2014年职称英语理工类B级真题及答案
第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1. The majority of people around here are decent.A. realB. honestC. normalD. wealthy2. The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid.A. hiddenB. traditionalC. inflexibleD. official3. The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.A. furnishB. copyC. publishD. summarize4. Afterwards there was just a feeling of let down.A. excitementB. disappointmentC. angerD. calm5. Several windows had been smashed.A. cleanedB. replacedC. fixedD.broken6. The worst agonies of the war were now beginning.A. painsB. partsC. aspectsD. results7. London quickly became a flourishing port.A. majorB. largeC. successfulD. commercial8. She felt that she had done her good deed for the day.A. homeworkB. justiceC. modelD. act9. He led a very moral life.A. humanB. intelligentC. naturalD. honorable10. His stomach felt hollow with fear.A. sincereB. respectfulC. emptyD. terrible11. It was a magic night until the spell was broken.A. timeB. charmC. spaceD. opportunity12. His professional career spanned 16 years.A. startedB. changedC. movedD. lasted13. They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system.A. discoverB. proveC. considerD. imagine14. His knowledge of French is fair.A. very usefulB. very limitedC. quite goodD. rather special15. The group does not advocate the use of violence.A. limitB. regulateC. opposeD.support答案：BCABD ACDDC BDACD第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）So Many “Earths”The Milky Way contains billions of Earth-sized planets that could support life that's the finding of a new study. It draws on date that came from NASA's top planet-hunting telescope.A mechanical failure recently put that Kepler space telescope out of service. Kepler had played a big role in creating a census of planets orbiting some 170,000 stars. Its data have been helping astronomers predict how common planets are in our galaxy. The telescope focused on hunting planets that might have conditions similar to those on Earth.The authors of a study published in The Proceedings of the National Academy of sciences, conclude that between 14 and 30 out of every 100 stars, with a mass and temperature similar to the Sun, may host a planet that could support life as we know it.Such a planet would have a diameter at least as large as Earth's, but no more than twice that big. The planet also would have to orbit in a star's habitable zone. That's where the surface temperature would allow any water to exist as a liquid.The new estimate of how many planets might fit these conditions comes from studying more than 42,000 stars and identifying suitable worlds orbiting them. The scientists usedthose numbers to extrapolate to the rest of the stars that the telescope could not see .The estimate is rough, the authors admit. If applied to the solar system, it would define as habitable a zone starting as close to the Sun as Venus and running to as far away as Mars. Neither planet is Earthlike (although either might have been in the distant past). Using tighter limits, the researchers estimate that between 4 and 8 out of every 100 Sunlike stars could host an Earth-sized world. These are ones that would take 200 to 400 days to complete a yearly orbit.Four out of every 100 sunlike stars doesn't sound like a big number. It would mean, however, that the Milky Way could host more than a billion Earth-sized planets with a change for life.16. The Kepler space telescope has been in service for 15 years.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned17. The main task of the Kepler space telescope is to find out planets with similar conditions to Earth's.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned18. The planet that could support life might be a little bit smaller than Earth.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned19. The Earth is planet orbiting in the Sun's habitable zone.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned20. The new finding is based on a thorough study of 170,000 stars in the Milky Way.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned21. The estimate of the number of planets that could support life is not very accurate.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned22. This is the first research finding about the planets with a chance for life.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案：CABABAC第3部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23 ~ 26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；（2）第27 ~ 30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。
Climate Change: The Long Reach1 Earth is warming. Sea levels are rising. There's more carbon in the air, and Arctic ice is melting faster than at any time in recorded history. Scientists who study the environment to better gauge (评估) Earth's future climate now argue that these changes may not reverse for a very long time.2 People burn fossil fuels like coal and oil for energy. That burning releases carbon dioxide,a colorless gas. In the air, this gas traps heat at Earth’s surface. And the more carbon dioxide released, the more the planet warms. If current consumption of fossil fuels doesn’t slow, the long-term climate impacts could last thousands of years — and be more severe than scientists had been expecting. Climatologist Richard Zeebe of the University of Hawaii at Manoa offers this conclusion in a new paper.3 Most climate-change studies look at what's going to happen in the next century or so. During that time, changes in the planet's environment could nudge (推动) global warming even higher. For example: Snow and ice reflect sunlight back into space. But as these melt, sunlight can now reach — and warm — the exposed ground. This extra heat raises the air temperature even more, causing even more snow to melt. This type of rapid exaggeration of impacts is called a ―fast feedback.‖.4 Zeebe says it's important to look at fast feedbacks. However, he adds, they're limited. From a climate change perspective. "This century is the most important time for the next few generations,‖ he told Science News. ―But the world is not ending in 2100.‖ For his new study, Zeebe now focuses on ―slow feedbacks‖. While fast feedback ev ents unfold overdecades or centuries, slow feedbacks can take thousands of years. Melting of continental ice sheets and the migration of plant life — as they relocate to more comfortable areas —are two examples of slow feedbacks.5 Zeebe gathered information from previously published studies investigating how such processes played out over thousands of years during past dramatic changes in climate. Then he came up with a forecast for the future that accounts for both slow and fast feedback processes. Climate forecasts that use only fast feedbacks predict a 4.5 degree Celsius (8.1 degree Fahrenheit) change by the year 3000. But slow feedbacks added another 1.5 °C — for a 6° total increase, Zeebe reports. He also found that stow feedback events will cause global warming to persist for thousands of years after people run out of fossil fuels to burn.23. Paragraph 2 ____A_____24. Paragraph 3 ____D____25. Paragraph 4 ____B_____26. Paragraph 5 ____C_____A. Impact of burning fossil fuelsB. Slow feedbacksC. A prediction of future climate changeD. Fast feedbacksE. Rising of sea levelsF. Unpredictability of feedback processes27. Arctic ice has never been melting so fast in ____B_____.28. Melting of snow and ice enables sunlight to reach ____E____.29. Zeebe came up with his future climate prediction by analyzing ___F_____.30. After fossil fuels are used up, global warming will continue for ___A_____.A. a very long timeB. recorded historyC. rapid exaggeration of impactsD. the extra heatE. the exposed groundF. previously published studies答案：ADBC BEFA第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。
2014职称英语理工B模拟题(二)答案及解析
2014职称英语理工B模拟题（二）答案及解析第一部分：词汇选项CACCD ABDAC DAADB第二部分：阅读判断16 B第一段第一句Tornadoes （龙卷风）and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and into Trumbull County on Saturday evening.由此可见不是一个好天气。
17 A第二段第一句George Snyder开着救火车经过，由此可见他是一个消防员。
18 B 第四段最后一句她叫大家躲到地下室去，而不是一开始在地下室举办聚会。
19 B 第五段最后一句说到大雨使得很多家庭Power system遭到了破坏。
20 C 文中并未提到。
21 A 第六段说到水淹没了道路，使得很多公路不得不封了。
22 C 文中并没有说到有人失踪。
第三部分：概括大意与完成句子23 C第二段说戴领带不会裹住你身上的任何一个部位来保暖，还会在吃饭的时候把饭溅到领带上，说明了领带没有用。
所以Uselessness of the tie概括了本段的内容。
24 A 第三段的第一句提到领带有一个奇怪的历史。
接下来叙述了领带的由来。
所以Origin of the tie概括了本段的内容。
25 E 第四段说领带是身份的象征，不同的团体组织会戴不同的领带。
所以Role of the tie 概括了本段的内容。
26 F 第六段说：The signs are not promising.接下来举例说许多政治领导人包括英国首相布莱尔外出都不戴领带，说明戴领带越来越不被看好。
所以Signs of a tieless era概括了本段的内容。
27 C 文章第一段开头It's useless. It's dirty. It spreads disease. 指出：戴领带没有用，它很脏，而且会传播疾病，所以The British Medical Association建议停止戴领带。
2014年职称英语理工B真题
2014年职称英语等级考试真题（理工类B级）第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1．The majority of people around here are decent.A．real B．honest C．normal D．wealthy 2．The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid.A．hidden B．traditional C．inflexible D．official 3．The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.A．furnish B．copy C．publish D．summarize 4．Afterwards there was just a feeling of let down.D．calmD．brokenD．resultsD．commercialD．actD．honorableD．terribleD．opportunityD．lastedD．imagineA．very useful B．very limited C．quite good D．rather special 15．The group does not advocate the use of violence.A．limit B．regulate C．oppose D．support第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
So Many “Earths”The Milky Way contains billions of Earth-sized planets that could support life that's the finding of a new study. It draws on date that came from NASA's top planet-hunting telescope.A mechanical failure recently put that Kepler space telescope out of service. Kepler had played a big role in creating a census of planets orbiting some 170,000 stars. Its data have been helping astronomers predict how common planets are in our galaxy. The telescope focused on hunting planets that might have conditions similar to those on Earth.The authors of a study published in The Proceedings of the National Academy of sciences, conclude that between 14 and 30 out of every 100 stars, with a mass and temperature similar to the Sun, may host a planet that could support life as we know it.Such a planet would have a diameter at least as large as Earth's, but no more than twice that big. The planet also would have to orbit in a star's habitable zone. That's where the surface temperature would allow any water to exist as a liquid.The new estimate of how many planets might fit these conditions comes from studying more than 42,000 stars and identifying suitable worlds orbiting them. The scientists used those numbers to extrapolate to the rest of the stars that the telescope could not see.The estimate is rough, the authors admit. If applied to the solar system, it would define as habitable a zone starting as close to the Sun as Venus and running to as far away as Mars. Neither planet is Earthlike (although either might have been in the distant past). Using tighter limits, the researchers estimate that between 4 and 8 out of every 100 sunlike stars could host an Earth-sized world. These are ones that would take 200 to 400 days to complete a yearly orbit.Four out of every 100 sunlike stars doesn't sound like a big number. It would mean, however, that the Milky Way could host more than a billion Earth-sized planets with a change for life.16．The Kepler space telescope has been in service for 15 years.A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned17．The main task of the Kepler space telescope is to find out planets with similar conditions to Earth's.A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned18．The planet that could support life might be a little bit smaller than Earth.A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned19．The Earth is planet orbiting in the Sun's habitable zone.A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned20．The new finding is based on a thorough study of 170,000 stars in the Milky Way.A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned21．The estimate of the number of planets that could support life is not very accurate.A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned22．This is the first research finding about the planets with a chance for life.A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23 ~ 26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；（2）第27 ~ 30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。
2014年职称英语理工类b级阅读理解练习题
2014年职称英语理工类b级阅读理解练习题TippingIn any countries there is a fixed charge for personal services. A certain percentage may be added to the hill at a hotel or restaurant "for the service". In other places the customer may be expected to give a tip, or a small amount of money, as a sign of appreciation whenever services are performed. In the United States there is no consistent practice in regard to tipping. The custom is more common in a large city than in a small town. A native American may often be in doubt about when and how much to tip when he is in a city that is strange to him. In general, however, a tip is expected by the porter who carries your baggage, by taxi drivers (except, perhaps, in small town), and by those who serve you in hotels and restaurants.When you pick up your incoming luggage at an airport, you may tip the man who takes it to the taxi or airport bus. He usually expects 35cents a bag for his service. In come cities the taxi that take you to your hotel may have one meter that shows the cost of the trip and another that shows a fixed charge, usually about 20 cents, for "extra". In some cities the taxi driver may expect a tip in addition to the "extra", especially if he carries your suitcase. If no "extra" is charged, a tip is usually given. Hotels generally do not make a service charge, though there are places where one is added. It is customary, however, to give something to the porter who carries your suitcases and shows you to your room. In case of doubt, 35 cents for each bag he carries is satisfactory. In a restaurant you generally leave about 15 percent of the bill in small change on that table as a tip for the person who has serves you. A service charge is generally not included except in some of the larger, more expensive places. If the order is small - a cup of coffee at a lunch counter, or something of the sort - a tip is not usually expected.1. According to the passage, the practice of giving tipsA) is consistent throughout the world.B) varies from place to place in the USA.C) is consistent in large towns in the USA.D) is consistent in small towns in the USA.2. According to the passage, the following are the people one may tip EXCEPTA) porters.B) taxi drivers.C) waiters.D) cleaners.3. According to the passage, which of the following is INCORRECT?A) "Extra" is a fixed charge in some cities.B) "Extra" is similar to a tip in some cases.C) If the "extra" is paid, one doesn't tip and more.D) Some hotels require people to pay a service charge.4. According to the passage, the amount of money for a tipA) is the same across restaurants and hotels.B) depends on how much one pays for his meal.C) generally varies according to the size of one's bag in hotel.D) is usually small for a cup of coffee at a lunch counter.5. From the passage we learn thatA) Americans sometimes are not sure how to tip.B) people in large towns know more about tipping.C) one has to tip no matter how big or small the order is.D) people sometimes don't tip when they are not satisfied. KEYS: BDCBA。
2014年职称英语B级带答案完型填空带答案
第一篇Captain Cook Arrow Legend 库克船长箭传说It was a great legend while it lasted，but DNA testing has (1)finally ended a two-century-old story of the Hawaiian arrow carved from the bone of British explorer Captain James Cook(2)who died in the Sandwich Islands in 1779.“There is (3)no Cook in the Australian Museum，’’museum collection manager Jude Philip said not long ago in announcing the DNA evidence that the arrow was not made of Cook’S bone.But that will not stop the museum from continuing to display the arrow in its(4)exhibition ，“Uncovered：Treasures of the Australian Museum,” which(5)does include a feather cape presented to Cook by Hawaiian King Kalani’opu’u in 1778.Cook was one of Britain’s great explorers and is credited with(6)discovering the“Grea t South Land，"(7)now Australia, in 1 770.He was clubbed to death in the Sandwich Islands，now HawaiiThe 1egend of Cook’s arrow began in 1824 (8)when Hawaiian King Kamehameha on his deathbed gave the arrow to William Adams，a London surgeon and relative of Cook’s wife，saying it was made of Cook’s bone after the fatal(9)fight with islanders.In the 1890s the arrow was given to the Australian Museum and the legend continued (10)until it came face=to-face with science.DNA testing by laboratories in Australia and New Zealand revealed the arrow was not made of Cook’s bone but was more (11)likely made of animal bone。
2014年职称英语B级带答案完型填空带答案
六、Car Thieves could Be Stopped Remotely 远程制止偷车贼Speeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch. But he is in a nasty surprise. The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer and a radio signal from a control center miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine1off, he will not be able to start it again. For now, such devices 2 are only available for fleets of trucks and specialist vehicles used on construction sites. But remote immobilization technology could soon start to trickle down to ordinary cars, and 3should be available to ordinary cars in the UK 4in two months.The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the carincorporates5a miniature cellphone, a microprocessor and memory, and a GPS satellite positioning receiver. 6If the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the unit to block the vehicle’s engine management system and prevent the engine7being restarted.There are even plans for immobilizers 8that shut down vehicles on the move, though there are fears over the safety implications of such a system. In the UK. an array of technical fixes is already making 9life harder for car thieves. “The pattern of vehicles crime has changed,” says Martyn Randall of Thatcham, a security research organization based in Berkshire that is funded in part 10 by the motor insurance industry.He says it would only take him a few minutes to 11teach a novice how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10 years old.Modern cars are a far tougher proposition, as their engine management computer will not 12allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition key. In the UK, technologies like this 13have helped achieve a 31 per cent drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997.But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars. Often by getting hold of the owner’s keys in a burglary. In 2000, 12 per cent of vehicles stolen in the UK were taken using the owner’s keys double the p revious year’s figure.Remote-controlled immobilization system would 14put a major new obstacle in the criminal’s way by making such thefts pointless. A group that includes Thatcham, the police, insurance companies and security technology firms have developed standards for a system that could goon the market sooner than the15customer expects.七、智能汽车 An Intelligent CarDriving needs sharp eyes, keen ears, quick brain, and coordination between hands and the brain. Many human drivers have all (1) these and can control a fast-moving car. But how does an intelligent car control itself? There is a virtual driver in the smart car. This virtual driver has “eyes,”“brains”，“hands” and “feet”，too. The mini-cameras (2) on each side of the car are his “eyes,” whic h observe the road and conditions ahead of it. They watch the (3) traffic to the car’s left and right. There is also a highly (4) automatic driving system in the car. It is the built-in computer, which is the virtual driver’s “brain. ” His “brain” calculat es the speeds of (5) other moving cars near it and analyzes their positions. Basing on this information, it chooses the right (6) path for the intelligent cars, and gives (7) instructions to the “hands”and “feets”to act accordingly. In this way, the virtua l driver controls his car.What is the virtual driver’s best advantage? He reacts (8)quickly. The mini-cameras are (9)sending images continuously to the “brain”. It (10) completes the processing of the images within 100 milliseconds. However, the world’s best drier (11) at least needs one second to react. (12) Besides, when he takes action, he needs one more second.The virtual driver is really wonderful. He can reduce the accident (13) rate considerably on expressway. In this case. Can we let him have the wheel at any time and in any place? Experts (14) warn that we cannot do that just yet. His ability to recognize things is still (15) limited. He can now only drive an intelligent car on expressways.第八篇Why India Needs Its Dying VulturesThe vultures in question may look ugly and threatening, but the sudden sharp __1 decline __ in three species of India’s vultures is producing alarm rather than celebration, and it presents the world with a new kind of environmental __2 problem __ The dramatic decline in vulture numbers is causing widespread disruption to people living in the same areas as the __3 birds__ . It is also causing serious public health problems __4across__ the Indian sub-continent.While their reputation and appearance may be unpleasant to many Indians，vultures have__5long__played a very important role in keeping towns and villages all over India clean. It is__6_because_they feed on dead cows. In India, cows are sacred animals and are __7_finally_ left in the open when they die in their thousands upon thousands every year.The disappearance of the vultures has __8 led to__ an explosion in the numbers of wild dogs feeding on the remains of these dead animals. There are fears that rabies may __9increase__as a result. And this terrifying disease may ultimately affect humans in the region, since wild dogs are its main carriers. Rabies could also spread to other animal species, causing an even greater problem in the __10future__.The need for action is __11urgent__, so an emergency project has been launched to __12_find_ a solution to this serious vulture problem. Scientists are trying to identify the disease causing the birds，deaths and, if possible, develop a cure.Large-scale vulture __13deaths__ were first noticed at the end of the 1980s in India. A population survey at that time showed that the three species of vultures had declined __14by__ over 90 per cent. All three species are now listed as “critically endangered”. As most vultures lay only single eggs and __15_take_ about five years to reach maturity, reversing their population decline will be a long and difficult exercise.第九篇：Wonder WebsSpider webs are more than homes, and they are ingenious traps. And the world’s best web spinner may be the Golden Orb Weaver spider. The female Orb Weaver spins a web of fibers thin enough to be invisible to insect prey, yet____tough____ enough to snare a flying bird without breaking.The secret of the web’s strength? A type of super-resilient____2_silk___ called dragline. When the female spider is ready to____3_weave___ the web’s spokes and frame, she uses her legs to draw the airy thread ou t through a hollow nozzle in her belly. Dragline is not sticky, so the spider can race back and forth along____4it____ to spin the web’s trademark spiral.Unlike some spiders that weave a new web every day, a Golden Orb Weaver____5reuses____ her handiwork until it falls apart, sometimes not for two years1. The silky thread is five times stronger than steel by weight and absorbs the force of an impact three times better than Kevlar, a high- strength human-made____6material____ used in bullet-proof vests. And thanks to its high tensile strength, or the ability to resist breaking under the pulling force called tension, a single strand can stretch up to 40 percent longer than its original____7length____ and snap back as well as new. No human-made fiber even comes____8_close___.It is no____9_hurry___ manufacturers are clamoring for spider silk. In the consumer pipeline: high-performance fabrics for athletes and stockings that never run2. Think parachute cords and suspension bridge cables. A steady____10supply____ of spider silk would be worth billions of dollars —but how to produce it? Harvesting silk on spider farms does not____11_work___ because the territorial arthropods have a tendency to devour their neighbors.Now, scientists at the biotechnology company Nexia are spinning artificial silk modeled after Golden Orb dragline. The____12first____ step: extract silk-making genes from the spiders. Next, implant trie genes into goat egg cells. The nanny goats that grow from the eggs secrete dragline silk proteins in their____13milk____. “The young goats pass on the silk-making gene without____14_any___ help from us,” says Nexia president Jeffrey Turner. Nexia is still perfecting the spinning process，but they hope artificial spider silk will soon be snagging customers____15_as fast as ___ the real thing snags bugs.第十篇：Chicken Soup for the Soul: Comfort Food Fights LonelinessMashed potatoes, macaroni and cheese, may be bad for your arteries, ____1_but ___ according to a study in Psychological Science, they’re good for your heart and____2_emtions___. “comfort food1” and how it makes people feel.“For me____3_personally___, food has always played a big role in my family”, says Jordan Troisi, a grad uate student2 at the University of Buffalo3，and lead author4 on the study. The study came out of the research program of his co-author Shira Gabriel. It has____4_looked at___ non-human things that may affect human emotions. Some people reduce loneliness by bonding with their____5_favorite___ TV show, building virtual relationships with a pop song singer or looking at pictures of loved ones. Troisi and Gabriel wondered if comfort food could have the same effect____6by____ making people think of their nearest and dearest5.In one experiment, in order to make____7_participants___ feel lonely, the researchers had them write for six minutes about a fight with someone close to them. Others were given an emotionally neutral writing assignment. Then, some people in each____8_group___ wrote about the experience of eating a comfort food and others wrote about eating a new food. ____9_finally___ the researchers had participants____10_cmplete___ questions about their levels of loneliness6.Writing about a fight with a close person made people feel lonely. But people who were generally____11_secure___ in their relationships would feel less lonely by writing about a comfort food. “We have found that comfort foods are consistently associated with those close to us,” says Troisi. u Thinking about or consuming these foods later then serves as a reminder of those close others.” In ____12their____ essays on comfort food, many people wrote about the____13_experience___ of eating food with family and friends.In another experiment,____14_eating___ chicken soup in the lab made people think more about relationships, but only if7they considered chicken soup to be a comfort food. This was a question they had been asked long before the experiment, along with many other questions, so they wouldn’t remember it.Throughout everyone’s daily lives8they experience stress, often associated with our ____15connections____ with others, “Troisi says. ‘‘Comfort food can be an easy remedy for loneliness.。
职称英语理工类2014新增ABC级文章及答案详解
2014全国职称英语理工类 新增ABC级文章及答案详解第二部分 阅读判断第八篇What Is a Dream?（B级）For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others，however，think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person’s mind and emotions.Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud1，was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person’s wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung2 was once a student of Freud’s. Jung，however，had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams. For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz，believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person’s daily life, thoughts, and behavior. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men’s dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women’s dreams.3 Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn’t panic. The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It’s important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.词汇：psychologist / saɪ'kɔlədʒɪst / n．心理学家 psychiatrist /sai'kaiətrɪst/ n．精神病学家(医生) Austrian / 'ɔstrɪən / adj．奥地利的 gender / 'dʒendə / n．性别注释：1．Sigmund Freud西格蒙德•弗洛伊德（1856—1939)，犹太人，奥地利精神病医生及精神分析学家。
2014年全国职称英语等级考试理工类B
2014年全国职称英语等级考试理工类（B级）第1部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1 She found me very dull．A dirtyB sleepyC lazyD boring2 The President made a brief visit to Beijing．A shortB workingC formalD secret3 He was persuaded to give up the idea．A mentionB acceptC considerD drop4 Jack consumes a pound of cheese a day．A eatsB drinksC buysD produces5 Mary just told us a very fascinating story．A strangeB frighteningC difficultD interesting6 It's a gorgeous day anyway.A lovelyB coldC normalD rainy7 Her life is becoming more diverse．A generousB humorousC variedD romantic8 Foreign military aid was prolonging the war．A broadeningB worseningC extendingD accelerating9 She was unwilling to go but she had no choice．A unableB indecisiveC readyD reluctant10 She is slender．with delicate wrists and ankles．A sickB weakC slimD pale11 With immense relief．I stopped running．A someB enormousC littleD extensive12 The scientists began to accumulate data．A collectB handleC analyzeD investigate13 Jack eventually overtook the last truck．A hitB passedC reachedD led14 Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advance．A possibleB profitableC easyD wise15 The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzle．A factB mysteryC statementD game第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题l分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
2014年职称英语理工_B级阅读理解
第四部分 B级阅读理解第十七篇地球防晒霜就算怀着昀美好的愿望，仅仅减少二氧化碳的排放量还是不能制止全球变暖。
很明显，即便采取昀强硬的措施来控制排放，气候的变化无常仍能导致极速变暖和海平面上升。
另一方面，受到政府和特殊利益群体的阻挠，气候学家往往不能将措施很快实施彻底。
幸好，如果被逼上绝路，科学家们还有昀后几招。
在大多数情况下，他们拒绝讨论这些措施，害怕人们会因此沾沾自喜而使这个问题不能被彻底解决。
至少目前是这样。
越来越多的研究者相信一项大型的地质工程建设可用来抵御全球变暖。
斯坦福大学的一位气象学家Stephen Schneider是很早提出气候变暖这项议题的学者之一。
他说，“我把它比作美沙酮。
如果你那里有一个海洛因上瘾者，那么正确的治疗方法就是住院，接受长时间的康复治疗。
拒绝正常住院治疗，那服用美沙酮是一种缓解海洛因毒瘾的有效方法。
”总体思路是给地球也涂上防晒箱。
一个天文学家突发奇想，想借此冷却地球：发射亿万轻如羽毛的碟片进入太空形成巨大“云层”以阻碍太阳光。
这个想法备受争议，但昀近的研究表明，有一些方法可以控制到这地球表面的阳光以抵消温室效应产生的气候变暖。
全球气候模型表明，阻断百分之一点八的太阳能刚好可以抵消大气中双倍的温室气体所引起的气候变暖现象。
这个想法影响深远，因为即使采取昀严格的控制气体排放措施，到本世纪末，二氧化碳量仍会翻倍。
并且，这种情况将再持续至少一个世纪。
第十八篇石油匮乏全世界每天都要消耗相当于2亿桶石油的能源。
地球上的大部分能源来自于太阳。
事实上，每分钟到达地球表层的来自于太阳的能源就足已满足我们一整年的需求，我们只是需要有效地加以利用而已。
到目前为止，石油一直是一种较便宜、易获得的能源。
但当供应缩减时，情况就会改变，我们就不能像现在这样不加节制地消耗石油了。
在蒸汽工业革命时代，高能煤成为首选燃料之前，燃木能满足大部分能源需求。
现在，煤仍然大量地运用于发电站，满足我们四分之一的能源需求。
2014年理工B原题解析及答案-推荐下载
2014年理工B原题解析及答案第1部分：词汇选项(第1～1 5题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1. After wards there was just a feeling of let-down.A. excitementB. angerC. CalmD. disappointment2. The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.A. copyB. furnishC. publishD. summarize3. The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid.A. hiddenB. inflexibleC. traditionalD. official4. He led a very moral life.A. honourableB. humanC. intelligentD. natural5. The majority of people around here are decent.A. realB. honestC. normalD. wealthy6. His knowledge of French is fair.A. very usefulB. very limitedC. quite goodD. rather special7. The group does not advocate the use of violence.A. limitB. regulateC. supportD. oppose8. The worst agonies of the war were now beginning.A. painsB. partsC. aspectsD. results9. It was a magic night until the spell was broken.A. timeB. charmC. spaceD. opportunity10. They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system.A. proveB. discoverC. considerD. imagine11. Several windows had been smashed.A. cleanedB. replacedC. brokenD. fixed12. She felt that she had done her good deed for the day.A. homeworkB. actC. justiceD. model13. London quickly became a flourishing port.A. majorB. largeC. successfulD. commercial14. His professional career spanned 16 years.A. startedB. changedC. movedD. lasted15. His stomach felt hollow with fear.A. emptyB. sincereC. respectfulD. terrible答案：DBBAB CCABB CBCDA第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题l分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
2014年职称英语理工类B真题(3月29日考)
2014年职称英语理工类B真题（3月29日考）职称英语考试用书及考试宝典请到树人考试书店（/）网上购买。
第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1. The majority of people around here are decent.A. realB. honestC. normalD. wealthy2. The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid.A. hiddenB. traditionalC. inflexibleD. official3. The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.A. furnishB. copyC. publishD. summarize4. Afterwards there was just a feeling of let down.A. excitementB. disappointmentC. angerD. calm5. Several windows had been smashed.A. cleanedB. replacedC. fixedD. broken6. The worst agonies of the war were now beginning.A. painsB. partsC. aspectsD. results7. London quickly became a flourishing port.A. majorB. largeC. successfulD. commercial8. She felt that she had done her good deed for the day.A. homeworkB. justiceC. modelD. act9. He led a very moral life.A. humanB. intelligentC. naturalD. honorable10. His stomach felt hollow with fear.A. sincereB. respectfulC. emptyD. terrible11. It was a magic night until the spell was broken.A. timeB. charmC. spaceD. opportunity12. His professional career spanned 16 years.A. startedB. changedC. movedD. lasted13. They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system.A. discoverB. proveC. considerD. imagine14. His knowledge of French is fair.A. very usefulB. very limitedC. quite goodD. rather special15. The group does not advocate the use of violence.A. limitB. regulateC. opposeD. support敬请关注中国资格考试网职称英语频道发布的2014年职称英语真题。