初中英语定语从句讲解及练习
初中英语定语从句讲解及练习
一.定语从句及相关术语
1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；
关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
二.关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人，在从句中做主语
(1) the boys who are playing football are from class one.
(2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way.
2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) mr. liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.
(2) mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
(1) football is a game which is liked by most boys.
(2) this is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(5) the number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.
(6) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning? 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
(1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) i once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
(3) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
(4) the classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
(5) do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
(6) do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导
(1) the school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.
(2) the school in which he once studied is very famous.
(3) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.
(4) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked.
(5) we'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.
(6) we'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.
注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等
(1) this is the watch which/that i am looking for. (t)
(2) this is the watch for which i am looking. (f)
2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose
(1) the man with whom you talked is my friend. (t)
(2) the man who/that you talked with is my friend. (f)
(3) the plane in which we flew to canada is very comfortable. (t)
(4) the plane in that we flew in to canada is very comfortable. (f) 3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词
(1) he loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
(2) in the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.
(3) there are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.
解答"介词+关系代词 "类型的定语从句题时，关键在于分析定语从句中的谓语动词（该动词是不及物动词）习惯上常与什么介词搭配使用。这就需要同学们在平时学习时要注重某些不及物动词和介词惯用的情形，并要灵活运用。例如：
in the dark street, there wasn't a single person ________ she could turn for help.
a. that b. who c. from whom d. to whom
简析:本题定语从句中的turn 与介词 to 构成固定短语"turn to sb. for help (向某人求助）"。所以，d是正确选项。
四．关系副词引导的定语从句
1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语
(1) i still remember the day when i first came to the school.
(2) the time when we got together finally came.
2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语
(1) shanghai is the city where i was born.
(2) the house where i lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语
(1) please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
(2) i don't know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换
(1) the reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear, (2) from the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted
when he grew up.
(3) great changes have taken place in the city in which/where i was born.
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：
there are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
beijing is the place where (in which) i was born. 北京是我的出生地。
is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
五．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句举例：
(1) the teacher told me that tom was the only person that i could depend on.
(2) china is a country which has a long history.
非限制性定语从句举例：
(1) his mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.
(2) china, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.
要注意区分以下几个句子的不同
(1) his brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college.
他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。（他还有其他的哥哥）
(2) his brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college.
他的哥哥是当医生的，常鼓励他要考上大学。（他只有一个哥哥）
难点分析
英语定语从句练习题50篇及解析
定语从句练习题附答案解析
1．— At present young people prefer WeChat to keep in touch with their friends.
— Yes. It seems to be the best way of communication________people like.
A．that B．which C．who D．what
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——现在年轻人更喜欢用微信来和朋友保持联系。——是的。这似乎是人们喜欢的最好的通讯方式。
本题考查定语从句。that引导定语从句，修饰事物；which引导定语从句，修饰事物；who引导定语从句，修饰人；what引导名词性从句。此处是定语从句，先行词communication是事物，因此排除CD两项。先行词前有形容词最高级best修饰，因此用that引导定语从句，故选A。
2．The factory we’ll visit next week is not far from here.
A．where B．what C．which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：我们下周要参观的工厂离这儿不远。
考查定语从句。where指地点，作状语；what不可以引导定语从句；which指物，作主语或宾语。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是The factory指物，在其后的定语从句中作visit后的宾语。故选C。
3．Harry potter is the best movie _________ I have ever seen.
A．which B．who C．what D．/
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：《哈利波》特是我看过的最好的电影。
考查定语从句。在定语从句中，先行词是物时关系代词用that或which，此句先行词“movie”是物，可知排除B和C；先行词“movie”被最高级修饰，可知关系代词只能用that，当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，that可省略。故选D。
中考英语--定语从句的专项讲解+练习 (6)
中考英语--定语从句的专项讲解+练习
定语专项讲解
下面有八个短语，你能按照下面的要求完成任务吗？
1. 划出八个短语中修饰名词的词，它们是什么呢？给它们分分类吧.
我们所这些修饰名词的词，叫做定语；定语就是对名词进行修饰的。
2. 你能把这些修饰名词的定语翻译出来吗？你觉得哪种最难翻译？
答案不得而知了，除了前3个大家熟知会写，后5个觉得稍难，今天就来听听不一样的讲解呢。
我们来看下面的四组例子
A：他昨天买了书。He bought the book.
B：他昨天买的书 the book that / which / / he bought
A：那个学生会唱歌。That student can sing.
B：那个会唱歌的学生 that student who/that can sing
A: 人对音乐感兴趣。 The people are interested in music.
B: 对音乐感兴趣的人 the people who/that are interested in music
the people interested in music
A: 学校离我们这不远。 The school is not far from here.
B: 离我们这不远的学校 the school that/which is not far from here
the school not far from here
你发现了什么吗？
A组例子，全是句子，要么是主谓宾，要么是主系表
B组例子，全是带有修饰成分的名词短语，这些修饰成分有：从句，形容词短语，
注意：当从句修饰名词时，我们这这一句子称之为“定语从句”
定语从句讲解与练习
高中英语讲义
好好努力 梦想终会实现 1 定语从句精讲精炼
一． 判断用关系代词(who/which/that)还是关系副词(when/where/why)
1.定语从句若是缺主语或宾语或表语，则用关系代词(因为代词的作用主要就是充当主语或宾语的);定语从句若是不缺主语或宾语或表语，说明从句缺的是状语，则根据先行词是表示时间、地点还是原因来选择相应的关系副词when/where/why(因为副词的作用主要就是充当状语)。
2.判断从句是否缺主语比较容易，但是判断从句缺不缺宾语必须懂得一些常用动词是及物还是不及物。请先牢记以下在定语从句中出现频率最高的词及物还是不及物：stay(不及物) live(表示“住”的时候不及物) work(不及物) go/come(不及物) visit(及物) spend(表示“度过”及物) explain(表“解释”，及物)
注意： (1)及物动词后面一定要带宾语，若后面没有跟名词或代词说明缺宾语；(2)如果看到从句的谓语是不及物动词，后面本来就不能跟名词或代词，说明不缺宾语; (3)从句中若是及物动词的被动态也是不缺宾语的。
实战演练：用关系代词还是用关系副词？
1. This is the place ________ I was born.
This is the place ________ we visited 10 years ago.
2. I still remember the days _______ we worked together.
I still remember the days _______ we spent when we were young.
3. This is the reason _______ we put off the meeting.
This is the reason _______ he gave.
定语从句讲解和练习
定语从句讲解和练习
1 / 10 定 语 从 句 复 习 提 纲
※定语从句三步：
第一找出先行词；
第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；
第三选择合适的关系词。
一，只用that不用which的情况
1，当先行词是all, little, few, much, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时。如：
Everything that happened then was like a nightmare.
I will tell him all that you told me at the ball.
2，当先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, just, very（恰好的,表示强调）等词修饰时。例如： The only thing that we could do was to wait.
That’s the very thing that we can do.
3、当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。例如：The first place that we visited was the Great Wall.
This is the best novel that I have ever read.
4、被修饰词为数词时。例如：
Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two that
are still alive.
5、主句是There be结构，修饰主语的定语从句宜用that作关系代词修饰物。例句：
There’s still a room that is free.
6、先行词中同时包括人和物时。例如：
定语从句讲解及练习题解析
1
定语从句讲解及练习题解析
目 录
1、 什么是定语从句
1-1 定语
1-2 从句
1-3 定语从句
1-4 从定语到定语从句
2、先行词和连接词
2-1 先行词
2-2 连接词
2-3定语从句的分分合合
2-3-1 把定语从句分成两个简单句
2-3-2 把两个简单句合成一个定语从句
3、连接词的使用
3-1先行词和人有关时连接词的选择
3-1-1 连接词在从句中作主语
3-1-2 连接词在从句中作宾语
3-1-3 连接词在从句中作介词宾语
3-1-4 连接词在从句中作定语（所有格）
3-2 先行词和物有关时连接词的选择
3-2-1 连接词在从句中作主语
3-2-2 连接词在从句中作宾语
3-2-3 连接词在从句中作介词宾语
3-2-4 连接词在从句中作定语（所有格）
4、关系代词和关系副词
4-1 关系代词
4-2 关系副词
2
4-2-1 和时间有关的关系副词
4-2-2 和地点有关的关系副词
4-2-3 和原因有关的关系副词
5、限定性和非限定性
6、that的替代以及可以省略连接词的情况
6-1 可以用that替代的情况
6-1-1 和人有关，关系代词在从句中作主语的情况
6-1-2 和物有关，关系代词在从句中作主语的情况
6-1-3 和人有关，关系代词在从句中作宾语的情况
6-1-4 和物有关，关系代词在从句中作宾语的情况
6-1-5 用that代替关系副词
6-2 不可以用that替代的情况
6-3 一般用that替代的情况
7、which代表整个句子
8、总体说明
9、练习题
9-1用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句
9-2用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空
9-3单项选择
10、练习题答案及解析
10-1用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句答案及解析
10-2用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空答案及解析
英语定语从句练习题20篇及解析
英语定语从句练习题20篇及解析
一、定语从句
1．Running man is a very relaxing TV program_______is hot
among the young people.A．what
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
B．XXX
【点评】定语从句要注意先行词是人还是物，从而选出合适的关系代词．
【详解】
试题分析：定语从句中先行词为物，关系代词用that或which．what不引导定语从句，who/whom的先行词是人；根据a very relaxing TV program可知，先行词是物，故选B．2．—What kind of movies do you prefer?
—I prefer the movies _________me something to think about.
A．which give
【答案】A
【剖析】 句意：——你喜欢什么类型的电影？——我更喜欢那些让我思考的电影。此句的先行词是movies，引导定语从句的关联词用that或which，排除C,D；定语从句的主语that或which指代movies，动词不能用三单形式，故答案为A。
B．that XXX gives3．The We Chat is an invention can
help people talk to friends, share photos, XXX.
A．which
【答案】A
【剖析】
试题分析：句意：微信是可以帮助人们和朋友自由地聊天，分享照片，想法和感觉。这是一个定语从句，先行词是物invention，关系词可以用which或者that，但是先行词在从句做主语，that不可以省略。故选A。
考点：考查定语从句的用法。
B．XXX
4．This is the dictionary ________ XXX.
A．which
【答案】A
英语定语从句练习题50篇及解析 2
定语从句练习题附答案解析
1．Our teacher told us a funny story ________ made us laugh.
A．when B．which C．who D．whom
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：老师给我们讲了一个有趣的故事，我们都笑了。
考查关系代词。when先行词为时间名词，在句中作状语；which先行词为物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；who先行词为人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whom宾格，谁，指代人，在定语从句中作宾语。根据题干可知，这里考查定语从句的引导词，先行词story为物，在定语从句中做主语，所以使用关系代词which，故答案选B。
2．—Do you often watch Street Dance of China on the Internet?
—Yes. It is a show ________ Han Geng has taken part in. I like him very much.
A．what B．who C．whom D．which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——你经常在网上看《中国街舞》么？——是的。韩庚参加了这个节目。我很喜欢他。
考查定语从句。what什么，不能引导定语从句；who引导定语从句，先行词必须是指人的词，主格或宾格；whom先行词必须是指人的词，在定语从句中作宾格；which引导定语从句，先行词必须是指事情或物的词。此处是定语从句，先行词a show是表示事物的名词，定语从句的关系代词用which来代替a
show，which在定语从句中做take part in的宾语。故选D。
3．Friends are those _________offer to help you when you are in trouble.
A．whose B．which C．whom D．who
初中英语定语从句(全,含练习及答案解析)
（一）定语从句的概念
定语从句：一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。
被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它通常只能放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。
定语 从句由关系词（关系代词、关系副词）引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。
因此，
Handsome boy = the boy who is handsome
Beautiful flower = the flower which is beautiful
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词可分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, which, that)
和关系副词(when, where, why)
关系词都充当从句的某个成分，它所替代的相应成分应省去。
在定语从句中，当who, which, that作主语时，谓语的单复数应与先行词保持一致。
关系词常有3个作用：
①引导定语从句。
②代替先行词。
③在定语从句中担当一个成分。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系不如限制性定语从句与先行词的关系紧密，没有它，主句的意思也清楚，因此用逗号隔开。关系词在非限制性定语从句中的用法与在限制性定语从句中的用法基本一样。
（二）关系代词用法
关系代词 指示对象 作用 例句
That 人/物 主（宾） The student that answered the question was John.回答问题的学生是约翰。
The book （that） you lent me was interesting.你借给我的那本书很有趣。
Which 物 主（宾） Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的游戏.
This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天刚买的钢笔.
定语从句讲解与练习 2
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词 （a good book, a tall tree），或修饰整个主句的从句叫定语从句。它的作用相当于形容词。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
引导定语从句的关系代词有：who, whom, whose, which, that, as
关系副词有：when, where, why。
1． Who指人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语
A. The man who is standing by the window is Tom’s brother. B. The man who talked to you just now is an engineer.
C. This is the doctor who saved my mother’s life. D. The boy who is reading newspaper to us is our monitor.
2. whom指人， 是宾格，在定语从句中作宾语；在口语中及非正式文体中往往被省略
A. Where is the boy (whom) I saw this morning? B. The fellow (whom) I spoke to made no answer first.
Note： 口语中可用who代替whom。但如果关系代词作定语从句中介词的宾语，而且这个介词又放在它的前面时就不能用who代替；试比较：
A. The boy (whom/ who) you spoke to is very clever. B. The boy to whom you spoke is very clever.
3. whose多指人，也可指物，whose是所有格，在定语从句中作定语；
Please give me the book whose cover is green. Please give me the book the cover of which is green
中考英语专项8.定语从句讲解及习题
定语从句讲解及练习
一、 定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词 或代词 的从句叫做定语从句.
如：1） The man who lives next to us is a policeman.
2) You must do everything that I do。 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that， which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose）和关系副词where， when、why。关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分
二、关系代词引导的定语从句
1. that 指人，物,在从句中作主语，宾语，表语。
This is the photo that I took in the country。
He is the singer that I met yesterday。
2. which 指物，在从句中作主语，宾语，在非限定定语从句中充当定语,或者代替前句The film which we saw last night was moving。
3。 who 指人,在从句中作主语，宾语.
The person who visited our classroom yesterday was our new headmaster.
The man who you just talked to is Tom。
4. whom 指人,在从句中作宾语。
That is the professor whom you want to know。
5. whose 指人，物，在从句中作定语，相当于先行词+ ’s, 后接一名词。
I know the boy whose parents are dead。
I don’t like those cities whose roads are dirty。