TUBE与PIPE的区别
美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)的不锈钢标准--钢管(tube和pipe)(2)
美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)的不锈钢标准--钢管(tube和
pipe)(2)
伍千思
【期刊名称】《冶金标准化与质量》
【年(卷),期】2003(041)004
【摘要】@@ 2 Stainless Steel PipernASTM的不锈钢pipe标准,包括无缝钢管和焊接钢管,约有12个.钢种主要是奥氏体不锈钢,其中有3个奥氏体--铁素体双相不锈钢管标准.rn研究pipe和tube标准的不同之处发现,虽然两种标准自成体系,但标准的主要技术内容,除钢管的尺寸规格有完全不同的体制外,钢的化学成分、钢管的外形及重量要求、力学性能与工艺试验、热处理要求、水压试验及无损检验等内容,规定基本是相同的.
【总页数】2页(P53-54)
【作者】伍千思
【作者单位】冶金工业信息标准研究院,北京,100730
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】TG335.7
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设备英语词汇
设备英语词汇DIN 德国标准ASTM美国标准GB中国标准BS英国标准CSA加拿大标准EN欧洲标准JIS日本标准NF法国标准以上是很常见的标准，所以在标准件前面加这些缩写，以后可别犯晕啊，也欢迎大家把自己经常用的标准也共享下。
接写来谈正题了。
管子如果是按标准规格制造的，那应用pipe,可如果是不按标准的称为tube.钢管（steel pipe)类别它分为合金钢管（alloy steel pipe)奥氏体不锈钢管(austenitic stainless steel pipe)铁合金钢管(ferritic alloy steel pipe)轧制钢管(wrought-steel pipe)无缝钢管(seamless (SMLS) steel pipe)焊接钢管(welded steel pipe)电阻焊钢管(electric-resistance welded steel pipe)螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe热轧无缝钢管hot-rolling seamless pipe冷拔无缝钢管cold-drawing seamless pipe水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe谈完了钢管的总类，再看看钢管中常用的英语吧。
钢弯头 Carbon Steel Elbow不锈钢弯头 Stainless Steel Elbow高压弯头 High-Pressure Elbow90°短半径弯头90°SS Elbow (SR)90°长半径弯头90°SS Elbow (LR)高压厚壁弯头 Thickness ElbowTee Equal 相等的三通请记 Tee 在钢管英语中指 T 形[管, 条] 三通管，直角枝管，可会经常用到的哦比如说接下来的等径三通 Straight T ee异径三通 Reducing Tee不锈钢等径三通 Stainless Straight Tee碳钢等径三通 Carbon Straight Tee高压三通 High-pressure Tee锻制三通 Forged Tee说到这，你肯定会问：那四通怎么说？呵呵，别急，请看等径四通 Straight Cross不锈钢等径四通 Stainless Straight Cross最后我们来说说标准钢管代号及中英文标准代号：standard code标准名称：standard name1)ASME SA-234 中、高温用钢制碳钢和合金钢管道配件Medium and high temperature used carbon and alloy steelpipe fittings2)ASME SA-420 低温用锻制碳钢和合金钢管配件Low temperature forged carbon and alloy steel pipe fittings3)ASME SA-403 锻制奥氏体不锈钢管配件Forged Durimet pipe fittings4)ASME B16.9 工厂制造的钢制对焊管件Factory-Made wrought steel pipe fittings5)ASME B16.11 承插焊和螺纹锻钢管件Socket-welding and Threaded forged fittings6)ASME B16.28 锻钢对焊小半径弯头和回弯头Wrought steel butt-welding short radius elbows and returns7)ISO 5251 不锈钢对焊管件Stainless steel butt-welding fittings8)MSS SP-43 锻制不锈钢对焊管件Wrought stainless steel butt-welding fittings9)MSS SP-75 锻钢制对焊管件Forging butt-welding fittings10)MSS SP-79 承插焊异径插入件Socket-welding reducing Inserts11)MSS SP-83 3000磅级的钢制承插焊和螺纹活接头Class 3000 steel socket-welding and threaded unions12) MSS SP-95 缩渐管和圆堵头Swaged nipples and round plugs13) MSS SP-97 承插焊、螺纹和对焊端的整体加强式管座SW 、TH and BW ends for integrally reinforced forged branch outlet14) JIS B2311 通用钢制对焊管件Universal steel butt-welding pipe fittings15) JIS B2312 钢制对焊管件Steel butt-welding pipe fittings16) JIS B2313 钢板制对焊管件Steel plate butt-welding pipe fittings17) JIS B2316 钢制承插焊管件Steel socket-welding pipe fittings18) DIN 2605 钢制对焊管件弯头和弯管Steel butt-welding pipe fittings.elbows and bends19) DIN 2615 钢制对焊管件三通Steel butt-welding pipe fittings.tees20) DIN 2616 钢制对焊管件异径管Steel butt-welding pipe fittings.reducers21) DIN 2617 钢制对焊管件管帽Steel butt-welding pipe fittings.caps22) GB/T 12459 钢制对焊无缝管件Steel butt-welding seamless fittings23) GB/T 13401 钢板制对焊管件Steel plate butt-welding pipe fittings24) GB/T 14383 锻钢制承插焊管件Forged steel socket-welding pipe fittings25) GB/T 14626 锻钢制螺纹管件Forged steel threaded pipe fittings26) SH 3065 石油化工管式炉急弯弯管技术标准Specification for tube fumace sharp bend for petrochemical industry27) SH 3406 石油化工钢制管法兰Steel pipe flanges for petrochemical industry28) SH 3408 钢制对焊无缝管件Steel butt-welding seamless fittings29) SH 3409 钢板制对焊管件Steel plate butt-welding pipe fittings30) SH 3410 锻钢承插焊管件Forged steel socket-welding fittings31) HGJ10 (HG/T21634) 锻钢承插焊管件Forged steel socket-welding fittings32) HGJ514 (HG/T21635) 碳钢、低合金钢无缝管件Carbon steel、low-alloy steel butt-welding seamless fittings 33) HGJ528 (HG/T21631) 钢制有缝对焊管件Steel plate butt-welding fittings34) GD87-1011 火力发电厂汽水管道零件及部件典型设计手册Typical design manual of pipe parts for steam power plant 35) DL/T515 电站弯管Bends for power plant36)DL/T695 电站钢制对焊管件Steel butt-welding fittings for power plant37)SY/T0510 钢制对焊管件Steel butt-welding pipe fittings38)SY5257 钢制弯管Steel bends39)ISO3419 非合金和合金钢对焊管件Non-alloy steel and alloy steel butt-welding fittings40)Q/320281AQD01-2000 钢制对焊高压带直段弯头Steel butt-welding elbow with a straight pipe section Assembly line组装线Layout布置图Conveyer流水线物料板Rivet table拉钉机Rivet gun拉钉枪Screw driver起子Electric screw driver电动起子Pneumatic screw driver气动起子worktable 工作桌OOBA开箱检查fit together组装在一起fasten锁紧(螺丝)fixture 夹具(治具)pallet栈板barcode条码barcode scanner条码扫描器fuse together熔合fuse machine热熔机repair修理operator作业员QC品管supervisor 课长ME制造工程师MT制造生技cosmetic inspect外观检查inner parts inspect内部检查thumb screw大头螺丝lbs. inch镑、英寸EMI gasket导电条front plate前板rear plate后板chassis 基座bezel panel面板power button电源按键reset button重置键Hi-pot test of SPS高源高压测试Voltage switch of SPS 电源电压接拉键sheet metal parts 冲件plastic parts塑胶件SOP制造作业程序material check list物料检查表work cell工作间trolley台车carton纸箱sub-line支线left fork叉车personnel resource department人力资源部production department生产部门planning department企划部QC Section品管科stamping factory冲压厂painting factory烤漆厂molding factory成型厂common equipment常用设备uncoiler and straightener整平机punching machine 冲床robot机械手hydraulic machine油压机lathe车床planer |'plein?|刨床miller铣床grinder磨床driller??床linear cutting线切割electrical sparkle电火花welder电焊机staker=reviting machine铆合机position职务president董事长general manager总经理special assistant manager特助factory director厂长department director部长deputy manager | =vice manager副理section supervisor课长deputy section supervisor =vice section superisor副课长group leader/supervisor组长line supervisor线长assistant manager助理to move, to carry, to handle搬运be put in storage入库pack packing包装to apply oil擦油to file burr 锉毛刺final inspection终检to connect material接料to reverse material 翻料wet station沾湿台Tiana天那水cleaning cloth抹布to load material上料to unload material卸料to return material/stock to退料scraped |'skr?pid|报废scrape ..v.刮;削deficient purchase来料不良manufacture procedure制程deficient manufacturing procedure制程不良oxidation |' ksi'dei?n|氧化scratch刮伤dents压痕defective upsiding down抽芽不良defective to staking铆合不良embedded lump镶块feeding is not in place送料不到位stamping-missing漏冲production capacity生产力education and training教育与训练proposal improvement提案改善spare parts=buffer备件forklift叉车trailer=long vehicle拖板车compound die合模die locker锁模器pressure plate=plate pinch压板bolt螺栓name of a department部门名称administration/general affairs dept总务部automatic screwdriver电动启子thickness gauge厚薄规gauge(or jig)治具power wire电源线buzzle蜂鸣器defective product label不良标签identifying sheet list标示单screwdriver holder起子插座pedal踩踏板stopper阻挡器flow board流水板hydraulic handjack油压板车forklift叉车pallet栈板glove(s)手套glove(s) with exposed fingers割手套thumb大拇指forefinger食指midfinger中指ring finger无名指little finger小指band-aid创可贴iudustrial alcohol工业酒精alcohol container沾湿台head of screwdriver起子头sweeper扫把mop拖把vaccum cleaner吸尘器rag 抹布garbage container灰箕garbage can垃圾箱garbage bag垃圾袋chain链条jack升降机production line流水线chain链条槽magnetizer加磁器lamp holder灯架to mop the floor拖地to clean the floor扫地to clean a table擦桌子air pipe 气管packaging tool打包机packaging打包missing part漏件wrong part错件excessive defects过多的缺陷critical defect极严重缺陷major defect主要缺陷minor defect次要缺陷not up to standard不合规格dimension/size is a little bigger尺寸偏大(小) cosmetic defect外观不良slipped screwhead/slippery screw head螺丝滑头slipped screwhead/shippery screw thread滑手speckle斑点mildewed=moldy=mouldy发霉rust生锈deformation变形burr(金属)flash(塑件)毛边poor staking铆合不良excesssive gap间隙过大grease/oil stains油污inclusion杂质painting peel off脏污shrinking/shrinkage缩水mixed color杂色scratch划伤poor processing 制程不良poor incoming part事件不良fold of pakaging belt打包带折皱painting make-up补漆discoloration羿色water spots水渍polishing/surface processing表面处理exposed metal/bare metal金属裸露lack of painting烤漆不到位safety安全quality品质delivery deadline交货期cost成本engineering工程die repair模修enterprise plan = enterprise expansion projects企划qc品管die worker模工production, to produce生产equipment设备to start a press开机stop/switch off a press关机classification整理regulation整顿cleanness清扫conservation清洁qualified products, up-to-grade products良品defective products, not up-to-grade products不良品waste废料board看板feeder送料机sliding rack滑料架defective product box不良品箱die change 换模to fix a die装模to take apart a die拆模to repair a die修模packing material包材basket蝴蝶竺plastic basket胶筐isolating plate baffle plate; barricade隔板carton box纸箱to pull and stretch拉深to put material in place, to cut material, to input落料to impose lines压线to compress, compressing压缩character die字模to feed, feeding送料transportation运输(be)qualfied, up to grade合格not up to grade, not qualified不合格material change, stock change材料变更feature change 特性变更evaluation评估prepare for, make preparations for 准备parameters参数rotating speed, revolution转速manufacture management制造管理abnormal handling异常处理production unit生产单位lots of production生产批量steel plate钢板roll material卷料manufacture procedure制程operation procedure作业流程to revise, modify修订to switch over to, switch---to throw--over switching over切换engineering, project difficulty工程瓶颈stage die工程模automation自动化to stake, staking, reviting铆合add lubricating oil加润滑油shut die架模shut height of a die架模高度analog-mode device类模器die lifter举模器argon welding氩焊vocabulary for stamping冲压常词汇stamping, press冲压punch press, dieing out press冲床uncoiler & strainghtener整平机feeder送料机rack, shelf, stack料架cylinder油缸robot机械手taker取料机conveyer belt输送带transmission rack输送架top stop上死点bottom stop下死点one stroke一行程inch寸动to continue, cont.连动to grip(material)吸料location lump, locating piece, block stop 定位块reset复位smoothly顺利dent压痕scratch刮伤deformation变形filings铁削to draw holes抽孔inquiry, search for查寻to stock, storage, in stock库存receive领取approval examine and verify审核processing, to process加工delivery, to deliver 交货to return delivenry to.to send delinery backto retrn of goods退货registration登记registration card登记卡to control管制to put forward and hand in提报safe stock安全库存acceptance = receive验收to notice通知application form for purchase请购单consume, consumption消耗to fill in填写abrasion磨损reverse angle = chamfer倒角character die字模to collect, to gather收集failure, trouble故障statistics统计demand and supply需求career card履历卡to take apart a die卸下模具to load a die装上模具to tight a bolt拧紧螺栓to looser a bolt拧松螺栓to move away a die plate移走模板easily damaged parts易损件standard parts标准件breaking.(be)broken,(be)cracked 断裂to lubricate润滑1 范围本标准界定了工业射线照相检测的术语。
火电厂设备涉及到的英语单词
boiler house: 锅炉房coal conveyor 输煤装置coal bunker: 煤仓coal mill磨煤机steam boiler, water boiler tube 蒸汽锅炉，管式锅炉furnace(combustion chamber): 炉膛( 燃烧室)water tube: 水管ash pit 灰坑superheater: 过热器water preheater: 水预热器air preheater: 空气预热器gas duct(flue): 烟气管, 烟道dust collecting plant: 集尘室electrical precipitation plant: 电气除尘室induced draught fan: 引风机chimney: 烟囱deaerator: 除氧器feed water tank: 供水箱boiler feed pump: 给水泵switchgear: 开关设备cable tunnel: 电缆通道cable cellar: 电缆槽turbine room: 汽轮机室steam turbine with alternator: 蒸汽汽轮发电机组economizer: 省煤器steam drum: 汽包surface condenser: 表面凝汽low-pressure preheater: 低压预热器circulating water pipe(pump): 循环水管control room: 控制室electrostatic dust remover(precipitator): 静电除尘器pulverizer 磨煤机slag pump 灰渣泵thermal cycle: 热力循环(net)heat rate: （净）热耗率Assemblie: 集合，集结，组装comment 注释，评论module : 模块standby: 备用proximity 相近，接近，亲近detector: 探测器bracket: 支架interlocks 互锁，联锁axial: 轴向surge conditions: 喘振:accessory: 附件pulsation: 有节奏跳动，跳动fossil fired: 燃煤intent: 意图，目，意向intend: 意指，想要，打算consistent: 一致，调和practice: 惯例，实习，实践intrinsic: 固有，内在procurement 获得，获取fabrication: 制作，构成，伪造物vent: 通风孔，出烟孔，出口，放出，排出，noncondensible gas: 不凝结气体intermittent 间歇，断断续续blowdown : 排污tank: 桶，箱，罐diagram: 图表deaerator: 除氧器corrosion : 侵蚀，腐蚀状态concentration 集中，集合，浓缩，浓度recommend 推荐，介绍，托付，劝告abnormal and normal conditions: 变工况和额定工况warm up: 暖机acid wash: 酸洗scale: 范围，水垢，水锈，比例，刻度sludge :: 污泥，淤泥foreign matter: 不相关物质facilitate: 推动，促进，使简化multistage: 多级remote control: 遥控safety relief valve: 安全卸压阀gauge: 量规，量表，测量manhole: 人孔，检修孔equivalent: 等价物，相等forging:: 锻造seat: 部位，座socket welding: 管座焊接enthalpy: 焓estimate: 评价，评估，估价parameters 参数，参量nominal : 名义上，额定，标称MS — Main Steam : 主蒸汽Cycle:: 循环Intercept: 截止Fetting: 附件Gage:: 规，表，压力计Taps: 接头test wells: 测点插孔stress-relieved: 应力消除thermometer: 恒温计steam purge system: 蒸汽吹扫系统centrifugal type pumps: 离心式泵friction losses: 磨擦损失solenoid: 螺线管modulat: 调整，调节criteria: 标准wrenches: 扳手pipe taps: 管接头 .A List of Abbreviations and Symbols in English-ChineseA ::Ash Handling System: 除灰系统AH :Air Heater: 空气预热器AAh :Analyzer, Alarm High : 分析器，高值报警:: AIV :Air Intake Valve: 进气阀ALIGN Alignment: 校正ALKF :Airlock Feeder: 锁气器AP ::Ash Slurry Pump: 灰浆泵ATM :Atmosphere 大气AC ::Air Conditioner: 空气调节器AFT :Atmosphere Flash Tank: 大气扩容器AC :Alternating Current: 交流电ALM :Alarm:: 报警AMP :Ampere: 安培AX THR BRG :Axis Thrust Bearing: 轴向推力，轴承ATMZ :Atomizing: 雾化AUTO :Automation 自动AUX :Auxiliary: 辅助BA :Bottom Ash 底灰BAH ::Bottom Ash Hopper: 底灰斗BLR ::Boiler: 锅炉BSD ::Boiler Shut Down: 停炉BUSH :Bushing: 衬套BYPS :Bypass:: 旁路BVD ::Boiler Vents and Drains:: 锅炉疏水放气BFP :Boiler Feedwater Pump :: 锅炉给水泵BFPT:Boiler Feedwater Pump Turbine: 锅炉给水泵汽机BFW ::Boiler Feedwater: 锅炉给水BM :Boiler Master 锅炉主控BMCR:Boiler Maximum Continuous Rating: 锅炉最大连续出力BFBP:: Boiler Feed Booster Pump: 锅炉给水增压泵BNR :Burner: 燃烧器BOP :Balance Of Plant: 电厂辅机设备BPC :Blade Pitch Control: 叶片节距控制BT :Boiler Tube: 炉管CH: Crusher House: 碎煤房COMB ::Combustion 燃烧COMP ::Compressed Air: 压缩空气CONV ::Conveyer: 输送机CPL :Control Pannel Local: 就地控制盘CPM :Control Pannel Main: 主控盘CRT :Cathode Ray Tube: 阴极射线管:CT Current Transformer: 变流器CYCL :Cyclone: 旋风分离器CAS :Casing:: 缸、壳CB Circuit Breaker: 断路器COMP :Complete: 完成CCCW :Closed Circulating Cooling Water: 闭式循环冷却水CCW :Cycle Cooling Water: 循环水CCWHF ::Closed Cooling Water Heater 闭式冷却水冷却器CCWP :Closed Cooling WaterPump: 闭式冷却水泵CS :Closed Cooling Water System 闭式冷却水系统CH Coal Handling 煤装卸CHK VLV :Check Valve: 逆止阀CIRC: Circulation: 循环CLR Cooler: 冷却器CLOW :Cooling Water: 冷却水CMPR :Compressor: 压缩机CNTL :Control: 控制CNTLE :Controller:: 控制器COND :Condensate: 凝结水CONDTY :Conductivity: 导电率CP: Condensate Pump: 凝结泵CIR: Circuit: 回路COUPI :Coupling: 联轴器CP: Condensate Polisher: 除盐装置CS: Control Switch 控制开关CRSV :Cold Reheat Safety Valve: 再热器冷段安全阀CV: Control Valve : 控制阀CWP: Circulation Water Pump: 循环水泵DMPR: Damper : 挡板DP Difference Pressure: 差压DPIC: Differential Pressure Indicating Controller压差指示控制器DPT: Differential Pressure Transmitter 压差变送器DRN: Drain: 疏水DV Drain Valve:: 疏水阀DC Direct Current: 直流电DSH: Desuperheater: 减温器DCA: Drain Cooler Approach: 疏水冷却器通道DEAER Deaerator: 除氧器DEV: Deviation: 偏差DIFFRLY: Differential Relay: 差动继电器DISCH VLV :Discharge Valve 排放阀DIST: Disturbance:: 故障、扰动DSCH: Discharge: 排出ECON: Economizer:: 省煤器EP Electrical Static Precipitator: 静电除尘器ECC Eccentricity :: 偏心EFF Efficiency: 效率EHC Electric Hydraulic Control: 电液控制EO Electric Operate: 电气操作EQ Equipment: 设备ER Error: 误差ES :Extraction System 抽气系统ESC Escape: 逃逸、超出ESS Engineering Safety System: 保安系统EU Engineering Unit : 工程单位EXH Exhaust: 排汽EXT Extract: 抽出FA :Fine Ash: 细灰FDR Feeder: 给料机FE :Flow Element:: 流量元件FI :Flow Indicator:: 流量指示件FDBK: Feedback: 反馈FITG Fitting: 连接件FLW Flow 流量FO :Fail Open: 故障时自动打开FT: Flow Totalizer: 流量累加器FT :Flow transmitter: 流量变送器FV :Flow Control Valve 流量控制阀FY :Flow Relay or Valve 流量传送器FA: Failure Alarm: 故障报警FD :Forced Draft : 强制通风FDF Forced Draft Fan: 送风机FIC :Flow Indicate Controller: 流量指示控制器FLT :Flash Tank : 扩容箱FLD :Field 磁场FLG :Flange: 法兰FLM Flame: 火焰FWH Feed Water Heater 给水加热器FO :Fuel Oil: 燃油FREQ Frequency: 频率FURN Furnace: 炉膛GLD Gland: 密封GRDR Grinder: 碎渣机GND Grounding: 接地GC :Generator Cooling: 发电机冷却GESE Gland Steam Condenser Exhauster: 轴加风机GMT Generator Main Trandformer: 发电机变压器GRAD Grandient: 梯度GS :Gland Steam: 轴封蒸汽GSC :Gland Steam Condenser: 轴封加热器GV :Governor Valve: 高压调门H ::Heat Conservation 保温HS: Hand Switch:: 手动开关HTR Heater: 加热器HV: Hand Control Valve: 手动控制器HY: Hand Relay or Transducer 手动继电器（转换器）H :Hand: 手动HB :Heat Balance: 热平衡HD :Heater Drain:: 加热器疏水HDR :Header: 联箱HL ::Heat Loss: 热损失HMDY Humidity: 湿度HPH: High Pressure Heater: 高压加热器HPR :Hooper: 漏斗HPT :High Pressure Turbine: 高压汽机HR: Hot Reheat: 再热器热段HR: Heat Rate: 热耗率HSV: Hot Reheat Safety Valve: 再热器热段安全阀HVAC :Heating Ventilation & Air Conditioning:: 暖通HW :Hotwell: 热井HV ::Hand Control Valve: 手动控制器HYD :Hydraulic: 液力INTLK :Interlock : 联锁IC :Instrument and Control:: 仪表与控制（热工）ICV ::Inrtermediate Control Valve 中压控制阀ID :Induced Draft 抽风，引风IDF ::Induced Draft Fan: 引风机IGN ::Ignition: 点火装置INLT :Inlet: 入口IPR ::Initial Pressure: 初压INST :Instrument: 仪表INVR :Inverter: 逆变器I /O:: Input/Output 输入/ 输出IP :Intermediate Pressure: 中压ISV ::Intermediate Pressure Turbine Steam Valve: 中压缸进汽阀JP :Jet Pump: 喷射器LG :Level Gauge 液位计LVL ::Level: 水位，液位LA :Level Alarm: 液位报警LIM(LMIR): Limiter: 限制器LKG:: Leakage:: 泄漏LP :Low Pressure 低压L.P :Low Point : 低位LPH: Low Pressure Heater: 低压加热器LSH: Local Switch Hand: 就地开关LUB: Lubricating Oil: 润滑油M :Mechanical: 机械M :Motor: 马达MAG:: Magnetic: : 磁性MOD ::Mode: 方式:M/A :Manual/Automatic: 手动/ 自动MAN ::Manual :: 手动MARG: Margin:: 裕量MAX ::Maximum: 最大，最大值MCR ::Maximum Continuous Rating 最大连续出力MCV:: Main Control Valve: 主控制阀MD :Modulation Damper: 调节挡板MDBFP: Motor Driven Boiler Feedwater Pump: 电动给水泵MEAS ::Measure : 测量MFT: Master Fuel Trip: 主燃料跳闸MIN :Minimum: 最小MKUP (MU) Make-up: 补充ML :Mill: 磨煤机MN :Main: 主要M.O. :Manual Operation: 手操MPT :Main Power Transformer: 主变压器MS :Main Steam 主蒸汽MSV :Main Steam Valve: 主汽阀NOZ: Nozzle: 喷嘴NPSH :Net Pump Suction Head: 泵静吸压头OL: Overload: 过载OLR :Overload Relay: 过载继电器OPER :Operation: 运行OSC :Oscillograph: 示波器OTLT: Outlet: 出口PA: Primary Air: 一次风PAF :Primary Air Fan: 一次风机PAH :Pressure Alarm High: 高压报警PAL :Pressure Alarm Low: 低压报警PB: Push Button 按钮PC :Power Centre: 动力中心PC: Pressure Controller: 压力控制器P.C. :Pressure Control: 压力控制PCP :Precipitator 除尘器PCV :Pressure Control Valve:: 压力控制阀PDI :Pressure Differential Indication:差压指示PDT :Pressure Differential Trandsmitter: 差压变送器PED :Pdestal:: 轴承座PERF CALC Performance Calculation:: 性能计算PF: Power Factor 功率因数PHTR: Preheater: 预热器PMP :Pump: 泵PNEU :Pneumatic: 气动PR: Pressure Recorder: 压力记录计PRG :Purge: 吹扫PRV :Pressure Relief Valve: 泄压阀PRO :Protection: 保护PROGR:: Program: 程序PT: Pressure Transmitter: 压力变送器PULV: Pulverizer: 磨煤机PVSV :Pressure Vacuum Safety Valve 压力真空安全阀PW: Plant Water 厂用水PY: Pressure Relay: 压力继电器QA: Quality:: 质量，性能RB: Run Back: 快速降负荷RCV :Recovering: 回收RECIRC:: Recirculation 再循环RECT :Rectifier: 整流器RET :Return: 返回RH: Reheater: 再热器RO: Restriction Orifice: 节流孔板ROT :Rotor: 转子RTU :Remote Telemetry Unit:: 遥测装置SA :Secondary Air: 二次风SAT: Saturate: 饱和SC :Steam Coil Air Heater:: 暖风器SCAV :Scavenge: 吹扫SD: Shut-off Damper: 关断挡板:Shut-Down 停机SEP :Separator 分离器SG: Switchgear 开关装置SH: Superheater: 过热器SLS :Seals:: 密封SO: Shut Off: 关闭SPD :Speed: 转速SPRA: Spray: 喷水SPT :Support: 支持:ST: Start: 启动，开始STD-BY :Stand By: 备用ST: System:: 系统STM :Steam: 蒸汽STR: Stator:: 定子STRNR: Strainer: 滤器SU: Start Up: 启动SV: Solenoid Valve: 电磁阀SUCT: Suction: 吸入SW: Switch: 开关:Steam Water: 汽水SBLWR: Soot Blower 吹灰器TBFP Turbine Drive Boiler Feedwater Pump 汽泵TCV :Temperature Control Valve 温度控制T.B.: Transfer Damper: 转换挡板TE: Temperature Element: 温度元件TG: Turbine-generator: 汽轮发电机Turbine-gear: Turbine-gear: 汽机盘车THERM :Thermal 热力TMS: Turbine Master System: 汽机主控系统TRANS :Transfer: 转换TRBL: Trouble: 故障TRKG: Tracking: 跟踪TT: Temperature Transmitter: 温度变送器TTD: Terminal Temperature Difference: 温度端差TW: Thermowell: 热电偶套管UAM :Unit Automatic Master: 机组自动系统VAC: Vacuum: 真空VAL: Value: 数值VB: Vibration 振动VLV: Valve: 阀门WH: Watthour 瓦小时WP: Working Point: 工作点WW: Water Wall 水冷壁WX: Watt Transducer: 功率转换器COVER :Crossover 切换管CV: Control Valve: 控制阀英汉对照表A/H ：AUTOMATION/HAND : 自动/ 手动;A/M ：AUTOMATION/MANUAL: 自动/ 手动;ALARM 报警;AUX ：AUXILIARY :: 辅助;BYPASS 旁路CLOSE 关（状态，常指阀门）;CODE: 代码；编码COLD START — UP: 冷态启动COMPUTER : 计算机CURVE ，LINE: 曲线，线DATA: 数据；文件；资料DECREAS : 减少DESK: 台，桌DIGIT: 数字DISK: 磁盘DYNAMIC ；DYNAMICAL: 动态F ：FLOW 流量;FAST: 快FIGURE: 图示HIGH: 高HOT START — UP: 热态启动I＆C ：INSTRUMENT AND CONTROL 仪表与控制INCREAS: 增加INDICATION ；DISPLAY : 指示；显示;INLET 入口;INPUT 输入;INTERMEDIATE 中KEYBOARD: 键盘KW ：KILOWATT 千瓦L ：LOAD 负荷，负载;LOC ：LOCAL : 就地LOW: 低MCS ：MANAGMENT COMMAND SYSTEM 管理命令系统MODE : 方式，模式MW ：MEGAWATT 兆瓦NORMAL: 正常OFF : 关（状态）;ON : 开（状态）;OPEN: 开( 状态，常指阀门);OPERATE : 运行；操作;OUTLET 出口;OUTPUT 输出;P ：PRESSURE: 压力;PANEL 盘PARAMETER : 参数PIPE ；TUBE: 管道，管子PLANT: 厂，站POWER: 功率，电源;PRINT: 打印R ：RATE : 比率，速率;R ：RESISTANCE: 电阻;REM ：REMOTE : 摇控;RESET 复位ROOM : 室RPM:: 转/ 分;S ：SPEED 速度;SELECT 选择SET POINT 设定点SHUTDOWN : 停机;SIDE （某）侧，边;SILENCER 消音器SLOW : 慢STAND BY: 备用;START : 启动;STARTUP : 起动；启动;STATIC 静态STATION 站STOP: 停止;SYMBOL 符号SYSTEM: 系统T ：TEMPERATURE:: 温度;TEST: 试验;TRANSMITTIER;TRANSDUCER: 变送器；传感器TRIP 跳闸;TRIP ACKNOW: 跳闸确认UNAVAIL 不允许( 不能投用)UNIT : 单元、机组VALVE 阀门WARM START — UP: 温态启动ZOOM: 摄像机镜头锅炉部分ACTUAL MEGAWATT: 有功AIR DRAFT SEQUENCE: : 风机程序控制（顺控）AIR HEATER A MOTER: 空预器马达AAIR HEATER LOC/REM SELECT: 空预器就地/ 遥控选择AIR HEATER MOTOR LEAD: 空预器马达选择AIR HTR A SEC AIR OUT TEM 空预器A 二次风出口温度AIR PREHEATER: 空预器AIR SVCE SUPPLY: 服务空气ALARM LIMITS: :: 报警限制ALL AIR HTRS RUNNING 各空预器运行ALL PULV GRP SHUTDOWN 所有磨组停运ASH — HOPPER: : 灰斗ATTEMPERATOR: : 减温器AUX .ST: SPLY FOR ATOMIZ 辅助蒸汽供雾化蒸汽BOIL MILL A BNR MET TEMP 炉A 磨组喷燃器金属温度BOIL MILL A GR1 WDBOX PR 炉A 磨组第一组风箱压力BOILER AIR REQUIRED 锅炉风量需求（>30% ）BOILER EFFLUENT STORAGE: POOL 锅炉废水池BOILER FOLLOW MODE: 炉跟随方式BOILER MASTER: 锅炉主控器BOILER TRIP RESET: : 锅炉跳闸复位BOILER: 锅炉BURNNER: : 燃烧器CHIMNEY ；STACK:: : 烟囱CLEAN: 清扫COAL BANKER: :: 煤仓COAL FEEDER : 给煤机COMBUSTION : 燃烧CONVEYOR: 皮带机COORDINATE MODE 协调方式CRUSHER: 破碎机DECR/INCR PRESS AT FIX LOAD:: 固定负荷方式增减压力DOWM COMER:: 下降管DRAIN & VENT: 疏水和排气ECONOMIZER : 省煤器EITHER FAN RUNNING : 任一风机运行EITHER ID FAN RUNNING 任一吸风机运行ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR : 静电除尘器FD FAN A FLOW:: A 送风机流量FD FAN/ID FAN A CONT DAMPER A 送/ 吸风机控制挡板FEED WATER FLOW: 给水流量FEEDER LOCAL SELECT: 给煤机就地控制选择FEEDER REMOTE SELECT: 给煤机遥控选择FLUE GAS: 烟气FORCED DRAFT FAN : 送风机FUEL GAS ID FAN A OUTLET PRESS A 吸风机出口压力FURNACE PRESS: 炉膛压力FURNACE: 炉膛GAS COAL: :: 烟煤HEADER : 联箱、母管IGNITOR: : 点火器，油枪INDUCED DRAFT FAN : 引风机INDUCED&FORCED DRAFTS: 吸送风机INITIATE: 启动、引燃、激发、触发ISOLATION: 隔离；绝缘LFO .DISCH .PRESS : 轻油出口压力LIGHT OIL SEL GRP 1: 第一组轻油枪选择LIGHT OIL: 轻油LUB OIL PUMP:: 润滑油泵MAIN STEAM STOP VLV: 主蒸汽截止阀MAIN STEAM TEMP/PRESSURE/FLOW 主汽温度/ 压力/ 流量MAINTAINED IGNITORS PULVERIZER A:磨煤机A油枪操作MANUAL LOAD SET/RATE:手动负荷设定/ 负荷率MANUAL MODE: 手动方式MANUAL THROTTEL PRESS SET POINT:手动节流压力设定值MILL A GROUP MASTER : A 磨组主控器MILL A LOAD: A 磨组负荷MILL A OUT TEMP CONT DAMPER : A 磨组出口温度控制挡板MIN MAX LOAD （LIMITS ）: 最大最小负荷（限制）MMMC ＝MILLIMETER MERCURY ；MMH2O: 毫米汞柱；毫米水柱。
消防英语词汇
1 管道组成件Piping component1.1 管子Pipe管子(按照配管标准规格制造的) pipe管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管carbon steel pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢stainless steel pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe锻铁管wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管seamless (SMLS) steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance welded steel pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe热轧无缝钢管hot-rolling seamless pipe冷拔无缝钢管cold-drawing seamless pipe水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube直管run pipe; straight pipe1.2 管件Fitting弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow带支座弯头base elbowk半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头long radius return短半径180°弯头short radius return带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向）side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand) 双支管弯头（形）double branch elbow三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向）side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on outlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run)带支座三通base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet)异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式）reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head) 45°斜三通45°lateral45°斜三通（支管为异径）45°lateral (reducing on branch)45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径) 45°lateral (reducing on one run)45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径) 45°lateral (reducing on one run and branch)Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true “Y”四通cross等径四通straight cross异径四通reducing cross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on both outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet)异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer锻制异径管reducing swage螺纹支管台threadolet焊接支管台weldolet承插支管台sockolet弯头支管台elbolet斜接支管台latrolet镶入式支管嘴sweepolet短管支管台nipolet支管台，插入式支管台boss管接头coupling, full coupling半管接头half coupling异径管接头reducing coupling活接头union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯）bushing管帽cap (C)堵头plug短节nipple异径短节reducing nipple; swage nipple1.3 弯管Bend预制弯管fabricated pipe bend跨越弯管（^ 形）cross-over bend偏置弯管（~ 形）offset bend90°弯管quarter bend环形弯管cirele bend单侧偏置90°弯管（? 形）single offset quarter bendS形弯管“S”bend单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（| ?形）single offset “U”bendU形弯管“U”bend双偏置U膨胀弯管double offset expansion “U”bend斜接弯管mitre bend三节斜接弯管3-piece mitre bend折皱弯管corrugated bend圆度roundness1.4 法兰Flange (FLG）整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰）slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flange 承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰lap joint flange (LJF)对焊法兰welding neckflange (WNF)法兰盖blind flange, blind孔板法兰orifice flange异径法兰reducing flange盘座式法兰pad type flange松套带颈法兰loose hubbed flange焊接板式法兰welding plate flange对焊环welding neck collar （与stub end相似）平焊环welding-on collar突缘短节stub end, lap翻边端lapped pipe end松套板式法兰loose plate flange压力级pressure rating, pressure rating class压力—温度等级pressure-temperature rating法兰密封面，法兰面flange facing突面raised face (RF)凸面male face (MF)凹面female face (FMF)榫面tongue face槽面groove face环连接面ring joint face全平面；满平面flat face; full face (FF)光滑突面smooth raised face (SRF)法兰面加工facing finish粗糙度roughness光滑的smooth齿形serrated均方根root mean square (RMS)算术平均粗糙高度arithmetical average roughness height (AARH)配对法兰companion-flange螺栓圆bolt circle (B.C.)1.5 垫片Gasket (GSKT)垫片的型式type of gasket平垫片flat gasket环形平垫片flat ring gasket平金属垫片flat metal gasket夹棉织物的橡胶elastomer with cotton fabric insertion夹石棉织物的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement无石墨压缩白石棉垫片non graphited compressed white asbestos gasket天然白橡胶垫片natural white rubber gasket压缩石棉垫片compressed asbestos class gasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler内环inner ring外环，外定位环outer ring波纹金属垫片corrugated metal gasket波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket双夹套垫片double jacketed gasket金属包石棉平垫片flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket整体金属齿形垫片solid metal serrated gasket槽形金属垫片grooved metal gasket环形连接金属垫片ring joint metal gasket八角环形垫片octagonal ring gasket椭圆环形垫片oval ring gasket透镜式垫片lens gasket非金属垫片non-metallic gasket1.6 阀门V alve1.6.1 阀门结构、零件阀轭yoke外螺纹阀杆及阀轭outside screw and yoke (OS & Y) 阀杆stem内螺纹inside screw (IS)阀轭套yoke sleeve阀杆环stem ring阀座valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈seat ring整体（阀）座integral seat堆焊（阀）座deposited seat阀芯（包括密封圈、杆等内件）trim阀盘disc阀盘密封圈disc seat阀体body阀盖bonnet阀盖衬套bonnet bush螺纹阀帽screw cap螺纹阀盖screw bonnet螺栓连接的阀盖bolted bonnet (BB)活接阀盖（帽）union bonnet (cap)螺栓连接的阀帽bolted cap (BC)焊接阀盖welded bonnet (WB)本体阀杆密封body stem seal石棉安全密封asbestos emenen seal倒密封back seal压力密封的阀盖pressure-tight bonnet动力操纵器powered operator电动操纵器electric motor operator气动操纵器pneumatic operator液压操纵器hydraulic operator快速操纵器quick-acting operator滑动阀杆sliding stem正齿轮传动spur gear operated伞齿轮传动bevel gear operated扳手操作wrench operated链轮chain wheel手轮hand wheel手柄hand lever (handle)气缸（或液压缸）操纵的cylinder operated链条操纵的chain operated等径孔道full bore; full port异径孔道reducing bore, reduced port,venturi port短型short pattern紧凑型（小型）compact type笼式环lantern ring压盖gland阀杆填料stem packing阀盖垫片bonnet gasket升杆式（明杆）rising stem (RS)非升杆式（暗杆）non-rising stem (NRS) 指示器/限位器indicator/stopper注油器grease injector可更换的阀座环renewable seat ring1.6.2 常用阀(1）闸阀gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat开口楔形闸板split wedge挠性整体楔形闸扳flexible solid wedge 整体楔形闸板solid wedge塞型闸阀plug gate valve直通型闸阀through conduit gate valve (2) 截止阀globe valve球心型。
钢管方面英语词汇
钢管方面英语词汇管Pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe直管run pipe; straight pipeU 管U tube管( 如果按照配管标准规格制造的) pipe管(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube碳钢管carbon steel pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe锻铁管wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管seamless (SMLS) steel pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance welded steel pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate p ipe螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe直缝高频焊管high-frenquency longitudinal-seam steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe热轧无缝钢管hot-rolling seamless pipe冷拔无缝钢管cold-drawing seamless pipe水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe管子(按照配管标准规格制造的) pipe钢管(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube美国石油学会API American Petroleum INsotitute电阻焊ERW螺旋埋弧焊SSAW直缝埋弧焊LSAW低压流体输送有焊接钢管Welded steel pipe for low pressure l iquid deliveryfinished product 成品，产品semifinished product 半成品，中间产品ferrous products 铁制品coiled sheet 带状薄板bloom 初轧方坯metal strip, metal band 铁带，钢带billet 坯锭，钢坯shavings 剃边profiled bar 异型钢材shape, section 型钢angle iron 角钢frit 烧结wire 线材ferronickel 镍铁elinvar 镍铬恒弹性钢ferrite 铁氧体，铁醇盐cementite 渗碳体，碳化铁pearlite 珠光体charging, loading 装料，炉料fusion, melting, smelting 熔炼remelting 再熔化，重熔refining 精炼casting 出铁to cast 出铁tapping 出渣，出钢，出铁to insufflate, to inject 注入heating 加热preheating 预热tempering 回火temper 回火hardening 淬水annealing 退火reduction 还原（转载自中国教育文摘，请保留此标记。
管道管件常用英语(全面、实用、难得).
管道管件常用英语1 管道组成件Piping component1.1 管子Pipe管子(按照配管标准规格制造的) pipe管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管carbon steel pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢stainless steel pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe锻铁管wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管seamless (SMLS) steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance welded steel pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe热轧无缝钢管hot-rolling seamless pipe冷拔无缝钢管cold-drawing seamless pipe水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube直管run pipe; straight pipe1.2 管件Fitting弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow带支座弯头base elbowk半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头long radius return短半径180°弯头short radius return带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向）side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand)双支管弯头（形）double branch elbow三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向）side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on outlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run)带支座三通base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet)异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式）reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head)45°斜三通45° lateral45°斜三通（支管为异径）45° lateral (reducing on branch)45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run)45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run and branch)Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true “Y”四通cross等径四通straight cross异径四通reducing cross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on both outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet) 异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer锻制异径管reducing swage螺纹支管台threadolet焊接支管台weldolet承插支管台sockolet弯头支管台elbolet斜接支管台latrolet镶入式支管嘴sweepolet短管支管台nipolet支管台，插入式支管台boss管接头coupling, full coupling半管接头half coupling异径管接头reducing coupling活接头union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯）bushing管帽cap (C)堵头plug短节nipple异径短节reducing nipple; swage nipple预制弯管fabricated pipe bend跨越弯管（^ 形）cross-over bend偏置弯管（~ 形）offset bend90°弯管quarter bend环形弯管cirele bend单侧偏置90°弯管（? 形）single offset quarter bendS形弯管“S” bend单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（| ?形）single offset “U” bendU形弯管“U” bend双偏置U膨胀弯管double offset expansion “U” bend斜接弯管mitre bend三节斜接弯管3-piece mitre bend折皱弯管corrugated bend圆度roundness1.4 法兰Flange (FLG）整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰）slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flange 承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰lap joint flange (LJF)对焊法兰welding neckflange (WNF)法兰盖blind flange, blind孔板法兰orifice flange异径法兰reducing flange盘座式法兰pad type flange松套带颈法兰loose hubbed flange焊接板式法兰welding plate flange对焊环welding neck collar （与stub end相似）平焊环welding-on collar突缘短节stub end, lap翻边端lapped pipe end松套板式法兰loose plate flange压力级pressure rating, pressure rating class压力—温度等级pressure-temperature rating法兰密封面，法兰面flange facing突面raised face (RF)凸面male face (MF)凹面female face (FMF)榫面tongue face环连接面ring joint face全平面；满平面flat face; full face (FF)光滑突面smooth raised face (SRF)法兰面加工facing finish粗糙度roughness光滑的smooth齿形serrated均方根root mean square (RMS)算术平均粗糙高度arithmetical average roughness height (AARH)配对法兰companion-flange螺栓圆bolt circle (B.C.)1.5 垫片Gasket (GSKT)垫片的型式type of gasket平垫片flat gasket环形平垫片flat ring gasket平金属垫片flat metal gasket夹棉织物的橡胶elastomer with cotton fabric insertion夹石棉织物的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement 无石墨压缩白石棉垫片non graphited compressed white asbestos gasket天然白橡胶垫片natural white rubber gasket压缩石棉垫片compressed asbestos class gasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler内环inner ring外环，外定位环outer ring波纹金属垫片corrugated metal gasket波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket双夹套垫片double jacketed gasket金属包石棉平垫片flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket整体金属齿形垫片solid metal serrated gasket槽形金属垫片grooved metal gasket环形连接金属垫片ring joint metal gasket八角环形垫片octagonal ring gasket椭圆环形垫片oval ring gasket透镜式垫片lens gasket非金属垫片non-metallic gasket1.6 阀门Valve1.6.1 阀门结构、零件阀轭yoke外螺纹阀杆及阀轭outside screw and yoke (OS & Y) 阀杆stem内螺纹inside screw (IS)阀轭套yoke sleeve阀杆环stem ring阀座valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈seat ring整体（阀）座integral seat堆焊（阀）座deposited seat阀芯（包括密封圈、杆等内件）trim阀盘disc阀盘密封圈disc seat阀体body阀盖bonnet阀盖衬套bonnet bush螺纹阀帽screw cap螺纹阀盖screw bonnet螺栓连接的阀盖bolted bonnet (BB)活接阀盖（帽）union bonnet (cap)螺栓连接的阀帽bolted cap (BC)焊接阀盖welded bonnet (WB)本体阀杆密封body stem seal石棉安全密封asbestos emenen seal倒密封back seal压力密封的阀盖pressure-tight bonnet动力操纵器powered operator电动操纵器electric motor operator气动操纵器pneumatic operator液压操纵器hydraulic operator快速操纵器quick-acting operator滑动阀杆sliding stem正齿轮传动spur gear operated伞齿轮传动bevel gear operated扳手操作wrench operated链轮chain wheel手轮hand wheel手柄hand lever (handle)气缸（或液压缸）操纵的cylinder operated链条操纵的chain operated等径孔道full bore; full port异径孔道reducing bore, reduced port,venturi port短型short pattern紧凑型（小型）compact type笼式环lantern ring压盖gland阀杆填料stem packing阀盖垫片bonnet gasket升杆式（明杆）rising stem (RS)非升杆式（暗杆）non-rising stem (NRS)指示器/限位器indicator/stopper注油器grease injector可更换的阀座环renewable seat ring1.6.2 常用阀(1）闸阀gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat开口楔形闸板split wedge挠性整体楔形闸扳flexible solid wedge整体楔形闸板solid wedge塞型闸阀plug gate valve直通型闸阀through conduit gate valve(2) 截止阀globe valve球心型阀盘globe type disc塞型阀盘plug type disc可转动的阀盘swivel disc(3) 节流闪阀throttle valve针阀needle valve(4) 角阀angle valve(5) Y型阀（Y 型阀体截止阀）Y-valve (Y-body globe valve)(6) 球阀ball valve三通球阀3-way ball valve装有底轴的trunnion mounted耐火型fire safe type浮动球型floating ball type防脱出阀杆blowout proof stem(7) 蝶阀butterfly valve对夹式（薄片型）wafer type凸耳式lug type偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc burerfly valve; eccentric butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve8) 柱塞阀piston type valve(9) 旋塞阀plug valve三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock(10) 隔膜阀diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve堰式隔膜阀weir diaphragm valve(11) 夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve（用于泥浆、粉尘等）(12) 止回阀check valve升降式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve, flap check valve落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve双板对夹式止回阀dual plate wafer type check valve无撞击声止回阀non-slam cheek valve底阀foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve; non-return valve活塞式止回阀piston check valve斜翻盘止回阀tilting disc check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve1.6.3 其它用途的阀安全泄气阀safety valve (SV)安全泄液阀relief valve (RV)安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type引导阀操纵的安全泄气阀pilot operated safety valve复式安全泄气阀twin type safety valve罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve电磁阀solenoid valve, solenoid operated valve电动阀electrically operated valve, electric-motor operated valve 气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀steam trap机械式疏水阎mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀open bucket trap, open top bucket trap浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀metal expansion steam trap液体膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀liquid expansion steam trap双金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀bimetallic expansion steam trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap放气阀（自动放气阀）air vent valve (automatic air vent valve) （疏水阀用）平板式滑动闸阀slab type sliding gate valve盖阀flat valve换向阀diverting valve, reversing valve热膨胀阀thermo expansion valve自动关闭阀self-closing gate valve自动排液阀self-draining valve管道盲板阀line-blind valve挤压阀squeeze valve（用于泥浆及粉尘等）呼吸阀breather valve风门、挡板damper减压阀pressure reducing valve, reducing valve控制阀control valve膜式控制阀diaphragm operated control valve执行机构actuator背压调节阀back pressure regulating valve差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve压力比例调节阀pressure ratio regulating valve1.6.4 未指明结构（或阀型）的阀切断阀block valve; shut-off valve; stop valve调节阀regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve快闭阀quick closing valve隔断阀isolating valve三通阀three way valve夹套阔jacketed valve非旋转式阀non-rotary valve排污阀blowdown valve集液排放阀drip valve排液阀drain valve放空阀vent valve卸载阀unloading valve排出阀discharge valve吸入阀suction valve多通路阀multiport valve取样阀sampling valve手动阀hand-operated valve; manually operated valve锻造阀forged valve铸造阀cast valve（水）龙头bibb; bib; faucet抽出液阀（小阀）bleed valve旁路阀by-pass valve软管阀hose valve混合阀mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲洗阀flush valve第一道阀；根部阀primary valve根部阀root valve总管阀header valve事故切断阀emergency valve1.7 管道特殊件Piping Specialty1.7.1 管道特殊件（组件）粗滤器strainer过滤器filter临时粗滤器（锥型）temporary strainer (cone type)y 型粗滤器y-type strainerT型粗滤器T-type strainer永久过滤器permanent filter丝网粗滤器gauze strainer洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower视镜sight glass阻火器flame arrester喷嘴；喷头spray nozzle取样冷却器sample cooler消声器silencer膨胀节expansion joint波纹膨胀节bellow expansion joint单波single bellow双波double bellow多波multiple bellow压力平衡式膨胀节pressure balanced expansion带铰链膨胀节hinged expansion joint轴向位移型膨胀节axial movement type expansion joint 自均衡膨胀节（外加强环）self-equalizing expansion joint 带接杆膨胀节tied expansion joint万向型膨胀节universal type expansion joint球形补偿器ball type expansion joint填函式补偿器slip type (packed type) expansion joint单向滑动填料函补偿器single actionpacked slip joint1.7.2 管道特殊元件Piping Special Element软管接头hose connection (HC)快速接头quick coupling金属软管metal hose橡胶管rubber hose挠性管flexible tube鞍形补强板reinforcing saddles补强板reinforcement pad特殊法兰special flange漏斗funnel排液环drip ring排液漏斗drain funnel插板blank垫环spacer8字盲板spectacle blind; figure 8 blind限流孔板restriction orifice爆破片rupture disk法兰盖贴面protective disc费托立克接头victaulic coupling1.8 端部连接End Connection法兰端flanged end坡口端beveled end (BE)对焊端butt welded end平端plain end (PE)承插焊端socket welding end螺纹端threaded end (TE)承口bell end焊接端welding end法兰连接（接头）flanged joint对焊连接（接头）butt welded joint螺纹连接，管螺纹连接threaded joint, pipe threaded joint 锥管螺纹密封焊连接seal-welded taper pipe threaded joint 承插焊连接（接头）socket welded joint承插连接（接头）bell and spigot joint环垫接头ring joint (RJ)万向接头universal joint软钎焊连接（接头）soldered joint搭接接头，松套连接lapped joint外侧厚度切斜角bevel for outside thickncss内侧厚度切斜角bevel for inside thickness内外侧厚度切斜角bevel for combined thickness法兰式的flanged (FLGD)对焊的butt welded (BW)螺纹的threaded (THD)承插焊的socket welded (SW)小端为平的small end plain (SEP)大端为平的large end plain (LEP)两端平both ends plain (BEP)小端带螺纹small end thread (SET)大端带螺纹large end thread (LET)两端带螺纹both end thread (BET)一端带螺纹one end thread (OET)支管连接branch connection焊接支管branch pipe welded directly to the run pipe 2 管道用紧固件及螺纹2.1 紧固件螺栓bolt六角头螺栓hexagonal head bolt方头螺栓square head bolt螺柱，双头螺栓stud bolt环头螺检eye bolt沉头螺栓countersunk (head) screw地脚螺栓anchor bolt; foundation bolt松紧螺旋扣（花篮螺丝）turnbuckleU形螺栓U-boltT形螺栓T-bolt圆头螺钉round head bolt机螺栓，机螺钉maehine bolt顶开螺栓，顶起螺栓Jack screw自攻螺钉self tapping screw膨胀螺栓expansion bolt粗制的coarse精制的finished, fine螺母nut六角螺母hexagonal nut方螺母square nut蝶形螺母wing nut扁螺母flat nut锁紧螺母lock nut垫圈washer平垫圈plain washer球面垫圈spherical washer弹簧垫圈spring washer方垫圈square washer斜垫圈slant washer销轴pinned shan销pin开口销cotter pin定位销dowel pin带孔销pin with hole圆锥销taper pin铆钉rivet键key2.2 螺纹左螺纹left hand thread右螺纹right hand thread管螺纹pipe thread锥管螺纹taper pipe thread直管螺纹straight pipe thread梯形螺纹trapezoid thread螺距pitch of thread粗牙螺纹coarse thread细牙螺纹fine thread特细牙螺纹extra fine thread通长螺纹full thread惠氏螺纹whitworth thread公制螺纹metric ibread美国标准锥管螺纹American standard taper pipe thread (NPT) 螺孔tap3 材料、型钢及填料3.1 金属材料3.1.1 黑色金属Ferrous Metal碳素钢carbon steel (CS)低碳钢low-carbon steel中碳钢medium-carbon steel高碳钢high-carbon steel普通碳素钢general carbon steel优质碳素钢high-quality carbon steel普通低合金结构钢general structure low-alloy steel合金结构钢structural alloy steel合金钢alloy steel低合金钢low alloy steel中合金钢medium alloy steel高合金钢high alloy steel耐热钢heat resisting steel高强度钢high strength steel复合钢clad steel工具钢tool steel弹簧钢spring steel钼钢molybdenum steel镍钢nickel steel铬钢chromium steel铬钼钢chrome-molybdenum steel铬镍钢chromium-nickel steel,chrome-nickel steel 不锈钢stainless steel (S.S.)奥氏体不锈钢Austenitic stainless steel马氏体不锈钢Martensitic stainless steel司特来合金（钨铬钴台金）Stellite耐蚀耐热镍基合金Hastelloy铬镍铁合金inconel耐热铬镍铁合金incoloy20合金20 alloy平炉钢（马丁钢）Martin steel镇静钢killed steel半镇静钢semi-killed steel沸腾钢rimmed steel; rimming steel; open-steel锻钢forged steel铸钢cast steel铸铁cast iron (C.I.)灰铸铁grey cast iron可锻铸铁malleable iron (MI)球墨铸铁nodular cast iron; nodular graphite iron 生铁pig iron熟铁，锻铁wrought iron铸件casting高硅铸铁high silicon cast iron3.1.2 镀层及制造方法渗铬钢，镀铬钢chromized steel镀铬的chromium-plated, chrome-plated镀层plating锻造，型钢swage锻造的，锻造forging热轧hot rolling冷轧cold rolling挤压extruding冷加工cold working热加工hot working拔制drawing3.1.3 有色金属Non-ferrous Metal铝aluminum铜，紫铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze铝青铜aluminum bronze磷青铜phosphor bronze铝镁合金aluminum magnesium锰青铜manganese bronze蒙乃尔（注：镍及铜合金）Monel镍铜台金nickel copper alloy非铁合金nonferrous alloy钛titanium铅lead硬铅hard lead3.1.4 材料性能极限强度ultimate strength抗拉强度tensile strength屈服极限yield limit屈服点yield point延伸率percentage elongation抗压强度compressive strength抗弯强度bending strength弹性极限elastic limit冲击值impact value疲劳极限fatigue limit蠕变极限creep limit持久极限endurance limit布氏硬度Brinell hardness洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness维氏硬度Vickers diamond hardness, diamond penetrator hardness 蠕变断裂强度creep rupture strength断面收缩率reduction of area脆性brittleness延性ductility冷脆cold shortness冷流cold flow3.2 非金属材料Non-metallic Material塑料plastic丙烯腈—丁二烯—苯乙烯acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) 聚乙烯polyethylene (PE)聚氯乙烯polyvinyl chloride (PVC)苯乙烯橡胶styrene-rubber (SR)聚丁烯polybutylene (PB)聚丙烯polypropylene (PP)聚苯乙烯polystyrene (PS)氯化聚醚chlorinated polyether (CPE)聚酰胺polyamide (PA)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate (PC)聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)醋酸丁酸纤维素cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB)氯化聚氯乙烯chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC)聚偏二氟乙烯polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)缩醛塑料acetal plastic尼龙塑料nylon plastic聚烯烃polyolefin (PO)石墨酚醛塑料graphite phenolic plastics聚四氟乙烯polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)纤维增强热塑性塑料fiber reinforced thermoplastics热塑性塑料thermoplastic热固性塑料thermosetting plastics胶粘剂adhesive溶剂胶接剂solvent cement树脂resin环氧树脂epoxy, epoxy resin聚酯树脂polyester resin聚酯纤维polyester fibers氟塑料fluoroplastics聚氨基甲酸酯polyurethane丙烯酸树脂acrylic resin脲醛树脂urea resin呋哺树脂furan resin乙烯丙烯二烃单体ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) 合成橡胶synthetic rubber丁腈橡胶nitrile butadiene rubber氯丁橡胶neoprene天然橡胶natural rubber乙丙橡胶ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)玻璃glass硼硅玻璃borosilicate glass耐火砖fire brick陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel木材wood3.3 型材型钢shaped steel, section steel, swage角钢angle steel槽钢channel工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢wide flanged beamT型钢T-bar方钢square bar扁钢flat bar角钢hexagonal steel bar圆钢round steel; rod钢带strap steel钢板plate网纹钢板checkered plate腹板（指型钢的立板）web翼缘（指型钢的缘）wing3.4 填料及填料函填料packing石棉绳asbestos rope, asbestos cord．O形环O-ring自密封self-sealing四氟带Teflon tap带铬镍合金丝的石棉绳asbestos rope with inconel wire, inconel wire asbestos 浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料Teflon impregnated asbestos packing金属填料metallic stuffing填料箱，填料函packing box, stuffing box填料函压盖stuffing box gland4 管道等级及材料统计4.1 管道材料规定Piping Material Specification管道等级piping class; piping classification管道等级号class designation公称直径nominal diameter (DN); nominal (pipe) size公称压力nominal pressure (PN)压力级，等级，类别class (CL)低压low pressure (L.P.)中压medium pressure (M.P.)高压high pressure (H.P.)大气压atmosphere (ATM)真空vacuum工作压力operating pressure; working pressure设计压力design pressure工作温度operating temperature设计温度design temperature环境温度ambient temperature腐蚀裕量corrosion allowance管道附件piping attachment管道元件piping element壁厚wall thickness (WT)壁厚系列号schedule number (SCH. No.)加厚的，加强的extra heavy, extra strong双倍加厚的，双倍加强的double extra heavy, double extra strong通用连接组typieal installation分组（类）形式（如管道等级表）block form数据库data base文件file4.2 材料统计Material Take-off (MTO)汇总表summary sheet材料表bill of material (BM)综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary sheet (CPMSS) 统计材料准确度accuracy of take-off材料情况报告material status report (MSR)散装材料bulk material编位号的itemized代码code number短代码short code数量quantity (QTY)重力weight净重net weight毛重gross weight5 设备布置及管道布置Plot Plan and Piping Layout,Equipment and Piping Arrangement 5.1 设备名称Equipment Name5.1.1 容器Vessel(1) 塔tower, column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower蒸馏塔distillation tower再生塔regenering tower造粒塔prflling tower汽提塔stripper脱气塔degasifier合成塔synthesis tower(2) 反应器reactor聚台釜polymerizer转化器，变换器converter脱硫反应器desulphurization reactor甲烷化器methanator(3) 气柜gas-holder螺旋式气柜helical gas-holder湿式气柜wet gas-holder干式气柜dry gas-holder(4) 槽罐贮罐tank; storage tank缓冲罐knock out drum球罐spheroid, spherical tank罐drum接受槽receiver计量槽measuring tank加料槽feed tank排污罐blow down tank闪蒸罐flash drum汽包steam drum溶液贮槽solution storage tank地下槽sloptank(5) 其它设备分离器separator旋风分离器cyclone分子筛molecular sieve脱氧器deaerator搅拌器agitator干燥器dryer混合器mixer萃取器extractor结晶器crystallizer澄清器gravity settler净化器purifier气化器vaporizer吸附器adsorber融解槽melter减温器desuperheater升压器booster喷射器ejector喷头sprayer火炬flare消声器silencer(6) 换热器、加热器、冷却器换热器heat exchanger空冷器air cooler水冷却器water cooler冷凝器condenser螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger 蒸发器evaporator再沸器reboiler急冷器quencher深冷器chiller预热器preheater再热器reheater加热器heater电加热器electric heater过热器super heater给水加热器feed water heater中间冷却器inter cooler后冷却器after cooler5.1.2 工业炉及锅炉炉子furnace烧嘴burner锅炉boiler烟囱stack废热锅炉waste heat boiler辅助锅炉auxiliary boiler省煤器economizer回热炉direct-fired heater辐射段radiant section对流段convection section裂化炉reformer焚烧炉incinerator回转窑rotary kiln炉管furnace tube吹灰器soot blower观察孔observation door, peep door防爆门explosion door5.2 辅助用房名称5.2.1 生产用房分析室analyzer room变压器室transformer room配电室，变电所substation, switch room蓄电池室battery room控制室control room通风室ventilating room贮藏室storage room维修间maintenance room办公室office5.2.2 生活用房更农室locker room盥洗室，厕所closet, lavatory, toilet5.3 图名管道布置平面piping arrangement plan (PAP)管道布置piping layout轴测图isometric drawing分区索引图key plan初版设备布置图（“A”版）preliminary plot plan ( “A” issue)内部审查版设备布置图（“B”版）inre rnal approval plot plan ( “B” issue)用户审查版设备布置图（“C”版) owner approval plot plan ( “C” issue)确认版设备布置图（“D”版）confirm plot plan ( “D” issue)研究版设备布置图（“e”版）planning plot plan ( “E” issue)设计版设备布置图（“F”）designing plot plan ( “F” issue)施工版设备布置图（“G”版）construct ion plot plan ( “G” issue) 5.4 厂房、站、单元压缩机房compressor house (room)泵房pump house (room)洗眼站eye washer station泡沫站foam station软管站，公用工程站hose station (HS), utility station成套设备package unit设施facilities罐区tank yard空分装置air separation facility5.5 设备布置设备位号equipment item number工厂plant工厂区界plant limit项目区界内侧inside battery limit (I.S.B.L.)项目区界batterylimit (BL)区界area limit区域边界zone iimit界外off site东east (E)西west (W)南south (S)北north (N)上up下down工厂北向plant north真实北向true north道路road小过道cat walk, cat way走道，过道walk way, gangway, access way污水坑（井）sump pit集水池catch basin沟槽through预留区trough场地future area铺砌区paving area非铺砌区unpaved area碎石铺面gravel paving橡皮铺面rubber paving面积，区域area体积，容积volume (VOL)5.6 管道布置管道设计piping design管道研究piping study走向研究routing study重要管道critical piping地上管道above ground piping地下管道under ground piping管网network of pipes管廊pipe rack管沟piping trench管间距line spacing管道跨距line span总管header, manifold旁路by pass排液drain放空vent上升管，垂直管riser导管canduit裸管bare iine管件直接fitting to fitting (FTF)管段，接口spool piece, spool取样接口sampling connection集液包drip leg伴热管tracing pipe蒸汽伴热steam tracing热水伴热hot-water tracing电伴热electrical tracing夹套管jacketed line, jacketed piping 全夹套的full jacketed平面plan详图detail“ ”视图X view “X”“ ”剖视A-A section “A-A”连接图hook up drawing接续图continue on drawing (COD) 接续线match line (M.L.)比例scale图例legend符号symbol管口表list of nozzles方位orientation管口方位nozzle orientation定位location相交intersection水平的horizontal垂直的，立式的vertical垂直，正交，垂直的perpendicular平行，平行的parallel水平安装horizontal installation垂直安装vertical installafion对称的symmetric相反（的），对面（的）opposite顺时针方向clock wise逆时针方向counter clock wise计算机辅助设计computer aided design (CAD) 5.7 图面标注绝对标高abselute elevation海平面标高over-sea mean level (OSL)标高，立面elevation (EL)混凝土顶面top of concrete架顶面top of support (TOS)钢结构顶面top of steel梁项面top of beam (TOB)支撑点point of suppon (POS)管顶top of pipe (TOP)管底bouom of pipe (BOP)沟底boaom of trench管子内底invert (inside bottom of pipe)底平flat on bottom (FOB)顶平flat on top (FOT)工作点working point (W.P.)面至面face to face (F-F)中心至端面center to end (C-E)中心至面center to face (C-F)中心至中心，中至中center to center (C-C)坐标coordinate坐标原点origin of coordinate出口中心线center line of discharge入口中心线center line of suction中心线centerline (CL)入口inlet, suction出口outlet, discharge排出口exhaust距离distance5.8 相关专业的专业词汇5.8.1 工艺(1) 图及表流程图flow diagram工艺流程图process flow diagram (PFD)管道及仪表流程图piping andinstrument flow diagram (PID)公用工程流程图utility flow diagram (UFD) 管线表line list; line schedule命名表；管道表nomenclature设备表equipment list (schedule)(2) 流体fluid空气air仪表空气instrument air工艺空气process air低压蒸汽low pressure steam中压蒸汽medium pressure steam高压蒸汽high pressure steam伴热蒸汽tracing steam饱和蒸汽saturated steam过热蒸汽superheated steam氧气oxygen氢气hydrogen氮气nitrogen燃料气fuel gas天然气natural gas火炬气flare gas酸性气sour gas液化石油气liquefired petroleum gas (LPG) 氨气ammonia gas冷却水cooling循环水circulating water锅炉给水boiler feed water热水hot water蒸汽冷凝水steam condensate盐水brine工艺水process water化学污水chemical sewage防腐剂corrosion inhibitor重油heavy oil石脑油naphtha燃料油fuel oil润滑油lubricating oil密封油sealing oil冷冻剂refrigerant载热体heating medium溶剂solvent溶液solution母液mother liquor单体monomer聚合物polymer均聚物homopolymer共聚物copolymer工艺液体process liquid工艺气体process gas硫酸sulphuric acid盐酸chlorhydric acid硝酸nitric acid烧碱caustic soda(3) 流体特性fluid characteristics 蒸汽压vapor pressure临界温度critical temperature临界点critical point临界压力critical pressure比热specific heat湿度humidity密度density比重specific gravity粘度viscosity闪点flash point融点melting point凝固点freezing point浓度concentration爆炸极限limit of explosion有毒的toxic可燃的；易燃的flammable(4) 其它回收recovery再生regeneration循环cireulatlon再循环；再生recycle补充make-up制备preparation蒸汽吹扫steaming out吹扫purge抽空；排空evacuation吹出blow-off排污blow down破真空vacuum breaker大气腿barometric leg备用stand-by化学清洗chemical cleaning净正吸入压头net positive suction head (NPSH) 进料feed成品product污染contamination大气污染atmospheric pollution环境温度ambient temperature5.8.2 建筑、结构建筑物building钢结构steel structure已有钢结构existing steel structure钢筋混凝土结构reinforced concrete construction 楼面floor平台platform (PF)地面ground level栏杆handrail楼梯stair; stair way直梯ladder柱column; post; stanchion基础foundation; footing粱beam斜撑；支撑bracing桁架；主粱girder构件member隔墙partition wall墙wall篦子板grate; grating吊装孔erection opening吊梁hoisting beam棚shelter窗window天窗skylight门door防火门fire door地漏floor drain防火层fire-proofing总图general plot plan路肩shoulder桩pile灌浆grouting风荷载wind load雪荷载snow load动力荷载dynamic load静荷载dead load活荷载live load风速wind velocity主导风向most frequent wind direction5.8.3 仪表盘（操作盘）panel就地盘local panel仪表盘instrument panel常开normally open常闭normally closed电缆槽（架）cable tray (channel); cable rack 仪表电缆槽（架）instrument cable tray (duct) 压力计manometer; pressure gauge热电偶thermocouple温度计thermometer液位计level gauge玻璃液位计gage glass温度计保护管thermowell流量计flow meter孔板orifice变送器transmitter联锁interlock仪器；设备apparatus仪器分析instrumental analysis自动分析automatic analysis气体分析gas analysis化学分析chemical analysis气相色谱仪gas chromatograph液相色谱仪liquid chromatograph质谱分析mass spectrometric analysis 5.8.4 电气危险区划分hazardous area classification 危险区平面图hazardous area plan电气盘electrical panel配电盘switch board电缆沟cable trench电流current直流direct current交流alternating current频率frequency相位phase功率因数power factor电压voltage电阻resistance电容capacitance静电static electricity接地grounding; easthing照明lighting; illumination避雷针lightning preventer电话telephone电线wire接线箱（盒）junction box导线管conduit tube5.8.5 设备固定鞍座fixed saddle滑动鞍座sliding saddle管口nozzle人孔manhole (MH)手孔handhole (HH)检查孔inspection hole吊柱davit切线tangent line焊接线weldingiine件号part humbet椭圆形封头ellipsoidal head加强圈reinforcing ring接地板earth lug吊耳lifting lug气缸cylinder轴shaft轴承bearing附件，附属设备accessory编位号设备itemized equipment无位号设备non-itemized equipment 5.8.6 水道(1) 流体原水raw water硬水hard water软水soft water饮用水potable water循环冷却水给水cooling water supply 循环冷却水回水cooling water return 脱盐水demineralized water苦咸水（碱性水）brackish water生活污水sanitary sewer工业废水industrial waste water雨水rain water污染雨水contaminated rain water消防水fire water(2) 装置、设施软化装置softener沉淀器settler沉淀池clarifier脱盐装置demineralizer水处理water traatment冷却塔cooling tower中和池neutralization tank化粪池septic tank渗滤井soak-away pit井well阀井valve pit清扫口clean out（3）消防消火栓hydrant水炮water monitor洒水器sprinkler水喷淋watering灭火器fire extinguisher消防水泵fire pump消防车fire fighting truck泡沫消防foam fire-fighting泡沫栓foam hydrant泡沫炮foam monitor消防软管接头fire hose connection6 管道支吊架Pipe Supports and Hangers 6.1 管架零部件Attachment of Support管托shoe管卡clampU形夹（卡）clevis锻制U形夹forged steel clevis支耳；吊耳lug; ear耳轴trunnion止动挡块shear lug托座stool托架cradle带状卡strap clamp夹板，导向板cleat可调夹板adjustable cleat角板；连接板gusset筋；肋rib支承环ring加强板stiffiener底板base plate顶板top plate翅片式导向板fin预埋件embedded part; inserted plate垫板（安装垫平用）shim锚固件；生根件clip预焊件(设备上) clip (on equipment)聚四氟乙烯滑动板PTFE sliding plate连接板tie plate连接杆tie rod限制杆limit rod带环头拉杆eye rod。
汽车配件单词
底盘车Chasis Truck引擎零件Engine Parts引擎Engine引擎波司Engine Bush引擎修理包Engine Gasket Kits引擎零件Engine Parts凸轮轴Camshaft凸轮轴链轮Sprocket Camshaft皮带张力器Tensioner曲轴Crankshaft曲轴皮带盘Crankshaft Pulley曲轴轴承片Crankshaft Bearing汽门V alve汽门座V alve Seat汽门摇臂V alve Arm汽门摇臂盖Rocker Cover汽门弹簧V alve Spring汽门导管V alve Guide汽缸头(盖) Cylinder Head汽缸衬套Cylinder Liner汽缸体Cylinder Block波司垫片Washer活塞Piston活塞肖Piston Pin活塞环Piston Ring活塞衬套Piston Liner飞轮Flywheel飞轮环齿轮Ring Gear of Flywheel 时规炼条/皮带Timing Chain/Belt连杆Connecting Rod连杆轴承片Connecting Rod Bearing 摇臂轴Rocker Arm Shaft汽门锁V alve Cotter止推垫片Thrust Washer共鸣箱Resonator喷油嘴Injection Nozzle燃料系统Fueling System油箱Fuel Tank油箱浮筒Gauge Fuel Tank空气滤清器Air Cleaner空气滤清器盖Air Cleaner Cover空气滤清器导管Air Intake Tube空气滤蕊Air Cleaner Element消音器Exhaust Muffler排气歧管Exhaust Manifold排气管Exhaust Pipe进气歧管Intake Manifold节流阀Throttle V alve燃油管Fuel Pipe燃油帮浦Fuel Pump燃油滤清器Fuel Filter触媒转化器Catalytic Converter柴油车黑烟净化器Diesel Particulate Filter 时规炼条/皮带外盖Timing Chain/Belt Cover 燃料系统Fueling System废气回收管EGR Tube冷却系统Cooling System水箱Radiator水管Water Hose水箱水管Radiator Hose水帮浦Water Pump水箱风扇Radiator Fan风扇Fan副水箱Auxiliary Radiator节温器Thermostat调节器Regulator水箱支架Radiator Mounting冷却系统Cooling SystemA/C风扇A/C Fan润滑系统Lubrication System油底壳Oil Pan自排车用滤油器Oil Filter for Automatic Transmission机油尺Oil Level Gauge机油帮浦Oil Pump机油滤清器Oil Filter机油滤网Oil Strainer润滑系统Lubrication System机油尺导管Oil Level Gauge Tube空调系统Air-conditioning System冷气总成A/C Assembly冷气配管A/C Hose冷气导风管A/C Duct冷气压缩机A/C Compressor冷凝器A/C Condenser暖气总成Heater Assembly鼓风机Blower Assembly蒸发器Evaporator冷媒管A/C Pipe储液瓶A/C Receiver空调相关零件A/C Related Components 空气清净机Air Purifier空调滤网A/C Filter空调系统Air-conditioning System提速器Actuator车身钣金件Body & Stamping Parts引擎支撑Engine Mounting引擎盖Engine Hood车身Car Body车门Door Panel车顶板Roof底盘及其另件Chassis and Related Parts 底盘车架Frame门框Sash保险杆Bumper钣金件Stamping Parts叶子板Fender横梁Cross Member行李箱盖Trunk Lid车柱Pillar车身钣金件Body & Stamping Parts支架Bracket补强板Reinforcement Plate底盘系统Chassis System下臂Lower Arm上臂Upper Arm手剎车拉柄Parking Brake Lever支柱总成Strut Assembly方向盘Steering Wheel比例阀Proportional V alve主轴、副轴Mainshaft / Countershaft平衡杆Stabilizer Bar扭力杆Torsion Bar剎车分泵Brake Cylinder剎车来令片Brake Lining Shoe剎车油管(软) Brake Hose剎车油管(硬) Brake Tube剎车真空倍力器Brake V acuum Booster 剎车总泵Brake Master Cylinder后轴总成Rear Axle Assembly动力方向系统Power Steering System 动力转向油管Power Steering Hose动力转向帮浦Power Steering Pump控制拉线Control Cable排档杆Shift Lever排档头Knob球形接头Ball Joint等速接头 C.V. Joint传动轴Propeller Shaft叶片弹簧Leaf Spring鼓、碟式剎车器Drum / Disc Brake ssembly鼓式剎车盘Brake Drum碟式剎车盘Brake Disc辅助气囊Air Bag踏板Pedal齿轮Gear横拉杆接头Tie-Rod End螺旋弹簧Coil Spring避震器Shock Absorber转向连杆Steering Linkage转向节臂Knuckle转向齿轮箱Steering Gear Box转向机柱Steering Column转向总成Steering Assembly离合器分泵Clutch Cylinder离合器片Clutch Disc离合器外壳Clutch Case离合器总成Clutch Assembly离合器总泵Clutch Master Cylinder离合器释放轴承Clutch Release Bearing变速箱Transmission Box变速箱外壳Transmission Case曳力杆Trailing Arm避震器前后活塞杆Piston Rod of Front and RearShock Absorber底盘系统Chassis System自排变速箱修理包Automatic Transmission Gasket Kits齿条Gear Rack剎车真空管Brake Boost V acuum Tube车轮系统Wheeling System轮毂Wheel Hub轮胎Tire胎汽门嘴Tire V alve中文产品名称Chinese英文产品名称English轮圈Wheel Disk轮圈盖Wheel Cover内胎(含内衬) Inner Tire (Flap)车轮系统Wheeling System电装品Electrical Parts电瓶Battery中央门控Central Door Lock分电盘Distributor火星塞Spark Plug汽车用电子钟Digital Clock汽车音响Car Audio防盗器Car Burglar Alarm雨刷及雨刷连杆Wiper / Linkage保险丝座Fuse Seat保险丝Fuse洗涤壶Windshield Washer配线Wire Harness马达类Motor高压线组Ignition Cable喇叭Horn发电机(零件) Alternator (Components) 开关类Switch蜂鸣器Buzzer预热塞Glow Plug仪表Combination Meter灯泡Bulb灯类Lamp点火线圈Ignition Coil继电器Relay倒车雷达Reverse Sensor电池充电器Battery Charger闪光器Flasher省电器Energy Saving Unit端子Terminal电动座椅装置Power Seat Unit马达零件Motor Components电装品Electrical Parts汽车用光盘Car CD汽车用液晶显示器Car LCD调整器Regulator整流器Rectifier电子点火器Ignition Module倒车显示器Rear V iew Display定速器Cruise ControllerHID车灯安定器组合HID Ballast Complete Set for HeadlightsLED 灯LED Lamp车灯控制器Lighting Controller点火线圈模块Ignition Coil Module外装品Exterior Parts水箱饰罩Radiator Grille天线Antenna车身护条Side Protector防撞护垫Bumper Pad后视镜Door Mirror装饰贴纸、标志Ornament Mark轮弧Fender Trim挡泥板Mud Guard扰流板Spoiler前防撞杆Guard Assy (Front)防撞杆Grard Assy (Rear)外装品Exterior Parts内装品Interior Parts仪表板Instrument Panel中央置物箱Console孔塞Grommet Plug地毯Floor Mat安全带Seat Belt车门扶手Door Armrest车门把手Door Handle车门锁Door Lock车顶内衬Roof Lining车窗升降摇柄Window Lifter Handle车窗升降机Window Lifter防水衬条Weatherstrip油量表Fuel Gauge门饰板Door Trim室内镜Room Mirror音响喇叭盖Speaker Cover(电动)座椅(Electric) Seat顶蓬Headlining烟灰缸Ashtray各类隔音垫All Kinds of Silencer饰板/饰条Garnish / Trim仪表饰板Instrument Panel Garnish遮阳板Sunvisor压条Moulding点烟器Cigar Lighter备胎板Trim for Spare Tire天窗Sun Roof后置物板Rear Parcel Shelf后舱室饰板Rear Trunk Trim内装品Interior Parts仪表板支架Instrumental Panel Mounting其它Others随车工具Tools千斤顶Jack尼龙绳、特多龙绳Nylon Rope生产、检测及涂装设备Production,Test & ainting Equipment 各类孔盖Cap、Cover扣具Cargo Lash夹片、管束Clamp, Clip油土与基准模型Clay Model and Master Model油封Oil Seal门铰链Door Hinge故障标志Reflector玻璃类Glass修理业Repairing & Maintenance粉末冶金Powder Metallurgy轴承Bearing塑料件Plastic Parts隔热材Heat Insulator电子件Electrical Parts垫片类Seal、Gasket、Washer、Packing碳刷Carbon Brush管类Pipe, Hose, Tube铜套类Bushing弹簧SpringEnglish模、夹、治、检具Die, Fixture, Jig, CheckingGauge橡胶件Rubber Parts帮浦类Pump帽/螺栓/螺丝Nut/Bolt/Screw锻造件(加工) Forging Parts (Processing)滤清器类Filter锁Lock镜类Mirror铸造件(加工) Casting Parts (Processing)引擎盖铰链Hinge of Engine Hood行李箱铰链Hinge of Trunk Lid保险杆支撑Mount of BumperCAD/CAM车身设计CAD/CAM Car Body design 汽车清洁保养用品Cosmetics for utomobile涂料Paints合成木材Synthetic Wood电磁阀Solenoid V alve热水阀Heater V alve冷煤电磁阀Refrigerate Solenoid valve玻璃滑槽Glass Run双面胶带Acrylic Foam Tape触媒转换器缓冲绵Catalytic Converter Mate黑烟过滤器Diesel Particle Filter车用灭火器Extinguisher零组件用材料Components Materials汽车用行动电话Car Hand-free Mobile Phone汽车保全系统Car Security System汽车导航系统Car Navigation System人造革Artificial Leather铭板Nameplate汽车用计算机Car Computer无线电胎压侦测仪Wireless Tire Monitor汽车内装用牛皮Leather for Car Interior打蜡机Buffer (Car Polisher)金属表面处理(材料) Metal Surface Treatment (Material)插接件Connector Clip胎压不足警示器Tire Low Pressure Indicator温度感应器Water Temperature Sensor油压感应器Oil Pressure Sensor机油Engine Oil中文产品名称Chinese英文产品名称English自动变速箱油Automatic Transmission Oil油品添加剂Oil Additive热处理Heat Treatment自行车类Bicycle整车Finished Bicycle一般自行车Regular Bicycle三轮车Tricycle协力车Tandem Bicycle城市车A TB孩童车Junveniles Bicycle室内运动车(健身车) Exerciser单轮车Unicycle无链式自行车Chainless Bicycle登山车Mountain Bicycle越野车Trekking Bicycle跑车（自由车）Racing Bicycle电动自行车Electrical Bicycle折叠式自行车Folding Bicycle海滩车Beach Bicycle(电动)滑板车(Electric) Kick Board Scooter其它特种自行车Other Special-purpose Bicycles 避震脚踏车Suspension Bicycle传动件Transmission曲柄组Chainwheel & Crank飞轮Flywheel链条Chain变速杆Shift Lever变速器Derailleur电动自行车马达Electric Bicycle Motor电动自行车控制器Electric Bicycle Driver齿轮箱Gear Box车轮及剎车Wheel and Brake轮胎Tire夹式剎车器Caliper Brake快拆Quick Release花鼓Hub & Free HubEnglish液压式剎车器Hydraulic Brake脚剎车器Coaster Brake碟式剎车器Disk Brake轮圈Rim辐条/辐帽Spoke/Nipple悬臂式剎车器Cantilever Brake控制拉线Control Cable剎车来令片Brake Lining Shoe配件Accessories铃Bell反光片Reflector水壶架Bottle Cage打气筒Floor Pump商标贴纸Sticker货架Luggage Carrier速度表Speed Meter喇叭Horn电灯Dynamo / Lighting Set辅助轮Training Wheel挡泥板Mud Guard / Fender头盔Helmet锁Lock链盖Chain Cover篮Basket后视镜Rear Mirror车体Body车架Frame把手Handle Bar中轴组件（天心）Bottom Bracket Parts 车手带Handle Strap车头组件Headset前叉Front Fork前叉肩Fork Crown后叉端Rear Fork End座杆Seat Post座杆束Seat Post Clamp停车支架Kickstand接头Lug & Shell辅助把手Bar End竖管Stem螺帽/螺栓/螺丝Nut/Bolt/Screw避震前叉Suspension Fork避震器Shock Absorber三通管3-way Pipe五通管5-way Pipe车架材料Frame Materials其它Others座垫Saddles水壶架Bottle Cage夹器固定座Pivot定趾器Toe Clip闪光灯Flasher趾夹带Toe Strap把手套Grip塑料件Plastic Parts脚踏板Pedal碳刷Carbon Brush弹簧Spring轮圈盖Wheel Cover锻造件(加工) Forging Parts (Processing)导线Cable模、夹、治、检具Die,Fixture,Jig & CheckingGauge橡胶件Rubber Parts生产、检测及涂装设备Production,Test & Painting Equipment座垫套Saddle Cover涂料Paints充电器Charger温度记录器Temperature Recorder电池容量计Battery Capacity Indicator电动自行车电路设计Electric Bicycle CircuitDesign电动自行车电池组Electric Bicycle Battery Set机车类Motorcycle整车Finished Motorcycle50CC以下机车Less Than 50CC Motorcycle50~150CC机车50~150CC Motorcycle150CC以上机车More Than 150CC Motorcycle残障专用车Motorcycle for Handicap电动机车Electric Motorcycle其它电动辅助车辆Other Electric AuxiliaryV ehicles多功能休闲车A TV引擎零件Engine Parts汽缸Cylinder化油器Carburetor引擎Engine引擎零件Engine Parts引擎盖Engine Cover水箱Radiator火星塞Spark Plug凸轮Cam凸轮轴Camshaft凸轮轴链条Cam Chain凸轮链条张力器Cam Chain Tensioner曲轴Crankshaft曲轴箱Crankcase曲轴箱盖Crankcase Cover汽门V alve汽门座V alve Seat汽门导管V alve Guide汽缸头Cylinder Head汽缸头侧盖Cylinder Head Side Cover油帮浦Oil Pump后轮驱动座Rear Wheel Drive Seat活塞Piston活塞肖Piston Pin活塞环Piston Ring连杆Connecting Rod涡轮增压器Turbo-Supercharger脚踏起动机杆Kick Starter齿轮变速零件Gear Shift Parts机油冷却器Oil Cooler离合器Clutch离合器座Clutch Plate离合器杆Clutch Lever变速箱Transmission Box油管Fuel Pipe汽门锁V alve Cotter火星塞盖Plug Cover齿轮衬套Gear Bushing曲轴肖Crank Shaft Pin炼条调整器Tensioner节流阀Throttle V alve离合器来令片Clutch Lining齿轮轴Gear Axle马达轴Motor Axle传动轴Transmission Axle车体及电装Body and Electrical Parts灯类LampC.D.I.总成C.D.I. Unit Assembly工具Tool中心盖Center Cover反光片Reflector引擎罩盖Air Shroud / Cylinder方向把手Steering Handle主滑动模轮组件Primary Sheave Assembly主脚架Main Stand交流发电机(零件) A.C. Generator (Components) 行李箱Luggage Box冷却风扇Cooling Fan把手盖Handle Cover车架Frame车体盖Body Cover拉杆Handle Lever油杯Fuel Cup Assembly油箱Fuel Tank空气滤清器Air Cleaner剎车来令片Brake Shoe剎车鼓Brake Drum剎车盘Brake Disk剎车踏板Brake Pedal剎车总成Brake Assembly前叉Front Fork前叉顶梁Fork Top Bridge前护盖Front Fender后视镜Back Mirror后悬吊系统Rear Suspension风扇盖Air Shroud飞轮Flywheel座垫Seat侧脚架Side Stand侧盖Side Cover排气消音器Exhaust Muffler后架Carrier喇叭Horn无段自动变速系统 C.V.T.发电机Alternator传动轴总成Secondary Sheave Assembly 摇臂Rocker Arm煞车踏板Brake Pedal节流把手Throttle Grip脚踏板Board / Footrest脚踏杆Kick Crank Assembly电圈Starter电瓶Battery配线Wire Harness碳刷Carbon Brush仪表Meter调整器Regulator轮胎Tire轮圈Wheel Disk轮毂Wheel Hub导线Cable挡泥板Fender机车链轮Chain灯泡Bulb燃油滤清器Fuel Strainer Assembly避震器Shock Absorber点火线圈Ignition Coil转向主干Steering Stem Comp链条盖Chain Case继电器Relay触媒转化器Catalytic Converter排气管Exhaust Pipe吊架Hanger控制拉线Control Cable活性碳罐Canister油箱浮筒Tank Float机油浮筒Oil Float档位调整器Gear Position Indicator端子Terminal电动机车控制器Electric Motorcycle Driver把手座Grip Holder马达类Motor马达零件Motor Components避震器前后活塞杆Piston Rod of Front and RearShock Absorber其它Others油封Oil Seal舌簧阀Reed V alve钣金件Stamping Parts防盗器Burglar Alarm闪光器Flasher贴纸Sticker轴承Bearing开关类Switch塑料件Plastic Parts电子件Electrical Parts垫片Gasket管类Tube or Pipe弹簧Spring模、夹、治、检具Die, Fixture, Jig, Checking Gauge辐条/辐帽Spoke/Nipple齿轮Gear胶件Rubber Parts帮浦类Pump螺帽/螺栓/螺丝Nut/Bolt/Screw锻造件(加工) Forging Parts (Processing)滤清器Filter铸造件(加工) Casting Parts (Processing)锁Lock生产、检测及涂装设备Production,Test & Painting铭板Name Plate油土及基准模型Clay Model and Master Model地毯Carpet涂料Paints握把Grip置物袋Carriage Bag机车座垫用牛皮Leather for Motorcycle Seat铁路车辆类Railroad V ehicle铁路车辆制造及修理Railroad V ehicle Manufacture & Repair 铁路车辆零件Railroad V ehicle Parts。
化工装置中Tube管和Pipe管的连接方式简述
以是 １ ５ ０ Ｃ Ｌ ：３ ０ ０ Ｃ Ｌ ：Ｐ Ｎ ４ ０ ；１ ０ Ｋ 等 。密封 面 形 式 可 以是
有很 多 ，但 是 由于经 验有 限只能 介绍 这些 ，有 待 各位 同
仁补 充 。
参考文献
［ １ ］ 石 油化 工企业钢 管尺 寸 系列 （ Ｓ Ｈ ３ ４ ０ ５ — １ ９ ９ ６）［ ｓ 】 ．
ｌ １ ９法兰。 ｓ ｙ Ｉ ＾ Ｇ Ｅ — Ｒ Ｆ ． １ ． ６ ５ ｃ Ｕ ５ ０ ， Ａ ｓ １ ｌ 』 Ａ １ Ｂ ２ Ｆ ３ １ ６ ｌ
平 面 、 突面 等 。如 果与 Ｔ ｕ ｂ ｅ 管 连接 的Ｐ ｉ ｐ ｅ 管 部分 是法 兰 面 如 阀 门 、孔板 、过滤 器 等法 兰连 接 的部 件 ，就 可 以根
据法兰的压力等级、密封 面形式等选用此类连接件，有
经 验 的 卡套 生产 厂 家 ，能够 根 据用 户对 法 兰面 的要求 制 造 相 应 的 卡套 一 法 兰 件 。如 图９ 为 某 项 目中应 用 的卡 套一 法 兰接 头 的示 例 ，Ｓ Ｘ Ｈ 一 ４ ０ ６ ９ Ｆ 为１ ／ ２ ”的Ｐ ｉ ｐ ｅ 管规 格 的吹 扫 用 软管 ，两 端 为法 兰连 接 ，一端 连接 吹 扫介 质 的Ｐ ｉ ｐ ｅ
最 后 ， 卡套 一 对焊管件接头 （ 如图ｌ ０ 和 图ｌ １ ） ，一 端 是 连 接Ｔ ｕ ｂ ｅ 管 的 卡套 接 头 或 者 能与 卡套 连 接 的Ｔ ｕ ｂ ｅ 管 ，另 一端 是 能与Ｐ ｉ ｐ ｅ 管对 焊 的Ｐ ｉ ｐ ｅ 管端 面 ， 当 由于工 艺物料 的要 求或 者 工艺 条件 的要求 ，不 能采用 螺 纹和 法 兰 连接 时就 可 以采用 这 种接 头 ，将 Ｐ ｉ ｐ ｅ 管 与接 头 对焊 实
关于钢管的英语词汇
关于钢管的英语词汇N&O&P：Machine Steel 机件钢; 机器钢Machinery Steel 机器钢Magnaflux Steel 航空用高强度钢Magnet Steel 磁钢Magnetic Steel 磁钢; 磁性钢Magnetic Steel Detector 钢筋磁性检测仪Magnetically Soft Steel 软磁钢Main Reinforcing Steel 主钢筋Major-Orthotropic Steel-Plate Bridge 主正交各向异性钢板桥Malleable Mild Steel 韧性低碳钢; 韧性软钢Malleable Steel 展性钢; 软钢; 韧性钢Man-Ten Steel 低合金高强度钢Manganese Silicon Spring Steel 锰硅弹簧钢Manganese Silicon Steel 锰硅钢Manganese Silicon Tool Steel 锰硅工具钢Manganese Spring Steel 锰弹簧钢Manganese Steel 锰钢; 哈德菲尔德锰钢Manganese Tool Steel 锰工具钢Manganese Vanadium Steel 锰钒钢Manganese Vanadium Tool Steel 锰矾工具钢; 锰钒工具钢Manufacture Of Iron And Steel By Melting 钢铁熔炼Maraging Steel 马氏体时效钢Marconi Steel Tape Recorder 马可尼磁带录音机Martensite Steel 马登斯体钢; 马氏体钢Martensitic Stain Less Steel 马氏体不锈钢Martensitic Steel 马氏体钢Martensitic Steel 马氏永磁体Martin Steel 平炉钢; 马丁钢Martinel Steel 马蒂内尔结构钢; 硅锰钢; 硅锰结构钢Mattress Netting Steel Wire 钢丝床用钢丝Measuring Case Depth For Steel 钢表层硬化深度测定法; 钢的表层硬化深度测定法Mechanically Capped Steel 机械封顶钢Medium Alloy Steel 中合金钢Medium Carbon Steel 中碳钢Medium Hard Steel 中等硬度钢; 中硬钢; 在硬钢Medium Manganese Steel 中锰钢Medium Steel (MS) 中碳钢Medium Temper Steel 中等回火钢Medium Width Steel Strip 中等宽度带钢Medium-Hard Steel 中硬钢Merchant Steel 商品钢; 商品条钢; 条钢Mercury-In-Steel Thermometer 钢管水银温度计; 钢壳水银温度计Mild Carbon Steel 低碳钢Mild Carbon Steel Strip 低碳带钢Mild Sheet Steel 软钢板Mild Steel 软钢; 低碳钢Mild Steel Arc Welding Electrode 低碳钢焊条Mild Steel Channel 槽钢Mild Steel Checkered Plate 花纹钢板Mild Steel Equal Angle 等边角钢Mild Steel Expanded Sheets 钢板网Mild Steel Fire Box 软钢板火箱Mild Steel Hexagonal Bolts 六角螺丝梗Mild Steel Hexagonal Bolts And Nuts 六角螺丝闩Mild Steel I-Beam 低碳工字钢Mild Steel Ingot 低碳钢锭Mild Steel Plate 软钢板Mild Steel Reinforcement (含钢量0.12--0.25%) 软钢钢筋Mild Steel Shank 软钢手柄Mild Steel Sheet 软钢皮Mild Steel Welding Rod 低碳钢焊丝Mild Steel Wire 低碳钢丝Mild-Carbon Steel Strip 低碳带钢; 低碳钢带Mild-Steel Domestic Boiler 软钢家用锅炉Mild-Steel Sheet 低碳钢薄板Mini Steel Plant 小型钢铁厂Mishima Magnet Steel 铝镍强磁钢Mold Steel 型模钢Molten Steel 钢水; 钢液Molybdenum High Speed Steel 钼高速钢Molybdenum Steel 钼钢Molybdenum-Chrome Steel 钼铬钢Molybdenum-Vanadium Steel 钼钒钢Monoblock Drill Steel 整体钎子Moulded Steel 模铸钢Mushet('S) Steel 马歇特钨钢Natural Steel 天然钢; 初生硬度钢Needle Steel 针状组织钢Needle(D) Steel 加硼硬化亚共析钢Neutral Steel 中性钢Nichrome Steel 镍铬耐热钢Nickel Alloy Steel 镍合金钢Nickel Cast Steel 含镍铸钢Nickel Chromium Manganese Steel 镍铬锰钢Nickel Steel 镍钢Nickel Steel Gas Welding Rod 镍钢气焊条Nickel Steel Wire 镍钢线Nickel-Chrome Alloy Steel 镍铬合金钢Nickel-Chrome Steel 镍铬钢Nickel-Chromium Steel 镍铬钢Nickel-Clad Steel Plate 包镍钢板; 镀镍钢板Nickel-Manganese Cast Steel 镍-锰铸钢; 镍锰铸钢Nickel-Molybdenum Steel 镍钼钢Nickel-Plated Mild Steel Round Head Machine Screw 镀镍低碳钢圆头机器螺丝Nickel-Plated Mild Steel Round Head Wood Screw 镀镍低碳钢圆头木螺丝Nickel-Plated Steel Self Tapping Screw 镀镍钢制自攻螺丝Nickel-Plated Steel Wire 镀镍钢丝Nickel-Vanadium Steel 镍-钒钢; 镍钒钢Nickeled Steel Plate 镀镍钢板Nitrated Steel 氮化钢Nitrided Steel 渗氮钢Nitriding Steel 氮化钢; 氮化钢Non-Aging Steel 无时效钢Non-Corrosive Steel 不锈钢Non-Deforming Steel 不变形钢Non-Expansion Steel 不膨胀钢Non-Magnetic Steel 非磁性钢Non-Oriented Electrical Steel 无取向电工钢Non-Oriented Silicon Steel 无方向性硅钢片Non-Oriented Silicon Steel Sheet 不定向硅钢板Non-Piping Steel 无缩孔钢Non-Rust Steel 不锈钢Non-Scaling Steel 不起皮钢Non-Shrinkage Steel 无变形钢Non-Shrinking Steel 抗变形钢Non-Sulfurized Carbon Steel 非硫化处理的碳钢Non-Weldable Steel 不可焊接的钢Nondeforming Tool Steel 不变形工具钢Nonmagnetic Steel 无磁性钢Normal Steel 正常钢; 正常结构钢Normal Steel Casting 普通铸钢Normalized And Tempered Steel 正火及回火钢Normalized Steel 正火钢Not Heat-Treated Steel Wire 非热处理的钢丝Notch Ductile Steel 耐冲击钢Oce Steel 无渗碳体钢Octagon Steel Bar 八角钢条Octagonal Bar Steel 八角型钢Octagonal Steel 八角钢Oil-Hardened Steel 油淬硬化钢Oil-Hardening Steel 油淬钢Oil-Operated Steel Support 液压金属支架Oil-Quenching Steel 油淬火钢Open Forging Steel 商用锻钢坯Open Steel 沸腾钢Open Steel Flooring 漏空钢板楼面; 露钢梁楼板Open-Hearth Steel 平炉钢; 马丁钢Open-Heated Steel 过热钢Ordinary Steel 普通碳钢Oriented Steel 各向异性钢片Over-Reduced Steel 过还原钢Overblown Steel 过吹钢Oxidation Resistant Steel 抗氧化钢; 不锈钢Oxygen Blown Steel 吹氧钢Oxygen Converter Steel 顶吹氧转炉钢Oxygen Furnace Steel 吹氧炼钢Oxygen Jet Steel 吹氧炼钢法Oxygen Steel 吹氧钢Oxygen-Steel Process 氧化炼钢法; 氧气炼钢法Patented Steel Wire 铅淬火钢丝Pearlitic Heat Resistant Steel Electrode 珠光体耐热钢焊条Pearlitic Steel 珠光体钢Period Section Steel 周期断面钢材Perished Steel 脆弱钢; 过渗碳钢Permanent Magnet Steel 永磁钢Permanent-Magnet Steel 永久磁钢PH Stainless Steel 沉淀硬化不锈钢; 沉淀硬化型不锈钢Phosphoretic Steel 磷钢Pickled Sheet Steel 酸洗薄钢板Pig Iron For Steel Making 炼钢生铁Pinion Steel 齿轮钢Pipe Steel 管钢Plain Basic Steel 普通碱性钢Plain Carbon Steel 普通碳钢Plain Carbon Tool Steel 碳素工具钢Plain End Steel Pipe 平端钢管Plain Galvanized Steel Sheet 镀锌铁皮Plain Steel 普通钢; 碳素钢Plain Steel Rim 简单钢轮缘Plain Steel-Bar 光面钢筋Plastic Coating Technology For Steel Tube 钢管涂塑工艺Plastic Covered Steel Cord 包塑钢线Plastic Flow Of Steel 钢的塑流Plastic-Lined Steel Pipe 塑料衬里钢管Plastic-Steel Combination 塑料钢组合Plastic-Steel Laminate 塑料钢层板Plate Steel厚钢板Plate-Steel Case 钢板机壳Plate-Steel Liner 钢板衬垫; 钢板衬砌Plating On Steel 钢材涂层Platinum Steel 白金钢Play Up Steel Production 突出钢铁生产Plough Steel Wire Rope 特号钢丝绳Plow Steel 犁钢Plow Steel Wire 铅淬火高强度钢丝Plow Steel Wire Rope 铅淬火高强度钢丝绳Plugged Steel 封顶钢; 加盖钢Ply Steel 复合钢Pneumatic Steel 气法炼钢; 喷气炼钢Polyethylene Coated Steel Pipe 聚乙烯涂层钢管; 聚乙烯涂层钢管Porous Stainless Steel 多孔不锈钢Porous Steel Parts 多孔钢质零件Pot Steel 坩埚钢Pour Steel 浇注钢水Powdered Alloy Steel 合金钢粉Power Cable With Flat Steel Wire Armouring 扁钢丝铠装电力电缆Forged Steel 锻钢Precision Seamless Steel Tubes 精密无缝钢管Pressed-Steel 压制钢Pressed-Steel Boot 模压钢开沟器Pressed-Steel Hook Chain 模压钢钩头链Pressed-Steel Plate 压制钢板Pressure-Casting Die Steel 压铸模具合金钢Prestressed Concrete Steel Wire Strand 预应力混凝土结构用钢绞线Primary Steel 通用钢Pseudo-Steel 假钢Puddle Steel 搅炼钢Punched Steel Plate 穿孔钢板总结了一些钢材管件的中英文对照，希望对钢材管件外贸的朋友有些帮助。
pipe的用法总结大全
pipe的用法总结大全pipe有管子,烟斗,管乐器的意思。
那你们想知道pipe的用法吗?今天给大家带来pipe的用法,希望能够帮助到大家，一起来学习吧。
pipe的用法总结大全pipe的意思n. 管子,烟斗,管乐器,(管风琴的)音管vt. 以管输送,用管乐器演奏,尖声唱vi. 吹奏管乐器,尖叫,尖声地说(或唱)，尖声啼鸣,[航海] 吹长哨变形：过去式: piped; 现在分词：piping; 过去分词：piped;pipe用法pipe可以用作名词pipe的基本意思是“管子,管道”,引申可表示“烟斗,一烟斗的烟丝”“管乐器,音管”“水手长吹的哨子(声)”“鸟鸣,鸟鸣声”“大酒桶,一大酒桶的量”等,是可数名词。
pipe作“风笛”解时,常用复数形式。
pipe用作动词意思是“用管子输送,为…装管子”。
引申可作“用笛子吹奏; 鸣啭,唱”“传送”“吹哨子下令(表示欢迎)”“绲边,镶花边”等解。
pipe用作名词的用法例句Water is spouting out of the pipe.水正从管子里喷出来。
The workers are laying pipes under the road.工人们正在道路下面铺设管道。
The plumber went down to the cellar to fix the leaky pipe.管道工到地下室去修漏水的管子。
pipe可以用作动词pipe用作动词意思是“用管子输送,为…装管子”。
引申可作“用笛子吹奏; 鸣啭,唱”“传送”“吹哨子下令(表示欢迎)”“绲边,镶花边”等解。
pipe可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。
用作及物动词时接名词或代词作宾语。
pipe后接副词down表示“住嘴,停止往下谈”; 后接副词up 表示“开始吹奏”“开始说”。
pipe用作动词的用法例句The people in the village used to pipe water .这个村子里的人过去常以管道输送水。