10月6日-2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记
［B］a greater emphasis on theoretical subjects. N.G ［C］the application of emerging technologies.
the use of new digital technologies. Emerging market！ ［D］funding for the study of foreign languages. （给钱！） 四. 1. Unfortunately, despite 2.5 years in the making, "The Heart of the Matter" never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities. （主题句 加强版！详尽版！豪华版！尊贵版!）pun 2.The commission ignores that for several decades America's colleges and universities have produced graduates/ who don't know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. (没法体会其好处！) 3. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by A A=the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing "progressive,"
national excellence liberal education= humanities and social science
三. 1.The goals identified in the report are generally admirable.
1
2017 考研英语真题阅读 5 夜 10 篇精读直播随堂笔记
37. Influential figures in the congress/ required that the AAAS report on how to____ =leading congressional Democrats and Republicans to “maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education.”
36. According to Paragraph1, what is the author’s attitude toward the AAAS’s report? 2. 1) Regrettably，however，the report’s failure may cause more harm than good . 2) failure to address the true nature of the crisis/ facing liberal education
［A］define the government’s role in education. ［B］safeguard individuals’ rights to education. ［C］retain people’s interest in liberal education. ［D］keep a leading position in liberal education.
［A］Critical ［B］Appreciative ［C］Contemptuous ［D］Tolerant
二. 1. 1) In 2010，leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS 2) asking that AAAS identify actions 3) actions could be taken by “A” to “maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education.” 4）A= federal，state and local government，universities，foundations， educators， individual benefactor and others 句子简化！！！
句子简化！
2
2017 考研英语真题阅读 5 夜 10 篇精读直播随堂笔记
Professors routinely treat A as B A= the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy（支持） B= the proper subject of study（正评价词） while 但是 professors portray C as D C= conservative or classical liberal ideas--such as free markets and self-reliance
2. In response, the American Academy AAAS formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Science .
3. Among the commission’s 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives asபைடு நூலகம்well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.
反对 C D= falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual
investigation.（负评价词） A 和 C 是对象 B 和 D 是评价词！ treat=portray= view=deem= see = accept =take= regard = 认为…as (是) 39. The author implies in paragraph 5 that professors are____ ［A］supportive of free markets ［B］conservative about public policy. ［C］biased against classical liberal ideas. ［D］cautious about intellectual investigation. 先做性质判断，在做程度判断！
or left-liberal propaganda. Propagate:传播 Propaganda：宣传工具！
五. Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas--such as free markets and self-reliance--as falling outside the boundaries of routine （ investigation ） , and sometimes （ falling outside the boundaries of ） legitimate, intellectual investigation.
2. 1) Because representative government ( 代 议 制 政 府 ) presupposes an informed citizenry,
A presupposes B informed citizenry 2) the report supports full literacy;( 全 民 教 育 ) stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. 3 To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting 制定 of coherent curricula/ that improve students’ ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. 4 The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs. 线索句： 有资格和选项发生关系的句子！ 38. According to paragraph 3, the report suggests____（选项定位）
(word完整版)2017年高考真题——英语(北京卷)详细解析
绝密★启用前2017年普通高等学校全国招生统一考试（北京卷）英语本试卷共16页，共150分。
考试时长120分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力理解(共三节，30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话你将听一遍。
例：What is the man going to read?A．A newspaper. B．A magazine. C．A book.答案是A。
1．When will the film start?A．At 5:00. B．At 6:00. C．At 7:00.2．Which club will the man join?A．The film club. B．The travel club. C．The sports club.3．What was the weather like in the mountains yesterday?A．Sunny. B．Windy. C．Snowy.4．What does the man want to cut out of paper?A．A fish. B．A bird. C．A monkey.5．Where does the conversation most probably take place?A．In a library. B．At a bookstore. C．In a museum.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，15分）听下面4段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。
听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
高三英语十月联考试题
——教学资料参考参考范本——高三英语十月联考试题______年______月______日____________________部门英语试卷考试时间：20xx年10月12日下午14:30 -16:30 试卷满分：150分注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第—部分听力（满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why is the woman loolang for clothes?A. She's too warm in her clothes.B.She needs to attenda pay.C.Her clothes are too small.2.Why are the man and woman celebrating?A. It's the woman's birthday.B. The woman got a new job.C.They recently got engaged.3.How does the man react to seeing the woman?A. He's sadB.He's scared.C.He's surprised_4.Why does the woman want to go to Paris?A.To study dance.B.To opena studio.C.To go to college.5.What happened to the man's hand?A.He broke his fingerB.He cut his fingerC.He had an operation第二节（共15小题；每小题1-5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
2017年英语高考题全国卷
2017年英语高考题全国卷2017年英语高考题全国卷十年的风雨兼程奋力追逐，让梦想现实的时刻。
祝高考顺利，金榜题名。
下面是店铺为大家推荐的2017年英语高考题全国卷，仅供大家参考!2017年英语高考题全国卷第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What happened to the man?A. He got a parking ticket.B. He lost his ticket.C. He got a permit to park in the red zone.2. What is the man doing now?A. Drinking a cup of tea.B. Washing clothes.C. Going to the bank.3. Where was the computer used last week?A. In a lab.B. In a theater.C. In a classroom.4. What day is it today?A. Friday.B. Wednesday.C. Tuesday.5. Why docs Mary call the man?A. To cancel an appointment.B. To confirm an appointment.C. To reschedule an appointment.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或对白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。
福建省龙岩市2017届高三5月综合能力测试(二)英语试题含答案
第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt？A。
￡19.15。
B。
￡9。
18. C.￡9.15。
答案是C。
1。
When will they leave the town？A。
Next Saturday。
B。
This Friday.st Sunday.2。
Where’s the woman going to spend her holiday?A.In America.B.In Europe.C.In Africa.3.What's Jane's telephone number？A.583228.B.583288。
C。
583328.4.How did the man and woman go traveling？A.By car。
B。
By plane.C.By boat。
5。
What are these people complaining about?A.The heat inside。
B。
The crowded room.C.The noise in the library.第二节（共15小题；每小题1。
5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或对白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置,听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题。
每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6.What time will the man have to be at the airport?A.4：30 p。
托福真题：2017年5月6日托福机经回忆（网页版）
2017年5⽉6⽇托福机经回忆（页版） 2017年5⽉6⽇考试ETS还是把题库⾥的⽼题⼤量地拼盘测试。
2017年5⽉6⽇托福是ABCD四套试卷。
今天给各位分析⼀下这四套题重复的规律。
A卷 阅读部分，四篇⽂章，三篇⽼题，⼀篇新题。
这三篇⽼题全部都是2015-2016的⼤陆托福题。
第⼀篇Mapping the World，重复2016.10.16⼤陆题; 第⼆篇Parental Care by Frogs，重复2016.11.13⼤陆题; 第三篇Lighting in Museums，重复2016.09.11和2015.06.27; 第四篇;Atmosphere of Planets（新题，今天的加试阅读题） 阅读部分四篇⽂章，也就是今年⽐较常见的阅读加试。
并且今天有⼀个规律，阅读加试的⽂章⼀般是新题，⽽其它三篇⼏乎都是⽼题。
B卷 Urban Development in the United States in the Nineteenth Century 重复2014.11.23(加场)和2014.04.27 Sea Life Adaptation in the Deep Ocean 重复 2015.06.27 Surface Fluids on Venus and Earth 重复2015.03.07A卷，2014.04.12和2013.07.20 C卷 Weeklies—electrotype新兴技术使得杂志能快速打印 美国电⼒系统重复 2015.11.21 A卷和2014.8.23A卷 Early Ideas of Continental Drift 重复 2015.11.21 B卷 Predator-Prey Cycles D卷 The Atmospheres of Planets 新题，加试 The Collapse of the Maya 重复 2014.10.18 The Origin of Coral Reefs 重复 2016.06.25 和 2014.06.21 Causes of Industrialization in the United States 重复 2016.06.04。
2017年12月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案汇总
2017年12月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案汇总【完整版】2017年12月CET6全国大学英语六级考试阅读理解共分为三部分，包括选词填空（第26-35题），长篇阅读/匹配阅读（第36-45题）和仔细阅读（第46-55题），以下是完整真题及参考答案。
Part III Reading Comprehension阅读理解(40 minutes)（题号：26-55）Section A 选词填空（题号26-35）Directions：In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage though carefully before making your choice. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.In the past 12 months, Nigeria has suffered from a shrinking economy, a sliding currency, and a prolonged fuel shortage. Now, Africa’s largest economy is facing a food crisis as major tomato fields have been destroyed by an insect, leading to a nationwide shortage and escalating prices.The insect, Tutaabsoluta, has destroyed 80% of farms in Kaduna, Nigeria’s largest tomato-producing state, leading the government there to declare a state of __26__.The insect, also known as the tomato leaf miner, devastates crops by __27__ on fruits and digging into and moving through stalks. It 28 incredibly quickly, breeding up to 12 generations per year if conditions are favorable. It is believed to have 29 in South America in the early 1900s, and later spread to Europe before crossing over to sub-Saharan America.In Nigeria, where tomatoes are a staple of local diets, the insect’s effects are devastating. Retail prices for a 30 of tomatoes at local markets have risen from $0.50 to $2.50. Farmers are reporting steep losses and a new $20 million tomato-paste factory has 31 production due to the shortages.Given the moth’s ability also to attack crops like pepper and potatoes, Audu Ogbeh, Nigeria’s minister of agriculture, has warned that the pest may “create serious problems for food 32 “in the country. Ogbeh says experts are investigating how to control the pest’s damage and prevent its spread, which has gone largely 33 until now.Despite being the continent’s second-largest producer of tomatoes, Nigeria is 34 on $1 billion worth of tomato-paste imports every year, as around 75% of the local harvest goes to waste thanks to a lack of proper storage facilities. A further 35 in local supplies is yet another unwelcome setback to the industry.答案及解析26. C) emergency27. D) feeding28. K) reproduces29. I) originated30. G) handful31. F) halted32. L) security33. N) unchecked34. A) dependent35. J) reduction【解析】26. 根据介词后面需要搭配名词或动名词的原则，可知此空格处应填入名词结构，再根据前文语境中的destroy等词汇锁定答案为emergency，这里的a state of emergency，意为紧急状态。
2017年大学英语六级（CET-6）真题试卷及答案解析5
2017年大学英语六级（CET-6）真题试卷及答案解析52017年六级听力原文Section A1. M: Now, what’s your problem, Madam?W: Oh, yes. My husband bought this yellow skirt here yesterday. It is very nice, but it’s not the colour I want. Have you got any blue ones?Q: What does the woman want to do?2. M: The city council has finally voted the funds to build a new high school.W: It’s about time they did it. I don’t know what took them so long.Q: What’s the woman’s opin ion about the school?3. M: Last night, jack left his car parked in front of his girl-friend’s house and when hecame out to go home, it was gone.W: Wow! That’s really tough. He just bought it last month, didn’t he?Q: What do you think happened?4. M: Some people know a lot more than they tell.W: Unfortunately the reverse is also true.Q: What does the man mean?5. W: We all talk about how liberated we are, but in fact women are still not equallytreated.M: I don’t think so. You’ve got the vote, you’ve got your careers—I think you’ve go everything important.Q: What are they arguing about?6. M: It’s partly your own fault. You should never let inanyone like that unless you’reexpecting him.W: It’s all very well to say that, but someone cones to the doo r and says” electricity “or “gas” and you automatically think he is OK, especially if he shows you a card.Q: How does the woman feel about the man’s remarks?7. M: Your yard is always so beautiful, Cathy. You must havea gardener.W: Oh, no. It would cost at least $50 a month to hire someone to do the work, so I do most of it myself. I enjoy taking care of the flowers, but I have to force myself to do the weeding and cut the grass.Q: What does Cathy like to do?8. M: I’d like to make two reservations on F light 651 for June 8th.W: I’m sorry, we’re booked up on the 8th. But we still have a few seats available on the 9th.Q: When does the man want to leave?9. M: I have to think about your offer. I can’t say “yes” or “no” at the moment.W: You can take your time. It will do if you let me know your decision in a day or two.Q: Which of the following is true?10. M: Well, this is a pleasant surprise. It seems to me we ran into each other here lastweek too.W: You and I must have the same idea. The only way to beat the crowds when you do the grocery shopping on Saturday is to be here when they open at 9:00 o’clock sharp!Q: Why did both of them do grocery shopping at 9:00o’clock sharp?Section BPassage OneIn recent years, many Americans of both sexes and various ages have become interested in improving their bodies. They have become devoted to physical fitness.Many persons have a strong desire to be more physically fit. By nature, Americans are enthusiastic and energetic about hobbies or pastimes.Many of them apply this enthusiasm, optimism, and energy to running. As a result, there are running clubs to join and numerous books and magazines to read about running.The desire to be physically fit is explained by a “passion” for good health. The high rate of heart attacks in the 1960s caused an increase of interest in improving the human body.Middle-aged men especially suffer from heart attacks. Thus, they are one group strongly interested in more physical exercises. In fact, many doctors encourage their patients to become more physically active, especially those who have inactive jobs. It is interesting to note that the rate of heart attacks began to decease between 1972 and 1974 and it is still decreasing. Physical fitness has now become a new “love” of America ns. Will it last long? Only time will tell-or until another “new passion” comes along? Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. Why are Americans so interested in physical exercises?12. What about the rate of heart attacks between 1972 and 1974 in the United States?。
00年至06年考研阅读理解真题及翻译答案
2016年英语考研真题及答案Par`t ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that” incite excessive thinness”by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves to health –as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape –measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman (and many men )that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty .And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques .The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age, health, and other characteristics ofmodels .The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical charter clearly states, we are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people. The charter’s main toll of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen. Fashion week, which is men by the Danish Fashion Institute .But in general it relies on a name-and –shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A] Physical beauty would be redefined[B] New runways would be constructed[C] Websites about dieting would thrive[D] The fashion industry would decline22. The phrase “impinging on”(Line2 Para2) is closest in meaning to[A] heightening the value of[B] indicating the state of[C] losing faith in[D] doing harm to23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry[A] The French measures have already failed[B] New standards are being set in Denmark[C] Models are no longer under peer pressure[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A] setting perfect physical conditions[B] caring too much about models’ character[C] showing little concern for health factors[D] pursuing a high age threshold for models25. Which of the following maybe the best title of the text?[A] A challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals[B] A Dilemma for the starving models in France[C] Just Another Round of struggle for beauty[D] The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in the history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family. Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what make them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”. It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air”. Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it .It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation,even authorizing “off–plan” building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent only u sensing its chance, has sides with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its campaign to protect Rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses factories and offices is where people are in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyed recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in the Landon area alone with no intrusion on green belts. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces. The idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows”is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against highstreets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let trip, After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowed country. Half a century of town and country planning has enable it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative-the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[A] is not well reflected in politics[B] is fully backed by the royal family[C] didn’t start fill the Shakespearean age[D] has brought much benefit to the NHS27. According to paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now being[A] largely overshadowed[B] properly protected[C] effectively reinforced[D] gradually destroyed28. Which of the following can be offered from paragraph 3[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development[B] The Conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building[C] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation[D] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence29. The author holds that George Osbornes’s preference[A] shows his disregard for the character of rural area[B] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis[C] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30. In the last paragraph the author show his appreciation of[A] the size of population in Britain[B] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain[C] the town-and-country planning in Britain[D] the political life in today’s BritainText 3“There is one and only one social responsibility of business” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.” But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders’s money, things may not be absolutely clear-act. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal” that a company’s products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect may to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect” whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under American’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act（FCPA）.It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations，they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that，among prosecuted firms，those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firm’s political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. “We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern,such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about20% result in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials.” says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question at how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31. The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with[A]uncertainty[B]skepticism[C]approval[D]tolerance32. According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by[A]guarding it against malpractices[B]protecting it from consumers[C]winning trust from consumers.[D]raising the quality of its products33. The expression “more lenient”(line 2,Para.4)is closest in meaning to[A]less controversial[B]more lasting[C]more effective[D]less severe34. When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company’s CSR record[A]comes across as reliable evidence[B]has an impact on their decision 对他们的决定有影响[C]increases the chance of being penalized[D]constitutes part of the investigation35. Which of the following is true of CSR according to the last paragraph?[A] The necessary amount of companies spending on it is unknown[B] Companies’ financial capacity for it has been overestimated[C] Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked[D]It has brought much benefit to the banking industryText 4There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. ”Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper – printing presses, delivery trucks – isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time when online – only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,” he said, “but if you discontinue it, you’re going have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. “It was seen as blunder,” he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge at the Times? ”I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” he said “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes, and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. “So if you’re overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping,”Peretti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.” In other words, if you’re going to make a print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year – more than twice as much as a digital – only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Peretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it’s better to be more aggressive that less aggressive.”36. The New York Times is considering ending it’s print edition partly due to[A] the increasing online and sales[B] the pressure from its investors[C] the complaints from its readers[D] the high cost of operation37. Peretti suggests that in face of the present situation, The Times should[A] make strategic adjustments[B] end the print sedition for good[C] seek new sources of leadership[D] aim for efficient management38. It can be inferred from paragraphs 5and 6 that a ” legacy product”[A] helps restore the glory of former times[B] is meant for the most loyal customers[C] will have the cost of printing reduced[D] expands the popularity of the paper39. Peretti believes that in a changing world[A] traditional luxuries can stay unaffected[B] cautiousness facilitates problem-solving[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges[D] legacy businesses are becoming out dated40. which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A] shift to online newspapers all at once[B] Cherish the Newspapers still in Your Hand[C] keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion[D] Make Your print Newspapers a luxury Good2015年考研英语(一)真题完整版Part ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings don’t ab dicate, they dare in their sleep.” But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above “mere” politics and “embody” a spirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs’ continuing popularity polarized. And also, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today –embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (orhelicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy’s reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service – as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarc hy’s worst enemies.21. According to the first two Paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain[A] used turn enjoy high public support[B] was unpopular among European royals[C] cased his relationship with his rivals[D]ended his reign in embarrassment22. Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status[B] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality[C] to give voter more public figures to look up to[D]due to their everlasting political embodiment23. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?[A] Aristocrats’ excessive reliance on inherited wealth[B] The role of the nobility in modern democracies[C] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families[D]The nobility’s adherence to their privileges24. The British royals “have most to fear” because Charles[A] takes a rough line on political issues[B] fails to change his lifestyle as advised[C] takes republicans as his potential allies[D] fails to adapt himself to his future role25. Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined[B] Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne[C] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs[D]Charles, Slow to React to the Coming ThreatsTEXT 2Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Cpurt will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling, particularly one that upsets the old assumptions that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.The court would be recklessly modest if it followed California’s advice. Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justice can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding California’s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone- a vast storehouse of digital information is similar to say, going through a suspect’s purse .The court has ruled that police don't violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or porcketbook, of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring one’s smartphone is more like entering his or her home. A smartphone may contain an arrestee’s reading history ,financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of “cloud computing.” meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.But the justices should not swallow Califor nia’s argument whole. New, disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution’s protections. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobileuse as a digital necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.26. The Supreme court, will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate to[A] search for suspects’ mobile phones without a warrant.[B] check suspects’ phone contents without being authorized.[C] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.[D] prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.27. The author’s attitude toward California’s argument is one of[A] tolerance.[B] indifference.[C] disapproval.[D] cautiousness.28. The author believes that exploring one’s phone content is comparable to[A] getting into one’s residence.[B] handing one’s historical records.[C] scanning one’s correspondences.[D] going through one’s wallet.29. In Paragraph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that[A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed.[B] the court is giving police less room for action.[C] phones are used to store sensitive information.[D] citizens’ privacy is not effective protected.市民的隐私没有被好好的保护30.Orin Kerr’s comparison is quoted to indicate that(A)the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.(B)New technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.(C)California’s argument violates principles of the Constitution.(D)Principles of the Constitution should never be altered.Text 3The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,”writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors (SBoRE). Manu will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manus.Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’ was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group, says he expects the board to “play primarily an advisory role.” He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”31、It can be learned from Paragraph I that[A] Science intends to simplify its peer-review process.[B]journals are strengthening their statistical checks.[C]few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.[D]lack of data analysis is common in research projects.32、The phrase “flagged up”(Para.2)is the closest in meaning to[A]found.[B]revised.[C]marked[D]stored33、Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may[A]pose a threat to all its peers[B]meet with strong opposition[C]increase Science’s circulation.[D]set an example for other journals 对其他旅行者做榜样34、David Vaux holds that what Science is doing nowA. adds to researchers’ worklosd.B. diminishes the role of reviewers.C. has room for further improvement.D. is to fail in the foreseeable future.35. Which of the following is the best title of the text?A. Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in PapersB. Professional Statisticians Deserve More RespectC. Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors’ DesksD. Statisticians Are Coming Back with ScienceText 4Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch’s daughter, Elisabeth, spoke of the “unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions”. Integrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism”in society should be profit and the market. But “it’s us, human beings, we the people who create the society we want, not profit”.Driving her point home, she continued: “It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom.” This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International, she thought, making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.As the hacking trial concludes—finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones, and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge—the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands. Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people. This is hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This saga still unfolds.In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place. One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.In today’s world, it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organisations that they run. Perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business-friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding, to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions—nor received traceable, recorded answers.36. Accordign to the first two paragraphs, Elisabeth was upset by(A) the consequences of the current sorting mechanism.(B) companies’ financial loss due to immoral practices(C) governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.(D) the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that(A) Glenn Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime.(B) more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.(C) Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.(D) phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.38. The author believes that Rebekah Brooks’s defence(A) revealed a cunning personality.(B) centered on trivial issues.(C) was hardly convincing.(D) was part of a conspiracy.39. The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows(A) generally distorted values.(B) unfair wealth distribution.(C) a marginalized lifestyle.(D) a rigid moral code.40 Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?(A) The quality of writings is of primary importance.(B) Common humanity is central to news reporting.。
17考研英语句子精讲电子讲义【文都教育】(建议学员彩色打印)
何凯文长难句精讲直播课程讲义（友情提示：2月2日到6号每晚7点到9点！不要错过你与英语学习真谛的相遇！）实战四步法一.确定句子主干二.切分句子成分三.独立成句四.调整句序Notes:1.这是看上去平淡无奇的四个句子，但就是这四个句子道出了句子分析的全部；从高考到四六级，从考研到GRE，从专四到专八，从雅思到托福，从三笔到二笔；你看不懂的句子都可以从这四句话中找到解决方案！是的，这四句话只要你能识字就能读的懂，但你真的懂了这是什么意思吗？2.前三句话是在阅读和翻译考试中必须用到的三句话；第四句话在阅读中可以不用。
1.Unlike Uber,Didi’s users can select a taxi,private car,shared car,shuttle van or busto pick them up.2.In an unusually stilted performance,Sarah Palin endorsed Donald Trump forpresident.(We made polite,stilted conversation.)3.Responding to Sir Malcolm’s demand for legal safeguards for countries not in theeuro,several ministers said it would be absurd to give Britain a veto over euro-zonecountries’policies.4.Left,until now,to odd,low-level IT staff to put right,and seen as a concern only ofdata-rich industries such as banking,telecoms and air travel,information protection isnow high on the boss’s agenda in businesses of every variety.5.Basic to any understanding of Canada in the20years after the Second World War is the country’s impressive population growth.写作句型：Basic to any understanding of A is B.B is basic to any understanding of A.例句：Basic to any understanding of Chinese youngsters’choice to be the civil servants are the good salary,the stable position and the generousbenefits.6.Among the firms making the biggest splash in the new world is Straitford,Inc.,aprivate intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin,Texas.Among firms making the biggest splash in the online education market is the Wendu Education Group located in the city of Beijing.（何凯文是最佳员工）7.Well established among segments of the middle and upper classes by themid-1800,this new view spread throughout in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century.8.More recently,Consumer Reports,a publication owned by a consumeradvocacy and independent testing centre in Yonkers,New York,got an eye-opener during a visit to a National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)laboratory.Notes:1.主语位于句子的中部。
2010-2017年同等学力英语真题答案分类
A.get food and shelter for their work32.The author found his farm life in La Réunion quite ______B. rewarding33.The author did all of the following on the organic farm EXCEPT _______.D.collecting vegetables34.The philosophy of WWOOFing is to _______B.make locals live better35.This passage is mainly about _____C.a charming WWOOFing experienceB.rising deaths caused by distracted walking37.The states introducing bills that target pedestrians ________.C.have been promoting the legislation38.According to the measure proposed by Lampitt, walking while texting would ______.A.become illegalmpitt reasons that distracted pedestrians are as dangerous as ________.C.jaywalkers40.Which of the following would the author of the passage most probably agree with?D.Rising distracted-walking incidents call for real attention.41.Which of the following might the writer of the passage agree with?B.We should not judge a person by his clothing.42.According to the writer of the passage, perception ______.A.might prove wrong43.The writer of Comment 1 seems to ______.D. think that Steve Jobs’ casualness reflected his self-confidence44.Speaking of Steve Jobs, the writer of Comment 2 ________.D.thinks Steve Jobs’ casualness was carefully thought out45.When he went to the dinner party in jeans (Comment 3), the philosopher _______B.was not aware of how his clothes looked 21.Tiziano Terzani spent a month alone to______.A.embrace isolation22.The word "solitude", (Para. 2) is closest in meaning to "_____".D. staying alone23.The opinions of Freud and Cacioppo are cited to show that _____.D. solitude has long been linked with negative outcomes24.According to Jack Fong, the sense of personal crisis may be influenced by _____.D. social context25.The main idea of the passage is that .C.choosing to spend time alone can be a blessing26. According to Annie Potts, hens' choice of a later and better reward indicates their abi lity of _____ .C. logical reasoning27.The expression "not-inconsiderable feat'' (Para. 3) shows what pigs can do is _____ .A. extraordinary28.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?C. A change of public attitude to the treatment of mammals.29.What is the author's view on eating "food animals''?D.He calls for a change in what we eat.30.What is the best title for the passage?C. The Inner Lives of Food Animals 31.What may be the best title for the passage?D. In Praise of “Useless” Endeavors32.According to Abraham Flexner, what is an important feature of modem thinking?A. Curiosity.33.The "undirected" research (Para. 3) refers to research _____ .B.without any practical purpose in mind34.Examples of initially "useless" research include all of the following EXCEPT_____ .D.GPS tracking devices35.Flexner's article was reprinted because _____ .D.some scientists worry that government will cut its funding for basic researchHow to Handle the StressNowadays more and more people have been under various stresses and there has been an increase in stress-related diseases among employees and students. This phenomenon has aroused immediate concern and widespread discussion among the general public. From my perspective, the resources of stresses can be from our work, family and also from the society, and learning how to deal with stresses has far-reaching significance to our body health.As a matter of fact, some solutions to reduce stresses can be illustrated below. The first one that comes to my mind readily is to share our stress with others. It can be enormously helpful because we may feel quite relaxed after talking to others and things even turn better if we get any valuable suggestions from them. What’s more, making time for fun such as listening to music and watching movies may be good medicine. Additionally, it is also a great way to reduce anxiety to do a large number of physical activities.From what has been discussed above, I strongly believe that we should know how to reduce enormous stress because it poses a general threat to human body health. As a common employee, I often feel immense stress at work. In those cases, I always tried to talk with my close friends to hear their advice or just listen to my favorite music. Only by having both mental and physical health can we hope to do our job well in the future?My favorite way of keeping fitsObservations and research findings indicate that people are increasingly concerned abo ut keeping fits. The importance people attach to it and the rapid development of related s ervices are the signs of this.There are several ways of keeping fits. Dieting should be fundamental to one’s heal th. We are facing more choice than ever before. Therefore, we should be cautious to sele ct the proper foods and to control the reasonable amount. What’s more, taking experienc e is another essential way. In addition, nobody is exposed to be considered as healthy in mental disorder, so that keeping mental health is also important.As for me, I am exerting all my strength on keeping my fits, by taking reasonable di eting and proper exercise and by remaining in good mind. In particular, I like jogging, m ore than four times per week, and approximately ．Nowadays, more and more people are concerned about the problem of environmental protection, for the pollution has brought us so many bad influences. It is important for us to realize that it is everyone’s duty to protect our environment.To cope with this nation-wide problem, our government has started to take a series of effective measures. The most effective way is to save energy and reduce carbon emission. Because every year billions of tons of carbon dioxide are emitted into the air, which in part, result in the global warming and climate changing.For me, I am trying to make my own contributions. Firstly, I go to work by bus instead of driving. Secondly, I am getting to form the habit of saving water and electricity. For example, when I brush my teeth and wash my hands, I will never leave the water running again. What's more, I even recommend our relatives and friends to do so. By now my ways have been working perfectly and efficiently.. Nowadays, with the rapid development of computer technology, in particular, the artificial intelligence (AI), the application of senior AI in the future has aroused a considerable world-wide concern. It is recently reported that in a ground-breaking fight between man and AI, the world champion of game Go was mercilessly defeated by Deep Mind Alpha Go, a product from Google, which gives rise to some people’s fear toward advanced AI i n future practice. And they take it for granted that human being would probably be totall y controlled by machine.As far as AI is concerned, I am fully convinced that we are supposed to maintain an obje ctive and positive attitude toward the emerging issue of artificial intelligence. It is know n to all that AI is nothing but the simulation of information on the process of conscious t hinking, or in another words, it’s something that subjects to its inventor’s design awaren ess. Consequently, as long as we are fully conscious of its possible disadvantages, certai n restrictions can be input into the program to avoid potential disastrous occurrences. Ad ditionally, it is well hoped that AI and intelligent machines can possibly free human labo rs from virtually all kinds of jobs. In that case/Above-mentioned discussion can safely le ad to the conclusion that what we are supposed to do is but to learn to get along with the inevitable development of computer technology and to adapt to the updated social struct ure changed by AI.What make happy couple happy?With the rapid development of modem society, an increasing number of people are c oncerned about the problem of the relationship between a husband and wife in our societ y. Not only the government but also the public have to pay more attention tothis phenomenon .Undoubtedly, it has brought about a great influence on people's work and living. Based on what has been discussed so far, it follows that some eflective solutions should be found to deal with the problem of the relationship between two people. On the one ha nd, the couples had better understand each other's daily habits so that they can form the s ame interests, which can make couples become happy on the other hand, no matter how close the relationship is between two people, we should give enough room to each other because keeping appropriate distance can make the two people more comfortable. Only i n these ways can we solve this problem successfully and eficctivcly.As far as I am concerned, no relationship will be free of difficulty or conflict. That happ y couples live happily is because that they are able to both apologize and forgive facing with difficulty or conflict..。