2018上海虹口二模英语高三试卷及答案
2018届上海市普陀区高三英语二模试卷和参考答案（2018.4）
2018届上海市普陀区⾼三英语⼆模试卷和参考答案（2018.4）上海市普陀区2018届⾼三⼆模英语试题考⽣注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（⾮选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上⼀律不得分。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反⾯清楚地填写姓名。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection A 10%Directions: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answer on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Cold B. Sunny C. Rainy D. Cloudy2. A. 110 minutes B. 120 minutes C. 130 minutes D. 140 minutes3. A. Shop assistant and customer B. Boss and assistantC. Professor and studentD. Husband and wife4. A. In a meeting room B. In a reference roomC. At a booking officeD. At a police station5. A. A movie B. A lecture C. A play D. A speech6. A. The woman shouldn’t be so upset B. He’s an hour later for the interview.C. The woman should be patientD. He’s too nervous to calm down7. A. The man is intelligent enough B. The man does not work hard enoughC. The man should get some sleepD. The man is hard-working.8. A. He doesn’t enjoy business trips as much as he used to.B. He wants to spend more time with his familyC. He doesn’t think he is capable of doing the jobD. He thinks the pay is too low to support his family9. A. The woman doesn’t have money for her son’s graduate studiesB The woman doesn’t think her son will get a business degreeC. The woman insists that her son should major in science.D. The woman advises her son to think twice before making his decision10. A. It ran into another car B. It fell into a river and sankC. It broke down on the roadD. It left the road and landed in a fieldSection B 15%Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions o n each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following recording.11. A. Noise B. Smoking C. Litter D. Drinking12. A. A tour guide B. A conductor C. A teacher D. A lawyer13. A. To prepare people for international travelB. To make the laws of different kindsC. To inform people of the punishment for breaking lawsD. To give advice to travelers to the countryQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following recording14. A Conference with the course tutor B. Active attendance and commitmentC. Punctuality and politenessD. Debate and essay preparation15. A. Inform the teacher in advance B. Just do not choose the courseC. Drop out of the courseD. Make it up later16. A. One that is written by hand B. One that is originalC. One that is revise by the tutorD. One that keeps to the instructionsQuestions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. His knees and fingers ache B. He doesn’t feel like eatingC. He can’t sleep very wellD. His blood pressure is high18. A. She asks him to have injections and a treatment with raysB. She asks him to have an operation and a treatment with raysC. She asks him to have a good rest and a treatment with raysD. She asks him to have some herbal medicine and a treatment with rays19. A. Every day for seven weeks B. Three times a week for seven weeksC. Three times a weeks for three weeksD. Twenty times for two weeks20. A. Use hot water pads B. Sit by the stoveC. Drink cold waterD. Take cold baths.II. Grammar and vocabularySection A 10%Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Jim ThompsonJim Thompson’s life story is one of success, achievement, and finally mystery because no one knows how it ended.Thompson was born in Delaware(21)_____ the east coast of the United States in 1906. After finishing high school, Thompson went to Princeton University and later studied architecture at the University of Pennsylvania. After graduation, Jim Thompson worked as an architect in New York City until 1940. Not long after this, he volunteered(22)______ (serve)in the U.S. Army. During World War II, Thompson gathered intelligence for the army in Thailand. It was this first taste of life in the Far East(23)______ changed Thompson’s life. He saw opportunities to develop tourism there, becoming(24)______ (involve)in an ambitious scheme to restore the Oriental Hotel.While the hotel plan fell through, by that time Thompson had hit upon another scheme that would eventually make him a millionaire. While traveling around Thailand, he came across(25)____ he considered exquisite(精美的)samples of handwoven Thai silk, a product that(26)_____(become)rare. He persuaded the weavers to work with him and marketed the silk in New York, (27)______ it became very popular. As a consequence, the Thai silk industry was revived(复兴)and the business made Thompson and some of the weavers very wealthy.With his success in the silk business, Jim Thompson continued his original interest inarchitecture on the side. He found six traditional Thai houses and had(28)_____ brought to Bangkok and reassembled there as one magnificent house. Today, not only is it a beautiful house inside and out, (29)______ it is also filled with the works of art Thompson collected.In 1967 during a holiday in Malaysia, he went for a walk in the Jungle and disappeared forever. To this day, noclues(30)____(find)as to what happened to this wealthy American businessman who is credited with single-handedly reviving the Thai silk industry.Section B10%Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be usedMentally and Intellectually HarmfulLast month, the Indian Medical Association declared a public health emergency in New Delhi because of high levels of air pollution. Schools were shut and emergency traffic restrictions put in place.New Delhi is far from alone. Our research into the___31___ of air pollution in China shows that, in addition to the more obvious physical price, air pollution can also have serious negative effects on mental health and cognition (认知),___ 32___ reducing a person’s happiness and their scores in verbal and mathematical tests.Such harmful mental effects have serious negative consequences for livelihoods and human capital development, suggesting that development___33____ should go beyond the traditional focus of boosting GDP in the developing world.India's recent pollution emergency is the most___34___ incidence(发⽣率)of dangerous air pollution, but smoggy skies have been a cause of growing___35____ in most developing countries.Major cities across the developing world---from Thailand to Brazil, to Nigeria---___36____ experience pollution at several times the WHO safe limits. In fact, 98% of cities with more than 100.000___37___ in low and middle-income countries fail to meet the WHO’s air quality guidelines.India’s extreme levels of air pollution are well recognized, and examining the effects provides clear warnings for othercountries seeking fast growth through rapid industrialization.We used nationally ___38___ longitudinal (纵向)surveys on mental health and cognition, matched with daily air quality data for the time and place of interviews, to see what pollution does in a given time to individual happiness and cognitive performance. Because each person in our survey was __39___multiple times, we can control for the effect of individual characteristics on the outcome variables.We found that worsening air quality led to a decrease in happiness that day__40___to about 10 percent of the reduced happiness one would experience form a negative major life event such as divorce.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A15%Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Globalization: Good or Bad?Globalization is defined in many ways .One simple __41__is that it is the rapid increase in inte rnational free trade, investment, and technological exchange. It is argued that this international trade has been one of the main causes of world economic __42___over the past half century. Although there is little doubt that the global economy has developed enormously in the last 50 years, some people believe that this trend has only benefited certain countries, and that others have suffered as a result.Improved income?An argument__43___globalization is that the benefits of increased international trade are shared among everyone in the country. An example of this is China, where per capita income(⼈均收⼊)rose from about $1400 in 1980 to over $4000 by 2000.___44____per capita income rose by over 100% in India between 1980 and 1996. It would appear that countries which open their doors to world trade tend to become___45____ .However, these sorts of___46__might not be giving a true picture. They are “average”, and despite the fact that there has been a substantial increase I n income for a small minority of people, the vast majority have only seena___47___improvement.More imports, more exportsSupporters of free trade point out that there is another direct benefit to be gained from an increase in international trade: exports___48___imports. Take coffee as an example. Countries which produce and export coffee import the packaging for it: a(n) ___49__ trade which enables commerce to develop in two countries at the same time.___50___ maintain that, in general, it is poorer countries that produce and export food such as coffee, and richer countries that produce and export manufactured goods such as packaging materials. Furthermore, it is the richer countries that control the price of good and, ____51___, farmers may be forced to sell their produce at a low price and to buy manufactured goods at a high price.___52___developmentFinally, globalization often___53___ a country to concentrate on industries which are already successful. These countries develop expertise(专门技能)and increase their share in the international market. On the other hand, those countrieswhich___54___ to support all their industries usually do not develop expertise in any one. Consequently, these countries do not find a world market for their goods and do not increase their gross domestic product(GDP).Anti-globalists claim that there is a serious problem in this argument for the ___55___ of industry. Countries which only concentrate on one or two main industries are forced to import other goods. These imported good are frequently overpriced, and these countries, therefore, have a tendency to accumulate huge debts.41. A. indication B. principle C. definition D. factor42. A. systems B. solution C. crisis D. growth43. A. in favor of B. on account of C. with regard to D. in honour of44. A. Fortunately B. Similarly C. Undoubtedly D. Unusually45. A. freer B. greater C. stronger D. wealthier46. A. figures B. descriptions C. countries D. benefits47. A. severe B. slight C. further D. general48. A. overtake B. qualify C. fight D. require49. A. two-way B. all-inclusive C. official D. legal50. A. Supporters B. Advocates C. Critics D. Authorities51. A. otherwise B. nevertheless C. therefore D. besides52. A. Global B. Industrial C. National D. Economical53. A. encourages B. restricts C. forbids D. forces54. A. stop B. continue C. fail D. refuse55. A. globalization B. transformation C. specialization D. identificationSection B22%Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe Harlem RenaissanceThe word “renaissance” means “rebirth”. The Harlem Renaissance took place during the 1920s. It was a time when the African American artistic community grew and flourished, producing a ton of work in a short period of time. The work celebrated African American culture and spoke to their experiences as minorities---both the good parts and the bad parts. After the Civil War, many African Americans left the South to escape unfair treatment and laws that discriminated against them. Between 1910 and 1920, massive numbers of black Southerners moved from the rural south into the urban North and West in the Great Migration. The African American population of Chicago more than doubled during that time! And in New York, African Americans flocked to uptown Manhattan, setting in a neighborhood called Harem. Forming a community within the big city let African Americans keep their cultural identity in a white-dominated society. It was a good thing, and a lot of important cultural issues were brought to light during the Harlem Renaissance. One of the most important figures of the time was the African American writer, W. E.B Du Bois. In his book, The Souls of Back Folk, in 1903, Du Bois wrote that African Americans suffered from something called “double consciousness”. They had their own self-image while they saw themselves through the eyes of white Americans. And performers like Josephine Baker and Paul Robeson brought African American culture to all New Yorkers. The Renaissance was so influential that “Harlem” grew into something of a brand name African Americans were pushing boundaries across all aspects of society. Black businesses began to flourish, creating a growing middle class, like Madame C.J. Walker, who tuned her cosmetics line into a million dollar empire. All together, the artists, and thinkers of this period helped mobilize the larger black population. Young African-Americans took advantage of improved access to higher education. This opened up new career paths and opportunities to attain advanced degrees. Perhaps most importantly, people---black and white---began the push for racial integration, planting the seeds of what would eventually become the civil rights movement of the 1960s.56. Why did many African Americans leave the South after the Civil War?A. To escape slaveryB. To find jobs in agricultureC. To avoid racial discriminationD. To gain citizenship57. How did W.E.B. Du Bois contribute to the Harlem Renaissance?A. He led to movement to return to AfricaB. He composed folk music based on African American themeC. He wrote plays about the African-American experienceD. He wrote about the struggle for African-American identity58. What can you infer about the economic status of African Americans prior to the Harlem Renaissance?A. Nearly all were unemployed at that timeB. The vast majority were considered lower classC. Most were regarded as middle classD. A large percentage were recognized as wealthy59. What actor allowed many more Africa Americans to pursue careers in fields like medicine and law?A. Spread of black businessesB. Access to higher educationC. Shift from agriculture to industryD. Push for unity among all Africans60. A traveler will enjoy a performance if he chooses ________.A. the Essential TourB. the Backstage TourC. Opera High TeaD. any of the tours61. Joining the Backstage Tour, a traveler _____.A. is allowed to wear sneakers when standing on the stageB. will have an opportunity to be the conductor of the orchestraC. can take his big family of 8 members to free breakfastD. can buy the discount ticket the day before the tour62. If a couple who travelled with their 17-year-old son joined the Essential Tour and had a meal of $150 there ,what would the lowest cost be if paid in cash?A. $203.25B. $214.5C. $225D. $239.25CA sensational new scientific discovery in the ocean near Australia may explain the most massive extinction of living things in Earth’s his tory. For years, scholars have been frustrated in trying to analyze why 90 to 95 percent of sea life and 75 percent of and life vanished about 250 million years ago. The extinctions were so enormous that they are called The Great Dying. To date, some authorities on ancient life thought that a volcanic eruption or a sudden change in the environment affected all life on Earth. Other specialists have doubted these theories, maintaining that it was not plausible that a solo volcano could bring about such chaos. From the outset, critics believed these claims were exaggerated.By contrast, there is wide acceptance of the idea that a meteor (流星)which hit Mexico’s Yucatan peni nsula 65 million years ago was the primary cause of the dinosaurs’ extinction. Nevertheless, until now they had no evidence of an intense meteor impact 185 mill on years earlier. Now they do.American geologists have been examining rock samples from a deep sea crater (⽕⼭⼝)near the northwest coast of Australia. The samples were initially collected and preserved by petroleum technicians seeking oil. Now the geologists and their colleagues believe that the precise splits in th e rock’s structure show a typical pattern for meteors. There is a clear distinction from volcanic patterns. In fact, a spokesperson went so far as to say that these rocks completely revise the way scientists perceive the mass extinctions from the ancient era. Academics say that the meteor’s crater s the size of Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain on Earth! Literally, the meteor made a mark on Earth as it drowned in the sea. The Earth could not absorb such a harsh blow without sustaining global devastation. Things must have come to a standstill. Evidently, the blow was fatal for many forms of life.Bear in mind that all this was long before mammals---including humans--emerged in Earth’s history. Still, we would be wise to pay attention to the damage a meteor can cause. Fortunately, meteor strikes on Earth are few and far between.63. The word “plausible” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to“______”.A. availableB. incredibleC. reasonableD. ridiculous64. Why didn’t the meteor affect human bei ngs?A. Because they were very resistantB. Because there weren’t any thenC. Because they lived in isolated areasD. Because they hid themselves in the caves65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Scholars agreed that a single volcano caused The Great DyingB. 75 percent of land life continued 250 million years agoC. V olcanic rocks and meteors have different patternsD. When the meteor hit land Mount Qomolangma sprang up.66. What is the best title for the passageA. The Dinosaurs’ EndB. Crater on QomolangmaC. Contradictory ClaimsD. A Meteor’s ImpactSection C8%Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Blind imitation is self-destruction. To those who do not recognize their unique worth, imitation appears attractive; to those who know their strength, imitation is unacceptable.In the early stages of skill or character development imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook. I used recipes and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. ____67______ Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.___68_____If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. _____69_____ Blessed is the person willing to at on their sudden desire to create something unique. Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation. The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them.____70_____The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not serve you. Then you can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors’ tragedies and declare victory, and know that they are cheering me on.”IV. Summary Writing 10%Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Better Memory Causes BoredomA new study shows that the better your short-term memory, the faster you feel fed up and decide you’ve had enough. The findings appear in the Journal of Consumer Research.Noelle Nelson, assistant professor of marketing and consumer behavior at the University of Kansas School of Business. She and her colleague Joseph Redden at the University of Minnesota tried to think outside the lunch box. “Something that was interesting to me is that some people get tired of things at very different rates. When you think about pop songs on the radio, some people must still be enjoying them and requesting them even after hearing them a lot. But a lot of other people are really sick of those same songs.” The difference, the researchers supposed, might have to do with memories of past consumption.The researchers tested the memory capacity of undergraduates. The students then viewed a repeating series of three classic paintings like The Starry Night, American Gothic, and The Scream or listened and re-listened to a series of three pop songs or three pieces of classical music. Throughout the test, the participants were asked to rate their experience on a scale of zero to ten. And the better a participant scored in the memory test, the faster they got bored.“We found that people with larger capacities remembered more about the music or art, which led to them getting tired of the music or art more quickly. So remembering more details actually made the participants feel like they’d experienced the music or art more often.”The findings suggest that marketers could cope with our desire for their products by figuring out ways to distract us and keep us from fully remembering our experiences. We could also trick ourselves into eating less junk food by recalling the experience of a previous snack. As for kids easily bored, just tell them to forget about it---it might help them have more fun.V. Translation 15%Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.⽐起节⾷，我宁愿多做运动来减肥。
2018年上海静安区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷
2018年上海静安区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷一、综合填空（共10小题，每题1分，满分10分）1、【来源】 2018年上海静安区高三二模第21~30题Uhoh, the new year's just begun and already you're finding it hard to keep those resolutions to junk the junk food, get off the couch or kick smoking. There's a biological reason why a lot of our bad habits are so hard to break-they get1（wire） into our brains."Why are bad habits stronger? You're fighting against the power of an immediate reward." Says Dr. Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse and an authority on the brain's pleasure pathway."We all as creatures are behaving that way, to give greater value to an immediate reward as opposed to2is delayed, " Volkow says.How this bit of happiness turns into a habit involves a pleasuresensing chemical named dopamine. It causes the brain3（pursue） that reward again and again strengthening the connection each time-especially when it gets the right hint from your environment.People tend to overestimate their ability to resist temptations around them,thus4（destroy） attempts to give up bad habits. Even scientists who recognize it5show weakness. "I know popcorn is not healthy. But every time I go to the cinema, I have to eat it, " Volkow says. "It's fascinating."A movement to pay people for behavior changes may exploit that connection, as some companies offer employees outright payments for insurance for adopting better habits.6well paying for behavior plays out, researchers say there are still some steps that may help fight your brain's hold7newly-established habits.Repeat, repeat, repeat the new behavior-the same routine at the same time of day. You decide to exercise. Doing it at the same time of the morning, rather than fitting it incasually,8（make） the striatum （终脑皮层） recognize the habit. Therefore, if you don't keep doing it, you will feel frustrated.Exercise itself raises dopamine levels, so eventually your brain will get a feel-goodhit9your muscles protest.Besides, try to reward yourself with10that you really desire. For instance, if you exercise all week or stick to your diet, you could try a fancy restaurant-safer perhaps than a box of cookies because the price inhibits the quantity.二、选词填空（共10小题，每题1分，满分10分）2、【来源】 2018年上海静安区高三二模第31~40题As the increased amount of carton dioxide in the atmosphere, heat stress, longer droughts （干旱）, and more intense rainfalls linked to global warming continue to upset our daily weather, we often forget they also1the quantity, quality, and growing locations of our food. Many foods have already2top spots on the world's "endangered foods" list, indicating their possibility to become scarce within the next 30 years.To start with what is3in many people's lives, we are disappointed to find that coffee plantations in South America, Africa, Asia, and Hawaii are all being threatened by rising air temperatures and erratic （不稳定的） rainfall patterns, which invite disease and invasive speciesto4the coffee plant and beans. The result? Significant cuts in coffee output.And Coffee's culinary cousin, cacao （aka chocolate）, is also suffering stress from global warming's rising temperatures. But for chocolate, it isn't the warmer climate alone that's the problem. Cacao trees actually prefer warmer climates as long as that warmth is paired with high humidityand5rain. However, the problem is that the higher temperatures projected for the world's leading chocolate-producing countries are not expected to be6by an increase in rainfall. Therefore as higher temperatures take more moisture from soil and plants, it's unlikely that rainfall will increase enough to make up for this loss.A notably nutritious plant, the peanut grows best when it gets five months of continuous warm weather and 20 to 40 inches of rain. Anything less and plants won't survive. That isn't good news when most climate models agree that the climate of the future will be one ofthe7including droughts and heatwaves.The world has already caught a glimpse of the peanut's future fate when last year a serious drought across the peanut-growing. Southeastern U.S. led many plants to die. According to a financial report, the dry8caused peanut prices to rise by as much as 40 percent!Finally, in the world of sea, as air temperatures rise, oceans and waterways absorb some of the heat and undergo warming of their own. The result is the9in fish population. Wanner waters also encourage vicious marine bacteria, like Vibrio, to grow and cause illness in humans.And that satisfying "crack" you get when eating crab （蟹） couldbe10as shellfish struggle to build their calcium carbonate （碳酸钙） shells, a result of ocean acidification.A. necessaryB. infectC. extremesD. refreshedE. spellsF. impactG. accompaniedH. sufficientI. shrinkJ. silencedK. earned三、完形填空（共15小题，每题1分，满分15分）3、【来源】 2018年上海静安区高三二模第41~55题"Don't get sick in July!"This is a common concern in teaching hospitals in the U.S. It's driven by the academic calendar: July is when the new interns, fresh out of medical school, start work. In other words, it's when everyone is most1. The theory is that this disadvantage leads to mistakes.So is medical experience good or bad? Well, in most cases, your doctor's experience is very helpful, allowing her to pick up on a（n）2symptom early in a disease process, when machines still can't take a hand. She can also determine the right treatment when your condition falls outside of what is in the3, where newbies get most of their ideas. For many medical treatment, there's a direct connection between physician experience and your treating outcome.In a variety of situation? though, experience can backfire. The reason issimple4. Doctors are humans too andthey5tricks of the mind-like believing that an ineffective treatment really works. In fact, entire fields of research are devoted to understanding why these errors of thought occur. They6from so-called cognitive prejudice that can misleadeven7practitioners into making the wrong decisions.Doctors are usually locked onto a diagnosis early and disregard newand8information. For example, a patient may be diagnosed with a quickly fatal cancer, but then ends up trying various herbal remedies and lives for 30 more years. Instead ofanalyzing the9diagnosis, the patient, and maybe even the doctor, may assume that the herbal remedies cured the cancer.Also, some experienced doctors tend to believe evidence when it supports their previous opinion while subconsciously ignoring information opposing it. Let's say your doctor is pretty certain you have ill digestion and orders a test to10the suspicion, which produces negative result. But she treats you for ill digestion anyway because she was11with the prior diagnosis by experience.In fact, there are clearly many benefits to having a highly experienced doctor, such as technical proficiency. But there may actually be some unexpected benefits to having a less-experienced one too. She may have a more up-to-date education, boundless energy and perhaps is less vulnerable to biases, freed from the same12for years.To safeguard yourself as a patient, one thing you should always do is13. It may not always be possible to determine that your doctor has met with ah unconsciousthinking14. But asking questions does force your doctor to think twiceand15her decision about your case.A. innocentB. productiveC. inexperiencedD. prohibitedA. slightB. objectiveC. complexD. sustainableA. psychologyB. traditionC. realityD. textbookA. psychologyB. educationC. procedureD. priorityA. take advantage ofB. make sense ofC. fall victim toD. play fire withA. springB. departC. benefitD. distinguishA. highly-motivateB. well-seasonedC. deeply-offendedD. wide-eyedA. moderateB. visibleC. conflictingD. permanentA. initialB. toughC. multipleD. privateA. evaluateB. operateC. confirmD. reviseA. preoccupiedB. labelledC. associatedD. concernedA. professional circleB. thinking patternC. academic backgroundD. operating orderA. investigatingB. questioningC. monitoringD. observingA. obstacleB. trapC. horizonD. struggleA. practiceB. accommodateC. justifyD. remove四、阅读理解（共11小题，每题2分，满分22分）4、【来源】 2018年上海静安区高三二模（A篇）第56~59题Last October I was on a diving holiday in the Philippines with seven other advanced divers. I dived off the boat slowly sinking to about 20m.After nearly 45 minutes, the sound of my breathing was drowned out by a low rumble like an engine and I felt deep powerful vibrations （震动） as if a big boat with a propeller was passing overhead. The dive instructor's eyes were wide with confusion too. We both swam next to each other staying close to the side of the reef （礁石） . The situation felt sinister.Then we were enveloped by clouds of white sand that mushmoomed up around us. Could it be a giant turtle （海龟） racing past us? They are normally slow movers so this was very weird behavior. The vibration became so intense that I could feel it in my homes and then the sound turned into a deafening roar. Suddenly, a few meters below us, breaks began forming and the sand was sucked down. That's when I got what it was. The noise was the sound of the earth splintering open and grinding against itself.The instructor and I held hands and looked into each other's eyes. I felt comforted by his presence. I was numb （麻木的） for terror but clear-headed. My body went on high alert, ready to react. But I have no power over whatever this is. The only option is to stay very still and let it do whatever its going to do.It took enormous willpower to resist the urge to swim to the surface, which is not sensible as situation on the surface at that time was ambiguous with potential threats pending. Soon we saw other divers.The sound and vibration lasted only two or three minutes and when they stopped I heard the swoosh of sand falling over the seabed. We all held hands before resurfacing to avoid decompression sickness, which can be fatal. When up, it was a huge relief to see all the divers and we all shared incredulous looks before pulling out our breathing tools and shouting, "What was that? "Back on the boat, we rushed to check the news and confirmed we had witnessed a huge earthquake, measuring 7.2 on the Richter scale. It released more energy than 30 Hiroshima bombs, though it seemed that we were not at the epicenter （震中） . I was high and felt lucky surprisingly not because of my recent survival miracle, but to have experienced nature at its most stunning and its most frightening.(1) How did the author realize that they met with an earthquake?A. By feeling the violent shake under the sea.B. By witnessing a normally-slow turtle quickly moving by.C. By seeing the seafloor crack.D. By checking the news and be informed of the event.(2) Why didn't the author rise to the surface before the vibration stopped?A. Because the instructor gestured him not to rise.B. Because he was numb in body.C. Because he could sense the unclear water situation.D. Because he tried to avoid unexpected danger above.(3) Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. At the beginning of the event, a big boat passed by causing big vibration.B. All the divers used the reef as the protection against the violent vibration.C. I felt relieved as the instructor was experienced in handling situations like this.D. Powerless to fight nature, I was tame when under the water.(4) Why did the author feel fortunate on the boat?A. Because he was not at the epicenter of the earthquake.B. Because he finally survived a huge earthquake.C. Because he could witness a rare natural phenomenon.D. Because he didn't suffer from decompression sickness.5、【来源】 2018年上海静安区高三二模（B篇）第60~62题Amazon is presenting to you our weekly bestsellers in the fiction section.Twilight WhispersLinked for years through friendship and intermarriage, the Warren and Whyte families find their charmed world marred when Mark Whyte and his wife Deborah Warren are murdered. Police detectives, hearing about TAL#NBSP dissension of the families, set out to examine the mystique behind their superficial rapport.Katia Morell, daughter of the Whyte's housekeeper, is drawn back to her growing place and is forced to face her life-long love for Jordan Whyte. As many secrets are uncovered, especially about Katia's biological father, the two young people from rival families are encountering fierce family objection in their search for happiness.The New ColossusNellie Bly, blessed with courage and reportage skill, lands two front-page stories on the widely-read newspaper, Joseph Pulitzer's NEW YORK WORLD.Pulitzer is so impressed that he assigns her to murder case confusion the police—the death of Emma Lazaru. Her investigation leads to tense encounters with some powerful and ruthless men of the time, when evils run wild on unregulated upper class. Bly has one real ally: a doctor who uses scientific techniques to establish criminal behavior. As the pieces fall into place, Bly uncovers layers of corruption （腐败） . The essential connection between the murder case and the prevalent greed and darkness of the society finally emerges.The Last Days of NightA young lawyer name Paul Cravath, takes a case that seems impossible to win. Paul's client, George Westinghouse, has been sued by Tomas Edison over a billion-dollar question: Who invented the light bulb and holds the right to power the country?The case affords Paul entry to the heady world of high society—the glittering parties and the dark dealings behind closed doors. The task is beyond daunting. Edison is a dangerous opponent with vast resources at his disposal—private spies, newspapers. Yet this unknown lawyer shares with his famous opponent a compulsion to win at all costs.In obsessive pursuit of victory, Paul receives favors from Nikola Tesla, a brilliant inventor holding the key to defeating Edison.Bones Don't LiePrivate investigator Lance Kruger was just a boy when his father vanished twenty-three years ago. Since then he's lived under the weight of that disappearance for over 20 years—until his father's car is finally dragged out from Grey Lake. It should be a time for closure, except for the skeleton found in the trunk. A missing person case gone cold has become a murder.For Lance, the investigation yields troubling questions about a man he thought he knew. But memories can play dirty tricks. For his partner attorney Morgan, uncovering each new lie comes with a disquieting fear that someone is out there watching, killing every witness tied to this decades-old crime.(1) In which way is The Last Days of Night different from the other three novels?A. In that The Last Days of Night exposes the evil and the dark dealings of the upper class life then.B. In that nobody is killed illegally in The Last Days of Night.C. In that the leading character in The Last Days of Night has got help from other characters.D. In that the leading character is born into a rich upper class family.(2) Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. In Twilight Whispers, the biggest challenge for Katia and Jordan is the long separation of time and space between them.B. In The New Colossus, the cause of the murder is rooted in the then corrupted society.C. In The Last Days of Night, Paul finally wins the law case because of his client Westinghouse's vast resources at disposal.D. In Bones don't lie, Lance Kruger's father was confirmed by the police as the murdered when Lance was a boy.(3) The underlined word TAL#NBSP dissention is closet in meaning to.A. financial worseningB. the loss of powerC. silenceD. conflict6、【来源】 2018年上海静安区高三二模（C篇）第63~66题If what we did were simply work to live, the reality of our everyday existence would be equivalent to that of stone age man. All of human achievement that makes modern life possible has happened because of the time that has been freed up from the work of everyday survival.For most of the human species on earth man and woman have been occupied with the simple business of staying alive in as much relative comfort as possible. Hunting and gathering, finding or building shelter, defending the little that one has from plunder （抢夺）, surviving long enough to have offsprings of a mature enough age to contribute to the welfare of the group—this was initially the main business of living. It has only been comparatively recently, since the agricultural and industrial revolutions that used emerging technologies to free human beings from the TAL#NBSP drudgery of day-to-day survival, that time has become available to do other than simply survive.However, living to work is a luxury that we should not take for granted, for even now still most of the human race couldn't be blessed with the pearl.When we live to work we enjoy what we are doing, otherwise we wouldn't be doing it. The term "live to work" implies choice. Working to live denotes the exact opposite: anything will do that pays the bills. Anyone in the latter situation will attest to the undesirability of being in such a position. Living to worksuggests exhilaration in one's calling; it summons images of freedom and excitement in the prospect of what each new day will bring, whereas working to live suggests little choice if any. "What do you want to do when you grow up? " is a question with which most children will be familiar, perhaps even bored. It is a question of what even a young adult can often not be sure of until they have had experiences of many different jobs, or at least the ones they thought to try. But to be forced to work at a task that one does not enjoy day after day for survival would be last choice on anyone's list. Enlightened humanity, while acknowledging that some undesirable jobs must be done regardless, would acknowledge that if one is motivated in his work, the work will be so much better accomplished.(1) The underlined word drudgery is closest in meaning to.A. imaginationB. hard laborC. draggingD. familiarity(2) It is implied in the text that human beings.A. have been satisfied by contributing to the welfare of the group.B. stayed alive in much possible comfort for centuriesC. made little progress before the emergence of technologiesD. were addicted to hunting, gathering and building shelters.(3) Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Human achievements facilitating modern life are done during the leisure time freed from survival work.B. The major early business of humans is to seek chances for technological developments.C. In modern society, most people have enough comforts to make individual choices for work.D. Most adults can answer confidently questions concerning what jobs they want to do.(4) The best title for the passage would be.A. Technology, a driving force to push humans ahead.B. Working to live, a basic condition for pleasant living to work.C. Different desires and prospects people have for different kinds of work.D. Working to live or living to work, a choice distinguishing joy from suffering.五、信息匹配（共4小题，每题2分，满分8分）7、【来源】 2018年上海静安区高三二模第67~70题Most people don't need science to appreciate the importance of a mother's love. But to understand how early maltreatment can derail a child's development requires careful study.In a famous research, Harry Harlow had demonstrated that proper psychological and physical development of infants requires nurturing and attention from a parent.1In that research, socially isolated monkey babies that were removed from their mothers were found to be clinging to a cloth-covered surrogate （替代的） mother for comfort.Such experimentations sound cruel. They, however, have.been critical in helping change policies in human orphanages （孤儿院） in the U.S. For centuries some orphanages treated infants equally inhumanely. Despite early evidence that orphanage infants were far more likely to die than others, supporters argued that it didn't matter whether children had "parents" specially devoted to them at the orphanage.2Orphans were supposed to be in positive mental and physical health until adoptive parents were found. Babies, they said, couldn't remember anyway.The harrowing consequences of these theories were most vividly brought to light in Romania in the 1980s and '90s. A ban on abortion （流产） led to a surge in orphanage babies. Simply being fed and changed without individualized affection, some babies present serious problems. Many developed violent behaviors, repetitively rocking or banging their heads. Some were cold and withdrawn or indiscriminately affectionate.3Their head sizes were especially small. They even had problems with attention and compression. The longer these children were left alone, the more damage was seen.The lack of a secure attachment relationship in the early years has destructive consequences for both physical and mental health later in life, with long-lasting effects. The persistence of these effects emphasizes the need to intervene early in life. The Nobel-prize-winning economist James Heckman, has long argued that investing in early childhood education provides a greater return for society than virtually any other type of spending. It is obviously reflected in increased educational success and productivity. The reduced crime, addiction, distress and disorder point to the same theory. Early life conditions critically affect adult life.4Remove it and the harm is great.A. The appropriate feeding and caring styles were greatly rewarded in all aspects.B. It was claimed that simply feeding and changing them would be adequate.C. Some, however, demonstrate little influence with roughly ordinary behavior pattern.D. Maternal attachment plays a fundamental role in shaping who we are.E. Necessities are not just the availability of food and water.F. And they simply didn't grow like normal infants.六、翻译句子（共4小题，每题2分，满分8分）8、【来源】 2018年上海静安区高三二模第71~75题Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.(1) 听到学校篮球队赢球的消息，我们都很兴奋。
2019上海虹口区高三二模英语及答案
虹口区2018学年度第二学期期中教学质量监控测试高三英语试卷2019.4 考生注意:1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写( 非选择题)在答题纸上,做在试卷上律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. At an airport.B. On a plane.C. On a bus.D. In a department store.2. A. He is suffering a pain in the neck.B. His roommate walks in his sleep.C. His roommate's bed is always in a mess.D. He doesn't like sharing a room with anyone.3. A. The woman was fully absorbed in the movie.B. The woman lost her way to the cinema that evening.C. The woman couldn't understand the movie very well.D. The movie was no better than what the woman had imagined.4. A. S160. B. S50. C.S120. D. SI50.5. A. He really likes his wife's new hairstyle.B. His wife didn't take his sensible advice.C. He didn't want to cut his wife's long hair.D. His wife often complains about everything6. A. Puzzled. B. Regretful. C. Angry. D. Relieved.7. A. A job offer.B. An entry form.C. An excellent resume.D. The position of system engineer.8. A. Mr. James talks a lot about gardeningB. Mr. James likes boasting of his cleverness.C. The woman is not interested in what Mr. James says.D. Mr. James isn't very straightforward in what he says.9. A. The elderly are expert at using appsB. The elderly don't know how to use apps,C. The elderly can help to develop smart apps.D. The app developers can't afford to ignore the elderly.10. A. Mr. Johnson's ideas are nonsense.B. He quite agrees with Mr. Johnson's views.C. He has his own opinions on social welfare.D. Mr. Johnson is skillful in expressing his ideas.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice. but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. In multi-cultural countries.B. In developing countries.C. In developed countries.D. In densely-populated countries.12. A. Lack of communication facilities.B. Temporary shelter.C. Power failure.D. No access to recreation.13. A. Features of different types of poverty.B. Approaches to poverty elimination.C. Changes in three poverty categories.D. Ways to calculate the poverty line.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Because of the course materials.B. Because of the discussion topics.C. Because of others' misuse of technology.D. Because of a rule the speaker made for his class.15. A. The speaker's history class received low assessment.B. The students think highly of the speaker's history class.C. The speaker made the rule because he was against technology.D. The speaker made the rule just because of his unpleasant experiencesl6. A. It may improve teaching and offer more help.B. It may allow students to get on well with each, other.C. It may distract students from being involved in class.D. It may help students to better understand complex themes.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. She bumped into a coffee table.B. She chatted with the cafe owner.C. She talked with someone she knew.D. She was listening to a lively debate.18. A. Newspapers were given out to customers.B. An entrance fee was charged for getting in.C. It was the meeting place for debating clubs.D. It was first started in Oxford in the 16th century.19. A. Partly right.B. Extremely interesting.C. Very unfair.D A bit unreasonable20. A. By providing free laptops for use.B. By making sofas comfortable to sit on.C. By engaging them in stimulating conversation.D. By transporting customers to various destinations.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Best Way of Losing WeightForget what the skinny movie stars and the TV adverts say - losing weight is hard work.(21)________ you do it through exercise, diet, or a bit of both, it's extremely challenging to lose those pounds and then to keep them off. Sometimes it can involve (22)________(change) huge parts of your day-to-day life and it can mean breaking decades-old habits.But it tums out there's one little thing you (23)________ do to help you achieve your goal and it's got nothing to do with food or exercise. The experts at Weight Watchers did research which shows many of their members were more successful and (24)________ (discouraged) when they shared regular updates on their new healthy lifestyle online. They found people who shared a diary of their daily lives with friends and followers were stimulated and inspired by positive feedback (25)________ they lost some pounds and kept them off.More than 50 per cent of people said the support of a weight loss community was crucial when it came (26)________ changing their eating habits and 53 per cent shared photos of their meals on social media. With this knowledge under their belts, Weight Watchers (27)________ (launch) a series of short films lately which show people recording their daily weight loss journey.One of the members who shared her journey was Danielle Duggins, and her video shows her enjoying a range of healthy meals and a few treats, while (28)________ (play) with her children.The company's marketing director Claudia Nicholls said: The support of a community has always proved to be an effective way of forming and sustaining healthy habits, but there has neverbeen an easier or more affordable way (29)________ (tap) into the power of the crowd for support and inspiration with the explosion of online communities. Weight Watchers owns a social community for members, Connect, ________sees over 14,000 daily posts in the UK alone, and provides our members with instant access to a community of people who are on similar journeys to them.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A. scaleB. engagedC. disastrousD. hotspotsE. targetF. victimG. interwovenH. inevitableI. continuous J. resolve K. riskyWhy Bike Theft Is Not Taken Seriously?For many people a bicycle is the only transport they can afford and it is very convenient for them to use. Therefore, the impact of the loss of their bike can be (31)________. But why is cycle theft so often seen as a minor crime?According to the police, 96210 bikes were stolen in 2018, and about one in 50 bicycle-owning households fall (32)________ to cycle theft each year. Those who can afford a second bike might have a beater"s.a cheap bike they leave in (33)________ areas, and can afford to lose but those who cannot make both ends meet, and live below the poverty line will find themselves cornered by bike theft.According to a survey for Bike Register, 50% of victims felt police didn't investigate the crime, while those (34)________ in cycle theft see it as 1ow risk in terms of being caught. Police recover just 3% of stolen bikes. In fact, the problem is almost certainly much greater: People often don't report it thinking there's nothing the police can do, so the full (35)________ of the problem remains hidden.Cycle crime hotspots were identified as Cambridge, Oxford, Southampton, Bristol, etc. Most cycle thefts occur near or in people's homes, but thieves also (36)________ transport hubs (中心，枢纽) and university campuses. In the meantime, the police have come up with a way to (37)________ the issue. Training 23 officers in regional cycle crime task forces is part of a national cycle crime strategy. (38)________ with measures like education on safe locking techniques, working with websites where more than half of stolen bikes are sold,and identifying cycle theft (39)________ and priorities.If a bike is stolen, there is about a 20% chance the victim will not replace it, losing their transport,exercise, and potential access to local communities and service. It is widely accepted that police's (40)________ effort is fundamental to a drop in cycle theft.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Technology is playing a vital role in preservation and ecology research. Drones (无人机) hold huge (41)________ in the fight to save the world's remaining wildlife from extinction. So researchers can now track wild animals through dense forests and monitor whales in vast oceans. It's estimated that up to five living species become extinct every day, making it urgent that universities develop new technologies to capture the data that can persuade (42)________ to act.The British International Education Association hosted a conference in January to (43)________ the importance of technological solutions in protecting vulnerable (易受伤害的) species and ecosystems.Speakers underlined how technology can help (44)________ : drones can circle high above the ocean to spot whales, while certain cameras can identify members of an individual species.According to Claudio Sillero, biology professor at Oxford University, technology is changing how preservation research is done but it's in a(n) (45)________ way, As technology gets better and cheaper, researchers become better at doing what they were already doing.(46)________, remote sensing used to be a very technical tool but is now widespread, and everyone uses global positioning system (GPS) for surveying.But teaching preservation and ecology courses in university and ecology courses in university (47)_______. Some teach drone surveying methods in depth while others don’t even mention them. “The fact is, using drones is quite a(n) (48)________ to the interdisciplinary (跨科学的) unknown of engineering, and potentially an area where lecturers may not feel confident to teach yet, Serge Wich, an expert in primate biology says. Students are taught about(49)________ technologies such as. automatic sound recorders, but drones are often missing from university teaching. Consequently, drone use among researchers is still fairly (50)________ and focused on getting photos. Wich's team of researchers used techniques to develop a fully automated drone technology system that (51)________ and monitors the health of endangered animals globally. It's designed to be cheap, stable and simple to use, so that. local communities in developing countries can operate it (52)________ without technical background. Yet it's not more widely used on the grounds of researchers" lack of skills to use this technology In biology, where drones are used, few can program an algorithm (算法) specifically for their preservation or research problem. There's much that needs to be done to (53)________ those two worlds and to make AI more user-friendly so that people who can't program can still use the technology." Wich says.(54)________, the sad truth is that better technology alone will not save any more species from dying out, Greengrass warns. As human populations increase, so do threats and pressure on wild places.Preservationists are (55)________ for not doing enough but it's. often an issue of people, conflict and governance. Technology may help provide far greater knowledge. but governments still need to act.41. A. shortage B. threats C. potential D. responsibilities42. A. researchers B. authorities C. opponents D. professionals43. A.highlight B. overlook C. assess D. calculate44. A. education B. preparation C. preservation D. distinction45 A. evolutionary B. flexible C. virtual D. dramatic46. A. As a result B. In conclusion C. On the contrary D. For example47. A. differs B. equals C. multiplies D. struggles48. A. obstacle B. leap C. equivalent D. exception49. A. ill-intentioned B. fully-prepared C. well-established D. narrowly-applied50. A. definite B. vague C. simple D. limited51. A. controls B. tracks C. supervises D. improves52. A. earnestly B. independently C. secretly D. impersonally53. A. bridge B. fix C. dismiss D. grasp54. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Otherwise55. A. fired B. insulted C. qualified D. criticizedSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read,(A)A Different Kind of Spring BreakFor many American university students, the week-long spring break holiday means an endless part ona sunny beach in Florida or Mexico. In Panama City Beach,' Florida, a city with a permanent population of approximately 36.000 more than half a million university students arrive during the month of March to play and party. making it the number one spring break destination in the United States.A week-long drinking binge is not for everyone, however, and a growing number of American university students have found a way to make spring break matter. For them, joining or leading a group of volunteers to travel locally or internationally and work to address problems such as poverty, homelessness,or environmental damage makes spring break a unique learning experience that university students can feelgood at.During one spring break week, students at James Madison University in Virginia participated in 15alternative spring break trips to nearby states, three others to more distant parts of the United States, and five international trips. One group of JMU students traveled to Bogalusa, Louisiana, to help rebuild homes damaged by Hurricane Katrina. Another group traveled to Mississippi to organize creative activities for children living in a homeless shelter. One group of students did go to Florida, but not to lie on the sand.They performed exhausting physical labor such as maintaining roving invasive plant species that threaten the native Florida ecosystem.Students who participate in alternative spring break projects find them very rewarding. While most university students have to get their degrees before they can start helping people, student volunteers are.able to help people now. On the other hand, the accommodations are far from glamorous. Students often sleep on the floor of a school or church, or spend the week camping in tents. But students only pay around$250 for meals and transportation, which is much less than some of their peers spend to travel to more traditional spring break hot spot.56. How many university students travel to Panama Beach City every March for spring break?A. Around 36.000.B. Around 50.000C. Around 00.000D. Around 10,000.57. The underlined binge word binge in paragraph 2 probably means ________.A. doing too much of somethingB. studying for too longC. refusing to do somethingD. having very little alcohol58. Which of the following gives the main idea of the third paragraph?A. One group of JMU students worked on homes damaged by a hurricane.B. Children living in homeless shelters enjoy creative activities.C. Some students work to help the environment on alternative spring break trips.D. University students do different types of work on alternative spring break trips.59. What is implied in this article is that ________.A. university students spend more than $250 for traditional spring break tripsB. university students complain about the accommodations on alternative spring break tripsC. university students may take fewer alternative spring break trips in the futureD. university students would prefer to wait until they have their degrees to start helping people(B)Cropping (修剪) an Image With the Snap Shot ProgramWelcome to the world of photo-editing!Cropping an image allows you to zero in on(对准) just the portion that is important to your project. For example, you may want to insert an image of a covered train in a report but may not want to include the whole train. Cropping the image allows you to select only the small area you wish to retain (保留) and eliminate all other portions of the original picture.Option 1: Cropping by Placing the Image in a ShapeUsing one of Snap Shot's standard shapes as a photo-editing tool requires no special abilities. To crop an image with a standard shape:a. Click Cropping & Orientation from the Effects menu.b. Click to select one of the six shapes to frame your image.c. on Use the mouse pointer to draw a frame around the portionof the image you wish to retain. Re-size the frame bydragging the shape's sizing handles. When you are satisfiedwith the results, click Cut It.d. Snap Shot will automatically return to the project that isopen.(You may also copy or cut the cropped image and paste itinto another application.)Option 2: Freehand Cropping of an ImageIf you want to trace the shape of an object in order to crop outeverything else, freehand cropping is the way to go. To crop an imagefreehand:a. Click Freehand Crop from the Cropping & Orientation option onthe Effects menu.b. Using the mouse pointer, trace around the shape you want to crop. Be sure to completely enclose the image by ending at the same place you began outlining.c. Click Cut It. Snap Shot will automatically return to the project that is open.60. The main purpose of the passage is to ________.A. describe the features of Snap ShotB. explain how to use Snap Shot to select sections of a pictureC. show that Snap Shot is an easy tool to useD. discuss how to use the features of Snap Shot61. To perform Option 2, one should first ________.A. select the imageB. use the mouse pointer to draw a frameC. select Cropping & Orientation from the Effects menuD. re-size the frame by dragging the sizing handles on the shape62. Why is freehand cropping discussed after cropping with shapes?A. To introduce a simpler technique before moving on to a more complex one.B. To proceed from a more useful technique to one with fewer practical applications.C. To order the options alphabeticallyD. To arrange the text, making space for the screen shots.(C)Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project.Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard patterns into which they report each day's events. In other words, there is a traditional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the standard patterns of the newsroom seem foreign to many readers. In a recent survey,questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middle-size cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area. Then residents, in these communities were phoned at random and asked the same questions.Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have. maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks, and they're less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, or put down roots in a community.Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite (精英), so their work tends to reflect the traditional values of this elite. The alarming distrust of the news media isn’t rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily conflict of world views between reporters and their readers.This is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly a declining one. Here is atroubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers. Then it sponsors lots of symposiums (讨论会) and a credibility project devoted to wondering why customers are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers, But it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class prejudices that so many former buyers are complaining about. If it. did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values,education, and class.63. What is the passage mainly about?A. Needs of the readers all over the world.B. Causes of the public disappointment about newspapers.C. Origins of the declining newspaper industry.D. Aims of a journalism credibility project.64. The results of the journalism credibility project turned out to be ________A. quite trustworthyB. somewhat conflictingC. very informativeD. rather shallow65. The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writer lies in their_A. working attitudeB. traditional lifestyleC. world outlookD. educational background66. Despite its efforts, the newspaper industry still cannot satisfy the readers owing to its _______A. failure to realize its real problemB. tendency to hire annoying reportersC. likeliness to do inaccurate reportingD. prejudice in matters of race and genderSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than youA. Hence, any concerns about wet hair are theoretical.B. In some cases, wet hair may actually be a helpful sleep aid.C. Over time, it can lead to breakages, as well as a loss of shine.D. There may be some mild risks associated with going to bed with wet hair.E. Another wet-hair rumor (谣传) is the idea that harmful bacteria will colonize your pillow.F. This idea seems to fit into the old bit of custom that getting yourself chilled and wet will cause you to come down with a cold.If you shower before bed, you've probably wondered whether sleeping with damp hair is a problem.Maybe you ve heard it could make you sick, or that it can damage your hair or skin.What's the truth? Let's address the it can make you sick myth first. “(67)__________” says Dr. William Schaffner, a professor of medicine. While this idea persists, Schaffner says it was long ago disproved. It's true that you’re much more likely to catch a common cold during the winter months. But this has to do with the ways respiratory (呼吸的) viruses spread, he says.(68)________ illness-causing bacteria and viruses don't appear naturally, and. so youre not going to make yourself ill by getting your pillow a little damp at night, Schaffner says. But there is a possible exception. Some research has shown that pillows especially those made with synthetic materials can contain asthma- or allergy-triggering molds(哮喘或致敏菌) and fungus, which tend to do well in damp environments, and so do dust mites, says Dr. Payel Gupta, a spokesperson for the American Lung Association.Gupta says there's no evidence that people who sleep with wet hair experience more allergy or asthma symptoms. (69)__________ But if you wake up with a stuffy nose, itchy or watery eyes, breathing problems orother allergy or asthma symptoms -or even if you don't you should wash your pillow cases and sheets inhot water at least once a week to reduce your exposure to any potential irritants (刺激物).When. it comes to the health of your hair and skin, there may be a few other reasons to worry about wet hair. Generally, it's thought not to be good for hair to sleep with it wet," says Dr. George Cotsarelis, a professor of dermatology (皮肤病学), (70)__________"It's also worth noting that almost anything you do to your hair from brushing and blow-drying it to coloring it or exposing it to the sum can damage it.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage inno more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.What comes first: the optimism or the good health?Optimism, defined as the general expectation that the future will be favorable, could provide ways to improve health, some researchers believe. But scientists remain unsure if optimism goes. ahead of health improvements, or vice versa.A recent study suggests that most people can't help but to think optimistically. This study was conducted by Ed o Brien, a social psychologist at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. The findings suggest that people have a natural tendency to think positively about their future.Participants were asked to create a list of imaginary personal experiences that would make them happy or unhappy over the course of the next year. They then ranked how difficult it was to plan that list and how happy they believed they would be in the future overall. The easier .it was for people to think of positive future experiences, the happier they imagined they would be. However, there was no relationship between easily developing negative future experiences and expecting to be unhappy as a result.O'Brien concluded that people seem to discount the possibility that future negative events will make them happy overall, suggesting that optimism might come more naturally. We're not as used to thinking about the future in terms of things that -are going to go wrong. O'Brien's study is one of many to find that people are consistently optimistic about their future, predicting pleasant experiences and discounting unpleasant ones. If optimism may lead to better health and people generally tend to think optimistically,what does this mean for the connection between mental and physical health? If we can make sure that optimism comes before healthy states, we might be able to involve and improve people s optimism, Boehm explained. However, it's difficult to determine what comes first: the optimism or the good health.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets .72. 看来小王并不满足于已取得的进步. (It)7З.除非你注意言行，不然你会发现很难与新同事和睦相处. (get along)74. 无论什么情况都绝不能饶恕那些企图在学术研究中弄虚作假的人，毕竟学习无捷径. (Never)75. 让教练倍感欣慰的是，队员们并没有因为球迷的吹毛求疵而垂头丧气，而是取长补短，更加努力地锻炼. (make up for)VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given be low in Chinese.请认真观察这幅图片，然后结合自己的生活实际写一篇发言稿，在班会上与同学分享你对该现象的思考。
2018上海普陀高三英语二模答案
2018上海普陀高三英语二模答案1、( ) ----Would you like___ tea? ----No, thanks. I have drunk two____. [单选题] *A. any, bottles of orangeB. some, bottles of orange(正确答案)C. many, bottles of orangesD. few, bottle of oranges2、It is important for us _______ English well. [单选题] *A. learnB. learningC. to learn(正确答案)D. learned3、Was（）that I saw last night at the concert? [单选题] *A. it you(正确答案)B. not youC. youD. that yourself4、98．There is a post office ______ the fruit shop and the hospital. [单选题] *A．atB．withC．between(正确答案)D．among5、Patrick bought her two handbags as gifts,but _____ of them was her style. [单选题] *A. eitherB. noneC. neither(正确答案)D. all6、Jack would rather spend time complaining than_____the problem by himself. [单选题] *A.solve(正确答案)B.solvedC.solvesD.to solve7、On Mother’s Day, Cathy made a beautiful card as a ______ for her mother. [单选题] *A. taskB. secretC. gift(正确答案)D. work8、For more information, please _______ us as soon as possible. [单选题] *A. confidentB. confidenceC. contact(正确答案)D. concert9、I like dancing, ______ I can join the Dancing Club.（）[单选题] *A. becauseB. so(正确答案)C. andD. but10、I?have to?_______ my younger brother on Sunday. [单选题] *A. look after(正确答案)B. look upC. take careD. look out11、He didn't allow _____ in his room. Actually he didn't allow his family _____ at all. [单选题] *A. to smoke; to smokeB. smoking; to smoke(正确答案)C. to smoke; smokingD. smoking; smoking12、I don’t like playing chess. It is _______. [单选题] *A. interestingB. interestedC. boring(正确答案)D. bored13、28．—Where is Fujian Province?—It’s ________ the southeast of China. [单选题] * A．in (正确答案)B．onC．toD．at14、The man lost his camera and he ______ it now.（）[单选题] *A. foundB. is findingC. is looking forD. looks for(正确答案)15、36．The students will go to the Summer Palace if it __________ tomorrow. [单选题] * A．won’t rainB．isn’t rainingC．doesn’t rain (正确答案)D．isn’t rain16、He always found it hard to satisfy himself. [单选题] *A. 控制B. 满足(正确答案)C. 了解D. 批评17、18．Monica wants to be a _______. She is good at sports and she loves teaching others. [单选题] *A．coach(正确答案)B．secretaryC．architectD．waiter18、_____, Martin can reach the branch of that tall tree at the gate. [单选题] *A. As a short manB. Being shortC. As he is shortD. Short as he is(正确答案)19、--I can’t watch TV after school.--I can’t, _______. [单选题] *A. alsoB. tooC. either(正确答案)D. so20、If you do the same thing for a long time, you'll be tired of it. [单选题] *A. 试图B. 努力C. 厌倦(正确答案)D. 熟练21、I usually do some ____ on Sundays. [单选题] *A. cleaningsB. cleaning(正确答案)C. cleansD. clean22、The sun disappeared behind the clouds. [单选题] *A. 出现B. 悬挂C. 盛开D. 消失(正确答案)23、The house is well decorated _____ the disarrangement of a few photos. [单选题] *A. exceptB. besidesC. except for(正确答案)D. in addition to24、It is reported（）three people were badly injured in the traffic accident. [单选题] *A. whichB. that(正确答案)C.whileD.what25、He’s so careless that he always _______ his school things at home. [单选题] *A. forgetsB. leaves(正确答案)C. putsD. buys26、Will you see to（）that the flowers are well protected during the rainy season? [单选题] *A. it(正确答案)B. meC. oneD. yourself27、Every morning John takes a（）to his office. [单选题] *A. 20-minutes' walkB. 20 minute ' walkC. 20-minutes walkD. 20-minute walk(正确答案)28、I hope Tom will arrive _______ to attend the meeting. [单选题] *A. in timesB. on time(正确答案)C. at timesD. from time to time29、( ) The salesgirls in Xiushui Market have set a good example______us in learning English. [单选题] *A. to(正确答案)B. forC. withD. on30、75．As a student in Senior Three, I must work hard．（）, I should take exercise to strengthen my body．[单选题] *A.OtherwiseB.Meanwhile(正确答案)C.ThereforeD.Thus。
12. 2018.5 浦东新区高三英语二模
2018.5 浦东新区高考英语质量抽查试卷(满分:140分考试时间:120分钟)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Challenges. B. Hobbies. C. Jobs. D. Experiences.2. A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Difficult. D. Amazing.3. A. Watching TV and videos. B. Replacing videos with TVC. Parents' involvement.D. Having baby sitters.4. A. A policeman. B. An accountant. C. A salesman. D. A bank teller.5. A. 7:40. B. 7:15. C. 7:20. D. 7:45.6. A. He will get someone to do it. B. She should do it herself.C. They don't have to do it.D. He will clean the desk right away.7. A. By bus. B. By subway C. By taxi. D. By car.8. A. He is not a good mechanic. B. He doesn't keep his word.C. He spends his spare time doing repairs.D. He is always ready to offer help to others.9. A. She has been having a sad day. B. She needs to take a day off.C. She wants to play basketball, too.D. She has been annoyed by the noise.10. A. The man isn't sure about the rehearsal.B. It's better for the woman to wear a costume.C. The woman would regret it if she wore a costume.D. It wouldn't make any difference if the woman did it.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. He qualified as a teacher. B. He became a student.C. He became a government researcher.D. He conducted a research on Zimbabwe.12. A. Children's minds are not used to the full.B. It is a great drain on children's time and energy.C. It highlights the flexibility of children's minds.D. It prevents children from seeking answers by themselves.13. A. To teach people to understand the world.B. To instruct people how to raise good questions.C. To encourage people to study as they get older.D. To inform people of problems in foreign countries.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To serve as a time killer.B. To cultivate people's reading skills.C. To promote the sales of some books.D. To encourage people to take public transportation.15. A. The stories are the short edition of some website articles.B. Users can choose the length and type of the stories.C. The stories are obtained by simply pressing a button.D. Users don't need to pay for the short stories.16. A. From the boring travel experience. B. From the love for short stories.C. From the positive feedback.D. From the snack vending machine. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. 5. B. 7. C. 8. D. 10.18. A. Because his friends don't get off work till 5 p.m..B. Because there will be more friends to go to the cinema on Friday.C. Because the film will be more popular than the Wednesday's.D. Because there are not enough tickets left for the 9 p.m. showing.19. A. Paying a deposit. B. E-ordering in advance.C. Paying right away.D. Collecting tickets one day ahead.20. A. The film. B. The date. C. The seating. D. The viewers.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into the London Zoo that a wild puma (21)__________ (spot) forty miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts decided to investigate.The hunt (22) _ the puma began in a small village where a woman (23)__________ (pick) blackberries saw "a large cat" only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being (24)__________ it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at (25)__________ place twenty miles away in the evening. (26)__________ it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Several people complained of "cat-like noises" at night and a businessman on a (27)__________ (fish) trip saw the puma up a tree.The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, (28)__________where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one (29) __________ have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing (30)__________ (think) a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beenjoys learning the rich variety of cultures in the world, and most likely has been exposed to more than one culture in his or her lifetime.You cannot motivate anyone, especially someone of another culture, until that person has accepted you. A multilingual salesperson can explain the advantages of a product in other languages, but a multicultural salesperson can motivate foreigners to buy it. That's a(an) (31)______ difference.No one likes foreigners who are arrogant (自大的) about their own culture. The trouble is, most people are arrogantly monocultural without being aware of it and even those who are can't hide it. Foreigners sense monocultural arrogance at once and set up their own cultural barriers, which may effectively (32)______ any attempt by the monocultural person to motivate them.Multiculturalism is a(an) (33)______ that has been neglected too often in hiring managers for international positions. Even if your company is not a multinational one, chances are you're in touch with foreign customers or manufacturers. Do you have the right employee to build up the (34)______?For 20-odd years, I've run an executive-search firm from Brussels. When clients ask us to find the right person for a new pan-European sales or management position, I start by asking them to (35)______ the qualifications their ideal candidate would have. Most often they list the same qualities they would want for a domestic position, but with the (36)______ requirement that the new manager be fluent enough in English, German and French to cope with faxes and email. It sometimes takes me hours to persuade clients that the linguistic(语言的) abilities they see as crucial are not enough.Of course, it's far more difficult to (37)______ candidates' multiculturalism than it is to check their language skills -- but it's also a far more important (38)______ to success. I remember a company that asked me to check out a salesman they were planning to send to Mexico. He'd studied Spanish, and had grown up in New York City - the most (39)______ diverse place in America. But when I interviewed him, he turned out to have no concept of the great pride Mexicans took in their culture, and moreover he was (40)______ about Mexican restaurants and markets being dirty and unsafe. I rejected him just as Mexican buyers would have if he'd been selected for the job.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Hailing from Sweden, "plogging" is a fitness craze that sees participants pick up plastic litter while jogging-adding a virtuous, environmentally driven element to the sport. Plogging appears to have started around 2016, but is now going global, due to increasing awareness and 41 overplastic levels in the ocean.The appeal of plogging is its 42 -- all you need is running gear and a bin bag, and the feeling of getting fit while supporting a good cause. By adding regular squats(蹲) to pick up junk and carrying 43 to jogging, we can assume the health benefits are increased.Running and good causes have always gone 44 -- just think of all the fundraising marathon runners do. But there couldn't be a more on-trend way of keeping fit than plogging.Anything that's getting people out in nature and connecting 45 with their environment is a good thing, says Lizzie Carr, an environmentalist who helped set up Plastic Patrol, a nationwide campaign to 46 our inland waterways of plastic pollution. "There's been a real (47) _ in the public mindset around plastics, helped by things like Blue Planet highlighting how disastrous the crisis is," she says.We need to keep momentum high and the pressure up, and empower people through 48 like plogging and Plastic Patrol.The Plastic Patrol app allows users to 49 plastic anywhere in the world by collecting discarded items, photographing them and 50 to the app, giving us a better knowledge of what sorts of plastic and which brands are being thrown out. "I'd urge all ploggers to get involved," adds Carr.Plogging isn't the first fitness trend to combine running with a good cause. Here are some of our favourites:Good GymIts idea is simple: go for a run, visit an elderly person, have a chat and some tea, and run back.51 among the elderly is a growing problem in the UK. With over 10,000 runs so far,52 , Good Gym is finding a solution.Guide RunningGuide runners volunteer their time to helping blind people get 53 . By linking themselves together, the 54 impaired individual can feel safe while both work up a sweat.55 for the HomelessStart-up Stuart Delivery and the Church Housing Trust collaborated last year in bringing clothing and healthy food to the homeless. Deliveries are mostly made by bike, so those who deliver keep fit while helping rough sleepers(无家可归者).41. A. satisfaction B. hesitation C. fear D. control42. A. complexity B. simplicity C. instrument D. expense43. A. substance B. responsibility C. value D. weight44. A. one on one B. head to toe C. hand in hand D. on and off45. A. positively B. neutrally C. objectively D. fairly46. A. accuse B. rid C. assure D. rob47. A. shift B. interest C. aid D. delight48. A. motives B. performances C. exercises D. initiatives49. A. eliminate B. map C. seek D. degrade50. A. leading B. devoting C. ending D. uploading51. A. Disappointment B. Tiredness C. Sickness D. Loneliness52. A. therefore B. moreover C. however D. instead53. A. excited B. ready C. active D. smart54. A. visually B. audibly C. visibly D. sensibly55. A. Running B. Plogging C. Driving D. CyclingSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In 1982, I had responsibility for Stephen Hawking's third academic book for the Press, Superspace and Supergravity. This was a messy collection of papers from a technical workshop on how to devise a new theory of gravity. While that book was in production, I suggested he try something easier: a popular book about the nature of the Universe, suitable for the general market.Stephen hesitated over my suggestion. He already had an international reputation as a brilliant theoretical physicist working on rotating black holes and theories of gravity. And he had concerns about financial matters: importantly, it was impossible for him to obtain any form of life insurance to protect his family in the event of his death or becoming totally dependent on nursing care. So, he took precious time out from his research to prepare the rough draft of a book.At the time, several bestselling physics authors had already published non-technical books on the early Universe and black holes. Stephen decided to write a more personal approach, by explaining his own research in cosmology and quantum theory.One afternoon, in the 1980s, he invited me to take a look at the first draft, but first he wanted to discuss cash. He told me he had spent considerable time away from his research, and that he expected advances and royalties (定金和版税) to be large. When I pressed him on the market that he foresaw, he insisted that it be on sale, up front, at all airport bookshops in the UK and the US. I told that was a tough call for a university press. Then I thumbed the typescript. To my dismay, the text was far too technical for a general reader.A few weeks later he showed me a revision, much improved. Eventually, he decided to place it with a mass market publisher rather than a university press. Bantam published A Brief History of 7ime in March 1988. Sales took off like a rocket, and it ranked as a bestseller for at least five years. The book's impact on the popularization of science has been incalculable.56. What suggestion did the writer give to Stephen Hawking?A. Simplifying Superspace and Supergravity.B. Formulating a new theory of gravity.C. Writing a popular book on the nature of the universe.D. Revising a book based on a new theory.57. Which of the following was Stephen Hawking most concerned about?A. Financial returns.B. Other competitors.C. Publishing houses.D. His family's life insurance.58. The underlined word "thumbed" is closest in meaning to ______.A. praisedB. typedC. confirmedD. browsed59. The greatest contribution of the book A Brief history of Time lies in ______.A. bringing him overnight fame in the scientific worldB. keeping up the living standard of his familyC. making popular science available to the general publicD. creating the rocketing sales of a technical book(B)Conventional wisdom may tell you that a master's degree from Harvard Business School in the US is the key to a Fortune 500 job, while the same degree from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, US, means a possible career on Wall Street.It seems that the graduate school you go to somewhat decides your future. And a recent New York Times article reveals the correlation between MBA (Master of Business Administration) graduates at certain US schools and career prospects.To work at AmazonRoss School of Business (University of Michigan)Amazon regularly hires more MBAs from top 10 business schools than big Wall Street firms. And a large chunk of American's employees are from Ross. Graduate Peter Faricy, vice president of Amazon Marketplace, says the reason behind this is that Ross' curriculum-related offerings, a problem-solving course for instance, are particularly well suited to Amazon.To work at McKinsey & CompanyKellogg School of Management (Northwestern)For an MBA, landing a job at McKinsey is like trying to get into a competitive business school all over again. However, Kellogg graduates perform well in the fierce competition. The school's MBAs are in demand at elite consulting firms, which hired 35 percent of Kellogg graduates last year, a higher percentage than at Harvard (23 percent) and Stanford (16 percent). To work at AppleFuqua School of Business (Duke)Silicon Valley hasn't always welcomed MBAs. However, two of Apple's top 10 executives come from Fuqua. Apple has hired 32 Fuqua graduates over the past five years, and provided 42 internships for Duke students.To start your own companyHarvard Business SchoolThe extensive resources Harvard has devoted to its entrepreneurial offerings in recent years are starting to show real results. By many accounts, it has surpassed Stanford as the top entrepreneurial hot-bed in the US.60. Which university offers students a course on various approaches to difficulties at work?A. Kellogg Schooi of Management.B. Ross School of Business.C. Harvard Business School.D. Fuqua School of Business.61. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. Consulting companies favor MBA students from Kellogg.B. Stanford produces the greatest number of business leaders.C. To work at Apple, MBA graduates have an advantage.D. Wall Street employs more MBAs from top 10 than Amazon.62. If you want to work in the area of hi-tech electronic products, you may choose to study in ______.A. Wharton SchoolB. Kellogg School of ManagementC. Ross School of BusinessD. Fuqua School of Business(C)"Two centuries ago, Lewis and Clark left St. Louis to explore the new lands acquired in theLouisiana Purchase," George W. Bush said, announcing his desire for a program to send men and women to Mars. "They made that journey in the spirit of discovery. America has ventured forth into space for the same reasons."Yet there are vital differences between Lewis and Clark's expedition and a Mars mission. First, they were headed to a place where hundreds of thousands of people were already living. Second, they were certain to discover places and things of immediate value to the new nation. Third, their venture cost next to nothing by today's standards. A Mars mission may be the single most expensive non-wartime undertaking in U. S. history.Appealing as the thought of travel to Mars is, it does not mean the journey makes sense, even considering the human calling to explore. And Mars as a destination for people makes absolutely no sense with current technology.Present systems for getting from Earth's surface to low-Earth orbit are so fantastically expensive that merely launching the 1, 000 tons or so of spacecraft and equipment a Mars mission would require could be accomplished only by cutting health-care benefits, education spending, or other important programs -- or by raising taxes. Absent some remarkable discovery astronauts, geologists, and biologists once on Mars could do little more than analyze rocks and feel awestruck (敬畏的) staring into the sky of another world. Yet rocks can be analyzed by automated probes without risk to human life, and at a tiny fraction of the cost of sending people.It is interesting to note that when President Bush unveiled his proposal, he listed these recent major achievements of space exploration pictures of evidence of water on Mars, discovery of more than 100 planets outside our solar system, and study of the soil of Mars. All these accomplishments came from automated probes or automated space telescopes. Bush's proposal, which calls for "reprogramming" some of NASA's present budget into the Mars effort, might actually lead to a reduction in such unmanned science -- the one aspect of space exploration that's working really well.Rather than spend hundreds of billions of dollars to hurl tons toward Mars using current technology, why not take a decade or two or however much time is required researching new launch systems and advanced propulsion (推进力)? If new launch systems could put weight into orbit affordably, and advanced propulsion could speed up that long, slow transit to Mars, the dream of stepping onto the red planet might become reality. Mars will still be there when the technology is ready.63. What do Lewis and Clark's expedition and a Mars mission have in common?A. Instant value.B. Human inhabitance.C. Venture cost.D. Exploring spirit.64. Bush's proposal is challenged for the following reasons except that ______.A. its expenditure is too huge for the government to afford.B. American people's well-being will suffer a lot if it is implementedC. great achievements have already been made in Mars exploration in AmericaD. unmanned Mars exploration sounds more practical and economical for the moment65. Which cannot be concluded from the passage?A. Going to Mars using current technology is quite unrealistic.B. A Mars mission will in turn promote the development of unmanned program.C. Bush's proposal is based on three recent great achievements of space exploration.D. The achievements in space exploration show how well unmanned science has developed.66. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Risky as it is. a Mars mission helps to retain America's position as a technological leader.B. A Mars mission is so costly that it may lead to an economic disaster in America.C. Someday people may go to Mars but not until it makes technological sense.D. A Mars mission is unnecessary since the scientists once there won't make great discoveries.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Retro GamingThere's no doubt that in today's digital world, computer games are extremely sophisticated and capable of creating virtual reality experiences that were unimaginable only a few years ago.So I am interested to see that the simplistic games that I grew up with, are making a revival. But Why?In the 1970s, the original place to play a computer game was at an arcade. Here, you and your mates could try out the new big names in games such as Space Invaders and Pacman. 67 And because of the technology involved, the gaming machines were too big to fit into your house.But in the 1980s and 90s, gaming arrived in our homes and people like me were addicted. The sound of beeping became a familiar sound emanating from bedrooms across the land! Names such as Tetris, Sonic and Street Fighter became popular language in the playground -- and now they are being talked about -and played again. One of the reasons is the low cost. The BBC spoke to gamer, Gemma Wood, who says that: 68 I understand that a lot of hard work has gone into the design etc., but how can anyone justify ₤50 to ₤60 for a game that you might not even enjoy?69 The graphics on old games may not compare with the detail and definition of modern games but they are fun and easy to use by children and adults alike. And of course, nostalgia plays its part. Some people want to relive their childhood while for others, it is a chance to show their children the computer games they grew up with.Technology journalist, KG Orphanides, says "it's important to recognize how well-designed many of those classic games are... the developers had so little space to work with-your average Sega Mega Drive or SNES cartridge had a maximum capacity of just 4mb-and limited graphics and sound capabilities. This compares to an average capacity of 40G in today's games. 70 This craze for using retro hardware and grabbing an old joystick is certainly catching on. And to persuade those of us who are not sure about downgrading the gaming experience, manufacturers such as Nintendo, are bringing back some of their older consoles in new style casing.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Every time there is a mass shooting, the debate surrounding guns tends to flare up in America. The abuse of guns has been a serious problem in the US all along, but why doesn't the US government just dismiss owning guns privately?The right to own a gun and defend oneself is central to American society. As early as the 1600s, when the first Europeans set foot on the continent of North America, they had to face a lot of dangers. They could only rely on themselves. Therefore, guns played a significant role in self-defense. Guns were also important in America's Independent War and the Civil War.Secondly, the American founding fathers believed that gun ownership was necessary for a truly free country. If the government distrusts the people and disarms them, then that government no longer represents the people. The Second Amendment to the US Constitution specifies that the American people cannot be deprived of the "right to keep and bear arms." So the sale and purchase of firearms are legal in the United-States according to law.The importance of guns is also derived from the role of hunting in American culture. In the nation's early years, hunting was essential for food and shelter. Today, guns are a vital part of hunting, which remains very popul.ar as both a sport and a way of life in many parts of the country. People spend time with friends, sharing the pleasure that the sport brings.For those reasons, when critics say guns mean violence, they miss a large part of the picture, and they misrepresent the complex nature of America's diverse gun culture. Most people who own guns privately, are actually part of the gun culture. They have rational and thoughtful reasons to own and use guns.V. TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 我们常常忍不住秒回刚收到的信息。
2018年上海金山区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷
2018年上海金山区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷一、语法填空1、【来源】 2018年上海金山区高三二模第21~30题10分Directions:Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.I was eighteen, summer fading, when my parents drove me to my university apartment. It was my first apartment.1(walk) my parents solemnly back to their car, I noticed that my mother had tears in her eye. I2(struggle) to hold back my own. Such a strong woman was she3it was rare to see such a show of emotion. At that time, I was rather surprised. Being the youngest of five children, I thought that my parents were accustomed to4(let) go. But maybe it's something that never gets any easier.567many practice swings you get. As my parents drove off, I realized that they would return to an emptyhome,8all of their children leaving to purse dreams and lives of their own. Their nest, full of love and joy for so long, was now empty. Relishing （憧憬） my new-found freedom. I concentrated on my college life. My parents did their best to give me space to learn and grow, even if I neglected to call or visit. It was a time of "first," and a taste of first "lasts".I have recently been playing Travel Frog, a mobile game that has meemotionally9(influence) . In the game you gather resources, send your frog on his adventure and your pay off is, *drum roll please*... postcards. That's right, postcards, I thought it was a silly, overly-simplistic game at first, but then it started to bring memories from long ago.While the game lacks the narrative detail or the interactivity of other games, you have alesson10(learn) from you itinerant （四处奔波的） "Frog Son". You do not control when he sets off on his adventure,11can you be sure that your hard work will land you a coveted （梦寐以求的） postcard. This game, however, has emotionally affected many players. They12(remind) of their parents who restlessly await their return home, their familiar voices, their love. Parents sacrifice a large part of themselves for their children. It is a sacrifice that can only be paid back with love.二、选词填空2、【来源】 2018年上海金山区高三二模第31~40题10分Can Indoor Plants Really Purify the Air?Plants are very important to human life. Through photosynthesis （光合作用），they transform carbon dioxide into fresh oxygen. They are said to1toxins from the air we breathe—but is this true?One famous NASA experiment, published in 1989，found that indoor plants can clean the air by removing cancer-causing pollutants like formaldehyde （甲酸） and benzene （苯） . Later research has found that soil micro-organisms （微生物） in potted plants also play a part in cleaning indoor air.Based on this research, some scientists say house plants are2air purifiers, and the bigger and leafier the plant, the better. "The amount of leaf surface areacan3the rate of air purification, " says Bill Wolverton, a former NASA research scientist who conducted that 1989 plant study.Other experts, however, say the4that plants can effectively accomplish this feat （功绩） is far from conclusive （毫无疑问的） ."There are no definitive studies to show that having indoor plantscan5increase the air quality in your home, " says Luz Claudio, a professor of environmental medicine and public health at the Icahn School of Medicine Sinai. There's no question that plants are capable of removing volatile （易挥发的） chemical toxins from the air "under laboratory conditions", according to Claudio. But in the real world—in your home or in your office space—the notion that putting a few plants together can6your air doesn't have much hard science to back it up.Most research efforts to date, including the NASA study, placed indoor plants in small, scaled environments in order to7how much air-purifying power they have. But those studies aren't really8to what happen in a house, says Stanley Kays, a professor of horticulture （园艺学） at the University of Georgia.In many cases, the air in your home9turns over—that is, exchanges places with outdoor air—once every hour. "In most instances, air exchange with the outside has a far greater effect on indoor air quality than plants, " Kays says.Many people may be disappointed by what Kays said, but the professor also made it clear that he believes house plants are10—they are not only pleasant living companions, but also provide a number of health benefits. Studies have shown plants can knock out stress by claiming the sympathetic nervous system （交感神经系统） , and can also make people feel happier. More research shows spending time around nature has a positive effect on person's mood and energy levels.A. evidenceB. significantlyC. completelyD. effectiveE. removeF. applicableG. beneficialH. environmentI. assessJ. influenceK. purify三、完形填空3、【来源】 2018年上海金山区高三二模第41~55题15分What the Scientists are saying…The first primate（灵长目动物）clonesFor the first time, scientists have used the technique that produced Dolly the sheep to clone monkeys. The Chinese researchers who produced the two macaques say that having access to genetically identical primates will be a huge1to medical research. It will give scientists a clearer understanding of genetic2by enabling them to compare animals who are identical except for one tweaked gene; when3drugs, it will make it possible to rule out the possibility that variations in outcomes are down to genetic4. But other experts have raised a host of5. The somatic call nuclear transfer （SCNT）（体细胞核移植）technique involves6 a cell nucleus to a donated nucleus-free egg that is then prompted to develop into an embryo（胚胎）. Although 23 species have been cloned in this way, primates have only been cloned before using a less complex embryo-splitting technique. Similar to the process that creates twins, it can only lead to avery7number of genetically identical individuals. SCNT canin8lead to a far larger number of clones, but in the Chinese experiment, the fail rate was very high. The team implanted scores of embryos, but only two monkeys survived beyond afew days.9to that is the concern that by cloning a primate species, the team has broken down a significant10on the way to cloning humans.Herbat remedy（草药疗法）dangerHerbal remedies such as St. John's wort and finsent may be11when used alongside conventional drugs, reports The Guardian. In a review of medical literature, researcher at Stellenbosch University in South Africa found several12of alternative treatments appearing to13with prescription drugs, resulting in potentially dangerous side effects. In one case, the autopsy （解剖）of a 55-year-old who died while swimming concluded that the ginkgo biloba supplements he had been taking mayhave14his anti-seizure（防治发作）medicine. Other cases documented patients on statins（他汀类药物）appearing to suffer complication linked to flaxseed, St. John's wort and green tea. "If you are taking herbal remedies, you should15it to your clinician, " said one of the report's authors, Dr Charles Awortwe.A. threatB. damageC. benefitD. potentialA. variationsB. diseasesC. structuresD. factorsA. manufacturingB. applyingC. testingD. prescribingA. messB. differencesC. lossesD. recombinationA. concernsB. focusesC. fundsD. suspicionA. translatingB. transferringC. connectingD. reversingA. magnificentB. astonishingC. limitedD. accurateA. theoryB. realityC. advanceD. additionA. AttachedB. RelatedC. ComparedD. AddedA. accessB. keyC. barrierD. contributionA. harmfulB. usefulC. helpfulD. purposefulA. methodsB. figuresC. problemsD. instancesA. dealB. interactC. mixD. identifyA. put forwardB. move upC. hold downD. carry onA. claimB. avoidC. classifyD. mention四、阅读理解4、【来源】 2018年上海金山区高三二模第56~59题8分Staying up late is a potential battle between parents and kids. But the solution could be as simple as changing your meal time.Researchers at the University of Surry, UK, found that delaying meals could help change one of the internal body clocks. Besides a "master"clock in the brain, there are clocks in other parts of the body. They are usually synchronized according to factors including light.During the study, researchers tested 10 participants to examine the effect of changing meal times on their body clocks. The participants were given three meals-breakfast, lunch and dinner. In the first stage, participants received breakfast 30 minutes after walking. Lunch and dinner followed, after 5-hour intervals. In the second stage, each meal was delayed by 5 hours. Right after each stage, blood and fat samples were collected.Results showed that later meal times greatly influenced blood sugar levels. A 5-hour delay in meal times caused a 5-hour delay in the internal blood sugar rhythms.The discovery showed that meals times are in the line with the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.This is a small study but the researchers believe the findings could help jet lag sufferers and night-shift workers.In a study by the University of Surrey in 2013, researchers explored what happened when a person' body was changed from a normal pattern to that of a night-shift worker's.After people work through the night, over 97 percent of the body's rhythmic genes are disrupted.These findings explain why we feel so bad following a long flight, or after working at night, according to Simon Archer, one of the study's researchers."It's like living in a house. There's a clock in every room in the house and in all of those rooms those clocks are now disrupted, which of course leads to chaos in the household, " fellow researcher DcrkJan Dijk told the BBC.Changing meal times didn't affect the"master" body clock-the one controlling when we get sleepy—but it can reset the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.This wouldn't necessarily cure jet lag completely, but it might reduce the negative effects.A study published earlier this year suggested that just a weekend camping trip could be enough to reset our body clocks. And now this latest research shows regular food schedules could play a key part too.(1) What did researchers at the University of Surrey find from their new study？A. Connections between the "master" clock and clocks in other parts of the body.B. Changing meal times can be enough to reset one of our body clocks.C. A delay in meal times causes an irregular change in blood sugar rhythms.D. Blood sugar levels are affected by when we eat rather than by our internal clocks.(2) Which of the following statements is TRUE about the new study, according to the article?A. The interval between each meal being given was different.B. Blood and fat samples of the two groups of participants were collected.C. Participants were asked to report their feeling after each stage.D. Each meal was served five hours later during the second stage.(3) What can we learn from the study by researchers at the University of Surrey from 2013?A. All our body's genes would be disrupted if we worked through the night.B. Our genes often become less active after a long flight or night of work.C. The disruption of one gene could lead to the disruption of other genes.D. A disruption to the body's rhythmic genes can cause people to feel bad.(4) According to the article,.A. it's impossible to reduce the negative effects caused by jet lag or night workB. there is more than one way to reset body clocksC. the "master" body clock controls all the other body clocksD. a change in meal times can reset the "master" body clock5、【来源】 2018年上海金山区高三二模（B篇）第60~62题6分Canada Apprentice （学徒） Loan BasicsThe Canada Apprentice Loan is available to help registered Red Seal apprentices cover the cost of their training.What you need to know• The Government of Canada offers apprentices registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program up to ＄4, 000 per period of technical training.• You can get Canada Apprentice Loans for up to 5 periods of technical training.• Your loan will be interest-free for up to 6 years as long as you are confirmed as being registered in a Red Trade apprenticeship program.• You do not have to make any loan payments as long as your loan is in interest-free status. Eligibility （资格）To be eligible, you must meet all of these criteria:• be a Canadian Citizen, Permanent Resident, or Protected Person:• be registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program that is designated by the province or territory where you are registered as an apprentice:• be enrolled in block release technical training or the equivalent fulltime technical training with an approved technical training provider;• pass a credit check (required if you are applying for the first time) .You are not eligible if you:• are a high school student;•are an apprentice registered in the province of Quebec;• are receiving a Canada Student Loan for the same technical training;•have been told that you are restricted from receiving a Canada Apprentice Loan or a Canada Student Loan;• have already received funding for 5 periods of technical training;• Have already received 6 years of interest-free status.(1) Who will fail to get Canada Apprentice Loan according to the passage？A. An apprentice who used to study in the province of Quebec.B. An apprentice who got the Canada Citizenship three years ago.C. An apprentice who is looking for an approved technical training provider.D. An apprentice who has been funded for technical training three times.(2) Which of the following statement is False according to the passageA. You can get the loan without paying the interest.B. You can totally get the loan of $20, 000 in 5 periods.C. You should be registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program.D. You have to make some loan payment even though your loan is in interest-free status.(3) The purpose of the passage is ingended to.A. Promote the business of Canada banksB. Help students in need complete their studiesC. Recruit more apprentices for Canadian companiesD. Provide apprentice with fund to receive technical training6、【来源】 2018年上海金山区高三二模（C篇）第63~65题8分The battle for women's right to vote One hundred years ago, British women were given the right to vote for the first time. How did it come about?The first appeals for women's right to vote in Britain date from the early 19th century. In 1818, in his plan of parliamentary Reform, Jeremy Bentham insisted that women should be given the vote. Women at the lime had no political right at all—they were deemed to be represented by their husbands or fathers. The old argument prevailed. Women, it was said, were menially less able than men: their " natural sphere" was in the home; they were unable to fight for their country, and thus undeserving of full rights; moreover, they simply didn't want the vole. This was at least partly true. "I have never felt the want of a vote, '' declared Florence Nightingle in 1867，while queen Victoria condemned the "mad, wicked folly of woman's right." Even George Eliot was reluctant to back the cause.It wasn't until the second half of the 19th century that the first campaigning women's groups were formed. Initially they focused on the lack of education, employment opportunities and legal rights for women （married women, at the time, had no independent legal standing）, but the question of the vote gradually became central to their demands-both symbolically, as a recognition of women's rights, and practically, as a means of improving women's lives.However, the women's campaigning was still a subject of debate. While most historians agree that campaigns were initially very effective in mobilizing women and highlighting injustices, a series of mass processions followed; more than 250, 000 women protested in Hyde Park in 1908．many were arrestedand ill-treated; prisoners who went on hunger strike were brutally force-fed. Over time they became steadily more militant—smashing shop windows, setting fire to letter boxes, libraries and even homes. The PM, Herbert Asquith, an opponent of women's votes, was attacked with a dog whip. Such use of violence was thought, certainly at the time, to have been unfavorable.With the sacrifice of the First World War strengthening support for widening the right to vote generally, women suspended campaigning. More than a million women were newly employed outside the home--in munitions （军需品） factories, engineering works. Crucially, Asquith was replaced as PM by David Lloyd George, a supporter of votes for women. The representation of the People Act 1918 was introduced by the coalition government and passed by a majority of 385 to 55, gaining the Royal Assent on 6 February 1918．Women over 30, who were householders or married to one, or university graduates, were given the vote.(1) Which of the following is NOT the reason why women were not qualified to vote?A. Women were supposed to do housework and serve their husbands.B. Women were too weak to fight against enemies.C. Women had already enjoyed many political rights.D. Women were not as intelligent as men.(2) According to the passage, why did women's campaigning arouse debate?A. Because it failed to mobilize women and emphasize injustices.B. Because women were put in prison and abused during the protest.C. Because most women didn't want the vote.D. Because all the emotional behaviors were regarded as improper.(3) The word "militant" （in Line 5, Para. 4） probably refers to.A. imposingB. extremeC. negativeD. obedient(4) What can be inferred from the passage?A. Women stopped protesting for their vote because they were offered more job opportunities.B. The PM, Herbert Asquith, an opponent of women's votes, committed suicide.C. The first campaign women groups were formed originally for the sake of legal rights.D. All women can enjoy their rights to vote since the introduction of People Act.五、信息匹配7、【来源】 2018年上海金山区高三二模第67~70题8分No one enjoys the moment. You are stuck at the back of a queue and as those in other lines move ahead and get served, the time to decide arrives.1.This question has now been solved by researchers at Harvard ard Business School. According to what they have found in a new study, they suggest people think twice before switching queues.The research was led by Ryan Buell, an expert in service management. He looked into consumer queuing behavior after working with economists on what is known as "last-place aversion." the discomfort people feel when they earn less than others or consider themselves at the bottom of the social pile for some other reason. As a result of this aversion to being the last, when a person finds himself at the end of a queue, he can make decisions that he will later regret.Buell began by observing people at a multi-checkout grocery store and then set up an online survey. People who look part in the survey were told it would take about five minutes. In reality, it took only one minute, but when participants logged in for the survey, they were forced to wait in a virtual queue displayed on the screen. They started at the back and could wait, switch to a second queue or choose to leave.2On average, however, those who switched waited 10 percent longer than if they had stayed put. Those who switched twice ended up waiting 67 percent longer than if they had never moved."When we join a queue, we tend to make the most rational choice we can, which means joining the shortest queue.3unfortunately, we can often get it wrong." said Buell.4After that, the aversion fades. The researcher suggests people have a chat with the person in front so that they can pass the time more comfortably until someone else joins behind them. "Remember that the person in front of you was the last until you arrived, so someone will show up if you hang around long enough, " Buelle said.A. If we see a line moving faster, we might switch without having enough extra information.B. About one in five people grew impatient at the back of the queue and switched to the other line in the hope of speeding things up.C. Do you hold your nerve and stay put, switch to another line in the hope it moves faster, or give up altogether?D. Based on his study, Buell says people should think hard about switching queues when they are the last in a line.E. In an unpublished working paper on the research, Buell notes that people tend lo feel unhappiest at the back of a queue for the first 10 seconds or so.F. Although the number of people behind you has nothing to do with how long you are going to wait, it shapes your behavior.六、阅读简答8、【来源】 2018年上海金山区高三二模第71题10分Directions:Read the following passage Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Conflict of the OrdersAs technology grows, many university instructors are finding ways to guide online learning platforms into their classrooms. Programs such as Blackboard, WebCT and Moodle allow teachers to post reading assignments, PowerPoint presentations, lecture notes and quizzes for students tocomplete outside of class. While posting lessons online can be friendly to students' communication styles and easily accessible, they also cause disadvantages.One disadvantage is that it may encourage students to depend on technology in the classroom. Instead of physical textbooks, many no bring cellphones to access materials during class discussions. While electronic devices can be valuable learning tools, they also can lead to distractions from learning, such as social networking and online games. It is extremely difficult for students being exposed to multiple electronic tasks to focus or remember key information.A second disadvantage is that online lessons open up potential for cheating. Many instructors require students to complete quizzes, post within discussion groups or submit major assignments online. As a result, there are some students having someone else complete their assignments. A contributing factor is that online assignments are best suitable for those self-motivated, self-directed students. Students who struggle with organization and completing assignments may fined it easy to cheat online.In spite of these disadvantages, educators can take steps to make sure students use online lessons responsibly. If instructors are uncomfortable with electronic devices in the classroom, they can require students to print out assignments and readings to reference during sessions. To prevent cheating, teachers can use online assignments as a supplement to traditional in-class work, or create open-ended assignmentsrather than using assignments like multiple-choice quizzes that have only one right answer. Being familiar with what the platform looks like from a student perspective also can help instructors avoid potential pitfalls.七、翻译句子9、【来源】 2018年上海金山区高三二模第72~75题8分Directions:Translate the followine sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.(1) 多参加志愿者活动，它能使你成为更好的人。
2018年上海嘉定区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷
2018年上海嘉定区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷一、语法填空（共10小题，每题1分，满分10分）1、【来源】 2018年上海嘉定区高三二模第21~30题10分Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word. fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Stephen Hawking： Science's Brightest StarHis family released a statement in the early hours of Wednesday morning confirming his death at his home in Cambridge.Hawking, s children, Lucy, Robert and Tim, said in a statement:" We are deeply saddened that our beloved father passed away today. He was a great scientist and an extraordinaryman1work and legacy will live on for many years."For fellow scientists and loved ones, it was Haw king's intuition and wicked sense ofhumo2marked him out as much as the fierce intellect that, coupled with his illness, came to symbolize3unbounded possibilities of the human mind. Hawking was driven to Wagner, but not the bottle, when he4（diagnose）with motor neurone disease in 1963 at the age of 21．Doctors expectedhim5（live） for only two more years. But Hawking had a form of the disease that progressed more slowly than usual. He survived for more than half a century.Hawking once estimated he worked only 1, 000 hours during his three undergraduate years at Oxford. In his finals, he came close6 a first- and second-classdegree.7（convince） that he was seen as a difficult student, he told his examiners that if they gave him a first he would move to Cambridge to pursue his phD. Award a second and he threatened to stay. They opted for a first.Those who live in the shadow of death are often those who live most. For Hawking, the early diagnosis of his terminal disease, and8（witness） the death from leukemia of a boy he knew in hospital, aroused a fresh sense of purpose. "9there was a cloud hanging over my future, I found, to my surprise, that I was enjoying life in the present more than before. I began to make progress with my research," he once said. Taking up his career in earnest, he declared: "My goal is simple. It is a complete understanding of the universe, why it is10it is and why it exists at all."二、选词填空（共10小题，每题1分，满分10分）2、【来源】 2018年上海嘉定区高三二模第31~40题10分2018年上海长宁区高三二模第31~40题10分He is kindlyThe other evening at a dancing club a young man introduced me to Mr. and Mrs. F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Scott seemed to have changed a lot from the first time I met him at Princeton, when he was an eager undergraduate trying his best to1himself into a great author. He is still trying hard to be a great author. He is at work now on a novel which his wife2me is far better than This Side of Paradise, but like most of our younger novelists he findsit3to produce a certain number of short stories to make the wheels go around. That The Vegetable, his play, did not receive a Manhattan presentation seems to have disappointed rather than discouraged him. He is still4light-hearted.I have always considered him the most brilliant of our younger novelists. Not one of them can tough his style, nor the superb quality of his satire （讽刺）. He has yet to put them in a novel with carefulness of conception and5of character. He can become almost any kind of writer that his peculiarly restless character will6.Born in St. Paul, he attended Princeton, served in the Army, wrote his first novel in a training camp, achieved fame and fortune, married a Southern girl, has a child and lives in New York. At heart, he is one of the kindliest of the younger writers. Artistry means a great deal to F. Scott Fizgerald, and into his own best work he7great efforts. He demands this in the work of others, and when he does not find it he criticizes with passionate earnestness. I have known him, after reading a young fellow-novelist's book, to take what must have been hours of time to write him a lengthy,careful8.Just what he will write in the future remains9. With a firmer reputation than that of the other young people, he yet seems to me lo have achieved rather less than Robert Nathan and rather more than Stephen Vincent Benet, Cyril Hume. His coming novel should mean a definite prediction for future work. It is to be hoped that from it will be10the seemingly unavoidable modern girls.A. analysisB. usuallyC. assuresD. poursE. developmentF. necessaryG. cloudyH. absentI. cultivateJ. allowK. extremely三、完形填空（共15小题，每题1分，满分15分)3、【来源】 2018年上海嘉定区高三二模第41~55题15分Standards for Schools： Developing Organizational Accountability（绩效）Quality teaching depends on not just teacher's knowledge and skills but on the environment in which they work. Schools need to offer a coherent curriculum focused on higher-order thinking and performance across subject areas and grades, time for teachers to work1with students to accomplish challenging goals, opportunities for teachers to plan with and learn from one another, and regular occasions to evaluate the outcomes of their2.If schools are to become more responsible, they must, like other professional organizations, make evaluation and assessment part of their everyday lives. Just as hospitals have standing committees of staff that meet regularly to look at evaluation data and discuss the3of each aspect of their work – a practice reinforced by their accreditation （评定） requirements, - schools must have regular occasions to examine their practice and effectiveness.As Richard Rothstein and colleagues describe in Grading Education： Getting Accountability Right, school-level accountability can be supported by school4, like those common in many other nations, in which trained experts evaluate schools by spending several days visiting classrooms,5samples of student work, and interviewing students about their understanding and their experiences,6looking at objective data such as test scores, graduation rates, and so on. In some cases, principals accompany the inspectors into classrooms and are asked for their own evaluations of the lessons. In this way, the inspectors are able tomake7about the instructional and supervisory competence （能力） for principals. As described earlier, inspectors may also play a role in ensuringthe8and comparability of school-based assessments （as in England and Australia）, as well as school's internal assessment and evaluation process （as in Hong Kong）.In most countries' inspection systems, schools are rated on the quality of instruction and other services and supports, as well as students'9and progress on a wide range of aspects, including and going beyond academic subject areas, such as extra-curricular, personal andsocial10, the acquisition of workplace skills andthe11to which students are encouraged to adopt safe practices anda12lifestyle. Schools are rated as to whether they pass inspection, need modest improvements, or require serious intervention （介入）, and they receive extensive feedback on what the inspectors both saw and13. Reports are publicly posted. Schools requiring intervention are then given more expert14and support, and are placed on a more frequent schedule of visits. Those that persistently fail to pass may be placed under local government control and could be15if they are not improved.A. occasionallyB. closelyC. strictlyD. peacefullyA. challengesB. competenceC. curriculumD. practicesA. effectivenessB. faultsC. progressD. requirementsA. instructionB. protectionC. inspectionD. considerationA. takingB. improvingC. examiningD. copyingA. as far asB. rather thanC. other thanD. as well asA. judgmentsB. decisionsC. inquiriesD. suggestionsA. quantityB. qualityC. instructionD. supportA. educationB. performanceC. attentionD. interestA. responsibilityB. structureC. resourcesD. benefitsA. frequencyB. consistenceC. satisfactionD. extentA. comparableB. healthyC. differentD. uniqueA. appreciatedB. criticizedC. recommendedD. rewardedA. attentionB. programsC. evaluationD. explanationsA. set downB. put downC. closed downD. pulled down四、阅读理解（共11小题，每题2分，满分22分)4、【来源】 2018年上海嘉定区高三二模第56~59题8分（A）Eye Scan Technology Comes to SchoolsABC News： Parents who want to pick up their kids at school in one New Jersey district now can submit to iris （虹膜） scans, as the technology that helps keep our nation's airports and hotels safe begins to make its way further into American lives.The Freehold Borough School District launched this high-tech securitysystem on Monday with funding from the Department of Justice as part of a study on the system's effectiveness.As many as four adults can be authorized to pick up each child in the district, but in order to be authorized to come into school, they will be asked to register with the district's iris recognition security and visitor management system. At this point, the New Jersey program is not a must.If someone tries to slip in behind an authorized person, the system causes an alarm and red flashing lights in the front office. The entire process takes just seconds.This kind of technology is already at work in airports around the country like Orlando International Airport, where the program has been in operation since July. It has 12, 000 subscribers who pay ＄79.95 for the convenience of submitting lo iris scans rather than going through lengthy security checks.An iris scan is said to be more accurate than a fingerprint because it records 240 unique details—far more than the seven to twenty-four details that are analyzed in fingerprints. The chances of being misidentified by an iris scan are about one in 1.2 million and just one in 1.44 trillion if you scan both eyes.Phil Meara, the Freehold District official said that although it was expensive, the program would help schools across the country move into a new frontier in child protection. "This is all part of a larger emphasis, here in New Jersey, on school safety, " he said. "We chose this school because we were looking for a typical slightly urban school to launch the system."Meara applied for a ＄369, 000 grant on behalf of the school district and had the eye scanners installed in two grammar schools and one middle school. So far, 300 of the nearly 1, 500 individuals available to pick up a student from school have registered for the eye scan system.(1) Why does the Freehold Borough School District adopt the eye scan security system?A. To ensure the school safety and efficiency of picking up children.B. To encourage more students to register in New Jersey urban schools.C. To test the effectiveness of school security and management system.D. To collect the information of the children and their beloved parents.(2) What makes the eye scan system more accurate than the fingerprint system?A. Processing the data of the authorized people taster.B. Identifying the data of the adults to pick up children.C. Submitting the data of the authorized people conveniently.D. Providing far more unique details of the authorized ones.(3) How does Phil Meara help to protect the safety of children?A. By asking people to register with the security system.B. By applying for grant to install eye scanners in schools.C. By asking the department of justice to fund this program.D. By turning to Orlando International Airport for help.(4) The eye scan system can be best described as.A. safe and cheapB. portable and usefulC. smart and accurateD. popular and helpful5、【来源】 2018年上海嘉定区高三二模第60~62题6分BSenior Manager Major Gift Fundraising& Special ProjectsBlind Veterans UK is the national charity helping blind ex-Service men and women lead independent and fulfilling lives. We offer blind veterans access to the highest quality of services to help them discover life beyond sight loss. We have an exciting opportunity for an innovative and resourceful individual to join our Partnerships team based at our headquarters in London. The team focuses on securing donations from HNWIs, Trusts and Companies. This role focuses on securing support from HNWIs. The special projects aspect of the role relates lo annual activities that offer an opportunity to develop relationships with the target audience.We are looking for an experienced individual with a sound track record in the following areas：• Identifying prospects with the capacity and tendency to support• Developing and implementing cultivation and marketing strategies• Managing a document of current as well as prospective major donors• Planning and driving peer to peer fundraising• Organizing promotion events• Delivering against a personal target and team targetsThe successful candidate will also have some people management experience and an expert in major gift fundraising processes will be considered as priority.In return for your talent, we offer competitive conditions of service and a conducive environment. To apply, please send your up to date CV and Supporting Statement of not more than 500 words to*********************************.uk,outlininghowyourskillsandexperiencemeettheperson specification.Interview date： Week starting from 26 March 2018Please note only applicants who submit a CV with a supporting statement will be considered.Due to the high number of enquiries and applications we receive for our vacancies we don't acknowledge each one if you haven't heard from us within a week of the closing date, please assume that we won't be inviting you for an interview. You are, of course, welcome to try again if a suitable post comes up. We are unable to provide feedback to candidates not short listed for interview.(1) The passage is mainly written to.A. invite people to join the fundraising eventsB. seek the right person to be Senior ManagerC. inform the blind veterans of money serviceD. attract the interest of potential donors(2) According to the passage, which of the following statement is TRUE?A. The application fails if one isn't informed before 26 March.B. The application should include a lengthy personal statement.C. All the applicants will receive an invitation before interview.D. The applicants should send his application when he is free.(3) What experience is most likely to help a candidate stand out?A. People management experience.B. Annul activities experience.C. Peer to peer fundraising experience.D. Large-scale fundraising experience.6、【来源】 2018年上海嘉定区高三二模第63~66题8分CAs businesses and governments have struggled to understand the so-called millennia Is—born between roughly 1980 and 2000—one frequent conclusion has been that they have a unique love of cities.A deep-seated preference for night life and subways, the thinking goes, has driven the prosperity of urban cores across the U. S. over the last decade-plus.But there's mounting evidence that millennials' love of cities was only a passing fling （放纵）. Millennials don't love cities any more than previous generations.The latest argument comes from Dowell Myers, an urban planning professor at USC. As they age, says Myers, millennials' presence in cities, will "be evaporating... through our fingers, if we don't make some plans now." That's because millennials' preference for cities will fade as they start families and become more established in their careers.It's about more than aging, though. Demographer William Frey has been arguing for years that millennials have become 'stuck' in cities by the 2008 downturn and the following slow recovery, with poor job prospects and declining wages making it harder for them to afford to buy homes in suburbia.Myers, too, says observers have confused young people's presence in cities with a preference for cities. Survey data shows that more millennials would like to be living in the suburbs than actually are. But the normal career and family cycles moving young people from cities into suburban houses have become, in Myers' words, "a plugged up drain."But unemployment has finally returned to healthy lows （though participation rates and wages are still largely depressing）, which Myers says should finally increase mobility for millennials.Other trends among millennials, supposedly matters of lifestyle preference, have already turned out to have been driven mostly by economics. What was once deemed their broad preference for public transit may have always been a now-reversing inability to afford cars. Even decades-long trends towards marrying later have been accentuated as today's young people struggle for financial stability.Investors are already taking the idea that millennials will return to old behavior patterns seriously, putting more money into auto manufacturers and developers. But urban lifestyles, up to and including trendy bars, aren't just modern — they're a part of what powers a city's economic engines, bringing people together to explore new ideas, create companies, and build careers.From the 1960s to the 1990s, we saw that suburbanization also means an economic and social hollowing out for cities. Now that the economic restrictions are coming off today's young city residents, cities that want to stay vibrant have to figure out how to convince them—and their growing families—to stick around.(1) Over the last decade, what is thought to have ensured the prosperity of the city?A. Fast economic development.B. Around-the-clock club services.C. Convenient public transport.D. Well-established careers.(2) Why are Millennia Is about to leave city?A. It is too expensive for them to buy apartment in cities.B. They find it difficult for to seek a good job in cities.C. It is easier to get married moving to the suburban.D. They are more confident with their economic situation.(3) What does the author mean quoting Myer's "aplugged up drain" （para 5）?A. Millennials are reluctant to leave attractive cities.B. Millennials are stopped from moving to the suburbs.C. Millennials are unwilling to be cut off from the suburban.D. Millennials are afraid of another economic decline.(4) How does the author feel about the suburbanization?A. sign of stable finance.B. A growth of health issues.C. A conflict of new ideas.D. A loss of modern life.五、信息匹配（共4小题，每题2分，满分8分）7、【来源】 2018年上海嘉定区高三二模第67~70题8分2018年上海长宁区高三二模第67~70题8分The Minoans: A Forgotten People The first advanced culture in ancient Greece was the Minoan culture. For thousands of years, knowledge of these people survived only in Creek myths. In the late 19th century, archaeologists began to unearth ruins. This inspired Arthur Evans to begin digging on the island of Crete near mainland Greece. On a dig in Kbossos, Evans found an ancient palace. Experts think that it was the palace of King Minos, a central figure in many Greek myths.1With his team, he uncovered a vast structure varied works of art, and many hieroglyphic records. These finds, together with later finds, comprise all that experts know about Minoan culture.From the evidence experts gathered, it is clear that the Minoans were ahead of their time. The palace at Knossos was five floors high with hundreds of rooms. Buildings through out the ancient city had plumbing and flush toilets. Stone pavement lined the surfaces of the roads. In addition, the Minoans possessed a highly developed naval fleet for long-distance trade.2These records confirm the central role of commerce in culture.Expert analysis of the evidence also offers insight into some aspects of Minoansociety.3Ruins and artwork suggest that people of all classes enjoyed a highdegree of social and gender equality. Religious icons show that Minoans worshiped bulls, the natural world, and many female gods.An unusual feature of Minoans culture was the pursuit of leisure interests. Sport and visual arts were central to Minoan life. Boxing and bull jumping, a sport in which players jumped over live bulls, were popular. Although bull jumping may have served some ritual purpose, experts believe that it was done mostly for fun. Similarly, although some works of art showed political and religious themes, other works served only as pleasant decor（装饰品）.4The Minoans met their demise after a series of natural disasters. Experts believe that group from the Greek mainland capitalized on these events and looked over the island.A. Some experts think that the wealth gained from trade allowed for such leisure in sports and the arts.B. Experts believe that a king and mostly a female priest ruled the government and controlled trade.C. In ancient Creek myths, Minoan society was quite prosperous and highly civilized.D. The palace that Evans unearthed a century ago was the first proof of Minoan culture.E. Minoan culture didn't exist before until Arthur Evans discovered the palace under the earth.F. Although not yet decoded, written script on clay tablets appears lo list trade accounts.六、阅读简答（满分10分）8、【来源】 2018年上海长宁区高三二模第71题10分概要作文The Conflict of the OrdersThe types of people who served as officials in the Roman government changed over time. These changes stemmed from the attempts of common people to more rights. The struggles became known as the Conflict of the Orders.In the early republic, Romans were divided into two classes of people： patricians and plebeians. Patricians were powerful landowners who controlled the government. As nobles, they inherited their power. Plebeians, who made up most of the population, were mainly farmers and workers. For many years, plebeians had few rights. They could vote, but they were barred from holding most public offices.Plebeians could not even know Roman laws because laws were not written down. In court, a judge stated and applied the law, but only patricians served as judges.Over time, plebeians increased their power through demand and strikes. They gained the right to join the army, hold government office, form their own assembly, and elect leaders. In one of their greatest victories, they forced the government to write down the laws of the Roman Republic. In about 450, B. C. the Romans engraved their laws on tablets called the Twelve Tables. The laws were placed in the Forum, the chief public square, for all to view.The first plebeians were appointed to the government in the late 400s B.C. After 342 B.C , a plebeian always held one of the consul positions. By about 300 B.C. many plebeians had become so powerful and wealthy themselves that they joined with patricians to form the Roman nobility. From that time on, the distinction between patricians and plebeians was not a important. Membership in the nobility was still very important, however, since government officials were not paid a salary, only wealthy nobles could afford to hold office. Thus, the nobles still controlled the republic.七、翻译（共4小题，满分15分）9、【来源】 2018年上海嘉定区高三二模第72~75题15分句子翻译(1) 他在会议上提出的建议值得三思。
2018年上海青浦区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷
2018年上海青浦区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷一、语法填空1、【来源】 2018年上海青浦区高三二模第21~30题10分The kindness of KiwiLotto（乐透彩票)winnersWe've all dreamed of winning the Lotto but what actually happens when our numbers come up? The answer is rather heart-warming. New research out today from Lotto New Zealand reveals three-quarters of Powerball winners think of sharing1spending.One lucky Powerball winner from Tauranga was even thinking of others before his numbers came up. "A week before I won Lotto, I saw an ambulance2side bore the name of the donor, and I thought, 'if I ever win Lotto, that's what I will do' and then 10 days' later I won," he said. Having won $5.5 million dollar, he's now spending a part of the money on two ambulances for his local hospital. "They're going to say '3(donate) by a Lotto winner' on the side. I hope that it will inspire others to pay it forward if they ever find4in a fortunate position like I have.""My life5(save) many years ago by a St John ambulance and it's a marvellous feeling repaying back that kindness. " It was this kind ofbehavior6led to Lotto NZ's inspiring true story of a Kiwi man who won $15 million and, honoring a promise made long ago, went halves with his mate.2017 was the7(lucky) year on record for Powerball winners. "Last year, there were 19 different Powerball winners —8most of them had in common was the desire to share their good fortune. " said Emilia Mazur, General Manager Corporate Communications."Another Tauranga man won $10 million with Powerball in July and once he got over the shock of winning, his first thought was his community and he has since shared some of his winnings to upgrade its facilities. "Group players are natural sharers — not only9they share the winnings among themselves but they also then want to help out others."Everyone is just so happy, it's created an amazing sense of freedom. " said one of the group leaders Tina. "For me personally,10(know) how much of a significant difference you have made to your family and your circle of friends, I have a feeling that I have never experienced. It's an unquantifiable feeling — it's magic. "二、选词填空2、【来源】 2018年上海青浦区高三二模第31~40题10分Swiss village bans tourists from taking photos because it's too beautifulLocated in the Swiss Alps, near the famous resort of St. Moritz, the commune of Bergün is one of the most beautiful mountain villages in Europe. So beautiful, in fact, that photos of it shared on social media may make people feel depressed that they can't visit, so local authorities banned tourists from taking photos.It may sound like a joke, but it's actually a new law adopted by the Berglin village counciland1by its mayor. To discourage visitors from taking photos in Bergün, they plan to2 a symbolic ￠5 fine for those caught breaking the new rules.According to a statement by the Borgün tourism authority, "It is scientifically proven that beautiful holiday photos on social media make the viewers unhappy because they cannot be there themselves. "However, it seems unlikely that Beigün's new law was really thought of as a wayto3Facebook or Instagram users of the depressing experience of seeing the beauty of the village. As the news went4online, many assumed that it was actually a clever marketing5, a theory that was at least partially confirmed by the village's director of tourism, Marc-Andrea Barandun."In the background of course the idea is that everyone is talking about Bergün, " he told The Local. "So it's a combination of both — we made the law and also there's some marketing aim behind it."To show that they were serious about the law, Bergünauthorities6photos of the village from its Facebook and Twitter accounts, and declared their intention to delete them from the Bergün website too.If the new law was just a7strategy, it actually worked wonders, as people started8more photos of the beautiful mountain village soon after news of the photo ban started making news headlines.A few days ago, Mayor Nicolay9the debatable photo ban in a video, where he offered people visiting Bergün a special10to take photos. He reminded them to think twice before sharing the pictures online, though, as they could be making their friends depressed.A. spareB. removedC. remindingD. addressedE. postingF. viralG. approvedH. schemeI. permitJ. implementK. promotional三、完形填空3、【来源】 2018年上海青浦区高三二模第41~55题15分A cliche is a phrase that lias been used so many times that it comes out of the mouth or the computer without stirring up a wave in the mind of the speaker, the typist, the listener or the reader. The word was part of the technical term of the French printing trade in the 19th century, the name for a plate used in the printing process, and it is still used with that meaning in English and other languages. By the middle of the same century, the word was being used in French, shortly followed by English, as a simile（比喻）for1used expressions.Clichés can be2according to whether they were originally idioms, similes and proverbs, expressions from trades or3phrases.Many idioms have been so universally overused that they have been4—phrases like far and wide, by leaps and bounds or safe and sound. Our second category could be similes and proverbs that now fall off the5with little meaning, similes like as cool as a cucumber, which6around 400 years.A large category is7from the terms of trades and professions, sports and games, and other national concerns. Many are8clichés, as is fitting for the British, as an island nation, with examples like to leave a sinking ship, to know the ropes, to stick to one's guns.Our last broad category of cliché might be phrases which were9when they were first coined, but have become ineffective through constant use. When a football manager, asked how he felt about the10of his team, said that he was as sick as a parrot. Since then, it has been so overused that it has lost its11. To explore every avenue and to leave no stone unturnsd are two political clichés of this class. No politician with any sensitivity for language could use either of those phrases12, yet you hear them still, all the time.No doubt we could specify the classes of clichés into further subdivisions until the cows come home. But there is no need to. We all agree that clichés are to be13by careful writers and speakers at all times, don't we? Well, actually, life and language, are so full of clichés that silence will hold the position if you14us the use of cliché. So many millions of people have spoken and written clichés so15that it is almost impossible to find ideas and phrases that have not been used many times before.A. occasionallyB. frequentlyC. technicallyD. grammaticallyA. confirmedB. quotedC. inferredD. classifiedA. inventedB. customizedC. recognizedD. underlinedA. highlightedB. tailoredC. weakenedD. enrichedA. noseB. eyesC. lipsD. foreheadA. dates backB. catches onC. takes shapeD. gives outA. detectedB. drawnC. excludedD. initiatedA. remoteB. temperateC. urbanD. oceanicA. boringB. strikingC. entertainingD. annoyingA. expenseB. punishmentC. defeatD. ageA. originB. shineC. statueD. honnourA. seriouslyB. fluentlyC. flexiblyD. pmperlyA. adjustedB. adaptedC. adoptedD. avoidedA. denyB. allowC. forbidD. promiseA. casuallyB. decentlyC. reluctantlyD. ceaselessly四、阅读理解4、【来源】 2018年上海青浦区高三二模第56~59题8分Free to SoarOne windy spring day, I observed young people having fun using the wind to fly their kites. Multicolored creations of varying shapes and sizes filled the skies like beautiful birds racing and dancing. As the strong winds blew against the kites, a string kept them in check.Instead of blowing away with the wind, they arose against it to achieve great heights. They shook and pulled, but the string and the tail kept them attached, facing upward and against the wind. The kites struggled and kept being dragged behind, facing upward and against the wind. As the kites struggled and trembled against the string, they seemed to say, "Let me go! Let me go! I want to be free!" They soared beautifully even as they fought the restriction of the string. Finally, one of the kites succeeded in breaking loose. "Free at last, " it seemed to say. "Free to fly with the wind."Yet freedom from restriction simply put it at the mercy of a cruel breeze. It flew ungracefully to the ground and landed in a messed mass of weeds and string against a dead bush, "Free at last", free to lie powerless in the dirt, to be blown helplessly along the ground, and to stop lifeless against the firstTAL#NBSP obstruction.How much like kites we sometimes are. The heaven gives his misfortune and limitations, rules to follow from which we can grow and gain strength. Restriction is a necessary companion to the winds of opposition. Some of us resist the rules so hard that we never soar to reach the heights we might have obtained. We keep part of the order and never rise high enough to get our tails off the ground.Let us each rise to the great heights, recognizing that some of the restrictions that we may be annoyed at are actually the steadying force that helps us improve and achieve.(1) According to paragraph 2, "Let me go!" is said by.A. the kiteB. the windC. the birdD. the flyer(2) Which of the following words has the meaning closest to the underlined word"TAL#NBSP obstruction" in paragraph 3?A. destructionB. miracleC. observationD. obstacle(3) According to the writer, in what way is man similar to kites?A. Man will never reach the desirable height unless he breaks some rules.B. Man can be empowered by difficulties to go further and higher.C. Man desires freedom but only a few will succeed.D. Man is limited by his surroundings.(4) By telling the story of kite flying, the writer wants to share the lesson that.A. rules are made to be brokenB. flying a kite involves skills and patienceC. sometimes difficulties can be potential blessingsD. it's no use complaining about the difficulties we encounter5、【来源】 2018年上海青浦区高三二模（B篇）第60~62题6分2018~2019学年上海浦东新区上师大附中高三上学期期中（B篇）第40~42题Products ▼ Tel：（855）776-7763 Get a Demo Login Sign Up Free(1) By searching the internal knowledge base, you can.A. access the Help CenterB. enjoy user-friendly manualsC. create a secure resource centerD. learn the company's practices and policies(2) The Knowledge Base Software can offer the following functions EXCEPTthat.A. users of ProProfs can read the manuals on their mobile phonesB. the service that ProProfs offers to its users is accessible around the clockC. with ProProfs, users can readjust the size of their documentation to their screensD. different users can be grouped together on a central platform to share knowledge(3) How does the software ProProfs tighten its security?A. By authorizing different users.B. By creating a central platform,C. By offering single sign-on settings.D. By building private knowledge bases.6、【来源】 2018年上海青浦区高三二模（C篇）第63~66题8分The largest-ever study of the link between city walkability and high blood pressure has been held up as evidence of the "invisible value of urban design" in improving long-term health outcomes, say researchers.The study of around 430, 000 people aged between 38 and 73 and living in 22 UK cities found significant associations between the increased walkability of a neighborhood, lower blood pressure and reduced risk of high blood pressure among its residents.The outcomes remained consistent even after adjustments for socio-demographic （社会人口统计学）lifestyle and changing physical environment factors, though the protective effects were particularly pronounced among participants aged between 50 and 60, women, and those residing in higher density and poor neighborhoods.The paper was published in the International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health this week. With high blood pressure a major risk factor for chronic （慢性的） and particularly heart diseases,researchers at the University of Hong Kong and Oxford University said the findings demonstrated the need to take notice of the health-influencing factor in urban design."With the increasing pace of urbanization and demographic shifts towards an ageing population, we become more likely to suffer from chronic diseases, " said Dr. Chinmoy Sarkar, an assistant professor at the Healthy High Density Cities Lab of the University of Hong Kong and lead author of the study. "The action taken to improve public health must consider the invisible value of urban planning and design.""We are spending billions of pounds in preventing and curing heart diseases — if we are able to invest in creating healthy cities through small changes in the design of our neighborhoods to make them more activity-friendly and walkable, then probably, we will have significant savings in future healthcare expenses."To measure a neighborhood's activity-promoting potential, researchers developed a set of index of walkability containing relevant urban elements, including residential and retail （零售） density, public transport, street-level movement, and distance to attractive destinations.Poorly designed spaces generally reduced walking and physical activity, promoting the lifestyles of long time sitting down and not moving; and were harmful to social interactions, and as such associated with poorer mental and physical health.Because walkability was "based on the underlying design of the city", said Sarkar, cities could be modified or designed to encourage it. "Such investments in healthy design are likely to bring in long-term gains as they are enduring and common."(1) By considering "invisible value of urban design", people can.A. reduce the ageing populationB. slow down the pace of urbanizationC. promote activity-friendly and walkable citiesD. invest in preventing and curing heart diseases(2) What can be inferred from the passage?A. A set of index is essential to ensure that urban design promotes walkability.B. Walkable cities can lower blood pressure and the risk of high blood pressure.C. Chronic diseases are becoming common due to people's neglect of their health.D. Middle-aged women living in poor areas are less likely to benefit from increased walkability.(3) All of the following are the undesirable consequences of poorly-designed neighborhoods EXCEPT.A. failing healthB. unhealthy lifestyleC. fewer social interactionsD. fewer neighborhoods(4) According to Dr. Chinmoy Sarkar,.A. cities should encourage the residents to engage in social interactionsB. the design of our neighborhoods should meet people's needs for retail densityC. money invested in creating healthy cities is money saved in future healthcare expensesD. chronic diseases will be common because of our lifestyle and the physical environment五、信息匹配7、【来源】 2018年上海青浦区高三二模第67~70题4分Make traditional treasures come alive The Palace Museum Director Shan Jixiang delivered a cultural heritage speech on Feb 27 in Beijing, which was co-organized by the Beijing Diplomatic Service Bureau and Beijing Housing Service Corporation for Diplomatic Missions.1On the theme The World of the Palace Museum and the Palace Museum of the World, the 64-year-old director shared his ideas about how to make traditional treasures come alive again. During the speech, which lasted two and a half hours, Shan touched on topics including upgrading museum infrastructure（基础设施）, restoring cultural sites, digitalizing online museums, setting up restoration hospitals, providing better visitor experiences and promoting the Palace Museum's cultural items."The abundant collection of cultural objects at the Palace Museum is the inspiration for the creative souvenirs and cultural items available, " Shan said. "2" Throughout 2017, the total sales of Palace Museum's cultural items have been more than 1 billion yuan（$158 million）. Explaining the huge success of Palace Museum's cultural souvenirs, Shan said: "The museum opened a shop on the e-commerce website Taobao in 2008, but sales remained neither high nor low for years, as more than 80 percent of the souvenirs sold in stores in the past were not related to our museum.""Therefore, I wanted to change the situation. Now, souvenirs from the Palace Museum cover almost every aspect of life. After all, what matters to a museum is not how many visitors they have, but how close they are to people's daily lives."3Around 200 "doctors" are employed to analyze, examine, detect flaws or damage in ancient objects and restore them using more than 100 pieces of specialized equipment, including 3-D printers and scanner. The restoration hospital covers 13, 000 square meters and boasts the nation's most advanced restoration workshops.John Aquilina, Malta's ambassador to China said that Shan's speech showed a totally different Palace Museum to foreign people. "China enjoys a long and profound culture and many of the national treasures have been preserved at the Palace Museum. It is no easy task to preserve themwell.4"A. I truly express my respect for Shan and his team for their contributions.B. With regard to cultural heritage restoration, Shan said the museum opened a restoration hospital at the end of 2016．C. A total of 600 people from all walks of life, including over 100 foreign guests, participated in the activity.D. I will learn more about Chinese culture from the magnificent ancient objects.E. Our design teams often study consumer demands and create cultural items that are nice to look at and practical to use.F. Traditional craftsmanship is combined with modern methods, and the lives of ancient cultural objects will be lengthened by the so-called doctors.六、短文概括8、【来源】 2018年上海青浦区高三二模第71题Ban the Bag!Standing in line at the grocery store last week, I watched the woman in front of me buy a tube of toothpaste. As the clerk placed her purchase in a plastic bag, I couldn't help wondering how long it would take for that bag to end up in the trash. Then I noticed the big purse the woman was carrying and wondered why she had needed a plastic bag at all.People have come to rely on plastic bags as everything from shopping bags for groceries to trash- can bags. Although plastic bags can be recycled, only about one percent of those used in the United States are. Instead, after helping people transport items from one place to another, most are thrown away. They endup in landfills, where it can take a plastic bag up to a thousand years to decay. Some bags end up elsewhere in the environment, sticking to trees and fences, blocking rivers and oceans, or floating along city sidewalks.Plastic bags harm the environment in several ways. First, they break down into particles that pollute our soil and water. Because most plastic bags are made of polyethylene, a product derived from crude oil （原油） or natural gas, they waste nonrenewable resources. Plastic bags can also harm animals. Scientists estimate that more than one million sea animals, including whales, seabirds, and turtles, die each year from intaking or becoming stranded in plastic.People all over the world are starting to recognize the problems associated with plastic bags. Countries such as China, South Africa, Switzerland, and Uganda are taking action and banning the bags. Other nations, including Italy and Ireland, have been trying to restrict the use of plastic bags by taxing them. In the United States more and more communities are ridding themselves of plastic bags. Now more and more people are also purchasing inexpensive, reusable bags and using them when they shop. If we all take this simple step, we can be a part of a "green" revolution.七、翻译句子9、【来源】 2018年上海青浦区高三二模第72~75题翻译句子。
2018上海各区高三英语二模——6选4
【2018-宝山区-二模】Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once.Note that there are two sentences more than you need.Seeking feedback not always sufficient for stimulating creativity It is widely believed that seeking feedback from colleagues, managers, friends and family enhances employees' creativity. But is this always the case? No, a positive effect depends on the work environment. This is the conclusion of new joint research study led by UAA work and organizational psychologist Roy Sijbom.(67)________For example, managers are encouraged to engage customers in order to confirm whether their business model is workable and scholars attend conferences to obtain feedback on their research results. A definite assumption is that individuals who have obtained feedback will also actually (be able to) use it.“The idea i s simple: seeking feedback from different sources -- also known as feedback source variety -- benefits one's creativity since it leads to a greater diversity of viewpoints”, says Sijbom. “And the more diverse the viewpoints, the more it benefits one's crea tivity because by combining all the different viewpoints new perspectives will emerge that in turn will result in more creativity.(68)________ ”The researchers examined how specific characteristics of the immediate work environment influence the relationship between feedback source variety and creative performance.(69)________ One is the recognized rate of change of performance standards. The other is the extent to which employees feel they have sufficient time to develop creative ideas at work (experien ced creative time pressure). “We discovered a growing relationship between the search for input from a variety of feedback sources and creativity, but only when performance standardswithin an organization are changing and when a relatively low creative time pressure is experienced”, says Sijbom.Sijbom offers several recommendations: “(70)________In a more concrete sense, organizations can, for example, consider using feedback workshops in which employees are encouraged to reflect on diverse feedback and equipped with techniques and strategies on how to absorb feedback in their daily work. In addition, managers should not only stimulate their employees to actively cultivate relationships with potential feedback sources within and outside the organization, but also provide sufficient time to process the feedback obtained from these relationships.”67--70 CEAD【2018-崇明区-高三英语-二模】Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Feel Y oung at Heart and Y ou’ll Enjoy a Longer LifeAge-liars and birthday-deniers... you’d best learn a thing or two from those who are young at heart. People who feel younger than their actual age may live longer than those who feel older than they truly are, a new study says.67_______ Results from the study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, suggest that people who feel a year or more older than they truly are could have around 41 percent greater risk for death.Researchers looked at nearly 6,500 older adults, with an average age of 65.8 for the study. Around70 percent of them felt younger than they were, about a quarter felt their precise age and just under 5 percent felt a year or more older than they were, when asked “How old do you feel you are?”Those who felt older than they were had a higher death rate after a follow-up period of 99 months. While just 14.3 and 18.5 percent of people who felt younger or felt their age, respectively, died during those 99 months, 24.6 percent of those who felt aged beyond their years had died.The authors say more research is needed on the topic, but suggest it could be that those who feel “young at heart” have healthier behaviors and a stronger will to live. “ 68______Individuals who feel older could be targeted with health messages promoting positive health behaviors and attitudes toward aging,” the authors write in the study.The good news is that you can change your feeling of how young you are. 69______One recent study found that helping participants have positive feelings toward age, by showing them positive word associations, helped older adults improve in physical tasks like balancing and getting up out of a chair, in as little as four weeks. Another study found that negative feeling of aging andpoor memory can make older adults feel up to five years older, regardless of their actual mental abilities.There you have it.70 BDEA【2018-奉贤区-二模】Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in theYou won’t have any excuse to skip class anymore. French startup OpenClassrooms is offering the first State-recognized bachelor degree in France that uses only MOOCs (massive open online courses). The startup partnered with IESA Multimédia to create this program.There are three learning paths in engineering, design and marketing. Students will have to complete all the courses and required projects in order to get their degree. 67______ IESA is already working on 40 different MOOCs for this program.On average, it will take a year of hard work in order to complete all the classes. As always, it’s hard to keep going when you sign up for a MOOC. 68_______This kind of degree has many key advantages. For IESA, it gives the school more students. IESA is a private school, and its end goal is to make as much money as possible. So with these new MOOC students, IESA will be able to get more money per teacher on average.69______The startup already offers a course for €20 per month, but you need to pay €300 per month for the Premium Plus offering to use the state-recognized program. It’s unclear ho w much OpenClassrooms will keep, but it should be more than €20 per month.For students, it’s a cheaper way to get a degree. Maybe you can’t afford to study for three years at IESA and pay €6,950 per year. 70______ Sure, it’s probably a less enjoyable experience than going to your school and spending time with other students and teachers, but it makes sense for some students.It’s an interesting new direction for OpenClassrooms, and I can’t wait to see whether other schools will start working with the startup to provide online courses. It will be interesting to see whether the first students are satisfied with this kind of degree as well.C D A F【2018-虹口区-二模】Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Ways to Be More EfficientNot all tasks of the day are inspiring, fun or exciting. But you still have to wash those dishes and take care of those routine tasks at work or in school. So what can you do not to get lost in procrastination (拖延) ?I’ll share how I do it, how I get some motivation and find more pleasure in what may seem to be a boring task.Instead of focusing your mind on how boring a task may feel, focus your thoughts on why you are doing this and how good it will feel when you are done with it. If needed, sit down for a few minutes, close your eyes and see in your mind. Then go to work with that motivation and those positive feelings in your body.Do it attentively. 67______Focus 100% on just the work with all your senses—how it feels, looks and smells—as you are scrubbing it and nothing else. Don’t get lost in daydreams. If you are just there, I have found that even such a simple task becomes more enjoyable and something that can bring inner calm rather than distress.Make a deal with yourself and set a timer for 10 minutes. It is often easier to do tasks like these in small bursts. So make a deal with yourself to just spend 10 minutes on your reading or cleaning the house.68_____When the timer rings you can continue doing it if you feel like it (this often happens to me because getting started is the hard part) . Or you can stop and go do something more interesting instead.Create a pleasurable distraction. If possible, try to listen to the radio, your favorite songs, an audio book or watch a movie or TV episode while doing your boring task. 69_____I often listen to music or watch an episode of the Simpsons while doing the dishes or other routine work at home.70_____ Take a walk in the sun. Move on to a more fun or creative task at work or in school. Have a tasty treat. This habit can make it easier to get started and to keep going each day. Because you know that you can look forward to not just being done and the long-term payoff from that but also your immediate reward right after you are finished.E D F A【2018-黄浦区-二模】Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.For Self-driving Cars, Car Washes are a NightmareCar washes have been automated for decades, but companies developing fully self-driving vehicles must rely on a human touch to keep their cars and trucks in working condition.__67__ For example, soap remainder or water spots could effectively “blind” a self-driving car. A traditional car wash’s heavy brushes could jar the vehicle’s sensors, disturbing their standardization and accuracy. Even worse, sensors, which can cost over $100,000, could be broken. __68__ Dirt, dead bugs, bird droppings or water spots can impact the vehicle’s ability to drive safely.Avis, which has years of experience managing rental cars, has been tasked with cleaning and refueling the self-driving vans of Waymo, the self-driving arm of Google’s parent company. Avis chief innovation officer Arthur Orduña told CNN, “There a re special processes that definitely require a lot more care and focus, and you have to clean the vans quite often.”__69__ But other self-driving car companies such as Toyota, Aptiv, Drive, AI and Uber described to CNN that they use microfiber (微纤维) cloths along with rubbing alcohol, water or glass cleaner for manual cleanings.__70__ This should ease some need for manual cleaning. But because self-driving vehicles can have doze ns of sensors, Seeva CEO Diane Lansinger doesn’t imagine products like this will be able to clean every camera, radar or LIDAR, a laser sensor that most experts see as essential for self-driving vehicles. EFBD【2018-嘉定区-二模】Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The Minoans: A Forgotten PeopleThe first advanced culture in ancient Greece was the Minoan culture. For thousands of years, knowledge of these people survived only in Greek myths. In the late 19th century, archaeologists began to unearth ruins. This inspired Arthur Evans to begin digging on the island of Crete near mainland Greece. On a dig in Kbossos, Evans found an ancient palace. Experts think that it was the palace of King Minos, a central figure in many Greek myths.67_____With his team, he uncovered a vast structure, varied works of art, and many hieroglyphic records. These finds, together with later finds, comprise all that experts know about Minoan culture.From the evidence experts gathered, it is clear that the Minoans were ahead of their time. The palace at Knossos was five floors high with hundreds of rooms. Buildings throughout the ancient city had plumbing and flush toilets. Stone pavement lined the surfaces of the roads. In addition, the Minoans possessed a highly developed naval fleet for long-distance trade. 68_____ These records confirm the central role of commerce in culture. Expert analysis of the evidence also offers insight into some aspects of Minoan society.69_____Ruins and artwork suggest that people of all classes enjoyed a high degree of social and gender equality. Religious icons show that Minoans worshiped bulls, the natural world, and many female gods.An unusual feature of Minoans culture was the pursuit of leisure interests. Sport and visual arts were central to Minoan life. Boxing and bull jumping, a sport in which players jumped over live bulls, were popular. Although bull jumping may have served some ritual purpose, experts believe that it was done mostly for fun. Similarly, although some works of art showed political and religious themes, other works served only as pleasant décor (装饰品).70_____ The Minoans met their demise after a series of natural disasters. Experts believe that group from the Greek mainland capitalized on these events and looked over the island.67-70. DFBA【2018-金山区-二模】Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.No one enjoys the moment. You are stuck at the back of a queue and as those in other lines move ahead and get served, the time to decide arrives. ____67____This question has now been solved by researchers at Harvard Business School. According to what they have found in a new study, they suggestpeople think twice before switching queues.The research was led by Ryan Buell, an expert in service management. He looked intoconsumer queuing behavior after working with economists on what is known as “last-place aversion,” the discomfort people feel when they know they earn less than others or consider themselves at the bottom of the social pile for some other reason. As a result of this aversion to being the last, when a person finds himself at the end of a queue, he can make decisions that he will later regret.Buell began by observing people at a multi-checkout grocery store and then set up an online survey. People who took part in the survey were told it would take about five minutes. In reality, it took only one minute, but when participants logged in for the survey, they were forced to wait in a virtual queue displayed on the screen. They started at the back and could wait, switch to a second queue or choose to leave.____68____ On average, however, those who switched waited 10 percent longer than if they had stayed put. Those who switched twice ended up waiting 67 percent longer than if they had never moved.“When we join a queue, we tend to make the most rational choice we can, which means joining the shortest queue. ____69____ Unfortunately, we can often get it wrong,” said Buell.____70____ After that, the aversion fades. The researcher suggests people have a chat with the person in front so that they can pass the time more comfortably until someone else joins behind them. “Remember that the person in front of you was the last until you arrived, so someone will show up if you h ang around long enough,” Buell said.67-70: CBAE【2018-静安区-二模】Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Most people don’t need science to appreciate the importance of a mother’s love. But to und erstand how early maltreatment can derail a child’s development requires careful study.In a famous research, Harry Harlow had demonstrated that proper psychological and physical development of infants requires nurturing and attention from a parent. ___67___ In that research, socially isolated monkey babies that were removed from their mothers were found to be clinging to a cloth-covered surrogate (替代的) mother for comfort.Such experimentations sound cruel. They, however, have been critical in helping change policies in human orphanages ( 孤儿院) in the U.S. For centuries some orphanages treated infants equally inhumanely. Despite early evidence that orphanage infants were far more likely to die than others, supporters argued that it didn’t matter whether children had “parents” specially devoted to them at the orphanage. ___68___ Orphans were supposed to be in positive mental and physical health until adoptive parents were found. Babies,they said, couldn’t remember anyway.The harrowing consequences of these theories were most vividly brought to light in Romania in the 1980s and ‘90s. A ban on abortion（流产) led to a surge in orphanage babies. Simply being fed and changed without individualized affection, some babies present serious problems. Many developed violent behaviors, repetitively rocking or banging their heads. Some were cold and withdrawn or indiscriminately affectionate. ___69___ Their head sizes were especially small. They even had problems with attention and comprehension. The longer these children were left alone, the more damage was seen.The lack of a secure attachment relationship in the early years has destructive consequences for both physical and mental health later in life, with long-lasting effects. The persistence of these effects emphasizes the need to intervene early in life. The Nobel-prize-winning economist James Heckman, has long argued that investing in early childhood education provides a greater return for society than virtually any other type of spending. It is obviously reflected in increased educational success and productivity,. The reduced crime, addiction, distress and disorder point to the same theory. Early life conditions critically affect adult life. ___70___ Remove it and theharm is great.67-70 EBFD【2018-闵行区-松江区-二模】Section CDirections: Read the following passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Rhythm of LifeChoosing the right time to sleep, the correct moment to make decisions, the best hour to eat—and even go into hospital—could be your key to perfect health.Centuries after man discovered the rhythms of the planets and the cycles of crops, scientists have learned that we too live by precise rhythms that govern everything from our basic bodily functions to mental skills. Man is a prisoner of time.But it’s not just the experts who are switching on to the way our bodies w ork. 67Prince Charles consults a chart which tells him when he will be at his peak on a physical, emotional and intellectual level. Boxer Frank Bruno is another who charts his bio-rhythms to plan for big fights.68 Sleep, blood pressure, hormone levels and heartbeat all follow their own clocks, which may bear only slight relation to our man-made 24-hour cycle.Research shows that in laboratory experiments when social signals and, most importantly, light indicators such as dawn are taken away, people lose touch with the 24-hour clock and sleeping patterns change. Temperature and heartbeat cycles lengthen and settle into “days” lasting about 25 hours.In the real world, light and dark keep adjusting internal clock to the 24-hour day. But the best indicator of performance is body temperature. As it falls from a 10 p.m. high of 37.2°C to a pre-dawn low of 36.1°C, mental functions fall too. 69______The most famous example is the nuclear accident at Three Mile Island in the US. The three operators in the control room worked alternating weeks of day, evening and night shifts.70_____ Investigators believe this caused the workers to overlook a warning light and fail to close an open valve.Finding the secret of what makes us tick has long fascinated scientists and work done over the last decade has yielded important clues. The aim is to help us become more efficient. For example, the time we eat may be important if we want to maximize intellectual or sporting performance. There is already evidence suggesting that the time when medicine is given to patients affects how well it works.【2018-浦东区-二模】Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Retro GamingThere’s no doubt that in today’s digital world, computer games are extremely sophisticated and capable of creating virtual reality experiences that were unimaginable only a few years ago.So I am interested to see that the simplistic games that I grew up with, are making a revival. But Why?In the 1970s, the original place to play a computer game was at an arcade. Here, you and your mates could try out the new big names in games such as Space Invaders and Pacman. _____67_____ And because of the technology involved, the gaming machines were too big to fit into your house.But in the 1980s and 90s, gaming arrived in our homes and people like me were addicted. The sound of beeping became a familiar sound emanating from bedrooms across the land! Names such as Tetris, Sonic and Street Fighter became popular language in the playground -- and now they are being talked about -- and played again. One of the reasons is the low cost. The BBC spoke to gamer, Gemma Wood, who says that: _____68_____ I understand that a lot of hard work has gone into the design etc., but how can anyone justify £50 to £60 for a game that you might not even enjoy?_____69_____ The graphics on old games may not compare with the detail and definition of modern games but they are fun and easy to use by children and adults alike. And of course, nostalgia plays its part. Some people want to relive their childhood while for others, it is a chance to show their children the computer games they grew up with.Technology journalist, KG Orphanides, says “it's important to recognize how well-designed many of those classic games are... the developers had so little space to work with -- your average Sega Mega Drive or SNES cartridge had a maximum capacity of just 4mb -- and limited graphics and sound capabilities.” This compares to an average capacity of 40G in today's games. _____70_____This craze for using retro hardware and grabbing an old joystick is certainly catching on. And to persuade those of us who are not sure about downgrading the gaming experience, manufacturers such as Nintendo, are bringing back some of their older consoles in new style casing.67-70B E A C【2018-普陀区-二模】Section C 8%Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.In daily life, imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously hold poor role models.B.Creative people have an endless resource of ideas.C.It is how to use imagination creatively that troubles us.D.Why follow someone else’s way of cooking when I could create my own?E.But if you begin to enter this field, imitation proves useful.F.If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character orunacceptable behaviors.Blind imitation is self-destruction. To those who do not recognize their unique worth, imitation appears attractive; to those who know their strength, imitation is unacceptable.In the early stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook, I used recipes and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. ______67______Imitat ing role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.______68______ If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. ______69______Blessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire to create something unique. Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation. The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them. ______70______ The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not serve you. Then yo u can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors’ tragedies and declare victory, and know that they are cheering me on.”67-70 D A F B【2018-青浦区-二模】Directions:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Make traditional treasures come aliveThe Palace Museum Director Shan Jixiang delivered a cultural heritage speech on Feb 27 in Beijing, which was co-organized by the Beijing Diplomatic Service Bureau and Beijing Housing Service Corporation for Diplomatic Missions. 67_____On the theme The World of the Palace Museum and the Palace Museum of the World, the 64-year-old director shared his ideas about how to make traditional treasures come alive again. During the speech, which lasted two and a half hours, Shan touched on topics including upgrading museum infrastructure（基础设施）, restoring cultural sites, digitalizing online museums, setting up restoration hospitals, providing better visitor experiences and promoting the Palace Museum’s cultural items.“The abundant collection of cultural o bjects at the Palace Museum is the inspiration for the creative souvenirs and cultural items available,” Shan said. “ 68_____ ” Throughout 2017, the total sales of Palace Museum’s cultural items have been more than 1 billion yuan ($158million). Explaining the huge success of Palace Museum’s cultural souvenirs, Shan said: “The museum opened a shop on the e-commerce website Taobao in 2008, but sales remained neither high nor low for years, as more than 80 percent of the souvenirs sold in stores in the past were not related to our museum.” “Therefore, I wanted to change the situation. Now, souvenirs from the Palace Museum cover almost every aspect of life. After all, what matters to a museum is not how many visitors they have, but how close they are to people’s daily lives.”69______ Around 200 “doctors” are employed to analyze, examine, detect flaws or damage in ancient objects and restore them using more than 100 pieces of specialized equipment, including 3-D printers and scanners. The restoration hospital covers 13,000 square meters and boasts the nation’s most advanced restoration workshops.John Aquilina, Malta’s ambassador to China said that Shan’s speech showed a totally differentPalace Museum to foreign people. “China enjoys a long and profound culture a nd many of the national treasures have been preserved at the Palace Museum. It is no easy task to preserve them well. 70 ____”67-70 CEBA【2018-徐汇区-二模】Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.People discuss their problems with friends in the hope that they’ll gain some insight into how to solve them. And even if they don’t find a way to solve their problems, it feels good to let off some steam. (67)_______________ How problems are discussed, though, can be the difference between halving a problem or doubling it.The term psychologists use for negative problem sharing is “co-rumination”. Co-rumination is the mutual encouragement to discuss problems repeatedly going over the same problems, anticipating future problems and focusing on negative feelings.(68)________________ In a study involving children aged seven to 15 years of age, researchers found that co-rumination in both boys and girls is associated with “high-quality” and close friendships. However, in girls, it was also associated with anxiety and depression (the same association was not found with the boys). And studies suggest that co-rumination isn’t just a problem for girls. Co-rumination with work colleagues can increase the risk of stress and burn out, one study suggests.(69)________________ In a group of adults, the effects of co-rumination was compared between face-to-face contact, telephone contact, texting and social media. The positive effects of co-rumination were found in face-to-face contact, telephone contact and texting, but not in social media. The negative aspects of co-rumination (anxiety) was found in face-to-face communication。
2018年上海市浦东新区高考二模英语(含听力)试题(解析版)
上海市浦东新区2018届高三下学期教学质量检测(二模)英语试题I. Listening ComprehensionSection A —10分Directions: In Section A. you will hear fen short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. Challenges.B. Hobbies.C. Jobs.D. Experiences.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: The set of stamps are rare. It took me a long time to collect them. By the way, do you like collecting stamps?W: Yes, but I prefer something challenging.Q: What are the two speakers talking about?2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. Interesting.B. Boring.C. Difficult.D. Amazing.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: How do you find your Shanghai dialect learning, Mike?M: Oh, it’s quite beyond my capacity.Q: What does the man think of learning Shanghai dialect?3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. Watching TV and videos.B. Replacing videos with TV.C. Parents’ involvement.D. Having baby sitters.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Sometimes when I’m busy, I let my baby watch videos. Can t his help his mental development? M: Passive activity probably won’t hurt, but TV and videos are poor substitutes for parents’ involvement. Q: What is good for babies’ mental growth according to the man?4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. A policeman.B. An accountant.C. A salesman.D. A bank teller.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M: I need your ID and account number before I can cash your check.W: Sure, here’s my passport and driving license and my account number is on this card.Q: What’s the man’s occupation?5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. 7:40.B. 7:15.C. 7:20.D. 7:45.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: Take it easy. It’s only 7:30 now. There are still 15 minutes to go before the movie starts. W: Don’t you remember our clock is 10 minutes slow?Q: What’s the time now?6.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. He will get someone to do it.B. She should do it herself.C. They don’t have to do it.D. He will clean the desk right away.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Hey, honey, can you grab a duster and get this desk cleaned?M: Oh, don’t bother. We are leaving in a minute.Q: What does the man mean?7.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. By bus.B. By subway.C. By taxi.D. By car.【解析】【原文】W: An exhibition of Picasso’s paintings is being held. Do you want to go with me?M: How can I miss it! But with the bus drivers on strike and taxis so expensive, we have no choice but to take the subway. If only we had a car.Q: How will they go to the exhibition?8.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. He is not a good mechanic.B. He doesn’t keep his word.C. He spends his spare time doing repairs.D. He is always ready to offer help to others.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Tom said he would come to repair our solar heater when he had time.M: He often says he is willing to help, but he never seems to have time.Q: What does the man imply about Tom?9.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. She has been having a sad day.B. She needs to take a day off.C. She wants to play basketball, too.D. She has been annoyed by the noise.【解析】【原文】M: Why haven’t you done your homework yet? It’s been a whole day.W: Oh, Daddy! How can I concentrate with that noise? The boys have been playing basketball all day long, just outside my window.Q: What does the girl mean?10.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. The man isn’t sure about the rehearsal.B. It’s better for the woman to wear a costume.C. The woman would regret it if she wore a costume.D. It wouldn’t make any difference if the woman did it.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Would it be OK if I wore a costume for the rehearsal tomorrow?M: Oh you would regret it if you didn’t.Q: What can we learn from the dialogue?Section B—15 分Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear q question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions are based on the following passage.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】11.A. He qualified as a teacher.B. He became a student.C. He became a government researcher.D. He conducted a research on Zimbabwe.12.A. Children’s minds are not used to the full.B. It is a great drain on children’s time and energy.C. It highlights the flexibility of children’s minds.D. It prevents children from seeking answers by themselves.13.A. To teach people to understand the worldB. To instruct people how to raise good questions.C. To encourage people to study as they get older.D. To inform people of problems in foreign countries.【答案】11. B 12. C 13. B【解析】【原文】“You are never too old to learn.” is what my father always told me, and he proved it. At the age of 55, he quit working to become a full-time student at our local university, studying government and political science. I understand now why he did it. Education is kind of wasted on the young. Sure, we teach children because young minds are flexible and open, but making them memorize hundreds of facts is a poor substitution for learning. I think the greatest service we can do is to teach children to ask questions and guide them in seeking the answers for themselves. “What’s the capital of Zimbabwe?” is a much less important question than, “What problems do people have in Zimbabwe?” If people were taught to ask the right q uestionsfrom a young age, the world wouldn’t be as hard to understand when they’re older. I think that’s the way my father saw it.QuestionsWhat did his father do later in his life?Which of the following statement is wrong about memorizing facts?What’s his father’s opinion on the main purpose of education? .Questions are based on the following passage.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】14.A. To serve as a time killer.B. To cultivate people’s reading killsC. To promote the sales of some books.D. To encourage people to take public transportation15A. The stories are the short edition of some website articles.B. Users can choose the length and type of the stories.C. The stories are obtained by simply pressing a button.D. Users don’t need to pay for the short stories.16.A. From the boring travel experience.B. From the love for short stories.C. From the positive feedbackD. From the snack vending machine.【答案】14. A 15. B 16. D【解析】【原文】Readers in Grenoble, a French city, can now enjoy a small bite of fiction instead of the snacks from the vending machine after the introduction of eight short-story dispensers.The free stories are available at the touch of a button, printing out on rolls of paper like a receipt. Readers are able to choose one minute, three minutes or five minutes of fiction. Just two weeks since launch, more than 10,000 stories have already been printed.The feedback is overwhelmingly positive. There are only eight dispensers in the city of Grenoble for now, but more are planned to be introduced. Requests are from all over the world—Australia, the US, Canada, Russia, Greece, Italy and Chile.Pleplé, the French publisher, hopes the stories will be used to fill the “dead time” of a regular journey to and from the place of one’s work. In the bus or the metro, everyone can make the most of these moments to read short stories, poems or short comics.The stories are drawn from the more than 60,000 stories on Short édition’s community website. Users are not able to choose what type of story—romantic, fantastical or comic—they would like to read.Pleplé said he and his team initially came up with the idea when having a break at the snack vending machine. They thought it would be cool to have it for short stories. Then, a couple of days later, the short-story dispenser was born.Questions:What is the purpose of the story dispenser?Which of the following is not true about the stories?Where does Pleplé’s inspiration come from?Questions are based on the following passage.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】17. A. 5. B. 7. C. 8. D. 10.18.A. Because his friends don’t get off work till 5 p.m.B. Because there will be more friends to go to the cinema on Friday.C. Because the film will be more popular than the Wednesday’s.D. Because there are not enough tickets left for the 9 p.m. showing.19.A. Paying a deposit.B. E-ordering in advance.C. Paying right away.D. Collecting tickets one day ahead.20. A. The film. B. The date C. The seating. D. The viewers.【答案】17. A 18. D 19. C 20. A【解析】【原文】W: Welcome to Wanda International Cinema. Can I help you?M: Umm… I want to know when “Operation Red Sea” is showing today.W: There are 6 showings today, one in the morning, another at noon, and then 3 p.m., 6 p.m., 9 p. m., and a midnight showing.M: OK, I want 5 tickets for the 9 p.m. showing tonight. Are there still 5 tickets available that are seated together?W: I’m sorry, there are only 3 tickets left. How about the 6 p.m. showing? There are still 7 tickets left for that show.M: But we have a date for dinner at 5 p.m., so we won't make the beginning of the movie.W: So would you like to see another movie? “Detective China Town 2” is very popular, too.M: No, we all want to see this one. Is there any way that we could buy tickets now for Friday’s screens?W: You can order ti ckets right now for the next three days. It’s Wednesday today. So, that’s OK. What time would you like?M: The 9 p.m. showing. I think there might be more people who want to see the movie on Friday. How many tickets can I buy at one time?W: The limit for advanced tickets is 10.M: OK, I'll have 8 tickets for the showing of “Operation Red Sea”. Are the tickets available?W: Yes, you’re lucky.M: By the way, when can I pick up the tickets?W: You can have them right now if you pay for them.M: Great! Thanks!Questions:How many tickets does the man want to buy for the 9 p.m. showing on Wednesday?Why does the man decide to buy the Friday's tickets?What will the man probably do to ensure 8 tickets for Friday?What does the man insists on?II. Grammar and vocabularySection A—10分Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into the London Zoo that a wild puma ___21___ (spot) forty miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts decided to investigate.The hunt ___22___ the puma began in a small village where a woman ___23___ (pick) blackberries saw “a large cat” only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts conf irmed that a puma will not attack a human being ___24___ it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at ___25___ place twenty miles away in the evening.___26___ it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Several people complained of cat-like noises at night and a businessman on a ___27___ (fish) trip saw the puma up a tree.The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, ___28___ where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one ___29___ have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, butthe puma was not caught. It is disturbing ___30___ (think) a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.【答案】21. had been spotted22. for 23. picking24. unless 25. another26. Wherever27. fishing28. but 29. must30. to think【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了有人发现一只野生美洲狮出现在伦敦以南40英里处的一个村子里，专家们已经展开调查，这引发了人们的不安。