考研英语大作文笔记

考研英语大作文笔记
考研英语大作文笔记

大作文

一、总原则

喂猴原则:改卷老师希望看到什么就写什么。

二、作文的三维结构

1、结构——骨架;

2、语言——血肉;

3、内容——灵魂;(写作大作文中一定要有一定的写作意义,或鼓励或批判)

三、考研作文总体要求

?结构清晰化:三段式

?语言凶悍化:词:高级化(点缀词5~10个)

?句:多样化(长短句搭配使用)

?开头套路化:三步写透重点

?论证充实化:六维论证

四、考研书写总体要求

?一、.拼写

?清晰(不要写连笔,每个字母最好分开写)

?圆润

?少涂改(最多3~4处简单涂改,画斜线即可,不要涂)

二.语言

1.书面化

警察cop (条子,粗语,不要写)

应该写:

policeman

police officer

再见goodbye(太平凡)

farewell

wave farewell to

尽最大努力do one’s best

尝试用Exert one’s utmost代替

例如:

中国将致力于解决环境保护的难题。

China will exert its utmost to address the knot of environmental protection.

2.生动化,具体化

玫瑰百合丁香月季菊花……

Old summer is a good teacher.

Handsome(男子)英俊的,大方的;

Charming迷人的,英俊的;

skinny极瘦的,小气的;

Masculineadj. 男性的;阳性的;男子气概的;

Responsible负责的,可靠的;有责任的

experienced老练的,熟练的;富有经验的

knowledgeable知识渊博的,有知识的;有见识的;聪明的

erudite博学的;有学问的

thought-provoking发人深省的;引起思考的

我毕业之后要找一份好工作。

After graduation, I will find a good job.

High-paid高薪的

Comfortable舒适的

Suitable 合适的

Stable 稳定的

Promising 有前途的

Challenging 有挑战的

3.互换化

昔人已乘黄鹤去

此地空余黄鹤楼

黄鹤一去不复返

白云千载空悠悠

黄鹤

金鸟

橙雀

大学生:

College students

Undergraduate students

My college peers(平辈,同事)

五、考研作文十大必背写作词汇

认为:

Argue

Claim .要求;声称;需要;认领

Deem认为,视作;相信

Contend主张;为...斗争

Hold the opinion

Maintain(主张)the view

Embrace(信奉)the view

好的:

Positive积极的;正的,阳性的;确定的

Favorable有利的;良好的;

Rewarding有益的,值得的;

Excellent卓越的;极好的;杰出的

坏的:

Adverse不利的;相反的;

Dreadful可怕的;糟透的,令人不快的

Unfavorable不利的;

普遍的:

Common共同的;普通的;一般的;通常的

General一般的,普通的;

Universal普遍的;通用的;

Prevalent流行的;普遍的,广传的

Pervasive普遍的;到处渗透的

重要的:

Crucial重要的;决定性的;定局的;决断的

Critical决定性的;

Essential基本的;必要的;本质的;精华的

Significant重大的;有效的;有意义的;值得注意的;意味深长的

Indispensable不可缺少的;绝对必要的;责无旁贷的

Irreplaceable不可被取代的;

导致:

Result in

Give rise to

Account for

Be responsible for

Trigger引发,引起;触发(n.扳机)

有意义的,深远的,有启迪性的。

Meaningful有意义的;意味深长的

Inspiring鼓舞人心的;灌输的;启发灵感的

Far-reaching深远的;广泛的;伸至远处的

Thought-provoking发人深省的;引起思考的

Profound 深厚的;意义深远的;渊博的

支持

Advocate提倡,主张,拥护

approve(vi. 批准;赞成;满意)of

give one’s assent (vi. 同意;赞成)on

recommend推荐;建议

反对

Criticize批评;评论;

oppose反对;对抗,抗争

object(vi. 反对;拒绝)to

好处

Advantage优势;利益;有利条件

Merit优点,价值;功绩;功过

Benefit利益,好处;救济金

坏处

Disadvantage缺点;不利条件;损失

Defect缺点,缺陷;不足之处

Flaw瑕疵,裂纹;缺点;一阵狂风

Drawback缺点,不利条件;退税

Deficiency缺陷,缺点;缺乏;不足的数额

强调

Placeemphasis(重点;强调;加强语气)on/

Attach emphasis to/

Focus(vi. 集中;聚焦;)/ Stress on/

Highlight vt.突出;强调;使显著;加亮

Underlinevt.强调;在…下面划线;预告

六、考研三大超级无敌牛魔王黄金句型

1.倒装句

(1)否定词开头倒装—部分倒装

?Never, seldom, hardly, only, no longer, by no means……

?我永远都不会忘记那时准备考研的日子。

?Never will I forget the days when I was preparing for my GSEE.

?我们没法想象环境状况有多么的糟糕。

?Hardly can we imagine how terrible our environment condition is.

?我们永远也无法忽视合作在成功中的重要性。

?By no means can we ignore the significance of cooperation in success.

(2)介词短语(方位状语)开头倒装。

?从前有个山,山上有个庙,庙里有个老和尚。

?Once there is a mountain, and there is a temple standing upon the mountain, and there is an elderly monk living in the temple.

?Upon the mountain stands a temple; in the temple lives an elderly monk.

?在阳光里站着一位可爱的美国少女。

图1

?In the sunshine stands a lovely American girl.

?在阴暗处有一盏油灯。

?

图2

?In the shadow stands an oil lamp.

2.分词短语做伴随状语

?什么是伴随:两套相关主谓关系同时发生。

?主语1谓语1,主语2谓语2.

(1)当两句主语相同时,判断从句中主被动关系。

?主动------现在分词

?被动------过去分词

Eg:

?策马奔腾共享人世繁华

对酒当歌唱出心中喜悦

?We ride horses, and we enjoy the prosperity of life.

?We ride horses, enjoying the prosperity of life.

?We sing to wines, expressing our joy of heart.

?在阴暗处有一盏油灯,点亮了周围的黑暗。(图2)

?In the shadow stands an oil lamp, lightening up the darkness around it.

?在阳光里有一个可爱的美国女孩,穿戴着传统的中国服饰。(图1)

?In the sunshine stands a lovely American girl, wearing traditional Chinese costume.

(2)当主语不相同

?主语1+分词1,主语2+谓语2。

?独立主格(分词)

? 1.主语1+现在/过去分词1,主语2+谓语2。

? 2.主语1+谓语1,with 主语2+现在/过去分词2.

eg:

?张家铭在讲课,夏伟在玩手机。

?Chris is giving a lecture, and David is playing his cell phone.

?Chris giving a lecture, David is playing his cell phone.

?Chris is giving a lecture, with David playing his cell phone.

?一个老汉像一个球一样蜷缩着在球场中间,而他的孩子们却无情地守着自己的门,把他踢走。(2004)

?

图3

?An aged man is crouching like a football in the middle of the pitch, with his children guarding the goal mercilessly, kicking him away.

?在阴暗处中有一盏油灯照亮了周围的黑暗,一束火苗在开心地微笑。(图2)

?An oil lamp is lightening up the darkness around it, with a spark smiling joyously.

?In the shadow stands an oil lamp, lightening up the darkness around it, with a spark smiling joyously.

?一个乐观主义者正在伸手去拿地上的半瓶水,而一个悲观主义者却在一旁哀叹。

?乐观者optimist 悲观者pessimist 哀叹sigh

?An optimist is catching a half bottle of water on the ground, with a pessimist sighing aside.

3.虚拟语气

?万能结语:

?It is imperative that people should take drastic measures to solve the problems of environmental protection.

七、考研写作的冲刺

?通结构(三段结构)

?熟句型

?明思路(中间段)

?对范文

?中英译

?足十篇

1、考研大作文总体结构

?开头段:描述图画/图表

?中间段:分析问题

?结尾段:个人总结及措施

2、3+6+1 写作套路

?三步开头(描述图画)

?六维论证(中间段,分析问题)

?一套结尾(个人总结、感想)

3、开头段图画的描述

?开头三步走:

? 1.概述图画内容

? 2.描述图画场景

? 3.翻译图画标题(可选)

(1)概述图画内容

?句型1:

?What the (adj.)图reflects/reveals is a (adj.) social phenomenon.

?句型2:

?It is a (adj.)social phenomenon revealed/ conveyed in this (adj.)图.

?句型3:

?What we can observe from this (adj.) 图is a (adj.) social phenomenon.

图的写法

?卡通图cartoon

?手绘图sketch

?照片photo

?人物头像图portrayal

用来修饰图的形容词

?内涵意义的:

?Meaningful/inspiring/thought-provoking/far-reaching/profound

?生动有趣的:

?Vivid/interesting/amusing/dramatic

用来修饰social phenomenon的形容词(前面有的十大必背写作词汇)

?好的

?坏的

?重要的

?普遍的

?有意义的

?What this thought-provoking cartoon reveals is a prevalent social phenomenon.

?It is a positive social phenomenon conveyed in this vivid sketch.

?What we can observe from this inspiring picture is a far-reaching social phenomenon. (2).描述图画场景

单个主体:

As is depicted in it, 在地点动作着主体,行为。

两个主体:

As is depicted in it, 在地点动作着主体1,行为1,with 主体2行为2。

As is depicted in it,在地点动作着主体1,with 主体2行为1,行为2。

(行为是分词的形式)

?As is depicted in it, on the race track is a young man, sweating and running towards the final which is also defined as a new start.

?As is depicted in it, in the shadow stands an oil lamp, lightening up the darkness around it, with a spark smiling joyously.(图2)

?As is depicted in it, in the sunshine stands a lovely American girl, wearing traditional Chinese costume and decorations, with a joyous smile being on her face.(图1)?As is depicted in it, in several small boxes live many people, including men and women, old and young, chatting with each other on the internet and totally ignoring others’ existence.

?As is depicted in it, on the table is a hot-pot, cooking a variety kinds of cultural ingredients, including the Buddhism and modernism, etc.

双图情况的处理

?As is depicted in the first cartoon, in a green house is a flower, growing vigorously, with the shelter keeping it away from the storm. And in the second cartoon, the flower can not withstand the driving rain when removed away from the green house, with the petals scattering on the ground.

(3).描述字幕

? 1.The caption reads “the flowers from green house can not stand the storm.”

? 2.We are informed by the caption “the final is also a new start.”

? 3.below the picture lies the caption “cultural hot pot, delicious and nutritious.”

综合范例:

?这幅意义深刻的图展示了一个深刻的话题。如图所示,在一座山的顶峰上站着一个智慧的人,注视着远方,而白云都在他的脚下。字幕说:站得高,看得远。

?What this meaningful cartoon reveals is a far- reaching issue. As is depicted in it, upon the peak of a mountain stands a wise man, gazing far away, with the clouds being below him. And the caption reads “one can see further if he stands higher.”

?9.

?It is a urgent and prevalent social phenomenon conveyed in this amusing cartoon. As is depicted in it, on a thick pile of papers stands an elderly professor, ignoring his students, with his students yelling “Professor, the blackboard is down below!”

? 5.

?What we can observe from the vivid cartoon is a prevalent social phenomenon. In the middle of the picture is an exhausted boy, facing endless after-school curriculum, with his parents staring at him from behind.

4、中间段的写作

六维论证(选择3~4点写就够了)

?内涵(必须写)

?现状

?举例

?名言

?原因

?结果

内涵(内在对象、指代对象)

1.Simple as the picture is, the connotation behind it should be kept an eye on, which informs us that due attention should be paid to the issue of ……

?Homely

?Sorry-looking

? E.g. Simple as the picture is, the connotation behind it should be kept an eye on, which informs us that due attention should be paid to the issue of our environmental condition

2.This picture endeavors to convince us that nothing in this contemporary society is as (adj.) as the issue of ***.

?This picture endeavors to convince us that nothing in this competitive contemporary society is as critical and prevalent as the issue of cooperation.

3.The particular metaphor of this (adj.) picture is to endow us with the conception that nothing equals *** in significance in ……..

? E.g. The particular metaphor of this inspiring picture is to endow us with the conception that nothing equals cultural mixture in significance in this globalized planet.

注意:图中有象征时需单独指出!

?Apparently,*** symbolizes/epitomizes/ is associated with/ is an abstract representation of +++.

?Apparently, the delicate flower symbolizes the over-protected child, and the storm is an abstract representation of troubles that a child meets.

?Apparently, the name of Beckham is just an abstract representation of the popular idols. 现状

1. the past several years/decades have witnessed the situation that ……

? E.g. the past decade has witnessed the dramatic increase of international cultural communication.

2.this phenomenon of …… has been so prevalent that we can read articles pertaining to it

almost every week on the internet.

?This phenomenon of being addicted to the internet has been so prevalent that we can read articles pertaining to it almost every week on the internet.

3.Along with the sharp/speedy/notable/ remarkable development/advance of ……, people in

growing numbers ……….

?领域the contemporary society/ higher education/the economy/ our everyday life/

?Human’s civilization

?Civil

?Along with the notable adv ance of human’s civilization, people in growing numbers are becoming fascinated by foreign culture.

举例

? 1.It can be perfectly exemplified by the case of……, which/who……

? 2.As a case in point, *** may be a perfect example in that…….

? 3.Looking into the society around us, we may find numerous fitting examples, such as…..

? E.g. It can be perfectly exemplified by the case of Yao Ming, who won a universal respect in NBA as a Chinese basketball player.

? E.g. looking into the society around us, we may find numerous examples of people who win their fame overnight, such as Sister Phoenix and PSY.

名言

?As Confucius once said “The glory for a man is not never to fall, but to stand up every time he falls.”

?As the old proverb goes “All work no play makes jack a dull boy.”

名言的处理技巧

?1)名人法

?As Adimis, a renowned Greek philosopher, once said, “people are wiser when they know each other better.

?2)亲人法

?As my father once said “……”

?My mother always said to me “……”(阿甘正传)

? E.g.

?合作

?“Three heads a better than one.” ----Chinese proverb

?勇气

?“Courage is going from failure to failure without losing enthusiasm.”----Winston Churchill

?https://www.360docs.net/doc/be90881.html,(漫画网站)

原因

原因的二重思维

?社会?

?个体?

? 1. Due to/Owing to/On account of the acceleration of social development and the quickening pace of life,…….(现状描述)

? 2.with the competition getting increasingly fierce and pressure for youngsters becoming growingly tremendous,……(现状描述)

? 3. with the capitalist society developing, some companies put the making of more profit ahead of others, losing their morality….

个人原因

? 1.主观上:是否知道,是否想要,是否愿意。

? 2.客观上:是否有时间,是否有金钱,是否有精力。

原因等于二:

? 1. Several reasons, both social and individual, are responsible for this situation. On the one hand,…… On the other hand,…….

原因大于二:

? 2.we may attribute/ascribe this situation to the following reasons. From the social aspect,…… From the individual aspect, ……

结果

好事:

? 1.……exert a profound influence on……, (which……)

? 2.Imagine that if there were no…… ,…… would ……

? 3.suppose that ……., ……would……

坏事:

? 1.If we turn a blind eye to this situation, …… would ……

? 2.If we continue our ignorance of ……, …… would ……

?Life is but choices.

六维论证举例

?学生学习负担大:

?内涵:

?Simple as the picture is, the connotation behind it should be kept an eye on, which informs us that due attention should be paid to the issue of overburden of primary school students.

?现状

?this phenomenon of having too much after-class arrangement for teenagers has been so prevalent that we can read articles pertaining to it almost every week on the internet.

?举例:

?It can be best exemplified by the case of my little brother, a grade 5 pupil, who has English and piano training lectures every weekends, having no time to play.

?名言

?As the old proverb goes “All work no play makes jack a dull boy.”

?原因

?We may attribute this situation to the following reasons. From the social aspect, with the competition getting more fierce, many parents believe that children should be successful at a staring line of life. From the individual aspect, many parents don’t realize that it is child ren’s nature to enjoy their joyously time actually.

?If we continue of ignorance of this situation, our next generation will have to bear a tremendous pressure.

?综合后:

?Simple as the picture is, the connotation behind it should be kept an eye on, which informs us that due attention should be paid to the issue of overburden of primary school

students. this phenomenon of having too much after-class arrangement for teenagers has

been so prevalent that we can read articles pertaining to it almost every week on the

internet. It can be best exemplified by the case of my little brother, a grade 5 pupil, who

has English and piano training lectures every weekends, having no time to play. As the

old proverb goes “All work no play makes jack a dull boy.” We may attribut e this

situation to the following reasons. From the social aspect, with the competition getting

more fierce, many parents believe that children should be successful at a starting line of

life. From the individual aspect, many parents don’t realize that it is children’s nature to

enjoy their joyously time actually. However, if we continue of ignorance of this situation,

our next generation will have to bear a tremendous pressure.

考研作文中间段既是六维论证其中4-5条的组合。字数看发挥可到120-200字不等.

举例:嫦娥登月

?The particular metaphor of this far-reaching picture is to endow us with the conception that nothing equals the power of science in significance in this contemporary society.

With the government placing more emphasis on the field of science, the past several

decades have witnessed the speedy advance in our astronomical industry. As Deng

Xiaoping, the architect of China’s reform and opening up policy, once said “Scientific

technology is the most influential of all.” It can be best exemplified by another case of

“Shenzhou” spaceship, w hich made China the third country that carries human to the

space. These advance in science exert a profound influence on the further development of

our nation.

举例:假药

?This picture endeavors to convince us that nothing in this contemporary society is as pervasive and dreadful as the issue of fake medicine. Indeed, this phenomenon of

poisonous medicine has been so prevalent that we can read articles pertaining to it almost

every week on the internet. Looking into the society around us, we may find numerous

fitting examples, such as poisonous capsule and fake Chinese medicine. We may ascribe

this situation to the following reasons. From the social aspect, with the capitalist society

developing, several companies sell fake commodities to earn a higher profit. From the

individual aspect, some people don’t realize the deadly seriousness of unsafe

medicine.1.If we turn a blind eye to this situation, these fake medicine will definitely pose

a adverse threat on people’s physical health.

5、结尾段:

?结尾段的套路:个人总结+建设性意见(2-3条)

?个人总结:

?To summarize/from my perspective/ accordingly, ……

?句型1:

?It is imperative that people should adopt drastic measures to address the knot of ***(坏事)

?句型2:

?The highest priority should be given to the issue of…… and effective measures should be taken to push forward this trend.(好事)

建设性意见

? 1.政府

? 2.法律

? 3.媒体

? 4.个人

? 5.教育

? 1.政府

?As authorities, our government should realize the seriousness/significance of *** and publicize and emphasize it to citizens.

? 2.法律

?Law and regulations should be enacted to standardize/punish the behaviors of ……

? 3.媒体

?Medias should undertake their responsibilities to publicize the significance/ seriousness of *** in order to arouse public awareness.

? 4.个人

?We each individual should start from ourselves and …………

? 5.教育

?We have to place a greater emphasis on the issue of *** in our primary/higher education so as to cultivate the consciousness that…….

Eg:考试作弊

?Accordingly, in order to maintain our academic atmosphere in campus, it is imperative to adopt drastic measures to address the knot of cheating in exams. To begin with, as authorities, our college should realize the dreadful consequence of dishonest behaviors and publicize it to students. What is more, more strict regulations should be enacted to punish the students who disobey the rules. Only in this way can our university be a purer place for students.

补充:

开头段:1、概述图。2、描述图中的场景。3、标题

中间段:4~9句,选择6个维度的3~4写。

结束段:10、总结。11~12、意见或建议。

刘晓艳考研英语笔记教案资料

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accommodate 使适应,使符合一致accommodate oneself to changed circumstances accompany 陪伴,伴随 She was accompanied to a dinner by her friend. accomplish 达到(目的),完成(任务),实现(计划,诺言等)accomplish one's purpose accord 使符合,相一致(with) His violent action do not accord with his peaceful words. account 记述,叙述 give a brief account of what has happened accumulate 积累,积攒,积聚 accumulate wisdom accurate 准确的,精确的 an accurate estimate accuse 指控,指责 They accused her publicly of stealing their books. accustom 使习惯于 accustom oneself to rising (to rise) early acquaint 使认识,使了解 activate 使活动起来,使开始起作用,启动 They have planted secret agents in many countries who could be activated whenever needed.

acute 尖锐的,敏锐的 an acute thinker address 演说 a television address adhere 黏附,附着 Paste is used to make one surface adhere to another. adjacent 临近的,毗邻的(to) a city and its adjacent suburbs adjoin 贴近,与...毗邻 His house adjoins the lake. administrate 掌管,料理...的事务 In many Japanese homes, the funds are administrated by the wife. adolescent (尤指16岁以下的)青少年 a film aimed at adolescents advance 使向前移动 advance a chessman advantage 有利条件,优点 Sitting Presidents hold built-in advantages when seeking another term. adverse 不友好的,敌对的 She felt adverse to her husband's friends. advocate 拥护,提倡,主张 advocate self-defence aesthetic 美学的,艺术的,审美 an aesthetic theory affliliate 使隶属(或附属)于,使成为会员 a government affiliated company affirm 断言,申明 affirm the truth of a statement

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