西安兵马俑英文导游词
西安兵马俑英文导游词
西安兵马俑英文导游词： Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum and the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses Museum Emperor Qin Shihuang (259-210B.C.) had Ying as his surname and Zheng as his given name. He name to the throne of the Qin at age 13, and took the helm of the state at age of 22. By 221 B.C., he had annexed the six rival principalities of Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei, and established the first feudal empire in China’s history. In the year 221 B.C., when he unified the whole country, Ying Zheng styled himself emperor. He named himself Shihuang Di, the first emperor in the hope that his later generations be the second, the third even the one hundredth and thousandth emperors in proper order to carry on the hereditary system. Since then, the supreme feudal rulers of China’s dynasties had continued to call themselves Huang Di, the emperor. After he had annexed the other six states, Emperor Qin Shihuang abolished the enfeoffment system and adopted the prefecture and county system. He standardized legal codes, written language, track, currencies, weights and measures. To protect against harassment by the Hun aristocrats. Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered the Great Wall be built. All these measures played an active role in eliminating the cause of the state of separation and division and strengthening the unification of the whole country as well as promotion the development of economy and culture. They had a great and deep influence upon China’s 2,000 year old feudal society. Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered the books of various schools burned except those of the Qin dynasty’s history and culture, divination and medicines in an attempt to push his feudal autocracy in the ideological field. As a result, China’s ancient classics had been devastated and destroy. Moreover, he once ordered 460 scholars be buried alive. Those events were later called in history“the burning of books and the burying of Confucian scholars.” Emperor Qin Shihuang，for his own pleasure, conscribed several hundred thousand convicts and went in for large- scale construction and had over seven hundred palaces built in the Guanzhong Plain. These palaces stretched several hundred li and he sought pleasure from one palace to the other. Often nobody knew where he ranging treasures inside the tomb, were enclosed alive. Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum has not yet been excavated. What looks like inside could noly be known when it is opened. However, the three pits of the terra-cotta warriot excavated outside the east gate of the outer enclosure of the necropolis can make one imagine how magnificent and luxurious the structure of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum was. No.1 Pit was stumbled upon in March 1974 when villagers of Xiyang Village of Yanzhai township, Lintong County, sank a well 1.5km east of the mausoleum. In 1976, No.2 and 3 Pits were found 20m north of No.1 Pit respectively after the drilling survey. The terra-cotta warriors and horses are arrayed according to the Qin dynasty battle formation, symbolizing the troops keeping vigil beside the mausoleum. This discovery aroused much interest both at home and abroad. In 1975, a museum, housing the site of No.1 and covering an area of 16,300 square meters was built with the permission of the State Council. The museum was formally opened to public on Oct.1, the National Day, 1979. No.1 Pit is 230 meters long from east to west, 62m wide from north to south and 5m deep , covering a total area of 14,260 square meters. It is an earth-and-wood structure in the shape of a tunnel. There are five sloping entrances on the eastern and western sides of the pit respectively. The pit is divided into eleven corridors by ten earthen partition walls, and the floors are paved with bricks. Thick rafters were placed onto the walls (but now one can only see their remains), which were covered with mats and then fine soil and earth. The battle formation of the Qin dynasty, facing east. In the east end are arrayed three lines of terra-cotta warriors, 70 pieces in each, totaling 210 pieces. They are supposed to be the van of the formation. Immediately behind them are 38 columns of infantrymen alternating with war chariots in the corridors, each being 180m long. They are probably the main body of the formation. There is one line of warriors in the left, right and west ends respectively, facing outwards. They are probably the flanks and the rear. There are altogether 27 trial trench, it is assumed that more than 6,000 clay warriors and horses could be unearthed from No.1 Pit. No.2 Pit sis about half the size of No.1 Pit, covering about 6,000 square meters Trail diggings show this is a composite formation of infantry, cavalry and chariot soldiers, from which roughly over 1,000 clay warriors, and 500 chariots and saddled horses could be unearthed. The 2,000-year-old wooden chariots are already rotten. But their shafts, cross yokes, and wheels,
西安兵马俑博物馆导游词(绝对精选简洁版)Terracotta Warriors and Horses
Good morning, Madam, glad to see you. I’m your interpreter in the museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses. This museum is located at the foot of mountain Li Shan, about 35 kilometers east of Xi’an. First I will give you a brief introduction about the master of this underground army---the First Qin Emperor. His name was Ying Zheng. When he was only 38 years old, he had annexed all the six independent states and established the first feudal empire in the long history of China.But, just like each coin has two sides, the First Qin Emperor thought his contributions were beyond compare, so he became more and more arrogant and ambitious. As soon as he came to the throne, he ordered that a magnificent mausoleum should be built for him.In fact, it took 37years to complete this project. And the site of these terracotta warriors and horses is just a small part of his mausoleum.The museum divided into three sections covers an area of 16,300 square meters: No. 1 Pit,No. 2 Pit and No. 3 Pit respectively. They were tagged in the order of their discoveries. No. 1 Pit is the largest, first opened to the public on 1979. It is in rectangular shape. There are columns of soldiers at the front, followed by war chariots at the back.No.2 Pit is located 20 meters northeast of No. 1 Pit. It contains over a thousand warriors and 90 chariots of wood unveiled to the public in 1994.No.3 Pit is the smallest of the three pits and was discovered in 1976. It is known as the command center of the entire army. After months to years of careful and painstaking restoration, most of them return to former grandeur.As the eighth major miracle of the world, the Terracotta Warriors and Horses is a sensational archeological find of all times. So it was listed one of the World Cultural Heritage in 1987.Madam, it is the end of the museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses. I hope this trip can keep a good impression for you. Welcome to visit with your family and friends again. Thank you, Goodbye.。
陕西西安秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词
陕西西安秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词陕西西安秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词范文作为一名导游，总不可避免地需要编写导游词，导游词是导游员进行实地口语导游的基础和前提。
我们该怎么去写导游词呢？以下是小编精心整理的陕西西安秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词范文，欢迎大家分享。
emperor qin shihuang’s mausoleum and the terra-cotta otion the development of economy and culture. they had a great and deep influence upon china’s 2,000 year old feudal society.emperor qin shihuang ordered the books of various schools burned except those of the qin dynasty’s history and culture, divination and medicines in an attempt to push his feudal autocracy in the ideological field. as a result, china’s ancient classics had been devastated and destroy. moreover, he once ordered 460 scholars be buried alive. those events one palace to the other. often nobody kneb, were enclosed alive.emperor qin shihuang’s mausoleum has not yet been excavated. what looks like inside could noly be known when it is opened. however, the three pits of the terra-cotta warriot excavated outside the east gate of the outer enclosure of the necropolis can make one imagine how magnificent and luxurious the structure of emperor qin shihuang’s mausoleum was.。
西安兵马俑介绍英文作文
西安兵马俑介绍英文作文下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。
文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!The Terracotta Army, also known as the Terracotta Warriors and Horses, is a collection of sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang, the first Emperor of China. It is located in the city of Xi'an in Shaanxi Province, China. The Terracotta Army was created to accompany the emperor in the afterlife and protect him in his journey.Walking into the pit where the Terracotta Army is housed, you are immediately struck by the sheer magnitude of the site. It is estimated that there are over 8,000 soldiers, 130 chariots, and 670 horses in the three pits that have been excavated so far. Each soldier is unique, with different facial expressions, hairstyles, and armor.It's incredible to think that each one was individually crafted by hand over 2,000 years ago.The level of detail in the Terracotta Army is truly remarkable. The soldiers are life-sized, standing at around6 feet tall, and are incredibly lifelike. They were originally painted in bright colors, although most of the paint has faded over time. The attention to detail extends to the weapons and armor as well, with each soldier carrying a real weapon, such as a sword or a spear.One of the most fascinating aspects of the Terracotta Army is the fact that no two soldiers are exactly alike. Each one has its own unique facial features, hairstyle, and clothing. This attention to detail is a testament to the skill and craftsmanship of the artisans who created them. It's amazing to think that each soldier was made by hand, without the use of any modern tools or machinery.The discovery of the Terracotta Army in 1974 was a major archaeological breakthrough. It has provided valuable insights into the military and cultural history of ancient China. The site has become a major tourist attraction, drawing visitors from all over the world. It's a truly awe-inspiring sight that you have to see to believe.In conclusion, the Terracotta Army is a testament tothe skill and craftsmanship of ancient China. The sheer magnitude and level of detail in the sculptures is truly remarkable. It's a site that captures the imagination and leaves a lasting impression on all who visit.。
西安兵马俑导游词文档2篇
西安兵马俑导游词文档2篇Guide words of terracotta warriors and horses in Xi'an编订：JinTai College西安兵马俑导游词文档2篇前言：导游词是导游人员引导游客观光游览时的讲解词，是导游员同游客交流思想，向游客传播文化知识的工具，也是应用写作研究的文体之一。
本文档根据导游词内容要求和特点展开说明，具有实践指导意义，便于学习和使用，本文下载后内容可随意调整修改及打印。
本文简要目录如下：【下载该文档后使用Word打开，按住键盘Ctrl键且鼠标单击目录内容即可跳转到对应篇章】1、篇章1：西安兵马俑导游词文档2、篇章2：兵马俑导游词文档篇章1:西安兵马俑导游词文档你们好!欢迎你们来到古城西安，我就是你们这回西安之旅的导游。
我姓徐，大家就叫我徐导好了。
今天参观的第一个景点是世界遗产之一，秦兵马俑。
景点位于西安临潼，我们坐的车也是去临潼的，行程大约四十分钟。
我想提到西安的临潼，你们肯定会想到举世无双的秦兵马桶。
好了，我们现在已经到了秦始皇陵园，请大家按次序下车。
你们知道秦兵马俑的来历吗?原来以前的朝代，皇帝逝世都是找一些活人陪葬，后来到了秦朝，一个大臣对秦始皇说：“之前的朝代乃是用活人陪葬。
我觉得这样对您不是很妥当，不如让能工巧匠们打造出一支用泥土做成的您那南征北战、所向披靡的大军如何?”秦始皇觉得这个想法挺不错，就答应了下来。
其实要不是那时候秦始皇的一点头，今天就见不着这气魄雄伟的兵马俑军队。
兵马俑的规模宏大。
目前已发掘了三个俑坑，总面积近XX0平方米，差不多有平时的50个篮球场那么大，坑内有兵马俑8000个左右。
现在我们来到的地方是一号坑，也是三个坑中最大的一个俑坑，东西长230米，南北宽62米，总面积14260平方米，你看都点了三个俑坑总面积一半还多呢!既然面积那么大，那么数量也非常多，有6000多个。
一号坑上面已经盖起了一座巨大的拱形大厅，我们可以走进大厅再细细游赏，游览时也要注意安全哦!你们请看，那身材魁梧，头戴曷冠，身披铠甲，手握宝剑，昂首挺胸的就是将军俑。
五分钟兵马俑英语讲解词
五分钟兵马俑英语讲解词以下是一份五分钟兵马俑英语讲解词及中文意思：女士们、先生们，欢迎来到中国古都西安，今天我将带大家领略一处世界闻名的历史遗迹——兵马俑。
兵马俑是中国古代秦始皇陵的一部分，位于今天的陕西省西安市。
这些兵马俑是秦始皇统一中国后为了保卫他的帝国而建造的，武士俑可能有 7000 件，每一个兵马俑都栩栩如生，根据军队的编制和职务进行精细雕刻，向我们展现了古代的战争艺术。
兵马俑的发现被认为是二十世纪最重要的考古发现之一，它们不仅是中国古代文明的杰作，也是世界文化遗产的瑰宝。
让我们一同踏上时光之旅，在这片土地上领略中国古代帝王的伟大与辉煌。
Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to the ancient capital of China, Xi'an. Today, I will take you to a world-famous historical site - the Terracotta Army.The Terracotta Army is a part of the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor in ancient China, located in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province today. These Terracotta Warriors were built by the First Emperor of Qin to protect his empire after he unified China. There may be 7,000 warrior statues, each one lifelike, carefully carved according to the organization and duties of the army, showing us the art of ancient warfare.The discovery of the Terracotta Army is considered one of the most important archaeological discoveries of the 20th century. They are not only a masterpiece of ancient Chinese civilization, but also a gem of world cultural heritage.Let us embark on a journey through time and experience the greatness and glory of the ancient Chinese emperors on this land.。
2019-陕西西安秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词-word范文模板 (6页)
2019-陕西西安秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词-word范文模板本文部分内容来自网络，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将予以删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可随意编辑修改！ ==陕西西安秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum and the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses MuseumEmperor Qin Shihuang (259-210B.C.) had Ying as his surname and Zheng as his given name. He nam e to the throne of the Qin at age 13, and took the helm of the state at a ge of 22. By 221 B.C., he had annexed the six rival principalities of Qi, Ch u, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei, and established the first feudal empire in Ch ina’s history.In the year 221 B.C., when he unified the whole country, Ying Zheng styl ed himself emperor. He named himself Shihuang Di, the first emperor in the hope that his later generations be the second, the third even the on e hundredth and thousandth emperors in proper order to carry on the h ereditary system. Since then, the supreme feudal rulers of China’s dynasties had continued to call themselves Huang Di, the emperor.After he had annexed the other six states, Emperor Qin Shihuang abolis hed the enfeoffment system and adopted the prefecture and county sys tem. He standardized legal codes, written language, track, currencies, w eights and measures. To protect against harassment by the Hun aristocr ats. Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered the Great Wall be built. All these me asures played an active role in eliminating the cause of the state of sepa ration and division and strengthening the unification of the whole count。
兵马俑英文导游词
( 陕西导游词)姓名：____________________单位：____________________日期：____________________编号：YB-BH-030816兵马俑英文导游词English tour guide for terra cotta warriors and horses兵马俑英文导游词秦始皇陵兵马俑是稀世的文化瑰宝,其风化状况评估是秦俑保护的重要依据。
下面是为大家带来的兵马俑英文导游词，希望可以帮助大家。
兵马俑英文导游词范文1：Ha! Hi, I'm happy "tour" of the tour guide. T oday, I take you to xi 'an east 30 kilometers. In February 1974, the local farmers in the east of emperor qinshihuang 1.5 zone at the foot of the mount li qin Terra Cotta Warriors.In that year, the emperor after he began to reign, and he began to build cemetery, hosted by prime minister lisi planning and design, general ZhangHan supervisors, build time for 38 years, engineering of vast, magnificent verve, the successive feudal rulers luxury lights of precedent. At that time, the qing dynasty a total population of about 20 million, and built ling labor was more than 720xx0. Xiu ling home soil, from 20xx meters south of this cemetery three between liu village to the county quarry department, there are 5 ~ 25 meters high multistage loess cliff. Fix cemetery used a large amount of stone from nutrient-ladenhebei usagi nakayama, asan, depends on human to lintong, engineering is very difficult. Predictably large quantities, usagi nakayama, the corpse and under strict asan side shows the cruelty of the whole project. It is also known as one of "the eight wonders of the world"!Qin Terra Cotta Warriors is divided into three pits, with a total area of 000 square meters. The Terra Cotta Warriors are robust, forms and more thoughtful! Figures are divided into general figurines, the side horse figurines, kneeling position figurines, figurines of cavalry, terracotta warriors... Among them, the no. 1 pit is the largest, 230 meters long, north and south 62 meters wide, about five meters deep. About 500, the warriors six chariots, driving, horse 24, and bronze sword, wugou, spears and arrows, crossbows, machine, copper halberd combat with weapons of bronze and iron, etc. They all facial expression, ' ', and action each are not identical: some thoughtfully, as if considering how to cooperate, defeat the enemy; Have a deep breath, as if in thought, as the people of qin, must help the emperor beat all places; Some look in the distance, seemed to be missing loved ones far away... Said so much warrior figures, the said the horse figurines: TaoMa ears erect, some mouths scream, some still shut up. All these of the qinshihuang terracotta warriors and touching artistic charm. If you hold your breath gaze of looking at it, you will find it muscle fullness, realistic than a real horse!兵马俑英文导游词范文2：Hi, I'm lee, take you to visit the Terra Cotta Warriors today?Behind me is a vaulted hall, this is a famous scenic spots and historical sites. What places of interest you guess what it is? It is known as "the eighth wonder of the world" terracotta warriors.The Terra Cotta Warriors in mount li, lintong county, shaanxi province in China under the north river near the village. Now explore three pit. We have come to is one of the biggest, the Terra Cotta Warriors pit pit no. 1. You can put these down. Oh, you are alone, I'll help you take pictures with the Terra Cotta Warriors in the background. To come. One, two, three eggplant!Let's visit the qin shihuang's mausoleum. Adults, please take your children. At the same time, also please mind your own hand, do not litter. Move down inside, we see this is the qin shihuang's mausoleum, it is imitation built the palace of the emperor used to live. The qinshihuang in north and south long, the width of a rectangle. The whole cemetery, surrounded with two walls in "back to" glyph. The magical thing about this is it.We have come to is about the position of the underground. Because buried deep underground, and plus there are crossbow authority, so we can't go to visit. According to "historical records" records, however, the underground to depict the sun, the moon and the stars on the ceiling, and artificial earth, the earth has a mountain, flowers and plants, andrivers. The river is made of mercury, glittering, extremely beautiful.Everybody, the tour is over. You must be very happy, right? Everyone had so happy, hope you can remember me.兵马俑英文导游词范文3：How do you do! Welcome to the ancient city of xi 'an, I am your tour guide in xian this time. My name is xu, everyone call me xu guide. Today visited the first scenic spot is one of the world heritage, the qin Terra Cotta Warriors. Scenic spot is located in xi 'an lintong, we take car is lintong county, about 40 minutes. I'd like to mention of xi 'an, you will certainly think of unique chi toilet.Ok, we have come to qin shihuang mausoleum, in order to get off, please. Do you know the history of the qin Terra Cotta Warriors? Originally previous dynasty, the emperor's death is looking for some buried alive, then in the qin dynasty, a minister of emperor qin shi huang said: "previous dynasties but with buried the living. I think it is not very appropriate to you, let craftsmen create a made of dirt that you have conquered, invincible army How" Qin shi huang think this idea is very good, agreed. In fact, if it weren't for the time of qin shi huang, a nod today just see this vision spectacular terracotta army. Large scale of the Terra Cotta Warriors. Has discovered three pit, with a total area of nearly 20xx0 square meters, nearly 50 of the basketball court at ordinary times, about 8000 pit with the warriors.可以在这输入你的名字You Can Enter Your Name Here.。
西安兵马俑英文导游词
西安兵马俑英文导游词Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum and the Terracotta Warriors and Horses MuseumEmperor Qin Shihuang (259210B.C.) had Ying as his surname and Zheng as his given name. He name to the throne of the Qin at age 13, and took the helm of the state at age of 22. By 221 B.C., he had annexed the six rival principalities of Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei, and established the first feudal empire in China’s history.In the year 221 B.C., when he unified the whole country, Ying Zheng styled himself emperor. He named himself Shihuang Di, the first emperor in the hope that his later generations be the second, the third even the one hundredth and thousandth emperors in proper order to carry on the hereditary system. Since then, the supreme feudal rulers of China’s dynasties had continued to call themselves Huang Di, the emperor.After he had annexed the other six states, Emperor Qin Shihuang abolished the enfeoffment system and adopted the prefecture and county system. He standardized legal codes, written language, track, currencies, weights and measures. To protect against harassment by the Hun aristocrats. Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered the Great Wall be built. All these measuresplayed an active role in eliminating the cause of the state of separation and division and strengthening the unification of the whole country as well as promotion the development of economy and culture. They had a great and deep influence upon China’s 2,000 year old feudal society.Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered the books of various schools burned except those of the Qin dynasty’s history and culture, divination and medicines in an attempt to push his feudal autocracy in the ideological field. As a result, China’s ancient classics had been devastated and destroy. Moreover, he once ordered 460 scholars be buried alive. Those events were later called in his tory“the burning of books and the burying of Confucian scholars.”Emperor Qin Shihuang，for his own pleasure, conscribed several hundred thousand convicts and went in for large scale construction and had over seven hundred palaces built in the Guanzhong Plain. These palaces stretched several hundred li and he sought pleasure from one palace to the other. Often nobody knew where he ranging treasures inside the tomb, were enclosed alive.Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum has not yet been excavated. What looks like inside could noly be known when itis opened. However, the three pits of the terracotta warriot excavated outside the east gate of the outer enclosure of the necropolis can make one imagine how magnificent and luxurious the structure of E mperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum was.No.1 Pit was stumbled upon in March 1974 when villagers of Xiyang Village of Yanzhai township, Lintong County, sank a well 1.5km east of the mausoleum. In 1976, No.2 and 3 Pits were found 20m north of No.1 Pit respectively after the drilling survey. The terracotta warriors and horses are arrayed according to the Qin dynasty battle formation, symbolizing the troops keeping vigil beside the mausoleum. This discovery aroused much interest both at home and abroad. In 1975, a museum, housing the site of No.1 and covering an area of 16,300 square meters was built with the permission of the State Council. The museum was formally opened to public on Oct.1, the National Day, 1979.No.1 Pit is 230 meters long from east to west, 62m wide from north to south and 5m deep , covering a total area of 14,260 square meters. It is an earthandwood structure in the shape of a tunnel. There are five sloping entrances on the eastern and western sides of the pit respectively. The pit is divided into eleven corridors by ten earthen partition walls, and the floorsare paved with bricks. Thick rafters were placed onto the walls (but now one can only see their remains), which were covered with mats and then fine soil and earth. The battle formation of the Qin dynasty, facing east. In the east end are arrayed three lines of terracotta warriors, 70 pieces in each, totaling 210 pieces. They are supposed to be the van of the formation. Immediately behind them are 38 columns of infantrymen alternating with war chariots in the corridors, each being 180m long. They are probably the main body of the formation. There is one line of warriors in the left, right and west ends respectively, facing outwards. They are probably the flanks and the rear. There are altogether 27 trial trench, it is assumed that more than 6,000 clay warriors and horses could be unearthed from No.1 Pit.No.2 Pit sis about half the size of No.1 Pit, covering about 6,000 square meters Trail diggings show this is a composite formation of infantry, cavalry and chariot soldiers, from which roughly over 1,000 clay warriors, and 500 chariots and saddled horses could be unearthed. The 2,000yearold wooden chariots are already rotten. But their shafts, cross yokes, and wheels, etc. left clear impressions on the earth bed. The copper parts of the chariots still remain. Each chariot is pulled byfour horses which are one and half meters high and two metres long. According to textual research, these clay horses were sculptures after the breed in the area of Hexi Corridor. The horses for the cavalrymen were already saddled, but with no stirups.No.3 Pit covers an area of 520m2 with only four horses, one chariot and 68 warriors, supposed to be the command post of the battle formation. Now, No.2 and 3 Pits have been refilled, but visitors can see some clay figures and weapons displayed in the exhibition halls in the museum that had been unearthed from these two pits. The floors of both No.1 and 2 Pits were covered with a layer of silt of 15 to 20cm thick. In these pits, one can see traces of burnt beams everywhere, some relics which were mostly broken. Analysis shows that the pits were burned down by Xiang Yu, leader of a peasant army. All of the clay warriors in the three pits held real weapons in their hands and face east, showing Emperor Qin Shihuang’s strong determination of wiping out the six states and unifying the whole country.The height of the terracotta warriors varies from 1.78m, the shortest, to 1.97m, the tallest. They look healthy and strong and have different facial expressions. Probably theywere sculpted by craftsmen according to real soldiers of the Qin dynasy. They organically combined the skills of round engraving, basrelief and linear engraving, and utilized the six traditional folk crafts of sculpturing, such as handmoulding, sticking, cutting, painting and so on. The clay models were then put in kilns, baked and colourpainted. As the terracotta figures have beeb burnt and have gone through the natural proce ss of decay, we can’t see their original gorgeous colours. However, most of the terracotta figures bear the trace of the original colours, and few of them are still as bright as new. They are found to be painted by mineral dyestuffs of vermilion, bright red, pink dark green, powder green, purple, blue, orange, black and white colours.Thousands of real weapons were unearthed from these terracotta army pits, including broad knives, swords, spears, daggeraxes, halberds, bows, crossbows and arrowheads. These weapons were exquisitely made. Some of theme are still very sharp, analyses show that they are made of alloys of copper and tin, containing more than ten kinds of other metals. Since their surfaces were treated with chromium, they are as bright as new, though buried underground for more than 2,000 years. This indicates that Qin dynasty’s metallurgical technology andweaponmanufacturing technique already reached quite a high level.In December 1980, two teams of large painted bronze chariots and horses were unearthed 20 metres west of the mound of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum. These single shaft fourhorse chariots each comprises 3,462 spare parts, and has a body with two compartments, one behind the other, and an elliptical umbrella like canopy. The four horses harnessed to the chariot are 6567 centimeters tall. The restored bronze chariots and horses are exact imitations of true chariot, horse and driver in half lifesize.The chariots and horses are decorated with coloured drawings against white background. They have been fitted with more than 1,500 piecese of gold and silvers and decorations, looking luxurious, splendid and graceful. Probably they were meant for the use of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s soul to go on inspection. The bronze chariots and horses were made by lost wax casting, which shows a high level of technology. For instance, the tortoiseshelllike canopy is about 4mm thick, and the window is only 1mm thick on which are many small holes for ventilation. According to a preliminary study, the technology of manufacturing the bronze chariots and horses has involvedcasting, welding, reveting, inlaying embedding and chiseling. The excavation of the bronze chariots and horses provides extremely valuable material and data for the textual research of the metallurgical technique, the mechanism of the chariot and technological modeling of the Qin dynasty.No.2 bronze chariot and horses now on display were found broken into 1,555 pieces when excavated. After twoandhalf years’ careful and painstaking restoration by archaeologists and various specialists, they were formally exhibited in the museum on October 1, 1983. No.1 bronze chariot hand horses are on display from 1988.。
陕西西安秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词.doc
陕西西安秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum and the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses MuseumEmperor Qin Shihuang (259-210B.C.) had Ying as his surname and Zheng as his given name. He n ame to the throne of the Qin at age 13, and took the helm of the state at age of 22. By 221 B.C., he had annexed the six rival p rincipalities of Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei, and established th e first feudal empire in China’s history.In the year 221 B.C., when he unified the whole country, Yin g Zheng styled himself emperor. He named himself Shihuang Di, the fi rst emperor in the hope that his later generations be the second, t he third even the one hundredth and thousandth emperors in proper or der to carry on the hereditary system. Since then, the supreme feuda l rulers of China’s dynasties had continued to call themselves Huang Di, the emperor.After he had annexed the other six states, Emperor Qin Shihua ng abolished the enfeoffment system and adopted the prefecture and co unty system. He standardized legal codes, written language, track, cur rencies, weights and measures. To protect against harassment by the H un aristocrats. Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered the Great Wall be built. All these measures played an active role in eliminating the cause of the state of separation and division and strengthening the unifica tion of the whole country as well as promotion the development of e conomy and culture. They had a great and deep influence upon China’s 2,000 year old feudal society.Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered the books of various schools burn ed except those of the Qin dynasty’s history and culture, divination and medicines in an attempt to push his feudal autocracy in the i deological field. As a result, China’s ancient classics had been dev astated and destroy. Moreover, he once ordered 460 scholars be buried alive. Those events were later called in history“the burning of bo oks and the burying of Confucian scholars.”Emperor Qin Shihuang，for his own pleasure, conscribed several hundred thousand convicts and went in for large-scale construction and had over seven hundred palaces built in the G uanzhong Plain. These palaces stretched several hundred li and he sou ght pleasure from one palace to the other. Often nobody knew where he ranging treasures inside the tomb, were enclosed alive.Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum has not yet been excavated. What looks like inside could noly be known when it is opened. Howev er, the three pits of the terra-cotta warriot excavated outside the east gate of the outer enclosure of the necropolis can make one imagine how magnificent and luxuriou s the structure of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum was.北京长城英文导游词·岳阳楼英文导游辞·重庆英文导游词·西藏英文导游词No.1 Pit was stumbled upon in March 1974 when villagers of X iyang Village of Yanzhai township, Lintong County, sank a well 1.5km east of the mausoleum. In 1976, No.2 and 3 Pits were found 20m n orth of No.1 Pit respectively after the drilling survey. The terra-cotta warriors and horses are arrayed according to the Qin dynasty b attle formation, symbolizing the troops keeping vigil beside the mauso leum. This discovery aroused much interest both at home and abroad.In 1975, a museum, housing the site of No.1 and covering an area o f 16,300 square meters was built with the permission of the State C ouncil. The museum was formally opened to public on Oct.1, the Natio nal Day, 1979.No.1 Pit is 230 meters long from east to west, 62m wide fro m north to south and 5m deep , covering a total area of 14,260 sq uare meters. It is an earth-and-wood structure in the shape of a tunnel. There are five sloping ent rances on the eastern and western sides of the pit respectively. The pit is divided into eleven corridors by ten earthen partition walls , and the floors are paved with bricks. Thick rafters were placed o nto the walls (but now one can only see their remains), which were covered with mats and then fine soil and earth. The battle formati on of the Qin dynasty, facing east. In the east end are arrayed th ree lines of terra-cotta warriors, 70 pieces in each, totaling 210 pieces. They are sup posed to be the van of the formation. Immediately behind them are 3 8 columns of infantrymen alternating with war chariots in the corrido rs, each being 180m long. They are probably the main body of the f ormation. There is one line of warriors in the left, right and west ends respectively, facing outwards. They are probably the flanks and the rear. There are altogether 27 trial trench, it is assumed that more than 6,000 clay warriors and horses could be unearthed from N o.1 Pit.No.2 Pit sis about half the size of No.1 Pit, covering about 6,000 square meters Trail diggings show this is a composite formati on of infantry, cavalry and chariot soldiers, from which roughly over 1,000 clay warriors, and 500 chariots and saddled horses could be unearthed. The 2,000-year-old wooden chariots are already rotten. But their shafts, cross yokes , and wheels, etc. left clear impressions on the earth bed. The cop per parts of the chariots still remain. Each chariot is pulled by f our horses which are one and half meters high and two metres long. According to textual research, these clay horses were sculptures aft er the breed in the area of Hexi Corridor. The horses for the cava lrymen were already saddled, but with no stirups.No.3 Pit covers an area of 520m2 with only four horses, one chariot and 68 warriors, supposed to be the command post of the b attle formation. Now, No.2 and 3 Pits have been refilled, but visito rs can see some clay figures and weapons displayed in the exhibition halls in the museum that had been unearthed from these two pits. The floors of both No.1 and 2 Pits were covered with a layer of s ilt of 15 to 20cm thick. In these pits, one can see traces of bur nt beams everywhere, some relics which were mostly broken. Analysis s hows that the pits were burned down by Xiang Yu, leader of a peasa nt army. All of the clay warriors in the three pits held real weap ons in their hands and face east, showing Emperor Qin Shihuang’s st rong determination of wiping out the six states and unifying the who le country.The height of the terra-cotta warriors varies from 1.78m, the shortest, to 1.97m, the tallest . They look healthy and strong and have different facial expressions. Probably they were sculpted by craftsmen according to real soldiers of the Qin dynasy. They organically combined the skills of round e ngraving, bas-relief and linear engraving, and utilized the six traditional folk cr afts of sculpturing, such as hand-moulding, sticking, cutting, painting and so on. The clay models werethen put in kilns, baked and colour-painted. As the terra-cotta figures have beeb burnt and have gone through the natural proc ess of decay, we can’t see their original gorgeous colours. However, most of the terra-cotta figures bear the trace of the original colours, and few of th em are still as bright as new. They are found to be painted by mi neral dyestuffs of vermilion, bright red, pink dark green, powder gre en, purple, blue, orange, black and white colours.Thousands of real weapons were unearthed from these terra-cotta army pits, including broad knives, swords, spears, dagger-axes, halberds, bows, crossbows and arrowheads. These weapons were exq uisitely made. Some of theme are still very sharp, analyses show tha t they are made of alloys of copper and tin, containing more than ten kinds of other metals. Since their surfaces were treated with ch romium, they are as bright as new, though buried underground for mor e than 2,000 years. This indicates that Qin dynasty’s metallurgical technology and weapon-manufacturing technique already reached quite a high level.In December 1980, two teams of large painted bronze chariots and horses were unearthed 20 metres west of the mound of Emperor Qi n Shihuang’s Mausoleum. These single shaft four-horse chariots each comprises 3,462 spare parts, and has a body with two compartments, one behind the other, and an elliptical umbrella like canopy. The four horses harnessed to the chariot are 65-67 centimeters tall. The restored bronze chariots and horses are exac t imitations of true chariot, horse and driver in half life-size.The chariots and horses are decorated with coloured drawings a gainst white background. They have been fitted with more than 1,500piecese of gold and silvers and decorations, looking luxurious, splend id and graceful. Probably they were meant for the use of Emperor Qi n Shihuang’s soul to go on inspection. The bronze chariots and hors es were made by lost wax casting, which shows a high level of tech nology. For instance, the tortoise-shell-like canopy is about 4mm thick, and the window is only 1mm thick o n which are many small holes for ventilation. According to a prelimi nary study, the technology of manufacturing the bronze chariots and h orses has involved casting, welding, reveting, inlaying embedding and chiseling. The excavation of the bronze chariots and horses provides extremely valuable material and data for the textual research of the metallurgical technique, the mechanism of the chariot and technologic al modeling of the Qin dynasty.No.2 bronze chariot and horses now on display were found brok en into 1,555 pieces when excavated. After two-and-half years’careful and painstaking restoration by archaeologists and various specialists, they were formally exhibited in the museum on October 1, 1983. No.1 bronze chariot hand horses are on display from 1988.。
西安秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词
西安秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词西安秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词范文导语：兵马俑是古代墓葬雕塑的一个类别。
古代实行人殉，奴隶是奴隶主生前的`附属品，奴隶主死后奴隶要作为殉葬品为奴隶主陪葬。
兵马俑即制成兵马形状的殉葬品。
以下的是店铺为大家搜集的秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词范文，希望你会喜欢。
Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum and the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses MuseumEmperor Qin Shihuang (259-210B.C.) had Ying as his surname and Zheng as his given name. He name to the throne of the Qin at age 13, and took the helm of the state at age of 22. By 221 B.C., he had annexed the six rival principalities of Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei, and established the first feudal empire in China’s history.In the year 221 B.C., when he unified the whole country, Ying Zheng styled himself emperor. He named himself Shihuang Di, the first emperor in the hope that his later generations be the second, the third even the one hundredth and thousandth emperors in proper order to carry on the hereditary system. Since then, the supreme feudal rulers of China’s dynasties had continued to call themselves Huang Di, the emperor.After he had annexed the other six states, Emperor Qin Shihuang abolished the enfeoffment system and adopted the prefecture and county system. He standardized legal codes, written language, track, currencies, weights and measures. To protect against harassment by the Hun aristocrats. Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered the Great Wall be built. All these measures played an active role in eliminating the cause of the state of separation and division and strengthening the unification of thewhole country as well as promotion the development of economy and culture. They had a great and deep influence upon China’s 2,000 year old feudal society.Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered the books of various schools burned except those of the Qin dynasty’s history an d culture, divination and medicines in an attempt to push his feudal autocracy in the ideological field. As a result, China’s ancient classics had been devastated and destroy. Moreover, he once ordered 460 scholars be buried alive. Those events were later called in history“the burning of books and the burying of Confucian scholars.”Emperor Qin Shihuang，for his own pleasure, conscribed several hundred thousand convicts and went in for large-scale construction and had over seven hundred palaces built in the Guanzhong Plain. These palaces stretched several hundred li and he sought pleasure from one palace to the other. Often nobody knew where he ranging treasures inside the tomb, were enclosed alive.Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum has not yet been excavated. What looks like inside could noly be known when it is opened. However, the three pits of the terra-cotta warriot excavated outside the east gate of the outer enclosure of the necropolis can make one imagine how magnificent and luxurious the structure of E mperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum was.No.1 Pit was stumbled upon in March 1974 when villagers of Xiyang Village of Yanzhai township, Lintong County, sank a well 1.5km east of the mausoleum. In 1976, No.2 and 3 Pits were found 20m north of No.1 Pit respectively after the drilling survey. The terra-cotta warriors and horses are arrayed according to the Qin dynasty battle formation, symbolizing the troops keepingvigil beside the mausoleum. This discovery aroused much interest both at home and abroad. In 1975, a museum, housing the site of No.1 and covering an area of 16,300 square meters was built with the permission of the State Council. The museum was formally opened to public on Oct.1, the National Day, 1979.No.1 Pit is 230 meters long from east to west, 62m wide from north to south and 5m deep , covering a total area of 14,260 square meters. It is an earth-and-wood structure in the shape of a tunnel. There are five sloping entrances on the eastern and western sides of the pit respectively. The pit is divided into eleven corridors by ten earthen partition walls, and the floors are paved with bricks. Thick rafters were placed onto the walls (but now one can only see their remains), which were covered with mats and then fine soil and earth. The battle formation of the Qin dynasty, facing east. In the east end are arrayed three lines of terra-cotta warriors, 70 pieces in each, totaling 210 pieces. They are supposed to be the van of the formation. Immediately behind them are 38 columns of infantrymen alternating with war chariots in the corridors, each being 180m long. They are probably the main body of the formation. There is one line of warriors in the left, right and west ends respectively, facing outwards. They are probably the flanks and the rear. There are altogether 27 trial trench, it is assumed that more than 6,000 clay warriors and horses could be unearthed from No.1 Pit.No.2 Pit sis about half the size of No.1 Pit, covering about 6,000 square meters Trail diggings show this is a composite formation of infantry, cavalry and chariot soldiers, from which roughly over 1,000 clay warriors, and 500 chariots and saddled horses could be unearthed. The 2,000-year-old wooden chariots are already rotten. But their shafts, cross yokes, and wheels, etc.left clear impressions on the earth bed. The copper parts of the chariots still remain. Each chariot is pulled by four horses which are one and half meters high and two metres long. According to textual research, these clay horses were sculptures after the breed in the area of Hexi Corridor. The horses for the cavalrymen were already saddled, but with no stirups.No.3 Pit covers an area of 520m2 with only four horses, one chariot and 68 warriors, supposed to be the command post of the battle formation. Now, No.2 and 3 Pits have been refilled, but visitors can see some clay figures and weapons displayed in the exhibition halls in the museum that had been unearthed from these two pits. The floors of both No.1 and 2 Pits were covered with a layer of silt of 15 to 20cm thick. In these pits, one can see traces of burnt beams everywhere, some relics which were mostly broken. Analysis shows that the pits were burned down by Xiang Yu, leader of a peasant army. All of the clay warriors in the three pits held real weapons in their hands and face east, showing Emperor Qin Shihuang’s strong determination of wiping out the six states and unifying the whole country.The height of the terra-cotta warriors varies from 1.78m, the shortest, to 1.97m, the tallest. They look healthy and strong and have different facial expressions. Probably they were sculpted by craftsmen according to real soldiers of the Qin dynasy. They organically combined the skills of round engraving, bas-relief and linear engraving, and utilized the six traditional folk crafts of sculpturing, such as hand-moulding, sticking, cutting, painting and so on. The clay models were then put in kilns, baked and colour-painted. As the terra-cotta figures have beeb burnt and have gone through the natural process of decay, we can’t se e their original gorgeous colours. However, most of the terra-cottafigures bear the trace of the original colours, and few of them are still as bright as new. They are found to be painted by mineral dyestuffs of vermilion, bright red, pink dark green, powder green, purple, blue, orange, black and white colours.Thousands of real weapons were unearthed from these terra-cotta army pits, including broad knives, swords, spears, dagger-axes, halberds, bows, crossbows and arrowheads. These weapons were exquisitely made. Some of theme are still very sharp, analyses show that they are made of alloys of copper and tin, containing more than ten kinds of other metals. Since their surfaces were treated with chromium, they are as bright as new, though buried underground for more than 2,000 years. This indicates that Qin dynasty’s metallurgical technology and weapon-manufacturing technique already reached quite a high level.In December 1980, two teams of large painted bronze chariots and horses were unearthed 20 metres west of the mound of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum. These single shaft four-horse chariots each comprises 3,462 spare parts, and has a body with two compartments, one behind the other, and an elliptical umbrella like canopy. The four horses harnessed to the chariot are 65-67 centimeters tall. The restored bronze chariots and horses are exact imitations of true chariot, horse and driver in half life-size.The chariots and horses are decorated with coloured drawings against white background. They have been fitted with more than 1,500 piecese of gold and silvers and decorations, looking luxurious, splendid and graceful. Probably they were meant for the use of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s soul to go on inspection. The bronze chariots and horses were made by lostwax casting, which shows a high level of technology. For instance, the tortoise-shell-like canopy is about 4mm thick, and the window is only 1mm thick on which are many small holes for ventilation. According to a preliminary study, the technology of manufacturing the bronze chariots and horses has involved casting, welding, reveting, inlaying embedding and chiseling. The excavation of the bronze chariots and horses provides extremely valuable material and data for the textual research of the metallurgical technique, the mechanism of the chariot and technological modeling of the Qin dynasty.No.2 bronze chariot and horses now on display were found broken into 1,555 pieces when excavated. After two-and-half years’ careful and painstaking restoration by archaeologists and various specialists, they were formally exhibited in the museum on October 1, 1983. No.1 bronze chariot hand horses are on display from 1988.下载全文。