英语国家概况-新西兰篇中英翻译

第六部分新西兰 Part Six New Zealand

Chapter33.New Zealand(capital: Wellington)惠灵顿

1)新西兰的地理位置New Zealand’s geography:

新西兰地处南太平洋，位于赤道和南极之间

New Zealand is in the Southern Pacific Ocean,halfway between the equator and the South Pole.

新西兰的面积与英国和日本相近。它有2个主要的岛，北岛和南岛

The size of the country is similar to Britain or Japan.It has two main islands:North Island and South Island

新西兰位于国际日期变更线以西，所以它是世界上第一个迎接新一天到来的国家。New Zealand is just west of the Internationnal Date Line,so it is the first country to get the new day.

最高的山峰是库克山，海拔3764米。陶波湖是新西兰最大的湖。

The highest peak is Mt Cook,3764M. Lake Taupo is the largest lake in New Zealand

南岛最大的河流是克鲁沙河，北岛最大的河流有2个，是怀卡托河和黄加雷河。

The largest rivers in South Island is the Clutha,and in the North Island is the Waikato and the wanganui.

地震和火山是新西兰最严重的自然灾害。

Earthquakes and volcanoes are the most serious potential natural disasters.

2)气候特征Characteristics of New Zealand’s climate;

①气候温和generally temperates.

②多样，最北端是亚热带气候，南岛一些山区则是亚寒带气候

varied climate: In the far north it is subtropical and in some mountainous areas of South Island it is subarctic

③.常年下雨Rain falls all year round

新西兰阳光最充足的城镇是纳尔逊，西海岸的降雨量最大。

The sunniest town in New Zealand, Nelson，The highest rainfall is on the west coast

Ⅲ.植物和动物 Plants and Animals

新西兰的许多土生有花植物都是独一无二的。世界上最古老的一些植物种类在这里可以找到

Many of New Zealand's native flowering plants are unique. Some of the world's oldest plant forms can be found here

新西兰的本国树木却是四季常青，所以整个新西兰全年常绿

New Zealand native trees are evergreens, so the country remains green all year round.

红色的波赫塔克瓦被称为新西兰的圣诞树

The red pohutukawa called New Zealand Christmas tree

几维鸟被当作是国家的象征，新西兰人也这样称呼自己

The kiwi is a national symbol and New Zealanders refer to themselves as Kiwis. Ⅳ.历史背景 Historical Background

1、第一个到达新西兰的欧洲人是荷兰的阿贝尔.塔斯曼，1642年。

The frist European to visit New Zealand in 1642 was a Dutchman, Abel Tasman.

2、最早到达新西兰的英国人是英国皇家海军的詹姆士.库克船长，1769年。

The frist Englishman to visit New Zealand in 1769 was Captain James COok of the British Royal Navy.

英国政府对这个国家感兴趣有多种原因: The British government was interested in the country for various reasons:

与新西兰贸易往来对于经济极为重要;新西兰没有法律，也没有任何人实施法律;在与移民交往中，没有人保护毛利人的权利

trade with New Zealand was economically important; there were no laws or anyone to enforce them; there was no one to protect Maori rights in dealings with the settlers;

3、1840年第一位总督威廉.赫伯森，代表维多利亚女王和毛利酋长签订了《威坦哲条约》，现代新西兰成立了。

In 1840 Hobson ,representing Queen Victoria, and some Maori chiefs, signed the Treaty of Waitangi.Modern New Zealand was founded.

条约的三条内容

The Treaty of Waitangi 1840 has three articles

1)毛利人把立法权交给英国女王

the Maori people gave the Queen of england the right to make laws for the country

2) 毛利人拥有自己的土地，森林，渔场，如果毛利人想出售他们的财产，只能卖给英国政府。 promised the Maori own their lands,forests,and other treasured possessions,if Maori wanted to sell land ,only the Crown had the right to buy。

3) 保证毛利人享有和英国臣民一样的权利Maoris were granted all the rights and privileges of British subjects.

4、1852年，新西兰被准许内部自治。

In 1852 New Zealand was granted internal self-government.

5、1865年，移民者建立惠灵顿成为首都Wellington founded by the first settlers became the capital in 1865.

6.19世纪60年代欧洲人和毛利人发生土地纠纷，爆发战争Land war between the Europeans and the Maoris broke out in the 1860s.

7、在南岛、奥塔戈发现了黄金，1870年，淘金热结束Gold was discovered in Otago and Westland, but the gold boom ended in 1870

1893年，新西兰成为第一个妇女有选举权的国家。

In 1893 New Zealand became the first country to give women the vote

2月6日是条约签定的纪念日，这一天也就是新西兰的国庆日，是全国性的节日。

The anniversary of the signing, February 6, is celebrated as New Zealand National Day, Waitangi Day, and is a national holiday.

20世纪30年代早期的经济萧条对新西兰打击很大。

The economic depression of the early 1930s was severely felt in New Zealand.

第二次世界大战后，人们充分就业，生产和服务行业迅速发展。

After the war there was full employment and manufacturing and service industries expanded.

1972年通过的《事故赔偿法》是世界上独一无二的，它对任何时候的事故伤害都提供保险。

The Accident Compensation Act of 1972, unique in the world,

Ⅵ.毛利人的文化 Maoritanga

毛利人的文化是新西兰生活中发展和变化的一部分。毛利人对世界、自然、教育、精神及死亡的看法，越来越变为新西兰的生活方式。

Maoritanga is a growing and changing part of life in Aotearoa (New Zealand). Maori views of the world, of nature, of education, of spirituality and of death, are becoming more and more part of the New Zealand way of life.

毛利人相信，他们的祖先及世界上所有的生物都是神灵创造的。

Maoris believe their ancestors, and all living things in the world, were descended from the gods,

马拉埃--聚会大厅及其周围土地--是毛利人村社生活的中心。

The marae-the meeting house and the land around it-is the focus of Maori community life.

政府于1871年制定了一条禁止毛利族儿童在学校里讲毛利语的法令，因此毛利语就衰落了

In 1871 the government made a law to stop Maori children speaking their language at school and the Maori language declined,

第一所双语学校于1974年成立，这些主要是由于毛利族妇女的努力，她们是为了让孩子学习毛利语和风俗习惯。

In 1974 the first bilingual school was established. mostly through the efforts of Maori women, for children to learn Maori language and customs.

毛利语现在是新西兰的两种官方语言之一。

Maori is now one of the two official languages of Aotearoa.

第三十四章今日新西兰 Chapter 34 New Zealand Today

尽管新西兰依赖农业，但大多数人还是居住在城镇和城市里。

In spite of New Zealand's dependence on agriculture, most people live in towns and cities.

几乎3/4的人住在北岛，50%的新西兰人住在汉密尔顿以北。造成这种人口分布不均的主要原因是由于北部的温和气候，北岛工业的发展及北部适合于特殊耕作的土地。Nearly three fourths of the people live in North Island, with over 50% of New Zealanders living north of Hamilton. Reasons for this uneven distribution are the milder climate in the north, the expansion of North Island industries and the availability of land suitable for specialized farming.

Ⅰ.政治体系 The Political System

新西兰没有任何单独的成文宪法。宪法往往被包含于大量的议会法规，法院判决及政府常规之中。

There is no single written constitution. It is contained in a large number of parliamentary statutes (laws) , judiciary (court) rulings, and administrative practices.

新西兰是个独立主权国，有议会政府和君主立宪制。

New Zealand is a sovereign independent state, with a parliamentary government and a constitutional monarchy.

新西兰沿袭了英国的议会制，但没有和英国上议院一样的院。

New Zealand follows the British Parliamentary system，but there is no equivalent to the British House of Lords.

几乎每一位常住居民都可以投票, 新西兰是第一批采用秘密投票方式的国家之一，Almost every permanent resident can vote. . New Zealand was among the first countries to adopt the secret ballot.

在众议院中拥有多数议员的政党领导人成为首相。她或他和另外挑选出的20名成员组成内阁。

The leader of the party with a majority of members in the House of Representatives becomes Prime Minister. He or she and about 20 other chosen members, form the Cabinet.

法庭处理民事和刑事案件。分地区法庭、家庭法庭青少年法庭等

The courts handle both civil and criminal eases. It divided into district courts, Family Court, and Young Persons Court.

司法系统(法院)独立于政府。

The judiciary (court system) is independent of the government.

除了国民(中央)政府之外，还有地方政府。地方政府负责解决当地的需要

In addition to the national government there are local authorities. Local authorities attend to local needs,

新西兰人的特点Characteristics of New Zealand People

1\欧洲文化与波利尼西亚文化的结合产生了一种颇具特色的民族个性，这种个性很难给它下定义。

The combination of European and Polynesian cultures has produced a characteristic national identity which is hard to define

2\他们也为自己的独立个性和自立精神而感到自豪。新西兰人都重视实事求是的态度。

they are very proud of being independent and self-reliant. They value a practical approach

3\人们普遍崇信社会平等，工作的权利被大家所接受，因此按国际标准，失业率一直很低。

There is widespread belief in social equality. The right to work is accepted by everyone, and the level of unemployment has been low by international standards.

4\基督教是传播最广的宗教信仰。

Christianity is the most widespread religion.

新西兰是世界上第一批为青年人设立全国性的免费牙科服务的国家之一。

New Zealand was one of the first countries in the world to establish a free national dental service for young people.

英语国家概况-澳大利亚篇中英翻译

第三十章澳大利亚经济 Chapter 30 The Economy Ⅰ.工业 Manufacturing Industry 澳大利亚的制造业以制砖开始。86%的制造业为小企业。 Manufacturing in Australia began with the making of bricks. It is estimated that 86% of all manufacturing firms are small businesses. 在世界的总格局中，澳大利亚的制造业是独特的。它的特点包括下面几点: In a world context Australian manufacturing is unique. Its features include the following: 1)效率低Inefficiency 澳大利亚的市场有限，它在地理上与外界的隔绝以及很高的关税壁垒是影响澳大利亚工业效率的几个因素。 Australia's limited local market, its geographical isolation and high levels of tariff protection are the factors that affect the efficiency of Australian manufacturing. 效率最低并且最受保护的工业是汽车、纺织、服装和制鞋工业。 The industries that are most inefficient and most highly protected are automobile, textiles, clothing and footwear industries. 2)高度集中Concentration 在过去20年里，大的联合企业在澳大利亚经济中一直起中心作用。 Over the last 20 years large conglomerates have been given a central role in the Australian economy. 整个钢铁工业由一个公司控制，这就是布洛肯·希尔专卖有限公司。 The entire steel industry is in the hands of one company, the Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited (BHP). 3)外国投资Foreign investment 澳大利亚的制造业在很大程度上依靠外国投资。外资公司比他们的澳大利亚同行获利多。 Australian manufacturing relies heavily on foreign investment. Companies that are foreign-owned tend to be more profitable than their Australian counterparts. Ⅱ.农业 Agriculture 200年前，澳大利亚是一个没有农业的大陆。今天，农业却是这个国家的最大的和最多样化的行业。澳大利亚是世界上粮食和天然纤维的主要生产国之一。 200 years ago Australia was a land without agriculture. Today, agriculture is the nation's largest and most diverse industry. Australia is one of the world's leading

英语汉译英翻译

Unit 1 1.餐饮行业与电影行业的共同之处在于其小型企业的失败率很高。 The restaurant industry has one thing in common with the film industry: the high failure rate among its small business. 2.他的伟大在于他具有非凡的能力，集科学家和实业家的品质于一身。 His greatness lies in his outstanding ability to connect the qualities of a scientist with those of an industrialist. 3.像工作单位取代居住地一样，我们的种族身份已被职业身份所取代。这一现象在流动作业的行业中表现得尤为明显。 We have replaced ethnic identity with professional identity, the way we replaced neighborhoods with workplace, which is quite obvious among the mobile professions. 4.显然，任何一家大公司的老板都不可能事事亲力亲为，需要找一些方法把他们的理念传达给他人。 Plainly, in any large enterprise the boss cannot be directly involved in everything, and some means have to be found to transfer his belief to others. 5.没有任何人愿意再过那种自己无法控制、要别人认可、任人摆布的日子了。No one was willing to experience the feeling of being out of control and dependent on someone else’s approval, at someone else’s mercy. 6.人们渴望一种成就感，渴望有能力凭自己的手、自己的脑、自己的意志办成事情。 The human being longs for a sense of accomplishment, and being able to do things, with his hand, with his mind and with his will. 7.政府希望通过大量出售资产来弥补损失。 The government hopes that the sale of a chunk of its assets will help make up for its lose. 8.现代社会里人们的身份更多地由他们所从事的职业，而不是他们所生活的社区来界定。

英语国家概况论文-政治体制英文

Comparison of the Politics in Britain and United States Abstract: The system that British established in 19 century has a profound effect not only on its own country’s society developments of politics and history but also on other counties’ modern institution, politics and history. British is the mother of world capitalist constitutionalism. As a powerful capitalistic country, US’system is also based on the British’s system and set a prefect system after some reforms. Even so, the systems of the two countries still have many differences. Both of the two countries have powerful political systems in the world. Keywords: constitution, party systems, electoral system 1. Introduction: (political institution is superstructure, generally refers to the state power organs and the basic system which adapted with the social nature. "Political system, as same as the various systems of the human society, is the product of history development, branding with time and space.”) After the English bourgeois revolution, democratic politics was gradually established. The constitution was promulgated and constitutionalism was gradually be taken. Capitalism got a considerable development in Britain. Britain built the first set of the capitalist system, which is known as the source and model of Western political system. British and US political systems have the same theoretical basis: the principle of "separation of powers” and the theory of “human rights”; the concrete content includes the parliamentary system, the electoral system, the judicial system, and the political party system, etc; these are all considered to be the elements of "people's democracy", Regimes implemented the principles of separation of powers and check and balance and the "rule of law". And most fundamentally,as two typical representatives of capitalist countries’ political systems, Britain and USA have the same nature in the maintenance of bourgeois interests and the private capitalist system, the implementation of other aspects of bourgeois dictatorship. But in the specific political system level, they present different characteristics, the paper only compare British and American political system from three aspects of the Constitution, the party system, the electoral system. 2. Comparison of constitutions Britain is typical of countries with unwritten constitution, there is no unified, complete written form, and its constitutional system is extremely complex which is constituted by a variety of written and unwritten customary law, jurisprudence and constitutional practices constituted. British constitution can not be listed by one or several pieces of documents, nor strict distinct by the time, it lacks rigorous and explicit content, consistent and complete system。 The United States Constitution is the first written constitution in the world. In the course of its development, the United States Constitution formed the four main principles: the separation of powers and checks and balances, federalism, limited the powers of the government and judicial review. The US Constitution carried thorough the separation of powers which provide the separation of the legislative, judicial and administrative. Congress, the Federal Court and the President perform their respective duties, and the division of labor between federal, state and local governments is also very clear. Federal Court is an important weight in the separation of powers and checks and balances in the United States, in addition to the administrative function and legislative function, the most important function is the supervisory function and judicial function. Judges enjoy constitutional status and was appointed guardian to uphold the Constitution; the

隋铭才《英语国家概况》(章节题库第3章新西兰)【圣才出品】

第3章新西兰 I.Multiple Choices. 1.The first European to visit New Zealand was______. A.Kupe B.Abel Tasman C.William Hobson D.James Cook 【答案】B 【解析】第一批已知的抵达新西兰的欧洲人是由荷兰航海家人亚伯·塔斯曼（Abel Tasman）带领的船队，在1642年航抵南北岛的西岸，但在企图登陆时遭到毛利人的攻击而迅速离去，但他以荷兰一个地区的名字命名这块土地为（New Zealand），他绘制了部分西海岸地区的地图，但并未在此登陆。 2.New Zealanders have adopted their names from the kiwi,______. A.which is a native flightless bird B.which was the only mammal in New Zealand C.which was introduced to New Zealand about1000years ago D.which is an introduced flightless bird 【答案】A 【解析】Kiwi是一种体型较大而无飞行能力的鸟类，在英语口语中用来指新西兰人。

3.Who was the first European navigator who arrived in New Zealand in1642? A.Abel Tasman B.James Cook C.a sealer D.a Christian missionary 【答案】A 【解析】荷兰人阿贝尔·塔斯曼成为第一个来到新西兰的欧洲航海家。 4.New Zealanders celebrate their national day on______. A.Jan1st B.Feb6th C.June1st D.June23rd 【答案】B 【解析】1840年2月6日，英国皇室代表Hobson与新西兰毛利人酋长签订the Treaty of Waitangi（《怀唐伊条约》），建立新西兰，新西兰人将签订条约的这一天（2月6日）定为国庆日以示纪念。 5.What is the other official language besides English in New Zealand? A.Maori. B.Indonesian. C.French.

中国小吃官方翻译(中英文对照)

中国小吃官方翻译（中英文对照） A list of Chinese dainty snacks 中式早餐/午餐/晚餐 Chinese -Breakfast/lunch/supper 米饭类 Rice 1、竹筒饭 Bamboo rice 2、鸡粥 Chicken gruel 3、粽子 Chinese rice-pudding/Glutinous rice dumpling/ z ongzi 4、稀饭 Congee / millet gruel/ Rice porridge 5、蒸饭 Boiled rice/ Steamed rice 6、汤团 Boiled rice dumpling 7、卤肉饭 Braised pork rice/ Rice with red-cooked pork 8、炒米饭 Fried rice 9、蛋炒饭 Fried rice with egg 10、及第粥 Giblets Congee

11、糯米饭 Glutinous rice 12、油饭 Glutinous oil rice 13、腊八粥 Laba porridge (rice porridge with nuts and d ried fruit eaten on the eighth day of the twelfth luna r month) 14、白饭 Plain cooked rice /Plain white rice 15、紫米八宝饭 Purple rice with eight-treasures rice pu dding 16、饭团 Rice and vegetable roll/ Rice ball 17、红苕稀饭 Rice porridge with sweet potato 18、田鸡片粥 Sliced Frog Congee 19、地瓜粥 Sweet potato congee 20、稀粥 Thin gruel 21、稀饭 Congee / Millet gruel/ Rice porridge 22、蒸饭 Boiled rice/ Steamed rice 23、汤团 Boiled rice dumpling 24、卤肉饭 Braised pork rice/ Rice with red-cooked pork 25、蛋炒饭 Fried rice with egg 26、糯米饭 Glutinous rice

英语国家概况考试名词解释整理中文翻译

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