, ________.A) but most of them wish to stay away from itB) and many of them hope to be interviewed some dayC) and many of them would like to acquire a true understanding of itD) but most of them may not have been interviewed in person34. Who is the interviewee in a clinical interview?A) The patient.B) The physician.C) The journalist.D) The psychologist.35. The text is most likely a part of a ________.A) news articleB) journalistic interviewC) research reportD) preface重点单词查看全部解释unattractive想一想再看adj. 不吸引人注意的；没有魅力的；不美丽的measured['meʒəd]想一想再看adj. 量过的，慎重的，基于标准的，有韵律的动词meinterview['intəvju:]想一想再看n. 接见，会见，面试，面谈vt. 接见，采impression[im'preʃən]想一想再看n. 印象，效果联想记忆X单词impression联想记忆：impress印象+ion→印象；感想 sophisticated[sə'fistikeitid]想一想再看adj. 诡辩的，久经世故的，精密的，老练的，尖端的联想记忆X单词sophisticated联想记忆：sophist诡辩+icate+d→老于世故的；精致复杂的 emphasize['emf əsaiz]想一想再看vt. 强调，着重employee[.emplɔi'i:]想一想再看n. 雇员联想记忆X单词employee联想记忆：employ雇用+ee表名词，“被动或主动的人”→雇员 source[sɔ:s]想一想再看n. 发源地，来源，原始资料rank[ræŋk]想一想再看n. 等级，阶层，排，列v. 分等级，排列，respectable[ri'spektəbl]想一想再看n. 品格高尚的人adj. 值得尊重的，人格联想记忆X单词respectable联想记忆：respect尊敬+able→可敬的Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two distinct stages. Early industrialization began theprocess of transferring some production processes (e.g. clothmaking, sewing and canning foods) from the home to the marketplace. Although the home economy could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious (费力的) and the market economy was usually more efficient. Soon, the more important second stage was evident-the marketplace began producing goods and services that had never been produced by the home economy, and the home economy was unable to produce them (e.g. Electricity and electrical appliances, the automobile, advanced education, sophisticated medical care). In the second stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in producing these new goods and services was irrelevant; if the family were to enjoy these fruits of industrialization, they would have to be obtained in the marketplace. The traditional ways of taking care of these needs in the home, such as in nursing the sick, became socially unacceptable (and, in most serious cases, probably less successful).Just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of the horse-drawn carriage illegal and then impractical, and the appearance of television changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background music, so most of thefruits of economic growth did not increase the options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or services or purchase them in the market. Growth brought with it increased variety in consumer goods, but not increased flexibility for the home economy in obtaining these goods and services. Instead, economic growth brought with it increased consumer reliance on the marketplace. In order to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter the marketplace as wage earners and consumers. The neoclassical (新古典主义的) model that views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services directly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of the first stage. It cannot accurately be applied to the second (and current) stage. 36. The reason why many production processes were taken over by the marketplace was that ________.A) it was a necessary step in the process of industrializationB) they depended on electricity available only to the market economyC) it was troublesome to produce such goods in the homeD) the marketplace was more efficient with respect to these processes37. It can be seen from the passage that in the second stage________.A) some traditional goods and services were not successful when provided by the home economyB) the market economy provided new goods and services never produced by the home economyC) producing traditional goods at home became socially unacceptableD) whether new goods and services were produced by the home economy became irrelevant38. During the second stage, if the family wanted to consume new goods and services, they had to enter the marketplace ________.A) as wage earnersB) both as manufactures and consumersC) both as workers and purchasersD) as customers39. Economic growth did not make it more flexible for the home economy to obtain the new goods and services because ________.A) the family was not efficient in productionB) it was illegal for the home economy to produce themC) it could not supply them by itselfD) the market for these goods and services was limited40. The neoclassical model is basically a model of the first stage, because at this stage ________.A) the family could rely either on the home economy or on the marketplace for the needed goods and servicesB) many production processes were being transferred to the marketplaceC) consumers relied more and more on the market economyD) the family could decide how to transfer production processes to the marketplace重点单词查看全部解释unattractive想一想再看adj. 不吸引人注意的；没有魅力的；不美丽的measured['meʒəd]想一想再看adj. 量过的，慎重的，基于标准的，有韵律的动词meinterview['intəvju:]想一想再看n. 接见，会见，面试，面谈vt. 接见，采impression[im'preʃən]想一想再看n. 印象，效果联想记忆X单词impression联想记忆：impress印象+ion→印象；感想 sophisticated[sə'fistikeitid]想一想再看adj. 诡辩的，久经世故的，精密的，老练的，尖端的联想记忆X单词sophisticated联想记忆：sophist诡辩+icate+d→老于世故的；精致复杂的 emphasize['emf əsaiz]想一想再看vt. 强调，着重employee[.emplɔi'i:]想一想再看n. 雇员联想记忆X单词employee联想记忆：employ雇用+ee表名词，“被动或主动的人”→雇员 source[sɔ:s]想一想再看n. 发源地，来源，原始资料rank[ræŋk]想一想再看n. 等级，阶层，排，列v. 分等级，排列，respectable[ri'spektəbl]想一想再看n. 品格高尚的人adj. 值得尊重的，人格联想记忆X单词respectable联想记忆：respect尊敬+able→可敬的21. D22. B23. B24. A25. C26. C27. A28. D29. B30. A31. B32. C33. D34. A35. D36. D37. B38. C39. C40. A重点单词查看全部解释unattractive想一想再看adj. 不吸引人注意的；没有魅力的；不美丽的measured['meʒəd]想一想再看adj. 量过的，慎重的，基于标准的，有韵律的动词me interview['intəvju:]想一想再看n. 接见，会见，面试，面谈vt. 接见，采impression[im'preʃən]想一想再看n. 印象，效果联想记忆X单词impression联想记忆：impress印象+ion→印象；感想 sophisticated[sə'fistikeitid]想一想再看adj. 诡辩的，久经世故的，精密的，老练的，尖端的联想记忆X单词sophisticated联想记忆：sophist诡辩+icate+d→老于世故的；精致复杂的 emphasize['emf əsaiz]想一想再看vt. 强调，着重employee[.emplɔi'i:]想一想再看n. 雇员联想记忆X单词employee联想记忆：employ雇用+ee表名词，“被动或主动的人”→雇员 source[sɔ:s]想一想再看n. 发源地，来源，原始资料rank[ræŋk]想一想再看n. 等级，阶层，排，列v. 分等级，排列，respectable[ri'spektəbl]想一想再看n. 品格高尚的人adj. 值得尊重的，人格联想记忆X单词respectable联想记忆：respect尊敬+able→可敬的第21 页共21 页。
2021-2022年广东省河源市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题(含答案)
2021-2022年广东省河源市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题(含答案)学校:________ 班级:________ 姓名:________ 考号:________一、2.Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(20题)1.Lisa Perez was always optimistic during the period of her unemployment. A.Y B.N C.NG2.Which group of people are advised to hold s health insurance?A.Those who can't afford the medical debts.B.Those who run private businesses.C.Those who are above 65 years old.D.Those who are under 65 years old.3.In many cases, the internally displaced are virtually those who are ______. 4.Private automobile is the most important mode of transportation in recent decades.A.YB.NC.NG5.A normal range has been established for body temperature, blood pressure, pulse, height, etc. for health.A.YB.NC.NG6.If trapped under debris, it is dangerous to light a match as it may cause______. 7.According to passage, which of the following is now true about the Newfoundland fisheries?A.Normal fishing could start again in 2007.B.Catches of 2700 tons a year only are permitted.C.Fishing with draggers will be allowed again in 2007.D.No cod fishing is allowed but some other species can be caught.8. What does Margaret Hart Edwards say about employees' romance in the office?A.It is morally wrong and must be banned.B.It poses a potential risk for the company.C.It should not be interfered as a human right.D.It's better to go public for the sake of employees.9. It found that increases in air pollution tended to ______.10.Old people shouldn't bother to change their eating habits because it's too late for it to do them any good.A.YB.NC.NG11.How many kinds of anxiety are mentioned in the passage?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.12. During the recording session, singers are encouraged by Rubin to sing in a______way.13. How much corn planted in the U.S. last year was genetically modified?A.More than half.B.65 million acres.C.One third.D.Three quarters.14.According to Freud's theory, dreams come from ______.15. Employees without children are put at a disadvantage because they always have to ______for co-workers having kids to look after.16. Advertisers would like to pay more to Joost because ______.A.Joost has found a totally new business modelB.Joost will limit the number of its advertisementsC.Joost will improve the effect of advertisementsD.Joost is the best-known internet-video website17.Mark Twain got his fame by the work "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County".A.YB.NC.NG18. Corr thinks that if there is any problem with a drug, it's better to know it ______.19.The traditional idea in Europe, America and elsewhere is that eggs are laid by ______during20.In colleges, student-athletes are called so since the colleges intends to demonstrate that they ______ between the intellectual pursuit and physical pursuit.二、3.Listening Comprehension(20题)21.(22)A.He can't find enough information for his research paper.B.He can't sleep at night.C.He can't find a quiet place to study.D.He can't narrow down his research topic.22.听力原文：W: Today, millions of us are now addicted to chat rooms, e-mail and just plain web surfing.M: Yes, it's no secret that we're into computers. And why not? On the Internet, we can catch up on news, plan vacations, pay bills and make friends. But for some, once they type their way onto the Internet, they just can't stop.W: Who do you think are getting hooked?M: Internet addiction can happen to anyone who's lonely. It includes two surprising groups: college students and homemakers.W: How does that happen?M: Away from their families, homesick and overwhelmed, many college students seek connections on the computer. And homemakers are prone to addiction too, if they're shy. Face-to-face talking can create anxiety. The chat room eliminates all that.W: But the more on-line connections vulnerable people make, the more they may neglect the connections they hold dear in real life.M: Yea. Apart from that, the Internet can also be harmful to them. In a recent study, 51 percent of men and 42 percent of women named the Internet as one of the reasons they're not getting enough sleep! And 68 percent of Internet addicts surveyed said their on-line usage was destroying their relationships. The person will retire to the computer at night instead of the bedroom, and form. cyberspace relationships with strangers instead of communicating with a spouse.W: It does make us worry. Do you have any suggestions for us?M: Well, there are steps to take to make sure your family doesn't get hooked, for example, you can put the computer in a common area like a living room where you can't spend hour after hour online. You can use a timer to limit on-line time. But I think the best way is to join a club. Anyone with balanced and face-to-face contact with others isn't likely to get hooked.(20)A.College professors.puter users.C.Lonely people.D.Internet surfers.23.听力原文：W: If the traffic wasn't held up for so long, I would have been to class by ten o'clock.M: It's too bad you didn't make it. The professor was looking for you all morning.Q: What happened to the woman?(15)A.She didn' t go to work this morning.B.She was injured and had to go to the hospital.C.She talked with the boss in the morning.D.The traffic delayed her.24.(36)A.They might eventually cause you to lose sleepB.They help produce a neurotransmitter in the brain.C.You must not drink milk if you take them.D.They make it unnecessary to take naps.25.【B10】26.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the听力原文：Don't worry, be happy and, according to a new research, you will also be healthy.It is estimated that over the course of one year, Americans suffer 1 billion colds. But new research shows that all it may take to avoid this common affliction is a positive and upbeat attitude.People who are happy, relaxed and energetic, are less likely to catch a cold than those who are depressed, nervous or angry, according to a new study published in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine.Healthy volunteers were first asked to rate their tendency to experience positive and negative emotions - how often they felt pleased, relaxed, happy, or anxious, depressed and hostile. The subjects were next given a squirt up the nose of a rhinovirus (鼻病毒), the nasty little germ that cause colds. Researchers then watched the volunteers to see who came down with a cold and how the unlucky ill manifested their cold symptoms."We found that people who regularly experience positive emotions, when exposed to rhinovirus, are relatively protected from developing illness," said Dr. Sheldon Cohen, lead author of the study and a psychology Professor at Carnegie Mellon University.Although positive people showed a greater resistance to colds, negative people did not necessarily get sick more often . So how can your emotions influence your health? In simple terms, when the brain is happy it sends messages to our organs that help keep the body healthy and sound.In addition, happy and relaxed people are prone to better health practices than their negative and stressed counterparts. They are more likely to sleep welland to engage in regular exercise, and to have lower levels of certain stress hormones.Don't worry, be happy and, according to a new research, you will also be healthy.It is estimated that over the course of one year, Americans suffer 1 billion colds. But new research shows that all it may take to【36】this common affliction is a positive and upbeat attitude.People who are happy, relaxed and【37】, are less likely to catch a cold thanthose who are depressed, nervous or angry, according to a new study【38】in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine.Healthy volunteers were first asked to rate their【39】to experience positive and negative emotions - how often they felt pleased, relaxed, happy, or anxious, depressed and hostile. The【40】were next given a squirt up the noseof a rhinovirus (鼻病毒), the nasty little germ that cause colds. Researchers then watched the volunteers to see who came down with a cold and how the unlucky ill【41】their cold symptoms."We found that people who regularly experience positive emotions, when exposed to rhinovirus, are【42】protected from developing illness," said Dr.Sheldon Cohen,【43】author of the study and a psychology Professor at Carnegie Mellon University.【44】. So how can your emotions influence your health? In simple terms,【45】.In addition, happy and relaxed people are prone to better health practices than their negative and stressed counterparts.【46】.(37)27.(24)A.He did not receive the New Student Packet.B.He did not read through the New Student Packet.C.The City Metro did not send an advertisement to him.D.He did not join the student union.28.听力原文：M: Are you going to pick up the tickets for the movie Saturday? W: If I get a chance.Q: What does the woman mean?(15)A.She may not be able to afford the tickets.B.She'll ask someone else to get the tickets.C.She'll definitely get the tickets.D.She'll get the tickets if she can.29.(25)A.It's nm by the government.B.It appeals to most people.C.It offers much choice.D.It's a monopoly.30. 【B3】31.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.听力原文：Indian summer is a short period of extremely fair weather and mild days in autumn. It comes in late October or early November while the leaves are changing color and falling from the trees. It has no definite day of beginning or ending.The pleasant weather follows the autumn's first period of cold, wintry days. The day's become warmer but the nights remain chilly. An Indian summer moon often has a soft yellow or orange hue. Indian summer lasts from a week to ten days and sometimes for two weeks. Then winter starts. Indian summer is caused by a large mass of warm tropical air. South winds carry these masses northward. The American Indian enjoyed Indian summer and called it a gift of a favorite God, Cautantowwit, the God of the southwest.(27)A.An Indian summer brings warm days and nights.B.An Indian summer occurs only in October.C.An Indian summer is an annual phenomenon.D.An Indian summer lasts many weeks.32.(33)A.There are 200 vehicles for every kilometer of roadway.B.It has a dense population.C.There are many museums and palaces.D.It has many towering buildings.33. 【B10】34.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.听力原文：Indian summer is a short period of extremely fair weather and mild days in autumn. It comes in late October or early November while the leaves are changing color and falling from the trees. It has no definite day of beginning or ending.The pleasant wearer follows the autumn's first period of cold, wintry days. The days become warmer but the nights remain chilly. An Indian summer moon often has a soft yellow or orange hue. Indian summer lasts from a week to ten days and sometimes for two weeks. Then winter starts. Indian summer is caused by a large mass of warm tropical air. South winds carry these masses northward. The American Indian enjoyed Indian summer and called it a gift of a favorite God, Cautantowwit, the god of the southwest.(27)A.An Indian summer brings warm days and nights.B.An Indian summer occurs only in October.C.An Indian summer is an annual phenomenon.D.An Indian summer lasts many weeks.35.听力原文：W：John told me he got a second-hand Car, do you know how much he paid for it?M：Well，he said he paid 800 dollars for it. I think he got a real bargain.Q：What does the man think of the price of the car?(13)A.It's quite normal.B.It's too high.C.It's cheap indeed.D.It could be cheaper.36.(17)A.She is going to have some visitors tonight.B.She does not like their former foreign teachers.C.She is going to see her foreign teachers tonight.D.She has already been invited to the man's house.37.【B7】38.【B5】39.【B4】40.听力原文：W: What type of term paper do you expect us to write and what is the deadline?M: Your term paper should be typed, double-spaced, and not less than twenty pages long.Q: Who are the two speakers?(17)A.A professor and a student.B.A hotel manager and a tourist.C.A salesman and a customer.D.A store owner and his manager.三、4.Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)(20题)41.The author's attitude toward wit can most accurately be described as______.A.cautious admirationB.wholehearted amusementC.tolerant disapprovalD.aversion42. By "a well-oiled cog in the machinery" the author intends to render the idea that man is ______ .A.working in complete harmony with the rest of the societyB.a humble component of the society, especially when working smoothlyC.a necessary part of the society though each individual's function is negligibleD.an unimportant part in comparison with the rest of the society, though functioning smoothly43.【C10】44.For what purpose does the writer cite the subsequent research made at Western Michigan University?A.To provide evidence for how new knowledge is produced.B.To show the university's progress in using technology.C.To elaborate on the factors influencing the use of new instructional technologies.D.To tell that new knowledge can be enhanced by technology45."Welcome to the U.S.A.! Major Credit cards accepted!"By the millions they are coming, no longer the tired, the poor, the wretched masses longing for a better living. These are the wealthy. "We don't have a budget," says a biologist from Brazil, as she walks with two companions through New York City's South Street. "We just use our credit cards."The U.S. has long been one of the worlds most popular tourist destinations, but this year has been exceptional. First there was the World Cup, which drew thousands from every comer of the globe; then came the weakening of theU.S. dollar against major currencies. Now the U.S., still the worlds superpower, can also c .laim to be the worlds bargain basement. Nobody undersells America these days on just about everything, from consumer electronics to fashion clothes to tennis rackets. Bottom retail prices - anywhere from 30% to 70% lower than those in Europe and Asia - have attracted some 47 million visitors, who are expected to leave behind $79 billion in 1994. That's up from $74 billion the year before.True, not everyone comes just for bargains. There remains an undeniable fascination in the rest of the world with all things American, nourished by Hollywood films and U.S. television series. But shopping the U.S.A. is proving irresistible. Every week thousands arrive with empty suitcases ready to be filled; some even rent an additional hotel room to hold their purchases. The buying binge has become as important as watching Old Faithful Fountains erupt in Yellowstone Park or sunbathing on a beach in Florida. The U.S. has come at last to appreciate what other countries learned long ago: the pouring in of foreign tourists may not always be convenient, but it does put money in the bank. And with a trade deficit at about $130 billion and growing for the past 12 months, the U.S. needs all the deposits it can get. Compared with American tourists abroad, visitors to the U.S. stay longer and spend more money at each stop; and average of 12.2 night and $1624 a traveller versus the American's four nights and $298.From what the Brazilian biologist says, we know that tourists like her______.A.are reluctant to carry cash with themB.simply don't care how much they spendC.are not good at planning their expenditureD.often spend more money than they can afford46. According to the discoveries of the astronomers, when did galaxies form?47.Some responses and behaviors may appear very illogical, but are justifiable if ______.A.linked to an abnormal amount of assertivenessB.seen as one's habitual pattern of behaviorC.taken as part of an ordering sequenceD.expressed to a series of charges48.The most important character exclusive to human beings is ______ .A.humorB.courageC.determinationD.initiative49. Obviously, the boys in Jonesboro and Chicago do not have any50.【C4】51.What does William Dietz think of overweight?A.Overweight should be treated as a public health problem.B.Overweight should be attributed to gluttony and sloth.C.Overweight has much to do with nutritional problems.D.Overweight has nothing to do with the overuse of cars.52.It is forbidden that visitors ______.A.take pictures of the scenesB.pick flowers in the gardensC.have a complete view of the areaD.sing quietly while visiting53.About the vocabularies, the author believed that languages, whether civilized or not, have______.A.grammatical structuresB.an ability to transfer ideasC.their own sound patternsD.the potential for expanding vocabulary54.What can we learn from the Calcutta businessman?A.It is a good idea to place marriage advertisements in the newspaper.B.It is a bad idea to place marriage advertisements in the newspaper.C.It is embarrassing if anyone answers such advertisements.D.It is embarrassing if no one answers such advertisements.55.【C7】56.【C3】57.According to Erik Brynjolfsson, the great cash discrepancy in technology industry will ultimately lead to______.58. 【S2】59.Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.One pertinent question in the wake of the earthquake near Aceh (亚齐省) and the tsunami (海啸) it generated is how much notice of an approaching wave can be given to vulnerable people without the risk of crying "wolf" too often. Earthquakes themselves are unpredictable, and likely to remain so. But detecting them when they happen is a routine technology. That was not the problem in this case, which was observed by monitoring stations all over the world. Unfortunately for the forecasters, although any powerful submarine earthquake brings the risk of a dangerous tsunami, not all such earthquakes actually result in a big wave, and false alarms cost money and breed cynicism. On top of that, most "tsunamigenic" earthquakes, which are caused when the processes of plate tectonics force heavy, oceanic crustal rock below lighter, continental rock to create a deep trench at the bottom of the sea, occur in the Pacific, which is almost surrounded by such trenches. In the Indian Ocean, deep trenches are confined to the southern coast of Indonesia, and tsunamis are rare. Since most of the countries affected by this tsunami are poor, or middle income at best, and monitoring costs money, this might suggest that a fatalistic approach to the question is reasonable. But American and Japanese experience suggests that effective monitoring need not be that expensive. These two countries have networks of seabed pressure detectors that can monitor tsunamis and indicate whether and where evacuation is necessary data they share with their Pacific neighbours. A system of seven detectors, run from Hawaii, cost about $18m to develop, and the experience gained doingSo means a similar system might now be set up for as little as $2m. So, to the sound of stable doors being bolted firmly shut, politicians in South East Asia and Australia are proposing one for the Indian Ocean;Even if you have an effective detection system, though, it is useless if you cannot evacuate a threatened area. Here, speed is of the essence. Computer modeling help shows which areas are likely to be safest, but common sense is often the best guide: nm like the wind, away from the sea. Evacuation warnings, too, should be easy to give as long as people are awake. Radios are ubiquitous (无所不在的), even in most poor places. It is just a matter of having systems in place to tell the radio stations to tell people to run. The problem was that no one did.An important question raised after the Tsunami is that ______.60.The experiments of two groups of rats indicate that ______.A.temperature affects rats' memoryB.the relationship between temperature and memory is very clearC.there is distinction between short-term memory and long-term memoryD.rats can relearn the task after forgetting it四、5.Error Correction(5题)61.【S9】62. 【S8】63. 【S3】64.【S2】65.【S8】五、6.Translation(5题)66. The chief reason for the population growth is ______________________ (与其说是出生率的上升，还不如说是死亡率的下降).67. Students are working hard____________(生怕落在同学的后面).68. The calculations would have been useless when they were worked out ______ (如果当时没有电脑的话).69. I've told you that I'm going to buy the shirt,____________(无论它价值多少钱).70. The new mayor was charged ________________ (未能履行他降低通货膨胀率的承诺).参考答案1.B解析：细节推断题。
2021-2022年河北省秦皇岛市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题(含答案)
2021-2022年河北省秦皇岛市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题(含答案) 学校:________ 班级:________ 姓名:________ 考号:________一、2.Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(20题)1.Additional clinical trials might take up to ______ years.2.Our concepts of time and space are in part conditioned by the structure of particular languages.A.YB.NC.NG3.There is not much change in the weather in the tropical rainforests all the year round.A.YB.NC.NG4.EasterEaster is the most important festival in the Christian calendar. It is the commemoration of Jesus' death and his rising from the dead, also known as the resurrection. It comes at the end of Lent. The week leading up to it is called Holy Week. Palm Sunday is the first day of Holy Week and celebrates Jesus' arrival in Jerusalem riding on a donkey. Crowds of people came out of the city to greet him, throwing down palm branches on the road. Many churches give out small crosses made from palm leaves, as a reminder of Jesus' entrance into Jerusalem and his death on the cross. On Thursday Christians remember when Jesus ate the Passover meal with his disciples, breaking bread and drinking wine, which is now known as the Last Supper. Since then this meal has been symbolically re-enacted by many Christians as a way of drawing closer to God. This is called the Eucharist, which means 'thanksgiving'. It is a reminder that Jesus sacrificed his life for mankind.The Bible tells us that, later that night, Jesus was betrayed by Judas Iscariot. After his arrest, Jesus was brought before the Jewish high priests who found him guilty of blasphemy because he called himself the Son of God. They handed him over to the Roman governor, Pontius Pilate. As was the custom at the time of the Feast of Passover, Pilate gave the crowds the choice as to which of the two prisoners should be freed: Jesus, or Barrabas, a notoriouscriminal. Ironically, the same crowd who had welcomed Jesus with palm branches a few days earlier now chose Barrabas to be released, and Pilate condemned Jesus to death by crucifixion. On Good Friday, many churches hold 3 hour services meditating on the events leading up to Christ's death: his interrogation, flogging, the mocking by the Roman soldiers, and his journey with the cross to Golgotha, the place of his death. Finally he was shipped naked and nailed to the cross, where he hung in agony for three hours, jeered at by the crowds, before he died. This is the day when people traditionally eat hot cross buns, because the cross on the bun is a reminder of the cross Jesus died on, and a reminder of the Christian belief that Jesus died to save us all. Easter Sunday marks Jesus' resurrection. The Bible tells us that Mary Magdalene went to the tomb, followed later by some of Jesus' disciples. They discovered Jesus' body had gone and that the tomb was empty. Jesus then appeared to Mary and many of his disciples, speaking with them on separate occasions during the following forty days. As he left them for the last time, Jesus promised to send the Holy Spirit so the disciples would know God would never leave them. He then ascended into heaven. The Church celebrates this on Ascension Day.Why do we eat Easter eggs at Easter?For Christians, Easter eggs symbolize new life. They believe that, through his resurrection, Jesus defeated death and sin and offers people the promise of eternal life if they follow his teachings. This is why there is a tradition for Christians to be baptized at Easter, which celebrates new life in God. However, the festival of Easter stretches back to pre-Christian times, too. It gets its name and some symbols, including the Easter Bunny, from the Pagan Spring Equinox festival, which is a celebration of spring and also of new life. Where are the accounts of Easter in the Bible?The account of the Easter story can be read in Mark, Chapters 14 to 16, or Luke, Chapters 22 to 24, and elements of it can be found in the other gospels too. Many of the events in the Easter story are foretold in the Old Testament in Isaiah chapter 53.Why does the date of Easter change from year to year?The date of Easter Sunday varies from year to year because it is based on the lunar calendar, It is celebrated on the first Sunday after the full moon, on or after March 21st.Do rabbits lay eggA.YB.NC.NG5.Flirt With SuicideThe life of David Woods was the stuff of an Australian boy's dream. He played professional rugby league football in a country that treats athletes as, idols. At 29, he had a loving family, a girlfriend, a 3-month-old baby, plenty of money, everything to live for. And for inexplicable reasons, nothing to live for. On New Year's Eve, Woods called his mother to announce that he had signed anew contract with his team, Golden Coast, recalls his elder brother, Tony. The next morning, he ran a hose from the exhaust pipe to the window of his Mitsubishi sedan (轿车) and gasses himself. His family still has no idea why.The death of David Woods came as a wake-up call to Australia, which is often voted as the ideal place to bring up kids. But the sun, the beaches and the sporting culture are the cheery backdrop to a disturbing trend: young Australian men are now killing themselves at the rate of one a day--triple the rate of 30 years ago. Though most Australians aren't particularly suicidal, their boys are. In 1990 suicide surpassed car accidents as the leading cause of death among males aged 15 to 24. Fun-loving Australia is now far worse off than Asian nations known for strict discipline. The yearly suicide rate for young Australian males is 2.5 times higher than in Japan, Hong Kong, or Singapore. Possible Causes for SuicideWhy boys? A nation of wide-open spaces and rugged individualism, Australia still idolizes the film star Gary Cooper model of masculinity: the strong, silent type who never complains, who always gets the job done. In recent years schools and social institutions have concentrated on creating new opportunities for equality for girls--while leaving troubled boys with the classic command of the Australian father: pull yourself together. It's past time to take a much closer look at the lives of young men, some researchers argue. "People think, 'My kids aren't doing drugs, my kids are safe at home'," says psychiatrist John Tiller of Melbourne University, who studied 148 suicides and 206 attempts in the state of Victoria. "They are wrong."The Haywards, a comfortably well-off family in Wyong, north of Sydney, figured they were dealing with the normal problems of troubled teenhood. Their son Mark had put up a poster of rock star Kurt Cobain, a 1994 suicide victim, along with a Cobain quote: "I hate myself and I want to die." "From the age of 12, Mark had his ups and downs--mood swings, depression and low self-esteem," says his father. The Haywards sent Mark to various counselors, none of whom warned that he had suicidal tendencies. By last year Mark was 19, fighting bouts (回合) of unemployment and a drug problem. He tried church, struggling to do the right thing. Last September he dropped out a detoxification (戒毒) program, and apologized to his parents. "I've let you down again." A few days later, his mother found Mark's body in bush-land near their home.In retrospect, Mark Hayward's struggles were far from uncommon. The number of suicides tends to keep pace with the unemployment rate, which for Australians between 15 and 19 has risen from 19 percent in 1978, the first year data were collected, to 28 percent last year. Suicide is especially high among the most marginal: young Aboriginal (土著的) men, isolated bypoverty, alcoholism and racism. As in other developed countries, Australian families have grown less cohesive in recent years, putting young men out into the world at an earlier age. Those who kill themselves often think "it'll make it easier for the parents by not being there".The deeper mystery is why the universal anguish of growing up should have such particularly devastating effects in Australia. One answer is that the country allows easier access to guns than most other developed Asian countries. (One exception is neighboring New Zealand, where guns are as easy to find, and the suicide rate among yA.YB.NC.NG6.A copyright protects the expression of an idea through______ that is original to the author.7.The author think such tagline as "Steak sauce only a cow could hate" conveys a negative feeling hardy ______.8.Taking interests into account, it is illogical that free-traders give bribes to protectionist via ______.9.It is proved that the uncontrolled activity of free radicals caused many cancers.A.YB.NC.NG10.Brain scans can make the doctors know the differences of patients' responses to danger, thus can cure their anxiety disorder.A.YB.NC.NG11.Cutting budget for science research and development further smothers incentives for American students to ______.12.It is estimated that there were ______ workdays lost each year due to employee depression.13.Fuller won ______ in 1954 for his achievement in the 42-foot cardboard shelter.14.Both blood pressure and the effects of stress will be decreased by the increase of______.15.The quick development of the Internet leads to more office spaces available.A.YB.NC.NG16.Identifying potential hazards ahead of time can reduce the dangers of serious injury or loss of life from an earthquake.A.YB.NC.NG17.According to Michael Twery, why don't those people with snoring problems go to sec their doctor?A.Because they arc afraid to be laughed at by others.B.Because they arc not aware of the problems due to their slow progress.C.Because they arc too busy to go to hospital.D.Because they are unwilling to talk about snoring problems.18.Not all people think American culture will be durable enough to meet ______.19.Environmentalists hold the view that growing GM crops affect ______. 20.New tree seedlings will not survive to reach the canopy level unless二、3.Listening Comprehension(20题)21.【B8】22.听力原文：M: I really can't understand why Peter isn't here yet. We agree to meet at 8:30. It's almost 9:00. Do you think we should leave for the airport? W: He probably got into some trouble with the traffic. Let's give him some more minutes.Q: What are these people going to do?(17)A.Leave for the airport.B.Look for Peter.C.Remove the trouble for Peter.D.Wait a little longer.23.(16)A.He is not satisfied with the pay.B.He is not able to enjoy paid holidays.C.The job is not very challenging for him.D.There is no hope of promotion.24.(22)A.Because they haven't seen each other for a long time.B.Because they can learn something together.C.Because they can claim more time of being together.D.Because they have the same idea.25.听力原文：W: After having done the tough assignment, why don't we havea leisurely walk in the park?M: What a pleasant way to end the day!Q: What do we learn about the man?(15)A.The man will go for a walk with the woman.B.The man doesn't enjoy walks in the park.C.The man likes the assignment.D.The man likes the bay nearby.26.听力原文：W: Joe, I thought your article in the school newspaper was right on target. You certainly convinced me anyway.M: Thank you Mary. Unfortunately, based on the general response, you and I are definitely in the minority.Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?(16)A.The man's article was written terribly.B.The man's article was completely off the point.C.The man's article was not accepted by the general public.D.The man's article was based on the general public.27.(26)A.Because he is airsick.B.Because he wants to have a good sleep on the plane.C.Because he doesn't like the window seat.D.Because he wants a more comfortable seat for his wife.28.(28)A.To show people how to get their lives back to normal.B.To show how difficult it is for people to lose weight.C.To remind people to check the calories on food bags.D.To illustrate how easily people abandon their goals.29.听力原文：Computer programmer David Jones earns 35,000 a year designing new computer games, yet he cannot find a bank prepared to let him have a check card. Instead, he has been told to wait another two years until he is 18.He works for a small firm in Liverpool, where most young people of his age are finding jobs. David's biggest headache iswhat to do with his money. Though he has high payment, he cannot drive a car, or get credit cards.David got his job four months ago, a year after leaving school with six O-levels and working for a time in a computer shop. "I got the job because the people who run the firm knew I had already written some programs," he said. "I suppose 35,000 sounds like a lot but I hope it will come to more than that this year." He spends some of Iris money on records and clothes, and gives his mother 20 a week as he lives with his parents. But most of his spare time is spent working."Unfortunately, computing was not part of our studies at school," he said. "ButI had been studying it in books and magazines for four years in my spare time.I knew what I wanted to do and never considered staying on at school. Most people in this business are fairly young, anyway. I would like to earn a million and I suppose early retirement is a possibility. You never know when the market might disappear."(33)A.He earns an extremely high payment.B.He has got a job.C.He lives at home with his parents.D.He does not go out much.30.【B7】31.听力原文：M: I'm sorry I'm late, Cindy.W: That's all tight, Joe. My house isn't that easy to find. But you know, you wouldn't have gotten lost if you had a "smart" car.M: A smart car? What's that?W: I just read a magazine article about some new technology that can make a car smart. One device is a computerized map display and a synthesized voice, you must enter the address where you want to go, and the voice tells you how to get there, street by street.M: Hey, that's just like my brother. He never gets lost, and he's always telling me the best route. So what else will smart cars be able to do?W: Well, the article said that they'll be equipped with radar warning systems that will warn drivers if they're getting too close to other cars with an alarm signal, and they'll even put on the brakes if the drivers don't.M: Tell me, Cindy, will these cars be smart enough to fill themselves up with gas?W: Not that I know of. Why do you ask?M: Well, I'm late not because I got lost—I'm late because I ran out of gas on the way over here.(20)A.From a newspaper advertisement.B.From a magazine article.C.From a television program.D.From an automobile dealer.32.(35)A.He was injured in a fight and had to leave the game.B.He fought with another player.C.He got in a fight with a fan and was thrown out of the game.D.He led his team to success.33.听力原文：W: Could you tell me how to get to the bus station from here? M: Go straight until you come to the stoplight. Turn to the left and go about three miles. When you get to the Agro Grocery Store, turn right. You can't miss it.Q: What is the woman trying to do?(13)A.Get directions to the bus station.B.Get to the grocery store.C.Give the man directions to the bus station.D.Find out where the stoplight is.34.【B6】35.【B5】36.【B10】37.(21)A.A subscription to a book.B.A bargain on dance lessons.C.A cheap airfare to Hawaii.D.A membership to sports club.38.(25)A.Leaders of the southern rebellion.B.Slaves in the southern states.C.Northern opponents of the war.D.Southern soldiers.39.听力原文：M: What that movie was about last night is quite beyond me. W: If you had read the book, you would have understood the movie better. Q: What does the woman mean?(19)A.He should have read the b6ok instead of going to the movie.B.He should have gone to the movie instead of reading the book.C.Reading the book will help the man understand the movie better.D.She thinks the book is easier to understand than the movie.40. 【B2】三、4.Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)(20题)41.Internet provides ______.A.consumers with international business opportunitiesB.subscribers with a cheap and efficient linkC.formal roles to oversee its usersD.telecommunications services to users42.According to politicians, when children commit crimes, they should be treated in the same way as43.Which of the following is NOT the effect of Aspirin?A.It can prevent the risk of heart attacks and strokes.B.It can drive away occasional aches and pains.C.It can prevent insomnia.D.It can induce stomach discomfort.44.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.When a patent becomes out of effect, it can be re-patented or extended if necessary.B.One can get all the details of a patented invention from a library attached to the patent office.C.A patent holder must publicize the details of his invention when its legal period is over.D.An inventor needs to apply for a patent before he makes his invention public.45.The reason why people announce that "things are not what they were in my young days" is that their ______ is not the same as before.46.It can be concluded from the passage that ______.puters will be capable of thought in the near futureputers think in a different way from human brainsputers can never compete with humans in thinkingputers possessed the ability to think at the very beginning47.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A.Some people regret their choices of love partners.B.In some partnership or relationship, he or she tries to control the other.C.Through psychological adjustment and therapy, one will feel satisfied with love.D.Partnership is a school from which it is not easy for us to graduate.48.The gold exchange standard differs from the gold standard in that ______. A.it does not establish a generally accepted international medium of exchangeB.it establishes no relationship between the value of a given currency and the value of goldC.the relationship it established between the value of any currency and the value of gold is indirect rather than directD.it is a two-tiered rather than a single-tiered system49.In order to better understand conservatism in China it is essential that one have a grasp of what the term "Chinese conservatism" means. Chinese conservatism is markedly different from the conservatism of the modem West. The political term "conservative" came about during the French Revolution and inspired men that were determined to preserve Christian and aristocratic elements in European society. Chinese conservatism began around the time of the Taiping Rebellion and had as its primary objectives the preservation of both Confucian society and non-feudal strains of pre-Opium War Chinese society. While western conservatism believes in sacredness of private property and distrust of cosmopolitanism, Chinese conservatism is the defense of rational cosmopolitan order. Thus, the only common area of agreement between European and Chinese conservatism is the intent to conserve.During the Tung-chih Restoration, the great aim was the revival of Confucian values and institutions. But these aims had to be modified so that they might endure. Restoration statesman had no desire to create a new society--they wanted to restore a society that they believed had been based on truth. The statesman of the Restoration stretched the traditional ideology to its limits in an effort to make the Confucian system work under new conditions. They were true conservatives in a great tradition, living in an age when revolutionary change was unavoidable. The aim of the Restoration was to restore to the original vitality the best of the ancient institutions. During the Restoration, the two immediate problems were the suppression of the rebellion and the stabilization of foreign relations. In addition, the people were striving for a restoration of the system of government by superior civil officials.The men in the hierarchy of the Restoration rose to prominence through proven ability in both civil and military affairs. They emphasized human and social training--that is, indoctrination, morality, and the art of leadership through the cultivation of character. The great majority of the officials rose through the examination system.During the chaos of this period the examination system had lost much of its effectiveness. This is imp ortant and must be noted because the examination system was the traditional avenue for selecting officials. The senior officials of the Restoration realized that their politics would be ineffective unless the quality of the junior officials was improved, so it was their politics to weed out the officials who had attained office in irregular ways and to promote the examination system as only way to high position. But these men of the Restoration had enough foresight to determine that it was impossible to select officials automatically on the basis of the objective tests alone. As a result, the system of recommendation was ushered in, whereby a high official sponsored the career of a promising young man. This acted as an important supplement to the examination system.The traditional method for selecting officials was ______.A.appointment by the civil governmentB.the examination systemC.through a subjective testing systemD.sponsorship by a high government officials50.The APEC dialogues are______.A.links of mutual restraint and dependenceB.bonds of development of world economyC.forms of doing business in the regionD.ties of mutual benefit and multilateral trade development51. The need of most of the dying patients for company shows their desire for ______.52.To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered ______.A.in well-worded languageB.as awkwardly as possibleC.in exaggerated statementsD.as casually as possible53.For all their great diversity of shapes and sizes, glaciers can be divided into two essential types: valley glaciers, which flow downhill from mountains and are shaped by the constraints of topography (地貌), and ice sheets, which flowoutward in all directions from dome--like centers of accumulated ice to cover vast expanse of terrain. Whatever their type, most glaciers are remnants of great shrouds of ice that covered the earth years ago. In a few of these glaciers the oldest ice is very ancient indeed; the age of parts of the Antarctic sheet may exceed 500,000 years.Glaciers are born in rocky womb above the snow line, where there is sufficient winter snowfall and summer cold for snow to survive the annual melting. The long gestation period of a glacier begins with the accumulation and gradual transformation of snow flakes. Soon after they reach the ground, complex snowflakes are reduced to compact, roughly spherical ice crystals, and the basic components of a glacier. As new layers of snow and firm, snow that survives the melting of the previous summer, accumulate, they squeeze out most of the air bubbles trapped within and between the crystals below. Thisprocess of recrystallization continues throughout the life of the glacier.The length of time required for the creation of glacier ice depends mainly upon the temperature and the rate of snowfall. In Iceland, where snowfall is heavy and summer temperatures are high enough to produce plenty of melt--water, glacier ice may come into being in a relatively short time--say, ten years. In parts of Antarctica, where snowfall is scant and the ice remains well below its melting temperature year round, the process may require hundreds of years. The ice does not become a glacier until it moves under its own weight, and it cannot move significantly until it reaches a critical thickness--the point at which the weight of the piled-up layers overcomes the internal strength of the ice and the friction between the ice and the ground. This critica} thickness is about 60 feet. The fastest moving glaciers have been gauged at not much more than two and a half miles per year, and some cover less than 1/100 inch in that same amount of time. But no matter how infinitesimal the flow, movement is what distinguishes a glacier from a mere mass of ice.Which of the following is NOT true about glaciers?A.Glaciers are diversified in shapes and sizes.B.Glaciers can be divided into valley glaciers and ice sheets.C.Glaciers are remnants of great shrouds of ice that covered the earth years ago.D.Few glaciers have a long history.54.Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. Before discussing the effect of deflation and inflation on the distribution of income, it will be useful to define these terms. By inflation we mean a time of generally rising prices of goods and factors of production, such as wages and rents. By deflation we mean a time when most prices and costs are falling. Neither in inflation nor in deflation do prices all move in the same direction or in exactly the same proportion. As a result of changes in relative prices and in total spending, the two processes of inflation and deflation cause definite and characteristic changes in the distribution of income among economic classes.Unforeseen inflation tends to favor debtors and profit receivers at the expense of creditors and fixed-income receivers. Suppose, for example, you lend＄1,000 today and me paid back one year from now. If in the meantime priceshave doubled, then your debtor will be paying back only one half as much real purchasing power as you gave him Or consider an American who was earning a fixed rate of 6% yearly on a mortgage prior to World War Ⅱ. After1939 he found that, as a result of inflation caused by World War Ⅱ, he was not even holding his own as far as real purchasing power of the dollar was concerned. On the other band, one who invests in real estate, in common stocks, or in commodities makes a great profit dining times of unforeseen inflation, when the volume of business sales increases greatly, as do prices, between the time that businesspersons buy and sell their merchandise, fixed or overhead costs remain the same; other costs rise, but not so rapidly as prices. For all these reasons, profits increase--often faster than the cost of living.In times of deflation, the situation is reversed Creditors and fixed-income receivers tend to gain at the expense of debtors and profit receivers. If prices fall between the time that a creditor lends money and is repaid, then he gets back more purchasing power than he lent. Between the time that a merchant buys and sells goods, he will have to take a loss. The school teacher who keeps his jobs and whose pay is not cut, however, finds that his real income has increased. Likewise, a hoarder who earns no interest on the money she keeps hidden finds the real value of her wealth increasing everyday as prices fall. If prices fall at the rate of 10% a year, she is being rewarded for her antisocial act of hoarding at a 10% rate of interest in real terms, while the businessperson who gives someone a job may find that he can't even get back his outlay, much less earn a profit.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A.Deflation means that prices all are falling.B.Fixed-income receivers can benefit much from inflation.C.Inflation occurs much more titan deflation.D.Even in inflation, prices of some goods may be falling55. What do people often think of heavy use of alcohol?A.It is a normal way to celebrate one's success.B.It can cause huge damage to people's health.C.It takes a heavy toll of human life every year.D.It can alleviate the tediousness of the routine work.56.The passage is primarily concerned with ______.57.(61)58.Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by。
2021-2022年河南省许昌市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题(含答案)
2021-2022年河南省许昌市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题(含答案)学校:________ 班级:________ 姓名:________ 考号:________一、2.Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(20题)1.It is difficult to ______ as soon as you are so obsessed with meeting people online.2.Smog is caused by chemical reactions between pollutants derived from different sources, primarily automobile exhaust and industrial emissions.A.YB.NC.NG3. According to scientists at the U.S. National Snow and lee Data Center, within about 60 years, there will be ______on the Arctic Ocean.4.The exact procedures, by which one can tell whether enough paint has been applied, are revealed in this text.A.YB.NC.NG5.Calories ______ will not stop immediately when your exercise is over.6.Hoss interprets the colors in dreams by a computer based approach called ______.7.Among the animals referred to in the passage, monkey is the most intelligent.A.YB.NC.NG8.Both mother-to-child transmission and partner-to-partner transmission can beprevented or protected effectively by drugs for ______.9.We usually do not play in our hours of leisure but spend them in various of______.10.The disadvantage of today's social networks is that to the outside web, they are not ______.11.People's emotions in the physical world will not be substituted by ______. 12.You should prepare for your computer disasters______.13. According to the passage, what happened to T-Pain since 2005?A.He had to give up Auto-Tune.B.He became very successful.C.He made a fortune working for the Prince.D.He won fame as teachers of well-known singers.14.Most people don't think British love music. That is because______.15.The cell phone industry says that future cell phones can provide ______ based on its ability to detect its exact location any where in the world.16.Brand manager's responsibilities are to ______ and analyse market research and contact with key opinion leaders.17.Evidence shows that the use of astronomic knowledge of astronomy greatlyaffected the life of the Mayas.A.YB.NC.NG18.When did hydroelectric power was universally considered as an environmentally safe and clean means of electricity generator?A.Around 250 BC.B.In 1982.C.In the middle .years of 20th century.D.Until only recently.19.At very cold temperature snow is ______so that the dogs cannot pull the load.20.David Vaughan's group found that most of the glaciers along the Peninsula were in retreat.A.YB.NC.NG二、3.Listening Comprehension(20题)21.(47)22.【B8】23. 【B5】24.听力原文：M: The washing machine in our apartment is more than seventeen years old, and it worked just fine until last night. Now, I can't for the life of me get it to work.W: You'll never be able to get spare parts for it. It might be time to invest in a more recent model.Q: What can be inferred from the conversation about the washing machine?(16)A.It should have lasted longer.B.The man should buy new parts for it.C.The man should consider buying a new one.D.It wasn't a good investment.25.听力原文：Too often young people get themselves employed quite by accident, not knowing what lies in the way of opportunity for promotion, happiness and security. As a result, they are employed doing jobs that afford them little or no satisfaction. Our school graduates face so much competition that they seldom care what they de so long as they can earn a living. Some stay long at a job and learn to like it, others move from one job to another looking for something to suit them. The young graduates who leave the university look for Jobs that offer a salary up to their expectations. Very few go out into the world knowing exactly what they want and realizing their own abilities. The reason behind all this confusion is that there never has been a proper vocational guidance in our educational institutions. Nearly all grope in the dark and their chief concern when they look for a job is to ask what the salary is like. They never bother to think whether they are suited for the job or, even more important, whether the job suits them. Having a job is more than merely providing yourself and your dependents with daily bread and some money for leisure and entertainment. It sets a pattern of life and in many ways, determines social status in life, selection of friends, leisure and interests. In choosing a career you should first consider the type of work which will suit your interests, Nothing is more sad than taking on a job in which you have no interest, for it will not only discourage your desire to succeed in life but also waste your talents and ultimately, make you an emotional wreck and a bitter person.(30)A.Because they want to earn high salary.B.Because schools do not teach students how to choose jobs.C.Because there has been severe competition in the job market.D.Because they have no working experience.26.(34)A.Because farmers use less insecticides now.B.Because farmers have been using insecticides for many years.C.Because insects use the mechanisms against plants to fight insecticides.D.Because insects have been eating plants for many million years.27.(32)A.Saws, choppers, axes, tongs, hooks.B.Axes, saws, choppers, tongs, hooks.C.Choppers, axes, saws, hooks, tongs.D.Axes, saws, choppers, hooks, tongs.28. 【B9】29.【B5】30.(26)A.Because he is airsick.B.Because he wants to have a good sleep on the plane.C.Because he doesn't like the window seat.D.Because he wants a more comfortable seat for his wife.31.【B6】32.听力原文：W: If Tom and Mary don't come to the party, I'll have 13. M: Let's invite two more just in case.Q: If everyone comas, how many will be at the party?(19)A.13B.17C.30D.1533.听力原文：W：You want to teach English to non-native speakers overseas? That sounds really exciting．And do you need some type of specific degree or experience to do that?M：Well，most employers overseas are looking for someone who has at least a Bachelor's degree and one or two years of teaching experience．Q：What are the requirements of being an English teacher overseas?(17)A.A Bachelor's degree and at least two years of teaching experience.B.A Doctor's degree and at least two years of teaching experience.C.A Bachelor's degree and at least one year of teaching experience.D.A Doctor's degree and at least one year of teaching experience.34.(19)A.Classical music.B.Folk music.C.Pop music.D.All kinds of music.35.(44)36.听力原文：Is your family interested in buying a dog? A dog can be a happy addition to your family, but if you choose the wrong kind of dog, the consequences can cause you a lot of trouble.Families should sit down and thoroughly discuss the problems involved before buying a dog. [29] Even if the children in your family are the ones who want the dog, the parents are the ones who are really responsible for seeing that the animal is properly cared for. If you don't know much about dogs, it's a good idea to go to the library or the ASPCA for books about various kinds of dogs, as well as books about how to train a puppy. In reading about the different breeds, you should know that a dog described as very alert may be too jumpy and bouncy. When a book describes a dog as an ideal hunting dog, it probably means that the dog won't be happy living in a small apartment. Dog breeds vary in popularity as the years go by. [30] One of the most popular dogs these days is the German shepherd, this is because it provides protection as well as comRanionship. The family should be warned that these dogs grow up to be very big, and may be too powerful for children to handle. If space is limited, a toy dog may be a good choice. There dogs are very small and easy to train. [3] They don't need to be walked daily, since they can exercise in the space available in the home.(33)A.Children.B.Family.C.Parents.D.ASPCA37.(45)38.(31)A.Schooling will interrupt children's education.cation is much more open-end and all-inclusive than schooling.C.Schooling has certain predictability while education often produces surprises.cation costs more time and money than schooling.39.(21)A.The person who is addicted to the Internet.B.The person who reads every label of the goods.C.The person who wants to buy fruit.D.The person who is not picky.40.听力原文：Our environment is being polluted faster than the nature and man's present efforts can prevent it. Time is bringing us more people, and more people will bring us more industry, more motor vehicles, larger cities, and the growing use of man-made materials.What can explain and solve this problem? The fact is that pollution is caused by man--by his desire for a modern way of life. We make "increasing industrialization" our chief aim. For its sake, we are willing to sacrifice everything: clean air, pure water, good food, our health and the future of our children. There is a constant flow of people from the countryside into the cities, eager for the benefits of modern society. But as our technological achievements have grown in the last twenty years, So pollution has become a serious problem.Isn't it time we stopped to ask ourselves where we are going and why? It reminds one of the stories about the airline pilot who told his passengers over the loudspeaker: "I've some good news and some bad news. The good news is that we're making rapid progress at 530 miles per hour. The bad news is that we are lost and don't know where we're going." The sad fact is that this becomes a true story when applied to our modern society.(33)A.It's because there are many developing nations.B.It's because people use too many man-made materials.C.It's because we have more and more industry.D.It's because we are building more vehicles.三、4.Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)(20题)41.The main function of a mentor is ______.42.The Supreme Court's decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of "double effect", a centuries-olii moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.trol terminally ill patients' pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.Professor George Ann as maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. "It's like surgery," he says. "We don't call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn't intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you're a physician, you can risk your patient's death as long as you don't intend their suicide."Just three weeks before the Court's ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report, Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the under-treatment of pain and aggressive use of "ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying" as the twin problems of end-of-life care.The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.Ann as says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care. "Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering," to the extent that it constitutes "systematic patient abuse." He says medical licensing boards "must make it clear...that painful deaths are presumptively (据推定) ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension."Which of the following best defines the word "aggressive" (Line 3, Para.5)?A.BoldB.HarmfulC.CarelessD.Desperate43.What is the American Dream of the well-to-do built upon?44.Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Wild ducks and other migratory (迁移的) birds could be important carriers of deadly bird flu, researchers say. Even so. the infectious-disease experts say there is no solid basis for killing wild birds to protect poultry and minimize the risk. of human infection.The European team investigating the global spread of the It5N1 strain of avian influenza (禽流感) says certain duck species may be infecting wild birdpopulations. Geese and wading birds are also possible vectors (带菌者) of the virus, the team says.The team's study was led by Bjorn Olsen of Umea University in Sweden~ Olsen runs Europe's largest wild-bird flu monitoring program.Studies have shown that influenza viruses in lake water, generally passed via bird feces(粪), can stay infectious for up to 30 days. The migration or feeding behavior. of dabbling ducks could at least partially explain the spread of the H5NI strain of bird flu, the researchers add.This group of duck species Includes mallards, teal, pintails, and others that feed at or near the surface, where viruses in water are most likely to be picked up. Perhaps as a result, dabblers have the highest known rates of avian influenza infection, the study says. For instance, nearly 13 percent of mallards tested positive for bird flu. Other species tested include the American black duck (18.1 percent) blue-winged teat (11.5 percent) and northern pintail (11.2 percent).However, bird flu viruses appear to exist in ducks in a low-pathogenic form, meaning infection doesn't usually lead to severe illness and death. "Dabbling ducks are for sure the prime hosts for low pathogenic viruses" said study co-author Ron Fouchier a virologist at the Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam, Netherlands. "But the big question is, how much of our knowledge about these viruses can we translate to high-pathogenic viruses such as the H5N1 strain of bird flu?"In poultry avian viruses can mutate(变异) into more virulent influenza strains, including H5NI. If this mutated virus then finds its way back into wild populations, the birds could then spread the disease through migration. Some scientists have argued that wild birds infected with HN51 would be too iii to migrate. Swans. for instance, appear to be particularly vulnerable to the strain. "Swans apparently drop dead quite easily, but they are unlikely to bethe vector because they are not going to fly very far if they are dead," Fouchier said.But the study team says that some birds that have been purposely infected for the sake of research show that wild birds can survive HSN1. "For some reason H5NI has adapted so it no longer kills dabbling ducks." Fouchier said. This means the ducks may be able to spread the virus over a wide area.The study team says migratory geese may also be vectors, because they often graze in huge flocks, a practice that could encourage transmission. Migrating ducks, the researchers add, "could provide an intercontinental bridge" for bird flu to North America. which has not yet had any known cases of HSNI.According to the author, what may be the possible carriers of bird flu?45.Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. Housing is recognized as a "socially determinant variable". In France, housing is the main item of expenditure in the family budget (accounting for an average of 29 percent), and many families would be unable to find decent housing without some help from the State. For a longtime, the main problem was the housing shortage but in recent years the deterioration of housing conditions has been giving even greater cause for concern.Despite extensive construction programs, the problem of housing for the most underprivileged population groups has not been solved. According to a recent report, between 2 and 3 million families had serious difficulties meeting their housing costs and were living in precarious and uncomfortable conditions. Policies designed to address the housing problem have shifted over the past few decades from a macro-economic approach promoting construction to housing subsidies. The reasons for this shift can be traced to a determination to limit public spending and to avoid some of the adversary effects of macro-economic policies. The State has to some extent ceased to finance housing, especially the construction of new projects, with the result that the cost is now chiefly and directly borne by the family budget. Many underprivileged families, which were excluded from low-rent housing for various reasons such as selection of tenants, saturation of existing capacity or bankruptcy, had no alternative but to purchase their own home and were encouraged to do so without restraint by the then easy terms of housing loans. The housing sector thus contributed to the development of the "economy of indebtedness". It should indeed be emphasized that "widespread home ownership through borrowing could only be very harmful to low-income families."In Belgium, the quality of housing, considered the prime indicator of housingdeprivation, leaves much to be desired. Low-rent housing projects have been cut back as part of the austerity (缩减) policy which is pursued by the national and regional governments, and low-income households are finding it difficult to find somewhere to live. The number of homeless has also taken on alarming proportions. An estimated 3000 persons spend nights in refuges, but the actual figure is probably much higher. Moreover, the number of homeless women and young persons is increasing.In this passage the author mainly argues that housing _____.A.is a problem that can be solved sociallyB.is a heavy burden for most underprivileged familiesC.is a widespread problem in some European countries.D.changes with social conditions.46. According to the earlier study, the Earth hasn't warmed as expected because______.A.the amount of greenhouse gases released is quite smallB.people are not sensitive to the change of the climateC.its climate may not be that sensitive to greenhouse gasesD.water vapor in the stratosphere has increased sharply47.From the passage, we can infer that ______.A.the government has made some critical policy changesB.the government has encountered budget problem in health-care reformC.the government requires the schools to meet nutritional standardsD.all Americans have realized the importance of losing weight48.The passage tells us that the majority of the British people______.A.like the government in office to be criticized by the parties which are in oppositionB.are keen on debate and discussionC.favor the sort of democratic process in ParliamentD.appreciate strong disagreements existing in Parliament49.The word "ritualistically" in the last paragraph equals something done ______.A.kind-heartedlyB.light-heartedlyC.in a way of ceremonyD.with less emphasis50.Why researchers put trees in extra carbon dioxide in the first study?A.To learn whether trees can still absorb carbon dioxide under extreme conditions.B.To get more oxygen from these trees.C.To evaluate the maximum carbon dioxide that trees can absorb.D.To see the growth rate of these trees.51.In human history, people's views on body weight______.A.were closely related to their religious beliefsB.changed from time to timeC.varied between the poor and the richD.led to different moral standards52.Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Electricity was born at the dawn of the last century. From then on, households have been inundated with a flood of home electric goods. What is the impact of this home electric goods revolution?It is argued here that the home electric goods revolution may liberate women from the home And it is true that many households never hesitate a second to adopt this new technology or that, however, in fact many of the home electric goods which are advertised as liberating the modern woman tend to have the opposite effect, because they simply change the nature of work instead of eliminating it. Machines have a certain novelty value, like toys for adults. It is certainly less tiring to put clothes in a washing machine, but the time saved docs not really amount to much: the machine has to be watched, the clothes have to be carefully sorted out first, stains removed by hand, buttons pushed and water changed, clothes taken out, aired and ironed It would be more liberating to pack it all off to a laundry and not necessarily more expensive, since no capital investment is required. Similarly, if you really want to save time, you do not make cakes with an electric mixer, you buy one in a shopIf one compares the image of the woman in the women's magazine with the goods advertised by those periodicals, one realizes how useful a projectedimage can be commercially. A careful balance has to be struck: if you show a labor-saving device, follow it up with a complicated recipe on the next page; on no account hint at the notion that a woman could get herself a job, but instead foster her sense of her own usefulness, emphasizing the creative aspect of her function as a housewife. So we get cake mixes(蛋糕粉) in whichthe cook simply adds an egg herself, to produce "that lovely homo-baked flavor the family love", and knitting patterns that can be made by hand, or worse still, on knitting machines, which became tremendously fashionable when they were first introduced. Automatic cookers are advertised by pictures of pretty young mothers taking their children to the park, not by professional women presetting the dinner before leaving home for work.Many electric appliances don't liberate modern women from housework because ______.53.Scorpions injected with prostaglandins move to hot areas to ______.A.engage in greater activityB.seek out a more-iron environmentC.demonstrate that they are illD.develop a fever and flight bacterial infections54.The current emergency in Mexico City that has taken over our lives is nothing. I could ever have imagined for me or my children. We are living in an environmental crisis, an air-pollution emergency of severity. What it really means is that just to breathe here is to play a dangerous game with your health.As parents, what terrorizes us most are reports that children are at higher risk because they breathe more times per minute. What more can we do to protect them and ourselves? Our pediatrician's (儿科医师的) medicalrecommendation was simple: abandon the city permanently. We are foreigners and we are among the small minority that can afford to leave. We are here because of my husband's work. We are fascinated by Mexico its history and rich culture. We knew that for us. this is a temporary danger. However. we cannot stand for much longer the fear we feel for our boys. We cannot stop them from breathing.But for millions. there is no choice. Their lives. their jobs. their futures depend on being here. Thousands of Mexicans arrive each day in this city. desperate for economic opportunities, Thousands more are born here each day. Entire families work in the streets and practically live there. It is a familiar sight: as parents hawk goods at stoplights, their children play in the grassy highwaydividers, breathing exhaust fumes. I feel guilty complaining about my personal situation; we won't be here long enough for our children to form. the impression that skies are colored only gray.And vet the government cannot do what it must to end this problem. For any country. especially a developing Third World economy like Mexico's, the idea of barring from the capital city enough cars, closing enough factories and spending the necessary billions on public transportation is simply not an option. So when things get bad, as in the current emergency, Mexico takes half measures-prohibiting some more cars from circulating, stopping some factories from producing-that even its own officials concede aren't adequate. The word "emergency" implies the unusual. But when daily life itself is an emergency, the concept loses its meaning. It is human nature to try to adapt to that which we cannot change, or to mislead ourselves into believing we can adapt.According to the passage, people in Mexico City are faced with______.A.serious air pollutionB.economic crisisC.unemploymentD.natural disaster55. What do people often think of heavy use of alcohol?A.It is a normal way to celebrate one's success.B.It can cause huge damage to people's health.C.It takes a heavy toll of human life every year.D.It can alleviate the tediousness of the routine work.56.What is the new force against the popular drug addiction in the United States?A.The parental movement.B.The organized school authorities.C.The child organization.D.The youth movement.57. The primary purpose of the text is to _____.A.discuss the importance of Griffith to the development of the cinemaB.describe the impact on cinema of the Victorian literature and artC.analyze the changes in the cinema brought by the introduction of the multireel filmD.emphasize Griffith's impact on the choice of subject matter in American films58.【C6】59.Although the author's first teacher was relieved, she left with her students ______ forever.60.American farmers' situation was becoming worse NOT because______.A.the Great Depression took placeB.they were no longer self-sufficientC.the Agriculture Adjustment Act was unconstitutionalD.unfavorable weather conditions brought about crop losses四、5.Error Correction(5题)61.【S4】62.【S7】63.【S8】64.【S6】65.【S3】五、6.Translation(5题)66. I don't think ________________ (你在主人面前卖弄你懂得更多知识不明智), for it may offend him.67. The visitors planned to ______ (花最少的时间游览公园以外的地方).68. It is true that the world faces problems of pollution, but it can______(通过全球的努力加以控制)69. ___________________(很少有人不抱怨工作单调乏味), but they will feel more bored if they do not work..70. The reasons behind the lack of physical activity in various nations ______ (除了汽车和电视的普及外，还包括都市化).参考答案1.break the habit/get out of the habit．break the habit/get out of the habit．解析：参看文章第三段第二句。
2021年6月大学英语六级仔细阅读练习题附答案及解析(3)
2021年6月大学英语六级仔细阅读练习题附答案及解析(3)Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Caught in a squeeze between the health needs of aging populations on one hand and the financial crisis on the other, governments everywhere are looking for ways to slow the growth in health-care spending. Increasingly, they are looking to the generic-drugs (普通药物) industry as a savior. In November Japan's finance ministry issued a report complaining that the country's use of generics was less than a third of that in America or Britain. In the same month Canada's competition watchdog criticized the country's pharmacies for failing to pass on the savings made possible by the use of generic drugs. That greed, it reckoned, costs taxpayers nearly C$1 billion a year.Then on November 28th the European Commission issued the preliminary results of its year-long probe into drug giants in the European Union. The report reached a damning~, though provisional, conclusion: the drugs firms use a variety of unfair strategies to protect their expensive drugs by delayingthe entry of cheaper generic opponents. Though this initial report does not carry the force of law (a final report is due early next year), it has caused much controversy. Neelie Kroes, the EU's competition commissioner, says she is ready to take legal action if the evidence allows.One strategy the investigators criticize is the use of the "patent duster( 专利群)". A firm keen to defend its drug due to go off-patent may file dozens or hundreds of new patents, often of dubious merit, to confuse and terrify potential copycats and maintain its monopoly. An unnamed drugs firm once took out 1,300 patents across the EU on a single drug. The report also suggests that out-of-court settlements between makers of patented drags and generics firms may be a strategy used by the former to delay market entry by the latter.According to EU officials, such misdeeds -have delayed the arrival of generic competition and the accompanying savings. On average, rite report estimates, generics arrived seven months after a patented drug lost its protection, though where the drug was a big seller the lag was four months. The report says taxpayers paid about q 3 billion more than they would have-had the generics gone on sale immediately.But hang on a minute, Though many of the charges of badbehavior leveled at the patented-drugs industry by EU investigators may well be true, the report seems to let the generics industry off the hook(钩子) too lightly. After all, if the drugs giants stand accused, in effect, of bribing opponents to delay the launch of cheap generics, shouldn't the companies that accepted those "bribes" also share the blame?56. Why are governments around the world seeking ways to reduce their health-care spending?A) They consider the generic-drugs industry as a savior.B) They are under the double pressure of aging group and financial crisis.C) Health-care spending has accounted too large proportion.D) Health-care spending has cost taxpayers too much income.57. What can we learn from the report issued by the European Commission?A) Drug firm will use just ways to protect their drags.B) Cheaper generic drugs are easy to enter market,C) The report has come to an ultimate conclusion.D) The final report may lead to commissioner's legal action.58. The investigators seriously condemned the drug firms for__________.A) they do not let their opponents to resort to the cometB) they use clusters of patents to protect their productsC) they bribe the cheaper generic opponentsD) trey do not pass on the savings made by use of generic drugs59. On average, the genetics will be delayed to enter the market by __________.A) seven monthsB) three monthsC) four monthsD) eleven months60. Which of the following accords with the author's view?A) Charges on patented-drug industry are anything but true.B) Generics industry is a sheer victim in the competition.C) Only drug giants are to blame.D) Exclusion of generics industry from taking responsibility is questionable.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Yet with economies in free fail, managers also need up-to-date information about what is happening to their businesses, so that they can change course rapidly if necessary. Cisco, an American network-equipment giant, hasinvested over many years in the technology needed to generate such data .Frank Caideroni, the firm's CFO, says that every day its senior executives can track exactly what orders are coming in from sales teams around the world, and identify emerging trends in each region and market segment. And at the end of each month, the firm can get reliable financial results within four hours of closing its books. Most firms have to wait days or even weeks for such certainty.Admittedly, Cisco's financial results have not made happy reading recently because, in common with many other large technology companies, it has seen demand for its products decline in the downturn. In early February it announced that its fiscal second-quarter revenues of $ 9.1 billion were 7.5% lower than the same period in 2021 and that its profit had fallen by 27%, to $1.5 billion.In response to hard times, Cisco plans to cut $1 billion of costs this year by, among other things, making use of its own video-conferencing and other communications technologies to reduce the amount its executives travel. It is also using these facilities to relay information from employees on the ground to its senior managers, and to get instructions from Cisco's leaders back out to its 67,000 staff. A rapid exchangeof information and instructions is especially valuable if the company wants to alter course in stormy times.If everybody in a company can rapidly grasp what they have to do and how it is changing, they are more likely to get the job done. But some firms are reluctant to share their goals with the wider world. Unilever, a big Anglo-Dutch consumer-goods group, has decided against issuing a 2021 financial forecast to investors, arguing that it is difficult to predict what is going to happen, given the dangerous state of the world economy. "We're not just going to provide numbers for the sake of it," explains James Allison, the company's head of investor relations. Other companies that have decided not to provide annual earnings estimates for 2021 include Costco, a big American retailer, and Union Pacific, an American railway company.Some firms, such as Intel, seem to have chosen to take things quarter by quarter. The giant chipmaker(芯片制造商) said in January that it would not issue an official forecast for the first quarter of 2021 after its fourth-quarter 2021 profit decreased by 90%. Several retail chains have also stopped providing monthly sales estimates because they cannot see what the future holds. Retailers, chipmakers and firms inmany other industries may have a long wait before the economic fog finally lifts.61. What can we learn about Cisco from the passage?A) It will keep a record of the orders from sales teams.B) It cuts $1 billion cost by solely relying on its own technologies.C) Unlike other technology companies, its financial reports are encouraging.D) Only employees can use the video-conferencing to pass information.62. According to the author, the staff can perform better by__________.A) getting instructions from their senior managersB) seizing what to do at hand and what to do nextC) having a financial forecast as a goalD) sharing their goals with others63. What is important in the unstable time ff a company wants to change strategies?A) To issue company's financial reports faster.B) To obtain the up-to-date information of company's business.C) To predict what is going to happen in the future.D) To wait until the economic fog finally lifts.64. The reason Unilever plans not to issue financial forecast in 2021 lies in__________.A) its reluctance to share its goal with othersB) its rapid grasp of changes in the marketsC) the unstable economic situationD) its reduction in the cost of prediction65. What can we know about the giant chipmaker, Intel in the passage?A) It did not issue first-quarter forecast for great decrease in January.B) Inters chain store used to report sales estimates by year.C) Only retailers and chipmakers are greatly influenced.D) Intel's profit was greatly decreased in 2021's last quarter.答案解析：56．B)。